| transformation of soil microbial community structure and rhizoctonia-suppressive potential in response to apple roots. | abstract changes in the composition of soil microbial communities and relative disease-suppressive ability of resident microflora in response to apple cultivation were assessed in orchard soils from a site possessing trees established for 1 to 5 years. the fungal community from roots of apple seedlings grown in noncultivated orchard soil was dominated by isolates from genera commonly considered saprophytic. plant-pathogenic fungi in the genera phytophthora, pythium, and rhizoctonia constituted a ... | 1999 | 18944736 |
| protein and electrode engineering for the covalent immobilization of p450 bmp on gold. | site-directed mutagenesis and functionalization of gold surfaces have been combined to obtain a stable immobilization of the heme domain of cytochrome p450 bm3 from bacillus megaterium. immobilization experiments were carried out using the wild type protein bearing the surface c62 and c156 and the site-directed mutants c62s, the c156s, and the double mutant c62s/c156s (no exposed cysteines). the gold surface was functionalized using two different spacers: cystamine- n-succinimidyl 3-maleimidopro ... | 2008 | 18947200 |
| lipopeptides produced by a soil bacillus megaterium strain. | a soil microorganism identified as bacillum megaterium was found to produce several antibiotics substances after growth for 20 h at 37 degrees c in a mineral culture medium. analysis both by electron spray ionization (esi) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry (ms) identified these substances as lipopeptides. predominant peaks at m/z 1,041 and m/z 1,065 revealed ions which are compatible with surfactins and lichenysins, respectively. two oth ... | 2009 | 18958512 |
| altering the regioselectivity of the subterminal fatty acid hydroxylase p450 bm-3 towards gamma- and delta-positions. | cytochrome p450 bm-3 monooxygenase from bacillus megaterium (cyp102a1) catalyzes the subterminal hydroxylation of fatty acids with a chain length of 12-22 carbons. wild-type p450 bm-3 oxidizes saturated fatty acids at subterminal positions producing a mixture of omega-1, omega-2 and omega-3 hydroxylated products. using a rational site-directed mutagenesis approach, three new elements have been introduced into the substrate binding pocket of the monooxygenase, which greatly changed the product pa ... | 2009 | 18984016 |
| expression of recombinant clostridium difficile toxin a and b in bacillus megaterium. | major clostridium difficile virulence factors are the exotoxins tcda and tcdb. due to the large size and poor stability of the proteins, the active recombinant tcda and tcdb have been difficult to produce. | 2008 | 18990232 |
| dephenolization and detoxification of olive-mill wastewater (omw) by purified biotic and abiotic oxidative catalysts. | the capability of two oxidative catalysts, a laccase from rhus vernicifera and birnessite, a manganese oxide, in the dephenolization and detoxification of two olive-mill wastewater (omw) samples, c1 and c2, differing for complexity and composition, was evaluated. omw phenolic extracts (ec1 and ec2) and mono-substrate solutions of phenols mostly present in omw samples were also tested. birnessite was more effective than laccase in removing the phenolic content from mono-substrate solutions (more ... | 2009 | 18990422 |
| purification and characterization of keratinase from recombinant pichia and bacillus strains. | the keratinase gene from bacillus licheniformis mku3 was cloned and successfully expressed in bacillus megaterium ms941 as well as in pichia pastoris x33. compared with parent strain, the recombinant b. megaterium produced 3-fold increased level of keratinase while the recombinant p. pastoris strain had produced 2.9-fold increased level of keratinase. the keratinases from recombinant p. pastoris (ppzk3) and b. megaterium ms941 (pwak3) were purified to 67.7- and 85.1-folds, respectively, through ... | 2009 | 18996485 |
| endophytic bacterial flora in root and stem tissues of black pepper (piper nigrum l.) genotype: isolation, identification and evaluation against phytophthora capsici. | to isolate and identify black pepper (piper nigrum l) associated endophytic bacteria antagonistic to phytophthora capsici causing foot rot disease. | 2009 | 19018963 |
| identification of aerobic gut bacteria from the kala azar vector, phlebotomus argentipes: a platform for potential paratransgenic manipulation of sand flies. | visceral leishmaniasis is an understudied parasitic disease responsible for significant global morbidity and mortality. we are presently investigating a method of disease prevention termed paratransgenesis. in this approach, symbiotic or commensal bacteria are transformed to produce anti-leishmania molecules. the transformed bacteria are delivered back to sand flies to inactivate the parasite within the vector itself. in this study, we identified 28 distinct gut microorganisms from phlebotomus a ... | 2008 | 19052297 |
| effect of the insertion of a glycine residue into the loop spanning residues 536-541 on the semiquinone state and redox properties of the flavin mononucleotide-binding domain of flavocytochrome p450bm-3 from bacillus megaterium. | despite sharing sequence and structural similarities with other diflavin reductases such as nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr) and nitric oxide synthase, flavocytochrome p450bm-3 displays some unique redox and electron transferring properties, including the inability to thermodynamically stabilize the neutral semiquinone (sq) state of the flavin mononucleotide (fmn) cofactor. rather, the anionic sq species is only transiently formed during rapid reduction. why is this? the absence of a conser ... | 2008 | 19055322 |
| 6-aminopenicillanic acid production by intact cells of e. coli containing penicillin g acylase (pga). | the aim of present study was to optimize conditions for conversion of penicillin g into 6-apa using intact crude cells of locally collected pga producing bacterial strains as biocatalyst. corn steep liquor medium supplemented with phenylacetic acid was used for pga production. for enzymatic conversion of penicillin g into 6-apa by pga impregnated bacterial cells, a maximum reaction time of 4 h was found adequate. the procedure for extraction and crystallization of 6-apa from the enzyme reaction ... | 2007 | 19090124 |
| physiological heterogeneity of suspended microbial aggregates. | suspended microbial aggregates, which are always in dynamic equilibrium with suspended cells and cells attached to surface, are very common structures in natural and engineering environmental systems. to study and design physiologically diverse suspended microbial aggregates the physiological classification of chemotrophic prokaryotes in 12 groups formed by four evolutionary periods (fermenting, anaerobic respiring, microaerophilic and facultative aerobic, aerobic prokaryotes) and three parallel ... | 2008 | 19092223 |
| biologically active and c-amidated hinnavinii-38-asn produced from a trx fusion construct in escherichia coli. | the cabbage butterfly (artogeia rapae) antimicrobial peptide hinnavinii as a member of cecropin family is synthesized as 37 residues in size with an amidated lysine at c-terminus and shows the humoral immune response to a bacterial invasion. in this work, a synthetic gene for hinnavinii-38-asn (hin) with an additional amino acid asparagine residue containing amide group at c-terminus was cloned into pet-32a(+) vector to allow expression of hin as a trx fusion protein in escherichia coli strain b ... | 2008 | 19107394 |
| isolation and characterization of superdormant spores of bacillus species. | superdormant spores of bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium were isolated in 4 to 12% yields following germination with high nutrient levels that activated one or two germinant receptors. these superdormant spores did not germinate with the initial nutrients or those that stimulated other germinant receptors, and the superdormant spores' defect was not genetic. the superdormant spores did, however, germinate with ca(2+)-dipicolinic acid or dodecylamine. although these superdormant spores di ... | 2009 | 19136594 |
| [cloning, expression and the characterization of beta-amylase from a bacillus megaterium ws06]. | a beta-amylase gene (amyg) was cloned from a bacillus megaterium ws06 and expressed in the escherichia coli. nucleotide sequence anlysis showed the amyg gene is composed of 1638 bp (545 amino acid residues with a mr of 60.194 kd). the amyg shows 94.5% sequence homologies with beta-amylase from bacillus megaterium dsm319 and presents a normal beta-amylase primary structure, constituted by three parts: the n-terminal signal sequence, the catalytic domain and the c-terminal starch binding domains. ... | 2008 | 19149186 |
| contribution of intestinal epithelial cells to innate immunity of the human gut--studies on polarized monolayers of colon carcinoma cells. | the aim was to establish an in vitro model for studies of innate defence mechanisms of human intestinal epithelium. ultrastructural characterization and determination of mrna expression levels for apical glycocalyx and mucous components showed that polarized, tight monolayers of the colon carcinoma cell lines t84 and caco2 acquire the features of mature- and immature columnar epithelial cells, respectively. polarized monolayers were challenged with non-pathogenic gram+ and gram- bacteria from th ... | 2009 | 19170965 |
| analysis of dye binding by and membrane potential in spores of bacillus species. | to determine roles of coats in staining bacillus subtilis spores, and whether spores have membrane potential. | 2009 | 19187156 |
| atrazine degradation by stable mixed cultures enriched from agricultural soil and their characterization. | the aim of this work was to enrich stable mixed cultures from atrazine-contaminated soil. the cultures were examined for their atrazine biodegradation efficiencies in comparison with j14a, a known atrazine-degrading strain of agrobacterium radiobacter. the cultures were also characterized to identify community structure and bacterial species present. | 2009 | 19191954 |
| generation of the human metabolite piceatannol from the anticancer-preventive agent resveratrol by bacterial cytochrome p450 bm3. | in recent studies, the wild-type and mutant forms of cytochrome p450 (p450) bm3 (cyp102a1) from bacillus megaterium were found to metabolize various drugs through reactions similar to those catalyzed by human p450 enzymes. therefore, it was suggested that cyp102a1 can be used to produce large quantities of the metabolites of human p450-catalyzed reactions. trans-resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene), an anticancer-preventive agent, is oxidized by human p450 1a2 to produce two major metabolites ... | 2009 | 19237510 |
| discrimination of bacteria using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-differential mobility spectrometry (py-gc-dms) and chemometrics. | discrimination of bacteria was investigated using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-differential mobility spectrometry (py-gc-dms). three strains belonging to the genus bacillus were investigated and these included two strains of bacillus subtilis and a single bacillus megaterium. these were chosen so as to evaluate the possibility of bacterial strain discrimination using py-gc-dms. the instrument was constructed in-house and the long-term reproducibility of the instrument was evaluated over a period ... | 2009 | 19238294 |
| antibody production by the gram-positive bacterium bacillus megaterium. | the increasing demand for recombinant antibodies as detection reagents in research, diagnostics, and therapy requires appropriate production systems. in contrast to antibody therapies, small recombinant antibody fragments like fab and scfv are sufficient for most applications in research and diagnostics. these antibody fragments can also be produced in bacterial hosts. gram-negative bacteria, particularly escherichia coli, were extensively studied for the recombinant antibody production but they ... | 2009 | 19252842 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel gamma-radiation-resistant bacterium from hot spring in iran. | 30 pure colonies with various colors and shapes were isolated from the samples of water and mud which were collected from the abe-siah hot springs in ramsar, a city in north of iran, with high-level of radiation (up to 4 gy). colonies were irradiated by 22 kgy radiations and only one of them survived. the survived bacterium with an optimum growth of 30 to 37 degrees c, ph 6 to 7, and at minimum of 5% nacl concentration showed promising characteristics. this strain is aerobic, mesophilic, white c ... | 2009 | 19253326 |
| tylenchulus semipenetrans alters the microbial community in the citrus rhizosphere. | infection of citrus seedlings by tylenchulus semipenetrans was shown to reduce subsequent infection of roots by phytophthora nicotianae and to increase plant growth compared to plants infected by only the fungus. hypothetical mechanisms by which the nematode suppresses fungal development include nutrient competition, direct antibiosis, or alteration of the microbial community in the rhizosphere to favor microorganisms antagonistic to p. nicotianae. a test of the last hypothesis was conducted via ... | 2003 | 19265991 |
| inexpensive fed-batch cultivation for high poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production by a new isolate of bacillus megaterium. | this research aimed at increasing the cell density and production of the homopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (phb) by bacillus megaterium ba-019, using renewable and inexpensive bioresources as a substrate. a higher cell density and a greater phb production level were obtained by using sugarcane molasses and urea as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. the limitation of nitrogen at a c/n molar ratio of 25 resulted in enhanced cell growth and phb production in batch cultures. fed-batch cultivat ... | 2009 | 19269585 |
| evaluation of biocontrol activity of rhizobacteria from beta vulgaris against heterodera schachtii. | one hundred fifty rhizobacteria isolated from roots of swiss chard grown in a soil suppressive to the sugar beet cyst nematode, heterodera schachtii, were tested for their influence on the nematode's ability to hatch and infect roots. two screening systems were used that focused on the ability of bacteria to inhibit either nematode hatching or root infection. most of the bacterial strains reduced hatching in vitro compared to the control, while with 5% of the strains there were 0% hatch. seven p ... | 1999 | 19270875 |
| a novel semi-biosynthetic route for artemisinin production using engineered substrate-promiscuous p450(bm3). | production of fine chemicals from heterologous pathways in microbial hosts is frequently hindered by insufficient knowledge of the native metabolic pathway and its cognate enzymes; often the pathway is unresolved, and the enzymes lack detailed characterization. an alternative paradigm to using native pathways is de novo pathway design using well-characterized, substrate-promiscuous enzymes. we demonstrate this concept using p450(bm3) from bacillus megaterium. using a computer model, we illustrat ... | 2009 | 19271725 |
| characterization of the germination of bacillus megaterium spores lacking enzymes that degrade the spore cortex. | to determine roles of cortex lytic enzymes (cles) in bacillus megaterium spore germination. | 2009 | 19302310 |
| a t7 rna polymerase-dependent gene expression system for bacillus megaterium. | gene expression systems based on the rna polymerase of the bacteriophage t7 are often the ultimate choice for the high level production of recombinant proteins. during the last decade, the gram-positive bacterium bacillus megaterium was established as a useful host for the intra- and extracellular production of heterologous proteins. in this paper, we report on the development of a t7 rna polymerase-dependent expression system for b. megaterium. the system was evaluated for cytosolic and secreto ... | 2009 | 19308404 |
| probing the molecular determinants of coenzyme selectivity in the p450 bm3 fad/nadph domain. | bacillus megaterium p450 bm3 (bm3) is an nad(p)h-binding diflavin reductase exhibiting substantial coenzyme specificity for nadph over nadh. the side chains of serine 965, arginine 966 and lysine 972 in its fad-binding domain bind the nadph 2'-phosphate. optical, kinetic and thermodynamic properties of s965a, r966a and k972a fad domains were analyzed singly and combined with the fad-shielding w1046a mutation. steady-state and stopped-flow kinetic studies demonstrated substantially decreased nadp ... | 2009 | 19344791 |
| mitigation of the effect of catholyte contamination in microbial fuel cells using a wicking air cathode. | cathode design greatly affects microbial fuel cell (mfc) performance. cathode contamination is inevitable in a single-chamber mfc yet it is impossible to study the magnitude of this effect in the single-chambered format. therefore to study the effect of contamination at the cathode two-chamber mfcs must be used. the advantages of the two-chamber mfc design used in this study include: the assembled and filled fuel cell is autoclavable and the cathode can easily be moved from the submerged to air ... | 2009 | 19359159 |
| functional characterization of the re-face loop spanning residues 536-541 and its interactions with the cofactor in the flavin mononucleotide-binding domain of flavocytochrome p450 from bacillus megaterium. | flavocytochrome p450bm-3, a bacterial monooxygenase, contains a flavin mononucleotide-binding domain bearing a strong structural homology to the bacterial flavodoxin. the flavin mononucleotide (fmn) serves as the one-electron donor to the heme iron, but in contrast to the electron transfer mechanism of mammalian cytochrome p450 reductase, the fmn semiquinone state is not thermodynamically stable and appears transiently as the anionic rather than the neutral form. a unique loop region comprised o ... | 2009 | 19432415 |
| adsorption kinetics of pb and cd by two plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. | a bench study was carried out to characterize the kinetics of two plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) azotobacter chroococcum and bacillus megaterium to adsorb heavy metals from solution. adsorption of pb(2+) and cd(2+) by bacterial cells was processed quickly with an equilibration achieved within 5 min. the adsorptions were fitted well with freundlich and langmuir isotherm models. the comparison of isotherm parameters indicated that a. chroococcum had a stronger capacity to bind metal i ... | 2009 | 19447032 |
| biotechnology for fats and oils: new oxygenated fatty acids. | among the three groups of natural products (starch, protein and fat), fat and oil are the most under-investigated. the us has a large amount of surplus soybean oil annually, and using vegetable oils or their component fatty acids as starting material provides a new opportunity for bioindustry. vegetable oils are relatively inexpensive and can be used to manufacture value-added products such as oxygenated oils and fatty acids. oxygenated fatty acids are common in nature and are important industri ... | 2009 | 19447212 |
| biodegradation of international jet a-1 aviation fuel by microorganisms isolated from aircraft tank and joint hydrant storage systems. | microorganisms contaminating international jet a-1 aircraft fuel and fuel preserved in joint hydrant storage tank (jhst) were isolated, characterized and identified. the isolates were bacillus subtillis, bacillus megaterium, flavobacterium oderatum, sarcina flava, micrococcus varians, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus cereus and bacillus brevis. others included candida tropicalis, candida albicans, saccharomyces estuari, saccharomyces cerevisiae, schizosaccharomyces pombe, ... | 2009 | 19452113 |
| antimicrobial activity of six pomegranate (punica granatum l.) varieties and their relation to some of their pomological and phytonutrient characteristics. | arils from six pomegranate (punica granatum l.) varieties grown in the mediterranean region of turkey were tested for their antimicrobial properties by the agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) methods against seven bacteria: (bacillus megaterium dsm 32, pseudomonas aeruginosa dsm 9027, staphylococcus aureus cowan 1, corynebacterium xerosis uc 9165, escherichia coli dm, enterococcus faecalis a10, micrococcus luteus la 2971), and threefungi (kluvyeromyces marxianus a230, rhodo ... | 2009 | 19471201 |
| kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitors from the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon and the inhibitory activities of spipm4 and 5. | serine proteinase inhibitors (spis) play important roles in physiological and immunological processes involving proteinases in all multicellular organisms. in black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon, nine different kazal-type spis, namely spipm1-9, were identified from the cdna libraries of hemocyte, hepatopancreas, hematopoietic tissue, ovary and lymphoid organ. they are multi-domain spis containing 2-7 and possibly more kazal domains. two interesting cdna clones, spipm4 and spipm5 coding for two-do ... | 2009 | 19497371 |
| identification and characterization of a novel intracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase from bacillus megaterium. | a gene that codes for a novel intracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) depolymerase, designated phaz1, has been identified in the genome of bacillus megaterium. a native phb (nphb) granule-binding assay showed that purified soluble phaz1 had strong affinity for nphb granules. turbidimetric analyses revealed that phaz1 could rapidly degrade nphb granules in vitro without the need for protease pretreatment of the granules to remove surface proteins. notably, almost all the final hydrolytic prod ... | 2009 | 19561190 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel small antifungal peptide from bacillus megaterium d4 isolated from the dung of wild plateau yak in china. | a novel small antifungal peptide-producing strain d4 was isolated from the dung of wild plateau yak and identified as bacillus megaterium. the purification procedure of peptide consisted of acid precipitation, methanol extract and c(18) reverse-phase chromatography. the amino acid composition of peptide yp differed from those of antifungal peptides which have been reported to date. peptide yp was proved to be a novel small antifungal cyclic peptide. it exhibited strong inhibitory activity agains ... | 2010 | 19594429 |
| cyanobacterial electron carrier proteins as electron donors to cyp106a2 from bacillus megaterium atcc 13368. | the cyp450 from bacillus megaterium (bmcyp106a2) catalyzes the 15beta-hydroxylation of several steroids and also synthesizes mono-hydroxylated 9alpha- and 11alpha-oh-progesterone. this study reports on the ability of bmcyp106a2 to be efficiently reduced by the photosynthetic flavodoxin and, particularly, ferredoxin electron carriers from the cyanobacterium anabaena. these results open the possibility for the design of a hybrid system to provide reducing equivalents for the hydroxylation process. ... | 2009 | 19635596 |
| survey of bacterial populations present in us-produced linerboard with high recycle content. | to survey paperboard products from 17 us mills for bacterial populations and for bacteria potentially harmful to human health. | 2010 | 19645765 |
| isolation, cloning and characterization of a tyrosinase with improved activity in organic solvents from bacillus megaterium. | a tyrosinase-expressing bacterium was isolated from soil, and extracellular enzymatic activity was induced by the presence of tyrosine and cuso(4). amplification of the 16s rdna genes revealed a high similarity with bacillus megaterium. the enzyme was over-expressed in escherichia coli bl21 and purified using an affinity column. the tyrosinase was composed of 297 amino acids and was determined to be a monomer with a relative molecular mass of 31 kda according to gel filtration. the k(m) values f ... | 2009 | 19672047 |
| plant growth promotion by bacillus megaterium involves cytokinin signaling. | accumulating evidence indicates that plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) influence plant growth and development by the production of phytohormones such as auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins. little is known on the genetic basis and signal transduction components that mediate the beneficial effects of pgprs in plants. we recently reported the identification of a bacillus megaterium strain that promoted growth of a. thaliana and p. vulgaris seedlings. in this addendum, the role of cytoki ... | 2008 | 19704649 |
| dissemination of tnmeri1-like mercury resistance transposons among bacillus isolated from worldwide environmental samples. | fifty-six mercury-resistant (hg(r)) bacillus strains were isolated from natural environments at various sites of the world. southern hybridisation and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis showed that 21 of the 56 isolates have closely related or identical mer operons to that of bacillus megaterium mb1. these 21 isolates displayed a broad-spectrum mercury resistance and volatilised hg(0). pcr amplification with a single primer and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed that ... | 2004 | 19712430 |
| monitoring bioreactors using principal component analysis: production of penicillin g acylase as a case study. | the complexity of biological processes often makes impractical the development of detailed, structured phenomenological models of the cultivation of microorganisms in bioreactors. in this context, data pre-treatment techniques are useful for bioprocess control and fault detection. among them, principal component analysis (pca) plays an important role. this work presents a case study of the application of this technique during real experiments, where the enzyme penicillin g acylase (pga) was prod ... | 2010 | 19727832 |
| in vitro antimicrobial effect of satureja wiedemanniana against bacillus species isolated from raw meat samples. | in this study a total of 30 raw meat samples obtained from ankara, turkey were screened for the presence of bacillus species. among the meat samples analyzed, the predominant species isolated was bacillus circulans; other bacillus species were identified as bacillus firmus, bacillus lentus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mycoides, bacillus sphaericus, and bacillus cereus. minced meat samples were more contaminated with bacillus species than sliced beef sample. from these s ... | 2009 | 19735196 |
| optimization and fed-batch production of phb utilizing dairy waste and sea water as nutrient sources by bacillus megaterium srkp-3. | a gram positive bacterium (designated strain srkp-3) that potentially accumulated polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) was isolated from brackish water. from its morphological and physiological properties and nucleotide sequence of its 16s rrna, it was suggested that strain srkp-3 was similar to bacillus megaterium. a four-factor central composite rotary design (ccrd) was employed to optimize the medium and to find out the interactive effects of four variables, viz. concentrations of dairy waste, rice b ... | 2010 | 19744854 |
| effect of surfactant on the production of oxygenated unsaturated fatty acids by bacillus megaterium ala2. | bacillus megaterium ala2 nrrl b-21660 has been well studied for the production of many oxygenated unsaturated fatty acids from linoleic acid. its major product, 12,13,17-trihydroxy-9(z)-octadecenoic acid (12,13,17-thoa), inhibited the growth of many plant pathogenic fungi. however, we have been unable, until now, to demonstrate 12,13,17-thoa production in a fermentor. here, we have investigated the effect of surfactants on 12,13,17-thoa production. surfactant types (so-25, tween-80 and triton x- ... | 2010 | 19748603 |
| a panel of cytochrome p450 bm3 variants to produce drug metabolites and diversify lead compounds. | herein we demonstrate that a small panel of variants of cytochrome p450 bm3 from bacillus megaterium covers the breadth of reactivity of human p450s by producing 12 of 13 mammalian metabolites for two marketed drugs, verapamil and astemizole, and one research compound. the most active enzymes support preparation of individual metabolites for preclinical bioactivity and toxicology evaluations. underscoring their potential utility in drug lead diversification, engineered p450 bm3 variants also pro ... | 2009 | 19774562 |
| antibacterial activity of oregano (origanum vulgare linn.) against gram positive bacteria. | the present investigation is focused on antibacterial potential of infusion, decoction and essential oil of oregano (origanum vulgare) against 111 gram-positive bacterial isolates belonging to 23 different species related to 3 genera. infusion and essential oil exhibited antibacterial activity against staphylococcus saprophyticus, s. aureus, micrococcus roseus, m. kristinae, m. nishinomiyaensis, m. lylae, m. luteus, m. sedentarius, m. varians, bacillus megaterium, b. thuringiensis, b. alvei, b. ... | 2009 | 19783523 |
| chemoenzymatic elaboration of monosaccharides using engineered cytochrome p450bm3 demethylases. | polysaccharides comprise an extremely important class of biopolymers that play critical roles in a wide range of biological processes, but the synthesis of these compounds is challenging because of their complex structures. we have developed a chemoenzymatic method for regioselective deprotection of monosaccharide substrates using engineered bacillus megaterium cytochrome p450 (p450(bm3)) demethylases that provides a highly efficient means to access valuable intermediates, which can be converted ... | 2009 | 19805336 |
| native granule associated short chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase from a marine derived bacillus sp. nq-11/a2. | a rapidly growing marine derived bacillus sp. strain nq-11/a2, identified as bacillus megaterium, accumulated 61% polyhydroxyalkanoate by weight. diverse carbon sources served as substrates for the accumulation of short chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate. three to nine granules either single or attached as buds could be isolated intact from each cell. maximum activity of polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase was associated with the granules. granule-bound polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase had a k(m) of 7.1 x ... | 2010 | 19838815 |
| characterization of corrosive bacterial consortia isolated from petroleum-product-transporting pipelines. | microbiologically influenced corrosion is a problem commonly encountered in facilities in the oil and gas industries. the present study describes bacterial enumeration and identification in diesel and naphtha pipelines located in the northwest and southwest region in india, using traditional cultivation technique and 16s rdna gene sequencing. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna sequences of the isolates was carried out, and the samples obtained from the diesel and naphtha-transporting pipelines sh ... | 2010 | 19844704 |
| structure-activity relationship of human liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2. | liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (leap-2) is a 40-residue cationic peptide originally purified from human blood ultrafiltrate. the native peptide contains two disulfide bonds and is unique regarding its primary structure. its biological role is not known but a previous study showed that chemically synthesized leap-2 exhibited in vitro antimicrobial activities against several gram-positive bacteria. in order to determine its antimicrobial mode of action, we expressed human recombinant leap ... | 2010 | 19852990 |
| inhibitory effects of bacillus probionts on growth and toxin production of vibrio harveyi pathogens of shrimp. | to investigate the effects of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus megaterium in terms of toxin and growth of pathogenic vibrio harveyi. | 2009 | 19874484 |
| the transcriptional activator rfia is quorum-sensing regulated by cotranscription with the luxi homolog pcoi and is essential for plant virulence in pseudomonas corrugata. | the gram-negative phytopathogen pseudomonas corrugata has an acyl-homoserine lactone (ahl) quorum-sensing (qs) system called pcoi/pcor that is involved in virulence on tomato. this work identifies, downstream of pcoi, a gene designated rfia, which we demonstrate is directly linked to qs by cotranscription with pcoi. the deduced rfia protein contains a dna-binding domain characteristic of the luxr family but lacks the autoinducer-binding terminus characteristic of the qs luxr-family proteins. we ... | 2009 | 19888817 |
| continuous 2-keto-l-gulonic acid fermentation by mixed culture of ketogulonicigenium vulgare dsm 4025 and bacillus megaterium or xanthomonas maltophilia. | the fermentation process of 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (2kga) from l-sorbose was developed using a two-stage continuous fermentation system. the mixed culture of ketogulonicigenium vulgare dsm 4025 and bacillus megaterium dsm 4026 produced 90 g/l of 2kga from 120 g/l of l-sorbose at the dilution rate of 0.01 h(-1) in a single-stage continuous fermentation process. but after the production period was beyond 150 h, the significant decrease of 2kga productivity was observed. when the non-spore forming b ... | 2010 | 19902207 |
| gene cloning, characterization, and heterologous expression of levansucrase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens. | although levan produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens is known to have efficient immunostimulant property which gives 100% survival of common carp when infected with aeromonas hydrophila, no detailed reports are available describing kinetic studies of d: -glucose production and levan formation. in this study, we cloned and characterized the enzymatic kinetics using levansucrase expressed in escherichia coli. optimum ph for d: -glucose production and levan formation was 6.0 and 8.0, respectively, ... | 2010 | 19916084 |
| identification and application of aflp-derived genetic markers for quantitative pcr-based tracking of bacillus and paenibacillus spp. released in soil. | in this study, we show that noncoding sequences from amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps) can provide robust and sensitive genetic markers suitable for pcr-based discrimination of closely related strains of bacillus and paenibacillus, and quantitative pcr (qpcr)-based tracking of the strains in complex natural systems like soil. quantitative pcr was accurate in the approximately 1 x 10(9) to approximately 1 x 10(4) colony forming units (cfu)/g soil range. the detection limit was impro ... | 2009 | 19935889 |
| ring b aromatic steroids from an endophytic fungus, colletotrichum sp. | the new (22e,24r)-3-acetoxy-19(10-->6)-abeo-ergosta-5,7,9,22-tetraen-3beta-ol (1) and the known (22e,24r)-19(10-->6)-abeo-ergosta-5,7,9,22-tetraen-3beta-ol (2), two interesting ergosteroids with rare aromatized ring b, together with seven known derivatives, namely (22e,24r)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol (3), (22e,24r)-ergosta-4,7,22-trien-3-one (4), (22e,24r)-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (5), (22e,24r)-5alpha,8alpha-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3beta-ol (6), (22e,24r)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3beta, ... | 2009 | 19967971 |
| treatment of waste gas containing low concentration of dimethyl sulphide (dms) in a bench-scale biofilter. | biological treatment of dimethyl sulphide (dms) was investigated in a bench-scale biofilter, packed with compost along with wood chips, and enriched with dms degrading microorganism bacillus sphaericus. the biofilter could remove 62-74% of the inlet dms, at an optimum loading of 0.484 g/m(3)/h with optimum empty bed contact time (ebct) of 384 s and an average moisture range of 65-70%. the biodegradative products of dms were sulphide, thiosulphate and sulphate. evaluation of microbiological statu ... | 2010 | 20006492 |
| bio-resolution of glycidyl (o, m, p)-methylphenyl ethers by bacillus megaterium. | a newly isolated bacillus megaterium with epoxide hydrolase activity resolved racemic glycidyl (o, m, p)-methylphenyl ethers to give enantiopure epoxides in 84-99% enantiomeric excess and with 21-73 enantiomeric ratios. the (s)-enantiomer was obtained from rac-glycidyl (o or m)-methylphenyl ether while the (r)-epoxides was obtained from glycidyl p-methylphenyl ether. the observations are explained at the level by enzyme-substrate docking studies. | 2010 | 20013303 |
| changes in microbial properties and nutrient dynamics in bagasse and coir during vermicomposting: quantification of fungal biomass through ergosterol estimation in vermicompost. | in this experiment, different microorganisms viz., trichoderma viridae, aspergillus niger and bacillus megaterium were inoculated in bagasse and coir with the objective to study their effect on nutrient dynamics and microbial properties, specially effect on fungal status in these waste materials. fungal biomass (fbc) was calculated from the ergosterol content in the vermicompost samples. inoculation of b. megaterium registered comparatively higher tp content in the final stabilized product. verm ... | 2010 | 20061132 |
| [effects of microbial inoculation on composting in a bioreactor]. | a composting experiment with chicken manure was carried out in a lab-scaled bioreactor to study the effects of microbial inoculation (a single bacillus megaterium and a compound vt agent) on the changes of the temperature, oxygen concentration, c/n ratio, wsc (water-soluble carbon), germination index (gi), and cellulase and dehydrogenase activity. the results showed that the use of compound vt agent was more effective in the growing of starting temperature and maintaining of the high-temperature ... | 2009 | 20063763 |
| [expression of alkali-tolerant xylanase in bacillus megaterium]. | we cloned xylanase-encoding gene xyna and its promoter from bacillus pumilus, expressed in bacillus megaterium and characterized the recombinant xylanase. | 2009 | 20069882 |
| glucose 6-phosphate accumulation in mycobacteria: implications for a novel f420-dependent anti-oxidant defense system. | glucose 6-phosphate (g6p) is a metabolic intermediate with many possible cellular fates. in mycobacteria, g6p is a substrate for an enzyme, f(420)-dependent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (fgd), found in few bacterial genera. intracellular g6p levels in six mycobacterium sp. were remarkably higher ( approximately 17-130-fold) than escherichia coli and bacillus megaterium. the high g6p level in mycobacterium smegmatis may result from 10-25-fold higher activity of the gluconeogenic enzyme fruct ... | 2010 | 20075070 |
| characterization of wet-heat inactivation of single spores of bacillus species by dual-trap raman spectroscopy and elastic light scattering. | dual-trap laser tweezers raman spectroscopy (ltrs) and elastic light scattering (els) were used to investigate dynamic processes during high-temperature treatment of individual spores of bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, and bacillus subtilis in water. major conclusions from these studies included the following. (i) after spores of all three species were added to water at 80 to 90 degrees c, the level of the 1:1 complex of ca(2+) and dipicolinic acid (cadpa; approximately 25% of the dry weig ... | 2010 | 20097820 |
| speciation of gram-positive bacteria in fresh and ambient-stored sub-tropical marine fish. | this study identified gram-positive bacteria in three sub-tropical marine fish species; pseudocaranx dentex (silver trevally), pagrus auratus (snapper) and mugil cephalus (sea mullet). it further elucidated the role played by fish habitat, fish body part and ambient storage on the composition of the gram-positive bacteria. a total of 266 isolates of gram-positive bacteria were identified by conventional biochemical methods, vitek, pcr using genus- and species-specific primers and/or 16s rrna gen ... | 2010 | 20110133 |
| structure and absolute configuration of an unsaturated anteiso fatty acid from bacillus megaterium. | gas chromatography in combination with electron ionization mass spectrometry (gc/ei-ms) was used to determine the fatty acids of a membrane lipid from bacillus megaterium. special attention was put on the structure and absolute configuration of a monoenoic fatty acid previously described in this sample. gc/ei-ms operated in the selected ion monitoring mode was used to determine twelve fatty acids in the bacterium. methyl esters were prepared to verify the presence of a 14-methylhexadecenoic acid ... | 2010 | 20117788 |
| systems biology of recombinant protein production in bacillus megaterium. | over the last two decades the gram-positive bacterium bacillus megaterium was systematically developed to a useful alternative protein production host. multiple vector systems for high yield intra- and extracellular protein production were constructed. strong inducible promoters were combined with dna sequences for optimised ribosome binding sites, various leader peptides for protein export and n- as well as c-terminal affinity tags for affinity chromatographic purification of the desired protei ... | 2010 | 20140656 |
| screening of bacterial isolates from polluted soils exhibiting catalase and peroxidase activity and diversity of their responses to oxidative stress. | for the survival of individual isolates of gram-negative bacteria pseudomonas putida, achromobacter xylosoxidans, and the gram-positive bacterium bacillus megaterium, in an environment polluted with crude oil products, the production of catalases exhibiting both catalase and dianisidine-peroxidase activity is important. electrophoretic resolution of cell-free extracts of aerobically grown strains in luria-bertani medium during exponential phase revealed distinctive expression of catalatic and pe ... | 2010 | 20145932 |
| biocontrol of aspergillus flavus on peanut kernels by use of a strain of marine bacillus megaterium. | a strain of marine bacillus megaterium isolated from the yellow sea of east china was evaluated for its activity in reducing postharvest decay of peanut kernels caused by aspergillus flavus in in vitro and in vivo tests. the results showed that the concentrations of antagonist had a significant effect on biocontrol effectiveness in vivo: when the concentration of the washed bacteria cell suspension was used at 1x10(9)cfu/ml, the percentage rate of rot of peanut kernels was 31.67%+/-2.89%, which ... | 2010 | 20156660 |
| antibacterial activities of the extracts and conessine from holarrhena floribunda g. don. (apocynaceae). | the methanolic extract and conessine isolated from the stem bark of holarrhena floribunda (hf) were tested for their antibacterial activities on bacillus: bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus stearothermophilus using the disc diffusion method. phytochemical analysis of the crude extract and fractions was also conducted. the inhibition parameters of the crude methanol extract and the total alkaloid fraction were determined using the macrodilution method. the result ... | 2007 | 20161899 |
| engineering of a bacillus alpha-amylase with improved thermostability and calcium independency. | successful industrial use of amylases requires that they are sufficiently stable and active at application conditions, e.g., at high temperature in starch-liquefaction process. in the present study, site-directed mutagenesis was used to enhance the thermal stability and calcium independency of a mesophilic alpha-amylase from bacillus megaterium who. mutations (a53s and h58i) were designed at the calcium-binding site based on the sequence alignment. kinetic and thermostability parameters of the m ... | 2010 | 20177823 |
| glutamate-haem ester bond formation is disfavoured in flavocytochrome p450 bm3: characterization of glutamate substitution mutants at the haem site of p450 bm3. | bacillus megaterium flavocytochrome p450 bm3 (cyp102a1) is a biotechnologically important cytochrome p450/p450 reductase fusion enzyme. mutants i401e, f261e and l86e were engineered near the haem 5-methyl group, to explore the ability of the glutamate carboxylates to form ester linkages with the methyl group, as observed for eukaryotic cyp4 relatives. although no covalent linkage was detected, mutants displayed marked alterations in substrate/inhibitor affinity, with l86e and i401e mutants havin ... | 2010 | 20180779 |
| towards preparative scale steroid hydroxylation with cytochrome p450 monooxygenase cyp106a2. | cytochrome p450 monooxygenases are of outstanding interest for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals, due to their ability to hydroxylate c--h bonds mainly in a stereo- and regioselective manner. cyp106a2 from bacillus megaterium atcc 13368, one of only a few known bacterial steroid hydroxylases, enables the oxidation of 3-keto-4-ene steroids mainly at position 15. we expressed this enzyme together with the electron-transfer partners bovine adrenodoxin and adrenodoxin reductase in ... | 2010 | 20183841 |
| an improved transconjugation protocol for bacillus megaterium facilitating a direct genetic knockout. | we provide a simple but very efficient transconjugation protocol for bacillus megaterium. by combining utile attributes of known transconjugation methods (small size of the transferred dna, close physical contact between donor and recipient cells, and heat treatment of the latter) and by determining the appropriate donor/recipient ratio, mating approaches yielded 5 x 10(-5) transconjugants/recipient. counter-selection for eliminating escherichia coli donor cells from the mating mixture was possi ... | 2010 | 20217076 |
| staphylococcus aureus and zygosaccharomyces bailii as primary microbial contaminants of a spoiled herbal food supplement and evaluation of their survival during shelf life. | this investigation was carried out to identify the microbiota in a spoiled commercial food supplement consisting of a syrup suspension of a mixture of dried herbs and herb extracts. the product did not contain alkyl-p-hydroxybenzoates (parabens) as preservatives, was kept at room temperature and showed abundant gas formation. colonies of distinct morphology were recovered on bacteria- and yeast-specific media, and tested for their ability to grow in the product. genetic differentiation and ident ... | 2010 | 20227600 |
| mechanism of killing of spores of bacillus cereus and bacillus megaterium by wet heat. | to determine the mechanism of wet heat killing of spores of bacillus cereus and bacillus megaterium. | 2010 | 20302598 |
| [cloning and expression of lipase gene to enantioselective resolution of (s)-ketoprofen]. | we screened a strain nk13 for a certain extent asymmetric hydrolysis the rac-ketoprofen chloroethyl ester to (s)-ketoprofen. as identified, nk13 was bacillus megaterium. digested nk13 genomic dna with sau3ai partially and recovered the fragment from 2 kb to 6 kb, cleaved the plasmid of puc18 with bamh i, ligated the 2-6 kb fragment of nk13 genomic dna into puc18 plasmid, and then transformed an escherichia coli strain dh5alpha. we created the gene library of nk13 and obtained a positive clone, p ... | 2010 | 20353100 |
| construction and co-expression of a polycistronic plasmid encoding carbonyl reductase and glucose dehydrogenase for production of ethyl (s)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate. | biocatalysis of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cobe) to ethyl (s)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate [(s)-chbe] was carried out using escherichia coli co-expressing a carbonyl reductase gene from pichia stipitis and a glucose dehydrogenase gene from bacillus megaterium. an efficient polycistronic plasmid with a high-level of enzyme co-expression was constructed by changing the order of the genes, altering the shine-dalgarno (sd) regions, and aligned spacing (as) between the sd sequence and the translat ... | 2010 | 20382525 |
| synthesis, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory activity of 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. | in the present study, 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (3a-o) have been synthesized by the condensation of 4-methoxybenzohydrazide (1) with different aromatic acids (2a-o) in presence of phosphoryl chloride. the structural assignment of this compound (3a-o) has been made on the basis of elemental analysis, uv, ir, (1)h nmr and mass spectral data. the synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro growth inhibiting activity against different strains of bacteria and fungi viz., staphylo ... | 2008 | 20390080 |
| biochemical characterization of gram-positive and gram-negative plant-associated bacteria with micro-raman spectroscopy. | raman spectra of gram-positive and gram-negative plant bacteria have been measured with micro-raman spectrometers equipped with 785 and 514.5 nm lasers. the gram-positive bacteria microbacterium testaceum, paenibacillus validus, and clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis have strong carotenoid bands in the regions 1155-1157 cm(-1) and 1516-1522 cm(-1) that differentiate them from other tested gram-negative bacteria. in the raman spectrum of gram-positive bacteria bacillus megaterium exci ... | 2010 | 20412629 |
| involvement of manduca sexta peptidoglycan recognition protein-1 in the recognition of bacteria and activation of prophenoloxidase system. | although the importance of peptidoglycan recognition proteins (pgrps) in detecting bacteria and promoting immunity is well recognized in drosophila melanogaster and other insect species, such a role has not yet been experimentally established for pgrps in the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta. in this study, we purified m. sexta pgrp1 from the baculovirus-insect cell expression system, tested its association with peptidoglycans and intact bacteria, and explored its possible link with the prophenol ... | 2010 | 20416376 |
| high-yield intra- and extracellular protein production using bacillus megaterium. | the bacillus megaterium protein production system based on the inducible promoter of the xyl operon (p(xyla)) was systematically optimized. multiple changes in basic promoter elements, such as the -10 and -35 region and the ribosome-binding site, resulted in an 18-fold increase of protein production compared to the production of the previously established system. the production in shaking-flask culture of green fluorescent protein (gfp) as a model product led to 82.5 mg per g cell dry weight (g( ... | 2010 | 20435764 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a short peptidoglycan recognition protein (pgrp-s) with antibacterial activity from the bumblebee bombus ignitus. | peptidoglycan recognition proteins (pgrps) are pattern recognition molecules of the innate immune system that recognize peptidoglycan, a unique bacterial cell wall component. here we cloned and characterized pgrp-s from the bumblebee bombus ignitus (bipgrp-s). the bipgrp-s gene consists of four exons that encode 194 amino acid residues. comparative analysis indicates that the predicted amino acid sequence of bipgrp-s shares a high identity with enzymatically active pgrp-s proteins and contains t ... | 2010 | 20447414 |
| human cytochrome p450 2e1 structures with fatty acid analogs reveal a previously unobserved binding mode. | human microsomal cytochrome p450 (cyp) 2e1 is widely known for its ability to oxidize >70 different, mostly compact, low molecular weight drugs and other xenobiotic compounds. in addition cyp2e1 oxidizes much larger c9-c20 fatty acids that can serve as endogenous signaling molecules. previously structures of cyp2e1 with small molecules revealed a small, compact cyp2e1 active site, which would be insufficient to accommodate medium and long chain fatty acids without conformational changes in the p ... | 2010 | 20463018 |
| surface display of heme- and diflavin-containing cytochrome p450 bm3 in escherichia coli: a whole cell biocatalyst for oxidation. | cytochrome p450 enzymes (p450s) are involved in the synthesis of a wide variety of valuable products and in the degradation of numerous toxic compounds. the p450 bm3 (cyp102a1) from bacillus megaterium was the first p450 discovered to be fused to its redox partner, a mammalian-like diflavin reductase. here, we report the development of a whole cell biocatalyst using ice-nucleation protein (inp) from pseudomonas syringae to display a heme- and diflavin-containing oxidoreductase, p450 bm3 (a singl ... | 2010 | 20467243 |
| identification of up-regulated proteins in the hemolymph of immunized bombyx mori larvae. | insects defend themselves against foreign invaders via both a cellular response and a humoral response. the objective of this study was to identify proteins which were differently regulated in the immunized bombyx mori larvae. heat-inactivated bacteria (bacillus megaterium) were injected into b. mori larvae, 4 days after final ecdysis. after 6 h, we identified the immune proteins in the hemolymph which had been differentially regulated in the immune-challenged larvae, using two-dimensional polya ... | 2006 | 20483257 |
| regulation of plasma membrane aquaporins by inoculation with a bacillus megaterium strain in maize (zea mays l.) plants under unstressed and salt-stressed conditions. | it is documented that some plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) enhance plant salt tolerance. however, as to how pgpr may influence two crucial components of plant salt tolerance such as, root hydraulic characteristics and aquaporin regulation has been almost unexplored. here, maize (zea mays l.) plants were inoculated with a bacillus megaterium strain previously isolated from a degraded soil and characterized as pgpr. inoculated plants were found to exhibit higher root hydraulic conducta ... | 2010 | 20499084 |
| pseudomonas corrugata: plant pathogen and/or biological resource? | summary pseudomonas corrugata is the causal agent of tomato pith necrosis yet it is also used in the biological control of plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. potentially it could be used in other fields, such as the production of commercial biomolecules with a wide range of application and including bioremediation. this review reports the multiple characteristics of the bacterium, highlights its known molecular features and speculates on the possible underlying mechanisms of action. taxonomy: ... | 2007 | 20507495 |
| biodegradation of tetrachlorobisphenol--a in river sediment and the microbial community changes. | this study investigated the aerobic degradation of tetrachlorobisphenol-a (tcbpa) in sediment samples collected at three sites along erren river in southern taiwan. tcbpa biodegradation rate constants (k(1)) and half-lives (t(1/2)) ranged from 0.03 to 0.06 day(-1) and 11.6 to 23.1 days, respectively. the biodegradation of tcbpa was enhanced by the addition of cellulose, yeast extract, sodium chloride, brij 30, brij 35, surfactin, and rhamnolipid. of the micro-organism strains isolated from the s ... | 2010 | 20512725 |
| defensin of the zebra mussel (dreissena polymorpha): molecular structure, in vitro expression, antimicrobial activity, and potential functions. | a 409 bp full length defensin gene was cloned and sequenced based on an expressed sequence tag (est) obtained from a normalized zebra mussel (dreissena polymorpha) foot cdna library developed in our laboratory. the d. polymorpha defensin (dpd) gene encoded a peptide with 76 amino acid residues. the mature dpd contains 54 amino acids with a fully functional insect defensin a domain. homologue searching against genbank database suggested that this dpd was phylogenetically close to defensins from a ... | 2010 | 20537393 |
| organomercurials removal by heterogeneous merb genes harboring bacterial strains. | organomercury lyase (merb) is a key enzyme in bacterial detoxification and bioremediation of organomercurials. however, the merb gene is often considered as an ancillary component of the mer operon because there is zero to three merb genes in different mer operons identified so far. in this study, organomercurials' removal abilities of native mercury-resistant bacteria that have one or multiple merb genes were examined. each heterogeneous merb genes from these bacteria was further cloned into es ... | 2010 | 20541123 |
| enhancement of recombinant enzyme activity in cpxa-deficient mutant of escherichia coli. | we have previously performed a systematic screening of single-gene knockout collection of escherichia coli bw25113 (the keio collection) to investigate the effect of cellular components on the activity of whole-cell catalysts (zhou et al. appl. microbiol. biotechnol. in press (2010)). in the present paper, the cpxa-deficient mutant of e.coli bw25113 was found to be able to enhance the activity of cytochrome p450s, including cyp154a1 of streptomyces coelicolor, compactin 6β-hydroxylase of strepto ... | 2010 | 20547366 |
| identification of a receptor subunit and putative ligand-binding residues involved in the bacillus megaterium qm b1551 spore germination response to glucose. | the molecular basis for the recognition of glucose as a germinant molecule by spores of bacillus megaterium qm b1551 has been examined. a chromosome-located locus (bmq_1820, renamed gerwb) is shown to encode a receptor b-protein subunit that interacts with the gerua and geruc proteins to form a receptor that is cognate for both glucose and leucine. gerwb represents the third receptor b protein that binds to glucose in this strain. site-directed mutagenesis (sdm) experiments conducted on charged ... | 2010 | 20581204 |
| application of escherichia coli phage k1e dna-dependent rna polymerase for in vitro rna synthesis and in vivo protein production in bacillus megaterium. | gene "7" of escherichia coli phage k1e was proposed to encode a novel dna-dependent rna polymerase (rnap). the corresponding protein was produced recombinantly, purified to apparent homogeneity via affinity chromatography, and successfully employed for in vitro rna synthesis. optimal assay conditions (ph 8, 37 degrees c, 10 mm magnesium chloride and 1.3 mm spermidine) were established. the corresponding promoter regions were identified on the phage genome and summarized in a sequence logo. surpr ... | 2010 | 20596705 |
| cameroonemide a: a new ceramide from helichrysum cameroonense. | from the extracts of all parts of the plant helichrysum cameroonense, five compounds were isolated and identified. one of them, a ceramide, named cameroonemide a (1), is reported for the first time as a new natural product. its structure was determined by comprehensive analyses of their 1d and 2d nmr and hr-ei-ms spectral data. the remaining four known compounds were identified by comparing their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature as kaurenoic acid (2), 3-acetyloxykaurenoic ... | 2010 | 20628944 |
| development of a flow-through microscopic multitesting system for parallel monitoring of cell samples in biotechnological cultivation processes. | the automated monitoring of cell variables in cultivation processes is a key technology in modern bioscience. in this article an innovative analytical tool for monitoring of cell densities in shaking-flask cultivations--consisting of a flow-through microscope with an automated image analysis software integrated in a fia sampling system--is presented. this atline multitesting system was optimized by varying the height of the microscopes sampling zone. a calibration of the system was performed by ... | 2010 | 20638423 |
| statistical optimization of process variables for the production of an anticancer drug (colchicine derivatives) through fermentation: at scale-up level. | effect of various nutritional components and fermentation parameters on biotransformation of colchicine using bacillus megaterium acbt03 to produce 3-demethylated colchicine (3-dmc) has been investigated. initially, plackett-burman (pb) design was used to evaluate the 11 nutritional variables to screen medium component that significantly influences the 3-demethylated colchicine (3-dmc) production. three most statistically significant nutrients that is starch, glycerol and yeast extract were iden ... | 2011 | 20647066 |
| antimicrobial activity investigation on wuyiencin fractions of different polarity. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of wuyiencin fractions with different polarities against six indicator microorganisms: rhodotorula rubra, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, escherichia coli, cladosporium fulvum and staphylococcus aureus. the fermentation broth of wuyiencin was submitted to ab-8 macroporous adsorptive resin and fractionated with solvents of different polarity. the fraction eluted with water had remarkably antimicrobial activity against all th ... | 2010 | 20657470 |