| bacterial microbiota in small brown planthopper populations with different rice viruses. | the small brown planthopper (sbph) is an important virus vector, transmitting rice stripe virus (rsv), and rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv). insect symbionts play an essential role in the insect fitness, however, it is still unclear about their contributions to viral transmission by sbph. here, we investigated endosymbiont communities in non-viruliferous, rsv-infected, and rbsdv-infected sbph populations using illumina 16s rrna gene miseq sequencing. in total, 281,803 effective sequences ... | 2017 | 28471518 |
| the c-jun n-terminal kinase pathway of a vector insect is activated by virus capsid protein and promotes viral replication. | no evidence has shown whether insect-borne viruses manipulate the c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk) signaling pathway of vector insects. using a system comprising the plant virus rice stripe virus (rsv) and its vector insect, the small brown planthopper, we have studied the response of the vector insect's jnk pathway to plant virus infection. we found that rsv increased the level of tumor necrosis factor-α and decreased the level of g protein pathway suppressor 2 (gps2) in the insect vector. the vir ... | 2017 | 28716183 |
| quantitative analysis of rice stripe virus in a transovarial transmission cycle during the development and reproduction of its vector, laodelphax striatellus. | the amount of rice stripe virus (rsv) maintained through transovarial transmission was analyzed during the development and reproduction of its vector, laodelphax striatellus. reverse transcription quantitative pcr analysis was used to quantify rna expressed from the rsv coat protein (cp) gene as an estimate of rsv content in nymphs and adults of l. striatellus at various developmental stages. the 18s ribosome rna gene of l. striatellus was chosen as the reference for calculating rsv cp expressio ... | 2017 | 28589385 |
| variable inhibition of zika virus replication by different wolbachia strains in mosquito cell cultures. | mosquito-borne arboviruses are a major source of human disease. one strategy to reduce arbovirus disease is to reduce the mosquito's ability to transmit virus. mosquito infection with the bacterial endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis wmel is a novel strategy to reduce aedes mosquito competency for flavivirus infection. however, experiments investigating cyclic environmental temperatures have shown a reduction in maternal transmission of wmel, potentially weakening the integration of this strain int ... | 2017 | 28446677 |
| expression pattern and pharmacological characterisation of two novel alternative splice variants of the glutamate-gated chloride channel in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus. | glutamate-gated chloride channels (glucl) mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission in invertebrate nervous systems. although only one glucl gene was presented in insects, it showed diverse alternative splicing that was speculated could affect channel function and pharmacology. | 2017 | 27302648 |
| dynamics of neotyphodium uncinatum and n-formylloline in italian ryegrass, and their relation to insect resistance in the field. | a fungal endophyte, neotyphodium uncinatum, accumulates n-formylloline, which is toxic to hemipteran insects, in italian ryegrass. this study aimed to clarify the dynamics of n. uncinatum and n-formylloline in italian ryegrass, and their relationship to insect resistance. | 2014 | 24219582 |
| enhanced resistance to four species of clypeorrhynchan pests in neotyphodium uncinatum infected italian ryegrass. | particular alkaloids produced by neotyphodium endophytes show toxicity to invertebrates. italian ryegrass (lolium multiflorum lamarck) cultivars and strains that are symbiotic with neotyphodium endophytes have been recently established in japan. n. uncinatum-infected italian ryegrass lines accumulate n-formylloline, a type of loline alkaloid (1-aminopyrrolizidine) showing neurotoxicity to herbivorous insects. this study investigated the toxicity of n-formylloline and resistance of n. uncinatum-i ... | 2012 | 22420264 |
| maize iranian mosaic virus shows a descending transcript accumulation order in plant and insect hosts. | maize iranian mosaic virus (mimv) is a distinct member of the genus nucleorhabdovirus. in this study, expression of all mimv genes in maize for four weeks after inoculation and in inoculative planthoppers was examined using a quantitative rt-pcr (rt-qpcr) assay. accumulation of mimv p, gene 3, m, g and l transcripts relative to n transcripts was measured and normalized to 18s rrna in maize plants and to the ribosomal protein s13 gene (rps13) in planthoppers using the comparative ct method. in pl ... | 2017 | 29275458 |
| identification of virus-derived sirnas and their targets in rbsdv-infected rice by deep sequencing. | rna interference (rnai) is a conserved mechanism against viruses in plants and animals. it is thought to inactivate the viral genome by producing virus-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas). rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv) is transmitted to plants by the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus), and seriously threatens production of rice in east asia, particularly oryza sativa japonica subspecies. through deep sequencing, genome-wide comparisons of rbsdv-derived vsirnas were m ... | 2017 | 29215744 |
| comparative proteomic analysis of susceptible and resistant rice plants during early infestation by small brown planthopper. | the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus fallén, homoptera, delphacidae-sbph) is one of the major destructive pests of rice (oryza sativa l.). understanding on how rice responds to sbph infestation will contribute to developing strategies for sbph control. however, the response of rice plant to sbph is poorly understood. in this study, two contrasting rice genotypes, pf9279-4 (sbph-resistant) and 02428 (sbph-susceptible), were used for comparative analysis of protein profiles in the l ... | 2017 | 29089949 |
| an injury equivalency system for establishing a common economic threshold for three species of rice planthoppers (hemiptera: delphacidae) in taiwan. | the economic threshold (et) for multiple pest species that share the same injury type on host plants (feeding guild) has been proposed for decision-making in integrated management framework of many defoliating insect pests. however, only a few consider agricultural pests with sucking mouthparts. this study presents the first injury equivalency system for the feeding guild made up of three rice (oryza sativa l.) planthopper (hemiptera: delphacidae) species--nilaparvata lugens (stål), sogatella fu ... | 2013 | 23786072 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci associated with small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus fallén) resistance in rice (oryza sativa l.). | f(2) and bc(1) populations derived from the cross between 02428 / rathu heenati were used to investigate small brown planthopper (sbph) resistance. using the f(2) population, three qtls for antixenosis against sbph were located on chromosomes 2, 5 and 6, and accounted for 30.75% of the phenotypic variance; three qtls for antibiosis against sbph were detected on chromosomes 8, 9 and 12. qsbph5-c explaining 7.21% of phenotypic variance for antibiosis was identified on chromosome 5 using the bc(1) ... | 2012 | 22458437 |
| the a2'n mutation of the rdl gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor conferring fipronil resistance in laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the planthopper laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (hemiptera: delphacidae) is a serious insect pest of rice, oryza sativa l., and has developed resistance to fipronil in japan. sequence analysis of l. striatellus rdl gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptor subunit (ls-rdl) genes from a fipronil-resistant population and a fipronil-susceptible strain identified the a2'n mutation (index number for m2 membrane-spanning region), that was previously implicated in fipronil resistance in the planthopper s ... | 2011 | 21510217 |
| quantitative trait loci mapping of resistance to laodelphax striatellus (homoptera: delphacidae) in rice using recombinant inbred lines. | laodelphax striatellus fallén (homoptera: delphacidae), is a serious pest in rice, oryza sativa l., production. a mapping population consisting of 81 recombinant inbred lines (rils), derived from a cross between japonica' kinmaze' and indica' dv85' rice, was used to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) for the resistance to l. striatellus. seedbox screening test (sst), antixenosis test, and antibiosis test were used to evaluate the resistance response of the two parents and 81 rils to l. striat ... | 2007 | 17849901 |
| cry64ba and cry64ca, two etx/mtx2-type bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins active against hemipteran pests. | genetically modified crops that express insecticidal bacillus thuringiensis (bt) proteins have become a primary approach for control of lepidopteran (moth) and coleopteran (beetle) pests that feed by chewing the plants. however, the sap-sucking insects (hemiptera) are not particularly susceptible to bt toxins. in this study, we describe two cry toxins (cry64ba and cry64ca) from bt strain 1012 that showed toxicity against two important hemipteran rice pests, laodelphax striatellus and sogatella f ... | 2018 | 29150505 |
| imidacloprid is hydroxylated by laodelphax striatellus cyp6ay3v2. | laodelphax striatellus (fallén) is one of the most destructive pests of rice, and has developed high resistance to imidacloprid. our previous work indicated a strong association between imidacloprid resistance and the overexpression of a cytochrome p450 gene cyp6ay3v2 in a l. striatellus imidacloprid resistant strain (imid-r). in this study, a transgenic drosophila melanogaster line that overexpressed the l. striatellus cyp6ay3v2 gene was established and was found to confer increased levels of i ... | 2017 | 28654199 |
| ribosomal protein l18 is an essential factor that promote rice stripe virus accumulation in small brown planthopper. | rice stripe virus (rsv) transmitted by the vector, small brown planthopper (sbph), can cause a severe rice disease. the nucleocapsid (n) protein is the major component of rsv ribonucleoprotein particles (rnps), and it plays important roles in viral persistent-propagative transmission by sbph. to gain further insights into the vector components enabling rsv transmission, a gal4-based yeast two-hybrid system was utilized to find unknown vector factors that interact with the n protein. thirteen dif ... | 2018 | 29374519 |
| deltamethrin is metabolized by cyp6fu1, a cytochrome p450 associated with pyrethroid resistance in laodelphax striatellus. | cytochrome p450s are known to play a major role in metabolizing a wide range compounds. cyp6fu1 has been over-expressed in a deltamethrin-resistant strain of laodelphax striatellus. this study was conducted to express cyp6fu1 in sf9 cell as a recombinant protein, to confirm its ability in metabolizing deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid and traditional p450 probing substrates. | 2017 | 29194952 |
| buprofezin is metabolized by cyp353d1v2, a cytochrome p450 associated with imidacloprid resistance in laodelphax striatellus. | cyp353d1v2 is a cytochrome p450 related to imidacloprid resistance in laodelphax striatellus. this work was conducted to examine the ability of cyp353d1v2 to metabolize other insecticides. carbon monoxide difference spectra analysis indicates that cyp353d1v2 was successfully expressed in insect cell sf9. the catalytic activity of cyp353d1v2 relating to degrading buprofezin, chlorpyrifos, and deltamethrin was tested by measuring substrate depletion and analyzing the formation of metabolites. the ... | 2017 | 29186030 |
| investigation of alimentary canal ultrastructure following knockdown of the dicer-2 gene in planthoppers reveals the potential pathogenicity of southern rice black streaked dwarf virus to its insect vector. | an increasing number of studies are suggesting that plant viruses, including southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv), can adversely affect biological characteristics of insect vectors by unknown mechanisms. to study the adverse effect of srbsdv at cellular level on the insect vector, we promoted viral infection by the disruption of the small interfering rna (sirna) pathway. the transmission electron microscopy was utilized to describe the ultrastructural changes that occurred in insect ... | 2017 | 29141205 |
| genome sequence of the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. | laodelphax striatellus fallén (hemiptera: delphacidae) is one of the most destructive rice pests. l. striatellus is different from 2 other rice planthoppers with a released genome sequence, sogatella furcifera and nilaparvata lugens, in many biological characteristics, such as host range, dispersal capacity, and vectoring plant viruses. deciphering the genome of l. striatellus will further the understanding of the genetic basis of the biological differences among the 3 rice planthoppers. | 2017 | 29136191 |
| resistance monitoring and cross-resistance role of cyp6cw1 between buprofezin and pymetrozine in field populations of laodelphax striatellus (fallén). | monitoring resistance and investigating insecticide resistance mechanisms are necessary for controlling the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. the susceptibility to four common insecticides of l. striatellus collected from jiangsu, anhui, zhejiang and jilin provinces of china in 2015 was monitored. the results showed that all field populations remained susceptible to chlorpyrifos and thiamethoxam with resistance ratios (rrs) of 2.3- to 9.5 and 1.6- to 3.3, respectively, while the i ... | 2017 | 29116195 |
| combined transcriptomic/proteomic analysis of salivary gland and secreted saliva in three planthopper species. | the planthoppers are piercing-sucking pests that continuously inject saliva into host plants using specialized stylets. however, knowledge on the constituent and function of planthopper saliva proteins was still limited. in this study, the transcriptomic and proteomic approach were adopted to characterize the composition of salivary glands and their secreted saliva in three planthoppers, respectively. gene repertoires of salivary glands in brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens, bph), white-backe ... | 2018 | 29109049 |
| a simple method for obtaining rice black-streaked dwarf virus-infected small brown planthopper nymphs. | rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv), an important rice virus, is transmitted by vector small brown planthopper (sbph) in a persistent manner, but not transovarial transmission. in order to obtain viruliferous sbph nymphs for relevant research, a simple and reliable method was developed, through allowing sbph adults laying eggs on rbsdv-infected rice plants. the results showed the hatching nymphs on diseased plants could early acquire virus, and the virus was detected in 2nd-instar nymphs fro ... | 2018 | 29050971 |
| hormone signaling regulates nymphal diapause in laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae). | diapause is a physiological adaptation that allows an organism to survive adverse environmental conditions. diapause occurs at a specific developmental stage in each species. there are few reports regarding the molecular regulatory mechanism of nymphal diapause in laodelphax striatellus, which is an important graminaceous crop pest. our previous studies identified the conditions for nymphal diapause in this species. here, we combined rna sequencing transcriptomics and quantitative proteomic anal ... | 2017 | 29042683 |
| resistance to cycloxaprid in laodelphax striatellus is associated with altered expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits. | cycloxaprid is a new oxabridged cis-configuration neonicotinoid insecticide, the resistance development potential and underlying resistance mechanism of which were investigated in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén), an important agricultural pest of rice. | 2017 | 28991400 |
| resistance irrelevant cyp417a2v2 was found degrading insecticide in laodelphax striatellus. | cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (cyps) usually overexpressed in resistant strain were found involved in oxidative detoxification of insecticides. in this study, an investigation was conducted to confirm if resistance irrelevant cyps which were not overexpressed in resistant strain before, were capable of degrading insecticides. three resistance irrelevant cyps viz. cyp417a2v2, cyp425a1v2, and cyp4dj1 from cyp4 family of laodelphax striatellus were randomly selected for experiments. cyp417a2v2 and ... | 2017 | 28770044 |
| jinggangmycin-suppressed reproduction in the small brown planthopper (sbph), laodelphax striatellus (fallen), is mediated by glucose dehydrogenase (gdh). | the small brown planthopper (sbph), laodelphax striatellus (fallen), is a serious pest insect of rice, wheat, and maize in china. sbph not only sucks plant sap but also transmits plant disease viruses, causing serious damage. these viruses include rice striped virus disease (rsv disease), black streaked dwarf, and maize rough disease virus. sbph outbreaks are related to the overuse of pesticides in china. some pesticides, such as triazophos, stimulate the reproduction of sbph, but an antibiotic ... | 2017 | 28595925 |
| does resistance to buprofezin improve heat and cold tolerance of laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae)? | there is ample evidence that insecticide resistance causes fitness costs and benefits in pests, while the impact of insecticide resistance on thermotolerance of pests is mostly unclear. the laodelphax striatellus (fallén), is an important rice insect pest, which has developed resistance to buprofezin in china. here, we investigated differences in heat tolerance and cold tolerance among l. striatellus lines with variable buprofezin resistance. the lethal time for 50% of the individuals to die (lt ... | 2017 | 28595288 |
| wolbachia-induced loss of male fertility is likely related to branch chain amino acid biosynthesis and ilve in laodelphax striatellus. | wolbachia are endosymbionts that infect many species of arthropods and nematodes. wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) is the most common phenotype in affected hosts, involving embryonic lethality in crosses between wolbachia-infected males and uninfected females. the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are currently unclear. here we examine the molecular correlates of the wolbachia infection in laodelphax striatellus (fallén), an important rice pest, where embryonic le ... | 2017 | 28412513 |
| identification and characterization of laodelphax striatellus (insecta: hemiptera: delphacidae) neutral sphingomyelinase. | the neutral sphingomyelinase (nsmase) 1 homologue gene lssmase was cloned from laodelphax striatellus, a direct sap-sucker and virus vector of gramineous plants, and expressed via a bac to bac baculovirus expression system. the lssmase-enhanced green fluorescent protein fusion protein was located in the endoplasmic reticulum in a similar manner to mammalian nsmase 1. the biochemical properties of lssmase were determined in detail. the optimal ph and temperature for recombinant lssmase were 8 and ... | 2017 | 28374513 |
| multiple atp-binding cassette transporters are involved in insecticide resistance in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. | atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters are membrane-bound proteins involved in the movement of various substrates, including drugs and insecticides, across the lipid membrane. demonstration of the role of human abc transporters in multidrug resistance has led to speculation that they might be an important mechanism controlling the fate of insecticides in insects. however, the role of abc transporters in insects remains largely unknown. the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus fallén, ... | 2017 | 28299835 |
| imidacloprid is degraded by cyp353d1v2, a cytochrome p450 overexpressed in a resistant strain of laodelphax striatellus. | cytochrome p450s are associated with the metabolising of a wide range of compounds, including insecticides. cyp353d1v2 has been found to be overexpressed in an imidacloprid-resistant strain of laodelphax striatellus. thus, this study was conducted to express cyp353d1v2 in sf9 cells as a recombinant protein, to assess its ability to metabolise imidacloprid. | 2017 | 28296046 |
| comparative analysis of the transcriptional responses to low and high temperatures in three rice planthopper species. | the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens, bph), white-backed planthopper (sogatella furcifera, wbph) and small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus, sbph) are important rice pests in asia. these three species differ in thermal tolerance and exhibit quite different migration and overwintering strategies. to understand the underlying mechanisms, we sequenced and compared the transcriptome of the three species under different temperature treatments. we found that metabolism-, exoskeleton- and ... | 2017 | 28214356 |
| adaptability of small brown planthopper to four rice cultivars using life table and population projection method. | in this study, we evaluated the adaptability of the small brown planthopper (sbph), laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae) to four rice cultivars including shengdao13 (sd13), shengdao14 (sd14), shengdao15 (sd15), and zixiangnuo (zxn) using the age-stage, two-sex life table with a simplified method for recording egg production (i.e., every five days vs. daily). the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the sbph was the highest (0.1067 d-1) on cultivar sd15, which was similar to the rate on s ... | 2017 | 28205522 |
| molecular characterization and expression pattern of three gaba receptor-like subunits in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae). | ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba)-gated chloride channel receptors mediate rapid inhibitory neurotransmission in vertebrates and invertebrates. gaba receptors are well known to be the molecular targets of synthetic insecticides or parasiticides. three gaba receptor-like subunits, lslcch3, lsgrd and ls8916, of the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén), a major insect pest of crop systems in east asia, had been identified and characterized in this study. all three genes were ... | 2017 | 28187828 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals the response of iron homeostasis to early feeding by small brown planthopper in rice. | it has been documented that planthopper attacks change iron (fe) content of rice plants. to investigate whether planthopper attacks change rice fe homeostasis at the molecular level, the response of rice fe homeostasis to early feeding by small brown planthopper (sbph) was examined by transcriptome profiling. results showed that the concentration of fe and nicotianamine decreased in resistant rice genotype and increased in susceptible rice genotype after attack by sbph. transcriptome profiling s ... | 2017 | 28112511 |
| cross-resistance to three phenylpyrazole insecticides and a2'n mutation detection of gaba receptor subunit in fipronil-resistant laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae). | laodelphax striatellus (fallén) is an important pest of crops in east asia. over the past decade, phenylpyrazole insecticides, which target the insect gaba receptor, have increasingly been used as alternatives against rice planthoppers. | 2017 | 27943653 |
| resistance monitoring and cross-resistance patterns of three rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens, sogatella furcifera and laodelphax striatellus to dinotefuran in china. | three rice planthoppers, brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, white-backed planthopper, sogatella furcifera and small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus, are important pests of cultivated rice in tropical and temperate asia. they have caused severe economic loss and developed resistance to insecticides from most chemical classes. dinotefuran is the third neonicotinoid which possesses a broad spectrum and systemic insecticidal activity. we determined the susceptibility of dinotefuran to ... | 2016 | 27914544 |
| multiple cis-acting elements involved in up-regulation of a cytochrome p450 gene conferring resistance to deltamethrin in smal brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén). | as well as arising from single point mutations in binding sites or detoxifying enzymes, it is likely that insecticide resistance mechanisms are frequently controlled by multiple genetic factors, resulting in resistance being inherited as a quantitative trait. however, empirical evidence for this is still rare. here we analyse the causes of up-regulation of cyp6fu1, a monoxygenase implicated in resistance to deltamethrin in the rice pest laodelphax striatellus. the 5'-flanking region of this gene ... | 2016 | 27590347 |
| [resistance risk, cross-resistance and biochemical resistance mechanism of laodelphax striatellus to buprofezin]. | in order to investigate the resistance development law and biochemical resistance mechanism of laodelphax striatellus to buprofezin, spraying rice seedlings was used to continuously screen resistant strains of l. striatellus and dipping rice seedlings was applied to determine the toxicity and cross-resistance of l. striatellus to insecticides. after 32-generation screening with buprofezin, l. striatellus developed 168.49 folds resistance and its reality heritability (h2) was 0.11. if the killing ... | 2016 | 27228617 |
| mechanisms of resistance to insecticides targeting rdl gaba receptors in planthoppers. | lindane and cyclodienes, such as dieldrin and α-endosulfan, represent the first generation of noncompetitive antagonists (ncas) against the insect rdl gaba receptor. it has been reported that a2's and a2'g mutations in the membrane-spanning region m2 of the rdl gaba receptor confer resistance to lindane and cyclodienes. fipronil is a second-generation nca, but a2's and a2'g mutations provide a low level of cross-resistance to fipronil. moreover, a novel a2'n mutation that confers fipronil resist ... | 2017 | 27000517 |
| genetic and biochemical mechanisms of rice resistance to planthopper. | this article presents a comprehensive review on the genetic and biochemical mechanisms governing rice-planthopper interactions, aiming to contribute substantial planthopper control and facilitate breeding for resistance to planthoppers in rice. the rice planthopper is the most destructive pest of rice and a substantial threat to rice production. the brown planthopper (bph), white-backed planthopper (wbph) and small brown planthopper (sbph) are three species of delphacid planthoppers and importan ... | 2016 | 26979747 |
| geographic variation of diapause and sensitive stages of photoperiodic response in laodelphax striatellus fallén (hemiptera: delphacidae). | large numbers of the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (hemiptera: delphacidae) occur in temperate regions, causing severe losses in rice, wheat, and other economically important crops. the planthoppers enter diapause in the third- or fourth-instar nymph stage, induced by short photoperiods and low temperatures. to investigate the geographic variation in l. striatellus diapause, we compared the incidence of nymphal diapause under various constant temperature (20 and 27 °c) ... | 2016 | 26839318 |
| omics-based comparative transcriptional profiling of two contrasting rice genotypes during early infestation by small brown planthopper. | the small brown planthopper (sbph) is one of the destructive pests of rice. although different biochemical pathways that are involved in rice responding to planthopper infestation have been documented, it is unclear which individual metabolic pathways are responsive to planthopper infestation. in this study, an omics-based comparative transcriptional profiling of two contrasting rice genotypes, an sbph-resistant and an sbph-susceptible rice line, was assessed for rice individual metabolic pathwa ... | 2015 | 26633389 |
| differential interactions of 5-(4-piperidyl)-3-isoxazolol analogues with insect γ-aminobutyric acid receptors leading to functional selectivity. | γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptors (gabars) mediate fast inhibitory synaptic transmission and are also targets for drugs and insecticides. to better understand the molecular interactions of ligands with the orthosteric sites of gabars, we examined 4-aryl/arylalkyl-5-(4-piperidyl)-3-isoxazolol, 4-aryl-5-(4-piperidyl)-3-isothiazolol, and 5-aryl-4-(4-piperidyl)-1-hydroxypyrazole for their antagonism with regard to three insect gabars. the 3-isoxazolol was preferable to the 3-isothiazolol and 1-hy ... | 2015 | 26453818 |
| constitutive overexpression of cytochrome p450 associated with imidacloprid resistance in laodelphax striatellus (fallén). | imidacloprid is a principal insecticide for controlling rice planthoppers worldwide. resistance to imidacloprid has been reported in a field population of laodelphax striatellus. the present work was conducted to study the molecular mechanisms of imidacloprid resistance. | 2016 | 26395964 |
| susceptibility of sogatella furcifera and laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae) to six insecticides in china. | the whitebacked planthopper, sogatella furcifera (horváth), and small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén), both are important crop pests throughout china, especially in rice. application of chemical insecticides is the major control practice. consequently, insecticide resistance has become an urgent issue. in this study, resistance levels to six conventional insecticides were evaluated for these two species collected from major occurring areas of china. additionally, imidacloprid- ... | 2014 | 26309282 |
| knockdown of the ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (gabar) rdl gene decreases fipronil susceptibility of the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae). | insect γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (gabars) are important molecular targets of cyclodiene and phenylpyrazole insecticides. previously gabars encoding rdl (resistant to dieldrin) genes responsible for dieldrin and fipronil resistance were identified in various economically important insect pests. in this study, we cloned the open reading frame cdna sequence of rdl gene from fipronil-susceptible and fipronil-resistant strains of laodelphax striatellus (lsrdl). sequence analysis confirmed the pre ... | 2015 | 25808850 |
| take-off time of the first generation of the overwintering small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus in the temperate zone in east asia. | overseas migration of the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén), occurs during the winter wheat harvest season in east asia. knowing the take-off time of emigrating l. striatellus is crucial for predicting such migrations with a simulation technique because winds, carriers of migratory insects, change continuously. several methods were used in china and japan from late may to early june 2012 and again in 2013 to identify the precise timing of take-off. these methods included: ... | 2015 | 25780936 |
| cytochrome p450 cyp4de1 and cyp6cw3v2 contribute to ethiprole resistance in laodelphax striatellus (fallén). | laodelphax striatellus fallén (hemiptera: delphacidae), a destructive pest of rice, has developed high resistance to multiple insecticides, threatening the success of pest management programmes. the present study investigated ethiprole resistance mechanisms in a field population that is highly resistant to ethiprole. that population was used to establish a laboratory population that was subjected to further selection to produce a resistant strain. target genes were cloned and compared between th ... | 2015 | 25693611 |
| study of the long-distance migration of small brown planthoppers laodelphax striatellus in china using next-generation sequencing. | the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus) is a widespread insect pest of rice in east asia. previous studies have shown the long-distance migrations undertaken by l. striatellus, but have not provided molecular evidence to support this. | 2016 | 25684265 |
| evidence for high dispersal ability and mito-nuclear discordance in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. | understanding dispersal ability in pest species is critical for both theoretical aspects of evolutionary and population biology and from a practical standpoint, such as implementing effective forecasting systems. the small brown planthopper (sbph), laodelphax striatellus (fallén), is an economically important pest, but few data exist on its dispersal ability. here, we used mitochondrial and nuclear markers to elucidate the population genetic structure of sbph and of the parasitic bacterium wolba ... | 2015 | 25622966 |
| effects of two pesticides, tzp and jgm, on reproduction of three planthopper species, nilaparvata lugens stål, sogatella furcifera horvath, and laodelphax striatella fallén. | three planthopper species, the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens stål, the white-backed planthopper (wbph), sogatella furcifera horvath, and the small brown planthopper (sbph), laodelphax striatella fallén, often co-occur in rice grown regions of china. the present investigation examined effects of two pesticides, triazophos (tzp) and jinggangmycin (jgm) (a fungicide), on reproduction of bph, wbph, and sbph. the results showed that tzp stimulated the fecundity of the three planthopper ... | 2014 | 25307466 |
| identification and characterization of micrornas in small brown planthopper (laodephax striatellus) by next-generation sequencing. | micrornas (mirnas) are endogenous non-coding small rnas that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and are thought to play critical roles in many metabolic activities in eukaryotes. the small brown planthopper (laodephax striatellus fallén), one of the most destructive agricultural pests, causes great damage to crops including rice, wheat, and maize. however, information about the genome of l. striatellus is limited. in this study, a small rna library was constructed from a ... | 2014 | 25057821 |
| bio-effects of near-zero magnetic fields on the growth, development and reproduction of small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus and brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | magnetic fields markedly affect the growth and development of many species of organisms potentially due to cryptochrome and endogenous presence of magnetic materials. sensitivity to magnetic fields can also be involved in geomagnetic orientation by some long-distance migratory insects. in this study, near-zero magnetic fields (nzmf) in relation to normal geomagnetic fields (gmf) were setup using the hypomagnetic field space system (hmfs) to investigate the effects of magnetic fields on the growt ... | 2014 | 24995837 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the putative halloween gene phantom from the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus. | ecdysteroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone plays fundamental roles in insect postembryonic development and reproduction. several cytochrome p450 mono-oxygenases (cyps), encoded by the halloween genes, have been documented to be involved in ecdysteroidogenesis in representative insects in diptera, lepidoptera and orthoptera. here the putative halloween gene phantom (phm, cyp306a1) from a hemipteran insect species, the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus, was cloned. lsphm shows five insect ... | 2015 | 24954278 |
| a halloween gene shadow is a potential target for rna-interference-based pest management in the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus. | laodelphax striatellus is an economically important rice pest in china. ecdysteroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone regulates insect development and reproduction. the cytochrome p450 monooxygenase shadow (sad) plays a critical role in ecdysteroidogenesis. here, tests were conducted to establish whether lssad was a potential target gene for rna-interference-based management of l. striatellus. | 2015 | 24648012 |
| small brown planthopper resistance loci in wild rice (oryza officinalis). | host-plant resistance is the most practical and economical approach to control the rice planthoppers. however, up to date, few rice germplasm accessions that are resistant to the all three kinds of planthoppers (1) brown planthopper (bph; nilaparvata lugens stål), (2) the small brown planthopper (sbph; laodelphax striatellus fallen), and (3) the whitebacked planthopper (wbph, sogatella furcifera horvath) have been identified; consequently, the genetic basis for host-plant broad spectrum resistan ... | 2014 | 24504629 |
| feeding-induced interactions between nilaparvata lugens and laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae): effects on feeding behavior and honeydew excretion. | using electrical penetration graph, salivary flange, and honeydew measurement, this study investigated the effects of feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions on feeding behavior and honeydew excretion of brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) compared with small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus). results showed that many measures of feeding behavior were affected by feeding-induced intra- and interspecific interactions on two different rice varieties. there were significan ... | 2013 | 24331608 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of sogatella furcifera (horváth) and a comparative mitogenomic analysis of three predominant rice planthoppers. | the white-backed planthopper (wbph), sogatella furcifera (horváth), is one of the most destructive pests of rice crops in many asian countries. using long-pcr and shotgun library methods, we sequenced the entire mitochondrial genomes (mt-genomes) of two wbph individuals. total lengths of the mt-genome of the two wbph individuals were 16,612 bp and 16,654 bp with an identical at content of 76.19%. among the 13 protein coding genes (pcgs), only nad5 used an atypical initiation codon gtg. most of t ... | 2014 | 24120898 |
| use of a dietary exposure system for screening of insecticidal compounds for their toxicity to the planthopper laodelphax striatellus. | we developed a dietary exposure assay for screening insecticidal compounds for their toxicity and for assessing the side effects of insecticidal proteins produced by genetically engineered (ge) plants on the planthopper laodelphax striatellus fallén. the fitness bioassay confirmed that the diet fulfills the requirements to be used in the dietary exposure system. to validate the efficacy of the dietary exposure system, nymphs of l. striatellus were fed diets treated with different concentrations ... | 2014 | 24115524 |
| biochemical and molecular characterisation and cross-resistance in field and laboratory chlorpyrifos-resistant strains of laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae) from eastern china. | laboratory selection is often employed in resistance mechanism studies because field-derived populations commonly do not have high enough resistance for such studies. in the present study, a field-collected laodelphax striatellus population from eastern china was laboratory selected for chlorpyrifos resistance and susceptibility, and the developed strains, along with a field population, were studied for cross-resistance and resistance mechanisms at biochemical and molecular levels. | 2014 | 24115461 |
| male killing caused by a spiroplasma symbiont in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. | spiroplasma-mediated late male killing was found in the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. female-biased colonies (maternal lines, n = 4) were established from planthoppers collected in taiwan and japan. this sex ratio distortion was maternally inherited (sex ratio of total number of progenies [female:male]: 488:0 in f1, 198:7 in f2, 407:0 in f3; likelihood ratio test of all generations, p < 0.0001) and caused by male death during nymphal stages. the female-biased colonies were dou ... | 2013 | 23975837 |
| high temperature determines the ups and downs of small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus population. | small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén) numbers usually drop sharply in the summer and revive quickly in the autumn. however, it is unclear whether and how the high temperature plays a role in this process. the effects of durations of heat exposure (33°c) on life-history traits were examined here. exposure of adults for 1 day during the oviposition stage led to a very low survival of nymphs. the average longevity of l. striatellus exposed for 1-31 days from oviposition was signi ... | 2013 | 23955890 |
| various infection status and molecular evidence for horizontal transmission and recombination of wolbachia and cardinium among rice planthoppers and related species. | wolbachia and cardinium are widely distributed and are considered important for their ability to disturb reproduction and affect other fitness-related traits of their hosts. by using multilocus sequence typing (mlst), rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and 16s ribosomal dna gene sequencing methods, we extensively surveyed wolbachia and cardinium infection status of four predominant rice planthoppers and one kind of leafhopper in different rice fields. the results demonstrated that s ... | 2013 | 23955885 |
| a functional study of two dsrna binding protein genes in laodelphax striatellus. | one of the key limiting factors for using rna interference technology to develop new pest control practices is the toxicological effectiveness. in order to explore potential methods to improve the efficiency of rnai in insects, we cloned two dsrna binding proteins from laodelphax striatellus and investigated their functions. | 2013 | 23828787 |
| the complete mitochondrial genomes of two rice planthoppers, nilaparvata lugens and laodelphax striatellus: conserved genome rearrangement in delphacidae and discovery of new characteristics of atp8 and trna genes. | nilaparvata lugens (the brown planthopper, bph) and laodelphax striatellus (the small brown planthopper, sbph) are two of the most important pests of rice. up to now, there was only one mitochondrial genome of rice planthopper has been sequenced and very few dependable information of mitochondria could be used for research on population genetics, phylogeographics and phylogenetic evolution of these pests. to get more valuable information from the mitochondria, we sequenced the complete mitochond ... | 2013 | 23799924 |
| development and preliminary application of a triplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for evaluating predation on three planthoppers in a rice ecosystem. | a multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed to simultaneously detect the dna of three rice planthoppers, that is, sogatella furcifera (horváth) (white-backed planthopper), nilaparvata lugens (stål) (brown planthopper) and laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (small brown planthopper), in the gut of their predators. the sets of primers and allglo probes were targeted to the regions of internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) genes in nuclear ribosomal dna (rdna). ... | 2013 | 23711378 |
| identification and biochemical characterization of laodelphax striatellus neutral ceramidase. | ceramidases are a group of enzymes that catalyse hydrolysis of ceramides to generate fatty acid and sphingosine. in this study, we report the cloning and characterization of the rice small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus neutral ceramidase (ncdase), lsncer. lsncer was identified by sequencing the transcriptome of l. striatellus and is a protein of 717 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 79.3 kda. similarly to other known ncdases, the optimum ph for lsncer is 8.0 and the opt ... | 2013 | 23601004 |
| effect of temperature on the development of laodelphax striatellus (homoptera: delphacidae). | temperature has a significant influence on the development of laodelphax striatellus (fallén), an important rice pest insect in east asia. we set eight constant temperatures from 18 to 32 degrees c in 2 degrees c-increments to check the effect of temperature on the developmental rate of this insect species. the developmental durations of eggs and nymphs were observed daily. to ensure the accuracy of developmental durations, 500 initial samples were taken for the nymphal stage at each temperature ... | 2013 | 23448021 |
| resistance monitoring and assessment of resistance risk to pymetrozine in laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae). | laodelphax striatellus (fallén) is a major pest of cultivated rice. pymetrozine, a pyridine azomethine compound, represents a novel insecticide with a selective activity against sucking pests. the resistance of l. striatellus to thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, chlorpyrifos, and pymetrozine in five field populations, collected from jiangsu, anhui, and zhejiang in china, was monitored from 2009 to 2011 in laboratory. all the populations kept susceptible to minor resistance to thiamethoxam and nitenpyram ... | 2012 | 23356079 |
| diversity of planthoppers associated with the winter rice agroecosystems in southern yunnan, china. | a field survey of the overwintering planthoppers (hemiptera: delphacidae) associated with the rice agroecosystems in southern yunnan was carried out during january-february in 2010 and 2011. 22 species of planthoppers were collected and identified, with one species representing the subfamily stenocraninae and the other 21 species in delphacinae. nycheuma cognatum (muir), peregrinus maidis (ashmead), and pseudosogata vatrenus (fennah) were new provincial records for yunnan. the pest species, soga ... | 2012 | 22958347 |
| competitive antagonism of insect gaba receptors by iminopyridazine derivatives of gaba. | a series of 4-(6-imino-3-aryl/heteroarylpyridazin-1-yl)butanoic acids were synthesized and examined for antagonism of gaba receptors from three insect species. when tested against small brown planthopper gaba receptors, the 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl and the 2-naphthyl analogues showed complete inhibition of gaba-induced fluorescence changes at 100 μm in assays using a membrane potential probe. against common cutworm gaba receptors, these analogues displayed approximately 86% and complete inhibiti ... | 2012 | 22925448 |
| morphology, distribution, and abundance of antennal sensilla of male and female macropterous and brachypterous small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the antennal sensilla of both genders of macropterous and brachypterous adults of the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (hemiptera: delphacidae) were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. scanning electron microscopy revealed seven types of antennal sensilla in adult l. striatellus which were not evenly distributed on all antennal segments. sensilla chaetica, a sensillum campaniformium and a böhm bristle were found on the scape. sensilla chaetica, sensilla ... | 2012 | 22767352 |
| development and characterization of nine polymorphic microsatellites for the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatellus (hemiptera: delphacidae). | nine microsatellite loci were isolated from the genome of laodelphax striatellus (homoptera: delphacidae) by constructing (tc)(6)(ac)(5) and (ag)(6)(ac)(5) compound ssr-enriched libraries using suppression-pcr procedures. these loci were found to be highly polymorphic, with 13 to 30 alleles per locus in the three populations that we investigated (jiangsu, shandong and zhejiang). the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.255 to 0.833 and 0.392 to 0.929, respectively. these microsat ... | 2012 | 22653602 |
| identification and expression profiles of nine glutathione s-transferase genes from the important rice phloem sap-sucker and virus vector laodelphax striatellus (fallén) (hemiptera: delphacidae). | glutathione s-transferases (gsts) have received considerable attention in insects for their roles in insecticide resistance. laodelphax striatellus (fallén) is a serious rice pest. l. striatellus outbreaks occur frequently throughout eastern asia. a key problem in controlling this pest is its rapid adaptation to numerous insecticides. in this research, nine cdnas encoding gsts in l. striatellus were cloned and characterised. | 2012 | 22522784 |
| ecdysone receptor controls wing morphogenesis and melanization during rice planthopper metamorphosis. | in this study, we cloned full-length ecr cdnas from the small brown planthopper laodelphgax striatellus, the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens and the white back planthopper sogatella furciferas. this is the first reporting of ecrs from either l. striatellus or s. furciferas. the deduced amino acid sequences of the ecrs show high levels of similarity to each other. the highest transcriptional level of the ecr gene was detected in the mid-fifth instar nymphs of n. lugens. silencing of ecr expr ... | 2012 | 22326762 |
| influence of pymetrozine on feeding behaviors of three rice planthoppers and a rice leafhopper using electrical penetration graphs. | pymetrozine reportedly inhibits feeding of plant sap-sucking insects, such as aphids and brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens (stål)). by using electrical penetration graph (epg), this study was conducted to investigate any differential effect of pymetrozine on the feeding behaviors of four major rice sap-sucking insect species, 1) n. lugens, 2) white-backed planthopper (sogatella furcifera (horváth)), 3) small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus (fallen)), and 4) green rice leafhopper (n ... | 2011 | 22299348 |
| cross-resistance and possible mechanisms of chlorpyrifos resistance in laodelphax striatellus (fallén). | laodelphax striatellus (fallén) is a major pest of cultivated rice and is commonly controlled in china with the organophosphate insecticides. to develop a better resistance management strategy, a chlorpyrifos-resistant strain of l. striatellus was selected in the laboratory, and its cross-resistance to other insecticides and possible mechanisms of the chlorpyrifos resistance were investigated. | 2010 | 20582994 |
| molecular cloning of a gaba receptor subunit from laodelphax striatella (fallén) and patch clamp analysis of the homo-oligomeric receptors expressed in a drosophila cell line. | a cdna encoding a gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptor subunit was cloned from the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatella. the l. striatella gaba receptor subunit was found to have high amino acid sequence similarity to the bd-type splice variant of the drosophila gaba receptor rdl subunit and several other gaba receptor subunits, with identities of over 70%. the cdna was inserted into the expression vector pac5.1-lac-hygro. clonal cell lines stably expressing homo-oligomeric l. striat ... | 2007 | 18093001 |
| cloning and characterization of a beta3 tubulin cdna from the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus. | | 2005 | 15859520 |
| probing stimulants from the rice plant towards the smaller brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (fallen) (homoptera: delphacidae). | when adult males of the smaller brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus were fed on 2% crude rice (leaf and stem) extract containing 15% sucrose there were characteristic stylet sheaths deposited on parafilm membrane. further bioassays with the butanol-soluble fr. of the extract revealed that it is highly effective for the insects. when the butanol fr. was charged on an ods open column and eluted in sequence with 20, 40 and 100% methanol in water, the ods-40% methanol fr. was shown as the most ... | 2015 | 11204184 |