| genetic variability of the g glycoprotein gene of human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been associated with respiratory illnesses like those caused by human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infection. similar to other pneumoviruses, genetic diversity has been reported for hmpv. little information is currently available on the genetic variability of the g glycoprotein (g), which is the most variable gene in rsv and avian pneumovirus. the complete nucleotide sequences of the g open reading frame (orf) of 24 canadian hmpv isolates were determined. p ... | 2004 | 15297494 |
| human metapneumovirus and severity of respiratory syncytial virus disease. | we screened 23 children with severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease and 23 children with mild rsv disease for human metapneumovirus (hmpv). although hmpv was circulating in connecticut, none of the 46 rsv-infected patients tested positive for hmpv. in our study population, hmpv did not contribute to the severity of rsv disease. | 2004 | 15324559 |
| sequence analysis of the large polymerase (l) protein of the us strain of avian metapneumovirus indicates a close resemblance to that of the human metapneumovirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the large polymerase (l) protein of the avian metapneumovirus subgroup c strain colorado was determined. the l protein gene of avian pneumovirus colorado isolate (apv-c) was 6173 nucleotides in length from the gene-start to the gene-end and encoded a polypeptide of 2005 amino acids in length. the length of the l protein of apv-c was exactly the same as that of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and one amino acid longer than the l protein of apv subgroup a. the l pr ... | 2004 | 15325081 |
| serological cross-reactivity of members of the metapneumovirus genus. | respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered respiratory pathogen of the paramyxovirus family in the metapneumovirus genus. hmpv was first isolated from young children in the netherlands with respiratory illness similar to human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. epidemiological data indicates that hmpv co-circulates with rsv in the community. few immunological tools are available to study t ... | 2004 | 15325082 |
| human metapneumovirus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | | 2004 | 15338546 |
| human metapneumovirus in children with bronchiolitis or pneumonia in new zealand. | to confirm the presence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in new zealand and establish its prevalence in selected paediatric patient groups. | 2004 | 15367150 |
| human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized danish children with acute respiratory tract infection. | the newly discovered human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been shown to be associated with respiratory illness. we determined the frequencies and clinical features of hmpv and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in 374 danish children with 383 episodes of acute respiratory tract infection (arti). study material comprised routine nasopharyngeal aspirates obtained during 2 winter seasons (november-may) 1999-2000 and 2001-2002 from children hospitalized at the departments of paediatrics, hvido ... | 2004 | 15370669 |
| human metapneumovirus: a new pathogen in children and adults. | in 2001, human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was discovered in young children with respiratory tract infection of unknown origin. in the two years since its discovery the dinical characteristics of this new virus have been darified. in children, especially those younger than one year of age, hmpv is responsible for 5 to 10% of respiratory tract infections requiring hospitalisation; its clinical course is somewhat milder, but otherwise indistinguishable from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. ... | 2004 | 15460495 |
| the influenza surveillance program in western australia, 2003. | in the winter of 2003 western australia experienced its largest epidemic of influenza for at least five years, with activity peaking in august and september. the season was short resulting in very high numbers of cases during the peak weeks. activity in country areas followed the peak of metropolitan activity. influenza a virus was detected in 28.3 per cent of the sentinel samples, and influenza b in less than one per cent. both routine and sentinel detections and the overall estimates of influe ... | 2004 | 15460952 |
| life-threatening human metapneumovirus pneumonia requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a preterm infant. | we present the first report in the literature of a child with human metapneumovirus pneumonia who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for survival. this was a 3-month-old premature boy from british columbia, canada, who developed severe respiratory failure, experienced failure of high-frequency oscillatory mechanical ventilation, and required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for 10 days. this case illustrates the importance of including this newly discovered pathogen among th ... | 2004 | 15466079 |
| [respiratory infections due to metapneumovirus in hospitalized infants]. | human metapneumovirus (hpmv) is a recently identified virus that is recognized as a cause of respiratory tract illness in the pediatric population. | 2004 | 15469804 |
| prospective study of human metapneumovirus infection in children less than 3 years of age. | most lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) in children under the age of 3 years are due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). epidemiological, host, and viral factors eventually account for the severity of lrtis, but they do not completely explain it. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was recently identified in children with lrtis. in a population-based prospective multicenter study (the pri.de study, conducted in germany over 2 years), we tested 3,369 nasopharyngeal secretions from children you ... | 2004 | 15472321 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus in children over two seasons with a high incidence of respiratory infections in brazil. | acute respiratory infections (ari) are one of the most important causes of death in children. human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a virus first described in 2001, has now been detected in almost all continents. hmpv causes bronchiolitis and pneumonia with a clinical spectrum similar to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). we describe the incidence of hmpv and rsv during two consecutive seasons with a high incidence of ari in aracaju, brazil. hmpv was responsible for 24% of cases of bronchiolitis in the ... | 2004 | 15479570 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus in two tunisian children. | | 2004 | 15479580 |
| new variant of the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) associated with an acute and severe exacerbation of asthma bronchiale. | recently, an increasing number of studies demonstrated that the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) causes mild to severe respiratory infections in children and immunosuppressed adults, and may be a frequent but somewhat undervalued pathogen. here, we report the detection of a new variant of hmpv that is not closely related to the hmpv strains described until now. the strain was detected in a 6.5-year-old girl with an acute and severe exacerbation of asthma bronchiale triggered by an infection with a n ... | 2004 | 15494270 |
| [human metapneumovirus--new identified virus infecting human respiratory tract]. | some information regarding some characteristics of new identified virus, causing human respiratory diseases (named human metapneumovirus--hmpv) has been written. moreover, areas of existing, frequency of infections, the possibility of diagnosis have been included. this virus has been isolated and identified by dutch researcher, van den hoogen, for the first time in 2001. it is suggested that hmpv belongs to paramyxoviridae family, pneumovirinae subfamily, metapneumovirus genus, but it has not be ... | 2004 | 15517813 |
| [human metapneumovirus pneumonia in an adult patient hospitalized for suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars)]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified virus responsible for occasionally severe respiratory infections, mainly observed in children. | 2004 | 15523245 |
| [treatment of bronchial asthma exacerbation]. | the purpose of this study was to present the actual possibilities of bronchial asthma exacerbation control. the role of viral infection, especially, human metapneumovirus infection may be a leading cause of disease exacerbation in children population. prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux had been detected in 24% of asthmatic patients, in some cases as a cause of asthma exacerbation. glucocorticosteroid therapy is accepted as cardinal in asthma exacerbation, but some adverse effects create a con ... | 2004 | 15524010 |
| use of the p gene to genotype human metapneumovirus identifies 4 viral subtypes. | this study, conducted during 2001-2003, undertook the screening of patients with acute infectious respiratory-tract disease. a random selection of positive specimens was used for sequencing studies of the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) nucleoprotein gene and the phosphoprotein (p) gene. australian and international sequences were compared, and a global classification scheme was developed. the hmpv p gene was an ideal molecular target for the detection and genotyping of hmpv. the region contained c ... | 2004 | 15529254 |
| recombinant human metapneumovirus lacking the small hydrophobic sh and/or attachment g glycoprotein: deletion of g yields a promising vaccine candidate. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has recently been identified as a significant cause of serious respiratory tract disease in humans. in particular, the emerging information on the contribution of hmpv to pediatric respiratory tract disease suggests that it will be important to develop a vaccine against this virus for use in conjunction with those being developed for human respiratory syncytial virus and the human parainfluenza viruses. a recently described reverse genetic system (s. biacchesi, m. h. ... | 2004 | 15542640 |
| laboratory diagnosis and surveillance of human respiratory viruses by pcr in victoria, australia, 2002-2003. | respiratory viruses were identified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in more than 4,200 specimens collected during 2002 and 2003 in victoria, australia from patients admitted to hospitals or participating in an influenza surveillance program. influenza viruses and picornaviruses were important causes of morbidity in both years. additional testing of picornavirus-positive samples suggested that rhinoviruses but not enteroviruses were more likely to be associated with respiratory symptoms, i ... | 2005 | 15543580 |
| impact of human metapneumovirus in childhood: comparison with respiratory syncytial virus and influenza viruses. | this study evaluated the overall impact of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection in 1,505 children and their households, and compared it with infections due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza viruses. nasopharyngeal swabs were used at enrollment to collect specimens for the detection of hmpv, rsv, and influenza virus rna by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). hmpv was detected in 42 children (2.8%), rsv in 143 (9.5%; p < 0.0001 vs. hmpv), and influenza viru ... | 2005 | 15543589 |
| viral etiology of acute respiratory tract infections in children presenting to hospital: role of polymerase chain reaction and demonstration of multiple infections. | viral lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of hospitalization for young children. | 2004 | 15545854 |
| pathology of human metapneumovirus infection: insights into the pathogenesis of a newly identified respiratory virus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered human virus that causes significant respiratory infections. pathologic features of hmpv infection have not been described. a total of 1257 pediatric respiratory samples submitted for routine clinical virologic testing were additionally tested for hmpv by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (pcr). pathology specimens, available in 6 of 53 hmpv-positive patients, were examined by light and electron microscopy and included 6 bronchoa ... | 2004 | 15547771 |
| human metapneumovirus persists in balb/c mice despite the presence of neutralizing antibodies. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has emerged as an important human respiratory pathogen causing upper and lower respiratory tract infections in young children and older adults. recent epidemiological evidence indicates that hmpv may cocirculate with respiratory syncytial virus, and hmpv infection has been associated with other respiratory diseases. in this study, we show that balb/c mice are susceptible to hmpv infection, the virus replicates in the lungs with biphasic growth kinetics in which peak ... | 2004 | 15564507 |
| human metapneumovirus: a newly described respiratory tract pathogen. | human metapneumovirus is an emerging human respiratory pathogen first discovered in 2001. it clinically resembles respiratory syncytial virus, can cause both upper and lower tract disease, and has been associated with serious illness in the young, among the immunosuppressed, and in the chronically ill. cough and congestion are frequently reported, and respiratory failure may occur. initial infection occurs during early childhood, and repeated infections throughout life impart only transient immu ... | 2004 | 15575039 |
| human metapneumovirus as a major cause of human respiratory tract disease. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified paramyxovirus that appears to be one of the most significant and common viral infections in humans. the virus, first isolated in 2001, is a clear cause of lower respiratory tract disease in both the very young and the frail elderly. the virus causes acute wheezing in children or, less commonly, croup or pneumonia. | 2004 | 15577576 |
| practical implementation of a multiplex pcr for acute respiratory tract infections in children. | molecular testing for acute respiratory infections (aris) has documented value but limited implementation due to questions that typically slow the acceptance of new tests. this study sought to address these questions and achieve implementation. rhinovirus was added to a nested multiplex pcr (m-pcr), increasing its diagnostic yield. over one winter, three hospital pediatric departments used the m-pcr to complement their direct fluorescent-antibody assay (dfa) for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) ... | 2004 | 15583287 |
| early reinfection with human metapneumovirus in an infant. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is one of the major pathogens of respiratory illness. reinfection with hmpv occurs frequently throughout life. we describe an infant who was infected with two different hmpv strains during a period of only 1 month. | 2004 | 15583349 |
| first detection of human metapneumovirus in children with acute respiratory infection in india: a preliminary report. | | 2004 | 15583354 |
| wheezing during the first year of life: is it asthma? | | 2004 | 15591659 |
| monoclonal antibodies versus reverse transcription-pcr for detection of respiratory viruses in a patient population with respiratory tract infections admitted to hospital. | in the winter season 2001-2002, 239 nasopharyngeal aspirate and 15 bronchoalveolar lavage samples from 208 patients (135 pediatric and 73 adults, including 19 lung transplant recipients) admitted to hospital because of an acute respiratory tract infection were examined for rapid diagnosis of respiratory viruses by two diagnostic approaches: immunological, using specific monoclonal antibodies (mab); and molecular, using specific reverse transcription (rt)-pcr assays. both methods detected influen ... | 2005 | 15602736 |
| characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus hku1, from patients with pneumonia. | despite extensive laboratory investigations in patients with respiratory tract infections, no microbiological cause can be identified in a significant proportion of patients. in the past 3 years, several novel respiratory viruses, including human metapneumovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (sars-cov), and human coronavirus nl63, were discovered. here we report the discovery of another novel coronavirus, coronavirus hku1 (cov-hku1), from a 71-year-old man with pneumonia ... | 2005 | 15613317 |
| dual infection of infants by human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus is strongly associated with severe bronchiolitis. | the association between severe bronchiolitis and dual infection by human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) was investigated in <2-year-old infants with bronchiolitis who were admitted to the hospital during the 2001-2002 winter season. hmpv in nasopharyngeal aspirate and/or cells and fluid collected by nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). hrsv was detected in nasopharyngeal aspirate and ... | 2004 | 15633097 |
| analysis of replication kinetics of the human metapneumovirus in different cell lines by real-time pcr. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is associated with acute respiratory tract disease especially in young children. using a quantitative real-time taqman pcr, we analyzed the replication kinetics of hmpv in different cell lines. our results indicate that hmpv replicates slightly more efficiently in llc-mk2 than in vero cells and poorly in hep-2 cells. | 2005 | 15635023 |
| expression of recombinant small hydrophobic protein for serospecific detection of avian pneumovirus subgroup c. | the small hydrophobic (sh) gene of the avian pneumovirus (apv) colorado isolate (co), which belongs to subgroup c (apv/c), was expressed with a baculovirus vector. the recombinant sh protein was evaluated as a potential subgroup-specific diagnostic reagent in order to differentiate infections resulting from apv/c from those induced by apv/a, apv/b, and human metapneumovirus (hmpv). when the recombinant baculovirus was used to infect insect cells, a 31- to 38-kda glycosylated form of the sh prote ... | 2005 | 15643005 |
| immunofluorescence assay for detection of human metapneumovirus-specific antibodies by use of baculovirus-expressed fusion protein. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has recently been identified as an etiological agent of acute respiratory infections. the hmpv fusion (f) protein has been indicated to be a major antigenic determinant that mediates effective neutralization and protection against hmpv infection. we developed a new immunofluorescence assay (ifa) using trichoplusia ni (tn5) insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus-expressing hmpv f protein (bac-f ifa). a total of 200 serum samples from japanese people 1 mo ... | 2005 | 15643008 |
| office pediatrics: current issues in lower respiratory infections in children. | recent estimates indicate that 1.9 million children worldwide die each year from acute respiratory illnesses, many of which are lower respiratory infections (lris). global threats from indoor and outdoor air pollution, urban crowding, biologic weapons, and worldwide rapid transportation complicate our efforts to reduce the impact of lri disease in children. as new strategies are developed to limit the spread of lri disease in children, existing pathogens become more complex to treat and newer pa ... | 2005 | 15659972 |
| development and validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human metapneumovirus serology based on a recombinant viral protein. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly reported respiratory virus belonging to the paramyxoviridae family that has been associated with bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children. we developed a simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for hmpv serological testing using the nucleoprotein (n) from group a or b (n-a or n-b) as the antigen, and we evaluated it in both children and adults. the n proteins were first used in a western immunoblot assay to identify hmpv-negative sera, wh ... | 2005 | 15699418 |
| a host-range restricted parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) expressing the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) fusion protein elicits protective immunity in african green monkeys. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection causes respiratory tract disease similar to that observed during human respiratory syncytial virus infection (hrsv). hmpv infections have been reported across the entire age spectrum although the most severe disease occurs in young children. no vaccines, chemotherapeutics or antibodies are presently available for preventing or treating hmpv infections. in this study, a bovine/human chimeric parainfluenza virus type 3 (b/h piv3) expressing the human parainfl ... | 2005 | 15705469 |
| human metapneumovirus. | | 2005 | 15720926 |
| newer respiratory virus infections: human metapneumovirus, avian influenza virus, and human coronaviruses. | recently, several previously unrecognized respiratory viral pathogens have been identified and several influenza a virus subtypes, previously known to infect poultry and wild birds, were transmitted to humans. here we review the recent literature on these respiratory viruses. | 2005 | 15735418 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus antigens in nasopharyngeal secretions by an immunofluorescent-antibody test. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered pathogen associated with respiratory tract infections, primarily in young children, immunocompromised individuals, and elderly individuals. reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) has been reported to be a more sensitive method for the diagnosis of hmpv infections than virus isolation by culture and serological study. however, there has been no report on rapid methods, such as an immunofluorescent-antibody test or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent as ... | 2005 | 15750074 |
| seroepidemiology of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) on the basis of a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing hmpv fusion protein expressed in recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified human respiratory virus now recognized as a major respiratory pathogen of infants and children. to define the seroepidemiology of hmpv, we developed a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on expression of the fusion protein of hmpv (hmpv f) in recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). western blot analysis using an hmpv f-specific antiserum confirmed the expression of hmpv in recombinant vsv. the elisa is specific for hmpv f ... | 2005 | 15750086 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus rna sequences in nasopharyngeal aspirates of young french children with acute bronchiolitis by real-time reverse transcriptase pcr and phylogenetic analysis. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was the unique viral pathogen detected by a real-time reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) assay in 6 (6.4%) of 94 consecutive french children hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis from september 2001 to june 2002. this virus was identified as the third etiological cause of bronchiolitis, after respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus (35 [37%] and 21 [22%] of 94 cases, respectively). phylogenetic analysis of f-gene sequences demonstrated the cocirculation of distinct ... | 2005 | 15750120 |
| human metapneumovirus rna in encephalitis patient. | we describe a fatal case of encephalitis that might be correlated with primary human metapneumovirus (hmpv) encephalitis. postmortem hmpv rna was detected in brain and lung tissue samples from the patient. furthermore, hmpv rna was found in culture fluids from cells coincubated with lung tissue. | 2005 | 15757568 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: high-resolution computed tomography findings. | to review the high-resolution computed tomography (ct) findings in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hct) recipients who had proven human metapneumovirus (hmpv) pneumonia. | 2005 | 15772541 |
| frequency of human metapneumovirus in the upper respiratory tract of children with symptoms of an acute otitis media. | | 2005 | 15772811 |
| seasonality and clinical features of human metapneumovirus infection in children in northern alberta. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) causes respiratory tract infections in all age groups. the characteristics of pediatric hmpv infection in northern alberta have not been studied. the objectives of this study were to determine the seasonality of pediatric hmpv infections over a 13-month period, the genetic relationship of hmpv isolates to hmpv detected in other parts of canada, and the burden of illness and possible risk factors for pediatric hmpv hospitalization. detection of hmpv by polymerase chai ... | 2005 | 15778961 |
| development of a cotton rat-human metapneumovirus (hmpv) model for identifying and evaluating potential hmpv antivirals and vaccines. | hispid cotton rats were inoculated with two different human metapneumovirus (hmpv) subtype a strains and one subtype b hmpv. although no overt disease was seen in any virus-inoculated animal, following an eclipse phase, significant pulmonary virus titers were observed in every hmpv-inoculated animal through day 7 post virus inoculation (p.i.) and in most through day 10. peak virus titers occurred four days p.i., while virus-induced histopathology was most evident in lung sections obtained from a ... | 2005 | 15781133 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus in clinical samples by immunofluorescence staining of shell vial centrifugation cultures prepared from three different cell lines. | monoclonal antibody mab-8 was evaluated for detection of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in shell vial centrifugation cultures (svcc). detection of hmpv was similar in a549, hep-2, and llc-mk2 svcc, and mab-8 staining was optimal on day 2 postinoculation. availability of svcc for hmpv will be of significant benefit to clinical laboratories. | 2005 | 15815029 |
| human metapneumovirus-associated respiratory tract infections in the republic of ireland during the influenza season of 2003-2004. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified paramyxovirus that has been associated with respiratory tract illness in children aged < 5 years, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients. this study determined the frequency of respiratory tract infections (rtis) associated with hmpv in the republic of ireland. bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) samples from 168 adult patients and respiratory specimens from 122 children aged < 5 years were collected between september 2003 and may 2004. the virus ... | 2005 | 15819862 |
| identification of a truncated nucleoprotein in avian metapneumovirus-infected cells encoded by a second aug, in-frame to the full-length gene. | avian metapneumoviruses (ampv) cause an upper respiratory disease with low mortality, but high morbidity primarily in commercial turkeys. there are three types of ampv (a, b, c) of which the c type is found only in the united states. viruses related to ampv include human, bovine, ovine, and caprine respiratory syncytial viruses and pneumonia virus of mice, as well as the recently identified human metapneumovirus (hmpv). the ampv and hmpv have become the type viruses of a new genus within the met ... | 2005 | 15826312 |
| respiratory viral infections in patients with chronic, obstructive pulmonary disease. | the purpose of the present study was to apply reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) assays to clinical specimens collected from patients with acute respiratory illness and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). | 2005 | 15845430 |
| human metapneumovirus: an important cause of respiratory disease in children and adults. | human metapneumovirus is a paramyxovirus that was discovered in 2001 in the netherlands. epidemiologic studies have shown it to be a major cause of acute respiratory tract disease in normal infants and children worldwide, with a seasonal occurrence and spectrum of clinical illness most similar to the closely related respiratory syncytial virus. the greatest prevalence of severe disease requiring hospitalization in otherwise healthy children appears to be in those aged between 6 and 12 months, ol ... | 2005 | 15847723 |
| development of three multiplex rt-pcr assays for the detection of 12 respiratory rna viruses. | three multiplex hemi-nested rt-pcr assays were developed to detect simultaneously 12 rna respiratory viruses: influenza viruses a, b and c, human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), parainfluenza virus types 1-4 (piv-1, -2, -3 and -4), human coronavirus oc43 and 229e (hcov) and rhinovirus (hrv). an internal amplification control was included in one of the rt-pcr assays. the rt-pcr multiplex 1 and the hemi-nested multiplex 1 detected 1 and 0.1 tcid50 of rsv a, respec ... | 2005 | 15847919 |
| the immune response to human metapneumovirus is associated with aberrant immunity and impaired virus clearance in balb/c mice. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), recently identified in isolates from children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract illness, is associated with clinical diagnosis of pneumonia, asthma exacerbation, and acute bronchiolitis in young children. hmpv has been shown to cocirculate with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and mediate clinical disease features similarly to rsv. little is known regarding the pathophysiology or immune response associated with hmpv infection; thus, animal models are needed ... | 2005 | 15857983 |
| deletion of m2 gene open reading frames 1 and 2 of human metapneumovirus: effects on rna synthesis, attenuation, and immunogenicity. | the m2 gene of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) contains two overlapping open reading frames (orfs), m2-1 and m2-2. the expression of separate m2-1 and m2-2 proteins from these orfs was confirmed, and recombinant hmpvs were recovered in which expression of m2-1 and m2-2 was ablated individually or together [rdeltam2-1, rdeltam2-2, and rdeltam2(1+2)]. each m2 mutant virus directed efficient multicycle growth in vero cells. the ability to recover hmpv lacking m2-1 contrasts with human respiratory sync ... | 2005 | 15890897 |
| [epidemiology of human metapneumovirus in respiratory tract diseases of children: preliminary results]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified agent responsible for respiratory tract infections in children, especially before one year of age. a prospective epidemiological study is underway to better define the spectrum of the disease in france. | 2005 | 15893242 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in adults with and without respiratory illness. | reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) is a powerful tool that allows the detection of minute quantities of viral rna. because of the sensitivity of these assays it is possible that the finding of viral rna indicates not only active infection but also transient colonization or residual nucleic acid from a distant infection. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are two viruses for which rt-pcr is now frequently used for diagnosis in adult disease. | 2006 | 15919236 |
| immune response and alteration of pulmonary function after primary human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection of balb/c mice. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a recently identified virus, causes upper and lower respiratory tract diseases. in this study, we show that balb/c mice inoculated with hmpv exhibited significant morbidity on 1--2 days post-infection, when airway obstruction was found. increased airway hyper-responsiveness to metacholine was found on day 4 concurrent with lung viral replication. both igg1 and igg2a hmpv-specific antibodies were found in sera, while interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and interleukin-4 (il ... | 2005 | 15927322 |
| [human metapneumovirus respiratory infections]. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently decribed virus, belonging to the family paramyxoviridae, isolated from the respiratory tract of patients of all ages, but mostly in young children. epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and therapy of infections from hmpv are briefly discussed. | 2005 | 15929610 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in children hospitalized for wheezing. | | 2005 | 15940152 |
| rapid human metapneumovirus microneutralization assay based on green fluorescent protein expression. | we describe a simple and expedited microneutralization assay for human metapneumovirus virus (hmpv) based on a recombinant hmpv expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (rhmpv-gfp). test serum dilutions were incubated with fixed amounts of rhmpv-gfp and inoculated onto vero cells, and the growth of non-neutralized rhmpv-gfp was visualized by fluorescent microscopy of living cells. a preliminary titer could be determined following 3 days of incubation. gfp expression was sufficient to be ... | 2005 | 15955576 |
| two rt-pcr based assays to detect human metapneumovirus in nasopharyngeal aspirates. | two sensitive and specific rt-pcr assays were standardised for testing the presence of human metapneumovirus. a total of 300 nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from infants suffering from bronchiolitis since october 2000 to june 2003 and shown previously as negative to common respiratory viruses were examined. matrix and polymerase viral genes, which show a low rate of variation, were chosen to design amplification assays to ensure that any genotype of the human metapneumovirus could be detected ... | 2005 | 15961167 |
| limited inter- and intra-patient sequence diversity of the genetic lineage a human metapneumovirus fusion gene. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is associated with respiratory tract illness especially in young children. two hmpv genetic lineages, a and b, and four sublineages a1, a2 and b1, b2 have been defined. infection with hmpv occurs through membrane fusion mediated by the hmpv fusion (f) protein. in this study, the inter- and intra-patient genetic diversity of the lineage a hmpv f gene was investigated. ten isolates were collected from 10 hmpv infected children. viral rna was isolated and amplified, and ... | 2005 | 15965613 |
| changing circulation rate of human metapneumovirus strains and types among hospitalized pediatric patients during three consecutive winter-spring seasons. brief report. | from 2001 through 2004, 808 pediatric patients admitted to hospital because of acute respiratory infections were examined for presence of respiratory viruses by either direct fluorescent staining using monoclonal antibodies or rt-pcr during three consecutive winter-spring seasons. on the whole, 336 (42%) patients were detected as positive for one or more respiratory viruses. the most widely circulating virus was human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infecting 50% of positive patients, followe ... | 2005 | 15986171 |
| comparison of 9 different pcr primers for the rapid detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus using 2 rna extraction methods. | the sensitivity and specificity of various severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) pcr primer and probe sets were evaluated through the use of commercial kits and in-house amplification formats. conventional and real-time pcr assays were performed using a heat-block thermocycler abi 9600, the roche lightcycler version 1.2, or the abi 7000 sequence detection system. the sensitivity of all primers was between 0.0004 and 0.04 pfu with viral cell lysate and between 0.004 and 0.4 pfu ... | 2005 | 15994050 |
| diagnosis of human metapneumovirus and rhinovirus in patients with respiratory tract infections by an internally controlled multiplex real-time rna pcr. | adequate laboratory diagnosis of human rhinoviruses (hrv) and human metapneumoviruses (h mpv) requires molecular methods as viral culture lacks sensitivity. however, setting up individual pcrs for all respiratory viruses is not practical so preferentially multiplex pcrs are used. | 2005 | 15994117 |
| pathogenesis of human metapneumovirus lung infection in balb/c mice and cotton rats. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly described member of the paramyxoviridae family causing acute respiratory tract infections, especially in young children. we studied the pathogenesis of this viral infection in two experimental small animal models (balb/c mice and cotton rats). significant viral replication in the lungs of both animals was found following an intranasal challenge of 10(8) 50% tissue culture infectious doses (tcid50) and persisted for <2 and <3 weeks in the case of cotton rat ... | 2005 | 15994783 |
| clinical impact of community-acquired respiratory viruses on bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplant. | community-acquired viral respiratory tract infections (rti) in lung transplant recipients may have a high rate of progression to pneumonia and can be a trigger for immunologically mediated detrimental effects on lung function. a cohort of 100 patients was enrolled from 2001 to 2003 in which 50 patients had clinically diagnosed viral rti and 50 were asymptomatic. all patients had nasopharyngeal and throat swabs taken for respiratory virus antigen detection, culture and rt-pcr. all patients had pu ... | 2005 | 15996256 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus from children with acute otitis media. | nasal and middle ear specimens collected from children with acute otitis media were subjected to viral isolation and bacteria culture. all virus-negative specimens underwent reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to detect human metapneumovirus. three of 126 middle ear specimens were positive by this assay. | 2005 | 15999017 |
| rapid detection of human metapneumovirus strains in nasopharyngeal aspirates and shell vial cultures by monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies to human metapneumovirus (hmpv) were developed for direct fluorescent antibody (dfa) staining of nasopharyngeal aspirates from 40 infants with respiratory infections, as well as for hmpv identification in shell vial cultures. with reference to reverse transcription-pcr, dfa staining showed sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 73.9%, 94.1%, 94.4%, and 72.7%, respectively. monoclonal antibodies are useful for direct hmpv detection. | 2005 | 16000473 |
| human metapneumovirus genetic variability, south africa. | the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) were characterized for a 3-year period (2000-2002) from viruses that were identified in south africa. two major genetic groups (a and b) and 2 subgroups (1 and 2) of hmpv were identified, as well as 2-6 possible genotypes within the subgroups. a shift in the predominant group was documented in successive seasons. whereas the f gene was relatively conserved between subgroups, a high degree of variation was observ ... | 2005 | 16022783 |
| detection and pathogenicity of human metapneumovirus respiratory infection in pediatric italian patients during a winter--spring season. | some diagnostic, epidemiological and clinical features of the recently discovered human metapneumovirus remain to be investigated. | 2006 | 16023411 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in adults with community-acquired pneumonia and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | we tested nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens by real-time polymerase chain reaction assays and paired serum samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. acute human metapneumovirus infections were identified in 6 (4.1%) of 145 adult patients who presented to the emergency department for pneumonia or acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during 2 winter/spring seasons in quebec, canada. | 2005 | 16028158 |
| detection and quantification of human metapneumovirus in pediatric specimens by real-time rt-pcr. | human metapneumovirus (h mpv), a recently identified virus, causes respiratory illness in children. | 2005 | 16036180 |
| few but severe viral infections in children with cancer: a prospective rt-pcr and pcr-based 12-month study. | treatment of low-risk febrile episodes with oral administered antibiotics at home is a new approach in pediatric oncology and protective isolation is loosened in more centers. the impact of viral respiratory infections in febrile diseases in this population is still unclear in terms of occurrence and morbidity. | 2005 | 16047356 |
| activity and regulation of alpha interferon in respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus experimental infections. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) cause a similar spectrum of respiratory infections in humans. classified within the paramyxoviridae family, pneumovirinae subfamily, rsv and hmpv present a significant degree of divergence in genome constellation, organization, and protein sequences. rsv has been reported to be a poor inducer of alpha/beta interferons (ifn-alpha/beta) and partially resistant to its antiviral activity. the nature of the innate immune response to h ... | 2005 | 16051812 |
| an s101p substitution in the putative cleavage motif of the human metapneumovirus fusion protein is a major determinant for trypsin-independent growth in vero cells and does not alter tissue tropism in hamsters. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a recently described paramyxovirus, is a major etiological agent for lower respiratory tract disease in young children that can manifest with severe cough, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. the hmpv fusion glycoprotein (f) shares conserved functional domains with other paramyxovirus f proteins that are important for virus entry and spread. for other paramyxovirus f proteins, cleavage of a precursor protein (f0) into f1 and f2 exposes a fusion peptide at the n terminus o ... | 2005 | 16051860 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in children with acute respiratory infections in yemen. | a survey of 604 yemeni children younger than 2 years with acute respiratory infections identified respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in 244 (40%), human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in 41 (7%) and rsv/hmpv coinfection in 25 (4%) children. rsv infections occurred in younger children and were associated with more severe hypoxia than observed with hmpv. both viruses are important causes of severe acute respiratory infection in yemen. | 2005 | 16094233 |
| the clinical presentation and outcomes of children infected with newly identified respiratory tract viruses. | numerous emerging respiratory tract viruses have been identified as significant causes of acute upper and lower respiratory tract illness in children. human metapneumovirus is a paramyxovirus discovered in 2001 in the netherlands, with a seasonal occurrence and spectrum of clinical illness most similar to the closely related respiratory syncytial virus. several new members of the corona-virus family have been identified, including the truly novel agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome and ot ... | 2005 | 16102649 |
| the cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) is a permissive small animal model of human metapneumovirus infection, pathogenesis, and protective immunity. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly described paramyxovirus that is an important cause of acute respiratory tract disease. we undertook to develop a small animal model of hmpv infection, pathogenesis, and protection. hamsters, guinea pigs, cotton rats, and nine inbred strains of mice were inoculated intranasally with hmpv. the animals were sacrificed, and nasal and lung tissue virus yields were determined by plaque titration. none of the animals exhibited respiratory symptoms. the quantity o ... | 2005 | 16103146 |
| detection of severe human metapneumovirus infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction and histopathological assessment. | infections with common respiratory tract viruses can cause high mortality, especially in immunocompromised hosts, but the impact of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in this setting was previously unknown. | 2005 | 16107959 |
| a prospective study comparing human metapneumovirus with other respiratory viruses in adults with hematologic malignancies and respiratory tract infections. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described paramyxovirus associated with upper and lower respiratory-tract infection (uri and lri, respectively). we conducted a prospective study of uri and lri in adults with hematologic malignancies during a 4-year period. we retrospectively tested samples by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for hmpv and analyzed clinical data. twenty-two (9%) of 251 episodes of respiratory infection tested positive for hmpv. sixteen (73%) of the illnes ... | 2005 | 16107960 |
| characterization of viral agents causing acute respiratory infection in a san francisco university medical center clinic during the influenza season. | with use of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and a centrifugation-enhanced viral culture method, we characterized the viruses causing acute respiratory infection in adults during an influenza season. | 2005 | 16107980 |
| production and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against human metapneumovirus f protein. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) f protein promotes fusion of viral and cell membranes, and is thought to be a major antigenic determinant that mediates effective neutralization and protection against hmpv infection. in this paper, the development of two mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) by immunization with hmpvinfected cells is described. immunofluorescence assay (ifa) using hmpv f protein-expressing cells indicated that two mabs, designated 1g3 and 9b10, recognized hmpv f protein. both mabs were ... | 2005 | 16120026 |
| human metapneumovirus infection plays an etiologic role in acute asthma exacerbations requiring hospitalization in adults. | we determined the prevalence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection in adults with asthma who were prospectively enrolled after hospitalization for an acute asthma exacerbation. nasal wash specimens collected at admission and 3 months after discharge were tested for hmpv by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. hmpv was detected in 7 (6.9%) of 101 subjects at hospitalization and in 1 (1.3%) of 75 subjects at follow-up (odds ratio, 7 [95% confidence interval, 0.9-31 ... | 2005 | 16136455 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in mexico: epidemiological and clinical characteristics. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described respiratory rna virus that mainly affects children. to date there has not been a report that describes the detection of this virus in mexico. this study was performed to detect hmpv in hospitalized mexican children with respiratory infections, and describe their epidemiological and clinical characteristics. nasal wash samples from 558 children younger than 3 years of age with the admission diagnosis of a respiratory tract infection were ev ... | 2005 | 16157552 |
| [sars, avian influenza, and human metapneumovirus infection]. | beginning in the 1950s respiratory viruses have been gradually discovered by isolation in cell cultures the last were the coronaviruses in the 1960s. no new respiratory viruses were discovered until 2001 when human metapneumovirus was found in respiratory specimens from children with bronchiolitis. a year later, in november 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) suddenly appeared as atypical pneumonia. a novel virus belonging to the coronaviridae family was found to be a cause of this in ... | 2005 | 16159544 |
| infection of nonhuman primates with recombinant human metapneumovirus lacking the sh, g, or m2-2 protein categorizes each as a nonessential accessory protein and identifies vaccine candidates. | recombinant human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in which the sh, g, or m2 gene or open reading frame was deleted by reverse genetics was evaluated for replication and vaccine efficacy following topical administration to the respiratory tract of african green monkeys, a permissive primate host. replication of the deltash virus was only marginally less efficient than that of wild-type hmpv, whereas the deltag and deltam2-2 viruses were reduced sixfold and 160-fold in the upper respiratory tract and 3,200 ... | 2005 | 16160190 |
| prospective study of the incidence, clinical features, and outcome of symptomatic upper and lower respiratory tract infections by respiratory viruses in adult recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants for hematologic malignancies. | respiratory viruses (rvs) are known to be major causes of morbidity and mortality in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants (hscts), but prospective long-term studies are lacking. we prospectively screened all adult hsct recipients (172 allogeneic [allohsct] and 240 autologous [autohsct]) who underwent transplantation during a 4-year period (1999 to 2003) for the development of a first episode of symptomatic upper respiratory tract infections and/or lower respiratory tract infections ... | 2005 | 16182179 |
| perspective on the host response to human metapneumovirus infection: what can we learn from respiratory syncytial virus infections? | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered pathogen first identified in respiratory specimens from young children suffering from clinical respiratory syndromes ranging from mild to severe lower respiratory tract illness. hmpv has worldwide prevalence, and is a leading cause of respiratory tract infection in the first years of life, with a spectrum of disease similar to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the disease burden associated with hmpv infection has not been fully elucidated; h ... | 2006 | 16182587 |
| human metapneumovirus in infants and young children in thailand with lower respiratory tract infections; molecular characteristics and clinical presentations. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently identified paramyxovirus. the clinical features and molecular characteristics of hmpv in asian populations have so far remained obscure. | 2006 | 16183133 |
| prevalence of human metapneumovirus and influenza virus infections among japanese children during two successive winters. | human metapneumoviruses (hmpvs) are recognized as a leading cause of respiratory infections in young infants in many countries. the objective of this study was to identify links between hmpv and influenza virus infections among children with influenza-like illness. | 2005 | 16220090 |
| [human metapneumovirus]. | | 2005 | 16238929 |
| [human metapneumovirus--virologic and diagnostic aspects]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a pathogenic respiratory virus, discovered in 2001. the virus is part of the family paramyxoviridae and is comparatively closely related to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the clinical manifestations of a hmpv infection are rather similar to infections caused by rsv, ranging from mild upper airway disease to severe pneumonia. detection of hmpv rna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is the only established routine diagnostic method. the virus is easily cultivate ... | 2005 | 16244676 |
| [human metapneumovirus--occurrence and clinical significance]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was isolated for the first time in 2001 from young children with acute respiratory tract infection. | 2005 | 16244677 |
| epidemiological survey of human metapneumovirus infection in a large pediatric tertiary care center. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was recently identified and linked to acute respiratory tract infections (arti). to assess the clinical importance of this virus in infants and children, we developed a rapid and efficient reverse transcription-pcr-based screening method for a large volume of samples and tested retrospectively a collection of 1,132 respiratory specimens submitted over a full year period to the virology laboratory of a large tertiary care pediatric center in montreal, canada. a to ... | 2005 | 16272480 |
| a wild goose metapneumovirus containing a large attachment glycoprotein is avirulent but immunoprotective in domestic turkeys. | the genomic structure and composition of an avian metapneumovirus (ampv) recently isolated from wild canada geese (goose 15a/01) in the united states, together with its replication, virulence, and immunogenicity in domestic turkeys, were investigated. the sizes of seven of the eight genes, sequence identity, and genome organization of goose ampv were similar to those of turkey ampv subtype c (ampv/c) strains, indicating that it belonged to the subtype. however, the goose virus contained the larg ... | 2005 | 16282483 |