| gene expression analysis of clams ruditapes philippinarum and ruditapes decussatus following bacterial infection yields molecular insights into pathogen resistance and immunity. | the carpet shell clam (ruditapes decussatus) and manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum), which are cultured bivalve species with important commercial value, are affected by diseases that result in large economic losses. because the molecular mechanism of the immune response of bivalves, especially clams, is scarce and fragmentary, we have examined all expressed sequence tags (est) resources available in public databases for these two species in order to increase our knowledge on genes related wit ... | 2011 | 21756933 |
| cytosolic thioredoxin from ruditapes philippinarum: molecular cloning, characterization, expression and dna protection activity of the recombinant protein. | thioredoxin (trx) is a small redox protein that plays significant roles in protection against oxidative stress and in cell homeostasis by maintaining oxidized proteins in a reduced state. here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a full-length trx cdna sequence from manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum and named it as rptrx. the full length sequence consists of 1416bp with an open reading frame of 318bp encoding for 106 amino acids. rptrx protein harbors evolutionarily-conserved tr ... | 2011 | 21740925 |
| characterization of a novel molluscan myd88 family protein from manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum. | myeloid differentiation factor 88 (myd88) is a universal adaptor protein which is required for signal transduction of tlr/il-1r family. in this study, a novel molluscan myd88 family member protein (named as rpmyd88) was identified from manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum. it was identified using blast algorithm from gs-flx™ sequencing data. the cdna of rpmyd88 consists of 1416 bp open reading frame (orf) encoding 471 amino acid residues. the rpmyd88 contains death domain and toll/interleukin-1 ... | 2011 | 21846503 |
| involvement of nitric oxide in the in vitro interaction between manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum, hemocytes and the bacterium vibrio tapetis. | the manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum can become infected by the bacterium vibrio tapetis which causing the brown ring disease along north european atlantic coasts. variations in clam immune parameters have been reported in clam challenged with v. tapetis but no studies have been done on nitric oxide (no) production. no is a toxic agent to pathogens produced mostly by immune cells such as hemocytes in invertebrates. in this study, we demonstrated that no production in hemolymph and extrapalli ... | 2011 | 22019825 |
| perkinsosis in the clams ruditapes decussatus and r. philippinarum in the northeastern atlantic and mediterranean sea: a review. | perkinsosis is a disease of gastropod and bivalve molluscs caused by protozoan parasites of the perkinsus genus. these parasites have been responsible for mass mortalities worldwide, with a significant impact in both fisheries and aquaculture, and resulting in severe economic losses. this review focuses mainly on current knowledge of diagnostic methods and on the distribution of perkinsus spp. in the northeastern atlantic and mediterranean sea, which infect the grooved carpet shell clam ruditape ... | 2015 | 26239015 |
| infection prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of perkinsus olseni in ruditapes philippinarum from east china. | the prevalence of perkinsus sp. infection in manila clam ruditapes philippinarum was investigated in the coastal areas of east china. thirteen groups of clams were collected from 5 sites: dandong and qingdao bays (yellow sea), weifang bay (bohai sea), and ningbo and fuzhou bays (east china sea). the clams were tested for perkinsosis infection using ray's fluid thioglycollate medium culture assay. perkinsus sp. was found in samples from all 5 sites from may 2008 to may 2009. infection prevalence ... | 2011 | 21991665 |
| a novel molluscan sigma-like glutathione s-transferase from manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum: cloning, characterization and transcriptional profiling. | glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are versatile enzymes, act as primary intracellular detoxifiers and contribute to a broad range of physiological processes including cellular defense. in this study, a full-length cdna representing a novel sigma-like gst was identified from manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum (rpgstσ). rpgstσ (884bp) was found to possess an open reading frame of 609bp. the encoded polypeptide (203 amino acids) had a predicted molecular mass of 23.21kda and an isoelectric point ... | 2012 | 22245757 |
| mitochondrial thioredoxin-2 from manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum) is a potent antioxidant enzyme involved in antibacterial response. | thioredoxin (trx) is a ubiquitous protein involved in the regulation of multiple biological processes. the trx-2 isoform is exclusively expressed in mitochondria, where it contributes to mitochondrial redox state maintenance. in the present study, a novel thioredoxin-2 gene was identified in the manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum. the full-length sequence of rptrx-2 (1561bp) consists of a 498bp coding region encoding a 166 amino acid protein. the n-terminal region of rptrx-2 harbors a mitochon ... | 2012 | 22248533 |
| paternally transmitted mitochondria express a new gene of potential viral origin. | mitochondrial orfans (open reading frames having no detectable homology and with unknown function) were discovered in bivalve molluscs with doubly uniparental inheritance (dui) of mitochondria. in these animals, two mitochondrial lineages are present, one transmitted through eggs (f-type), the other through sperm (m-type), each showing a specific orfan. in this study, we used in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry to provide evidence for the expression of ruditapes philippinarum male-spec ... | 2014 | 24500970 |
| characterization of the secretomes of two vibrios pathogenic to mollusks. | vibrio tapetis causes the brown ring disease in the japanese clam ruditapes philippinarum while vibrio aestuarianus is associated with massive oyster mortalities. as extracellular proteins are often associated with the virulence of pathogenic bacteria, we undertook a proteomic approach to characterize the secretomes of both vibrios. the extracellular proteins (ecps) of both species were fractionated by sec-fplc and in vitro assays were performed to measure the effects of each fraction on hemocyt ... | 2014 | 25401495 |
| experimental challenges of wild manila clams with perkinsus species isolated from naturally infected wild manila clams. | manila clams, ruditapes philippinarum, are widely harvested in the coastal waters in japan. however, there have been significant decreases in the populations of manila clams since the 1980s. it is thought that infection with the protozoan perkinsus species has contributed to these decreases. a previous study demonstrated that high infection levels of a pure strain of perkinsus olseni (atcc pra-181) were lethal to hatchery-raised small manila clams, however, the pathogenicity of wild strain perki ... | 2012 | 22687350 |
| identification and characterization of a novel phage-type like lysozyme from manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum. | a novel lysozyme gene (rplysph) with high similarity to the bacteriophage lysozymes was identified in manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum. the full length cdna of rplysph is 828bp and contains a 462bp open reading frame (orf) that codes for a 154 amino acid protein. multiple sequence alignment analysis revealed that the three residues essential for catalytic activity in phage-type lysozyme (glu(20), asp(29), and thr(35)) are conserved in rplysph. the comparison of the 3d models of rplysph and c ... | 2014 | 24995730 |
| microbiological composition of native and exotic clams from tagus estuary: effect of season and environmental parameters. | the influence of seasonal and environmental parameters on the occurrence of bacteria was investigated in two clam species (venerupis pullastra and ruditapes philippinarum), water and sediment from the tagus estuary. total viable counts (tvc), escherichia coli, salmonella spp. and vibrio spp. were evaluated during one-year. overall, significant seasonal variations were found in both sampling sites, especially for e. coli and vibrio spp. levels. in summer, significantly higher vibrio spp. levels w ... | 2013 | 23896404 |
| expression profile of cystatin b ortholog from manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum) in host pathology with respect to its structural and functional properties. | cystatins are a well-characterized group of cysteine protease inhibitors, which play crucial roles in physiology and immunity. in the present study, an invertebrate ortholog of cystatin b was identified in manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum) (rpcytb) and characterized at the molecular level, demonstrating its inhibitory activity against the well-known cysteine protease, papain. the complete coding sequence of rpcytb (297 bp in length) encodes a 99 amino acid peptide with a calculated molecular ... | 2013 | 23528873 |
| interactive effects of metal contamination and pathogenic organisms on the introduced marine bivalve ruditapes philippinarum in european populations. | in natural environment, marine organisms are concomitantly exposed to pollutants and multiple disease agents resulting in detrimental interactions. the present study evaluated interactive effects of metal contamination (cadmium) and pathogenic organisms (trematode parasites himasthla elongata and pathogenic bacteria vibrio tapetis) singularly and in combination on the bivalve ruditapes philippinarum, an introduced species to europe, under laboratory controlled conditions. after 7 days, metal bio ... | 2010 | 20800936 |
| vibrio atlanticus sp. nov. and vibrio artabrorum sp. nov. isolated from clams ruditapes philippinarum and r. decussatus. | facultative anaerobic marine bacteria isolated from cultured clams ruditapes decussatus and ruditapes philippinarum were previously investigated using aflp and 16s rrna gene sequences analyses. the isolates formed two aflp clusters and belonged to the genus vibrio, more precisely to the splendidus clade. in this study, phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of the housekeeping genes rpoa, rpod, pyrh, atpa and reca supported their inclusion in that clade forming two well differentiated groups w ... | 2010 | 21075909 |
| comparison of antibacterial activity in the hemolymph of marine bivalves from galicia (nw spain). | a screening study of in vitro antibacterial activity was conducted in marine bivalves with economical importance and widespread along the coast of galicia (nw spain). hemocyte lysate supernatant (hls) and plasma of mytilus galloprovincialis, ostrea edulis, crassostrea gigas, ruditapes decussatus, ruditapes philippinarum, and cerastoderma edule were incubated with vibrio splendidus and micrococcus sp. hls and plasma for all the species demonstrated antibacterial activity, and c. edule had the hig ... | 2010 | 21134379 |
| variability of shell repair in the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum affected by the brown ring disease: a microstructural and biochemical study. | for more than two decades, the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum has been regularly affected by brown ring disease (brd), an epizootic event caused by the bacterium vibrio tapetis and characterized by the development of a brown deposit on the inner face of valves. although brd infection is often lethal, some clams recover by mineralizing a new repair shell layer, which covers the brown deposit and fully isolates it from living tissues. in order to understand this specific shell repair process, ... | 2010 | 21168415 |
| spatio-temporal patterns of perkinsosis in the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum from arcachon bay (sw france). | pathogens belonging to the genus perkinsus infect many bivalve molluscan species around the world, including the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum. we investigated the spatial distribution of this parasite at 34 stations throughout arcachon bay (sw france). prevalence of perkinsosis was 93% and mean infection abundance was 96 x 10(3) cells g(-1) wet gill. lowest mean abundances were found close to the leyre river mouth and a significant negative correlation was observed between mean abundance ... | 2010 | 21387994 |
| perkinsus olseni and p. chesapeaki detected in a survey of perkinsosis of various clam species in galicia (nw spain) using pcr-dgge as a screening tool. | a survey on perkinsosis was performed involving 15 locations scattered along the galician coast (nw spain) and four clam species with high market value (ruditapes decussatus, ruditapes philippinarum, venerupis corrugata and polititapes rhomboides). the prevalence of perkinsus parasites was estimated by pcr using genus-specific primers. the highest percentage of pcr-positive cases for perkinsosis corresponded to clams r. decussatus and v. corrugata, while lower values were detected in r. philippi ... | 2016 | 26628210 |
| host-parasite interactions: marine bivalve molluscs and protozoan parasites, perkinsus species. | this review assesses and examines the work conducted to date concerning host and parasite interactions between marine bivalve molluscs and protozoan parasites, belonging to perkinsus species. the review focuses on two well-studied host-parasite interaction models: the two clam species, ruditapes philippinarum and r. decussatus, and the parasite perkinsus olseni, and the eastern oyster, crassostrea virginica, and the parasite perkinsus marinus. cellular and humoral defense responses of the host i ... | 2013 | 23871855 |
| protein expression profiling in haemocytes and plasma of the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum in response to infection with perkinsus olseni. | the protein expression profiling in clam haemocytes and plasma in response to perkinsus olseni was addressed. adult manila clams from a p. olseni-free bed were experimentally challenged with parasite zoospores to analyse immune response. in another experiment, the effects of longer term infection were assessed in adult clams collected from a p. olseni-affected bed, by comparing moderate to very heavily infected clams with non-infected ones. haemocyte and plasma proteins were separated by two-dim ... | 2016 | 27233620 |
| de novo transcriptome assembly of perkinsus olseni trophozoite stimulated in vitro with manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum) plasma. | the protistan parasite perkinsus olseni is a deadly causative agent of perkinsosis, a molluscan disease affecting manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum), having a significant impact on world mollusc production. deciphering the underlying molecular mechanisms in r. philippinarum-p. olseni interaction is crucial for controlling this parasitosis. the present study investigated the transcriptional expression in the parasite trophozoite using rna-seq. control and treatment (in vitro challenged with ma ... | 2016 | 26820448 |
| variable protein profiles in extracellular products of the protistan parasite perkinsus olseni among regions of the spanish coast. | the variability of the protein expression profiling in the extracellular products (ecps) of in vitro cultured perkinsus olseni deriving from 4 regions of the spanish coast was evaluated. the regions involved were the rías of arousa and pontevedra (galicia, nw spain), carreras river (andalusia, sw spain) and delta de l'ebre (catalonia, ne spain). p. olseni in vitro clonal cultures were produced from parasite isolates from four clams from each region. proteins released by the in vitro cultured par ... | 2015 | 26555510 |
| update of information on perkinsosis in nw mediterranean coast: identification of perkinsus spp. (protista) in new locations and hosts. | this study addressed perkinsosis in commercially important mollusc species in the western mediterranean area. perkinsus olseni was found in santa gilla lagoon (sardinia) infecting ruditapes decussatus, cerastoderma glaucum and venerupis aurea, in balearic islands infecting venus verrucosa and in delta de l'ebre (ne spain) parasitising ruditapes philippinarum and r. decussatus. perkinsus mediterraneus was detected infecting ostrea edulis from the gulf of manfredonia (se italy) and alacant (e spai ... | 2015 | 25553580 |
| physiological responses of manila clams venerupis (=ruditapes) philippinarum with varying parasite perkinsus olseni burden to toxic algal alexandrium ostenfeldii exposure. | manila clam stock from arcachon bay, france, is declining, as is commercial harvest. to understand the role of environmental biotic interactions in this decrease, effects of a toxic dinoflagellate, alexandrium ostenfeldii, which blooms regularly in arcachon bay, and the interaction with perkinsosis on clam physiology were investigated. manila clams from arcachon bay, with variable natural levels of perkinsosis, were exposed for seven days to a mix of the nutritious microalga t-iso and the toxic ... | 2014 | 24858898 |
| mrna-seq and microarray development for the grooved carpet shell clam, ruditapes decussatus: a functional approach to unravel host-parasite interaction. | the grooved carpet shell clam ruditapes decussatus is the autochthonous european clam and the most appreciated from a gastronomic and economic point of view. the production is in decline due to several factors such as perkinsiosis and habitat invasion and competition by the introduced exotic species, the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum. after we sequenced r. decussatus transcriptome we have designed an oligo microarray capable of contributing to provide some clues on molecular response of th ... | 2013 | 24168212 |
| one perkinsus species may hide another: characterization of perkinsus species present in clam production areas of france. | although clam populations in france are known to be infected with protozoans of the genus perkinsus, no molecular characterization was previously performed on these parasites. considering that several members of this genus have been associated with mortalities of molluscs worldwide, a study was undertaken in order to characterize these parasites in france. for that purpose, clams, ruditapes philippinarum and r. decussatus, collected from different production areas and found to be infected with p ... | 2012 | 22894895 |
| development of real-time pcr assays for discrimination and quantification of two perkinsus spp. in the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum. | the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum is infected with 2 perkinsus species, perkinsus olseni and p. honshuensis, in japan. the latter was described as a new species in mie prefecture, japan, in 2006. ray's fluid thioglycollate medium (rftm) assay has been most commonly used to quantify perkinsus infection. however, this assay cannot discriminate between species that resemble one another morphologically. we developed real-time pcr assays for the specific quantification of p. olseni and p. honsh ... | 2012 | 22832720 |
| a rapid electrochemical procedure for the detection of hg(0) produced by mercuric-reductase: application for monitoring hg-resistant bacteria activity. | in this work, gold microelectrodes are employed as traps for the detection of volatilized metallic mercury produced by mercuric reductase (mera) extracted from an hg-resistant pseudomonas putida strain fb1. the enzymatic reduction of hg (ii) to hg (0) was induced by nadph cofactor added to the samples. the amount of hg(0) accumulated on the gold microelectrode surface was determined by anodic stripping voltammetry (asv) after transferring the gold microelectrode in an aqueous solution containing ... | 2012 | 22928857 |
| gene expression profile analysis of manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum) hemocytes after a vibrio alginolyticus challenge using an immune-enriched oligo-microarray. | the manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum) is a cultured bivalve with worldwide commercial importance, and diseases cause high economic losses. for this reason, interest in the immune genes in this species has recently increased. the present work describes the construction of the first r. philippinarum microarray containing immune-related hemocyte sequences and its application to study the gene transcription profiles of hemocytes from clams infected with v. alginolyticus through a time course. | 2014 | 24708293 |
| microbiological responses to depuration and transport of native and exotic clams at optimal and stressful temperatures. | the microbiological responses of two bivalves species from tagus estuary, venerupis pullastra (native clam) and ruditapes philippinarum (exotic clam) were investigated during 48 h of depuration and subsequent simulated transport in semi-dry conditions at two temperatures (4 and 22 °c) until reaching 50% lethal time (lt50). regardless of temperature and species, the maintenance of clams in water for 48 h (depuration period) did not affect lt50 during transport. r. philippinarum showed higher surv ... | 2013 | 24010618 |
| ferritin h-like subunit from manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum): molecular insights as a potent player in host antibacterial defense. | ferritins are iron chelating proteins, which involve in iron metabolism and sequestration, contributing to the iron homeostasis in living organisms. in the present study, one ferritin subunit which was identified as h-like subunit was completely characterized in cdna and protein levels from manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum); (rpfeh). the full length cdna of rpfeh was 776 bp and it consisted of open reading frame of 513 bp, encoding a 171 amino acid peptide with a calculated molecular mass of ... | 2012 | 23198293 |
| first molluscan theta-class glutathione s-transferase: identification, cloning, characterization and transcriptional analysis post immune challenges. | glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are multifunctional cytosolic isoenzymes, distinctly known as phase ii detoxification enzymes. gsts play a significant role in cellular defense against toxicity and have been identified in nearly all organisms studied to date, from bacteria to mammals. in this study, we have identified a full-length cdna of the theta class gst from ruditapes philippinarum (rpgstθ), an important commercial edible molluscan species. rpgstθ was cloned and the recombinant protein ex ... | 2012 | 22390916 |
| occurrence of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnificus in the clam ruditapes philippinarum (adams & reeve, 1850) from emilia romagna and sardinia, italy. | marine vibrios, vibrio parahaemolyticus, v. vulnificus and v. cholerae are responsible of the majority of food-borne human infections by consumption of bivalve shellfish. the aim of the present study was to ascertain the occurrence of these bacteria, and their potential pathogenicity, in the manila clam r. philippinarum from emilia romagna (er) and sardinia (sr) regions, italy. isolation was performed on chromagar(tm) vibrio with subculture on (thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose) agar and m- ... | 2016 | 27800436 |
| development and evaluation of a rt-lamp assay for rapid detection of hepatitis e virus from shellfish. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has becoming a well known zoonotic enteric pathogen and circulated widely inter human-animal-water-food. generally, detection of the virus has relied on conventional reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) and taqman/sybr quantitative real-time rt-pcr (rt-qpcr), but these tools are usually disadvantages in time-consuming and expensive instruments required. in the present study, we report here on the development of a one-step single-tube reverse transcription-loop-mediated isot ... | 2016 | 26741532 |
| bioaccumulation efficiency, tissue distribution, and environmental occurrence of hepatitis e virus in bivalve shellfish from france. | hepatitis e virus (hev), an enteric pathogen of both humans and animals, is excreted by infected individuals and is therefore present in wastewaters and coastal waters. as bivalve molluscan shellfish are known to concentrate viral particles during the process of filter feeding, they may accumulate this virus. the bioaccumulation efficiencies of oysters (crassostrea gigas), flat oysters (ostrea edulis), mussels (mytilus edulis), and clams (ruditapes philippinarum) were compared at different time ... | 2014 | 24795382 |
| molecular and histological identification of marteilioides infection in suminoe oyster crassostrea ariakensis, manila clam ruditapes philippinarum and pacific oyster crassostrea gigas on the south coast of korea. | the oyster ovarian parasite marteilioides chungmuensis has been reported from korea and japan, damaging the oyster industries. recently, marteilioides-like organisms have been identified in other commercially important marine bivalves. in this study, we surveyed marteilioides infection in the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum, suminoe oyster crassostrea ariakensis, and pacific oyster crassostrea gigas, using histology and marteilioides-specific small subunit (ssu) rdna pcr. the ssu rdna sequen ... | 2013 | 24018168 |
| development of a taqman real-time pcr assay for rapid detection and quantification of vibrio tapetis in extrapallial fluids of clams. | the gram-negative bacterium vibrio tapetis is known as the causative agent of brown ring disease (brd) in the manila clam venerupis (=ruditapes) philippinarum. this bivalve is the second most important species produced in aquaculture and has a high commercial value. in spite of the development of several molecular methods, no survey has been yet achieved to rapidly quantify the bacterium in the clam. in this study, we developed a taqman real-time pcr assay targeting virb4 gene for accurate and q ... | 2015 | 26713238 |
| vibrio tapetis, the causative agent of brown ring disease, forms biofilms with spherical components. | vibrio tapetis is a marine bacterium causing brown ring disease (brd) in the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum. v. tapetis biofilm formation remains unexplored depite the fact that it might be linked to pathogenicity. our objectives were to characterize the in vitro biofilm formation of v. tapetis and evaluate the effects of culture conditions. biofilm structure and its matrix composition were examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. v. tapetis was able ... | 2015 | 26696991 |
| antibiofilm activity of the marine bacterium pseudoalteromonas sp. 3j6 against vibrio tapetis, the causative agent of brown ring disease. | vibrio tapetis cect4600 is a pathogenic gram-negative bacterium causing the brown ring disease in the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum. this vibriosis is induced by bacterial attachment on the periostracal lamina, yielding a decalcification of the bivalve shell. as in many bacterial species, pathogenesis is likely related to biofilm formation. the proteinaceous exoproducts of the marine bacterium pseudoalteromonas sp. 3j6 inhibit the formation of biofilm by most of the tested marine bacteria ... | 2015 | 25331987 |
| transcriptional changes in manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum) in response to brown ring disease. | brown ring disease (brd) is a bacterial infection affecting the economically-important clam ruditapes philippinarum. the disease is caused by a bacterium, vibrio tapetis, that colonizes the edge of the mantle, altering the biomineralization process and normal shell growth. altered organic shell matrices accumulate on the inner face of the shell leading to the formation of the typical brown ring in the extrapallial space (between the mantle and the shell). even though structural and functional ch ... | 2014 | 24882017 |
| a mu class glutathione s-transferase from manila clam ruditapes philippinarum (rpgstμ): cloning, mrna expression, and conjugation assays. | glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are enzymes that catalyze xenobiotic metabolism in the phase ii detoxification process. gsts have a potential for use as indicators or biomarkers to assess the presence of organic and inorganic contaminants in aquatic environments. in this study, a full-length cdna of a mu (μ) class gst (rpgstμ) was identified from manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum) and biochemically characterized. the 1356 bp of the cdna included an open reading frame of 651 bp encoding a po ... | 2014 | 24704543 |
| two molluscan bcl-2 family members from manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum: molecular characterization and immune responses. | apoptosis based immune responses are important component of host defense in mollusks. in this study, we have identified two novel molluscan bcl-2 cdnas from manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum and named as rpbcl-2a and rpbcl-2b. there were four and three highly conserved bcl-2 homology (bh) regions in rpbcl-2a and rpbcl-2b, respectively suggesting these two genes could be different isoforms of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 family. phylogenetic results revealed that manila clam bcl-2 genes were clustered ... | 2013 | 23558058 |
| differential expression of genes involved in immunity and biomineralization during brown ring disease development and shell repair in the manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum. | severe drop in manila clams production in french aquacultured fields since the end of the 1980's is associated to brown ring disease (brd). this disease, caused by the bacteria vibrio tapetis, is characterized by specific symptoms on the inner face of the shell. diseased animals develop conchiolin deposit to enrobe bacteria and form new calcified layers on the shell. suppression subtractive hybridization was performed to identify genes differentially expressed during the early interaction of v. ... | 2013 | 23500956 |
| immune response-related gene expression profile of a novel molluscan iκb protein member from manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum). | mollusks lack an adaptive immune system and rely solely on the innate immune response. the nuclear factor-kappa b (nf-κb) signaling pathway is one of the most important components of the innate immune system and its activity is regulated by physical interaction with the inhibitor of nf-κb (iκb) protein. the manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum (rp), is a key species of the world's aquaculture industry, and recent pathogenic threats, such as the gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (lps)-expressing v ... | 2013 | 23073780 |
| a manganese superoxide dismutase (mnsod) from ruditapes philippinarum: comparative structural- and expressional-analysis with copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cu/znsod) and biochemical analysis of its antioxidant activities. | superoxide dismutases (sods), antioxidant metalloenzymes, represent the first line of defense in biological systems against oxidative stress caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ros), in particular o(2)(•-). two distinct members of sod family were identified from manila clam ruditapes philippinarum (abbreviated as rpmnsod and rpcu/znsod). the structural analysis revealed all common characteristics of sod family in both rpsods from primary to tertiary levels, including three mnsod signatu ... | 2012 | 22789716 |
| transcriptomic analysis of ruditapes philippinarum hemocytes reveals cytoskeleton disruption after in vitro vibrio tapetis challenge. | the manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum, is an economically-important, commercial shellfish; harvests are diminished in some european waters by a pathogenic bacterium, vibrio tapetis, that causes brown ring disease. to identify molecular characteristics associated with susceptibility or resistance to brown ring disease, suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) analyzes were performed to construct cdna libraries enriched in up- or down-regulated transcripts from clam immune cells, hemocytes, ... | 2012 | 22450167 |
| molecular characterization and antibacterial activity of a phage-type lysozyme from the manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum. | a phage-type lysozyme, designed as rpplyz, was cloned and characterized from the clam ruditapes philippinarum. the full-length cdna of rpplyz was of 699 bp with an open reading frame (orf) of 534 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 177-amino acid with a calculated molecular mass of 19.6 kda and an isoelectric point of 9.05. multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis strongly suggested that rpplyz was a new member of the phage-type lysozyme family. the mrna transcript of rpplyz was found to be const ... | 2017 | 28365385 |
| transcriptome analysis of ruditapes philippinarum hepatopancreas provides insights into immune signaling pathways under vibrio anguillarum infection. | the manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum, is one of the most economically important aquatic clams that are harvested on a large scale by the mariculture industry in china. however, increasing reports of bacterial pathogenic diseases have had a negative effect on the aquaculture industry of r. philippinarum. in the present study, the two transcriptome libraries of untreated (termed h) and challenged vibrio anguillarum (termed hv) hepatopancreas were constructed and sequenced from manila clam usin ... | 2017 | 28267631 |
| matrix solid-phase dispersion combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of fifteen halogenated flame retardants in mollusks. | this study presents the development and validation of a new analytical method for the simultaneous determination of fifteen analytes classified as halogenated flame retardants (hfrs) - nine brominated diphenyl ethers (bdes) and six novel hfrs - in different kinds of mollusks using matrix solid-phase dispersion (mspd) followed by gas chromatography coupled to negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (gc-nci-ms). the proposed method is the first one developed for such a broad range of hfrs i ... | 2013 | 23809805 |
| differential metabolic responses of clam ruditapes philippinarum to vibrio anguillarum and vibrio splendidus challenges. | clam ruditapes philippinarum is one of the important marine aquaculture species in north china. however, pathogens can often cause diseases and lead to massive mortalities and economic losses of clam. in this work, we compared the metabolic responses induced by vibrio anguillarum and vibrio splendidus challenges towards hepatopancreas of clam using nmr-based metabolomics. metabolic responses suggested that both v. anguillarum and v. splendidus induced disturbances in energy metabolism and osmoti ... | 2013 | 24056279 |
| the immunomodulation of a maternal translationally controlled tumor protein (tctp) in zhikong scallop chlamys farreri. | translationally controlled tumor protein (tctp) is initially described as a highly conserved protein implicated in cell growth, and it is subsequently confirmed to play important roles in mediating the innate immune response, especially the inflammatory. in the present study, the full-length cdna sequence of a tctp from zhikong scallop chlamys farreri (designed as cftctp) was cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) technique based on the expression sequence tag (est) analysis. it was o ... | 2017 | 27871901 |
| trace elements in major marketed marine bivalves from six northern coastal cities of china: concentrations and risk assessment for human health. | one hundred and fifty nine samples of nine edible bivalve species (argopecten irradians, chlamys farreri, crassostrea virginica, lasaea nipponica, meretrix meretrix, mytilus edulis, ruditapes philippinarum, scapharca subcrenata and sinonovacula constricta) were randomly collected from eight local seafood markets in six big cities (dalian, qingdao, rizhao, weifang, weihai and yantai) in the northern coastal areas of china for the investigation of trace element contamination. as, cd, cr, cu, hg, p ... | 2014 | 25128644 |
| metabolomic analysis revealed the differential responses in two pedigrees of clam ruditapes philippinarum towards vibrio harveyi challenge. | manila clam ruditapes philippinarum is an important marine aquaculture shellfish. this species has several pedigrees including white, zebra, liangdao red and marine red distributing in the coastal areas in north china. in this work, we studied the metabolic differences induced by vibrio harveyi in hepatopancreas from white and zebra clams using nmr-based metabolomics. metabolic responses (e.g., amino acids, glucose, glycogen, atp and succinate) and altered mrna expression levels of related genes ... | 2013 | 24161758 |
| vibrio bivalvicida sp. nov., a novel larval pathogen for bivalve molluscs reared in a hatchery. | three isolates were obtained from cultures of carpet shell clam (ruditapes decussatus) reared in a bivalve hatchery (galicia, nw spain) from different sources: healthy broodstock, moribund larvae and the seawater corresponding to the larval tank. all isolates were studied by a polyphasic approach, including a phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated sequences of the five housekeeping genes ftsz, gyrb, pyrh, reca and rpoa. the analysis supported their inclusion in the orientalis clade of the g ... | 2016 | 26654527 |
| first multi-year retrospective study on vibrio parhaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus prevalence in ruditapes philippinarum harvested in sacca di goro, italy. | the present work describes a retrospective study aiming to verify a possible correlation between the environmental conditions (temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen), the abundance of vibrio spp., and the prevalence of v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus in the manila clam r. philippinarum harvested in sacca di goro, emilia-romagna region, northern italy. on the whole, 104 samples, collected in the period 2007-2015 and submitted to microbiological analyses (isolation and genotyping), have ... | 2016 | 28058248 |
| application of monoclonal antibody against granulocytes of scallop chlamys farreri on granulocytes occurrence at different developmental stages and antigenic cross-reactivity of granulocytes in five other bivalve species. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) 6h7 raised specifically against granulocytes of scallop (chlamys farreri) was employed to observe granulocyte occurrence successively in blastulae, gastrulae, trochophore larvae, d-shape larvae, umbo-veliger larvae and creeping larvae of c. farreri by immunohistochemistry assay contrasted with h&e stain using semi-thin sections. moreover, the reactivity of the mab with granulocytes of c. farreri, bay scallop argopecten irradians, japanese scallop patinopecten yessoens ... | 2014 | 24220003 |
| a comparative study of cellulase and hemicellulase activities of brackish water clam corbicula japonica with those of other marine veneroida bivalves. | corbicula japonica is a typical brackish water bivalve species belonging to the order veneroida, and it is the most important inland fishery resource in japan. corbicula japonica has been suggested to assimilate organic matter from terrestrial plants, unlike ruditapes philippinarum and mactra veneriformis, which selectively assimilate organic matter of marine origin. this led us to hypothesize that c. japonica, despite being a suspension feeder, could assimilate cellulosic materials derived from ... | 2009 | 19684215 |
| uptake and retention of vibrio parahaemolyticus in a cohabitating population of ruditapes decussatus and ruditapes philippinarum under experimental conditions. | the presence of vibrio parahaemolyticus in bivalve mollusc is an important cause of foodborne illnesses, and their levels are influenced by environmental changes, such as temperature and salinity. clams are common species in estuaries and are used in environmental monitoring programmes. present study compared the uptake and retention of nonpathogenic v. parahaemolyticus by two species of clam (ruditapes decussatus and r. philippinarum), cohabitating in a closed system. results showed no signific ... | 2013 | 23397223 |
| metabolic responses of clam ruditapes philippinarum exposed to its pathogen vibrio tapetis in relation to diet. | we investigated the effect of brown ring disease (brd) development and algal diet on energy reserves and activity of enzymes related to energy metabolism, antioxidant system and immunity in manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum. we found that algal diet did not impact the metabolic response of clams exposed to vibrio tapetis. at two days post-injection (dpi), activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (gpx) decreased whereas activities of nitric oxide synthase (inos) and catala ... | 2016 | 26921670 |
| p-glycoprotein and its inducible expression in three bivalve species after exposure to prorocentrum lima. | p-glycoprotein (p-gp or abcb1) belongs to the family of atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters responsible for multixenobiotic resistance (mxr) in aquatic organisms. to provide more information of p-gp in shellfish, in this study, complete cdna of p-gp in three bivalve species including ruditapes philippinarum, scapharca subcrenata and tegillarca granosa were cloned and its expressions in gill, digestive gland, adductor muscle and mantle of the three bivalves were detected after exposure to pro ... | 2015 | 26539802 |
| genetic considerations for mollusk production in aquaculture: current state of knowledge. | in 2012, world mollusk production in aquaculture reached a volume of 15,171,000 tons, representing 23% of total aquaculture production and positioning mollusks as the second most important category of aquaculture products (fishes are the first). clams and oysters are the mollusk species with the highest production levels, followed in descending order by mussels, scallops, and abalones. in view of the increasing importance attached to genetic information on aquaculture, which can help with good m ... | 2014 | 25540651 |
| infection of manila clams ruditapes philippinarum from galicia (nw spain) with a mikrocytos-like parasite. | the name 'microcells' is frequently used to refer to small-sized unicellular stages of molluscan parasites of the genera bonamia (rhizaria, haplosporidia) and mikrocytos (rhizaria). histological examination of manila clams ruditapes philippinarum revealed microcells in the connective tissue of adductor muscle, foot, mantle, gills, siphon and visceral mass. the clams had been collected from 4 beds on the coast of galicia, spain. the prevalence of these microcells ranged from 73 to 93% in surface ... | 2014 | 25060499 |
| roles of extracellular ions and ph in 5-ht-induced sperm motility in marine bivalve. | factors that inhibit and stimulate the initiation of sperm motility were determined for manila clam (ruditapes philippinarum), pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas), and japanese scallop (patinopecten yessoensis). compared with artificial seawater (asw), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine creatinine sulfate, 5-ht) could fully trigger sperm motility and increase sperm velocity and motility duration. sperm motility was decreased in asw at ph 6.5-7.0 and suppressed at ph 4.0. in manila clam and pacific oy ... | 2014 | 24398874 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of socs-2 from manila clam ruditapes philippinarum. | suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs) family members are key regulators of immunological homeostasis. in this study, we have discovered the socs-2 member from manila clam ruditapes philippinarum and further analyzed its immune responses against lipopolysaccharide (lps) and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly i:c). amino acid sequence of rpsocs-2 consists of cytokine inducible src homology 2 (sh2) and socs box domains similar to vertebrate socs counterparts. it has the highest amino acid iden ... | 2014 | 24378684 |
| the presence of genogroup ii norovirus in retail shellfish from seven coastal cities in china. | noroviruses (novs) are commonly occurring pathogens that cause gastroenteritis. outbreaks of viral diseases have often been ascribed to the consumption of contaminated shellfish. our objective was to evaluate the presence and contamination levels of nov in shellfish sold at seafood markets in china. we tested 840 shellfish samples (crassostrea gigas, mytilus edulis, azumapecten farreri, sinonovacula constricta, scapharca subcrenata, ruditapes philippinarum) that were collected from seven cities ... | 2013 | 23412724 |
| sublethal responses in caged organisms exposed to sediments affected by oil spills. | this study was performed to determine sublethal responses of two invertebrate species by using field deployments in areas affected by oil spills, which are acute in the galician coast (nnw, spain) and chronic in the bay of algeciras (ssw, spain). the organisms employed were the crab carcinus maenas and the clam ruditapes philippinarum, and during 28 days the animals were exposed to contaminated sediments in cages under field conditions. different biomarkers of exposure were determined after a 28 ... | 2008 | 18420252 |
| genetic responses to metal contamination in two clams: ruditapes decussatus and ruditapes philippinarum. | coastal ecosystems are subjected to a wide variety of disturbances, including those due to xenobiotics of agricultural and industrial origin. these pollutants as heavy metals can modify the genetic diversity of populations by favouring or counter-selecting certain alleles or genotypes by differential mortality. in the present study, two genetic markers (phosphoglucomutase and glucosephosphate isomerase) and a protein marker (metallothionein) were monitored in order to determine the impact of hea ... | 2015 | 12408612 |
| role of dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in meiosis and fertilization in the bivalve molluscs ruditapes philippinarum and crassostrea gigas. | prophase-arrested oocytes of ruditapes philippinarum can not be fertilized or stimulated by a depolarizing agent such as an excess of kcl, in contrast to the situation found in crassostrea gigas. we have performed a comparative study between the two situations found in these species. in vitro, both of these oocytes can be triggered to reinitiate meiosis following a treatment by serotonin which promotes an intracellular calcium surge. ruditapes and crassostrea oocytes further arrest in metaphase ... | 2000 | 11043416 |
| determination of oxytetracycline in marine shellfish (crassostrea gigas, ruditapes philippinarum and scrobicularia plana) by high-performance liquid chromatography using solid-phase extraction. | a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to detect oxytetracycline (otc) in three species of marine shellfish (crassostrea gigas, ruditapes philippinarum and scrobicularia plana). shellfish tissues were analysed after solid-phase extraction by using a mobile phase containing acetonitrile and 0.02 m orthophosphoric acid solution. the linearity and precision of the method were checked over the concentration range 0.100-1.500 micrograms/g. the limits of detectio ... | 1992 | 1487529 |
| structural changes in molluscan community over a 15-year period before and after the 2011 great east japan earthquake and subsequent tsunami around matsushima bay, miyagi prefecture, northeastern japan. | we examined structural changes in the molluscan community for ten years (2001-2010) before and five years (2011-2015) after the 2011 great east japan earthquake and subsequent tsunami around matsushima bay, miyagi prefecture, northeastern japan. before the earthquake and tsunami, ruditapes philippinarum, macoma incongrua, pillucina pisidium, and batillaria cumingii were dominant, and an alien predator laguncula pulchella appeared in 2002 and increased in number. after the tsunami, r. philippinar ... | 2016 | 27936182 |
| first report of perkinsus honshuensis in the variegated carpet shell clam ruditapes variegatus in korea. | the recent discovery of perkinsus honshuensis, a new perkinsus species infecting manila clams ruditapes philippinarum (sowerby, 1852), in japan, suggested that, based on proximity, p. honshuensis could also be in korean waters, where to date, p. olseni was believed to be the only perkinsus species present. perkinsus sp. infections consistently occurred among ruditapes variegatus clams on a pebble beach on jeju island, off the south coast of korea. the typical 'signet ring' morphology of the para ... | 2016 | 27901502 |
| first report of urosporidium sp., a haplosporidian hyperparasite infecting digenean trematode parvatrema duboisi in manila clam, ruditapes philippinarum on the west coast of korea. | in this study, we first report on the occurrence of urosporidium sp., a haplosporidian hyperparasite infecting the trematode, parvatrema duboisi, which parasitizes manila clams, ruditapes philippinarum on the west and south coasts of korea. the larval p. duboisi infected by the sporocyst stage of urosporidium sp. demonstrated numerous small yellowish spores in their tissues. the heavily infected metacercariae exhibited degenerate bodies and the larvae were often motionless. clams heavily infecte ... | 2015 | 26271576 |
| purification and molecular cloning of a dna adp-ribosylating protein, carp-1, from the edible clam meretrix lamarckii. | the cabbage butterflies pieris rapae and pieris brassicae have unique enzymes, named pierisin-1 and -2, respectively, that catalyze the adp-ribosylation of guanine residues of dna, which has been linked with induction of apoptosis and mutation in mammalian cell lines. in the present study, we identified adp-ribosylation activity targeting dna in six kinds of edible clam. similar to our observations with pierisin-1 and -2, crude extracts from the clams meretrix lamarckii, ruditapes philippinarum, ... | 2006 | 16945908 |
| vasa expression suggests shared germ line dynamics in bivalve molluscs. | germ line segregation can occur during embryogenesis or after embryogenesis completion, with multipotent cells able to give rise to both germ and somatic cells in the developing juvenile or even in adulthood. these undifferentiated cells, in some animals, are self-renewing stem cells. in all these cell lineages, the same set of genes, among which vasa, appears to be expressed. we traced vasa expression during the peculiar gonad rebuilding of bivalves to verify its presence from undifferentiated ... | 2017 | 28386635 |
| polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments and bivalves on the pacific coast of japan: influence of tsunami and fire. | surface sediments and at least one edible bivalve species (ruditapes philippinarum, mytilus galloprovincialis, and crassostrea gigas) were collected from each of seven intertidal sites in japan in 2013. the sites had experienced varying levels of tsunami and fire disturbance following the major earthquake of 2011. eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) were identified and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. total sediment pah concentration (ct), the sum of the average concen ... | 2016 | 27232189 |
| membrane phospholipid composition of hemocytes in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas and the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum. | the detailed sterol (free sterol proportions and compositions) and phospholipid (pl) compositions (relative proportions of pl classes and subclasses and their respective fatty acid (fa) compositions) of hemocyte membranes were investigated in two bivalve mollusks: the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas and the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum. hemocyte membrane lipids of both species revealed similar general composition: i) their free sterol/pl ratio was above 0.4 and ii) their pl were predomin ... | 2011 | 21527350 |
| in vitro interactions between several species of harmful algae and haemocytes of bivalve molluscs. | harmful algal blooms (habs) can have both lethal and sublethal impacts on shellfish. to understand the possible roles of haemocytes in bivalve immune responses to habs and how the algae are affected by these cells (haemocytes), in vitro tests between cultured harmful algal species and haemocytes of the northern quahog (= hard clam) mercenaria mercenaria, the soft-shell clam mya arenaria, the eastern and pacific oysters crassostrea virginica and crassostrea gigas and the manila clam ruditapes phi ... | 2011 | 21340660 |
| fatty acids of serine, ethanolamine, and choline plasmalogens in some marine bivalves. | the fa composition of glycerophospholipid (gpl) classes and subclasses was investigated in whole animals of three marine bivalve mollusks: the japanese oyster crassostrea gigas, the blue mussel mytilus edulis, and the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum. individual organs (gills, mantle, foot, siphon, and muscle) of the manila clam also were examined. the ps plasmalogen (psplsm), pe plasmalogen (peplsm), and pc plasmalogen (pcplsm) subclasses were isolated by hplc, and their individual fa compos ... | 2004 | 15055236 |
| flow cytometric comparison of haemocytes from three species of bivalve molluscs. | haemocyte subpopulations from three bivalve species (the clams ruditapes philippinarum and mercenaria mercenaria and the oyster, crassostrea virginica) were characterised using light-scatter flow cytometry and a standard set of methods. two parameter (forward and side scatter) plots for the three species were very similar and resembled plots for mammalian white blood cells. two haemocyte groups (granulocytes and agranulocytes) were found in both the haemolymph and the extrapallial fluid of the c ... | 2002 | 12400864 |
| evolutionary dynamics of rdna clusters in chromosomes of five clam species belonging to the family veneridae (mollusca, bivalvia). | the chromosomal changes accompanying bivalve evolution are an area about which few reports have been published. to improve our understanding on chromosome evolution in veneridae, ribosomal rna gene clusters were mapped by fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) to chromosomes of five species of venerid clams (venerupis corrugata, ruditapes philippinarum, ruditapes decussatus, dosinia exoleta, and venus verrucosa). the results were anchored to the most comprehensive molecular phylogenetic tree c ... | 2014 | 24967400 |
| marinivirga aestuarii gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family flavobacteriaceae, isolated from marine environments, and emended descriptions of the genera hyunsoonleella, jejuia and pontirhabdus and the species hyunsoonleella jejuensis, jejuia pallidilutea and pontirhabdus pectinivorans. | two orange, rod-shaped, gram-reaction-negative, aerobic bacterial strains devoid of flagella and gliding motility, designated strains kyw371(t) and ks18 were isolated from a seawater sample and a shellfish ruditapes philippinarum, respectively, collected from gwangyang bay, republic of korea. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that the two strains belonged to the family flavobacteriaceae; and that strain kyw371(t) was most closely related to algibacter mikhailovii l ... | 2013 | 22888187 |
| decolorization of dye solutions with ruditapes philippinarum conglutination mud and the isolated bacteria. | application of ruditapes philippinarum conglutination mud (rpm) for decolorizing synthetic dye solutions was studied. rpm showed good activity for decolorization of methylene blue, crystal violet, malachite green, and ink blue. the amount of the rpm had great effect on the decoloration rate of the dye solutions. however, the decoloration rate did not continue to increase when the amount of mud exceeded the optimum dose. the temperature of the dye solution had a remarkable effect on the decoloriz ... | 2011 | 25084578 |