| eicosanoids mediate nodulation reactions to a mollicute bacterium in larvae of the blowfly, chrysomya megacephala. | nodulation is the temporally and quantitatively most important cellular defense response to bacterial, fungal and some viral infections in insects. we tested the hypothesis that prostaglandins and other eicosanoids are responsible for mediating nodulation reactions to bacterial infection in larvae of the blowfly chrysomya megacephala. third-instar larvae treated with ureaplasma urealyticum formed nodules in a challenge dose-dependent manner. nodulation was evoked shortly after injection and reac ... | 2009 | 19071132 |
| determination of malathion levels and the effect of malathion on the growth of chrysomya megacephala (fibricius) in malathion-exposed rat carcass. | this study was conducted to examine the effect of malathion on the development of chrysomya megacephala. a total of 12 adult sprague-dawley rats was divided into 4 groups. each animal in the 4 groups was given orally 0 (control), 10, 25 and 50ml/kg body weight of malathion, respectively. chrysomya megacephala larvae were then allowed to grow on the liver of carcass. larvae development was estimated by means of weight and length, time of adult emergence and survival rate. results indicated that f ... | 2008 | 19287355 |
| study of insect succession and rate of decomposition on a partially burned pig carcass in an oil palm plantation in malaysia. | insects found associated with corpse can be used as one of the indicators in estimating postmortem interval (pmi). the objective of this study was to compare the stages of decomposition and faunal succession between a partially burnt pig (sus scrofa linnaeus) and natural pig (as control). the burning simulated a real crime whereby the victim was burnt by murderer. two young pigs weighed approximately 10 kg were used in this study. both pigs died from pneumonia and immediately placed in an oil pa ... | 2008 | 19287358 |
| disruption of chrysomya megacephala growth caused by lignan grandisin. | the toxicity of tetrahydrofuran lignan grandisin was evaluated against larvae of chrysomya megacephala f. (diptera: calliphoridae). the bioassay involved topical treatment on larvae, topical treatment on egg masses, and incorporation in the larval diet. grandisin showed inhibition of postembryonic development by ovicidal (30%) and larvicidal (38%) effects and reduced larval weight (4 mg), when topically applied on egg masses and starving larvae (l1) at a concentration of 100 microg/microl. these ... | 2009 | 19351078 |
| sarcosaprophagous flies in suez governorate, egypt iv--persistence of human pathogenic bacteria in the developmental stages. | the persistence of three species of human pathogenic bacteria (escherichia coli, shigella sonnei and staphylococcus epidermidis) in sterile artificially fed larvae was examined till adult emergence after ingestion by three species of sarcosaprophagous flies (house fly, musca domestica, oriental latrine blow fly, chrysomya megacephala and australian cheep blow fly, lucilia cuprina). the number of bacteria present in mature maggots, pupae and emerging adults declined significantly (p < 0.05). each ... | 2009 | 19530618 |
| [description and key to the main species of calliphoridae (diptera) larvae of forensic importance from colombia]. | larvae of 13 blowfly species from colombia are described and an illustrated key for all them is presented. all larval instars of calliphora nigribasis macquart, cochliomyia macellaria (fabricius), chrysomya albiceps (wiedemann), chrysomya megacephala (fabricius), hemilucilia segmentaria (fabricius), hemilucilia semidiaphana (rondani), lucilia eximia (weidemann) are described, but the second and third instars of compsomyiops verena (walter), and only the third instar of calliphora vicina robineau ... | 2009 | 19618061 |
| determination of malathion levels and its effect on the development of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) in south china. | the present study determines the concentration of malathion in rabbit tissues and dipteral larvae feeding on those tissues. malathion was found in all muscle and liver samples of the test rabbit, as well as larvae fed on it. samples from the control rabbit and pupae from all colonies were negative for malathion. correlations were found between administered dosage, tissue concentrations and younger or prepuparial larvae. effects of malathion on the development rate of chrysomya megacephala (fabri ... | 2009 | 19646829 |
| influence of rain and malathion on the oviposition and development of blowflies (diptera: calliphoridae) infesting rabbit carcasses in kelantan, malaysia. | the influence of rain and malathion on the initial oviposition as well as development of blowfly species infesting rabbit carcasses decomposing in sunlit and shaded habitats were studied over a period of 1 year in kelantan, malaysia. chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) was the most dominant species that infested the carcasses, followed by chrysomya rufifacies (macquart). in general, rain, depending on its intensity, delayed initial oviposition by 1-2 days and prolonged the pupation period by 1-3 d ... | 2009 | 19671490 |
| a preliminary study on the decomposition and dipteran associated with exposed carcasses in an oil palm plantation in bandar baharu, kedah, malaysia. | this study was carried out in an oil palm plantation in bandar baharu, kedah using monkey carcasses and focuses in documenting the decomposition and dipteran colonization sequences in 50 days. this is the first study of diptera associated with the exploitation of carcasses conducted in the north of peninsular malaysia during the dry and wet seasons thereat. during the process of decomposition in both seasons, five phases of decay were recognized namely fresh, bloated, active decay, advance decay ... | 2009 | 19696721 |
| data quality in thermal summation development models for forensically important blowflies. | to highlight some issues regarding data quality that are significant in estimating post-mortem intervals (pmi) from maggots, the developmental constants of thermal summation models for development of chrysomya megacephala fabricius (diptera: calliphoridae) were calculated from incidental data gathered from 12 published studies, and from data generated specifically for the purpose in a single experiment. the focused experiment involved measuring the timing of five developmental landmarks at nine ... | 2009 | 19712157 |
| the effect of starvation on the larval behavior of two forensically important species of blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae). | the postfeeding larval stage in blow flies is generally an irreversible condition when the fully grown third instar larvae stop feeding and give no response towards food. the larvae of most species then disperse away from their feeding medium and pupariate. there are several cases reported about the use of postfeeding larvae as forensic evidence. it is a matter of common observation that the postfeeding stage can be reached earlier than the expected time if food becomes unavailable. however, no ... | 2009 | 19892500 |
| sequence variation in the cytochrome oxidase subunit i and ii genes of two commonly found blow fly species, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) and chrysomya rufifacies (macquart) (diptera: calliphoridae) in malaysia. | the mitochondiral dna region encompassing the cytochrome oxidase subunit i (coi) and cytochrome oxidase subunit ii (coii) genes of two malaysian blow fly species, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) and chrysomya rufifacies (macquart) were studied. this region, which spans 2303bp and includes the coi, trna leucine and partial coii was sequenced from adult fly and larval specimens, and compared. intraspecific variations were observed at 0.26% for ch. megacephala and 0.17% for ch. rufifacies, while ... | 2009 | 19901904 |
| effects of malathion on the insect succession and the development of chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae) in the field and implications for estimating postmortem interval. | a field study on the effects of malathion on insect succession and the development of carrion flies on corpses, and its quantitative determination from the larvae on decomposing rabbit carrion was conducted. the rabbits were treated with malathion at concentrations of lethal, half-lethal and fourth-lethal doses. malathion altered decomposition rates and species diversity: chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae) was the most abundant adult species in all the experiments; third instar larva ... | 2010 | 19918159 |
| insects (diptera) associated with cadavers at the institute of legal medicine in pernambuco, brazil: implications for forensic entomology. | increasing rates of unsolved homicides in brazil prompt the need for applied entomological data to be used as a complementary tool by criminal investigators. in that context, we analyzed the occurrence of forensically important insect species (order diptera) on 14 cadavers taken into the institute of legal medicine (ilm), in pernambuco, brazil, according to the conditions of the body and the pattern of colonisation by insects. simultaneously, we surveyed the diversity of insects in the surroundi ... | 2010 | 20181449 |
| temperature-dependent development of the parasitoid tachinaephagus zealandicus on five forensically important carrion fly species. | the influences of temperature and host species on the development of the forensically important parasitoid tachinaephagus zealandicus ashmead (hymenoptera: encyrtidae) were studied at six constant temperatures in the range of 15-30 degrees c. t. zealandicus completed development successfully between 15 degrees c and 27 degrees c on five species of calliphoridae, calliphora albifrontalis malloch, calliphora dubia macquart, lucilia sericata meigen, chrysomya rufifacies macquart and chrysomya megac ... | 2010 | 20374476 |
| first record of human myiasis caused by association of the species chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliplioridae), sarcophaga (liopygia) ruficornis (diptera: sarcophagidae), and musca domestica (diptera: muscidae). | we report a rare case of myiasis caused simultaneously by three dipterous species. a 54 yr-old indigent patient was admitted to andaraí hospital with painful eruptions on the scalp. the parieto-occipital sulcus showed two lesions caused by scratching associated with deep, odoriferous and exudative pediculosis. larvae removed with the help of forceps and vaseline produced 153 adults, identified in the laboratory as 114 specimens of chrysomya megacephala (f., 1794), 38 of sarcophaga (liopygia) ruf ... | 2010 | 20496599 |
| a report on the pupae of desmometopa sp. (diptera: milichiidae) recovered from a human corpse in malaysia. | the pupae of desmometopa sp. (diptera: milichiidae) were collected from a human corpse found indoor in active decay stage together with the larvae of sarcophagidae, synthesiomyia nudiseta (wulp), chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) and chrysomya rufifacies (macquart). this research note is the first report of the desmometopa sp. recovered from a human corpse in malaysia. | 2010 | 20562823 |
| artificial neural networks: a novel approach to analysing the nutritional ecology of a blowfly species, chrysomya megacephala. | bionomic features of blowflies may be clarified and detailed by the deployment of appropriate modelling techniques such as artificial neural networks, which are mathematical tools widely applied to the resolution of complex biological problems. the principal aim of this work was to use three well-known neural networks, namely multi-layer perceptron (mlp), radial basis function (rbf), and adaptive neural network-based fuzzy inference system (anfis), to ascertain whether these tools would be able ... | 2010 | 20569135 |
| mitochondrial dna-based identification of some forensically important blowflies in thailand. | accurate identification of insects collected from death scenes provides not only specific developmental data assisting forensic entomologists to determine the postmortem interval more precisely but also other kinds of forensic evidence. however, morphological identification can be complicated due to the similarity among species, especially in the early larval stages. to simplify and make the species identification more practical and reliable, dna-based identification is preferentially considered ... | 2010 | 20570067 |
| growth of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) maggots in a morgue cooler. | in estimating the postmortem interval (pmi) using maggots obtained during autopsy, the forensic entomologist makes decisions regarding the effects of low-temperature storage of the body on the insects. in this case report, a corpse was found in an abandoned house in the residential area of bukit mertajam, penang, malaysia. the maggots were found to be alive inside the mouth of the deceased although the corpse had been in the morgue cooler for 12 days. the maggots were reared and identified as ch ... | 2010 | 20579228 |
| recording from two neurons: second-order stimulus reconstruction from spike trains and population coding. | we study the reconstruction of visual stimuli from spike trains, representing the reconstructed stimulus by a volterra series up to second order. we illustrate this procedure in a prominent example of spiking neurons, recording simultaneously from the two h1 neurons located in the lobula plate of the fly chrysomya megacephala. the fly views two types of stimuli, corresponding to rotational and translational displacements. second-order reconstructions require the manipulation of potentially very ... | 2010 | 20608867 |
| structure and ultrastructure of spermatozoa of chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae). | the spermatozoa of chrysomya megacephala are similar to those described for other brachycera. in this species, the spermatozoa are long and thin, measuring about 590microm in length, of which the head region measures approximately 60microm. the head includes a monolayered acrosome with electron-lucid material, and the shape of the nucleus, in cross-sections, varies from circular to oval with completely condensed chromatin. the centriole was observed in the zone of flagellar implantation, below t ... | 2010 | 20732844 |
| [sequencing of mitochondrial dna cytochrome oxidase subunit i gene in sarcosaphagous flies from 14 provinces in china]. | to detect the 278 bp region of gene of the cytochrome oxidase subunit i (coi) in mitochondral dna (mtdna) of sarcosaphagous flies, identify the species of sarcosaphagous flies, and provide reference for forensic application. | 2010 | 20818074 |
| ultrastructure of male accessory glands of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae). | the ultrastructure of the male accessory glands of the blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius), was presented using light microscopy (lm), scanning electron microscopy (sem), and transmission electron microscopy (tem). a pair of accessory glands was separated at opposite sites. morphometric results using lm yield evidenced no significant difference in the median of either length or width of the left and right glands. a significant increment in both length and width was seen to plateau betwee ... | 2009 | 20836832 |
| [climatic and anthropic influence on the abundance and richness of calliphoridae (diptera) in a forest fragment in the tinguá biological reserve, rj, brazil]. | monthly collections were made using two traps 5 m apart exposed for 48h, containing sardines and installed at points: a at the edge (500 m from the entrance of the reserve); b 1200 m from the entrance and 1000 m inside the forest; and c 1700 m from the entrance and 500 m inside the forest. the purpose was to evaluate the abundance and richness of calliphorid species as a function of the environmental conditions using pearson's correlation, compare the richness of the areas using anova and tukey' ... | 2010 | 20877981 |
| [succession of sarcosaphagous insects at summer and autumn in shijiazhuang area]. | to study the succession of sarcosaphagous insects and their regular activity on carcass in shijiazhuang area. | 2010 | 20967949 |
| effects of latex from "amapazeiro"parahancornia amapa (apocynaceae) on blowfly chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae) post-embryonic development. | nowadays, insect control is usually carried out using chemical insecticides, but insect resistance and other negative side effects have prompted the search for alternatives. biopesticides provide a positive alternative to synthetic pesticides because they have low impact on the environmental, low toxicity to humans and low costs among other advantages. this research was carried out to evaluate the activity of parahancornia amapa (huber) ducke (apocynaceae) lyophilized latex on the post embryonic ... | 2011 | 21292402 |
| effect of nandrolone decanoate on the development of three species of chrysomya (diptera:calliphoridae), flies of forensic importance in brazil. | necrophagous insects are valuable tools for postmortem interval (pmi) estimation or for determining the cause of death. due to the increase in deaths related to drug abuse, it is crucial to know how these substances affect the development of flies that feed on corpses, to avoid errors in the pmi estimates. this study evaluated the effect of nandrolone decanoate, an anabolic androgenic steroid, on the development ofimmatures of chrysomya megacephala (f.), chrysomya putoria (wiedemann), and chryso ... | 2011 | 21337956 |
| an observation on the decomposition process of gasoline-ingested monkey carcasses in a secondary forest in malaysia. | this study was designed to mimic homicide or suicide cases using gasoline. six adult long-tailed macaque (macaca fascicularis), weighing between 2.5 to 4.0 kg, were equally divided into control and test groups. the control group was sacrificed by a lethal dose of phenobarbital intracardiac while test group was force fed with two doses of gasoline ld50 (37.7 ml/kg) after sedation with phenobarbital. all carcasses were then placed in a decomposition site to observe the decomposition and invasion p ... | 2010 | 21399577 |
| plant extracts, isolated phytochemicals, and plant-derived agents which are lethal to arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases--a review. | the recent scientific literature on plant-derived agents with potential or effective use in the control of the arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases is reviewed. arthropod-borne tropical diseases include: amebiasis, chagas disease (american trypanosomiasis), cholera, cryptosporidiosis, dengue (hemorrhagic fever), epidemic typhus (brill-zinsser disease), filariasis (elephantiasis), giardia (giardiasis), human african trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), isosporiasis, leishmaniasis, lyme di ... | 2011 | 21432748 |
| do climatic and physical factors affect populations of the blow fly chrysomya megacephala and house fly musca domestica? | the blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius), and house fly, musca domestica l., are medically and forensically important flies. the population dynamic of these flies is essential for both control and forensical aspects. the aim of this study was to investigate the climatic and physical factors affecting the population trend of both species in chiang mai province, northern thailand, using the geographic information system (gis). based on systematic random sampling, 18 study sites were selecte ... | 2011 | 21479574 |
| bionomics of two forensically important blowfly species chrysomya megacephala and chrysomya putoria (diptera: calliphoridae) reared on four types of diet. | the use of heterogeneous animal tissues for the rearing of necrophagous insect species can produce uneven biological data, which can compromise the determination of larval age and, consequently, estimates for post-mortem intervals. we investigated the development of two species, chrysomya megacephala and chrysomya putoria (diptera: calliphoridae), reared on four substrates: minced beef (control) and semi-synthetic diets with the addition of sardine, rumen or chicken eggs. no differences in total ... | 2011 | 21489729 |
| umbilical myiasis in newborn. | umbilical myiasis is rare in newborns. we are reporting two cases of umbilical myiasis from rural west bengal (india) that were infected by larval forms of blow fly (chrysomya megacephala). one of them subsequently developed septicemia while the other one was clinically well. | 2011 | 21532102 |
| alimentary canal of the blow fly chrysomya megacephala (f.) (diptera: calliphoridae): an emphasis on dissection and morphometry. | the alimentary canal is a major organ system that is often involved in the transmission of pathogens to humans from insects that serve as vectors of disease. in this study, we investigated the alimentary canal of the blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (f.) (diptera: calliphoridae), highlighting the description for dissection and morphometric analysis of each organ. dissection was performed in a phosphate buffer solution (ph=7.4) on 3(rd) instar larvae (three to four days old) and on both male and f ... | 2011 | 21635636 |
| effects of human contraceptive on reproduction and offspring in chrysomya megacephala. | to investigate the effect of human contraceptive (hc) as ability to suppress the reproductive success of blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (c. megacephala) and offspring under controlled laboratory conditions. | 2011 | 21771466 |
| survival of submerged blowfly species and their parasitoids: implications for postmortem submersion interval. | pupal survival of three blowfly species, chrysomya albiceps, chrysomya megacephala, and chrysomya putoria (diptera: calliphoridae) and the parasitoid species nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) was studied after the pupae were experimentally submerged in water. non-parasitized pupae at different developmental stages, 0, 24, 48, and 72h, and parasitized pupae after 3, 8, 10, and 12 days of development were submerged for 6, 24, 48, or 72h. control groups for each pupal developmental st ... | 2011 | 21723056 |
| reproductive organ of blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae): ultrastructural of testis. | this work presents the ultrastructure of testis of the medically important blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae) using light microscopy and electron microscopy. reproductive organ of males was dissected to determine the testis in the pupal stage, 3-day-old flies and 7-day-old flies and observed under scanning electron microscopy (sem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). sem displayed a smooth surface which is occasionally penetrated by tracheoles. tem of th ... | 2011 | 21845212 |
| [comparison of mtdna extracting methods for common sarcosaphagous insects]. | to compare effects of three different methods for mtdna extraction from common sarcosaphagous insects including cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ctab) method, sodium dodecyl sulfate-potassium acetate (sds-kac) method and sodium dodecyl sulfate-proteinase k (sds-pk) method. | 2011 | 21913555 |
| an analysis of forensic entomological specimens by universiti kebangsaan malaysia. | this study reviews forensic entomological specimens analysed by the department of parasitology & medical entomology, universiti kebangsaan malaysia for the year 2004. a total of 10 cases (6 males and 4 females) were observed for the entomological specimens. various types of death scenes were obtained including indoor and outdoor area such as bushes field, rubbish dumping site, and aquatic areas. identified fly species collected from the death sites were blow flies, chrysomya megacephala, chrysom ... | 2010 | 21939166 |
| utility of multi-gene loci for forensic species diagnosis of blowflies. | contemporary studies in forensic entomology exhaustively evaluate gene sequences because these constitute the fastest and most accurate method of species identification. for this purpose single gene segments, cytochrome oxidase subunit i (coi) in particular, are commonly used. however, the limitation of such sequences in identification, especially of closely related species and populations, demand a multi-gene approach. but this raises the question of which group of genes can best fulfill the id ... | 2011 | 21864153 |
| a fly in the ointment: evaluation of traditional use of plants to repel and kill blowfly larvae in fermented fish. | in rural areas in laos, fly larvae infestations are common in fermenting fish. blowflies (chrysomya megacephala, diptera: calliphoridae) are attracted to oviposit (and/or larviposit) onto fermenting fish which results in infestations with fly larvae. knowledge of traditional use of plants to repel larvae during the production of fermented fish is common and widespread in lao pdr. | 2011 | 22206019 |
| sensitivity of last larval stadium of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) to anti-allatin ageratochromene precocene ii. | treatment of early and late third instar larvae of economically important insect c. megacephala with the ageratochromene precocene ii resulted into precocious metamorphosis. the other effects included mortality, production of pupal-adult mosaics, reduction in percentage of adult emergence and formation of non-viable deformed adults that died after a few hours of emergence. the application of precocene ii adversely hampered the normal growth, development and metamorphosis of the insect and the re ... | 2011 | 21870428 |
| the decomposition of rabbit carcasses and associated necrophagous diptera in kuwait. | rabbit carcasses were used to compare rates of decomposition and associated assemblages of diptera at four discernable habitat types in kuwait; a country of a region with a paucity of such reference data. carcasses in an urban habitat showed faster decomposition (as measured by percentage weight loss) than in agricultural, coastal or desert habitats, even with accumulated degree days (add) as the explanatory variable (t=2.73, df=34, p=0.010) to compensate for temperature differences. taxa of dip ... | 2011 | 22018747 |
| molecular identification of blow flies recovered from human cadavers during crime scene investigations in malaysia. | forensic entomology applies knowledge about insects associated with decedent in crime scene investigation. it is possible to calculate a minimum postmortem interval (pmi) by determining the age and species of the oldest blow fly larvae feeding on decedent. this study was conducted in malaysia to identify maggot specimens collected during crime scene investigations. the usefulness of the molecular and morphological approach in species identifications was evaluated in 10 morphologically identified ... | 2012 | 23424775 |
| [effect of ketamine on the development of chrysomya megacephala (diptera : calliphoridae)]. | to research the pattern of larvae and pupae development when exposed to ketamine. | 2012 | 23484275 |
| alimentary canal of the adult blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (f.) (diptera: calliphoridae)-part i: ultrastructure of salivary glands. | the salivary gland ultrastructure of the adult male blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (f.) (diptera: calliphoridae), was investigated at the ultrastructural level using light microscopy (lm), scanning electron microscopy (sem), and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the salivary glands are paired structures composed of a single median deferent duct bifurcated into two long, narrow efferent ducts connected to the coiled tubular glands. the sem image of the gland surface revealed that the basal ... | 2012 | 22666549 |
| reading mammal diversity from flies: the persistence period of amplifiable mammal mtdna in blowfly guts (chrysomya megacephala) and a new dna mini-barcode target. | most tropical mammal species are threatened or data-deficient. data collection is impeded by the traditional monitoring approaches which can be laborious, expensive and struggle to detect cryptic diversity. monitoring approaches using mammal dna derived from invertebrates are emerging as cost- and time-effective alternatives. as a step towards development of blowfly-derived dna as an effective method for mammal monitoring in the biodiversity hotspot of peninsular malaysia, our objectives were (i ... | 2015 | 25898278 |
| multi-drug resistant gram-negative enteric bacteria isolated from flies at chengdu airport, china. | we collected flies from chengdu shuangliu international airport to examine for the presence of bacteria and to determine the sensitivity patterns of those bacteria. a total of 1,228 flies were collected from 6 sites around chengdu shuangliu international airport from april to september 2011. the predominant species was chrysomya megacephala (n=276, 22.5%). antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative enteric bacteria (n=48) were isolated from flies using macconkey agar supplemented with cephalothin (20 ... | 2013 | 24450236 |
| studies on the potential and public health importance of non-biting synanthropic flies in the mechanical transmission of human enterohelminths. | this study was aimed at examining the potential of non-biting synanthropic filth flies to acquire naturally eggs of human intestinal helminths from unsanitary sites, and its attendant public health importance. | 2013 | 24128876 |
| human intestinal parasites in non-biting synanthropic flies in ogun state, nigeria. | filth-feeding and breeding, non-biting synanthropic flies have been incriminated in the dissemination of human enteropathogens in the environment. this study determined the species of non-biting synanthropic flies associated with four filthy sites in ilishan, ogun state, southwest nigeria, and assessed their potentials for mechanical transmission of human intestinal parasites. 7190 flies identified as musca domestica (33.94%), chrysomya megacephala (26.01%), musca sorbens (23.23%), lucilia cupri ... | 2013 | 23290716 |
| antibacterial activity of excretions-secretions from chrysomya megacephala against escherichia coli. | the blowfly, chrysomya megacephala, is distributed worldwide. previous studies found maggot excretions-secretions from other blowfly species inhibited pro-inflammatory response and antimicrobial activity. | 2016 | 26817232 |
| use of maggot therapy for treating a diabetic foot ulcer colonized by multidrug resistant bacteria in brazil. | this study reports the efficacy of maggot therapy in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer infected with multidrug resistant microorganisms. a 74 year old female patient with diabetes for over 30 years, was treated with maggot therapy using larvae of chrysomya megacephala. the microbiological samples were collected to evaluate aetiology of the infection. the therapy done for 43 days resulted in a reduction of necrosis and the ulcer's retraction of 0.7 cm [2] in area. analysis of the bacteriologic ... | 2015 | 25963495 |
| detection and preliminary physico-chemical properties of antimicrobial components in the native excretions/secretions of three species of chrysomya (diptera, calliphoridae) in brazil. | antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitals and communities increasingly threaten public health in brazil and the rest of the world. there is an urgent need for additional antimicrobial drugs. calliphorid blowfly larvae are a rich source of antimicrobial factors but the potential of neotropical species has been neglected. this preliminary study evaluates the antimicrobial activity of the native excretions/secretions of larvae of three species of brazilian calliphorids, chrysomya megacephala, chry ... | 2015 | 25817237 |
| the blow fly, chrysomya megacephala, and the house fly, musca domestica, as mechanical vectors of pathogenic bacteria in northeast thailand. | the oriental latrine fly, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae) and the house fly, musca domestica l., (diptera: muscidae) are synanthropic flies which are adapted to live in close association with human habitations, thereby making them likely mechanical vectors of several pathogens to humans. there were two main aims of this study. the first aim was to determine the prevalence of these two fly species from five types of human habitations including: fresh-food markets, garba ... | 2014 | 25134903 |
| sterilization of blow fly eggs, chrysomya megacephala and lucilia cuprina, (diptera: calliphoridae) for maggot debridement therapy application. | maggot debridement therapy (mdt) is an application of sterile laboratory-reared blow fly larvae to remove necrotic tissue and disinfect wounds for medical conditions. for effective application, the blow fly larvae used in the wound treatment are required to be in aseptic condition. here, we report the results of a detailed assessment of bacteria and fungi isolated from the eggs of two blow fly species, chrysomya megacephala (f.) and lucilia cuprina (wiedemann) before and after sterilization by d ... | 2017 | 28361272 |
| umbilical myiasis associated with staphylococcus aureus sepsis in a neonate. | myiasis is an infection of live mammalian tissue by the larvae of dipteran flies and commonly found in the tropics and subtropics. it usually infects domestic and wild animals, but sometimes also affects human. umbilical cord myiasis in the neonatal period associated with sepsis is a rare occurrence with few reported cases in the literature. in this article, authors report a 7-day-old neonate from a rural area presented with neonatal sepsis due to umbilical myiasis caused by fly larval form of b ... | 2012 | 24027685 |
| wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica: current insights into an emerging human pathogen. | since the first description of wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica in 2008, a number of well described case reports demonstrating its pathogenic role in humans have been published. infections may be closely linked to flies, such as wohlfahrtia magnifica, lucilia sericata, chrysomya megacephala or musca domestica. these insects are potent vectors for the distribution of w. chitiniclastica causing local or systemic infections originating from wounds infested with fly larvae. however, other potential ... | 2017 | 28162132 |
| complete genome sequence of wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica strain sh04, isolated from chrysomya megacephala collected from pudong international airport in china. | wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacilli that live in the larvae of a parasitic fly were recently isolated and are speculated to be the cause of fulminant sepsis. here we report and analyze the complete genome sequence of wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica strain sh04. no complete genome sequence of a wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica isolate has been documented previously. | 2013 | 23558531 |
| molecular characterization of the carbon dioxide receptor in the oriental latrine fly, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae). | the blowfly chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae) cannot only act as a mechanical vector of various pathogens, but also infest man and animals causing human health problems and economic losses in the livestock and fish industries. as in other insects, olfaction of this species plays an important role in host location and is presumably mediated via transmembrane receptor signaling pathways. here, we isolate and characterize cmeggr1 and cmeggr2, two new members of the chemosen ... | 2013 | 23604565 |
| filth flies associated with municipal solid waste and impact of delay in cover soil application on adult filth fly emergence in a sanitary landfill in pulau pinang, malaysia. | two types of municipal solid waste (msw), newly arrived and 2 weeks old, were sampled from a sanitary landfill in pulau pinang, malaysia at a fortnightly interval and kept under field conditions for 2 weeks. a total of 480 kg of each type of msw was sampled to study species composition and impact of delays in cover soil applications on filth fly emergence. out of 960 kg of msw sampled, 9.2 ± 0.5 flies emerged per kilogram. weekly adult fly emergence rates of newly arrived and 2-week-old waste di ... | 2013 | 23302698 |
| unusual presence of ornidia robusta (diptera: syrphidae) causing pig myiasis in argentina. | myiasis is caused by dipterous larvae from the calliphoridae, sarcophagidae, muscidae, cuterebridae, and syrphidae families. in this work, cochliomyia hominivorax, chrysomya megacephala, and ornidia robusta were identified causing vulva, ear, and leg myiasis in pigs in tucuman province, northwestern argentina. the report of the presence of c. hominivorax and c. megacephala is very important due to their role as myiasis-causing and disease vectors. the occurrence of ornidia robusta is remarkable, ... | 2015 | 26450595 |
| rates of development of immatures of three species of chrysomya (diptera: calliphoridae) reared in different types of animal tissues: implications for estimating the postmortem interval. | blowflies have major medical and sanitary importance because they can be vectors of viruses, bacteria, and helminths and are also causative agents of myiasis. also, these flies, especially those belonging to the genus chrysomya, are among the first insects to arrive at carcasses and are therefore valuable in providing data for the estimation of the minimum postmortem interval (pmimin). the pmimin can be calculated by assessing the weight, length, or development stage of blowfly larvae. lack of i ... | 2014 | 25082014 |
| field assessment of synthetic attractants and traps for the old world screw-worm fly, chrysomya bezziana. | the performance of newly developed trapping systems for the old world screw-worm fly, chrysomya bezziana has been determined in field trials on cattle farms in malaysia. the efficacy of non-sticky traps and new attractants to trap c. bezziana and non-target flies was compared with the standard sticky trap and swormlure. the optimal trap was a modified lucitrap(®) with a new attractant mixture, bezzilure-2. the lucitrap/bezzilure-2 caught on average 3.1 times more c. bezziana than the sticky trap ... | 2012 | 22575279 |
| in vitro repellent effect of tea tree (melaleuca alternifolia) and andiroba (carapa guianensis) oils on haemotobia irritans and chrysomya megacephala flies. | this study aimed to evaluate the repellent effect of tea tree (melaleuca alternifolia) and andiroba (carapa guianensis) essential oils on two species of flies (haemotobia irritans and chrysomya megacephala). for the in vitro studies, free-living adult flies were captured and reared in the laboratory. to verify the repellency effect, an apparatus was constructed where h. irritans and c. megacephala were exposed to andiroba and tea tree oils (5.0%), as well as to a known repellent (citronella, 5.0 ... | 2015 | 25801266 |
| diversity of sarcosaprophagous calyptratae (diptera) on sandy beaches exposed to increasing levels of urbanization in brazil. | sandy beaches are among the most impacted ecosystems worldwide, and the effects of urbanization on the biodiversity of these habitats are largely unknown, particularly in brazil. we investigated the composition and structure of assemblages of sarcosaprophagous insects (diptera: calliphoridae, sarcophagidae, and muscidae) on six sandy beaches exposed to differential levels of human impact in pernambuco state, brazil. in total, 20,672 adults of 40 species were collected, of which 70% were callipho ... | 2017 | 28369231 |
| a preliminary study of insect succession in al-ahsaa oasis, in the eastern region of the kingdom of saudi arabia. | rabbit carcass decomposition was examined in four seasons in al-ahsaa oasis. decomposition rate was significantly faster in summer compared with other seasons. fourteen insect species from four orders and seven families were recorded: calliphoridae, muscidae, sarcophagidae, formicidae, histeridae, dermestidae, and tenebrionidae. most of the fly maggots collected were calliphoridae with only one species from both muscidae and sarcophagidae. maggots of calliphora vicina (r.-d.) and chrysomya albic ... | 2017 | 27861898 |
| assessment of the abundance and diversity of calliphoridae and sarcophagidae (diptera) in sites with different degrees of human impact in the iberá wetlands (argentina). | the aim of the present study was to explore the diversity and describe the spatial distribution of calliphoridae and sarcophagidae along an urbanization gradient in the iberá wetlands. the flies were collected at 18 sampling points, three per site. in total, 3,318 flies were collected (3,077 blow flies and 241 flesh flies), distributed in 13 genera and 33 species. calliphoridae was the most abundant, comprised 92.74% of all adult flies. chrysomya albiceps (wiedemann), cochliomyia macellaria (f.) ... | 2016 | 27106933 |
| intraguild predation influences oviposition behavior of blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae). | the objective of the present study was to determine whether blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) are able to identify larvae of an intraguild predator species in the substrate and avoid laying eggs there. blow flies oviposited in traps with different treatments: substrate only and substrate with larvae of chrysomya albiceps (wiedemann, 1819), chrysomya megacephala (fabricius, 1794), or chrysomya putoria (wiedemann, 1830). ch. megacephala, ch. putoria, and lucilia eximia (wiedemann, 1819) avoided ... | 2016 | 26888288 |
| effect of bait decomposition on the attractiveness to species of diptera of veterinary and forensic importance in a rainforest fragment in brazil. | insects associated with carrion can have parasitological importance as vectors of several pathogens and causal agents of myiasis to men and to domestic and wild animals. we tested the attractiveness of animal baits (chicken liver) at different stages of decomposition to necrophagous species of diptera (calliphoridae, fanniidae, muscidae, phoridae and sarcophagidae) in a rainforest fragment in brazil. five types of bait were used: fresh and decomposed at room temperature (26 °c) for 24, 48, 72 an ... | 2016 | 26547564 |
| survey of the genetic diversity of forensically important chrysomya (diptera: calliphoridae) from egypt. | minimum postmortem interval estimations of a corpse using blow fly larvae in medicolegal investigations require correct identification and the application of appropriate developmental data of the identified fly species. species identification of forensically relevant blow flies could be very difficult and time consuming when specimens are damaged or in the event of morphologically indistinguishable immature stages, which are most common at crime scenes. in response to this, an alternative, accur ... | 2015 | 26334805 |
| developmental rates of immatures of three chrysomya species (diptera: calliphoridae) under the effect of methylphenidate hydrochloride, phenobarbital, and methylphenidate hydrochloride associated with phenobarbital. | entomotoxicology is focused on obtaining data on necrophagous entomofauna, for criminal investigations purposes. this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of methylphenidate hydrochloride, phenobarbital, and their association on the developmental rate, larval and pupal survivorship, and the interval of emergence of adults of chrysomya albiceps (wiedemann), chrysomya megacephala (fabricius), and chrysomya putoria (wiedemann) (diptera: calliphoridae). considering the ther ... | 2014 | 24633905 |
| effect of lunar phases, tides, and wind speed on the abundance of diptera calliphoridae in a mangrove swamp. | abiotic factors, such as lunar phases and tides, have a significant effect on insect development. reproduction and immature development are usually interlinked to these abiotic factors. the tide is at its highest levels at full moon or new moon, hindering the feeding of the immature or causing their drowning. the oviposition by adult females is also compromised on these days because much of the available food is submerged. another important abiotic factor is the wind, which displaces odoriferous ... | 2014 | 27193403 |
| multiple colonization of a cadaver by insects in an indoor environment: first record of fannia trimaculata (diptera: fanniidae) and peckia (peckia) chrysostoma (sarcophagidae) as colonizers of a human corpse. | we describe here a case of multiple colonization of a male cadaver found indoors in the municipality of jaboatao dos guararapes, brazil. the body was colonized by six species of diptera: chrysomya albiceps, chrysomya megacephala, chrysomya putoria (calliphoridae), megaselia scalaris (phoridae), fannia trimaculata (fanniidae), and peckia (peckia) chrysostoma (sarcophagidae). the most abundant species were c. albiceps (65.0 % of all emerged adults) and c. megacephala (18.6 %). the case illustrates ... | 2014 | 24218014 |
| applicability of partial characterization of cytochrome oxidase i in identification of forensically important flies (diptera) from china and egypt. | precise species identification of every insect sample collected from criminal scenes play an essential role in the accurate estimation of postmortem interval. the morphological similarity poses a great challenge for forensic entomologists. dna-based method can be used as a supplemental means of morphological method. in the present study, we demonstrate the applicability of the 304-bp cytochrome oxidase i gene fragment in molecular identification of forensically important diptera. we analyzed 75 ... | 2013 | 23661266 |
| spatio-temporal dynamics and preference for type of bait in necrophagous insects, particularly native and introduced blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae). | we carried out a year-long survey of insects, using carrion-baited traps in the municipality of campinas and five surrounding municipalities with different urbanization profiles, in southeastern brazil. we studied the spatio-temporal variability and preferences for type of bait of three blow fly species that are forensically important in brazil: chrysomya albiceps (wiedemann), chrysomya megacephala (f.), and lucilia eximia (wiedemann). all three species preferred chicken. c. albiceps and l. exim ... | 2013 | 23540131 |
| an update of the blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) of the galápagos islands, and first record of chrysomya rufifacies (macquart) from mainland ecuador. | seven species of calliphoridae are reported from the galápagos islands, ecuador: lucilia pionia (walker), l. setosa (james), l. deceptor (curran), l. eximia (wiedemann), cochliomyia macellaria (fabricius), chrysomya albiceps (wiedemann), and chrysomya megacephala (fabricius). lucilia eximia is newly recorded from the islands. lucilia sp. near pionia is recorded from the island of española. the distribution and collection records of these species are discussed and listed, and a key to their ident ... | 2013 | 25113695 |
| morphology and identification of first instars of the european and mediterranean blowflies of forensic importance. part i: chrysomyinae. | light microscopy photographs, line illustrations and scanning electron micrographs are provided for first instars of chrysomya albiceps (wiedemann), chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) and protophormia terraenovae (robineau-desvoidy) (all: diptera: calliphoridae). the following morphological structures are documented: pseudocephalon; antennal complex; maxillary palpus; facial mask; thoracic and abdominal spinulation; spiracular field; posterior spiracles, and cephaloskeleton. new diagnostic featur ... | 2013 | 22827166 |
| carrion flies of forensic interest: a study of seasonal community composition and succession in lisbon, portugal. | information on diptera community, seasonality and successional patterns in every geographical region is fundamental for the use of flies as forensic indicators of time of death. in order to obtain these data from the lisbon area (portugal), experiments were conducted during the four seasons of the year, using piglet carcasses as animal models. five stages were recognized during the decomposition process. the stages, besides visually defined, could be separated taking into account the occurrence ... | 2012 | 22765479 |
| diversity and synanthropy of calliphoridae (diptera) in the region of rio claro, sp, brazil. | dipteran blowflies (calliphoridae) are of great medical and hygienic importance as vectors of pathogens and as parasites of living and dead tissue, and their association with carrion allows their use in forensic entomology. the objective of this study was to determine the synanthropic index of adult calliphoridae (diptera) collected in rio claro, são paulo. sampling occurred between september 2009 and august 2010. traps baited with sardines, beef liver, and minced meat were assessed for five con ... | 2012 | 23950050 |
| volume of larvae is the most important single predictor of mass temperatures in the forensically important calliphorid, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae). | calliphorid species form larval aggregations that are capable of generating heat above ambient temperature. we wanted to determine the relationship between volume, number of larvae, and different combinations of instars on larval mass heat generation. we compared different numbers of chrysomya megacephala (f.) larvae (40, 100, 250, 600, and 2,000), and different combinations of instars (∼50/50 first and second instars, 100% second instars, ∼50/50 second and third instars, and 100% third instars) ... | 2017 | 28082629 |
| chemotaxonomic profile and intraspecific variation in the blow fly of forensic interest chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae). | necrophagous insects such as blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) are considered crucial in forensic entomology. identification at species level and determination of larval stage are the basis for estimation of postmortem interval (pmi). insect evidence can also be used in the determination of crime scenes, since body displacement is common. the aim of this study was to determine the chemotaxonomic profile and intraspecific variability of the forensically important blow fly chrysomya megacephala ... | 2017 | 28082627 |
| species-level identification of the blowfly chrysomya megacephala and other diptera in china by dna barcoding. | the blowfly chrysomya megacephala, or oriental latrine fly, is the most common human-associated fly of the oriental and australasian regions. chrysomya megacephala is of particular interest for its use in forensic entomology and because it is a disease vector. the larvae are economically important as feed for livestock and in traditional chinese medicine. identification of adults is straightforward, but larvae and fragments of adults are difficult to identify. we collected c. megacephala, its al ... | 2017 | 28044459 |
| isolation of the male-specific transformer exon as a method for immature specimen sex identification in chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae). | being able to efficiently differentiate between male and female individuals in the immature forms of insects allows for investigations into sexually dimorphic patterns of growth rates and gene expression. for species lacking sex-specific morphological characteristics during these periods, alternative methods must be devised. commonly, isolation of sex determination genes reveals sex-specific band patterns and allows for markers that can be used in insect control. for blow flies, a family that in ... | 2017 | 28031348 |
| comparative fly species composition on indoor and outdoor forensic cases in malaysia. | forensic entomology refers to the science of collection and analysis of insect evidence in order to determine the minimum time period since death. this study aimed to investigate the occurrence of forensically important flies on 34 human remains referred to universiti kebangsaan malaysia medical centre over a period of three years. entomological specimens were collected at the death scenes and/or during autopsies. live specimens were reared into adults while preserved specimens were processed fo ... | 2017 | 27997861 |
| first report of oriental latrine flies causing vaginal myiasis in human. | the present paper reports a case of human vaginal myiasis in a 22 year old woman. this is the first report of this fly species to cause vaginal myiasis in human till now. the infested maggots were removed from the vagina and cultured in laboratory. entomological studies on the emerged flies showed that the infested larvae were oriental latrine fly chrysomya megacephala fabricius. clinical presentation and treatment strategies are discussed also. | 2016 | 27876924 |
| development of the oriental latrine fly, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae), at five constant temperatures. | chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) is a forensically important fly that is found throughout the tropics and subtropics. we calculated the accumulated development time and transition points for each life stage from eclosion to adult emergence at five constant temperatures: 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °c. for each transition, the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles were calculated with a logistic linear model. the mean transition times and % survivorship were determined directly from the raw laboratory dat ... | 2017 | 27816915 |
| evaluating the effects of different vegetation types on necrophagous fly communities (diptera: calliphoridae; sarcophagidae): implications for conservation. | the present study was conducted in five different phytogeographic zones of the brazilian state of maranhão, three of which (the amazon forest, cerrado, and palm groves) are more heterogeneous, whereas the other two (marshlands and mangroves) are more homogeneous. in each zone, nine sites were visited for the collection of necrophagous flies using bait traps in 2010, 2011, and 2012. the calliphorid and sarcophagid communities observed at each site were compared in terms of species richness, compo ... | 2016 | 27798664 |
| developmental times of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae) at constant temperatures and applications in forensic entomology. | the characteristic life stages of infesting blowflies (calliphoridae) such as chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) are powerful evidence for estimating the death time of a corpse, but an established reference of developmental times for local blowfly species is required. we determined the developmental rates of c. megacephala from southwest china at seven constant temperatures (16-34°c). isomegalen and isomorphen diagrams were constructed based on the larval length and time for each developmental ev ... | 2016 | 27581209 |
| dataset of traumatic myiasis observed for three dominant screw worm species in north west pakistan with first report of wohlfahrtia magnifica (schiner). | regional surveys were carried out in different parts of north west pakistan among domestic animals (n=57,921) including pets and livestock identifying cases of traumatic myiasis (n=1037). a total of four surveys focused general livestock population during eid ul adha (eid surveys; incidence=1.21%) while another four surveys (miscellaneous surveys; incidence=7.34%) targeted animal population brought to veterinary hospitals and dispensaries. timeframe spanned four years from 2012 to 2015. maggots ... | 2016 | 27570812 |
| volume of larvae is the most important single predictor of mass temperatures in the forensically important calliphorid, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae). | calliphorid species form larval aggregations that are capable of generating heat above ambient temperature. we wanted to determine the relationship between volume, number of larvae, and different combinations of instars on larval mass heat generation. we compared different numbers of chrysomya megacephala (f.) larvae (40, 100, 250, 600, and 2,000), and different combinations of instars (∼50/50 first and second instars, 100% second instars, ∼50/50 second and third instars, and 100% third instars) ... | 2016 | 27550079 |
| the classic episode of biological invasion: cochliomyia macellaria (fabricius, 1775) versus chrysomya megacephala (fabricius, 1794) (diptera: calliphoridae) - evaluation of the biotic potential. | the classic episode of biological invasion: cochliomyia macellaria (fabricius, 1775) versus chrysomya megacephala (fabricius, 1794) (diptera: calliphoridae) - evaluation of the biotic potential. the biotic of the native fly cochliomyia macellaria and the exotic chrysomya megacephala was compared, through the reproductive capacity and longevity. the experiment took place in a climatized chamber, with four repetitions of 15 grouped couples of each species. the posture, egg mass weight, and death o ... | 2016 | 27508990 |
| the forensically important blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae), is more likely to walk than fly to carrion at low light levels. | one factor that influences estimates of time since death using entomological evidence is whether or not blow flies nocturnally oviposit. field studies focusing on egg laying have found it occurs on an inconsistent basis. a key but poorly understood factor in nocturnal oviposition is a blow fly's ability to locate carrion under low light levels. it has been speculated that blow flies are more likely to walk than fly to carrion during the night, but this has not been empirically tested. we directl ... | 2016 | 27343754 |
| seasonal, locality, and habitat variation in assemblages of carrion-associated diptera in gauteng province, south africa. | seasonal, spatial, and habitat responses of carrion-associated diptera assemblages can provide valuable information about the presence or absence of species and their relative abundance, and thereby enhance understanding of their responses to environmental variables and how this may have an impact on forensic investigations. three different nature reserves (localities) within the municipality of tshwane, south africa, were selected to determine whether species assemblages of carrion-feeding flie ... | 2016 | 27330098 |
| chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae) oviposition behavior in previous oviposition situation. | blowflies use their sense of smell to locate oviposition substrates and their vision to direct and assist in landing decision. blowflies' ovipositions are usually aggregated. chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) females, for example, prefer to lay eggs on substrates containing fresh eggs of the same species. however, it is possible that females would be capable of evaluating the substrate, reducing the size of egg cluster in sites with a high amount of eggs or larvae, or finding another site for la ... | 2016 | 27295050 |
| the effect of flunitrazepam (rohypnol(®) ) on the development of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius, 1794) (diptera: calliphoridae) and its implications for forensic entomology. | this study investigated the potential effects of flunitrazepam (known as "date rape drug") on the developmental cycle of chrysomya megacephala, an important forensic species, and their possible implications for the calculation of the pmi. a 1050 c. megacephala eggs were divided into five groups with seven replications each. the eggs were placed on artificial diet prepared with four drug concentrations of flunitrazepam (4, 8, 16, and 32 ng/g), besides the control group (prepared with water). were ... | 2016 | 27143233 |
| assemblage of necrophagous diptera in atlantic insular environments and response to different levels of human presence. | islands act as natural laboratories for ecological studies to explain bioinvasion processes and, in this scenario, necrophagous diptera have never been used as model organisms. this study aimed to (i) describe assemblages of necrophagous diptera (calliphoridae and sarcophagidae) in two insular environments of different origins and distances from mainland, (ii) investigate the effect of anthropogenic impact on the assemblage of carrion flies, (iii) to quantify the establishment of invasive specie ... | 2016 | 27040531 |
| pandora bullata (entomophthoromycota: entomophthorales) affecting calliphorid flies in central brazil. | fungi are where one finds them, and if one seeks fungal pathogens affecting flies, then a garbage dump may be an ideal place to find both persistent, abundant fly populations and their fungal pathogens. an obvious fungal epizootic affecting the oriental latrine fly, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae), was observed over several days in mid-february 2015 at the local garbage dump adjacent to the city of cavalcante, northern goiás. this site harbored large populations of both c. megacep ... | 2016 | 26968351 |
| large-scale mitogenomics enables insights into schizophora (diptera) radiation and population diversity. | true flies are insects of the order diptera and encompass one of the most diverse groups of animals on earth. within dipterans, schizophora represents a recent radiation of insects that was used as a model to develop a pipeline for generating complete mitogenomes using various sequencing platforms and strategies. 91 mitogenomes from 32 different species were sequenced and assembled with high fidelity, using amplicon, whole genome shotgun or single molecule sequencing approaches. based on the nov ... | 2016 | 26912394 |
| patterns of oviposition and development of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae) and chrysomya rufifacies (macquart) (diptera: calliphoridae) on burned rabbit carcasses. | considering that crimes against animals such as illegal killing and cruelty have been alarmingly increasing and since burning is one of the common ways for disposing cadavers, ability to estimate minimum postmortem interval (pmi) using entomological data merits consideration. chrysomya megacephala and chrysomya rufifacies are common necrophagous species recovered from cadavers in many countries including malaysia. specific studies focusing on the oviposition and developmental patterns of both sp ... | 2016 | 26779962 |
| multiple species of scuttle flies (diptera: phoridae) as contaminants in forensic entomology laboratory insect colony. | in forensic entomology, larval rearing usually includes the presence of biological contaminants including scuttle flies (diptera: phoridae). scuttle flies are recognized as forensically important insects and have been reported causing nuisance and contamination in laboratory environments. this paper reports for the first time the finding of multiple scuttle fly species affecting colonies of third instar larvae of the oriental latrine blowfly, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphor ... | 2015 | 26695221 |