| vrn-1 gene- associated prerequisites of spring growth habit in wild tetraploid wheat t. dicoccoides and the diploid a genome species. | in order to clarify the origin of spring growth habit in modern domesticated wheat, allelic variability of the vrn-1 gene was investigated in a wide set of accessions of the wild tetraploid species triticum dicoccoides (bbaa), together with diploid species t. monococcum, t. boeoticum and t. urartu, presumable donors of the a genome to polyploid wheats. | 2015 | 25888295 |
| correction: multi-approaches analysis reveals local adaptation in the emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) at macro- but not micro-geographical scale. | | 2015 | 25886637 |
| discovery, evaluation and distribution of haplotypes and new alleles of the photoperiod-a1 gene in wheat. | photoperiod response in wheat is determined to a large extent by the homoeologous series of photoperiod 1 (ppd1) genes. in this study, ppd-a1 genomic sequences from the 5' utr and promoter region were analysed in 104 accessions of six tetraploid wheat species (triticum dicoccoides, t. dicoccum, t. turgidum, t. polonicum, t. carthlicum, t. durum) and 102 accessions of six hexaploid wheat species (t. aestivum, t. compactum, t. sphaerococcum, t. spelta, t. macha, t. vavilovii). this data was supple ... | 2015 | 25851614 |
| multi-approaches analysis reveals local adaptation in the emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) at macro- but not micro-geographical scale. | detecting local adaptation and its spatial scale is one of the most important questions of evolutionary biology. however, recognition of the effect of local selection can be challenging when there is considerable environmental variation across the distance at the whole species range. we analyzed patterns of local adaptation in emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, at two spatial scales, small (inter-population distance less than one km) and large (inter-population distance more than 50 km) using se ... | 2015 | 25793512 |
| novel lmw glutenin subunit genes from wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) in relation to glu-3 evolution. | four low-molecular-weight-isoleucine (lmw-i)-type and one novel chimeric (between lmw-i and lmw-methionine (m) types) low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) genes were characterized from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides), designated as emmer-1 to emmer-5. all five lmw-gs genes possessed the same primary structure shared by other published lmw-gss. the three genes emmer-1, emmer-3, and emmer-5 are similar, with the exception that emmer-3 and emmer-5 lost a few repeat motifs compared ... | 2015 | 25420747 |
| high environmental stress yields greater tocotrienol content while changing vitamin e profiles of wild emmer wheat seeds. | vitamin e is an essential human nutrient that was first isolated from wheat. emmer wheat, the cereal of old world agriculture and a precursor to durum wheat, grows wild in the fertile crescent. evolution canyon, israel, provides a microsite that models effects of contrasting environments. the north-facing and south-facing slopes exhibit low and high stress environments, respectively. wild emmer wheat seeds were collected from both slopes and seed tocochromanol contents measured to test the hypot ... | 2015 | 25105230 |
| introduction beyond a species range: a relationship between population origin, adaptive potential and plant performance. | the adaptive potential of a population defines its importance for species survival in changing environmental conditions such as global climate change. very few empirical studies have examined adaptive potential across species' ranges, namely, of edge vs core populations, and we are unaware of a study that has tested adaptive potential (namely, variation in adaptive traits) and measured performance of such populations in conditions not currently experienced by the species but expected in the futu ... | 2014 | 24690758 |
| molecular and comparative mapping of genes governing spike compactness from wild emmer wheat. | the development and morphology of the wheat spike is important because the spike is where reproduction occurs and it holds the grains until harvest. therefore, genes that influence spike morphology are of interest from both theoretical and practical stand points. when substituted for the native chromosome 2a in the tetraploid langdon (ldn) durum wheat background, the triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides chromosome 2a from accession israela confers a short, compact spike with fewer spikelets per sp ... | 2014 | 24652470 |
| comparative high-resolution mapping of the wax inhibitors iw1 and iw2 in hexaploid wheat. | the wax (glaucousness) on wheat leaves and stems is mainly controlled by two sets of genes: glaucousness loci (w1 and w2) and non-glaucousness loci (iw1 and iw2). the non-glaucousness (iw) loci act as inhibitors of the glaucousness loci (w). high-resolution comparative genetic linkage maps of the wax inhibitors iw1 originating from triticum dicoccoides, and iw2 from aegilops tauschii were developed by comparative genomics analyses of brachypodium, sorghum and rice genomic sequences corresponding ... | 2013 | 24376835 |
| snp-revealed genetic diversity in wild emmer wheat correlates with ecological factors. | patterns of genetic diversity between and within natural plant populations and their driving forces are of great interest in evolutionary biology. however, few studies have been performed on the genetic structure and population divergence in wild emmer wheat using a large number of est-related single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers. | 2013 | 23937410 |
| genetic mapping of qtl for resistance to fusarium head blight spread (type 2 resistance) in a triticum dicoccoides × triticum durum backcross-derived population. | improvement of resistance to fusarium head blight (fhb) is a continuous challenge for durum wheat breeders, particularly due to the limited genetic variation within this crop species. we accordingly generated a backcross-derived mapping population using the type 2 fhb resistant triticum dicoccoides line mt. gerizim #36 as donor and the modern austrian t. durum cultivar helidur as recipient; 103 bc1f6:7 lines were phenotyped for type 2 fhb resistance using single-spikelet inoculations and genotyp ... | 2013 | 23921957 |
| large deletions in the cbf gene cluster at the fr-b2 locus are associated with reduced frost tolerance in wheat. | wheat plants which are exposed to periods of low temperatures (cold acclimation) exhibit increased survival rates when they are subsequently exposed to freezing temperatures. this process is associated with large-scale changes in the transcriptome which are modulated by a set of tandemly duplicated c-repeat binding factor (cbf) transcription factors located at the frost resistance-2 (fr-2) locus. while arabidopsis has three tandemly duplicated cbf genes, the cbf family in wheat has undergone an ... | 2013 | 23884601 |
| dehydration stress-responsive mirna in brachypodium distachyon: evident by genome-wide screening of micrornas expression. | there is a lack of knowledge on the tissue-specific expression of mirnas in response to dehydration stress in brachypodium (brachypodium distachyon (l.) beauv), a model for temperate grass species. in this study, mirna expression patterns of drought-tolerant brachypodium were investigated using the mirna microarray platform. a total of 205 mirnas in control and 438 mirnas in both drought-treated leaf and root tissues were expressed. seven of the detected brachypodium mirnas were dehydration stre ... | 2011 | 22122669 |
| genomic, rna, and ecological divergences of the revolver transposon-like multi-gene family in triticeae. | revolver is a newly discovered multi-gene family of transposable elements in the triticeae genome. revolver encompasses 2929 to 3041 bp, has 20 bp of terminal inverted repeated sequences at both ends, and contains a transcriptionally active gene encoding a dna-binding-like protein. a putative tata box is located at base 221, with a cap site at base 261 and a possible polyadenylation signal aataaa at base 2918. revolver shows considerable quantitative variation in wheat and its relatives. | 2011 | 21943048 |
| genetic analysis of wheat domestication and evolution under domestication. | wheat is undoubtedly one of the world's major food sources since the dawn of near eastern agriculture and up to the present day. morphological, physiological, and genetic modifications involved in domestication and subsequent evolution under domestication were investigated in a tetraploid recombinant inbred line population, derived from a cross between durum wheat and its immediate progenitor wild emmer wheat. experimental data were used to test previous assumptions regarding a protracted domest ... | 2011 | 21778183 |
| alteration in expression of hormone-related genes in wild emmer wheat roots associated with drought adaptation mechanisms. | transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles were used to unravel drought adaptation mechanisms in wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides), the progenitor of cultivated wheat, by comparing the response to drought stress in roots of genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance. the differences between the drought resistant (r) and drought susceptible (s) genotypes were characterized mainly by shifts in expression of hormone-related genes (e.g., gibberellins, abscisic acid (aba) and auxin), ... | 2011 | 21656015 |
| mirna expression patterns of triticum dicoccoides in response to shock drought stress. | drought is a major environmental stress factor that affects plant growth and development worldwide. wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides), the ancestor of domesticated durum wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. durum), has great potential for improving the understanding of the wheat drought response. micrornas (mirnas) are a recently discovered class of gene expression regulators that have also been linked to several plant stress responses; however, this relationship is just beginning t ... | 2011 | 21069383 |
| rapid linkage disequilibrium decay in the lr10 gene in wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) populations. | recombination is a key evolutionary factor enhancing diversity. however, the effect of recombination on diversity in inbreeding species is expected to be low. to estimate this effect, recombination and diversity patterns of lr10 gene were studied in natural populations of the inbreeder species, wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides). wild emmer wheat is the progenitor of most cultivated wheats and it harbors rich genetic resources for disease resistance. lr10 is a leaf rust resistance gene enco ... | 2011 | 20859611 |
| the impact of single nucleotide polymorphism in monomeric alpha-amylase inhibitor genes from wild emmer wheat, primarily from israel and golan. | various enzyme inhibitors act on key insect gut digestive hydrolases, including alpha-amylases and proteinases. alpha-amylase inhibitors have been widely investigated for their possible use in strengthening a plant's defense against insects that are highly dependent on starch as an energy source. we attempted to unravel the diversity of monomeric alpha-amylase inhibitor genes of israeli and golan heights' wild emmer wheat with different ecological factors (e.g., geography, water, and temperature ... | 2010 | 20534122 |
| multilevel regulation and signalling processes associated with adaptation to terminal drought in wild emmer wheat. | low water availability is the major environmental factor limiting crop productivity. transcriptome analysis was used to study terminal drought response in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, genotypes contrasting in their productivity and yield stability under drought stress. a total of 5,892 differentially regulated transcripts were identified between drought and well-watered control and/or between drought resistant (r) and drought susceptible (s) genotypes. functional enrichment analyses r ... | 2010 | 20333536 |
| genetic diversity for grain nutrients in wild emmer wheat: potential for wheat improvement. | micronutrient malnutrition, particularly zinc and iron deficiency, afflicts over three billion people worldwide due to low dietary intake. in the current study, wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides), the progenitor of domesticated wheat, was tested for (1) genetic diversity in grain nutrient concentrations, (2) associations among grain nutrients and their relationships with plant productivity, and (3) the association of grain nutrients with the eco-geographical origin of wild emm ... | 2010 | 20202969 |
| [intraspecific divergence in wheats of the emmer group using in situ hybridization with the spelt1 family of tandem repeats]. | fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) was used to study the distribution of spelt1 repetitive dna sequences on chromosomes of 37 accessions representing eight polyploidy wheat species of the emmer evolutionary lineage: triticum dicoccoides körn, t. dicoccum (schrank) schuebel, t. durum desf., t. polonicum l., t. carthlicum nevski, t. aethiopicum jabbz., t. aestivum l., and t. spelta l. substantial polymorphism in the number, distribution, and the sizes of the spelt1 loci was revealed. on the ... | 2009 | 20058802 |
| drought and salt tolerances in wild relatives for wheat and barley improvement. | drought and salinity are the major abiotic stresses that dramatically threaten the food supply in the world. tribe triticeae, including wheat and barley, possesses tremendous potential for drought and salt tolerance that has been extensively and practically identified, tested, and transferred to wheat cultivars with proven expression of tolerance in experimental trials. triticum dicoccoides and hordeum spontaneum, the progenitors of cultivated wheat and barley, have adapted to a broad range of e ... | 2010 | 20040064 |
| divergent diversity patterns of nbs and lrr domains of resistance gene analogs in wild emmer wheat populations. | disease resistance (r) genes are intriguing in their evolution and diversity patterns because of their constant interactions with evolving pathogens. in this study, we demonstrate the use of resistance gene analog (rga) markers to estimate genetic diversity among 13 populations (118 genotypes) of triticum dicoccoides collected along a natural aridity gradient in israel. the diversity patterns of 204 markers derived from two r-gene domains, nucleotide binding site (nbs) and leucine-rich repeat (l ... | 2009 | 19483774 |
| quantitative trait loci conferring grain mineral nutrient concentrations in durum wheat x wild emmer wheat ril population. | mineral nutrient malnutrition, and particularly deficiency in zinc and iron, afflicts over 3 billion people worldwide. wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, genepool harbors a rich allelic repertoire for mineral nutrients in the grain. the genetic and physiological basis of grain protein, micronutrients (zinc, iron, copper and manganese) and macronutrients (calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and sulfur) concentration was studied in tetraploid wheat population of 152 recomb ... | 2009 | 19407982 |
| [an improved method of genomic in situ hybridization (gish) for distinguishing closely related genomes of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat species]. | an improved modification of genomic in situ hybridization (gish) was proposed. it allows clear and reproducible discrimination between closely related genomes of both tetraploid and hexaploid wheat species due to preannealing of labeled dna probes and prehybridization of chromosomal samples with blocking dna. the method was applied to analyze intergenomic translocations 6a:6b and 1a:6b identified in the ig46147 and ig116188 samples of tetraploid wheat triticum dicoccoides by c-banding. the struc ... | 2009 | 19405447 |
| est-ssr diversity correlated with ecological and genetic factors of wild emmer wheat in israel. | the differentiation of genetic diversity was estimated among 15 wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) populations of the macrogeographic scale in israel by 25 est-ssr markers. a total of 92 est-ssr alleles were detected, and the number of alleles ranged from 1 to 7 with an average of 3.68 per locus. allele numbers and the polymorphic information content (pic)value of est-ssr loci on the b genome were higher than those on the a genome. the genetic similarity coefficient (gs)varied from 0.189 to ... | 2009 | 19360986 |
| quantitative trait locus mapping of increased fusarium head blight susceptibility associated with a wild emmer wheat chromosome. | chromosome 2a of wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) genotype israel a increases fusarium head blight (fhb) severity when present in durum wheat (t. turgidum var. durum) cv. langdon (ldn). the goal of this study was to identify regions of israel a chromosome 2a associated with this difference in resistance. a recombinant inbred chromosome line population (ricl) from a cross between ldn and the ldn-israel a chromosome 2a substitution line [ldn(dic-2a)] was employed for analysis. ... | 2009 | 19271987 |
| genomic dissection of drought resistance in durum wheat x wild emmer wheat recombinant inbreed line population. | drought is the major factor limiting wheat productivity worldwide. the gene pool of wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, harbours a rich allelic repertoire for morpho-physiological traits conferring drought resistance. the genetic and physiological bases of drought responses were studied here in a tetraploid wheat population of 152 recombinant inbreed lines (rils), derived from a cross between durum wheat (cv. langdon) and wild emmer (acc# g18-16), under contrasting water availa ... | 2009 | 19220786 |
| sequencing over 13 000 expressed sequence tags from six subtractive cdna libraries of wild and modern wheats following slow drought stress. | a deeper understanding of the drought response and genetic improvement of the cultivated crops for better tolerance requires attention because of the complexity of the drought response syndrome and the loss of genetic diversity during domestication. we initially screened about 200 wild emmer wheat genotypes and then focused on 26 of these lines, which led to the selection of two genotypes with contrasting responses to water deficiency. six subtractive cdna libraries were constructed, and over 13 ... | 2009 | 19054353 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of four novel lmw glutenin subunit genes from aegilops longissima, triticum dicoccoides and t. zhukovskyi. | this paper reports cloning and characterisation of four novel low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) genes (designated as tzlmw-m2, tzlmw-m1, tdlmw-m1 and allmw-m2) from the genomic dna of triticum dicoccoides, t. zhukovskyi and aegilops longissima. the coding regions of tzlmw-m2, tzlmw-m1, tdlmw-m1 and allmw-m2 were 1056 bp, 903 bp, 1056 bp and 1050 bp in length, encoding 350, 300, 350 and 348 amino acid residues, respectively. the deduced amino acid sequences showed that the four novel ... | 2008 | 18503711 |
| genetic structure of wild emmer wheat populations as reflected by transcribed versus anonymous ssr markers. | simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers have become a major tool in population genetic analyses. the anonymous genomic ssrs (gssrs) have been recently supplemented with expressed sequence tag (est) derived ssrs (essrs), which represent the transcribed regions of the genome. in the present study, we used 8 populations of wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides) to compare the usefulness of the two types of ssr markers in assessing allelic diversity and population structure. gssrs reve ... | 2008 | 18356954 |
| allelic diversity associated with aridity gradient in wild emmer wheat populations. | the association between allelic diversity and ecogeographical variables was studied in natural populations of wild emmer wheat [triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides (körn.) thell.], the tetraploid progenitor of cultivated wheat. patterns of allelic diversity in 54 microsatellite loci were analyzed in a collection of 145 wild emmer wheat accessions representing 25 populations that were sampled across naturally occurring aridity gradient in israel and surrounding regions. the obtained results reveal ... | 2008 | 17908203 |
| spatio-temporal genetic variation in populations of wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, as revealed by aflp analysis. | genetic structure of natural populations of wild crop relatives has been the subject of many studies. yet, most of them focused on the assessment of spatial genetic diversity, while information on long-term variation, affected by yearly changes, has been considered only in few cases. the present study aimed therefore, to estimate the spatio-temporal genetic variation in populations of wild emmer wheat, the progenitor of domesticated wheat, and to assess the contribution of spatial versus tempora ... | 2007 | 17447050 |
| molecular characterization of of alpha-gliadin genes from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides). | according to the two distal and conserved regions of known alpha-gliadin genes, gene-specific primers for alpha-gliadin were designed, and the coding regions of four gliadin genes (i.e. glitd-1, glitd-2, glitd-3 and glitd-4) with the length of about 800 bp were isolated from the genomic dna of wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides). no introns were observed. sequence comparison indicated that these genes should be classified as alpha-gliadins. glitd-3 (genbank accession no.dq140351) and glitd-4 ... | 2006 | 17381042 |
| molecular characterization of a hmw glutenin subunit allele providing evidence for silencing of x-type gene on glu-b1. | understanding the molecular structure of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) may provide useful evidence for the study on the improvement of quality of cultivated wheat and the evolution of glu-1 alleles. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) shows that the subunits encoded by glu-b1 were null, named 1bxm, in a triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides line pi94640. primers based on the conserved regions in wheat hmw-gs gene promoter and coding sequences were ... | 2006 | 17046593 |
| application of fluorescence-based resistance gene analog analysis for genotyping plant genetic resources. | conventional approaches for detecting disease resistance gene analogs (rgas) in plants are based on agarose gels or on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) in combination with silver staining or radioactive labeling. a modified method for rga analysis has been developed by using fluorescence-labeled primers for pcr amplifications. the amplified fragments are detected by denaturing page using an automated laser fluorescence dna sequencer and analyzed by fragment analysis software. this techn ... | 2005 | 15703869 |
| chromosomal location of genes for novel glutenin subunits and gliadins in wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum l. var. dicoccoides). | the glutenin and gliadin proteins of wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum l. var. dicoccoides, have potential for improvement of durum wheat ( t. turgidum l. var. durum) quality. the objective of this study was to determine the chromosomes controlling the high molecular weight (hmw) glutenin subunits and gliadin proteins present in three t. turgidum var. dicoccoides accessions (israel-a, pi-481521, and pi-478742), which were used as chromosome donors in langdon durum- t. turgidum var. dicoccoides ... | 2004 | 14727030 |
| a genetic linkage map of the durum x triticum dicoccoides backcross population based on ssrs and aflp markers, and qtl analysis for milling traits. | durum wheat ( triticum turgidum l. var durum) is mainly produced and consumed in the mediterranean region; it is used to produce several specific end-products; such as local pasta, couscous and burghul. to study the genetics of grain-milling quality traits, chromosomal locations, and interaction with the environment, a genetic linkage map of durum was constructed and the quantitative trait loci qtls for the milling-related traits, test weight (tw) and thousand-kernel weight (tkw), were identifie ... | 2004 | 14676946 |
| genetic effects on microsatellite diversity in wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) at the yehudiyya microsite, israel. | this study investigated allele size constraints and clustering, and genetic effects on microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, ssr) diversity at 28 loci comprising seven types of tandem repeated dinucleotide motifs in a natural population of wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, from a shade vs sun microsite in yehudiyya, northeast of the sea of galilee, israel. it was found that allele distribution at ssr loci is clustered and constrained with lower or higher boundary. this may imply that ssr ... | 2003 | 12634821 |
| domestication quantitative trait loci in triticum dicoccoides, the progenitor of wheat. | wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, is the progenitor of modern tetraploid and hexaploid cultivated wheats. our objective was to map domestication-related quantitative trait loci (qtl) in t. dicoccoides. the studied traits include brittle rachis, heading date, plant height, grain size, yield, and yield components. our mapping population was derived from a cross between t. dicoccoides and triticum durum. approximately 70 domestication qtl effects were detected, nonrandomly distributed among a ... | 2003 | 12604784 |
| climatic effects on microsatellite diversity in wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) at the yehudiyya microsite, israel. | microsatellite (ssr) diversity at 28 loci comprising seven types of tandem dinucleotide repeated motifs was analyzed in 105 individual plants of wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, from a microsite in yehudiyya, northeast of the sea of galilee, israel. the study area was less than 1000 m(2) and involved 12 paired plots distributed in a mosaic pattern. each experiment involved very close (a few meters apart), but sharply divergent, microclimatic niches in the open park forest of tabor oak: (1 ... | 2002 | 12136415 |
| repetitive dnas of wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) and their relation to s-genome species: molecular cytogenetic analysis. | we have analyzed the chromosomal gish molecular banding patterns of three populations of the wild allopolyploid wheat triticum dicoccoides in an attempt to unravel the evolutionary relationships between highly repetitive dna fractions of t. dicoccoides and proposed diploid progenitors of the b genome. aegilops speltoides showed almost complete affinity of its repetitive dna to c-heterochromatin of t. dicoccoides, whereas other s-genome species demonstrated relatedness only to distal heterochroma ... | 2002 | 11962636 |
| high-density molecular map of chromosome region harboring stripe-rust resistance genes yrh52 and yr15 derived from wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides. | two stripe-rust resistance genes, yrh52 and yr15, derived from the israeli wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, have been located on chromosome 1b. the main objectives of the present study were to increase marker density in the vicinity of yrh52 gene by means of aflp, rapd and microsatellite markers, to improve the map of another t dicoccoides-derived stripe-rust resistance gene yr15 using microsatellite markers, and to preliminarily discriminate these two genes. additional 26 marker loci com ... | 2000 | 11430483 |
| meiotic metaphase i pairing behavior of a 5bl recombinant isochromosome in wheat. | a recombinant isochromosome i5blrec of wheat was developed with one arm and the proximal 36% of the other arm of chinese spring (cs) origin and the distal 64% of the recombined arm of triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides origin. the i5blrec provides an unusual opportunity to analyze the role of the centromere or arm heterozygosity in chromosome prealignment and synapsis during meiosis. in monosomic condition, the i5blrec formed a ring univalent in 86.8% of the pollen mother cells (pmcs) at meiot ... | 2000 | 11196130 |
| coevolution of a and b genomes in allotetraploid triticum dicoccoides. | data is presented on the coevolution of a and b genomes in allotetraploid wheat triticum dicoccoides (2n = 4x = 28, genome aabb) obtained by genomic in situ hybridization (gish). probing chromosomes of t. dicoccoides with dna from the proposed a/b diploid genome ancestors shows evidence of enriching a-genome with repetitive sequences of b-genome type. thus, ancestral s-genome sequences have spread throughout the ab polyploid genome to a greater extent than have ancestral a-genome sequences. the ... | 2000 | 11195333 |
| molecular genetic maps in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides: genome-wide coverage, massive negative interference, and putative quasi-linkage. | the main objectives of the study reported here were to construct a molecular map of wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, to characterize the marker-related anatomy of the genome, and to evaluate segregation and recombination patterns upon crossing t. dicoccoides with its domesticated descendant triticum durum (cultivar langdon). the total map length exceeded 3000 cm and possibly covered the entire tetraploid genome (aabb). clusters of molecular markers were observed on most of the 14 chromoso ... | 2000 | 11042150 |
| microsatellite diversity correlated with ecological-edaphic and genetic factors in three microsites of wild emmer wheat in north israel. | this study was conducted to test the effects of internal (genetic) and external factors on allelic diversity at 27 dinucleotide microsatellite (simple sequence repeat [ssr]) loci in three israeli natural populations of triticum dicoccoides from ammiad, tabigha, and yehudiyya, north of the sea of galilee. the results demonstrated that ssr diversity is correlated with the interaction of ecological and genetic factors. genetic factors, including genome (a vs. b), chromosome, motif, and locus, affec ... | 2000 | 10833191 |
| c-banding analysis on wild emmer (triticum dicoccoides körn) strains with and without spontaneous reciprocal translocations. | c-banding polymorphism was analyzed in eight strains of wild emmer, triticum dicoccoides körn, which included six translocation homozygotes reported previously. polymorphisms were detected in all of the strains examined, and the breakpoints of five spontaneous translocations were successfully identified by c-bands. of the eight breakpoints that could be precisely identified, one was located in the centromeric region while the remaining seven were located in proximal to distal euchromatic regions ... | 1996 | 24166165 |
| chromosome translocations in wild populations of tetraploid emmer wheat in israel and turkey. | translocation frequencies (as compared to the standard chromosome arrangement typified by that in 'chinese spring') in 9 or more genotypes from each of 15 populations of triticum dicoccoides in israel were determined. data also were obtained from 2 genotypes of the southernmost population (jaba). a single population from turkey was also investigated. there were 119 genotypes with translocations in the sample of 171 genotypes investigated (70%). the frequency of translocations in different popula ... | 1995 | 24169905 |
| wheat storage proteins: glutenin dna diversity in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoids, in israel and turkey. 3. environmental correlates and allozymic associations. | the diversity of high-molecular-weight (hmw) and low-molecular-weight (lmw) glutenin subunits in the tetraploid wild progenitor of wheat, triticum dicoccoides, was studied at the dna level by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the dna diversity of hmw and lmw glutenins was shown to be correlated to environmental physical and biotic factors (climate, soil and pathogen resistance) and to allozyme variation. we conclude that glutenin dna diversity is nonrandomly distributed and could be more opti ... | 1995 | 24169830 |
| wheat storage proteins: glutenin diversity in wild emmer, triticum dicoccoides, in israel and turkey. 2. dna diversity detected by pcr. | germplasm of triticum dicoccoides collected from different environments in israel was evaluated by using the pcr as a molecular marker. two pairs of primers were used in the pcr in amplifying the dna tracts coding the high-and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits. analyses reveal great variability within and between populations indicating the high values of this germplasm for future breeding programs to improve the protein quality in wheat. | 1995 | 24169829 |
| wheat phylogeny determined by rflp analysis of nuclear dna. 2. wild tetraploid wheats. | intra- and inter-specific variations in the nuclear dna of triticum dicoccoides körn. (2n = 28, genome constitution aabb) and t. araraticum jakubz. (2n = 28, aagg), wild species, respectively, of the emmer and timopheevi group, were studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. total dnas of 32 t. dicoccoides and 24 t. araraticum accessions, collected from throughout the distribution areas of these species, were treated with two 6-bp cutters and hybridized with 30 nuclear ... | 1995 | 24173794 |
| storage-protein variation in wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp.dicoccoides) from jordan and turkey. i. electrophoretic characterization of genotypes. | seed storage-protein variation at theglu-a1,glu-b1 andgli-b1/glu-b3 loci in the tetraploid wild progenitor of wheat,t. dicoccoides, was studied electrophoretically in 315 individuals representing nine populations from jordan and three from turkey. a total of 44 different hmw-glutenin patterns were identified, resulting from the combination of 15 alleles in the a genome and 19 in the b genome. twenty-seven new allelic variants, 12 at theglu-a1 locus and 15 at theglu-b1 locus, were identified by c ... | 1993 | 24193595 |
| genetic polymorphisms of α- and β-amylase isozymes in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, in israel. | α- and β-amylase isozyme diversity was studied electrophoretically by thin-layer polyacrylamide gel isoelectrofocusing in the tetraploid wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, the progenitor of all cultivated wheats. we analyzed 225 plants from 23 populations encompassing the ecological spectrum of t. dicoccoides in israel. the results were as follows: (a) band and multilocus genotype polymorphisms abound and vary within and between the four amylase components: malt, green (α-amylases), and dry ... | 1993 | 24196155 |
| herbicide response polymorphisms in wild emmer wheat: ecological and isozyme correlations. | we demonstrate that the scores and frequencies of chlortoluron (ct) and metoxuron (mx) resistance and susceptible phenotypes of wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, are correlated with ecological factors and allozyme markers. some isozyme markers located on chromosome 6b (e.g. adh,est-4 and got), which also harbours the ct and mx resistance gene, provide good genetic markers for herbicide resistance breeding. significant correlations between herbicide and photosynthetic characters suggest tha ... | 1992 | 24203049 |
| photosynthetic performance in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides: ecological and genetic predictability. | in a twin study, we have shown that wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, the progenitor of all cultivated wheats, harbours important genetic variation (vg) in photosynthetic characteristics. this vg resides within and between populations and ecogeographical regions in israel, which is the center of origin and diversity of wild emmer wheat. here we analyzed, by univariate and multivariate methods, the significant differentiation of variation in photosynthetic characteristics of 107 genotypes f ... | 1991 | 24221309 |
| genetic diversity of photosynthetic characters in native populations of triticum dicoccoides. | wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides korn) has shown wide genetic diversity for disease resistance and morpho-physiological traits of economic importance. our objectives were to test for genetic variation (vg) in photosynthetic characteristics residing within and between native populations sampled from three ecogeographical regions of israel, and to identify potential sources of high photosynthetic efficiency for future wheat improvement. accessions sampled in the center of wild emmer distribu ... | 1990 | 24420278 |
| migration patterns and the development of multilocus associations in a selfing annual, triticum dicoccoides. | migration patterns in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, were inferred from single-locus and multilocus genetic distributions based primarily on expectations derived from single-locus and multilocus cline theory. populations from five collections displayed a large amount of multilocus structuring, as indicated by high values of gametic-phase disequilibrium between pairs of loci and by high values of multilocus associations. analyses of the distributions of individual alleles, however, indic ... | 1989 | 28568391 |
| genetic diversity of wild emmer wheat in israel and turkey : structure, evolution, and application in breeding. | allozyme variation in the tetraploid wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, the progenitor of all cultivated wheats, was studied for the proteins encoded by 42 gene loci in 1815 plants representing 37 populations - 33 from israel and 4 from turkey - sampled in 33 localities from 1979 to 1987. the results showed that: (a) 6 loci (14%) were monomorphic in all populations, 15 loci (36%) were locally polymorphic, and 21 loci (50%) were regionally polymorphic. these results are similar to those obta ... | 1989 | 24232622 |
| natural selection of allozyme polymorphisms: a microgeographical differentiation by edaphic, topographical, and temporal factors in wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides). | allozymic variation in proteins encoded by 47 loci was analyzed electrophoretically in 1983/4 and 1984/5 in 356 individual plants of wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, from a microsite at tabigha, north of the sea of galilee, israel. each year the test involved two 100-meter transects, each equally subdivided into basalt and terra rossa soil types, and comparisons were based on 16 common polymorphic loci. significant genetic differentiation, genetic phase disequilibria, and genome organizat ... | 1988 | 24232353 |
| estimation of gene flow and genetic neighborhood size by indirect methods in a selfing annual, triticum dicoccoides. | rates of gene flow and neighborhood area were investigated in the selfing annual, triticum dicoccoides. the collection of seed material was made using a spatial hierarchical sampling design in which four collection sites were 5-7 m apart, four were 15-17 m apart, and four were 100-120 m apart. between 25 and 30 plants were scored from each site (mean sample size = 28.7). two procedures for indirect estimation of gene flow were used on gene-frequency data from 13 polymorphic loci. the estimates o ... | 1987 | 28563596 |
| quantitative variation in the kernel proteins among 841 accessions of triticum dicoccoides estimated by sds-page. | the relative proportion and amount of proteins in five defined molecular weight (mw) regions (a1=above 71,000=71k, a2=71k-49k, a3=49k-31k, a4=31k-20k, a5=20k and less) were estimated by densitometric analyses of the amount of dye bound by kernel proteins (fullington et al. 1980) of triticum dicoccoides sds-page gels. these mw regions roughly correspond to the wheat protein solubility classes (cole et al. 1981; fullington et al. 1983). one purpose of the study was to select accessions whose seed ... | 1986 | 24247934 |
| genetic diversity and environmental associations of wild wheat, triticum dicoccoides, in israel. | allozyme variation in the tetraploid wild progenitor of wheat, triticum dicoccoides, was studied for the proteins encoded by about 50 gene loci in 457 individuals representing 12 populations from israel. six spikelet morphological traits were measured in the same populations. the results indicate that: (a) 16 loci (= 32%) were monomorphic in all 12 populations, 15 loci (= 30%) were locally polymorphic, and 19 loci (= 38%) were regionally polymorphic. all polymorphic loci (but one) displayed high ... | 1982 | 24270617 |