| water relations, gas exchange, and growth of resprouts and mature plant shoots of arbutus unedo l. and quercus ilex l. | resprout and mature plant shoot growth, leaf water status and gas exchange behavior, tissue nutrient content, flowering, and production were studied for co-occurring shallow-rooted (arbutus unedo l.) and deeprooted (quercus ilex l.) mediterranean tree species at the collserola natural park in northeast spain resprouts showed higher growth rates than mature plant shoots. during fall, no differences in eco-physiological performance of leaves were found, but mobilization of carbohydrates from burls ... | 1994 | 28313978 |
| stomatal patchiness in mediterranean evergreen sclerophylls : phenomenology and consequences for the interpretation of the midday depression in photosynthesis and transpiration. | midday depression of net photosynthesis and transpiration in the mediterranean sclerophylls arbutus unedo l. and quercus suber l. occurs with a depression of mesophyll photosynthetic activity as indicated by calculated carboxylation efficiency (ce) and constant diurnal calculated leaf intercellular partial pressure of co2 (ci). this work examines the hypothesis that this midday depression can be explained by the distribution of patches of either wide-open or closed stomata on the leaf surface, i ... | 1992 | 24178151 |
| a fast method to detect the occurrence of nonhomogeneous distribution of stomatal aperture in heterobaric plant leaves : experiments with arbutus unedo l. during the diurnal course. | pressure infiltration of water into a leaf via the stomatal pores can be used to quickly determine whether all stomata are open, or as recently described for several mesophytic and xerophytic species, whether there is a non-homogeneous distribution of stomatal opening (stomatal patchiness) on the leaf surface. information about this phenomenon is important since the commonly used algorithms for calculation of leaf conductance from water vapor exchange measurements imply homogeneously open stomat ... | 1990 | 28313137 |
| photochemical efficiency of photosystem ii, photon yield of o2 evolution, photosynthetic capacity, and carotenoid composition during the midday depression of net co2 uptake in arbutus unedo growing in portugal. | during the "midday depression" of net co2 exchange in the mediterranean sclerophyllous shrub arbutus unedo, examined in the field in portugal during august of 1987, several parameters indicative of photosynthetic competence were strongly and reversibly affected. these were the photochemical efficiency of photosystem (ps) ii, measured as the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence, as well as the photon yield and the capacity of photosynthetic o2 evolution at 10% co2, of which the a ... | 1989 | 24212431 |
| continuous basal sprouting from a lignotuber:arbutus unedo l. anderica arborea l., as woody mediterranean examples. | the two dominant species of the corsican mattoral,arbutus unedo l. anderica arborea l., can produce abundant sprouts from the lignotuber not only immediately after fire but also more or less continuously in the absence of major disturbance. the lignotuber appears to be more important during the early stages of development; the result is an increase in the number of sprouts during the 25 years following the establishment of the individuals. later the lignotuber seems to lose the ability to ensure ... | 1989 | 23494355 |
| determination of carbon-reduction-cycle intermediates in leaves of arbutus unedo l. suffering depressions in photosynthesis after application of abscisic acid or exposure to dry air. | gas exchange and contents of photosynthetic intermediates of leaves of arbutus unedo l. were determined with the aim of recognizing the mechanisms of inhibition that were responsible for the "midday depression" of photosynthesis following exposure to dry air, and the decline in photosynthetic capacity following application of abscisic acid (aba). rapidly killed (<0.1 s) leaf samples were taken when gas analysis showed reduced co2 assimilation. determination of the contents of 3-phosphoglyceric a ... | 1988 | 24226409 |
| effect of photosynthetic photon flux density on carboxylation efficiency. | the effect of photosynthetic photon flux density (ppfd) on photosynthetic response (a) to co(2) partial pressures between 35 pascals and co(2) compensation point (gamma) was investigated, especially below ppfd saturation. spinacia oleracea cv ;atlanta,' glycine max cv ;clark,' and arbutus unedo were studied in detail. the initial slope of the photosynthetic response to co(2) ( partial differentiala/ partial differentialc[gamma]) was constant above a ppfd of about 500 to 600 micromoles per square ... | 1987 | 16665640 |
| constituents of the stems of arbutus unedo. | the dried stems of arbutus unedo have been investigated for secondary metabolites. in addition to the previously reported lupeol, ursolic acid, monotropein, unedoside, and stilbericoside, the iridoids geniposide ( 2) and monotropein methyl ester ( 1) have been isolated for the first time from this source. betulinic acid ( 4) has also been isolated for the first time from this plant. | 1987 | 17269002 |
| use of an analytical model to study limitations on net photosynthesis in arbutus unedo under field conditions. | from field gas-exchange measurements on arbutus unedo growing in portugal, parameter values necessary to apply an analytical, physiologicallybased model of c 3 photosynthesis were obtained. the model successfully simulated measured diurnal photosynthetic responses in arbutus during periods without water stress, under both natural and co2-saturating conditions. the model was used to analyze those factors limiting primary productivity during each of the experimental days. due to a large investment ... | 1986 | 28311926 |
| the midday depression of co2 assimilation in leaves of arbutus unedo l.: diurnal changes in photosynthetic capacity related to changes in temperature and humidity. | parts of attached leaves of the sclerophyllous shrub arbutus unedo were subjected to simulated mediterranean days. gas exchange was recorded in order to recognize the causes of the midday depression in co2 assimilation. depressions could be induced in part of a leaf: they were local responses. the co2-saturation curves of photosynthesis, determined during the morning and afternoon maxima of co2 assimilation and during the minimum at midday, established that depressions in co2 assimilation were i ... | 1986 | 24232332 |
| stomatal aperture, photosythesis and water fluxes in mesophyll cells as affected by the abscission of leaves. simultaneous measurements of gas exchange, light scattering and chlorphyll fluorescence. | carbon dioxide exchange, transpiration, chlorophyll fluorescence and light scattering of leaves of lycopersicom esculentum, helianthus annuus and arbutus unedo were measured simultaneously before and after abscission of leaves. scattering of a weak green measuring beam was used to monitor water fluxes across the thylakoid membranes of the mesophyll. when leaves were cut under water, stomata initially closed partially and then occasionally exhibited distinct regulatory oscillations. as stomata cl ... | 1986 | 24240372 |
| effects of humidity during diurnal courses on the co2- and light-saturated rate of net co2 uptake in the sclerophyllous leaves of arbutus unedo. | | 1985 | 28311330 |
| effects of temperature at constant air dew point on leaf carboxylation efficiency and co2 compensation point of different leaf types. | the effect of temperature on photosynthesis at constant water-vapor pressure in the air was investigated using two sclerophyll species, arbutus unedo and quercus suber, and one mesophytic species, spinacia oleracea. photosynthesis and transpiration were measured over a range of temperatures, 20-39° c. the external concentration of co2 was varied from 340 μbar to near co2 compensation. the initial slope (carboxylation efficiency, ce) of the photosynthetic response to intercellular co2 concentrati ... | 1985 | 24241315 |
| the responses of stomata and leaf gas exchange to vapour pressure deficits and soil water content : i. species comparisons at high soil water contents. | the responses of photosynthesis, transpiration and leaf conductance to changes in vapour pressure deficit were followed in well-watered plants of the herbaceous species, helianthus annuus, helianthus nuttallii, pisum sativum and vigna unguiculata, and in the woody species having either sclerophyllous leaves, arbutus unedo, nerium oleander and pistacia vera, or mesomorphic leaves, corylus avellana, gossypium hirsutum and prunus dulcis. when the vapour pressure deficit of the air around a single l ... | 1984 | 28311208 |
| diurnal variations in abscisic acid content and stomatal response to applied abscisic acid in leaves of irrigated and non-irrigated arbutus unedo plants under naturally fluctuating environmental conditions. | endogenous abscisic acid content (aba) of arbutus unedo leaves growing under natural conditions in a macchia near sobreda, portugal, was very high (0.25 to 2.3 μg g(1) fresh weight). highest concentrations were found during the very early morning hours and at midday. during the late morning hours and in the late afternoon aba concentrations decreased to between one-third and one-fourth of peak values. the samples for aba content were obtained from both irrigated (ψ between-10 and-25 bar) and non ... | 1983 | 28310657 |
| the control by atmospheric factors and water stress of midday stomatal closure in arbutus unedo growing in a natural macchia. | midday closure of stomata of well-watered (ψ between-10 and-25 bar) or moderately stressed (ψ between-25 and-35 bar) arbutus unedo plants occurs when midday leaf temperatures increase above 30°c and vapor pressure difference between leaf air spaces and the external air increases above approximately 30 mbar/bar. moderate water stress decreases maximum conductance and may result in greater sensitivity to high leaf temperature and vapor pressure dificit, which results in earlier closure and later r ... | 1982 | 28311229 |
| midday stomatal closure in mediterranean type sclerophylls under simulated habitat conditions in an environmental chamber : ii. effect of the complex of leaf temperature and air humidity on gas exchange of arbutus unedo and quercus ilex. | shrubs of the mediterranean sclerophyllous species arbutus unedo and quercus ilex were studied under simulated habitat conditions in an environmental chamber. temperature, humidity, and light intensity were altered stepwise to simulate diurnal changes in conditions similar to those measured in an evergreen macchia in sobreda, portugal. leaves were enclosed in cuvettes which reproduced the growth chamber climate and which allowed measurement of gas exchange. increasing atmospheric stress in the f ... | 1981 | 28310056 |
| midday stomatal closure in arbutus unedo leaves in a natural macchia and under simulated habitat conditions in an environmental chamber. | | 1980 | 28309088 |
| [obtention and identification of lupeol from the strawberry tree (arbutus unedo l.)]. | | 1963 | 13978339 |
| [arbutus unedo, unused source of vitamins]. | | 1955 | 13405423 |
| [on arbutus unedo l. ii. quantitative analysis of arbutin and tannins in the leaves of the strawberry tree]. | | 1951 | 14833915 |
| [arbutus unedo l. i. determination of arbutin in the leaves of the strawberry tree]. | | 1950 | 14797406 |
| [chemical composition of a mediterranean ericace: arbutus unedo l..]. | | 1950 | 15434604 |
| studies on carotenoids: the carotenoids of diospyros fruits. ii. the carotenoids of arbutus fruits (arbutus unedo). | | 1935 | 16745844 |
| the effect of silver nanoparticles size, produced using plant extract from arbutus unedo, on their antibacterial efficacy. | silver nanoparticles (agnps) have been demonstrated to restrain bacterial growth, while maintaining minimal risk in development of bacterial resistance and human cell toxicity that conventional silver compounds exhibit. several physical and chemical methods have been reported to synthesize agnps. however, these methods are expensive and involve heavy chemical reduction agents. an alternative approach to produce agnps in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly way employs a biological pathw ... | 2017 | 28698511 |
| functional teas from the leaves of arbutus unedo: phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and detection of efficient radical scavengers. | the phenolic content/composition and antioxidant activity of hot/cold infusion and decoction from the leaves of arbutus unedo were studied for the first time. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph(●)), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation (abts(●+)), crocin-bleaching, copper-reducing, and liposome accelerated oxidation assays were used for the evaluation of the activity in vitro. in vivo, the extracts were examined for their ability to protect s. cerevisiae cells ... | 2017 | 28421300 |
| effects of cold stratification and ga3 on germination of arbutus unedo seeds of three provenances. | arbutus unedo is a valuable mediterranean shrub as an ornamental plant as well as fruit tree. fresh fruits of a. unedo are a good source of antioxidants, of vitamins c, e and carotenoids and also are characterized by the high content of mineral elements. | 0 | 28480410 |
| phyto-toponyms of arbutus unedo l. and their distribution in sardinia (italy). | the study shows the results of an inventory of place names connected to arbutus unedo l., a mediterranean species, widespread throughout sardinia. the main aim was to compare the past distribution of place names, referring to the strawberry tree, to the current distribution of the species on the island. in addition, we investigated the meaning and the diversity of these local place names in the various communities. the result was a collection of 432 phyto-toponyms. 248 of them were used for an a ... | 2017 | 28704491 |
| development and validation of a gc-ms method for the analysis of homogentisic acid in strawberry tree (arbutus unedo l.) honey. | to confirm the botanical origin of strawberry tree (arbutus unedo l.) honey, a liquid-liquid extraction followed by gc-ms method was developed for the quantitative determination of homogentisic acid (hga), the main phenolic compound in this honey. different parameters affecting extraction, such as the type and volume of extraction solvents, ph of the solution, and amount of salt, were optimized. the method showed good linearity (r2 = 0.9990) over the tested concentration range (50-500 mg/kg) and ... | 2017 | 28560954 |
| phenolic sulfates as new and highly abundant metabolites in human plasma after ingestion of a mixed berry fruit purée. | bioavailability studies are vital to assess the potential impact of bioactive compounds on human health. although conjugated phenolic metabolites derived from colonic metabolism have been identified in the urine, the quantification and appearance of these compounds in plasma is less well studied. in this regard, it is important to further assess their potential biological activity in vivo. to address this gap, a cross-over intervention study with a mixed fruit purée (blueberry, blackberry, raspb ... | 2015 | 25571923 |
| color evaluation of seventeen european unifloral honey types by means of spectrophotometrically determined cie l*cab*h(ab)° chromaticity coordinates. | cie (commission internationale de l'eclairage) l(*)cab(*)h(ab)° color coordinates for 305 samples of 17 unifloral honeys types (asphodel, buckwheat, black locust, sweet chestnut, citrus, eucalyptus, garland thorn, honeydew, heather, lime, mint, rapeseed, sage, strawberry tree, sulla flower, savory and thistle) from different geographic locations in europe were spectrophotometrically assessed and statistically evaluated. preliminary separation of unifloral honeys was obtained by means of l(*)-c(a ... | 2014 | 24128479 |
| physicochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of commercial portuguese honeys. | the present study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of 13 commercial honeys from diverse floral origin, produced in portugal. the values of electrical conductivity of cardoon and pennyroyal honeys were superior to the maximum limits defined by european legislation. citrus, strawberry tree, and 1 sample of lavender honeys had values of diastase activity below those determined by european legislation. strawberry tree, pennyroyal, and cardoon honeys had the high ... | 2013 | 23957401 |
| analysis of phenolic compounds in portuguese wild and commercial berries after multienzyme hydrolysis. | berry fruits are a good source of phenolic compounds and thus, potentially beneficial to health. phenolic compounds are mainly present as a variety of conjugated forms, either with sugars via o-glycosidic bonds or with other polyols as esters. this chemodiversity makes characterization and identification highly demanding. selected varieties of commercial blueberries, raspberries and blackberries and the two wild berries portuguese crowberry and strawberry tree fruits were characterized for indiv ... | 2013 | 23530973 |
| inhibition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-specific phosphodiesterase by various food plant-derived phytotherapeutic agents. | background: phosphodiesterases (pdes) play a major role in the regulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp)- and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cgmp)-mediated pathways. their inhibitors exhibit anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory and antithrombotic effects. therefore, consumption of foods with pde-inhibiting potential may possess beneficial influence on the risk of cardiovascular diseases. methods: four plant extracts (arbutus unedo, camellia sinensis, cynara scolymus, zingiber officinale) w ... | 2017 | 29113064 |
| multi-elemental composition and antioxidant properties of strawberry tree (arbutus unedo l.) honey from the coastal region of croatia: risk-benefit analysis. | the concentration of 23 major and trace elements, total phenolic content (tpc) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical scavenging activity were determined in nine samples of strawberry tree honey and compared to other types of unifloral honeys. the most abundant elements in strawberry tree honey were potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium, ranging between 1276 and 2367, 95.2-154, 14.4-74.4 and 13.4-64.3mg/kg, respectively. strawberry tree honey had generally higher tpc (range: 0.314-0 ... | 2018 | 29173488 |
| the effects of strawberry tree water leaf extract, arbutin and hydroquinone on haematological parameters and levels of primary dna damage in white blood cells of rats. | strawberry tree (arbutus unedo l., ericaceae) leaves represent a potent source of biologically active compounds and have been used for a long to relieve symptoms of various health impairments and diseases. two major compounds related to their beneficial activities in animals and humans are arbutin and hydroquinone. | 2017 | 29288828 |