| sarcoptic mange and metapodial development in growing male iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica). | the effect of mange (sarcoptes scabiei) on metapodial growth was studied in 24 uninfested and 16 infested male iberian ibex from sierra nevada national park (southern spain). our results show that infested ibex had smaller metatarsal bones, lower body weight, and a delayed rhythm of ossification, by about 1 year. we conclude that skeletal development and body weight in the iberian ibex are sensitive to sarcoptic mange. | 2007 | 17110041 |
| horn growth related to testosterone secretion in two wild mediterranean ruminant species: the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) and european mouflon (ovis orientalis musimon). | seasonal variations in the horn development and testicular activity of the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) (n=6) and european mouflon (ovis orientalis musimon) (n=5) were monitored to determine the role of increasing testosterone concentration on the arrest of horn growth during the rutting season. marked seasonal variations in the rate of horn growth (p<0.01) and testicular activity (p<0.001) were seen in both species, although the magnitude and timing of these changes were different ( ... | 2007 | 17123755 |
| in vitro rearing oestrus caucasicus third-instar larvae and pupae (diptera: oestridae) from naturally-infested iberian ibex, capra pyrenaica (artiodactyla: bovidae). | third-instar oestrus caucasicus larvae (n = 236) obtained from iberian ibex, copra pyrenaica, were reared in a laboratory to obtain adult flies. they were maintained at a temperature of 21.9 +/- 2.7 degrees c and a relative humidity of 38.9 +/- 8.0 %. in all, 78 imagos emerged (33.1 %), with a sex-ratio at emergence not differing significantly from 1:1; 25 larvae did not complete pupariation. a total of 14 adult flies (17.9 % of the adults obtained) showed malformations, mainly in their wings. t ... | 2006 | 17285851 |
| predicting fluctuations of reintroduced ibex populations: the importance of density dependence, environmental stochasticity and uncertain population estimates. | 1. development of population projections requires estimates of observation error, parameters characterizing expected dynamics such as the specific population growth rate and the form of density regulation, the influence of stochastic factors on population dynamics, and quantification of the uncertainty in the parameter estimates. 2. here we construct a population prediction interval (ppi) based on bayesian state space modelling of future population growth of 28 reintroduced ibex populations in s ... | 2007 | 17302840 |
| evaluation of three strategic parasite control programs in captive wild ruminants. | parasite control in wild ruminants is based mainly on anthelmintics. the objective of the present study was to evaluate three parasite control programs in seven herds of captive wild ruminants in 3 consecutive years. in the first year, a biannual spring-summer treatment regime with fenbendazole at 7.5 mg/kg body weight p.o. for 3 days was applied. the next year, an early-season treatment program with three administrations of fenbendazole at the same dosage at 3-wk intervals was used. in the thir ... | 2006 | 17312807 |
| transposition of the biceps tendon to reduce lateral scapulohumeral luxation in three species of nondomestic ruminant. | open reduction of lateral luxation of the scapulohumeral joint was performed in a mhorr gazelle (gazella dama mhorr), a southern pudu (pudu puda), and an alpine ibex (capra ibex ibex) by transposition of the biceps brachii tendon lateral to the greater tubercle of the humerus. the ibex had a very large greater tubercle that required a second osteotomy to allow successful lateral transfer of the tendon. although all three animals were non-weight bearing in the first 2-3 wk after surgery, ambulati ... | 2005 | 17323571 |
| detection of dichelobacter nodosus in wild ungulates (capra ibex ibex and ovis aries musimon) and domestic sheep suffering from foot rot using a two-step polymerase chain reaction. | severe keratinous hoof afflictions have been recorded in ibex (capra ibex ibex) since 1995 and more recently in mouflon (ovis aries musimon) in switzerland. based on clinical observations and comparison with diseases known to affect domestic ungulates, it was hypothesized these wild ungulates were affected by foot rot associated with infection with dichelobacter nodosus. dichelobacter nodosus has been shown to be the essential pathogen for initiation and establishment of foot rot, a highly conta ... | 2007 | 17347396 |
| analysis of mitochondrial dna for authentication of meats from chamois (rupicapra rupicapra), pyrenean ibex (capra pyrenaica), and mouflon (ovis ammon) by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. | the prevention of fraudulent labeling of game meat constitutes an important part of food regulatory control and quality assurance systems. a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis based on mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) was developed for authentication of meats from chamois (rupicapra rupicapra), pyrenean ibex (capra pyrenaica), and mouflon (ovis ammon). amplification and restriction site analysis of a dna fragment about 720 base pairs ( ... | 2007 | 17373450 |
| [phylogenetic reconstructions in the genus capra (bovidae, artiodactyla) based on the mitochondrial dna analysis]. | mitochondrial genome fragments were examined in all species of the genus capra (bovidae, artiodactyla). phylogenetic analysis was carried out using 59 cytochrome b gene sequences (392 bp), and 22 sequences of the mtdna variable fragment (402 bp). in the control region, two unique deletions were revealed. one of the deletions was found only in capra cilindricornis (17 bp), while another one grouped c. caucasica with c. aegagrus (1 bp). the group of caucasian wild goats splits into two clades, and ... | 2007 | 17385324 |
| social dominance and breeding activity in spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) maintained in captivity. | the relationship between ovulatory activity and social dominance was determined in 10 spanish ibex females by recording their plasma progesterone and plasma cortisol levels. in a second experiment, the influence of dominance status on the establishment of pregnancy after introduction to males during late anoestrous (late october) was evaluated in another nine females. dominance hierarchies were established in both groups by noting agonistic interactions between the individual females. six high-r ... | 2007 | 17394791 |
| age-dependent genetic effects on a secondary sexual trait in male alpine ibex, capra ibex. | secondary sexual traits, such as horns in ungulates, may be good indicators of genetic quality because they are costly to develop. genetic effects on such traits may be revealed by examining correlations between multilocus heterozygosity (mlh) and trait value. correlations between mlh and fitness traits, termed heterozygosity-fitness correlations (hfc), may reflect inbreeding depression or associative overdominance of neutral microsatellite loci with loci directly affecting fitness traits. we in ... | 2007 | 17444905 |
| contagious caprine pleuropneumonia outbreak in captive wild ungulates at al wabra wildlife preservation, state of qatar. | contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (ccpp) caused by mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae is a highly contagious and serious respiratory disease of domestic goats, characterized by coughing, severe respiratory distress, and high mortality rates. the lesions at necropsy are mainly a fibrinous pleuropneumonia with increased straw-colored pleural fluid. an outbreak of ccpp in wild goat (capra aegagrus), nubian ibex (capra ibex nubiana), laristan mouflon (ovis orientalis laristanica), and ger ... | 2007 | 17469281 |
| early onset of vegetation growth vs. rapid green-up: impacts on juvenile mountain ungulates. | seasonal patterns of climate and vegetation growth are expected to be altered by global warming. in alpine environments, the reproduction of birds and mammals is tightly linked to seasonality; therefore such alterations may have strong repercussions on recruitment. we used the normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi), a satellite-based measurement that correlates strongly with aboveground net primary productivity, to explore how annual variations in the timing of vegetation onset and in the ... | 2007 | 17479756 |
| sex- and age-specific survival of the highly dimorphic alpine ibex: evidence for a conservative life-history tactic. | 1. age-specific survival of 215 males and 117 females of the highly sexually dimorphic alpine ibex capra ibex (l.) was assessed from a 21-year capture-mark-recapture (cmr) programme (1983-2004). the study covered two contrasted periods of population performance (high performance from 1983 to 1997 vs. low performance from 1998 onwards). 2. based on current life-history theories for sexually dimorphic species, we expected that survival should decrease with age in both sexes, female survival should ... | 2007 | 17584373 |
| mycoplasmas isolated from spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica): frequency and risk factors. | | 2007 | 17675635 |
| molecular characterization of cryptosporidium from animal sources in qinghai province of china. | the presence of cryptosporidium oocysts in 20 zoo animals of the xining zoo, 16 farm yaks and 42 farm goats in qinghai province, china was investigated by an immunofluorescence test (ift). the species and/or genotypes were determined by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequence analysis of a fragment of the small subunit (ssu) rrna gene. cryptosporidium oocysts were found in 16 zoo animals, 2 yaks, and 15 goats by ift. the ift positive samples were further investigated by pcr, and 16 o ... | 2007 | 17701218 |
| kit-positive gastrointestinal stromal tumours in two spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica). | gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumours from two spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) were examined grossly, histologically and immunohistochemically. one neoplasm was a 1.5 kg tan multinodular cavitated mass in the forestomach. the other tumour was a firm mural mass 1.2 cm in diameter in the colon. microscopically, both tumours were formed mainly by spindle shaped cells arranged in closely packed interlacing fascicles. neoplastic cells in both tumours labelled positively for kit (cd117), vimen ... | 2008 | 17702621 |
| ibex-associated malignant catarrhal fever in a bongo antelope (tragelaphus euryceros). | a 4-yr-old male bongo antelope (tragelaphus euryceros) died after an acute clinical course involving a febrile illness, anorexia, lethargy, minor oculonasal discharge, and diarrhea. histologic lesions were compatible with malignant catarrhal fever (mcf). polymerase chain reaction (pcr) revealed an amplified region of a herpesviral dna polymerase gene sequence nearly identical to that of a mcf virus previously identified in nubian ibex (capra nubiana). the bongo had been housed across from an exh ... | 2007 | 17939356 |
| epidemiology of fasciolosis affecting iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) in southern spain. | between 1995 and 2006, we surveyed the presence of fasciola hepatica in iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) from andalucía (southern spain) by both necropsy (n = 2,096) and coprological approaches (n = 380). most of the samples came from the sierra nevada mountain range (n = 1,884 and 267, respectively), and all positive cases involved animals from this location. the prevalence reached 0.53% by necropsy and 1.87% by faecal examination. taking into account both diagnostic methodologies and the total n ... | 2008 | 18092179 |
| evidence for introgressive hybridization of captive markhor (capra falconeri) with domestic goat: cautions for reintroduction. | markhors (capra falconeri) are among the most endangered mammal species, and several conservation measures, including ex situ breeding, are implemented to prevent their extinction. we studied sequence diversity and differentiation of the first hypervariable segment of the mitochondrial dna control region among c. f. heptneri and c. f. megaceros kept in four zoos in relationship to lineages of other wild and domestic goats, to assess for the first time the level of molecular distinctness and vari ... | 2008 | 18228130 |
| fecal testosterone is elevated in high ranking female ibexes (capra nubiana) and associated with increased aggression and a preponderance of male offspring. | we monitored fecal testosterone and progesterone levels in 26 adult ibexes (17 males, 9 females) in a captive herd nubian ibex held on 250 ha tract to test if testosterone is associated with dominance. the ibexes were observed over a 20-month period, and including two mating seasons, during which time we collected fecal samples twice during early gestation and postpartum intervals and once during lactation and pre-rut season intervals. the social hierarchy was linear with age in adult males and ... | 2008 | 18242683 |
| cross-sensitization between milk proteins: reactivity to a "kosher" epitope? | immunoglobulin e-mediated allergy to cow's milk protein represents a major problem for infants who are not breast fed. a search for substitute milks revealed a cross-allergenicity to milk derived from goat and sheep but not to milk from a mare. we noted that the cow, goat and sheep species are both artiodactyls and ruminants, defining them as kosher animals, in contrast to the mare. | 2008 | 18300584 |
| recovery and cryopreservation of spanish ibex epididymal spermatozoa. | a tris-citric acid-glucose (tcg) diluent containing low concentrations (6%) of egg yolk, and a tcg extender containing lactose (without egg yolk), were compared for use in the cryopreservation of spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) epididymal spermatozoa. to optimize the collection of epididymal spermatozoa, two spermatozoa recovery methods were tested: i) by using small cuts in the cauda epididymides and ii) by the application of air pressure (from a syringe) inside the vas deferens. the percentage ... | 2007 | 18357960 |
| real-time pcr for quantitative detection of chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) and pyrenean ibex (capra pyrenaica) in meat mixtures. | a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was developed for the quantification of chamois and pyrenean ibex dnas in meat mixtures by using a sybr green detection platform. two species-specific systems and a eukaryotic endogenous system were combined in the real-time pcr approach to quantify the target species. in the specific systems, a 133 base pair (bp) fragment of the 12s rrna gene was amplified from chamois dna, and an 88 bp fragment from the d-loop region was amplif ... | 2008 | 18376592 |
| epidemiology of mycoplasma agalactiae infection in free-ranging spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) in andalusia, southern spain. | mycoplasma agalactiae is the main causal agent of contagious agalactia syndrome in spain. it is a severe disease of small ruminants, endemic in mediterranean countries, that is characterized by mastitis, arthritis, and keratoconjunctivitis. this paper investigates the temporal, spatial, and host-related factors in the distribution of m. agalactiae infection from october 1996 to november 1998 and march 2002 to may 2003 in spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) populations from andalusia, in southern spai ... | 2008 | 18436669 |
| small ruminant lentivirus proviral sequences from wild ibexes in contact with domestic goats. | small ruminant lentiviruses (srlv) are widespread amongst domesticated goats and sheep worldwide, but have not been clearly identified in wild small ruminants, where they might constitute an animal health risk through contamination from local domesticates. srlv proviruses from three ibexes from the french alps are described and sequences from their gag gene and long terminal repeats (ltrs) were compared with sequences from local goats and goat/ibex hybrids. the ibex and hybrid proviruses formed ... | 2008 | 18474564 |
| a comparison of the protective action of chicken and quail egg yolk in the cryopreservation of spanish ibex epididymal spermatozoa. | egg yolk-based diluents provide adequate cryoprotection for the sperm of several mammalian species. traditionally, chicken egg yolk has been used as additive for the freeze preservation of spermatozoa because of its wide availability. variations in the chemical composition of the egg yolk of different avian species appear to influence the protection afforded during cooling, freezing, and thawing. the aim of the present study was to assess the use of quail egg yolk as a novel additive for the epi ... | 2008 | 18571154 |
| skin-scale genetic structure of sarcoptes scabiei populations from individual hosts: empirical evidence from iberian ibex-derived mites. | the objective of the present study was to examine the extent of genetic diversity among sarcoptes scabiei individuals belonging to different skin subunits of the body from individual mangy hosts. ten microsatellite primers were applied on 44 individual s. scabiei mites from three mangy iberian ibexes from sierra nevada mountain in spain. dendrograms of the mites from the individual iberian ibexes, showing the proportion of shared alleles between pairs of individual mites representing three skin ... | 2008 | 18758821 |
| detection of mycoplasma conjunctivae in the eyes of healthy, free-ranging alpine ibex: possible involvement of alpine ibex as carriers for the main causing agent of infectious keratoconjunctivitis in wild caprinae. | mycoplasma conjunctivae is considered the major cause of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (ikc) in alpine ibex (capra i. ibex) and chamois (rupicapra r. rupicapra). while it is known that domestic sheep can act as healthy carriers for m. conjunctivae, this question has not been addressed in wild ungulates so far. in this study, bacteriological investigations and field observations were performed to assess whether free-ranging alpine ibex can be healthy carriers of m. conjunctivae. among 136 ibex ... | 2009 | 18834681 |
| rumen protozoal diversity in the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) as compared with domestic goats (capra hircus). | rumen protozoal diversity in the spanish ibex (si) was studied in males (n=4), females (n=7) and young (n=4) from the maestrazgo (spain) and contrasted with domestic goats (n=3; dg) of the same region. there were no differences among si types in protozoal concentration or in the number of protozoal species. only protozoa from the genus entodinium were observed in si (seven species), the highest numbers corresponding to e. damae, e. ovibos and e. parvum. dg harboured threefold more species than s ... | 2009 | 18929470 |
| hematologic and biochemical values for spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) captured via drive-net and box-trap. | between october 2002 and september 2004, 70 free-ranging spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) were captured in catalonia, northeastern spain, using two different physical methods, drive-net (n=26) and box-trap (n=44). blood samples were taken to determine 20 hematologic and 23 biochemical variables. values obtained fell within already published reference intervals, with the following exceptions: higher values for red blood cells (rbc), packed cell volume (pcv), white blood cells (wbc), eosinophil coun ... | 2008 | 18957652 |
| temperature constraints on foraging behaviour of male alpine ibex (capra ibex) in summer. | in arctic and alpine environments, warm summer temperatures may force a reduction in foraging time of large herbivores, whose tolerance for heat is lower than for species adapted to warmer weather. we constructed time budgets for marked ibex (capra ibex) males over two summers to test whether warm temperatures constrained foraging behaviour and forced altitudinal migrations. as daily temperature and solar radiation increased, feeding activity was reduced at midday and evening, but increased in t ... | 2009 | 18987895 |
| high prevalence of antibodies against chlamydiaceae and chlamydophila abortus in wild ungulates using two "in house" blocking-elisa tests. | few data are available on the prevalence and relevance of chlamydiae in wild mammals, and even fewer studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of chlamydophila abortus in wildlife hosts, most probably due to the absence of suitable species-specific serological assays for testing sera from wild animals. in light of this, we have developed two in-house blocking-elisa tests for detection of antibodies against chlamydiaceae and c. abortus in wild ungulates, and analyzed the relationshi ... | 2009 | 19010612 |
| use of acepromazine for stress control in spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) captured by drive-net. | capture and restraint can induce stress in wild animals and tranquilizers may be beneficial in preventing some of the more adverse effects. a short-acting neuroleptic agent (acepromazine) was assessed in 25 spanish ibexes (capra pyrenaica) captured by drive-net. the animals were divided into a control group (14 ibexes) and a treated group (11 ibexes). heart rate and rectal temperature, as well as haematological and biochemical parameters, were used to evaluate the effects of tranquilization duri ... | 2010 | 19071042 |
| current distribution and status of himalayan ibex in upper neelum valley, district neelum azad jammu and kashmir, pakistan. | nine months field survey was conducted from july 2004 to august 2005 to take the data on the distribution and population status of himalayan ibex (capra ibex sibirica) in the upper neelum valley of azad kashmir. survey was carried out using direct (senses) as well as indirect (sampling) methods. 122 animals of different categories were recorded in the study area. total average population was composed of 31.79% male, 32.79% female, 25.41% young and 9.84% yearling animals. various threats to the p ... | 2007 | 19090115 |
| first birth of an animal from an extinct subspecies (capra pyrenaica pyrenaica) by cloning. | two experiments have been performed to clone the bucardo, an extinct wild goat. the karyoplasts were thawed fibroblasts derived from skin biopsies, obtained and cryopreserved in 1999 from the last living specimen, a female, which died in 2000. cytoplasts were mature oocytes collected from the oviducts of superovulated domestic goats. oocytes were enucleated and coupled to bucardo's fibroblasts by electrofusion. reconstructed embryos were cultured for 36h or 7d and transferred to either spanish i ... | 2009 | 19167744 |
| cryopreservation of spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) sperm obtained by electroejaculation outside the rutting season. | the effectiveness of electroejaculation for obtaining spanish ibex sperm samples for freeze preserving outside the rutting season was evaluated-the aim being to optimise biological resources for the establishment of germplasm banks. the effect of different egg yolk concentrations (6% or 12%, v/v) in diluents of different buffer composition (tris-citric acid buffer or tes-tris buffer) on frozen-thawed samples of the above also investigated. experiments were undertaken with six ibex males in febru ... | 2009 | 19233455 |
| the mycoplasma conjunctivae genome sequencing, annotation and analysis. | the mollicute mycoplasma conjunctivae is the etiological agent leading to infectious keratoconjunctivitis (ikc) in domestic sheep and wild caprinae. although this pathogen is relatively benign for domestic animals treated by antibiotics, it can lead wild animals to blindness and death. this is a major cause of death in the protected species in the alps (e.g., capra ibex, rupicapra rupicapra). | 2009 | 19534756 |
| analysing the isotopic life history of the alpine ungulates capra ibex and rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra through their horns. | the horn of ungulate grazers offers a valuable isotopic record of their diet and environment. however, there have been no reports of the spatio-temporal variation of the isotopic composition of horns. we investigated patterns of carbon (delta(13)c) and nitrogen (delta(15)n) isotopic composition along and perpendicular to the horn axis in capra ibex and rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra to assess the effects of animal age, within-year (seasonal) and inter-annual variation, natural contamination and s ... | 2009 | 19575404 |
| revival of extinct species using nuclear transfer: hope for the mammoth, true for the pyrenean ibex, but is it time for "conservation cloning"? | recent accomplishments in the fields of nuclear transfer and genomics, such as the cloned offspring production from frozen mouse cells, cryopreserved at not too low temperatures without cryoprotectors; or the sequencing of wooly mammoth genome, have opened the opportunity for the revival of extinct species. as expected, they are receiving a lot of publicity in the media and also scientific attention. furthermore, it was recently published the "revival" of the first extinct subspecie: the pyrenea ... | 2009 | 19594389 |
| bronchopulmonary nematode infection of capra pyrenaica in the sierra nevada massif, spain. | the present investigation examined the prevalence and abundance of bronchopulmonary nematodes in 213 randomly hunted iberian ibexes (capra pyrenaica) (87 females and 126 males) in the sierra nevada mountain range in spain between 2003 and 2006. post mortem examination revealed an overall prevalence of 72% for adult nematodes (cystocaulus ocreatus 44%, muellerius capillaris 44%, protostrongylus sp. 40%, and dictyocaulus filaria 4%). the abundances were 13.45+/-3.97, 5.18+/-2.49, 6.36+/-2.16, and ... | 2009 | 19596519 |
| a palaeolithic map from 13,660 calbp: engraved stone blocks from the late magdalenian in abauntz cave (navarra, spain). | an engraved block from the cave of abauntz is interpreted as a magdalenian map in which the actual surrounding landscape, including mountains, rivers, and ponds, is represented. some possible routes or avenues of access to different parts of the geography are also engraved on the landscape. the engraving seems to reproduce the meandering course of a river crossing the upper part of side a of the block, joined by two tributaries near two mountains. one of these is identical to the mountain that c ... | 2009 | 19625071 |
| influence of recovery method and microbial contamination on the response to freezing-thawing in ibex (capra pyrenaica) epididymal spermatozoa. | the method of sperm recovery may influence the initial quality of sperm samples and their response to freezing-thawing. the aim of the present work was to compare two methods for collecting epididymal spermatozoa in order to improve the quality of recovered sperm and reduce possible contamination. testes were obtained from 23 legally hunted, adult ibex males. the sperm mass of the right epididymis was collected by small longitudinal and transverse cuts made in the cauda epididymidis. the sperm m ... | 2009 | 19786008 |
| sarcoptes scabiei: specific immune response to sarcoptic mange in the iberian ibex capra pyrenaica depends on previous exposure and sex. | host acquired immunity is a critical factor that conditions the survival of parasites. nevertheless, there is a shortage of data concerning inter-individual immunological inequalities in wild mammals. sarcoptic mange is a widespread parasitosis that severely affects mammals such as the iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica). despite some work on the subject, the immune response to sarcoptic mange infestation is still a complex and poorly understood phenomenon. to improve knowledge of the host-sarcoptes ... | 2010 | 19857492 |
| genetic variability of haemonchus contortus (nematoda: trichostrongyloidea) in alpine ruminant host species. | genetic variability of the ovine parasite haemonchus contortus from the alpine area was investigated using mitochondrial dna (nd4 gene), internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 and microsatellites, in order to assess whether cross-transmission between domestic and wild ruminants occurs. the dataset was composed of 78 individual adult male h. contortus collected from chamois (rupicapra r. rupicapra), roe deer (capreolus capreolus), alpine ibex (capra ibex ibex), domestic goat (capra hircus) and shee ... | 2010 | 19889245 |
| a strong genetic footprint of the re-introduction history of alpine ibex (capra ibex ibex). | a population's neutral genetic variation is a composite of its size, degree of isolation and demographic history. bottlenecks and founder events increase genetic drift, leading to the loss of genetic variation and increased genetic differentiation among populations. gene flow has the opposite effects. thus, gene flow can override the genetic patterns caused by founder events. using 37 microsatellite loci, we investigated the effects of serial bottlenecks on genetic variation and differentiation ... | 2009 | 19912536 |
| acute phase protein response in alpine ibex with sarcoptic mange. | the acute phase proteins (app) are a group of serum proteins that change their concentration in animals following external or internal challenges, such as infection, inflammation or stress. the concentrations of four apps, including serum amyloid a (saa), haptoglobin (hp), alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (agp) and ceruloplasmin (cp) were determined in serum collected from healthy alpine ibexes (capra ibex) and ibexes with sarcoptes scabiei mange. primary structures of all four apps were determined by ... | 2010 | 20036058 |
| the influence of washing spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) sperm on the effects of cryopreservation in dependency of the photoperiod. | extenders containing low concentrations of egg yolk are recommended for cryopreserving ibex spermatozoa. however, the phylogenetic relationship of the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) with domestic goats suggests that phospholipases in the seminal plasma may have a negative effect on the response to freezing-thawing when egg yolk-based diluents are employed. the aim of the current work was to determine how seminal plasma removal from spanish ibex semen, collected by electroejaculation over a perio ... | 2010 | 20092881 |
| effect of sexual segregation on host-parasite interaction: model simulation for abomasal parasite dynamics in alpine ibex (capraibex). | we investigated whether sexual segregation might affect parasite transmission and host dynamics, hypothesising that if males are the more heavily infected sex and more responsible for the transmission of parasite infections, female avoidance of males and the space they occupy could reduce infection rates. a mathematical model, simulating the interaction between abomasal parasites and a hypothetical alpine ibex (capraibex) host population composed of its two sexes, was developed to predict the ef ... | 2010 | 20430029 |
| absence of tb in iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) in a high-risk area. | | 2010 | 20511661 |
| effects of anesthetic protocols on electroejaculation variables of iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica). | the effects of three intramuscular anesthesia protocols--detomidine 190 μg/kg plus ketamine 2 mg/kg, detomidine 270 μg/kg plus ketamine 1.4 mg/kg, and tiletamine 3.4 mg/kg plus zolazepam 3.4 mg/kg--on penis protrusion and ejaculation variables were compared in nine captive spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) subjected to electroejaculation. body temperature, heart, and respiratory rates, as well as a number of plasma biochemical variables were also recorded prior to and during anesthesia. the detomid ... | 2011 | 20542308 |
| freezability of iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) spermatozoa according to the glycerolization temperature and plasma testosterone concentration. | ibex spermatozoa can be successfully frozen using glycerolated media. however, no information is available regarding the most effective method of glycerol addition in this species. the aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the glycerolization temperature on the response to freezing-thawing of ibex spermatozoa collected by electroejaculation. the effect of the interaction glycerolization temperature x plasma testosterone concentration was also evaluated. the spermatozoa used in th ... | 2010 | 20654610 |
| mycoplasma agalactiae in iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) in spain. | | 2010 | 20834008 |
| characterization of mycoplasma isolated from an ibex (capra ibex) suffering from keratoconjunctivitis in northern italy. | in 2005 a mycoplasma species was isolated from ocular-conjunctival swabs from an adult male alpine ibex (capra ibex) from the valle d'aosta region, northern italy. the animal suffered from bilateral ocular discharge with diffuse inflammation, severe corneal involvement of the left eye and mild corneal opacity of the right eye. histologic examination revealed a keratoconjunctivitis characterized by lymphocytic and plasmacellular infiltration. laboratory investigations of the isolate included cult ... | 2010 | 20966258 |
| negative effect of the arthropod parasite, sarcoptes scabiei, on testes mass in iberian ibex, capra pyrenaica. | testes mass is a key factor in male reproductive success and is potentially exposed to so-called 'parasitic castration'. this is the result of the direct destruction or alteration of reproductive cell lineages (parasitic castration sensu stricto), or the indirect detrimental effects - for example, via body condition - on the ability of progenitors to produce or rear offspring (parasitic castration sensu lato). there are enormous gaps in our knowledge on the effects of parasites on the testes of ... | 2010 | 21074328 |
| epidemiological surveillance of bluetongue virus serotypes 1, 4 and 8 in spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) in southern spain. | a cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the prevalence and circulation of bluetongue virus (btv) in spanish ibexes (capra pyrenaica hispanica). a total of 770 sera samples, 380 blood samples and 34 spleen samples were collected between 2006 and 2009 in andalusia (southern spain), a region and time period with a wide circulation of btv in livestock. thirty-one out of 770 (4.0%; ci(95%): 2.6-5.4) sera samples analyzed by elisa showed antibodies against btv. twenty-four out of 31 seroposi ... | 2010 | 21111545 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum antibodies in spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica). | a cross-sectional study was carried out on spanish ibex populations in southern spain to assess the seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum and to investigate the risk factors associated with these infections. using the modified agglutination test, the seroprevalence to t. gondii was 27.5% (146/531; ci(95%), 23.7-31.3), and this seropositivity significantly increased with age. among adults, statistically significant differences were observed between geographical locations and ov ... | 2010 | 21159529 |
| evidence of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) infection in sindh ibex (capra aegagrus blythi) in pakistan as confirmed by detection of antigen and antibody. | an outbreak resulting in mortality in sindh ibex (capra aegagrus blythi) was investigated. there was a history of about 36 deaths (both young and adult) during the period of 1 month. disease appeared in a generalized form, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems. major lesions were respiratory distress, pustules on and in the mouth, ocular-nasal discharges, and severe diarrhea. the most significant lesion was the oculonasal discharges and diarrhea. deaths were mainly due to blindness, an ... | 2011 | 21221782 |
| genetic variants of anaplasma phagocytophilum in wild caprine and cervid ungulates from the alps in tyrol, austria. | the occurrence of genetic variants of anaplasma phagocytophilum was studied in wild ungulates from the northern and central eastern alps in tyrol, austria. for this purpose, spleen samples collected from 53 game animals during the hunting season 2008/2009 (16 roe deer [capreolus capreolus], 10 red deer [cervus elaphus], 16 alpine chamois [rupicapra r. rupicapra], 7 alpine ibex [capra i. ibex], and 4 european mouflons [ovis orientalis musimon]) were analyzed. thirty-five animals originated from t ... | 2011 | 21323423 |
| assisted reproduction in mediterranean wild ruminants: lessons from the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica). | despite apparent progress in reproductive technology as applied to wild ruminants, the success achieved in terms of the number of offspring that become healthy adults has remained low. difficulties often arise through a lack of knowledge regarding appropriate cryopreservation techniques, and indeed through a lack of detailed information on the reproductive physiology of the species in question. the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) is a wild caprid found exclusively in the mountains of iberia; only ... | 2010 | 21755689 |
| epizootiologic investigations of selected abortive agents in free-ranging alpine ibex (capra ibex ibex) in switzerland. | in the early 2000s, several colonies of alpine ibex (capra ibex ibex) in switzerland ceased growing or began to decrease. reproductive problems due to infections with abortive agents might have negatively affected recruitment. we assessed the presence of selected agents of abortion in alpine ibex by serologic, molecular, and culture techniques and evaluated whether infection with these agents might have affected population densities. blood and fecal samples were collected from 651 ibex in 14 col ... | 2011 | 21719818 |
| effect of post-mortem time on post-thaw characteristics of spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) spermatozoa. | viable epididymal sperm can be obtained in the spanish ibex during 24h after death, but it has been observed a significant effect of the post-mortem time on fertility success, so only goats inseminated with semen recovery during the first 8h became pregnant. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of post-mortem time on epididymal semen samples from of spanish ibex. for this purpose, sperm samples from 36 males were collected at different post-mortem times, from 2 to 24h, and cryoprese ... | 2011 | 22014412 |
| ibex-associated malignant catarrhal fever-like disease in a group of bongo antelope (tragelaphus eurycerus). | a private zoological facility experienced an outbreak of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in 3 bongo antelope (tragelaphus eurycerus). all cases were periparturient bongos that presented acutely anorectic beginning ∼6 weeks after being housed with a nubian ibex. disease quickly progressed to respiratory distress and death within 24-72 hours of onset of clinical signs. consistent gross findings in affected bongos were pulmonary edema and small pale tan foci in the livers. histological lesions incl ... | 2011 | 22194357 |
| pcr identification of meats from chamois (rupicapra rupicapra), pyrenean ibex (capra pyrenaica), and mouflon (ovis ammon) targeting specific sequences from the mitochondrial d-loop region. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for the identification of meats from chamois (rupicapra rupicapra), pyrenean ibex (capra pyrenaica), and mouflon (ovis ammon) by using oligonucleotides targeting mitochondrial d-loop sequences. a d-loop region (~700-1000 bp) was firstly amplified and sequenced from various game and domestic meat dnas, and three primer sets were then designed on the basis of nucleotide multialignment of the generated d-loop sequences. as expected from sequence ... | 2007 | 22061240 |
| authentication of meat from game and domestic species by snapshot minisequencing analysis. | the aim of the present study is to develop an assay for the specific identification of meat from capreolus capreolus, cervus elaphus, capra ibex, rupicapra rupicapra, targeting sequences of the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene of mitochondrial dna. the assay is also intended to enable differentiation between meat from these wild species as well as ovis aries, capra hircus, bubalus bubalis, bos taurus and sus scrofa domestic species. the primers used in the preliminary pcr were designed in well conserve ... | 2008 | 22063325 |
| babesia spp. in european wild ruminant species: parasite diversity and risk factors for infection. | babesia are tick-borne parasites that are increasingly considered as a threat to animal and public health. we aimed to assess the role of european free-ranging wild ruminants as maintenance mammalian hosts for babesia species and to determine risk factors for infection. edta blood was collected from 222 roe deer (capreolus c. capreolus), 231 red deer (cervus e. elaphus), 267 alpine chamois (rupicapra r. rupicapra) and 264 alpine ibex (capra i. ibex) from all over switzerland and analysed by pcr ... | 2014 | 24925474 |
| brucella melitensis in france: persistence in wildlife and probable spillover from alpine ibex to domestic animals. | bovine brucellosis is a major zoonosis, mainly caused by brucella abortus, more rarely by brucella melitensis. france has been bovine brucellosis officially-free since 2005 with no cases reported in domestic/wild ruminants since 2003. in 2012, bovine and autochthonous human cases due to b. melitensis biovar 3 (bmel3) occurred in the french alps. epidemiological investigations implemented in wild and domestic ruminants evidenced a high seroprevalence (>45%) in alpine ibex (capra ibex); no cases w ... | 2014 | 24732322 |
| foraging ecology of three sympatric ungulate species - behavioural and resource maps indicate differences between chamois, ibex and red deer. | the spatial distribution of forage resources is a major driver of animal movement patterns. understanding where animals forage is important for the conservation of multi-species communities, since interspecific competition can emerge if different species use the same depletable resources. however, determining forage resources in a spatially continuous fashion in alpine grasslands at high spatial resolution was challenging up to now, because terrain heterogeneity causes vegetation characteristics ... | 2015 | 26807258 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors associated to mycobacterium bovis in wild artiodactyl species from southern spain, 2006-2010. | the control of bovine tuberculosis (btb) is at a critical point in the last stage of eradication in livestock. wildlife species recently have emerged infected with tb in europe, particularly ungulates in the iberian peninsula. epidemiological information regarding tb in wild ungulates including affected species, prevalence, associated risk factors and appropriate diagnostic methods need to be obtained in these countries. a cross-sectional study was carried out on wild artiodactyl species, includ ... | 2012 | 22523563 |
| prey preferences of the snow leopard (panthera uncia): regional diet specificity holds global significance for conservation. | the endangered snow leopard is a large felid that is distributed over 1.83 million km(2) globally. throughout its range it relies on a limited number of prey species in some of the most inhospitable landscapes on the planet where high rates of human persecution exist for both predator and prey. we reviewed 14 published and 11 unpublished studies pertaining to snow leopard diet throughout its range. we calculated prey consumption in terms of frequency of occurrence and biomass consumed based on 1 ... | 2014 | 24533080 |
| carriage of staphylococcus aureus by free-living wild animals in spain. | the presence of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa) was analyzed in different free-living wild animals to assess the genetic diversity and predominant genotypes on each animal species. samples were taken from the skin and/or nares, and isolates were characterized by spa typing, multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. the proportion of mssa carriers were 5.00, 22.93, 19.78, and 17.67% in eurasian griffon vulture, iberian ibex, red deer, and wil ... | 2014 | 24907325 |
| antimicrobial resistance in indicator escherichia coli isolates from free-ranging livestock and sympatric wild ungulates in a natural environment (northeastern spain). | antimicrobial resistance was assessed in indicator escherichia coli isolates from free-ranging livestock and sympatric wild boar (sus scrofa) and iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) in a national game reserve in northeastern spain. the frequency of antimicrobial resistance was low (0% to 7.9%). however, resistance to an extended-spectrum cephalosporin and fluoroquinolones was detected. | 2013 | 23892753 |
| strong artificial selection in domestic mammals did not result in an increased recombination rate. | recombination rates vary in intensity and location at the species, individual, sex and chromosome levels. despite the fundamental biological importance of this process, the selective forces that operate to shape recombination rate and patterns are unclear. domestication offers a unique opportunity to study the interplay between recombination and selection. in domesticates, intense selection for particular traits is imposed on small populations over many generations, resulting in organisms that d ... | 2014 | 25414125 |
| a versatile telemetry system for continuous measurement of heart rate, body temperature and locomotor activity in free-ranging ruminants. | 1. measuring physiological and behavioural parameters in free-ranging animals - and therefore under fully natural conditions - is of general biological concern but difficult to perform.2. we have developed a minimally invasive telemetry system for ruminants that is capable of measuring heart rate (hr), body temperature (t(b)) and locomotor activity (la). a ruminal transmitter unit was per os placed into the reticulum and therefore located in close proximity to the heart. the unit detected hr by ... | 0 | 22428081 |
| introgression from domestic goat generated variation at the major histocompatibility complex of alpine ibex. | the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) is a crucial component of the vertebrate immune system and shows extremely high levels of genetic polymorphism. the extraordinary genetic variation is thought to be ancient polymorphisms maintained by balancing selection. however, introgression from related species was recently proposed as an additional mechanism. here we provide evidence for introgression at the mhc in alpine ibex (capra ibex ibex). at a usually very polymorphic mhc exon involved in pa ... | 2014 | 24945814 |
| applicability of major histocompatibility complex drb1 alleles as markers to detect vertebrate hybridization: a case study from iberian ibex × domestic goat in southern spain. | hybridization between closely related wild and domestic species is of great concern because it can alter the evolutionary integrity of the affected populations. the high allelic variability of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) loci usually excludes them from being used in studies to detect hybridization events. however, if a) the parental species don't share alleles, and b) one of the parental species possesses an exceptionally low number of alleles (to facilitate analysis), then even mhc l ... | 2012 | 23006678 |
| dna metabarcoding reveals diet overlap between the endangered walia ibex and domestic goats - implications for conservation. | human population expansion and associated degradation of the habitat of many wildlife species cause loss of biodiversity and species extinctions. the small simen mountains national park in ethiopia is one of the last strongholds for the preservation of a number of afro-alpine mammals, plants and birds, and it is home to the rare endemic walia ibex, capra walie. the narrow distribution range of this species as well as potential competition for resources with livestock, especially with domestic go ... | 2016 | 27416020 |
| mycoplasma conjunctivae in domestic small ruminants from high mountain habitats in northern spain. | infectious keratoconjunctivitis (ikc) is a clinical condition affecting eyes of domestic and wild caprinae worldwide, and mycoplasma conjunctivae is considered the primary causative agent of ikc in sheep, goats and wild caprinae. domestic ruminants from high mountain habitats share grazing areas with wild mountain ungulates, such as chamois (rupicapra spp.), alpine ibex (capra ibex) and european mouflon (ovis aries musimon), and domestic sheep seem to act as m. conjunctivae reservoir. in this st ... | 2013 | 24330682 |
| genetic characterization of a novel mutant of peste des petits ruminants virus isolated from capra ibex in china during 2015. | peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) is the causative agent of peste des petits ruminants (ppr). the spread of ppr often causes severe economic losses. therefore, special attention should be paid to the surveillance of ppr emergence, spread, and geographic distribution. here we describe a novel mutant of pprv china/xjbz/2015 that was isolated from capra ibex in xinjiang province in china 2015. the sequence analysis and phylogenetic assessment indicate that china/xjbz/2015 belongs to lineage i ... | 2016 | 26998489 |
| protection of spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) against bluetongue virus serotypes 1 and 8 in a subclinical experimental infection. | many wild ruminants such as spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) are susceptible to bluetongue virus (btv) infection, which causes disease mainly in domestic sheep and cattle. outbreaks involving either btv serotypes 1 (btv-1) and 8 (btv-8) are currently challenging europe. inclusion of wildlife vaccination among btv control measures should be considered in certain species. in the present study, four out of fifteen seronegative spanish ibexes were immunized with a single dose of inactivated vaccine ag ... | 2012 | 22666321 |
| prey preference of snow leopard (panthera uncia) in south gobi, mongolia. | accurate information about the diet of large carnivores that are elusive and inhabit inaccessible terrain, is required to properly design conservation strategies. predation on livestock and retaliatory killing of predators have become serious issues throughout the range of the snow leopard. several feeding ecology studies of snow leopards have been conducted using classical approaches. these techniques have inherent limitations in their ability to properly identify both snow leopard feces and pr ... | 2012 | 22393381 |
| exposure of wildlife to the schmallenberg virus in france (2011-2014): higher, faster, stronger (than bluetongue)! | the schmallenberg virus (sbv) has recently emerged in europe, causing losses to the domestic livestock. a retrospective analysis of serodata was conducted in france for estimating seroprevalence of sbv among six wildlife species from 2011-2012 to 2013-2014, that is during the three vector seasons after the emergence of the sbv in france. our objective was to quantify the exposure of wildlife to sbv and the potential protective effect of elevation such as previously observed for bluetongue. we al ... | 2017 | 25958882 |
| survey of bluetongue virus infection in free-ranging wild ruminants in switzerland. | in 2006, bluetongue virus serotype 8 (btv-8) was detected for the first time in central europe. measures to control the infection in livestock were implemented in switzerland but the question was raised whether free-ranging wildlife could be a maintenance host for btv-8. furthermore toggenburg orbivirus (tov), considered as a potential 25th btv serotype, was detected in 2007 in domestic goats in switzerland and wild ruminants were considered a potential source of infection. to assess prevalences ... | 2013 | 23941229 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus in free-ranging wild ruminants in switzerland: low prevalence of infection despite regular interactions with domestic livestock. | | 2012 | 23107231 |
| finding a robust strain for biomethanation: anaerobic fungi (neocallimastigomycota) from the alpine ibex (capra ibex) and their associated methanogens. | anaerobic fungi occupy the rumen and digestive tract of herbivores, where they play an important role in enzymatic digestion of lignocellulosic and cellulosic substrates, i.e. organic material that their hosts are unable to decompose on their own. in this study we isolated anaerobic fungi from a typical alpine herbivore, the alpine ibex (c. ibex). three fungal strains, either as pure culture (st2) or syntrophic co-culture with methanogens (st3, st4) were successfully obtained and morphologically ... | 2014 | 24384307 |
| novel sequence types of chlamydia pecorum infect free-ranging alpine ibex (capra ibex) and red deer (cervus elaphus) in switzerland. | chlamydia pecorum, a recognized pathogen of domesticated ruminants and koalas (phascolarctos cinereus), has been recently reported in a broad range of other wildlife species including water buffalo (bubalus bubalis), ibex (capra ibex), chamois (rupicapra rupicapra), red deer (cervus elaphus), and birds. this identification raises questions as to whether cross-host transmission may be a factor in the epidemiology of infections in these species. to begin to address this question, we employed a c. ... | 2015 | 25647593 |
| shedding of clostridium difficile pcr ribotype 078 by zoo animals, and report of an unstable metronidazole-resistant isolate from a zebra foal (equus quagga burchellii). | clostridium difficile is an emerging and potentially zoonotic pathogen, but its prevalence in most animal species, including exhibition animals, is currently unknown. in this study we assessed the prevalence of faecal shedding of c. difficile by zoo animals, and determined the ribotype, toxin profile and antimicrobial susceptibility of recovered isolates. a total of 200 samples from 40 animal species (36.5% of which came from plains zebra, equus quagga burchellii) were analysed. c. difficile was ... | 2014 | 24467928 |
| endemic caseous lymphadenitis in a wild caprinae population. | between 2010 and 2013, an outbreak of caseous lymphadenitis (cla) occurred in a captive stock of iberian ibexes (capra pyrenaica, schinz 1838) maintained for conservation purposes in the national game reserve 'ports de tortosa i beseit' (ptb), northeastern spain. the aim of this study was to assess the cla status in the free-ranging donor population of ibexes. an elisa test to detect antibodies to cla was performed in 360 hunter-harvested ibexes between 2007 and 2013. a spatial analysis and recu ... | 2017 | 28275091 |
| management of a caseous lymphadenitis outbreak in a new iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) stock reservoir. | in 2010, an iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) stock reservoir was established for conservation purposes in north-eastern spain. eighteen ibexes were captured in the wild and housed in a 17 hectare enclosure. once in captivity, a caseous lymphadenitis (cla) outbreak occurred and ibex handlings were carried out at six-month intervals between 2010 and 2013 to perform health examinations and sampling. treatment with a bacterin-based autovaccine and penicillin g benzatine was added during the ... | 2014 | 25492129 |
| wide exposure to coxiella burnetii in ruminant and feline species living in a natural environment: zoonoses in a human-livestock-wildlife interface. | assessment of the role of wild and domestic hosts as potential reservoirs of misdiagnosed zoonoses, such as q fever by coxiella burnetii, is an important public health issue today both for wildlife conservation and management of disease in human-livestock-wildlife interface. this study used elisa, an indirect antibody, to research (2003-2013) c. burnetii infection in seven free-living wild and domestic ruminant species and in european wildcats (felis silvestris). the animals studied were 0 europ ... | 2017 | 27776577 |
| outbreak of severe foot rot associated with benign dichelobacter nodosus in an alpine ibex colony in the swiss prealps. | an outbreak of foot rot occurred in the ibex colony "vanil noir" in switzerland from may to december 2014. this article describes field observations and the analyses carried out on the limbs of 3 animals submitted for postmortem examination. disease signs observed in the field included lameness, poor body condition and overgrown hooves. macroscopic examination of selected limbs revealed severe lesions in all of them, including interdigital inflammation with ulceration and malodorous exudation. h ... | 2015 | 26753343 |
| detection of antibodies in wild ruminants to evaluate exposure to liver trematodes. | wild ruminants sharing pastures with domestic livestock are at risk of infection by liver trematodes. detection of antibodies provides a very useful tool to gain more knowledge about the distribution of these parasites. non-lethal methods are strongly encouraged for the analysis of the risk of infection among wild ruminants. a seroepidemiological survey was conducted to analyze exposure to hepatic trematodes ( fasciola hepatica and dicrocoelium dendriticum ) in wild ruminants from southern spain ... | 2012 | 22414166 |
| prevalence of subtilase cytotoxin-encoding subab variants among shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains isolated from wild ruminants and sheep differs from that of cattle and pigs and is predominated by the new allelic variant subab2-2. | subtilase cytotoxin (subab) is an ab5 toxin produced by shiga toxin (stx)-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains usually lacking the eae gene product intimin. three allelic variants of subab encoding genes have been described: subab1, located on a plasmid, subab2-1, located on the pathogenicity island se-pai and subab2-2 located in an outer membrane efflux protein (oep) region. subab is becoming increasingly recognized as a toxin potentially involved in human pathogenesis. ruminants and cattl ... | 2015 | 25488108 |
| discovery of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing escherichia coli among hunted deer, chamois and ibex. | the aim of the present study was to assess for the first time the dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) producing escherichia coli in the wild animal ecosystem in switzerland. fecal samples of 84 red deer, 64 roe deer, 64 chamois, and 27 ibex were investigated. one sample from a roe deer tested positive for esbl-producing e. coli. the isolate harboured blactx-m-1 and tested negative for both blatem and blashv. based on these results low occurrence of esbl-producing enterobacte ... | 2012 | 23117989 |
| shiga toxin subtypes associated with shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains isolated from red deer, roe deer, chamois, and ibex. | a total of 52 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains, isolated from fecal samples of six ibex, 12 chamois, 15 roe deer, and 19 red deer were further characterized by subtyping the stx genes, examining strains for the top nine serogroups and testing for the presence of eae and ehxa. eleven of the 52 strains belonged to one of the top nine stec o groups (o26, o45, o91, o103, o111, o113, o121, o145, and o157). eight stec strains were of serogroup o145, two strains of serogroup o113, ... | 2012 | 22891940 |
| shedding of foodborne pathogens and microbial carcass contamination of hunted wild ruminants. | to assess the shedding of selected bacterial foodborne pathogens, fecal samples from 239 hunted wild red deer, roe deer, chamois, and ibex were examined. all samples tested negative for salmonella spp. and l. monocytogenes, but other listeria species were occasionally found. of the 239 fecal samples, 32.6% tested positive for stx (shiga toxins), 6.7% for eae (intimin) and 13.8% for both stx and eae genes. among the 56 isolated shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains, 44.6% harbored ... | 2012 | 22503394 |
| occurrence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in fecal samples of hunted deer, chamois and ibex in switzerland. | | 2013 | 23985097 |
| emergence of atypical mycoplasma agalactiae strains harboring a new prophage and associated with an alpine wild ungulate mortality episode. | the bacterium mycoplasma agalactiae is responsible for contagious agalactia (ca) in small domestic ruminants, a syndrome listed by the world organization for animal health and responsible for severe damage to the dairy industry. recently, we frequently isolated this pathogen from lung lesions of ibexes during a mortality episode in the french alps. this situation was unusual in terms of host specificity and tissue tropism, raising the question of m. agalactiae emergence in wildlife. to address t ... | 2012 | 22522685 |
| infectious keratoconjunctivitis in wild caprinae: merging field observations and molecular analyses sheds light on factors shaping outbreak dynamics. | infectious keratoconjunctivitis (ikc) is an ocular infectious disease caused by mycoplasma conjunctivae which affects small domestic and wild mountain ruminants. domestic sheep maintain the pathogen but the detection of healthy carriers in wildlife has raised the question as to whether m. conjunctivae may also persist in the wild. furthermore, the factors shaping the dynamics of ikc outbreaks in wildlife have remained largely unknown. the aims of this study were (1) to verify the etiological rol ... | 2017 | 28259139 |
| occurrence, quantification, and genotyping of mycoplasma conjunctivae in wild caprinae with and without infectious keratoconjunctivitis. | mycoplasma conjunctivae, the causative agent of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (ikc), was recently detected in asymptomatic alpine ibex (capra ibex ibex). this suggested that an external source of infection may not be required for an ikc outbreak in wildlife but might be initiated by healthy carriers, which contradicted previous serologic investigations in chamois. our aims were to 1) assess the prevalence of m. conjunctivae among asymptomatic ibex and alpine chamois (rupicapra rupicapra rupica ... | 2012 | 22740528 |