| characterization of a novel murine model to study zika virus. | the mosquito-borne zika virus (zikv) is responsible for an explosive ongoing outbreak of febrile illness across the americas. zikv was previously thought to cause only a mild, flu-like illness, but during the current outbreak, an association with guillain-barré syndrome and microcephaly in neonates has been detected. a previous study showed that zikv requires murine adaptation to generate reproducible murine disease. in our study, a low-passage cambodian isolate caused disease and mortality in m ... | 2016 | 27022155 |
| development, characterization and application of monoclonal antibodies against brazilian dengue virus isolates. | dengue is the most prevalent human arboviral disease. the morbidity related to dengue infection supports the need for an early, quick and effective diagnostic test. brazil is a hotspot for dengue, but no serological diagnostic test has been produced using brazilian dengue virus isolates. this study aims to improve the development of immunodiagnostic methods for dengue virus (denv) detection through the production and characterization of 22 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against brazilian isolates ... | 2014 | 25412181 |
| ecuador paraiso escondido virus, a new flavivirus isolated from new world sand flies in ecuador, is the first representative of a novel clade in the genus flavivirus. | a new flavivirus, ecuador paraiso escondido virus (epev), named after the village where it was discovered, was isolated from sand flies (psathyromyia abonnenci, formerly lutzomyia abonnenci) that are unique to the new world. this represents the first sand fly-borne flavivirus identified in the new world. epev exhibited a typical flavivirus genome organization. nevertheless, the maximum pairwise amino acid sequence identity with currently recognized flaviviruses was 52.8%. phylogenetic analysis o ... | 2015 | 26355096 |
| a tetravalent sub-unit dengue vaccine formulated with ionizable cationic lipid nanoparticle induces significant immune responses in rodents and non-human primates. | dengue virus has emerged as an important arboviral infection worldwide. as a complex pathogen, with four distinct serotypes, the development of a successful dengue virus vaccine has proven to be challenging. here, we describe a novel dengue vaccine candidate that contains truncated, recombinant, dengue virus envelope protein from all four dengue virus serotypes (den-80e) formulated with ionizable cationic lipid nanoparticles (lnps). immunization studies in mice, guinea pigs, and in rhesus macaqu ... | 2016 | 27703172 |
| illustrating and homology modeling the proteins of the zika virus. | the zika virus (zikv) is a flavivirus of the family flaviviridae, which is similar to dengue virus, yellow fever and west nile virus. recent outbreaks in south america, latin america, the caribbean and in particular brazil have led to concern for the spread of the disease and potential to cause guillain-barré syndrome and microcephaly. although zikv has been known of for over 60 years there is very little in the way of knowledge of the virus with few publications and no crystal structures. no an ... | 2016 | 27746901 |
| an updated checklist of mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) from madagascar. | an updated checklist of 235 mosquito species from madagascar is presented. the number of species has increased considerably compared to previous checklists, particularly the last published in 2003 (178 species). this annotated checklist provides concise information on endemism, taxonomic position, developmental stages, larval habitats, distribution, behavior, and vector-borne diseases potentially transmitted. the 235 species belong to 14 genera: aedeomyia (3 species), aedes (35 species), anophel ... | 2016 | 27101839 |
| development of 2, 7-diamino-1, 8-naphthyridine (danp) anchored hairpin primers for rt-pcr detection of chikungunya virus infection. | a molecular diagnostic platform with danp-anchored hairpin primer was developed and evaluated for the rapid and cost-effective detection of chikungunya virus (chikv) with high sensitivity and specificity. the molecule 2, 7-diamino-1, 8-naphthyridine (danp) binds to a cytosine-bulge and emits fluorescence at 450 nm when it is excited by 400 nm light. thus, by measuring the decline in fluorescence emitted from danp-primer complexes after pcr reaction, we could monitor the pcr progress. by adapting ... | 2016 | 27571201 |
| the insect-specific palm creek virus modulates west nile virus infection in and transmission by australian mosquitoes. | insect-specific viruses do not replicate in vertebrate cells, but persist in mosquito populations and are highly prevalent in nature. these viruses may naturally regulate the transmission of pathogenic vertebrate-infecting arboviruses in co-infected mosquitoes. following the isolation of the first australian insect-specific flavivirus (isf), palm creek virus (pcv), we investigated routes of infection and transmission of this virus in key australian arbovirus vectors and its impact on replication ... | 2016 | 27457250 |
| contribution of intertwined loop to membrane association revealed by zika virus full-length ns1 structure. | the association of zika virus (zikv) infections with microcephaly and neurological diseases has highlighted an emerging public health concern. here, we report the crystal structure of the full-length zikv nonstructural protein 1 (ns1), a major host-interaction molecule that functions in flaviviral replication, pathogenesis, and immune evasion. of note, a long intertwined loop is observed in the wing domain of zikv ns1, and forms a hydrophobic "spike", which can contribute to cellular membrane as ... | 2016 | 27578809 |
| molecular diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by puumala virus. | rodent-borne hantaviruses cause two severe acute diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in eurasia, and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps; also called hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome [hcps]) in the americas. puumala virus (puuv) is the most common causative agent of hfrs in europe. current routine diagnostic methods are based on serological analyses and can yield inconclusive results. hantavirus-infected patients are viremic during the early phase of disease; therefore, dete ... | 2016 | 26962084 |
| zika virus and its implication in transfusion safety. | | 2016 | 26969782 |
| usutu virus: an emerging flavivirus in europe. | usutu virus (usuv) is an african mosquito-borne flavivirus belonging to the japanese encephalitis virus serocomplex. usuv is closely related to murray valley encephalitis virus, japanese encephalitis virus, and west nile virus. usuv was discovered in south africa in 1959. in europe, the first true demonstration of circulation of usuv was reported in austria in 2001 with a significant die-off of eurasian blackbirds. in the subsequent years, usuv expanded to neighboring countries, including italy, ... | 2015 | 25606971 |
| characterization of a novel insect-specific flavivirus from brazil: potential for inhibition of infection of arthropod cells with medically important flaviviruses. | in the past decade, there has been an upsurge in the number of newly described insect-specific flaviviruses isolated pan-globally. we recently described the isolation of a novel flavivirus (tentatively designated 'nhumirim virus'; nhuv) that represents an example of a unique subset of apparently insect-specific viruses that phylogenetically affiliate with dual-host mosquito-borne flaviviruses despite appearing to be limited to replication in mosquito cells. we characterized the in vitro growth p ... | 2014 | 25146007 |
| filovirus research in gabon and equatorial africa: the experience of a research center in the heart of africa. | health research programs targeting the population of gabon and equatorial africa at the international center for medical research in franceville (cirmf), gabon, have evolved during the years since its inception in 1979 in accordance with emerging diseases. since the reemergence of ebola virus in central africa, the cirmf "emerging viral disease unit" developed diagnostic tools and epidemiologic strategies and transfers of such technology to support the response of the national public health syst ... | 2012 | 23170174 |
| a possible mechanism of zika virus associated microcephaly: imperative role of retinoic acid response element (rare) consensus sequence repeats in the viral genome. | owing to the reports of microcephaly as a consistent outcome in the fetuses of pregnant women infected with zikv in brazil, zika virus (zikv)-microcephaly etiomechanistic relationship has recently been implicated. researchers, however, are still struggling to establish an embryological basis for this interesting causal handcuff. the present study reveals robust evidence in favor of a plausible zikv-microcephaly cause-effect liaison. the rationale is based on: (1) sequence homology between zikv g ... | 2016 | 27555815 |
| longitudinal analysis of natural killer cells in dengue virus-infected patients in comparison to chikungunya and chikungunya/dengue virus-infected patients. | dengue virus (denv) is the most prominent arbovirus worldwide, causing major epidemics in south-east asia, south america and africa. in 2010, a major denv-2 outbreak occurred in gabon with cases of patients co-infected with chikungunya virus (chikv). although the innate immune response is thought to be of primordial importance in the development and outcome of arbovirus-associated pathologies, our knowledge of the role of natural killer (nk) cells during denv-2 infection is in its infancy. | 2016 | 26938618 |
| molecular evolution of zika virus during its emergence in the 20(th) century. | zika virus (zikv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus first isolated in uganda in 1947. although entomological and virologic surveillance have reported zikv enzootic activity in diverse countries of africa and asia, few human cases were reported until 2007, when a zika fever epidemic took place in micronesia. in the context of west africa, the who collaborating centre for arboviruses and hemorrhagic fever at institut pasteur of dakar (http://www.pasteur.fr/recherche/banques/crora/) reports the period ... | 2014 | 24421913 |
| evaluation of a field-portable dna microarray platform and nucleic acid amplification strategies for the detection of arboviruses, arthropods, and bloodmeals. | highly multiplexed assays, such as microarrays, can benefit arbovirus surveillance by allowing researchers to screen for hundreds of targets at once. we evaluated amplification strategies and the practicality of a portable dna microarray platform to analyze virus-infected mosquitoes. the prototype microarray design used here targeted the non-structural protein 5, ribosomal rna, and cytochrome b genes for the detection of flaviviruses, mosquitoes, and bloodmeals, respectively. we identified 13 of ... | 2012 | 23249687 |
| development of one-step quantitative reverse transcription pcr for the rapid detection of flaviviruses. | the genus flavivirus includes several pathogenic agents that cause severe illness in humans. re-emergence of west nile virus in europe and continuous spread of certain flaviviruses such as dengue, yellow fever and japanese encephalitis viruses represent a global danger to public health. therefore, a rapid and accurate molecular method is required for diagnostics and epidemiological surveillance of flaviviruses. | 2013 | 23410000 |
| priorities and needs for research on urban interventions targeting vector-borne diseases: rapid review of scoping and systematic reviews. | this paper highlights the critical importance of evidence on vector-borne diseases (vbd) prevention and control interventions in urban settings when assessing current and future needs, with a view to setting policy priorities that promote inclusive and equitable urban health services. research should produce knowledge about policies and interventions that are intended to control and prevent vbds at the population level and to reduce inequities. such interventions include policy, program, and res ... | 2016 | 27903305 |
| zika virus infection after travel to tahiti, december 2013. | | 0 | 25062427 |
| nucleotide composition of the zika virus rna genome and its codon usage. | rna viruses have genomes with a distinct nucleotide composition and codon usage. we present the global characteristics of the rna genome of zika virus (zikv), an emerging pathogen within the flavivirus genus. zikv was first isolated in 1947 in uganda, caused a widespread epidemic in south and central america and the caribbean in 2015 and has recently been associated with microcephaly in newborns. | 2016 | 27278486 |
| pathogenesis of zika virus-associated embryopathy. | a strong causal association has become evident between zika virus (zikv) infection during pregnancy and the occurrence of fetal growth restriction, microcephaly and eye defects. circumstantial evidence is presented in this paper in support of the hypothesis that these effects, as well as the guillain-barré syndrome, are due to an endogenous form of hypervitaminosis a resulting from zikv infection-induced damage to the liver and the spillage of stored vitamin a compounds ("retinoids") into the ma ... | 2016 | 27403405 |
| scoping review of the zika virus literature. | the global primary literature on zika virus (zikv) (n = 233 studies and reports, up to march 1, 2016) has been compiled using a scoping review methodology to systematically identify and characterise the literature underpinning this broad topic using methods that are documented, updateable and reproducible. our results indicate that more than half the primary literature on zikv has been published since 2011. the articles mainly covered three topic categories: epidemiology of zikv (surveillance an ... | 2016 | 27244249 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals a signature profile for tick-borne flavivirus persistence in hek 293t cells. | tick-borne flaviviruses (tbfvs) cause febrile illnesses, which may progress to severe encephalitis and/or death in humans globally. most people who recover from severe acute disease suffer from debilitating neurological sequelae, which may be due to viral persistence, infection-induced neurological cell damage, host response, or some combination of these. acute tbfv infection of human embryonic kidney (hek) 293t cells in vitro results in the death of >95% of infected cells by day 5. however, rep ... | 2016 | 27222466 |
| a pan-dengue virus reverse transcription-insulated isothermal pcr assay intended for point-of-need diagnosis of dengue virus infection by use of the pockit nucleic acid analyzer. | dengue virus (denv) infection is considered a major public health problem in developing tropical countries where the virus is endemic and continues to cause major disease outbreaks every year. here, we describe the development of a novel, inexpensive, and user-friendly diagnostic assay based on a reverse transcription-insulated isothermal pcr (rt-iipcr) method for the detection of all four serotypes of denv in clinical samples. the diagnostic performance of the newly established pan-denv rt-iipc ... | 2016 | 27030492 |
| the evolution and challenge of the zika virus and its uncharted territory in the neurological realm. | | 2016 | 27478853 |
| a proline-rich n-terminal region of the dengue virus ns3 is crucial for infectious particle production. | dengue virus is currently the most important insect-borne viral human pathogen. viral nonstructural protein 3 (ns3) is a key component of the viral replication machinery that performs multiple functions during viral replication and participates in antiviral evasion. using dengue virus infectious clones and reporter systems to dissect each step of the viral life cycle, we examined the requirements of different domains of ns3 on viral particle assembly. a thorough site-directed mutagenesis study b ... | 2016 | 27009958 |
| the crystal structure of zika virus helicase: basis for antiviral drug design. | | 0 | 27172988 |
| complete genome sequences of zika virus strains isolated from the blood of patients in thailand in 2014 and the philippines in 2012. | here, we present the complete genome sequences of two zika virus (zikv) strains, zika virus/homo sapiens-tc/tha/2014/sv0127-14 and zika virus/h. sapiens-tc/phl/2012/cpc-0740, isolated from the blood of patients collected in thailand, 2014, and the philippines, 2012, respectively. sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that both strains belong to the asian lineage. | 2016 | 27174274 |
| dengue research: a bibliometric analysis of worldwide and arab publications during 1872-2015. | dengue is an important emerging and re-emerging arboviral infection globally as a rapidly growing and widespread public health problem, with transmission occurring in more than 128 countries in asia, americas, southeast africa, western pacific, and eastern mediterranean regions. therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize and quantify the scientific output of dengue research in arab countries relative to that worldwide by using a bibliometric analysis. | 2016 | 27154247 |
| a susceptible mouse model for zika virus infection. | zika virus (zikv) is a mosquito-borne pathogen which has recently spread beyond africa and into pacific and south american regions. despite first being detected in 1947, very little information is known about the virus, and its spread has been associated with increases in guillain-barre syndrome and microcephaly. there are currently no known vaccines or antivirals against zikv infection. progress in assessing interventions will require the development of animal models to test efficacies; however ... | 2016 | 27149521 |
| zika virus: indian perspectives. | the emergence of zika virus (ziv), a mosquito borne flavivirus like dengue (den) and chikungunya (chik), in brazil in 2014 and its spread to various countries have led to a global health emergency. aedes aegypti is the major vector for ziv. fast dissemination of this virus in different geographical areas posses a major threat especially to regions where the population lacks herd immunity against the ziv and there is abundance of aedes mosquitoes. in this review, we focus on current global scenar ... | 0 | 27487998 |
| isolation of zika virus from febrile patient, indonesia. | | 0 | 27088970 |
| spectrum of viral pathogens in blood of malaria-free ill travelers returning to canada. | malaria is the most common specific cause of fever in returning travelers, but many other vectorborne infections and viral infections are emerging and increasingly encountered by travelers. we documented common and emerging viral pathogens in malaria-negative specimens from ill travelers returning to canada. anonymized, malaria-negative specimens were examined for various viral pathogens by real-time pcr. samples were positive for herpes simplex viruses 1 or 2 (n = 21, 1.6%), cytomegalovirus (n ... | 0 | 27089008 |
| zika virus: new clinical syndromes and its emergence in the western hemisphere. | zika virus (zikv) had remained a relatively obscure flavivirus until a recent series of outbreaks accompanied by unexpectedly severe clinical complications brought this virus into the spotlight as causing an infection of global public health concern. in this review, we discuss the history and epidemiology of zikv infection, recent outbreaks in oceania and the emergence of zikv in the western hemisphere, newly ascribed complications of zikv infection, including guillain-barré syndrome and microce ... | 2016 | 26962217 |
| mapping global environmental suitability for zika virus. | zika virus was discovered in uganda in 1947 and is transmitted by aedes mosquitoes, which also act as vectors for dengue and chikungunya viruses throughout much of the tropical world. in 2007, an outbreak in the federated states of micronesia sparked public health concern. in 2013, the virus began to spread across other parts of oceania and in 2015, a large outbreak in latin america began in brazil. possible associations with microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome observed in this outbreak hav ... | 2016 | 27090089 |
| the global spread of zika virus: is public and media concern justified in regions currently unaffected? | zika virus, an aedes mosquito-borne flavivirus, is fast becoming a worldwide public health concern following its suspected association with over 4000 recent cases of microcephaly among newborn infants in brazil. | 2016 | 27093860 |
| zika virus: the latest newcomer. | since the beginning of this century, humanity has been facing a new emerging, or re-emerging, virus threat almost every year: west nile, influenza a, avian flu, dengue, chikungunya, sars, mers, ebola, and now zika, the latest newcomer. zika virus (zikv), a flavivirus transmitted by aedes mosquitoes, was identified in 1947 in a sentinel monkey in uganda, and later on in humans in nigeria. the virus was mainly confined to the african continent until it was detected in south-east asia the 1980's, t ... | 2016 | 27148186 |
| clinical and epidemiological characterization of laboratory-confirmed autochthonous cases of zika virus disease in mexico. | since 2014, autochthonous circulation of zika virus (zikv) in the americas was detected (easter island, chile). in may 2015, brazil confirmed autochthonous --transmission and in october of that year colombia reported their first cases. now more than 52 countries have reported cases, including mexico. to deal with this contingency in mexico, several surveillance systems, in addition to systems for vector-borne diseases were strengthened with the participation of all health institutions. also, th ... | 2016 | 27158557 |
| recovery of west nile virus envelope protein domain iii chimeras with altered antigenicity and mouse virulence. | flaviviruses are positive-sense, single-stranded rna viruses responsible for millions of human infections annually. the envelope (e) protein of flaviviruses comprises three structural domains, of which domain iii (eiii) represents a discrete subunit. the eiii gene sequence typically encodes epitopes recognized by virus-specific, potently neutralizing antibodies, and eiii is believed to play a major role in receptor binding. in order to assess potential interactions between eiii and the remainder ... | 2016 | 26912625 |
| zika virus infections imported from brazil to portugal, 2015. | zika virus is an emerging arbovirus transmitted by aedes sp. mosquitoes like the dengue and chikungunya viruses. zika virus was until recently considered a mild pathogenic mosquito-borne flavivirus with very few reported benign human infections. in 2007, an epidemic in micronesia initiated the turnover in the epidemiological history of zika virus and more recently, the potential association with congenital microcephaly cases in brazil 2015, still under investigation, led the world health organiz ... | 2016 | 27134823 |
| estimating risks of importation and local transmission of zika virus infection. | background. an international spread of zika virus (zikv) infection has attracted global attention. zikv is conveyed by a mosquito vector, aedes species, which also acts as the vector species of dengue and chikungunya viruses. methods. arrival time of zikv importation (i.e., the time at which the first imported case was diagnosed) in each imported country was collected from publicly available data sources. employing a survival analysis model in which the hazard is an inverse function of the effec ... | 2016 | 27069825 |
| identify-isolate-inform: a tool for initial detection and management of zika virus patients in the emergency department. | first isolated in 1947 from a monkey in the zika forest in uganda, and from mosquitoes in the same forest the following year, zika virus has gained international attention due to concerns for infection in pregnant women potentially causing fetal microcephaly. more than one million people have been infected since the appearance of the virus in brazil in 2015. approximately 80% of infected patients are asymptomatic. an association with microcephaly and other birth defects as well as guillain-barre ... | 2016 | 27330653 |
| preparedness for zika virus testing in the world health organization western pacific region. | on 1 february 2016, the world health organization (who) declared that clusters of microcephaly cases and other neurological disorders occurring in zika virus (zikv)-affected areas constituted a public health emergency of international concern. increased surveillance of the virus, including the requirement for laboratory confirmation of infection, was recommended. the who regional office for the western pacific therefore initiated a rapid survey among national-level public health laboratories in ... | 2016 | 27757256 |
| the 3.8 å resolution cryo-em structure of zika virus. | the recent rapid spread of zika virus and its unexpected linkage to birth defects and an autoimmune neurological syndrome have generated worldwide concern. zika virus is a flavivirus like the dengue, yellow fever, and west nile viruses. we present the 3.8 angstrom resolution structure of mature zika virus, determined by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-em). the structure of zika virus is similar to other known flavivirus structures, except for the ~10 amino acids that surround the asn(154) glycosy ... | 2016 | 27033547 |
| investigation into an outbreak of dengue-like illness in pernambuco, brazil, revealed a cocirculation of zika, chikungunya, and dengue virus type 1. | in april 2015, an outbreak of dengue-like illness occurred in tuparetama, a small city in the northeast region of brazil; this outbreak was characterized by its fast expansion. an investigation was initiated to identify the viral etiologies and advise the health authorities on implementing control measures to contain the outbreak. this is the first report of this outbreak in the northeast, even though a few cases were documented earlier in a neighboring city.plasma samples were obtained from 77 ... | 0 | 27015222 |
| zika virus: diagnostics for an emerging pandemic threat. | zika virus (zikv) is anaedesmosquito-borne flavivirus that emerged in brazil in 2015 and then rapidly spread throughout the tropical and subtropical americas. based on clinical criteria alone, zikv cannot be reliably distinguished from infections with other pathogens that cause an undifferentiated systemic febrile illness, including infections with two common arboviruses, dengue virus and chikungunya virus. this minireview details the methods that are available to diagnose zikv infection. | 2016 | 26888897 |
| a rapid and improved method to generate recombinant dengue virus vaccine candidates. | dengue is one of the most important mosquito-borne infections accounting for severe morbidity and mortality worldwide. recently, the tetravalent chimeric live attenuated dengue vaccine dengvaxia® was approved for use in several dengue endemic countries. in general, live attenuated vaccines (lav) are very efficacious and offer long-lasting immunity against virus-induced disease. rationally designed lavs can be generated through reverse genetics technology, a method of generating infectious recomb ... | 2016 | 27008550 |
| neglected tropical diseases among the association of southeast asian nations (asean): overview and update. | the ten member states of the association of southeast asian nations (asean) constitute an economic powerhouse, yet these countries also harbor a mostly hidden burden of poverty and neglected tropical diseases (ntds). almost 200 million people live in extreme poverty in asean countries, mostly in the low or lower middle-income countries of indonesia, the philippines, myanmar, viet nam, and cambodia, and many of them are affected by at least one ntd. however, ntds are prevalent even among upper mi ... | 2015 | 25880767 |
| zika virus infection, philippines, 2012. | | 0 | 25811410 |
| factors responsible for the emergence of arboviruses; strategies, challenges and limitations for their control. | slave trading of africans to the americas, during the 16th to the 19th century was responsible for the first recorded emergence in the new world of two arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), yellow fever virus and dengue virus. many other arboviruses have since emerged from their sylvatic reservoirs and dispersed globally due to evolving factors that include anthropological behaviour, commercial transportation and land-remediation. here, we outline some characteristics of these highly divergent ... | 2015 | 26038768 |
| potential sexual transmission of zika virus. | in december 2013, during a zika virus (zikv) outbreak in french polynesia, a patient in tahiti sought treatment for hematospermia, and zikv was isolated from his semen. zikv transmission by sexual intercourse has been previously suspected. this observation supports the possibility that zikv could be transmitted sexually. | 0 | 25625872 |
| universal single-probe rt-pcr assay for diagnosis of dengue virus infections. | dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has become more prevalent in the last few decades. most patients are viremic when they present with symptoms, and early diagnosis of dengue is important in preventing severe clinical complications associated with this disease and also represents a key factor in differential diagnosis. here, we designed and validated a hydrolysis-probe-based one-step real-time rt-pcr assay that targets the genomes of dengue virus serotypes 1-4. | 2014 | 25522325 |
| nonstructural protein 1-specific immunoglobulin m and g antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in diagnosis of flaviviral infections in humans. | igm antibody- and igg antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (mac/gac-elisas) targeted at envelope protein (e) of dengue viruses (denv), west nile virus, and japanese encephalitis virus (jev) are widely used as serodiagnostic tests for presumptive confirmation of viral infection. antibodies directed against the flavivirus nonstructural protein 1 (ns1) have been proposed as serological markers of natural infections among vaccinated populations. the aim of the current study is to opti ... | 2014 | 25502522 |
| zika virus emergence in mosquitoes in southeastern senegal, 2011. | zika virus (zikv; genus flavivirus, family flaviviridae) is maintained in a zoonotic cycle between arboreal aedes spp. mosquitoes and nonhuman primates in african and asian forests. spillover into humans has been documented in both regions and the virus is currently responsible for a large outbreak in french polynesia. zikv amplifications are frequent in southeastern senegal but little is known about their seasonal and spatial dynamics. the aim of this paper is to describe the spatio-temporal pa ... | 2014 | 25310102 |
| rapid evolutionary dynamics of structural disorder as a potential driving force for biological divergence in flaviviruses. | protein structure is commonly regarded to be conserved and to dictate function. most proteins rely on conformational flexibility to some degree. are regions that convey conformational flexibility conserved over evolutionary time? can changes in conformational flexibility alter protein function? here, the evolutionary dynamics of structurally ordered and disordered (flexible) regions are investigated genome-wide in flaviviruses, revealing that the amount and location of structural disorder fluctu ... | 0 | 23418179 |
| zika virus infection acquired during brief travel to indonesia. | zika virus infection closely resembles dengue fever. it is possible that many cases are misdiagnosed or missed. we report a case of zika virus infection in an australian traveler who returned from indonesia with fever and rash. further case identification is required to determine the evolving epidemiology of this disease. | 2013 | 23878182 |
| ilheus virus isolation in the pantanal, west-central brazil. | the wetlands of the brazilian pantanal host large concentrations of diverse wildlife species and hematophagous arthropods, conditions that favor the circulation of zoonotic arboviruses. a recent study from the nhecolândia sub-region of pantanal reported serological evidence of various flaviviruses, including west nile virus and ilheus virus (ilhv). according to the age of seropositive horses, at least three flaviviruses, including ilhv, circulated in the brazilian pantanal between 2005 and 2009. ... | 2013 | 23875051 |
| flaviviruses in europe: complex circulation patterns and their consequences for the diagnosis and control of west nile disease. | in europe, many flaviviruses are endemic (west nile, usutu, tick-borne encephalitis viruses) or occasionally imported (dengue, yellow fever viruses). due to the temporal and geographical co-circulation of flaviviruses in europe, flavivirus differentiation by diagnostic tests is crucial in the adaptation of surveillance and control efforts. serological diagnosis of flavivirus infections is complicated by the antigenic similarities among the flavivirus genus. indeed, most flavivirus antibodies are ... | 2013 | 24225644 |
| biology of zika virus infection in human skin cells. | zika virus (zikv) is an emerging arbovirus of the flaviviridae family, which includes dengue, west nile, yellow fever, and japanese encephalitis viruses, that causes a mosquito-borne disease transmitted by the aedes genus, with recent outbreaks in the south pacific. here we examine the importance of human skin in the entry of zikv and its contribution to the induction of antiviral immune responses. we show that human dermal fibroblasts, epidermal keratinocytes, and immature dendritic cells are p ... | 2015 | 26085147 |
| recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid diagnostics of dengue infection. | over 2.5 billion people are exposed to the risk of contracting dengue fever (df). early diagnosis of df helps to diminish its burden on public health. real-time reverse transcription polymerase amplification assays (rt-pcr) are the standard method for molecular detection of the dengue virus (denv). real-time rt-pcr analysis is not suitable for on-site screening since mobile devices are large, expensive, and complex. in this study, two rt-recombinase polymerase amplification (rt-rpa) assays were ... | 2015 | 26075598 |
| stress responses in flavivirus-infected cells: activation of unfolded protein response and autophagy. | the flavivirus is a genus of rna viruses that includes multiple long known human, animal, and zoonotic pathogens such as dengue virus, yellow fever virus, west nile virus, or japanese encephalitis virus, as well as other less known viruses that represent potential threats for human and animal health such as usutu or zika viruses. flavivirus replication is based on endoplasmic reticulum-derived structures. membrane remodeling and accumulation of viral factors induce endoplasmic reticulum stress t ... | 2014 | 24917859 |
| rapid molecular assays for the detection of yellow fever virus in low-resource settings. | yellow fever (yf) is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease transmitted by aedes mosquitoes. the causative agent, the yellow fever virus (yfv), is found in tropical and subtropical areas of south america and africa. although a vaccine is available since the 1930s, yf still causes thousands of deaths and several outbreaks have recently occurred in africa. therefore, rapid and reliable diagnostic methods easy to perform in low-resources settings could have a major impact on early detection of outbreak ... | 2014 | 24603874 |
| west nile virus documented in indonesia from acute febrile illness specimens. | we report the presence of west nile virus in a cryopreserved, dengue-negative serum specimen collected from an acute fever case on java in 2004-2005. the strain belongs to genotype lineage 2, which has recently been implicated in human outbreaks in europe. | 2014 | 24420775 |
| genetic characterization of zika virus strains: geographic expansion of the asian lineage. | zika virus (zikv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus distributed throughout much of africa and asia. infection with the virus may cause acute febrile illness that clinically resembles dengue fever. a recent study indicated the existence of three geographically distinct viral lineages; however this analysis utilized only a single viral gene. although zikv has been known to circulate in both africa and asia since at least the 1950s, little is known about the genetic relationships between geographicall ... | 2012 | 22389730 |
| zika virus infection, cambodia, 2010. | | 0 | 22305269 |
| introduction and transmission of zika virus in brazil: new challenges for the americas. | | 2016 | 27007567 |
| pre-cut filter paper for detecting anti-japanese encephalitis virus igm from dried cerebrospinal fluid spots. | the use of filter paper as a simple, inexpensive tool for storage and transportation of blood, 'dried blood spots' or guthrie cards, for diagnostic assays is well-established. in contrast, there are a paucity of diagnostic evaluations of dried cerebrospinal fluid (csf) spots. these have potential applications in low-resource settings, such as laos, where laboratory facilities for central nervous system (cns) diagnostics are only available in vientiane. in laos, a major cause of cns infection is ... | 2016 | 26986061 |
| comparative genomic analysis of pre-epidemic and epidemic zika virus strains for virological factors potentially associated with the rapidly expanding epidemic. | less than 20 sporadic cases of human zika virus (zikv) infection were reported in africa and asia before 2007, but large outbreaks involving up to 73% of the populations on the pacific islands have started since 2007, and spread to the americas in 2014. moreover, the clinical manifestation of zikv infection has apparently changed, as evident by increasing reports of neurological complications, such as guillain-barré syndrome in adults and congenital anomalies in neonates. we comprehensively comp ... | 2016 | 26980239 |
| outbreak of zika virus disease in the americas and the association with microcephaly, congenital malformations and guillain-barré syndrome. | | 2016 | 26998633 |
| causal or not: applying the bradford hill aspects of evidence to the association between zika virus and microcephaly. | | 2016 | 26976611 |
| zika virus and pregnancy: a review of the literature and clinical considerations. | the latest zika virus (zikv) outbreak has reached epidemic proportions as it spreads throughout south and central america. in november 2015, the brazilian ministry of health reported a 20-fold increase in the number of cases of neonatal microcephaly, which corresponds geographically and temporally to the zikv outbreak. case reports have provided some evidence of a causal link between maternal zikv infection, fetal microcephaly, and intracranial calcifications. the sparse data regarding zikv in p ... | 2016 | 26939047 |
| zika virus: medical countermeasure development challenges. | reports of high rates of primary microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome associated with zika virus infection in french polynesia and brazil have raised concerns that the virus circulating in these regions is a rapidly developing neuropathic, teratogenic, emerging infectious public health threat. there are no licensed medical countermeasures (vaccines, therapies or preventive drugs) available for zika virus infection and disease. the pan american health organization (paho) predicts that zika vi ... | 2016 | 26934531 |
| zika virus: a roar after years of whispering. | | 0 | 27168917 |
| flaviviruses as a cause of undifferentiated fever in sindh province, pakistan: a preliminary report. | arboviral diseases are expanding worldwide, yet global surveillance is often limited due to diplomatic and cultural barriers between nations. with human encroachment into new habitats, mosquito-borne viruses are also invading new areas. the actual prevalence of expanding arboviruses is unknown in pakistan due to inappropriate diagnosis and poor testing for arboviral diseases. the primary objective of this study was to document evidence of flavivirus infections as the cause of undifferentiated fe ... | 2016 | 26909342 |
| open drug discovery for the zika virus. | the zika virus (zikv) outbreak in the americas has caused global concern that we may be on the brink of a healthcare crisis. the lack of research on zikv in the over 60 years that we have known about it has left us with little in the way of starting points for drug discovery. our response can build on previous efforts with virus outbreaks and lean heavily on work done on other flaviviruses such as dengue virus. we provide some suggestions of what might be possible and propose an open drug discov ... | 2016 | 27134728 |
| reconstruction of the evolutionary history and dispersal of usutu virus, a neglected emerging arbovirus in europe and africa. | usutu virus (usuv), one of the most neglected old world encephalitic flaviviruses, causes epizootics among wild and captive birds and sporadic infection in humans. the dynamics of usuv spread and evolution in its natural hosts are unknown. here, we present the phylogeny and evolutionary history of all available usuv strains, including 77 newly sequenced complete genomes from a variety of host species at a temporal and spatial scaled resolution. the results showed that usuv can be classified into ... | 2016 | 26838717 |
| establishment of an algorithm using prm/e- and ns1-specific igm antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in diagnosis of japanese encephalitis virus and west nile virus infections in humans. | the front-line assay for the presumptive serodiagnosis of acute japanese encephalitis virus (jev) and west nile virus (wnv) infections is the premembrane/envelope (prm/e)-specific igm antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (mac-elisa). due to antibody cross-reactivity, mac-elisa-positive samples may be confirmed with a time-consuming plaque reduction neutralization test (prnt). in the present study, we applied a previously developed anti-nonstructural protein 1 (ns1)-specific mac-eli ... | 2015 | 26659204 |
| the emergence of zika virus as a global health security threat: a review and a consensus statement of the indusem joint working group (jwg). | the zika virus (zikv), first discovered in 1947, has emerged as a global public health threat over the last decade, with the accelerated geographic spread of the virus noted during the last 5 years. the world health organization (who) predicts that millions of cases of zikv are likely to occur in the americas during the next 12 months. these projections, in conjunction with suspected zika-associated increase in newborn microcephaly cases, prompted who to declare public health emergency of intern ... | 0 | 27013839 |
| long-term kinetics of zika virus rna and antibodies in body fluids of a vasectomized traveller returning from martinique: a case report. | the magnitude of the current zika virus (zikv) epidemic has led to a declaration of a public health emergency of international concern by the who. findings of viable viral particles in semen for several weeks are corroborating reports of sexual transmission of zikv. serious consequences of a positive diagnostic result particularly in the pregnant patient are calling for precise diagnostic tools also at later time points after infection. currently, recommendations suggest a diagnostic period of d ... | 2017 | 28068904 |
| animals in the zika virus life cycle: what to expect from megadiverse latin american countries. | zika virus (zikv) was first isolated in 1947 in primates in uganda, west africa. the virus remained confined to the equatorial regions of africa and asia, cycling between infecting monkeys, arboreal mosquitoes, and occasionally humans. the zikv asiatic strain was probably introduced into brazil in or around late 2013. presently, zikv is in contact with the rich biodiversity in all brazilian biomes, bordering on other latin american countries. infections in brazilian primates have been reported r ... | 2016 | 28005902 |
| artificial diets for mosquitoes. | mosquito-borne diseases are responsible for more than a million human deaths every year. modern mosquito control strategies such as sterile insect technique (sit), release of insects carrying a dominant lethal (ridl), population replacement strategies (pr), and wolbachia-based strategies require the rearing of large numbers of mosquitoes in culture for continuous release over an extended period of time. anautogenous mosquitoes require essential nutrients for egg production, which they obtain thr ... | 2016 | 28009851 |
| diversity of cultivable midgut microbiota at different stages of the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus from tezpur, india. | aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus are among the most important vectors of arboviral diseases, worldwide. recent studies indicate that diverse midgut microbiota of mosquitoes significantly affect development, digestion, metabolism, and immunity of their hosts. midgut microbiota has also been suggested to modulate the competency of mosquitoes to transmit arboviruses, malaria parasites etc. interestingly, the midgut microbial flora is dynamic and the diversity changes with the development of vectors ... | 2016 | 27941985 |
| towards peptide vaccines against zika virus: immunoinformatics combined with molecular dynamics simulations to predict antigenic epitopes of zika viral proteins. | the recent outbreak of zika virus (zikv) infection in brazil has developed to a global health concern due to its likely association with birth defects (primary microcephaly) and neurological complications. consequently, there is an urgent need to develop a vaccine to prevent or a medicine to treat the infection. in this study, immunoinformatics approach was employed to predict antigenic epitopes of zika viral proteins to aid in development of a peptide vaccine against zikv. both linear and confo ... | 2016 | 27934901 |
| heterologous protection against asian zika virus challenge in rhesus macaques. | zika virus (zikv; flaviviridae, flavivirus) was declared a public health emergency of international concern by the world health organization (who) in february 2016, because of the evidence linking infection with zikv to neurological complications, such as guillain-barre syndrome in adults and congenital birth defects including microcephaly in the developing fetus. because development of a zikv vaccine is a top research priority and because the genetic and antigenic variability of many rna viruse ... | 2016 | 27911897 |
| zika in america: the year in review. | short on funds and with no therapeutics or vaccines in sight, u.s. health officials are scrambling to prepare for a protracted fight with zika virus and the mosquitoes that carry it. in this article, the author focuses on the arrival of zika in the u.s. | 0 | 27990081 |
| sequence diversity of dengue virus type 2 in brain and thymus of infected interferon receptor ko mice: implications for dengue virulence. | we previously reported that a clinical isolate of dengue virus (denv) is capable of causing acute-phase systemic infection in mice harboring knockouts of the genes encoding type-i and -ii interferon ifn receptors (ifn-α/β/γr ko mice); in contrast, other virulent denv isolates exhibited slow disease progression in this mice, yielding lethal infection around 20 days post-infection (p.i.). in the present study, we sought to clarify the dynamics of slow disease progression by examining disease progr ... | 2016 | 27903277 |
| chloroquine, an endocytosis blocking agent, inhibits zika virus infection in different cell models. | zika virus (zikv) infection in utero might lead to microcephaly and other congenital defects. since no specific therapy is available thus far, there is an urgent need for the discovery of agents capable of inhibiting its viral replication and deleterious effects. chloroquine is widely used as an antimalarial drug, anti-inflammatory agent, and it also shows antiviral activity against several viruses. here we show that chloroquine exhibits antiviral activity against zikv in vero cells, human brain ... | 2016 | 27916837 |
| mrprimerv: a database of pcr primers for rna virus detection. | many infectious diseases are caused by viral infections, and in particular by rna viruses such as mers, ebola and zika. to understand viral disease, detection and identification of these viruses are essential. although pcr is widely used for rapid virus identification due to its low cost and high sensitivity and specificity, very few online database resources have compiled pcr primers for rna viruses. to effectively detect viruses, the mrprimerv database (http://mrprimerv.com) contains 152 380 2 ... | 2016 | 27899620 |
| zika (prvabc59) infection is associated with t cell infiltration and neurodegeneration in cns of immunocompetent neonatal c57bl/6 mice. | the recent spread of zika virus (zikv) and its association with increased rates of guillain barre and other neurological disorders as well as congenital defects that include microcephaly has created an urgent need to develop animal models to examine the pathogenesis of the disease and explore the efficacy of potential therapeutics and vaccines. recently developed infection models for zikv utilize mice defective in interferon responses. in this study we establish and characterize a new model of p ... | 2016 | 27855206 |
| identifying candidate targets of immune responses in zika virus based on homology to epitopes in other flavivirus species. | the current outbreak of zika virus has resulted in a massive effort to accelerate the development of zikv-specific diagnostics and vaccines. these efforts would benefit greatly from the definition of the specific epitope targets of immune responses in zikv, but given the relatively recent emergence of zikv as a pandemic threat, few such data are available. | 2016 | 28018746 |
| structure of the ns2b-ns3 protease from zika virus after self-cleavage. | the recent outbreak of zika virus (zikv) infections in the americas represents a serious threat to the global public health. the viral protease that processes viral polyproteins during infection appears as an attractive drug target. here we report a crystal structure at 1.84 å resolution of zikv non-structural protein ns2b-ns3 protease with the last four amino acids of the ns2b cofactor bound at the ns3 active site. this structure represents a post-proteolysis state of the enzyme during viral po ... | 2016 | 27845325 |
| neurological manifestations of zika virus infection. | zika virus (zikv) is a flavivirus (flaviviridae family) transmitted mainly by aedes mosquitoes. the virus was restricted to the african continent until its spread to south-east asia in the 1980's, the micronesia in 2007, the french polynesia in 2013 and, more recently in the americas in 2015, where, up to date, the world health organization (who) has estimated about 3-4 million total cases of zikv infection. during outbreaks in the french polynesia and brazil in 2013 and 2015, respectively, nati ... | 0 | 27878100 |
| identification of a new broadly cross-reactive epitope within domain iii of the duck tembusu virus e protein. | in 2010, a pathogenic flavivirus termed duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) caused widespread outbreak of egg-drop syndrome in domesticated ducks in china. although the glycoprotein e of dtmuv is an important structural component of the virus, the b-cell epitopes of this protein remains uncharacterized. using phage display and mutagenesis, we identified a minimal b-cell epitope, (374)exe/dppfg(380), that mediates binding to a nonneutralizing monoclonal antibody. dtmuv-positive duck serum reacted with the ... | 2016 | 27824100 |
| intrinsically disordered side of the zika virus proteome. | over the last few decades, concepts of protein intrinsic disorder have been implicated in different biological processes. recent studies have suggested that intrinsically disordered proteins (idps) provide structural plasticity and functional diversity to viral proteins that are involved in rapid replication and immune evasion in host cells. in case of zika virus, the roles of protein intrinsic disorder in mechanisms of pathogenesis are not completely understood. in this study, we have analyzed ... | 2016 | 27867910 |
| vertical transmission of zika virus in aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | previous experimental studies have demonstrated that a number of mosquito-borne flavivirus pathogens are vertically transmitted in their insect vectors, providing a mechanism for these arboviruses to persist during adverse climatic conditions or in the absence of a susceptible vertebrate host. in this study, designed to test whether zika virus (zikv) could be vertically transmitted, female aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus were injected with zikv, and their f1 adult progeny were tested for zikv ... | 2016 | 27573623 |
| genome-wide analyses reveal a highly conserved dengue virus envelope peptide which is critical for virus viability and antigenic in humans. | targeting regions of proteins that show a high degree of structural conservation has been proposed as a method of developing immunotherapies and vaccines that may bypass the wide genetic variability of rna viruses. despite several attempts, a vaccine that protects evenly against the four circulating dengue virus (dv) serotypes remains elusive. to find critical conserved amino acids in dengue viruses, 120 complete genomes of each serotype were selected at random and used to calculate conservation ... | 2016 | 27805018 |
| unsuspected dengue as a cause of acute febrile illness in children and adults in western nicaragua. | dengue is an emerging infectious disease of global significance. suspected dengue, especially in children in nicaragua's heavily-urbanized capital of managua, has been well documented, but unsuspected dengue among children and adults with undifferentitated fever has not. | 2016 | 27792777 |
| from discovery to outbreak: the genetic evolution of the emerging zika virus. | | 2016 | 27780969 |