| molecular community analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots of geothermal soils in yellowstone national park (usa). | to better understand adaptation of plants and their mycorrhizae to extreme environmental conditions, we analyzed the composition of communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in roots from geothermal sites in yellowstone national park (ynp), usa. arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were identified using molecular methods including seven specific primer pairs for regions of the ribosomal dna that amplify different subgroups of amf. roots of dichanthelium lanuginosum, a grass only occurring in geo ... | 2008 | 18449467 |
| phytotoxic eremophilanes from ligularia macrophylla. | systematic bioassay-guided fractionation of the methylene chloride extract of the roots from ligularia macrophylla was performed to identify both phytotoxic and antifungal compounds. four phytotoxic eremophilanes (furanoeremophilan-14beta,6alpha-olide, 6beta-angeloyloxy-10beta-hydroxyfuranoeremophilane, eremophil-7(11)-ene-12,8alpha;14beta,6alpha-diolide, and 3alpha-angeloyloxybakkenolide a) and two antifungal fatty acids (linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid) were isolated. the x-ray crystal ... | 2007 | 18044832 |
| identification and characterization of an expansin gene asexp1 associated with heat tolerance in c3 agrostis grass species. | plant tolerance of heat stress involves various changes at physiological and molecular levels. the objective of this study was to examine the expression of a gene encoding expansin protein in relation to heat tolerance in two c(3) grass species and genotypes differing in heat tolerance. heat-tolerant, thermal agrostis scabra, adapted to high temperatures in geothermal areas in yellowstone national park, was subjected to 20 degrees c (control) or 40 degrees c (heat stress) for 7 d in a growth cha ... | 2007 | 17928368 |
| complete chloroplast genome sequences of hordeum vulgare, sorghum bicolor and agrostis stolonifera, and comparative analyses with other grass genomes. | | 2007 | 27520091 |
| long-distance gm pollen movement of creeping bentgrass using modeled wind trajectory analysis. | the importance of understanding the role of atmospheric conditions in pollen dispersal has grown in recent years with increased field-testing of genetically modified (gm) crop plants. an atmospheric model was used to characterize wind trajectories at 10 m and 100 m above gm pollen source fields located within a 4452-ha "control" area north of madras, oregon, usa, designated by the oregon department of agriculture (oda). the area was used in 2003 for the growth of gm creeping bentgrass (agrostis ... | 2007 | 17555232 |
| [cu and pb absorption and tolerance of agrostis stolonifera and festuca arundinacea]. | this paper studied the seed germination rate, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, sod activity, and cu and pb absorption of agrostis stolonifera and festuca arundinacea under cu and pb pollution. the results showed that cu and pb pollution had a significant effect on the seed germination rate of f. arundinacea. the chlorophyll content of f. arundinacea decreased dramatically under pb and cu-pb pollution, while decreased slightly under cu pollution. no significant effect of cu and pb wa ... | 2007 | 17552204 |
| engineered crops: transgenes go wild. | genetically modified agrostis stolonifera has escaped from cultivation. for the first time, a herbicide-resistant perennial weed has established itself in wild populations. | 2006 | 16890513 |
| assimilation and allocation of carbon and nitrogen of thermal and nonthermal agrostis species in response to high soil temperature. | we studied whether changes in the assimilation and allocation of carbon and nitrogen are associated with plant tolerance to high soil temperatures. two agrostis species, thermal agrostis scabra, a species adapted to high-temperature soils in geothermal areas in yellowstone national park (usa), and two cultivars of a cool-season species, agrostis stolonifera, l-93 and penncross, were exposed to soil temperatures of 37 or 20 degrees c, while shoots were exposed to 20 degrees c. net photosynthesis ... | 2006 | 16626470 |
| trace element availability and plant growth in a mine-spill-contaminated soil under assisted natural remediation ii. plants. | in this second part, we evaluated the effects of different amendments on plant growth (agrostis stolonifera l.), and trace element accumulation and removal by plants in a trace element (as, cd, cu, pb and zn) contaminated soil. description of the various treatments is given in part i of this work. the plants were grown for consecutive periods (2002, 2003, 2004), 5 months each and harvested twice in each period. results showed that plant growth was enhanced and trace element concentrations in pla ... | 2006 | 16600330 |
| using empirical data to model transgene dispersal. | one element of the current public debate about genetically modified crops is that gene flow from transgenic cultivars into surrounding weed populations will lead to more problematic weeds, particularly for traits such as herbicide resistance. evolutionary biologists can inform this debate by providing accurate estimates of gene flow potential and subsequent ecological performance of resulting hybrids. we develop a model for gene flow incorporating exponential distance and directional effects to ... | 2003 | 12831482 |
| risk assessment of pesticide runoff from turf. | the turfpq model was used to simulate the runoff of 15 pesticides commonly applied to creeping bentgrass (agrostis stolonifera l.) fairways and greens on golf courses in the northeastern usa. simulations produced 100-yr daily records of water runoff, pesticide runoff, and pesticide concentration in runoff for three locations: boston, ma, philadelphia, pa, and rochester, ny. results were summarized as annual and monthly means and annual maximum daily loads (amdls) corresponding to 10- and 20-yr r ... | 2006 | 12708667 |
| selectivity of florasulam in 4 grass species during the seed harvest year. | results from one year indicated that florasulam (primus) and its combination with fluorxypyr applied in spring of the seed harvest year, were completely selective in seed crops of 4 grass species; namely agrostis stolonifera, festuca rubra rubra, koeleria macrantha and lolium multiflorum. experimental treatments also included a reference product i.e. bentazone + dichlorprop-p and an untreated control; in total 7 treatments were involved. the prime objective of this study was to investigate not o ... | 2001 | 12425099 |
| development of novel chloroplast microsatellite markers to identify species in the agrostis complex (poaceae) and related genera. | we needed a reliable way to identify species and confirm potential interspecific and intergeneric hybrids in a landscape level study of gene flow from transgenic glyphosate-resistant agrostis stolonifera (poaceae) to compatible relatives. we developed 12 new polymorphic chloroplast microsatellite markers to aid in identifying species recipient of transgenic pollen both within the agrostis complex and the related genera polypogon. | 2010 | 21565082 |
| photosynthesis, water use, and root viability under water stress as affected by expression of sag12-ipt controlling cytokinin synthesis in agrostis stolonifera. | water stress reduces endogenous cytokinin (ck) content and may inhibit ck production. maintenance of endogenous ck levels by genetic transformation with ipt in leaves and roots undergoing senescence may promote stress tolerance. this study was designed to determine the physiological effects of ipt expression on immature and mature leaves and in roots for plants exposed to different levels of water stress for creeping bentgrass (agrostis stolonifera). plants containing the ipt gene, encoding the ... | 2011 | 20841349 |
| phytotoxic activity of flavonoids from dicranostyles ampla. | crude extracts from over 16 species of plants from the family convolvulaceae were evaluated for phytotoxic activity against agrostis stolonifera (bentgrass) and lactuca sativa (lettuce) at 1000 microg/ml. ethanol extracts of dicranostyles ampla ducke were among the most active of those species tested. systematic bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts from this species was performed to identify specifically the phytotoxic compounds. two phytotoxic flavonoids, dih ... | 2010 | 20839625 |
| differential proteomic responses to water stress induced by peg in two creeping bentgrass cultivars differing in stress tolerance. | protein metabolism and expression play important role in plant adaptation to water stress. the objectives of this study were to examine proteomic responses to water stress induced by polyethylene glycol (peg) in creeping bentgrass (agrostis stolonifera l.) leaves and to identify proteins associated with stress tolerance. plants of two cultivars ('penncross' and 'penn-a4') differing in water stress tolerance were grown in sand irrigated daily with water (control) or peg solution (osmotic potentia ... | 2010 | 20674080 |
| proteomic changes associated with expression of a gene (ipt) controlling cytokinin synthesis for improving heat tolerance in a perennial grass species. | cytokinins (cks) are known to regulate leaf senescence and affect heat tolerance, but mechanisms underlying ck regulation of heat tolerance are not well understood. a comprehensive proteomic study was conducted to identify proteins altered by the expression of the adenine isopentenyl transferase (ipt) gene controlling ck synthesis and associated with heat tolerance in transgenic plants for a c(3) perennial grass species, agrostis stolonifera. transgenic plants with two different inducible promot ... | 2010 | 20547565 |
| removal of ammoniacal nitrogen from landfill leachate by irrigation onto vegetated treatment planes. | leachate is a contaminated liquor resulting from the disposal of solid and liquid wastes at landfill sites that must be treated before discharge. vegetated leachate treatment planes have been used at landfill sites in the uk but have received little scientific attention. this paper describes studies of model leachate treatment planes with a focus on the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen (nh3-n). small-scale and field-scale experimental treatment planes were constructed. filled with clay loam soil a ... | 2002 | 11766806 |
| effect of turfgrass cover and irrigation on soil mobility and dissipation of mefenoxam and propiconazole. | irrigation effects on pesticide mobility have been studied, but few direct comparisons of pesticide mobility or persistence have been conducted on turfgrass versus bare soil. the interaction of irrigation practices and the presence of turfgrass on the mobility and dissipation of mefenoxam [n-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-n-(methoxyacetyl)-d-alanine methyl ester] and propiconazole (1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1h-1,2,4-triazole) was studied. sampling cylinders (20-cm diam. ... | 2016 | 11577867 |
| costs of plasticity in foraging characteristics of the clonal plant ranunculus reptans. | in clonal plants, evolution of plastic foraging by increased lengths of leaves and internodes under unfavourable conditions may be constrained by costs and limits of plasticity. we studied costs and limits of plasticity in foraging characteristics in 102 genotypes of the stoloniferous herb ranunculus reptans. we grew three replicates of each genotype with and three without competition by the naturally co-occuring grass agrostis stolonifera. we used regression and correlation analyses to investig ... | 2000 | 11209772 |
| phytotoxic lignans of leucophyllum frutescens. | bioassay-guided fractionation of the hexane:ethyl acetate (1:1) extract of the leaves of leucophyllum frutescens (berl.) i.m.johnst (scrophulariaceae) led to the isolation of its phytotoxic constituents diayangambin (1), epiyangambin (2), diasesartemin (3) and epiashantin (4). phytotoxicity was demonstrated as inhibition of seed germination of agrostis stolonifera cv. penncross (poaceae) and inhibition of development of lactuca sativa l. (asteraceae) seedlings in a microassay using 24-well plate ... | 1999 | 10441036 |
| a comparison of stable caesium uptake by six grass species of contrasting growth strategy. | six plant species in the family gramineae were used to investigate the relationship between cs uptake, nutrient regime and plant growth strategy sensu grime (1979: plant growth strategies and vegetation processes, john wiley). the roots of 66 day old elymus repens (l.) gould., bromus sterilis l., agrostis stolonifera l., anthoxanthum odoratum l., festuca ovina l. and nardus stricta l. plants grown in acid-washed sand at high and low nutrient levels were exposed to a 96 h pulse of stable cs at 0. ... | 1997 | 15093445 |
| phylogenetic relationships of turfgrasses as revealed by restriction fragment analysis of chloroplast dna. | chloroplast dnas (cpdnas) were analyzed in order to clarify the phylogenetic relationships among turfgrasses. physical maps of cpdnas from agrostis stolonifera and zoysia japonica, which are representative species of cool (c3 type) and warm (c4 type) season turfgrasses, respectively, were constructed with four restriction enzymes, i.e., psti, sali, saci, and xhoi. the genome structures of these cpdnas were found to be similar to each other in terms of genome size and gene orders, showing thereby ... | 1993 | 24190204 |