| effects of visitor numbers on captive european red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) and impacts on visitor experience. | visitors to zoological collections can have substantial effects on captive animals that vary according to species, enclosure design, visitor proximity, and husbandry methods. one particularly intense form of visitor interaction occurs in immersive exhibits such as walk-through enclosures. such enclosures are increasingly common but effects on animal behavior are currently understudied. here, the behavior of captive european red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) is studied in relation to visitor numbe ... | 2017 | 28221674 |
| functional differentiation of trailing and leading forelimbs during locomotion on the ground and on a horizontal branch in the european red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris, rodentia). | mammalian locomotion is characterized by the frequent use of in-phase gaits in which the footfalls of the left and right fore- or hindlimbs are unevenly spaced in time. although previous studies have identified a functional differentiation between the first limb (trailing limb) and the second limb (leading limb) to touch the ground during terrestrial locomotion, the influence of a horizontal branch on limb function has never been explored. to determine the functional differences between trailing ... | 2011 | 21658923 |
| causes of red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) mortality in england. | | 2010 | 20852252 |
| epidemiological and postmortem findings in 262 red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) in scotland, 2005 to 2009. | postmortem and virological examinations for squirrelpox virus (sqpv) were carried out on 262 red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) found dead or moribund in scotland between september 2005 and july 2009, to determine the likely causes of death and highlight factors that might be threats to the red squirrel population. most of the squirrels were submitted from dumfries and galloway, and 71 per cent of them were adults. road traffic accidents, squirrelpox, trauma or starvation were responsible for deat ... | 2010 | 20729517 |
| adenovirus in a red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) from scotland. | | 2010 | 20675636 |
| [seasonal weight variations of the adrenal glands of the squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) in the department du tarn]. | | 1962 | 14026806 |
| [topographic and volumetric study of the pituitary of the squirrel (sciurus vulgaris)]. | | 1962 | 14026805 |
| [sensitivity of sciurus vulgaris to visceral leishmaniasis]. | | 2013 | 13329771 |
| [morphologic aspects of the diencephalo-hypophysial neurosecretory apparatus of the mole (talpa europea) and squirrel (sciurus vulgaris)]. | | 1954 | 14351559 |
| molecular phylogeography of european sciurus vulgaris: refuge within refugia? | the red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) is a well-known forest animal distributed all over europe. still, we are far from having a firm knowledge of the species' phylogeography. this study investigates the genetic differentiation of s. vulgaris across the species' eurasian range, using sequence data from the mitochondrial dna gene (d-loop, 252 base pairs, cytochrome b, 359 base pairs), and eight variable autosomal microsatellite loci genotyped for 236 individuals. the results reveal the presence of ... | 2009 | 19457179 |
| first cases of squirrelpox in red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) in scotland. | squirrelpox, caused by a poxvirus, is a major threat to the remaining uk red squirrel population. the spread of antibody-positive grey squirrels has been monitored in the uk for the past decade. in 2005 grey squirrels that had been exposed to the virus appeared in the south of scotland for the first time, followed approximately two years later by the appearance of squirrelpox disease in the local red squirrels. four squirrels were examined. they all had gross external lesions and histological le ... | 2009 | 19395718 |
| fatal candidiasis in a wild red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris). | | 2009 | 19287034 |
| [effects of different forest management alternatives on sciurus vulgaris habitat]. | a spatially explicit landscape model landis was applied to simulate the forest landscape changes under four management alternatives (no cutting, clear cutting, selective cutting i and ii) in youhao forestry bureau located in small xing' an mountain from 2000 to 2200. the outcomes from landis were combined with a landscape-level habitat suitability index (hsi) model in a gis environment to assess sciurus vulgaris habitat quality. the results showed that the increase of suitable habitat area and t ... | 2008 | 18655576 |
| enteric adenovirus infection in a red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris). | | 2007 | 17369486 |
| helminth fauna of the red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris linnaeus, 1758) in belorussian polesie. | | 2002 | 12375168 |
| malignant melanoma of the eyelid in a red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris orientis). | a 6-year-old male red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris orientis) developed bilateral tumors of upper and lower eyelids. the tumors in the left lid recurred despite surgical removal. necropsy revealed metastasis to the lung. the neoplastic cells were epithelioid and highly pleomorphic, and only a few cells contained melanin granules. occasionally melanoma cells were immunoreactive for s100, neuron-specific enolase and vimentin, and a small number of cells for cytokeratin. ultrastructurally, the presenc ... | 2002 | 11999447 |
| food availability and animal space use both determine cache density of eurasian red squirrels. | scatter hoarders are not able to defend their caches. a longer hoarding distance combined with lower cache density can reduce cache losses but increase the costs of hoarding and retrieving. scatter hoarders arrange their cache density to achieve an optimal balance between hoarding costs and main cache losses. we conducted systematic cache sampling investigations to estimate the effects of food availability on cache patterns of eurasian red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris). this study was conducted o ... | 2013 | 24265833 |
| genetic structure of introduced populations: 120-year-old dna footprint of historic introduction in an insular small mammal population. | wildlife populations have been introduced to new areas by people for centuries, but this human-mediated movement can disrupt natural patterns of genetic structure by altering patterns of gene flow. insular populations are particularly prone to these influences due to limited opportunities for natural dispersal onto islands. consequently, understanding how genetic patterns develop in island populations is important, particularly given that islands are frequently havens for protected wildlife. we ... | 2013 | 23532702 |
| microsatellite loci in the eurasian red squirrel, sciurus vulgaris l. | | 2000 | 11123634 |
| where do rodents fit? evidence from the complete mitochondrial genome of sciurus vulgaris. | | 2000 | 10833205 |
| [reproduction and endocrine cycles in squirrels (sciurus vulgaris)]. | | 1966 | 6006496 |
| zumptiella coreaensis, a new species of nasal mite from the korean squirrel, sciurus vulgaris coreae sowerby, 1921. | | 1964 | 14204116 |
| [comparative studies on the adaptive behavior of the pure cone retina. citellus citellus, sciurus vulgaris]. | | 1962 | 14028319 |
| native and introduced squirrels in italy host different cryptosporidium spp. | the present study was undertaken to describe cryptosporidium spp. infection in tree squirrels from 17 locations in northern italy. a total of 357 squirrels were examined, including species native to europe (sciurus vulgaris; n=123), and species introduced from north america (sciurus carolinensis; n=162) and southeast asia (callosciurus erythraeus; n=72). faecal samples of all squirrels were examined for the presence of cryptosporidium infection by microscopy (flotation method) and pcr/sequence a ... | 2017 | 28992520 |
| complete mitochondrial genome sequence of marmota himalayana (rodentia: sciuridae) and phylogenetic analysis within rodentia. | this is the first report of a complete mitochondrial genome sequence from himalayan marmot (marmota himalayana, class marmota). we determined the m. himalayana mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence by using long-pcr methods and a primer-walking sequencing strategy with genus-specific primers. the complete mt genome of m. himalayana was 16,443 bp in length and comprised 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal rna (rrna) genes, 22 transfer rna (trna) genes, and a typical control region (cr). gene order ... | 2014 | 24782088 |
| molecular characterization of myoglobin from sciurus vulgaris meridionalis: primary structure, kinetics and spectroscopic studies. | myoglobins (mbs) are heme-proteins involved in dioxygen storage necessary for metabolic respiration. mbs are intensely investigated as archetype to investigate structure/function relationship in globular proteins. in this work, the myoglobin from sciurus vulgaris meridionalis has been for the first time isolated and purified with a high yield and homogeneity. the primary structure characterization has been performed by applying a strategy based on high resolution tandem mass spectrometry. proxim ... | 2017 | 28216225 |
| a finding of the red squirrel (rodentia, sciuridae, sciurus vulgaris linnaeus, 1758) and forest dormouse (rodentia, gliridae, dryomys nitedula linnaeus, 1778) in the pleistocene of the southern urals. | the study deals with a new sample of the mammalian fossils from the pleistocene deposits of the ignatievskaya cave in southern urals (54°53' n, 57°46' e). among the rodent fossils, the teeth of red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) and forest dormouse (dryomys nitedula) have been identified. the enamel differentiation quotient (sdq) of the water vole teeth matches the arvicola terrestris species from locations of the end of middle and late pleistocene (oxygen isotope stages, ois 6 and ois 5-2, respect ... | 2018 | 30171471 |
| small terrestrial mammals of albania: distribution and diversity (mammalia, eulipotyphla, rodentia). | in this paper new records are reported for 23 species of small terrestrial mammals (stm) of albania collected during the field work campaigns organised in the framework of the project "strengthening capacity in national nature protection - preparation for natura 2000 network" (natural) in albania during the summer and autumn of 2016 and 2017 data on small mammals were primarily collected through sherman live-trapping campaigns in six high priority protected areas of albania: korab-koritnik, bred ... | 2018 | 29670434 |
| reservoirs and transmission routes of leprosy; a systematic review. | leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by mycobacterium leprae (m. leprae) and the more recently discovered mycobacterium lepromatosis (m. lepromatosis). the two leprosy bacilli cause similar pathologic conditions. they primarily target the skin and the peripheral nervous system. currently it is considered a neglected tropical disease, being endemic in specific locations within countries of the americas, asia, and africa, while in europe it is only rarely reported. the reason for a spati ... | 2020 | 32339201 |
| genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in 16 mammal species and questing ticks from northern europe. | lyme borreliosis is the most common vector-borne zoonosis in the northern hemisphere, and the pathogens causing lyme borreliosis have distinct, incompletely described transmission cycles involving multiple host groups. the mammal community in fennoscandia differs from continental europe, and we have limited data on potential competent and incompetent hosts of the different genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl) at the northern distribution ranges where lyme borreliosis is emerging. ... | 2019 | 30911054 |
| the nasal apparatus of the red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris l.) embryo at the stage of the fully formed chondrocranium. | the nasal apparatus of the squirrel embryo at the optimum stage of the chondrocranium displays simple (though not always primitive) features and individual structures developed largely as in other rodents and even in insectivores. primitive features include the presence of a cartilago paraseptalis communis and probably the simplicity of the olfactory labyrinth, whose main support in the region as a whole is ethmoturbinale i, whose dorsal and ventral lamella divide off the basic recesses; anterio ... | 1991 | 1790345 |
| nutrient content in fungi as a primary food of the red squirrel sciurus vulgaris l. | | 1984 | 28312343 |
| isolation in cell culture of a poxvirus from the red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris). | | 1984 | 6322409 |
| nutritional osteodystrophy in a free-living red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris). | | 1977 | 836605 |
| [the locomotor activity of the squirrel (sciurus vulgaris)]. | the locomotor activity of sciurus vulgaris has been observed in the field and in caged animals.onset and cessation of activity (data from the cage only): activity starts before sunrise and correlation with sunrise is very high (0.838≤r≤0.990). cessation of activity normally lies before sunset, during summer late in the afternoon, in winter often already before noon. it is scatterd to a greater extent than onset of activity, correlation with sunset being 0.535≤r ≤0.798.daily pattern: it is a bige ... | 1975 | 28308935 |
| [responses of squirrel visual cortex neurons to patterned visual stimuli]. | the responses of visual cortical neurons to patterned visual stimuli were studied in squirrel sciurus vulgaris. the direction selective, orientation-selective and non-selective neurons were observed. most direction-selective and non-selective neurons were sensitive to high speeds of stimulus movement--hundreds deg/s. the direction-selective neurons exhibited their selectivity at such high speeds in spite of the short time of the stimulus movement through the receptive field. orientation-selectiv ... | 1975 | 1207803 |
| investigations on spontaneous arterial pathology and serum cholesterol in the squirrel (sciurus vulgaris). | | 1974 | 4460223 |
| [properties of visual elements of the cortex and superior colliculus of the squirrel sciurus vulgaris]. | | 2007 | 4756722 |
| [demonstration of enamel structure and of v. korff's dentin on a total preparation on rodent incisors (sciurus vulgaris)]. | | 1968 | 5718923 |
| [hyperinfestation of squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) by an anoplure, neohematopinus sciuri jancke, 1931]. | | 2003 | 5950217 |
| [spatial-temporal dynamics of the pine marten (martes martes l.), mountain hare (lepus timidus l.) and red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris l.) trail activity in the european southern taiga]. | observations of trail activity of the martens, mountain hares, and red squirrels in winter along fixed routes in the central forest reserve showed its high variability and synchronism in time and space. polynomial dependence of the trail activity and correlation between spatial distribution of marten, mountain hare and squirrel are detected. the influence of weather on the trail activity is smaller, but statistically significant. it is proved that the space-time dynamics of the trail activity is ... | 2018 | 30024137 |
| differential growth of mycobacterium leprae strains (snp genotypes) in armadillos. | leprosy (hansen's disease) has occurred throughout human history, and persists today at a low prevalence in most populations. caused by mycobacterium leprae, the infection primarily involves the skin, mucosa and peripheral nerves. the susceptible host range for mycobacterium leprae is quite narrow. besides humans, nine banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) and red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) are the only other natural hosts for m. leprae, but only armadillos recapitulate the disease as seen ... | 2018 | 29665434 |
| wild mammals as potential silent reservoirs of leishmania infantum in a mediterranean area. | a molecular survey of wild mammals was performed to assess their potential as reservoirs of l. infantum. a total of 156 specimens of wild mammalian fauna were obtained for analysis from areas in catalonia with a reported incidence of canine leishmaniasis. they consisted of 124 small mammals: 35 mus spretus (muridae); 64 erinaceus europaeus (erinaceidae), 25 sciurus vulgaris (sciuridae) and 32 carnivores: 11 vulpes vulpes (canidae), 1 felis catus (felidae), 15 meles meles, 4 martes foina and 1 mu ... | 2020 | 31901603 |
| adenovirus emergence in a red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) in iberian peninsula. | adenoviruses (adv) are pathogens capable of infecting animals and humans leading to a wide spectrum of diseases. they have a widespread geographical dissemination and infect several species, including red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris). in the iberian peninsula, there are no reports of infection of red squirrels by adv. in this study, we report for the first time the detection of squirrel adv in a red squirrel trapped in central portugal. the phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequences obtaine ... | 2020 | 32418319 |
| spillover of an alien parasite reduces expression of costly behaviour in native host species. | understanding the effects of invasive alien species (ias) on native host-parasite relationships is of importance for enhancing ecological theory and ias management. when ias and their parasite(s) invade a guild, the effects of interspecific resource competition and/or parasite-mediated competition can alter existing native host-parasite relationships and the dependent biological traits such as native species' behaviour. we used a natural experiment of populations of native red squirrels sciurus ... | 2020 | 32291765 |
| resource-area-dependence analysis: inferring animal resource needs from home-range and mapping data. | an animal's home-range can be expected to encompass the resources it requires for surviving or reproducing. thus, animals inhabiting a heterogeneous landscape, where resource patches vary in size, shape and distribution, will naturally have home-ranges of varied sizes, so that each home-range encompasses a minimum required amount of a resource. home-range size can be estimated from telemetry data, and often key resources, or proxies for them such as the areas of important habitat types, can be m ... | 2018 | 30356319 |
| widespread occurrence of squirrel adenovirus 1 in red and grey squirrels in scotland detected by a novel real-time pcr assay. | the eurasian red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) is distributed throughout large parts of europe and asia. however, its distribution in certain regions of europe is endangered by the invasive, non-native grey squirrel (sciurus carolinensis). adenoviruses were already described in squirrels in great britain almost two decades ago. in 2013, a squirrel adenovirus (sqadv-1) was additionally found in a red squirrel from germany, which suffered from acute diffuse catarrhal enteritis, and the complete geno ... | 2018 | 30237072 |
| stress in biological invasions: introduced invasive grey squirrels increase physiological stress in native eurasian red squirrels. | invasive alien species can cause extinction of native species through processes including predation, interspecific competition for resources or disease-mediated competition. increases in stress hormones in vertebrates may be associated with these processes and contribute to the decline in survival or reproduction of the native species. eurasian red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) have gone extinct across much of the british isles and parts of northern italy following the introduction of north ameri ... | 2018 | 29790583 |
| occurrence and genetic characteristics of cryptosporidium spp. and enterocytozoon bieneusi in pet red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) in china. | cryptosporidium spp. and enterocytozoon bieneusi are two well-known protist pathogens which can result in diarrhea in humans and animals. to examine the occurrence and genetic characteristics of cryptosporidium spp. and e. bieneusi in pet red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris), 314 fecal specimens were collected from red squirrels from four pet shops and owners in sichuan province, china. cryptosporidium spp. and e. bieneusi were examined by nested pcr targeting the partial small subunit rrna (ssu rrn ... | 2020 | 31974403 |
| interspecific competition affects the expression of personality-traits in natural populations. | competition between animal species can cause niche partitioning and shape an individual's phenotype, including its behaviour. however, little is known about effects of interspecific competition on personality, the among-individual variation in behaviour that is consistent across different spatial and temporal contexts. we investigated whether alien grey squirrels (sciurus carolinensis) influenced the expression of personality traits in native red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris). in italy, alien gre ... | 2019 | 31371774 |
| predator avoidance behavior of nocturnal and diurnal rodents. | animals trade-off predation risk against feeding opportunities and prey species may use signals or cues of predators to assess predation risk. we analyzed the mesopredators pine and stone marten (martes martes, m. foina) and nocturnal and diurnal rodents (glis glis, apodemus spp., sciurus vulgaris). the non-experimental approach used camera traps at feeders which were visited by both, predator and prey. as prey species can eavesdrop on predator signals/cues, there should show some avoidance beha ... | 2020 | 32768461 |
| native and invasive squirrels show different behavioural responses to scent of a shared native predator. | invasive species pose a serious threat to native species. in europe, invasive grey squirrels (sciurus carolinensis) have replaced native red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) in locations across britain, ireland and italy. the european pine marten (martes martes) can reverse the replacement of red squirrels by grey squirrels, but the underlying mechanism of how pine martens suppress grey squirrels is little understood. research suggests the reversal process is driven by direct predation, but why the ... | 2020 | 32257340 |
| large-scale spatial synchrony in red squirrel populations driven by a bottom-up effect. | spatial synchrony between populations emerges from endogenous and exogenous processes, such as intra- and interspecific interactions and abiotic factors. understanding factors contributing to synchronous population dynamics help to better understand what determines abundance of a species. this study focuses on spatial and temporal dynamics in the eurasian red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) using snow-track data from finland from 29 years. we disentangled the effects of bottom-up and top-down forces ... | 2020 | 31927627 |
| conservation of genetic uniqueness in remaining populations of red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris l.) in the south of england. | the eurasian red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) is an emblematic species for conservation, and its decline in the british isles exemplifies the impact that alien introductions can have on native ecosystems. indeed, red squirrels in this region have declined dramatically over the last 60 years due to the spread of squirrelpox virus following the introduction of the gray squirrel (sciurus carolinensis). currently, red squirrel populations in britain are fragmented and need to be closely monitored in ... | 2019 | 31236243 |
| british red squirrels remain the only known wild rodent host for leprosy bacilli. | eurasian red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) in the british isles are the most recently discovered animal reservoir for the leprosy bacteria mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium lepromatosis. initial data suggest that prevalence of leprosy infection is variable and often low in different squirrel populations. nothing is known about the presence of leprosy bacilli in other wild squirrel species despite two others (siberian chipmunk [tamias sibiricus], and thirteen-lined ground squirrel [ictidomys ... | 2019 | 30775369 |
| lack of evidence for the presence of leprosy bacilli in red squirrels from north-west europe. | leprosy is a human infectious disease caused by mycobacterium leprae or mycobacterium lepromatosis that can also occur in animals and even manifest as zoonosis. recently, both mycobacteria were detected in red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) from the british isles. to further explore the presence of leprosy bacilli in north-west europe, we screened belgian and dutch squirrels. tissue samples from 115 animals tested by qpcr were negative for both pathogens. no molecular or pathological evidence was ... | 2020 | 31733134 |
| the effect of landscape structure on dispersal distances of the eurasian red squirrel. | landscape structure can affect dispersal and gene flow in a species. in urban areas, buildings, roads, and small habitat patches make the landscape highly fragmented and can inhibit movement and affect dispersal behavior. similarly, in rural forested areas, large open areas, such as fields, may act as barriers to movement. we studied how landscape structure affects natal dispersal distances of eurasian red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) in an urban area and a rural area in finland, by monitoring j ... | 2019 | 30805150 |
| mortalities, amyloidosis and other diseases in free-living red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) on jersey, channel islands. | between 2007 and 2014, 337 free-living red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) on jersey, channel islands, were examined post mortem as part of a mortality and disease surveillance scheme. road traffic accidents (rtas) were attributable for 50.7 per cent (171/337) of the casualties, 34.4 per cent (116/337) succumbed to diseases including fatal exudative dermatitis (fed), 7.1 per cent (24/337) to predation, 6.5 per cent (22/337) to other trauma and 1.2 per cent (4/337) to suspected poisoning. cat predat ... | 2018 | 30181130 |
| do differing levels of boldness influence the success of translocation? a pilot study on red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris). | conservation translocations, including reintroductions, are practices that are vital to restoring biodiversity and ecosystem function within conservation schemes globally. sadly, population translocations have had a poor success rate historically. at a time where biodiversity is constantly decreasing, improving translocation success is vital for future conservation schemes. often, to improve success, the selection of individuals is based on genetic characteristics and behaviours linked directly ... | 2020 | 32993075 |
| field anaesthesia of eurasian red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris). | | 2020 | 32778454 |
| the genome sequence of the eurasian red squirrel, sciurus vulgaris linnaeus 1758. | we present a genome assembly from an individual male sciurus vulgaris (the eurasian red squirrel; vertebrata; mammalia; eutheria; rodentia; sciuridae). the genome sequence is 2.88 gigabases in span. the majority of the assembly is scaffolded into 21 chromosomal-level scaffolds, with both x and y sex chromosomes assembled. | 2020 | 32587897 |
| ecological aspects of unusual findings of animals nesting inside a mummified human corpse in natural conditions. | we report, for the first time, a case of nesting by apis mellifera mellifera (l., 1758) (insecta: hymenoptera: apidae), vespula vulgaris (l., 1758) (insecta: hymenoptera: vespidae), and sciurus vulgaris l., 1758 (mammalia: rodentia: sciuridae) inside a mummified human corpse in natural conditions (lower silesia province, south-western poland). a case history, autopsy findings, and biological observations are provided. a list of the insect species found in the corpse is provided and compared with ... | 2018 | 29960258 |
| predation risk landscape modifies flying and red squirrel nest site occupancy independently of habitat amount. | habitat choice often entails trade-offs between food availability and predation risk. understanding the distribution of individuals in space thus requires that both habitat characteristics and predation risk are considered simultaneously. here, we studied the nest box use of two arboreal squirrels who share preferred habitat with their main predators. nocturnal ural owls (strix uralensis) decreased occurrence of night-active flying squirrels (pteromys volans) and diurnal goshawks (accipiter gent ... | 2018 | 29596438 |
| prosthetic valve endocarditis with bartonella washoensis in a human european patient and its detection in red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris). | members of the genus bartonella are fastidious gram-negative facultative intracellular bacteria that are typically transmitted by arthropod vectors. several bartonella spp. have been found to cause culture-negative endocarditis in humans. here, we report the case of a 75-year-old german woman with prosthetic valve endocarditis due to bartonella washoensis the infecting agent was characterized by sequencing of six housekeeping genes (16s rrna, ftsz, glta, groel, ribc, and rpob), applying a multil ... | 2019 | 31619523 |
| the choice and handling of supplemental food by red squirrels in an urban park. | one of the main factors that allow the red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) to live in cities may be the availability of supplemental food provided by people. in this article, preferences of red squirrels in relation to supplemental food, how it is handled, and whether change seasonally, is investigated. a cafeteria test was performed, in which squirrels could choose one from six kind of nuts. three types of nuts were used: walnuts, hazelnuts and peanuts, with unshelled and shelled nuts of each offer ... | 2020 | 32479840 |
| bartonella washoensis infection in red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) and their ectoparasites in lithuania. | this is the first study to investigate the presence of bartonella infections in different internal organs of red squirrels and their ectoparasites in lithuania. a total of 39 roadkill red squirrels were collected. squirrels were infested with ixodes ricinus ticks (191) and ceratophyllus sciurorum fleas (36). the presence of bartonella spp. was screened using 16 s-23 s rrna internal transcribed spacer region and bacteria were detected in 38.5 % (15/39) samples of squirrels, 1.0 % (2/191) samples ... | 2020 | 31760364 |