| an approach based on rflp assay to investigate outbreaks of enteroviral meningitis. | enteroviruses (ev) circulate worldwide and are a major cause for annual epidemics of meningitis in humans. during the last two decades, echovirus type 30 (e-30) has revealed to be one of the most prevalent enteroviruses at the origin of epidemics of ev meningitis. | 2004 | 14675871 |
| laboratory diagnosis of enteroviral infections of the central nervous system by using a nested rt-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay. | enteroviruses are the most common pathogens identified in infants hospitalized for suspected aseptic meningitis. rapid detection of enterovirus infection is essential in taking the decision for treatment with antiviral agents and applying infection control measures in hospitalized pediatric patients. the purpose of this study was to compare the results of conventional virus isolation with those of enteroviral rna detection by reverse transcription (rt)-pcr method in identical specimens from case ... | 2003 | 14711475 |
| isolation and identification of an enterovirus 77 recovered from a refugee child from kosovo, and characterization of the complete virus genome. | the complete nucleotide sequence of an enterovirus 77 isolate is reported. the virus designated fr/cf496-99 (france/clermont-ferrand 496-1999) was recovered from the feces of a 4-year-old child hospitalized for salmonella gastroenteritis. the virus was identified by a molecular typing assay based on the genomic sequence encoding the vp1 capsid protein. the phylogenetic analysis based on the vp1 sequence demonstrated that the enterovirus isolated in the child clustered with viruses included in th ... | 2004 | 14749180 |
| analysis of the serotype and genotype correlation of vp1 and the 5' noncoding region in an epidemiological survey of the human enterovirus b species. | the sequence identity of the enterovirus vp1 gene has been shown to correlate with the serotype concept. enterovirus molecular typing methods are therefore often based on sequencing of the vp1 genomic region and monophyletic clustering of vp1 sequences of a homologous serotype. for epidemiological surveillance, 342 enterovirus samples obtained from patients with aseptic meningitis in belgium from 1999 to 2002 were first diagnosed as being enterovirus positive by amplification of the 5' noncoding ... | 2004 | 15004039 |
| [detection of nonpoliomyelitic enteroviruses in central nervous system infections in poland in 1995-2000; viral isolation data]. | the aim of this study was evaluation of enterovirus diagnosis based on isolation of the virus in cell culture from subjects with aseptic neuroinfection conducted in six provincial sanitary-epidemiological stations in 1995-2000 years. available data from six sanitary-epidemiological stations indicated that 1429 isolation of enteroviruses from fecal samples of those patients were performed. the most frequently isolated enterovirus serotype was echovirus type 30: 138/203 isolated enteroviruses, but ... | 2003 | 15029839 |
| prospective investigation of a large outbreak of meningitis due to echovirus 30 during summer 2000 in marseilles, france. | enteroviruses (evs) are responsible for an array of clinical diseases affecting different systems of the organism. many cases are asymptomatic; the most severe clinical syndromes caused by evs are due to infection of the central nervous system and present as aseptic meningitis or encephalitis. we report here a large outbreak of enteroviral meningitis that spread in marseilles, france, during the year 2000. the dominant strain of the outbreak was genetically identified as a human echovirus 30. th ... | 2004 | 15232312 |
| identification of enteroviruses by indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies. | serum neutralization (nt) is used most often to type enterovirus isolates, but it is labor-intensive, expensive, and supplies of reference antisera for nt are limited. alternative methods of enterovirus typing are needed. | 1995 | 15566790 |
| an unusual enterovirus outbreak in denmark: clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology. | in 2000, a large enterovirus (ev) outbreak was seen in denmark; the number of patients with a verified ev infection was 3-fold higher compared to previous y. echovirus 30 (e30) was the dominant ev type and was detected in 31% of all 306 ev positive patients and in 61% of the 155 patients in whom typing was successful. the outbreak started in february and peaked in june, which is unusually early in a temperate climate and not registered before in denmark. the age distribution of the patients also ... | 2004 | 15764171 |
| characterization of nonpolio enteroviruses recovered from patients with aseptic meningitis in korea. | we attempted to characterize nonpolio enteroviruses recovered from korean patients with aseptic meningitis. | 2005 | 15812181 |
| an outbreak of viral meningitis associated with a public swimming pond. | from july to october 2001, 215 cases of aseptic meningitis occurred among the inhabitants of the german city of kassel and neighbouring counties. a matched case-control study identified bathing in a public, nature-like pond during the beginning of the outbreak as a risk factor for disease [matched odds ratio (mor) 44.8, 95% confidence interval (ci) 3.9-515.6]. among bathers, patients with meningitis spent more time in the water (mor 18.8, 95% ci 2.0-174.1) and swallowed water more frequently (mo ... | 2005 | 15816154 |
| echovirus 30, jiangsu province, china. | an outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred in the northern area of jiangsu province in china from january to july in 2003. a total of 1,681 cases were involved in this outbreak, and 99% of patients were <15 years of age. to identify the etiologic agent, 66 cerebrospinal fluid specimens were tested by cell culture. eighteen showed an enteroviruslike cytopathic effect on mrc-5 human fetal diploid lung cells. an enterovirus primer-mediated reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, a standard ... | 2005 | 15829194 |
| [serotype distribution of enteroviruses isolated from paediatric cases prediagnosed as aseptic meningitis between 2001-2004 period]. | enteroviruses have major clinical and public health importance and are one of the leading causes of aseptic meningitis. there are many diseases with similar clinical symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) findings of aseptic meningitis, thus virus isolation and identification is crucial for definitive diagnosis. virological diagnosis is nonetheless important to distinguish between induced meningitis and other treatable causes of disease with a similar clinical picture. a total of 249 samples obt ... | 2005 | 15900836 |
| islet cell related antibodies and type 1 diabetes associated with echovirus 30 epidemic: a case report. | type 1 diabetes associated genes account for less than 50% of disease susceptibility. human enteroviruses have been implicated as environmental factors that might trigger and/or accelerate this autoimmune disorder. we now report of a 12-year-old girl that developed pancreatic autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes after enteroviral infection. diabetes-associated autoimmunity was evaluated by measurement of several islet cell related autoantibodies. neutralizing antibodies to different enteroviruses we ... | 2005 | 15902705 |
| analysis of cytokine levels in cerebrospinal fluid in mumps meningitis: comparison with echovirus type 30 meningitis. | it is unclear whether or not the csf cytokine profiles in viral meningitis differ with the kind of causative virus. | 2005 | 15927848 |
| [sequence analysis of echovirus type 30 isolated from an aseptic meningitis outbreak in northern jiangsu province in 2003]. | to determine the partial sequence of virus strains causing an aseptic meningitis outbreak in northern part of jiangsu province in 2003 and to compare them with the same serotype strains isolated in other countries to better understand its genetic characteristics and hereditary trend of development. | 2005 | 15941539 |
| replication of respiratory viruses, particularly influenza virus, rhinovirus, and coronavirus in huh7 hepatocarcinoma cell line. | detection of viral antigens and isolation methods has long been used for the diagnosis of respiratory virus infections. the objective was to determine the ability of huh7 cells to support the replication of prototype and wild strains of respiratory viruses. the cell culture-adapted strains of influenza viruses a and b, parainfluenza viruses 1-4, respiratory syncytial viruses a and b, both strains of the human metapneumoviruses, numerous rhinoviruses, most of the adenoviruses, coronaviruses 229e ... | 2005 | 16121382 |
| [investigation of enterovirus in cases of aseptic meningitis syndrome of belém, pa]. | with the objective of isolating and identifying enteroviral serotypes, which are the most frequent etiologic agents of aseptic meningitis syndrome, cerebrospinal fluid samples were studied from patients referred to the health unit in the city of belém (state of pará, brazil), from march 2002 to march 2003. the samples were inoculated in rd and hep-2 cells line, and the positive were identified by neutralization test or indirect immunofluorescence. out of 249 samples, 33 (13.2%) were positive 57. ... | 2005 | 16172753 |
| non-polio enterovirus isolation among families in ulaanbaatar and tov province, mongolia: prevalence, intrafamilial spread, and risk factors for infection. | studies of non-polio enterovirus prevalence and transmissibility in developing countries are limited and few studies have investigated specific risk factors for infection. an epidemiological survey of non-polio enterovirus among families in mongolia was conducted in the late summer of 2003. stools of 122 healthy persons were collected weekly for 5 weeks. eight serotypes of non-polio enteroviruses (echovirus 30, 33, 12, 25, coxsackievirus a10, a2, a4, a24) were isolated from 62 persons, with an o ... | 2005 | 16274512 |
| enterovirus meningitis in brazil, 1998-2003. | acute viral infections of the central nervous system (cns) such as acute flaccid paralysis, meningitis, and encephalitis, are responsible for a high morbidity, particularly in children. non-polio enteroviruses (npev) are known to be responsible for over 80% of viral meningitis in which the etiologic agent is identified. in the present study, we show the frequency of enterovirus meningitis in brazil from december 1998 to december 2003. enterovirus were isolated from 162 (15.8%), of a total of 1,0 ... | 2006 | 16299728 |
| clinical and diagnostic findings of an echovirus meningitis outbreak in the north west of england. | an outbreak of echovirus meningitis occurred in the north west of england in 2001. this paper reviewed the clinical features and the role of different diagnostic methods. | 2006 | 16397083 |
| transverse myelitis due to echovirus type 30. | | 2005 | 16421057 |
| an outbreak of aseptic meningitis due to echovirus 30 associated with attending school and swimming in pools. | to identify the risk factors of an outbreak of meningitis associated with echovirus 30-infection that occurred in rome, italy, in late 1997 among children from two different schools. | 2006 | 16458563 |
| enterovirus surveillance--united states, 2002-2004. | enteroviruses are common viruses associated with diverse clinical syndromes, ranging from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis). a total of 68 enterovirus serotypes are recognized, including 65 nonpolio enteroviruses. individual serotypes have different temporal patterns of circulation and can be associated with different clinical manifestations. this report describes trends ... | 2006 | 16484979 |
| [laboratory network within the polio eradication initiative (1998-2003): six years of surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis in spain]. | worldwide poliomyelitis eradication was proposed in 1988 by the world health organization (who), based on reaching and maintaining high vaccination coverage and on implementing effective poliovirus infection surveillance systems. | 2006 | 16606558 |
| molecular typing of enteroviruses associated with viral meningitis in cyprus, 2000-2002. | human enteroviruses are responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical diseases affecting many different organ systems. although infection is usually asymptomatic, infections of the central nervous system manifested as meningitis or encephalitis can pose a serious public health problem, especially during outbreaks. in this study, samples from 218 patients diagnosed with enteroviral meningitis between january 2000 and december 2002 were analysed in order to assess the epidemiology of human enterovir ... | 2006 | 16849723 |
| comparison of multiple shell vial cell lines for isolation of enteroviruses: a national perspective. | isolation of enterovirus in cell culture is still utilized by clinical laboratories, for vaccine research, and for identifying serotypes for disease surveillance. use of a combination of cell lines is recommended yet this practice has not been rigorously examined for shell vials. | 2006 | 16884950 |
| antiviral activity of substituted homoisoflavonoids on enteroviruses. | the antiviral activity of homoisoflavonoids, a class of flavonoids, was determined in vitro against a large panel of enteroviruses. the inhibition of viral replication was monitored on bgm (buffalo green monkey) cells, and the concentration required for 50% inhibition (ic50), as well as the selectivity index (si) were determined. none of the substances were effective against sabin type 1 poliovirus (pv1), but most of them showed a low cytotoxicity and a marked antiviral activity against coxsacki ... | 2006 | 16934879 |
| fdjs03 isolates causing an outbreak of aseptic meningitis in china that evolved from a distinct echovirus 30 lineage imported from countries of the commonwealth of independent states. | we compared echovirus 30 strains (fdjs03) which caused an outbreak of aseptic meningitis in china in 2003 with other human enterovirus b strains. sequencing of the complete genome of fdjs03_84, a representative strain from this outbreak, revealed a mosaic structure with a putative recombination spot within the 2b gene. it was most similar to a strain of the same serotype, e30-14125-00, in the 5' half of the genome but was almost equidistant to all strains analyzed in most of the 3' half of the g ... | 2006 | 16957029 |
| molecular and epidemiologic analysis of enterovirus b neurological infection in argentine children. | human enteroviruses are one of the major causes of central nervous system (cns) infections in pediatrics. | 2006 | 16982209 |
| detection of enteroviruses and mammalian reoviruses in korean environmental waters. | using the standard total culturable virus assay-most probable number (tcva-mpn) method, we evaluated a total of 348 samples, including surface water, finished water, and tap water samples, collected from randomly selected water treatment plants in korea from august 2001 through july 2005 according to the information collection rule. all the tcva-positive samples were also subjected to integrated cell culture-pcr (icc-pcr) methods for the detection of enteroviruses, hepatitis a virus, adenoviruse ... | 2006 | 17053314 |
| prospective identification of hev-b enteroviruses during the 2005 outbreak. | enteroviruses (evs) represent the main etiological agents of epidemics of viral meningitis and especially the serotypes related to the human enterovirus b species. genetic typing by sequencing a pcr-amplified portion of the genome has proved to be useful for identifying evs and is more rapid than standard seroneutralization tests. however, prospective genotyping has not been reported in routine practice within a clinical diagnostic laboratory. a genetic typing assay using two sets of primers was ... | 2006 | 17063526 |
| emergence of recent echovirus 30 lineages is marked by serial genetic recombination events. | in an earlier report, different variants of echovirus 30 (e-30), an enterovirus serotype, were identified during two outbreaks in 1997 and 2000. here, the diversity of e-30 was investigated over a longer period (1991-2005) and the variations in four genomic segments were determined in 52 isolates involved in meningitis cases, to characterize the evolutionary processes underlying the emergence of lineages. phylogenetic analysis of the vp1 sequences showed that five phylogenetic variants succeeded ... | 2007 | 17170449 |
| [the genetic characterization and molecular evolution of echovirus 30 during outbreaks of aseptic meningitis]. | to study the variation and evolution rules and analyze the genetic characterization of echovirus 30 during an outbreak of aseptic meningitis. | 2006 | 17299967 |
| an outbreak of aseptic meningitis in a nursery school caused by echovirus type 30 in kobe, japan. | | 2007 | 17314434 |
| genetic and phenotypic diversity of echovirus 30 strains and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. | several enterovirus serotypes should be considered as potentially diabetogenic. the capacity of an enterovirus to kill or impair the functions of human beta-cells can vary among the strains within a given serotype as shown previously for echovirus 9 and 30 (e-30). the evolution of e-30 has also shown patterns correlating with the global increase of type 1 diabetes incidence. in the present study, antigenic properties of a set of e-30 isolates were investigated and the results correlated with the ... | 2007 | 17516516 |
| epidemiologic aspects and laboratory features of enterovirus infections in western germany, 2000-2005. | from 2000 to 2005, a total of 1,096 enterovirus infections were diagnosed either by isolation of virus from cell culture or by rt-pcr (5'non-coding region (ncr)). typing of viruses (n = 674) was carried out by immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies, neutralization test or molecular methods. seasons with high enterovirus activity were characterized by high prevalence of echovirus 30 (62.2% in 2000, 25.5% in 2001) and echovirus 13 (34.5% in 2001). in contrast, in the 2003 season, which had ... | 2007 | 17516529 |
| mosaic genome structure of echovirus type 30 that circulated in taiwan in 2001. | an echovirus type 30 (e30) outbreak occurred in taiwan in 2001. in this study, one 1998 and nineteen 2001 enterovirus isolates from cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of children with meningitis were genetically analyzed. although negative results were obtained using the e30-specific monoclocal antibody in an immunofluorescent assay (ifa) test of all 20 isolates, molecular typing by partial vp1 sequences and subsequent neutralization test identified them as e30. among those, seven of them were misidentif ... | 2007 | 17610124 |
| rt-pcr for confirmation of echovirus 30 isolated in belém, brazil. | echovirus (echo) 30 or human enterovirus b is the most frequent enterovirus associated with meningitis cases. epidemics and outbreaks of this disease caused by echo 30 have occurred in several countries. in brazil, echo 30 has been isolated from sporadic cases and outbreaks that occurred mainly in the south and southeast regions. we used rt-pcr to examine echo 30 isolates from meningitis cases detected from march 2002 to december 2003 in belém, state of pará, in northern brazil. the patients wer ... | 2007 | 17873993 |
| annual report of the australian national poliovirus reference laboratory, 2006. | the australian national poliovirus reference laboratory (nprl), located within the victorian infectious diseases reference laboratory, is the national laboratory for australia, the pacific islands and brunei darussalam, and is accredited by the world health organization (who) as the regional reference laboratory for the who western pacific region. the nprl, in collaboration with the australian paediatric surveillance unit, co-ordinates surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (afp), the major cl ... | 2007 | 17974218 |
| [molecular phylogeny and genetic variability of echovirus 30 based on the analysis of the 3' end of the vp1 gene]. | echovirus 30 represent one of the most frequently isolated enterovirus serotype, incriminated in various pathologies, essentially aseptic meningitis. several works studied the molecular epidemiology of these viruses. by analysing a region of 260 nucleotides situated in the end of the vp1 gene (region regrouping the majority of the sequences of the echovirus 30), we proposed to realise a synthesis work which regroup the main epidemiological studies on the echovirus 30. we established a phylogenet ... | 2007 | 18039606 |
| analysis of echovirus 30 isolates from russia and new independent states revealing frequent recombination and reemergence of ancient lineages. | we studied two genome regions, vp1 and 3d, of 48 echovirus 30 (e30) isolates from russia and the new independent states. in vp1, most isolates were similar to european strains reported earlier, and frequent change of circulating subgroups was noticed. we also observed, in 2003-2006, the reemergence of a group of e30 strains with a vp1 region very distant from most modern e30 strains and remotely similar to e30 isolates from the 1960s and the 1970s. a study of the 3d genome region detected multip ... | 2008 | 18077646 |
| neonatal echovirus 30 infection associated with severe hepatitis in twin neonates. | | 2008 | 18162954 |
| rapid routine detection of enterovirus rna in cerebrospinal fluid by a one-step real-time rt-pcr assay. | background and objectives: this study provides a one-step transcription/real-time (taqman probe) pcr assay (tm-pcr) with new consensus primer and probe sequences for generic detection of human pathogenic enteroviruses including difficult to detect ones like for instance echovirus 30. the amplicon included parts of domain iv and v of the highly conserved internal ribosomal entry site. generic detection was confirmed by testing a panel of 41 prototypes representing all five human enterovirus/polio ... | 2008 | 18164234 |
| clinical and virological features of an aseptic meningitis outbreak in north-eastern france, 2005. | enteroviruses (evs) are considered as a major viral etiological cause of aseptic meningitis in children. | 2008 | 18358773 |
| molecular epidemiological study of hev-b enteroviruses involved in the increase in meningitis cases occurred in spain during 2006. | human enteroviruses are one of the main etiological agents of aseptic meningitis and other central nervous system infections, particularly the serotypes included in the enterovirus b species. molecular methods have proved useful to identify serotypes in clinical samples, facilitating the epidemiological study of these viruses. in the spring of 2006, there was a significant increase in meningitis cases caused by enteroviruses in spain. in the present study, 138 enteroviruses directly detected in ... | 2008 | 18428125 |
| [epidemiological and virological study of aseptic meningitis in children caused by echovirus type 30 in fukushima in 2004]. | an outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus type 30 (e-30) occurred in the southern area of fukushima prefecture from march to september in 2004. the data of 54 patients with e-30 meningitis were analyzed. the median age was 7.3 years and the age range was 4 to 14 years. the male to female ratio was 2.2:1. the major symptoms of fever, headache and nausea/vomiting were observed more than 80% of the patients. the mean cerebrospinal fluid cell count was 104/microl, and polymorphonuclear c ... | 2008 | 18546846 |
| elevated levels of mmp-9 and timp-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with echovirus type 30 and mumps meningitis. | matrix metalloproteinases are involved in leucocyte invasion into the central nervous system (cns) during meningitis. the aim of the study was to determine whether there are differences in the expression patterns of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (mmp-9) and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (timp-1) in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of patients with meningitis caused by one of two known distinct viral agents. concentrations were measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa ... | 2008 | 18565120 |
| phylogeography of circulating populations of human echovirus 30 over 50 years: nucleotide polymorphism and signature of purifying selection in the vp1 capsid protein gene. | a comprehensive set of 443 1d gene sequences (encoding the vp1 capsid protein) was analyzed to investigate the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary patterns among strains of human echovirus 30 (e30; genus enterovirus, family picornaviridae) characterized over 50 years. maximum-likelihood (ml) phylogenetic trees of complete and nonredundant 1d gene sequences (total length=876 nucleotides) showed evidence of distinct lineages related to the isolation period of virus strains. virus transport ... | 2009 | 18595781 |
| an outbreak of concurrent echovirus 30 and coxsackievirus a1 infections associated with sea swimming among a group of travelers to mexico. | enteroviruses are shed in human stool and can cause a wide spectrum of illness. they are the leading cause of aseptic meningitis. | 2008 | 18637756 |
| transmission networks and population turnover of echovirus 30. | globally, echovirus 30 (e30) is one of the most frequently identified enteroviruses and a major cause of meningitis. despite its wide distribution, little is known about its transmission networks or the dynamics of its recombination and geographical spread. to address this, we have conducted an extensive molecular epidemiology and evolutionary study of e30 isolates collected over 8 years from a geographically wide sample base (11 european countries, asia, and australia). 3dpol sequences fell int ... | 2009 | 19091869 |
| epidemiology of enterovirus types causing neurological disease in austria 1999-2007: detection of clusters of echovirus 30 and enterovirus 71 and analysis of prevalent genotypes. | between 1999 and 2007 1,388 stool specimens from patients with acute flaccid paralysis or aseptic meningitis were submitted to the austrian reference laboratory for poliomyelitis. samples (201) yielded non-poliovirus enterovirus in culture. one hundred eighty-one viruses were available for typing and 78 isolates which remained serologically untyped were further analyzed by codehop-pcr and sequencing of the vp1 gene and the 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr). typing revealed an echovirus 30 outbreak ... | 2009 | 19107980 |
| antiviral activity of highly potent sirnas against echovirus 30 and its receptor. | rna interference (rnai) has been shown to be suitable to inhibit viruses in experimental setups and is considered a promising antiviral strategy that is currently being tested in various clinical trials. the present study provides an approach to design sirnas with high potency against a virus-specific target gene. in recent years, several outbreaks of aseptic meningitis caused by an echovirus 30 (ev-30) infection have been described. based on an initial set of 30 in silico designed sirnas, six s ... | 2009 | 19187792 |
| [meningitis outbreak caused by echovirus serotype 30 in the valencian community]. | aseptic meningitis can be caused by several agents, and in many cases the etiology remains unknown. the aim of this study to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of a meningitis outbreak detected in health department 11 of the valencian community (spain). | 2009 | 19361891 |
| echovirus 30 associated with cases of aseptic meningitis in state of pará, northern brazil. | investigation of the aetiology of viral meningitis in brazil is most often restricted to cases that occur in the southern and southeastern regions; therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe the viral meningitis cases that occurred in state of pará, northern brazil, from january 2005-december 2006. the detection of enterovirus (ev) in cerebrospinal fluid was performed using cell culture techniques, rt-pcr, nested pcr and nucleotide sequencing. the ages of the 91 patients ranged from < o ... | 2009 | 19547870 |
| non-polio enteroviruses in acute flaccid paralysis children of india: vital assessment before polio eradication. | this study is an overview of non-polio enterovirus (npev) circulating in north india studied from the perspective of poliomyelitis eradication. wild polio cases declined because of intensive oral polio vaccine immunization. as we approach global eradication of poliovirus (pv), npev causing acute flaccid paralysis (afp) are equal cause of concern. | 2009 | 19712176 |
| flow cytometric detection and serotyping of enterovirus for the clinical laboratory. | culture and serotyping of human enteroviruses by fluorescence microscopy are time-consuming and labor-intensive. flow cytometry has the potential of being more rapid, sensitive, and objective but has not been used for these purposes in a clinical laboratory. primary rhesus monkey kidney (pmk) cells were inoculated with several enterovirus serotypes and stained with enterovirus-specific antibodies for flow cytometry and indirect fluorescence antibody testing (ifa). kinetic studies of coxsackievir ... | 2009 | 19733594 |
| an outbreak of aseptic meningitis due to echovirus 30 in a high school baseball club--possible role of severe exercise for a high attack rate. | in september 2008, an outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus 30 occurred in ota city, gunma. among the 26 people hospitalized, 17 were members of a high school baseball club. the attack rate within the club was as high as 40%. the other 9 patients were either their families or close relatives of the baseball club members, indicating the outbreak was confined to a limited community. although numerous outbreaks of echoviral meningitis have been reported worldwide, those with such a hig ... | 2009 | 19797835 |
| enteroviruses in spain over the decade 1998-2007: virological and epidemiological studies. | human enteroviruses (hev) are the commonest cause of viral meningitis as well as other pathologies, therefore hev characterization is important both in patient management and epidemiological investigation. | 2010 | 20007023 |
| impact of diagnostic procedures on patient management and hospitalization cost during the 2000 and 2005 enterovirus epidemics in marseilles, france. | enteroviruses are frequent aetiological agents of central nervous system infections in humans. in 2000 and 2005, two large outbreaks of echovirus 30 (a member of species human enterovirus b) were observed in the university hospitals of marseilles (france). between the two epidemics, the diagnostic protocols for enterovirus infection were modified, moving from viral cultures and classic rt-pcr in 2000 to real-time rt-pcr in 2005. we compared some viral and epidemiological characteristics of the 2 ... | 2010 | 20015267 |
| performance of enterovirus genotyping targeting the vp1 and vp2 regions on non-typeable isolates and patient specimens. | culture and serotyping of human enteroviruses are time-consuming and labor-intensive. targeted nucleic acid sequencing has emerged as a powerful alternative to conventional methods. many published genotyping assays use two-step reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), nested pcr protocols, and/or reflexive testing algorithms. the performance of a one-step rt-pcr protocol, a more clinically practical approach, was evaluated. the vp1 and/or vp2 region of archived enterovirus i ... | 2010 | 20043951 |
| detection of non-polio enteroviruses in hungary 2000-2008 and molecular epidemiology of enterovirus 71, coxsackievirus a16, and echovirus 30. | human enteroviruses are associated with various clinical syndromes from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions like aseptic meningitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis. between june 2000 and august 2008 echovirus (e) type 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 25, 30, coxsackievirus (cv) -a16, -a19, -b5, and enterovirus 71 (ev71) were reported in hungary. in this study, 29 previously enterovirus positive samples from 28 patients diagnosed with hand, foot and mouth ... | 2010 | 20044791 |
| molecular characterization of echovirus 30-associated outbreak of aseptic meningitis in korea in 2008. | evaluation of the primary etiologic agents that cause aseptic meningitis outbreaks may provide valuable information regarding the prevention and management of aseptic meningitis. in korea, an outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus type 30 (e30) occurred from may to october in 2008. in order to determine the etiologic agent, csf and/or stool specimens from 140 children hospitalized for aseptic meningitis at soonchunhyang university cheonan hospital between june and october of 2008 wer ... | 2010 | 20372040 |
| phylogenetic analysis of echovirus 30 isolated during the 2005 outbreak in france reveals existence of multiple lineages and suggests frequent recombination events. | echovirus 30 (e-30) was responsible in france for a major aseptic meningitis outbreak during 2005 summer season. however, the virological mechanisms responsible for the periodic emergence of the epidemic strains remain to be investigated. | 2010 | 20381415 |
| description of a widespread outbreak of aseptic meningitis due to echovirus 30 in rio de janeiro state, brazil. | echovirus 30 belongs to the genus enterovirus and is widely associated with aseptic meningitis (am) outbreaks. in brazil epidemics due to this serotype were reported in several states but in rio de janeiro, before this study, it was only involved in sporadic episodes. we retrospectively collected data from am notifications charts and enterovirus isolation database from rio de janeiro state health department (rjshd) and enterovirus reference laboratory in the year of 2005. an outbreak of am was d ... | 2009 | 20428638 |
| respiratory echovirus 30 and coxsackievirus b5 can induce production of rantes, mcp-1 and il-8 by human bronchial epithelial cells. | human enteroviruses (hev) (picornaviridae) are considered as one the major viral causes of childhood acute respiratory wheezing illnesses including bronchiolitis and asthma exacerbation. to identify the mechanisms that can regulate the development of airway mucosa inflammation during hev respiratory lower tract infection, we investigated the profile and the levels of mrna and protein secretion for cc and cxc human chemokines by hev-infected primary human bronchial epithelial cells (sae cells) us ... | 2010 | 20540976 |
| repeated genomic transfers from echovirus 30 to echovirus 6 lineages indicate co-divergence between co-circulating populations of the two human enterovirus serotypes. | human echovirus types 6 (e-6) and 30 (e-30) cause seasonal epidemics of aseptic meningitis. these two enteroviruses are frequently observed in co-circulation, an epidemiological pattern that is prerequisite for the occurrence of dual infections, which can lead to recombination between co-infecting virus strains. viral sequences were determined at loci 1d (vp1 capsid protein) and 3cd (non structural proteins) in 49 e-6 strains recovered in a single geographical region in france from 1999 to 2007, ... | 2011 | 20615482 |
| molecular characterization of enteroviruses detected in gyeong-ju and po-hang provinces of korea in 2003. | we identified and characterized enteroviruses by amplifying the partial vp1 gene from pediatric patients with aseptic meningitis and other enterovirus-related diseases from the gyeong-ju and po-hang provinces of korea in 2003. we identified two strains each of coxsackievirus a (ca) 6, ca9, and ca10; three enterovirus 71 (ev71) strains; and six echovirus 30 (e30) strains. the three ev71 strains were characterized as genogroup c4. these results are the first documentation reporting the occurrence ... | 2010 | 20640907 |
| rapid construction of adeno-associated virus vectors expressing multiple short hairpin rnas with high antiviral activity against echovirus 30. | rna interference has proven to be a powerful tool to inhibit viruses. for the prevention of viral escape, multiple short hairpin rnas (shrnas) will have to be employed. this article describes a rapid procedure for the generation of shrna expression cassettes by parallel cloning as well as a simple strategy for the combination of selected units. after delivery of the shrna expression cassettes with adeno-associated virus vectors, inhibition of echovirus 30 as well as silencing of an important cel ... | 2010 | 20649454 |
| [molecular characterization of coxsackievirus b3 isolated from an outbreak of aseptic meningitis in shandong province, china]. | to identify the pathogen caused an outbreak of aseptic meningitis in tancheng county of shandong province in 2008, and to analyze the molecular characterization of vp1 gene of the coxsackievirus b3(cvb3) isolates. | 2009 | 20718355 |
| ongoing outbreak of aseptic meningitis in south-eastern latvia, june - august 2010. | an outbreak of aseptic meningitis has been ongoing in several areas of latgale region, in the south-eastern part of latvia since the end of june 2010. by 9 august 2010, 114 cases had been notified. most of the cases were registered in the city and amalgamated municipality of daugavpils and neighbouring territories. according to current evidence, two types of enteroviruses, coxsackie a-9 virus and echovirus 30, are the causative agents of the outbreak. | 2010 | 20738995 |
| ongoing outbreak of aseptic meningitis associated with echovirus type 30 in the city of novi sad, autonomous province of vojvodina, serbia, june - july 2010. | since june 2010, incidence of aseptic meningitis has increased in novi sad, autonomous province of vojvodina, serbia. from 2 june to 25 july 2010, 80 cases of aseptic meningitis were notified, with an incidence rate ranging from 10 to 366 per 100,000 population in different local communities. the majority of cases (n=64) were aged between two and 15 years. echovirus 30 was cultured from two of four cerebrospinal fluid specimens. the outbreak, for which no common source has yet been identified, i ... | 2010 | 20738996 |
| molecular identification of human enteroviruses in children with neurological infections from the central region of argentina. | in the central area of argentina, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of human enterovirus infections are still unknown. rt-nested pcr of the highly conserved 5'ncr was used to detect enteroviruses in 168 samples of cerebrospinal fluid from hospitalized patients with suspected infection of the central nervous system (2007-2008), and 13 (7.7%) were positive. molecular typing was performed by sequencing of the 3'-half vp1 region. echovirus 30 was the predominant type detected, followed b ... | 2010 | 20931249 |
| the 2c putative helicase of echovirus 30 adopts a hexameric ring-shaped structure. | the 2c protein, which is an essential atpase and one of the most conserved proteins across the picornaviridae family, is an emerging antiviral target for which structural and functional characterization remain elusive. based on a distant relationship to helicases of small dna viruses, piconavirus 2c proteins have been predicted to unwind double-stranded rnas. here, a terminally extended variant of the 2c protein from echovirus 30 has been studied by means of enzymatic activity assays, transmissi ... | 2010 | 20944244 |
| a large finnish echovirus 30 outbreak was preceded by silent circulation of the same genotype. | an outbreak of echovirus 30 (e-30) in 2009 was confirmed by both frequent isolation of the virus from sewage as well as from patient samples in finland. over the last 10 years e-30 had only been isolated sporadically in finland. we here study the phylogenetic relationships of the strains from the outbreak in the context of e-30 circulation over the last 20 years. the analyzed region comprised 276 nucleotides in the 5' end of vp1 (nucleotides 132-407 in the vp1 of the e-30 bastianni strain). the ... | 2010 | 20960045 |
| picornavirus non-structural proteins as targets for new anti-virals with broad activity. | picornaviridae is one of the largest viral families and is composed of 14 genera, six of which include human pathogens. the best known picornaviruses are enteroviruses (including polio, pv, and rhinoviruses), foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), and hepatitis a virus (hav). although infections often are mild, certain strains may cause pandemic outbreaks accompanied with meningitis and/or paralysis. vaccines are available for pv, hav and fmdv. when the oral vaccines are given to immunocompromised ... | 2011 | 21236302 |
| echovirus 30 in ev71-associated hand, foot and mouth disease outbreak, guangxi, china. | | 2011 | 21306942 |
| molecular epidemiology of echovirus 30 in taiwan, 1988-2008. | to investigate the molecular epidemiology of taiwanese echovirus 30 (e-30) strains, we analyzed the 876 bp sequence of the vp1 gene from 32 taiwanese strains isolated in 1988-2008, 498 reference sequences, and one echovirus 21 strain as the out-group. phylogenetic analysis detected six e-30 genotypes (designated gi-gvi) that had circulated globally during the past five decades. the genotypes varied widely in geographic distribution and circulation half-life. the gi, gii, and gv were ancient geno ... | 2011 | 21369829 |
| a retrospective overview of enterovirus infection diagnosis and molecular epidemiology in the public hospitals of marseille, france (1985-2005). | human enteroviruses (hev) are frequent human pathogens and, associated in particular with large outbreaks of aseptic meningitis. here, we have compiled a database of clinical hev isolates from the public hospitals of marseille, from 1985 to 2005. amongst 654 isolates that could be characterized by complete sequencing of the vp1 gene, 98% belonged to species hev-b; the most frequently isolated serotypes were echovirus e30, e11, e7, e6 and e4. the high incidence of e30 and the recent emergence of ... | 2011 | 21437207 |
| endemic transmission of echovirus 30 in toyama, japan in 2010 is verified by environmental surveillance. | | 2011 | 21519136 |
| epidemiologic and clinical features of non-polio enteroviral infections in northern taiwan in 2008. | background: non-polio enteroviruses may cause different diseases, including herpangina, hand-foot-mouth disease (hfmd), meningitis, and nonspecific febrile illness; and cause epidemic outbreak annually. this study delineates the diversity of clinical presentations based on different serotypes and different groups [human enterovirus (hev)-a and hev-b] of enteroviruses (evs) during the 2008 epidemic in national taiwan university hospital (ntuh). methods: we retrospectively identified patients youn ... | 2011 | 21524954 |
| molecular typing and epidemiology of enteroviruses in cyprus, 2003-2007. | human enteroviruses (hevs) are responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical diseases. even though usually associated with non-specific febrile illness, they are the most common cause of viral meningitis, pose a serious public health problem, especially during outbreaks. rapid detection and identification of hev serotypes, in clinical specimens is important in appropriate patients management and epidemiological investigation. a 5-year study (2003-2007) of clinical specimens from patients with vira ... | 2011 | 21596905 |
| epidemics of enterovirus infection in chungnam korea, 2008 and 2009. | abstract: previously, we explored the epidemic pattern and molecular characterization of enteroviruses isolated in chungnam, korea from 2005 to 2006. the present study extended these observations to 2008 and 2009. in this study, enteroviruses showed similar seasonal prevalent pattern from summer to fall and age distribution to previous investigation. the most prevalent month was july: 42.9% in 2008 and 31.9% in 2009. the highest rate of enterovirus-positive samples occurred in children < 1-year- ... | 2011 | 21668960 |
| Genetic diversity of Echovirus 30 involved in aseptic meningitis cases in Brazil (1998-2008). | Aseptic meningitis is one of the most common neurological disorders caused by enteroviruses. Among them, Echovirus 30 (E30) is described as the main etiological agent of many outbreaks and sporadic cases. This study investigated the genomic variability of E30 isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of aseptic meningitis cases that occurred from 1998 to 2008 in Brazil. Over a 10-year period (1998-2008), 302 non-polio enteroviruses were isolated, of which 177 were identified as E30 (58.6%). Ph ... | 2011 | 22012725 |
| [Study on the etiological and molecular characteristics of aseptic meningitis epidemic in Zhejiang Province in 2002-2004]. | In order to confirm the cause of the outbreak of aseptic meningitis in Zhejiang Province in 2002-2004, trace the pathogen and analyze the molecular characteristics, 271 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and faeces specimens were collected from suspected patients. The virus strains from the specimens were isolated with RD and Hep-2 cell lines. The VP1 and VP4/VP2 genes of the isolated viruses were sequenced, and their phylogenetic and homology trees were also constructed. Of the total 271 samples, 78 Ech ... | 2011 | 21998959 |
| Analysis of enterovirus and adenovirus presence in swimming pools in Cyprus from 2007-2008. | An analysis was carried out to determine the presence of enteroviruses and adenoviruses in public swimming pools in Cyprus. The effectiveness of the commonly implemented disinfection procedure of chlorination was confirmed by determination of bacteriological markers. Analysis of viral presence was carried out by sampling random swimming pools from the five major cities in Cyprus during a period of 21 months spanning from April 2007 to December 2008. A 10 I sample was taken from each swimming poo ... | 2011 | 22049764 |
| [genetic analysis of echovirus 30 isolated from acute meningitis/encephalitis syndrome cases in linyi city of shandong province, china]. | to investigate the pathogen spectrum constitution of hev related to acute meningitis/encephalitis syndrome (ames) and to analyze the genetic characterization of the echovirus 30 (echo30) isolates. | 2011 | 22734221 |
| [virologic and epidemiological characteristics of non-polio infection in croatia over a ten-year period (2000-2009)]. | the aim of the present study was to show the virologic and epidemiological characteristics of non-polio enterovirus (npev) infection over a ten-year period in croatia. | 2011 | 22359891 |
| an approach for differentiating echovirus 30 and japanese encephalitis virus infections in acute meningitis/encephalitis: a retrospective study of 103 cases in vietnam. | in recent decades, echovirus 30 (e30) and japanese encephalitis virus (jev) have been reported to be the common causative agents of acute meningitis among patients in south east asia. an e30 outbreak in vietnam in 2001-2002 gained our interest because the initial clinical diagnosis of infected patients was due to jev infection. there are few clinical insights regarding e30 cases, and there are no reports comparing e30 and jev acute meningitis/encephalitis cases based on clinical symptoms and cas ... | 2013 | 24025733 |
| novel and predominant pathogen responsible for the enterovirus-associated encephalitis in eastern china. | enteroviruses (ev) have been increasingly identified as the causative agent for unknown etiological encephalitis in many parts of the world, but the long period surveillance for enterovirus-associated encephalitis (eae) was not reported in china. from 2002-2012 in zhejiang, coxsackieviruses a9, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5; and echoviruses 3, 4, 6, 9, 14, 25, 30 were detected from the unknown etiological encephalitis cases, with coxsackievirus b4 been identified here for the first time. from 2002-2004 and ... | 2013 | 24386442 |
| ev-a71 vaccine licensure: a first step for multivalent enterovirus vaccine to control hfmd and other severe diseases. | enteroviruses (evs) are the most common viral agents in humans. although most infections are mild or asymptomatic, there is a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that may be caused by ev infections with varying degrees of severity. among these viruses, ev-a71 and coxsackievirus (cv) cv-a16 from group a evs attract the most attention because they are responsible for hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd). other ev-a viruses such as cv-a6 and cv-a10 were also reported to cause hfmd outbreaks in ... | 2016 | 27436364 |
| is a multivalent hand, foot, and mouth disease vaccine feasible? | enterovirus a infections are the primary cause of hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd) in infants and young children. although enterovirus 71 (ev-a71) and coxsackievirus a16 (cv-a16) are the predominant causes of hfmd epidemics worldwide, ev-a71 has emerged as a major neurovirulent virus responsible for severe neurological complications and fatal outcomes. hfmd is a serious health threat and economic burden across the asia-pacific region. inactivated ev-a71 vaccines have elicited protection again ... | 2015 | 26009802 |
| ev71 vaccines: a first step towards multivalent hand, foot and mouth disease vaccines. | enterovirus a infections are the primary cause of hand, foot and mouth disease in infants and young children. enterovirus 71 (ev71) and coxsackievirus a16 have emerged as neurotropic viruses responsible for severe neurological complications and a serious public health threat across the asia-pacific region. formalin-inactivated ev71 vaccines have elicited protection against ev71 but not against coxsackievirus a16 infections. the development of a bivalent formalin-inactivated ev71/fi coxsackieviru ... | 2015 | 25536888 |
| accuracy of diagnostic methods and surveillance sensitivity for human enterovirus, south korea, 1999-2011. | the epidemiology of enteroviral infection in south korea during 1999-2011 chronicles nationwide outbreaks and changing detection and subtyping methods used over the 13-year period. of 14,657 patients whose samples were tested, 4,762 (32.5%) samples were positive for human enterovirus (human ev); as diagnostic methods improved, the rate of positive results increased. a seasonal trend of outbreaks was documented. genotypes enterovirus 71, echovirus 30, coxsackievirus b5, enterovirus 6, and coxsack ... | 2013 | 23876671 |
| large outbreak of herpangina in children caused by enterovirus in summer of 2015 in hangzhou, china. | herpangina, usually caused by coxsackie virus a, is prevalent in children spreading through the fecal-oral transmission and the respiratory droplets dissemination. also, it is mostly asymptomatic and self-limiting. in our study, we found that large outbreak of herpangina in children occurred in the summer of 2015 in hangzhou, china. from may 1th to august 31th, a total of 10 210 children were diagnosed with herpangina in children's hospital of zhejiang university school of medicine. 2 310 throat ... | 2016 | 27752104 |
| enterovirus infections in hospitals of ile de france region over 2013. | the monitoring and genotyping of enterovirus (ev) infections can help to associate particular or severe clinical manifestations with specific ev types and to identify the aetiology of infectious outbreaks. | 2016 | 26655266 |
| epidemics of viral meningitis caused by echovirus 6 and 30 in korea in 2008. | enteroviruses (evs) are the leading cause of aseptic meningitis, which is the most frequent central nervous system infection worldwide. we aimed to characterize the evs involved in an aseptic meningitis outbreak in korea in 2008. in korea, echovirus type 30 (e30) and e6 have been associated with outbreaks and frequent meningitis. | 2012 | 22336050 |
| emergence of enterovirus 71 c4a in denmark, 2009 to 2013. | enterovirus (ev) 71 has emerged as a primary cause of severe neurologic enterovirus infection in the aftermath of the global polio eradication effort. eleven subgenotypes of ev71 exist, the c4 subgenotype being associated with large outbreaks in asia with high mortality rates. this subgenotype has rarely been reported in europe. in the period between 1 january 2009 and 31 december 2013 a total of 1,447 ev positive samples from 1,143 individuals were sent to the statens serum institute (ssi), and ... | 2014 | 25306878 |
| detection and genotyping of enteroviruses in cerebrospinal fluid in patients in victoria, australia, 2007-2013. | genotyping by vp1 fragment polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and nucleic acid sequencing to detect enterovirus (ev) genotypes was performed directly on 729 ev pcr positive cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples collected between 2007 and 2012 from victorian hospital inpatients. the overall genotype identification rate from csf-positive material was 43%. the four most common genotypes identified were echovirus 6 (24%), echovirus 30 (17%), echovirus 25 (10%), and coxsackievirus a9 (10%), together compris ... | 2014 | 24474149 |
| [absence of poliovirus circulation in colombian departments with vaccination coverage below 80%]. | this study aims to explore a possible silent circulation of wild and vaccine-derived polioviruses in departments of colombia with polio vaccination coverage of below 80%. the study collected 52 samples of wastewater concentrated as a result of precipitation with polyethylene glycol and sodium chloride. the viral detection was carried out through isolation and the identification through neutralization of the cytopathic effect, as well as through a conventional polymerase chain reaction following ... | 2012 | 23099878 |
| molecular epidemiological study of enteroviruses associated with encephalitis in children from hangzhou, china. | enterovirus (ev) has over 100 serotypes of species a-d, which can cause various symptoms in infants. enterovirus encephalitis (eve) is serve disease with high morbidity and mortality in children. to well define the epidemiology of eve, we wanted to know more about ev and ev molecular typing by conducting this study in hangzhou.cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from children with diagnosis of encephalitis. meanwhile, one-step real-time rt-pcr was used for the detection of ev, and we also ... | 2016 | 27893696 |