| genetic association of physically unlinked islands of genomic divergence in incipient species of anopheles gambiae. | previous efforts to uncover the genetic underpinnings of ongoing ecological speciation of the m and s forms of the african malaria vector anopheles gambiae revealed two centromere-proximal islands of genetic divergence on x and chromosome 2. under the assumption of considerable ongoing gene flow between m and s, these persistently divergent genomic islands were widely considered to be 'speciation islands'. in the course of microarray-based divergence mapping, we discovered a third centromere-ass ... | 2010 | 20149091 |
| biting activity of mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) in the turkey-armenia border area, ararat valley, turkey. | during nine consecutive nights in july 2007 (from 18:15-05:45 h), mosquitoes landing-biting on humans were collected outdoors and indoors at the turkey-armenia border. a total of 1005 females were collected consisting of nine species. the dominant species was aedes dorsalis (meigen) (47.5% of total catch), followed by anopheles hyrcanus (pallas) (22.9%), culex theileri (theobald) (9.3%),ae. vexans (meigen) (6.6%), ae. caspius (pallas) (4.9%),anopheles maculipennis s.l. (meigen) (3.1%), culex ter ... | 2010 | 20180304 |
| the transmission of plasmodium malariae by anopheles maculipennis freeborni. | | 1947 | 20284808 |
| isolation and phylogenetic analysis of sindbis viruses from mosquitoes in germany. | a molecular survey of 16,057 mosquitoes captured in southwest germany during the summer of 2009 demonstrated the presence of sindbis virus (sinv) in culex spp. and anopheles maculipennis sensu lato. phylogenetic analysis of the german sinv strains linked them with swedish sinv strains, the causative agent of ockelbo disease in humans. | 2010 | 20335414 |
| [identification of anopheles maculipennis group species using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in the regions of birecik, beyşehir and cankiri.]. | malaria is the most important vector borne disease in the world and is endemic in the southeastern anatolia region of turkey. most important vector species for this disease are found within the anopheles maculipennis group that is distributed in the palaearctic region. the aim of this study was to identify the species of this group distributed within the regions of birecik, beyşehir and cankiri using molecular methods. the results of the molecular analysis indicated that only populations of an. ... | 2010 | 20340089 |
| arboviral survey of mosquitoes in two northern italian regions in 2007 and 2008. | recently, italy-particularly the emilia-romagna region-was the location of consecutive outbreaks of human diseases caused by the arboviruses chikungunya virus and west nile virus. the two outbreaks, spread by different species of mosquitoes, were not related, but pointed out the lack of an arboviral surveillance program in this region. beginning in 2007 entomological surveillance was initiated in the emilia-romagna region, and in 2008 the program was improved and extended at lombardia region. us ... | 2010 | 20370434 |
| are aedes albopictus or other mosquito species from northern italy competent to sustain new arboviral outbreaks? | the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae), native to southeast asia, has extended its geographical distribution to invade new temperate and tropical regions. this species was introduced in 1990 to italy and has since become the main pest in urban settings. it was incriminated as a principal vector in the first european outbreak of chikungunya virus (chikv) in the province of ravenna (italy) in 2007. this outbreak was associated with chikv e1-226v, efficiently transmi ... | 2010 | 20377735 |
| first report on entomological field activities for the surveillance of west nile disease in italy. | west nile virus (wnv) is neuropathogenic for birds, horses and humans and is maintained in natural cycles between birds and mosquitoes, particularly the culex genus; horses and humans are considered to be incidental hosts. a surveillance plan was implemented in italy in 1998, following a limited outbreak of wnv equine encephalomyelitis and a wnv outbreak in france very close to the italian border. this plan to assess the risks of the virus being introduced again included entomological surveillan ... | 2008 | 20405446 |
| epidemiology of west nile in europe and in the mediterranean basin. | in the last 30 years several cases of west nile (wn) virus infection were reported in horses and humans in europe and in the mediterranean basin. most of them were determined by strains of the lineage 1 included in the european mediterranean/kenyan cluster. strains of this cluster are characterised by a moderate pathogenicity for horses and humans and limited or no pathogenicity for birds. in recent years, however, wn cases determined by strains grouped in the israeli/american cluster of lineage ... | 2010 | 20517490 |
| [quantitative distribution of malaria (anopheles maculipennis meigen, 1818 species complex) mosquito larvae in different microhabitat types]. | anopheles mosquito larvae very much demand the environmental conditions of the water reserves that are their habitat. aquatic plant communities play an environment-forming role, by acting as a microhabitat and leveling or enhancing the influence of external factors; there is a clear topical arrangement of malaria mosquito preimaginal hemipopulations to the aquatic plant communities. the largest number of malaria mosquito larvae is found in the phytocenoses, the mandatory components of which are ... | 2010 | 20614527 |
| genome mapping and characterization of the anopheles gambiae heterochromatin. | heterochromatin plays an important role in chromosome function and gene regulation. despite the availability of polytene chromosomes and genome sequence, the heterochromatin of the major malaria vector anopheles gambiae has not been mapped and characterized. | 2010 | 20684766 |
| malaria risk in corsica, former hot spot of malaria in france. | background: the prevalence of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax malaria was very high in corsica just before the second world war. the last outbreak was in 1972 and the most recent indigenous case was in 2006. results: analysis of historical data shows that anopheline vectors were abundant. recent surveys demonstrated that potential vectors are still present in corsica, despite the likely disappearance of anopheles sacharovi. moreover, p. falciparum can develop experimentally into these ... | 2010 | 20704707 |
| evidence of simultaneous circulation of west nile and usutu viruses in mosquitoes sampled in emilia-romagna region (italy) in 2009. | in recent years human diseases due to mosquito-borne viruses were increasingly reported in emilia-romagna region (italy), from the chikungunya virus in 2007 to the west nile virus (wnv) in 2008. an extensive entomological survey was performed in 2009 to establish the presence and distribution of mosquito arboviruses in this region, with particular reference to flaviviruses. | 2010 | 21179462 |
| genetic and phenotypic variation of the malaria vector anopheles atroparvus in southern europe. | there is a growing concern that global climate change will affect the potential for pathogen transmission by insect species that are vectors of human diseases. one of these species is the former european malaria vector, anopheles atroparvus. levels of population differentiation of an. atroparvus from southern europe were characterized as a first attempt to elucidate patterns of population structure of this former malaria vector. results are discussed in light of a hypothetical situation of re-es ... | 2011 | 21223582 |
| isolation and phylogenetic analysis of batai virus, germany. | a molecular survey including 16,057 mosquitoes captured in southwest germany during the summer of 2009 showed the presence of batai virus (batv) in anopheles maculipennis sensu lato. until this survey, there was no evidence for circulation of batv in germany. analysis of partial s, m, and l segments showed that the sequences from all three segments were most closely related to batv, indicating that the virus has not undergone reassortment. phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship of t ... | 2011 | 21292892 |
| modelling the global constraints of temperature on transmission of plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax. | abstract: background: temperature is a key determinant of environmental suitability for transmission of human malaria, modulating endemicity in some regions and preventing transmission in others. the spatial modelling of malaria endemicity has become increasingly sophisticated and is now central to the global scale planning, implementation, and monitoring of disease control and regional efforts towards elimination, but existing efforts to model the constraints of temperature on the malaria lands ... | 2011 | 21615906 |
| reproductive organ of blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae): ultrastructural of testis. | this work presents the ultrastructure of testis of the medically important blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae) using light microscopy and electron microscopy. reproductive organ of males was dissected to determine the testis in the pupal stage, 3-day-old flies and 7-day-old flies and observed under scanning electron microscopy (sem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). sem displayed a smooth surface which is occasionally penetrated by tracheoles. tem of th ... | 2011 | 21845212 |
| clinical aspects of dermatitis associated with dirofilaria repens in pets: a review of 100 canine and 31 feline cases (1990-2010) and a report of a new clinic case imported from italy to dubai. | cutaneous dirofilariasis is a parasitic disease caused by the mosquito-borne filarial nematodes dirofilaria (nochtiella) repens, living in the subcutaneous tissue of dogs, cats, wild carnivores, and humans. cases have been recently reported also from germany, czech republic, hungary, ukraine, russia, austria, switzerland, france, the netherlands, and the middle east. d. repens is not widely known to cause chronic pruritic dermatitis in animals. dermatological signs observed in 100 canine clinic ... | 2011 | 22203888 |
| Spatio-temporal patterns of distribution of West Nile virus vectors in eastern Piedmont Region, Italy. | ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: West Nile Virus (WNV) transmission in Italy was first reported in 1998 as an equine outbreak near the swamps of Padule di Fucecchio, Tuscany. No other cases were identified during the following decade until 2008, when horse and human outbreaks were reported in Emilia Romagna, North Italy. Since then, WNV outbreaks have occurred annually, spreading from their initial northern foci throughout the country. Following the outbreak in 1998 the Italian public health authority def ... | 2011 | 22152822 |
| Identification of the Midgut Microbiota of An. stephensi and An. maculipennis for Their Application as a Paratransgenic Tool against Malaria. | The midgut microbiota associated with Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles maculipennis (Diptera: Culicidae) was investigated for development of a paratransgenesis-based approach to control malaria transmission in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). Here, we present the results of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and biochemical-based approaches to identify the female adult and larvae mosquitoe microbiota of these two major malaria vectors, originated from South Eastern and North of Iran. Plating ... | 2011 | 22163022 |
| molecular detection of acinetobacter species in lice and keds of domestic animals in oromia regional state, ethiopia. | this study was conducted to determine the presence of acinetobacter and rickettsia species dna in lice and melophagus ovinus (sheep ked) of animals from oromia regional state in ethiopia. from september through november 2011, a total of 207 cattle, 85 sheep, 47 dogs and 16 cats were examined for ectoparasites. results of morphological identification revealed several species of ectoparasites: linognathus vituli (l. vituli), bovicola bovis (b. bovis) and solenopotes capillatus (s. capillatus) on c ... | 2012 | 23285015 |
| [karyological study of natural populations of malarial mosquitoes in middle ob river. ii. chromosome polymorphism of anopheles maculipennis messeae]. | | 2015 | 4636106 |
| [ddt sensitivity level of the mosquitoes in an anopheles maculipennis meig. complex in the moldavian ssr]. | | 1991 | 160008 |
| potential changes in disease patterns and pharmaceutical use in response to climate change. | as climate change alters environmental conditions, the incidence and global patterns of human diseases are changing. these modifications to disease profiles and the effects upon human pharmaceutical usage are discussed. climate-related environmental changes are associated with a rise in the incidence of chronic diseases already prevalent in the northern hemisphere, for example, cardiovascular disease and mental illness, leading to greater use of associated heavily used western medications. suffe ... | 2013 | 23909463 |
| host-feeding patterns of mosquito species in germany. | mosquito-borne pathogens are of growing importance in many countries of europe including germany. at the same time, the transmission cycles of most mosquito-borne pathogens (e.g. viruses or filarial parasites) are not completely understood. there is especially a lack of knowledge about the vector capacity of the different mosquito species, which is strongly influenced by their host-feeding patterns. while this kind of information is important to identify the relevant vector species, e.g. to dire ... | 2016 | 27259984 |
| functional integration of the circulatory, immune, and respiratory systems in mosquito larvae: pathogen killing in the hemocyte-rich tracheal tufts. | as both larvae and adults, mosquitoes encounter a barrage of immune insults, ranging from microbe-rich communities in larval habitats to ingested blood-borne pathogens in adult blood meals. given that mosquito adults have evolved an efficient means of eliminating infections in their hemocoel (body cavity) via the coordinated action of their immune and circulatory systems, the goal of the present study was to determine whether such functional integration is also present in larvae. | 2016 | 27643786 |
| nationwide inventory of mosquito biodiversity (diptera: culicidae) in belgium, europe. | to advance our restricted knowledge on mosquito biodiversity and distribution in belgium, a national inventory started in 2007 (modirisk) based on a random selection of 936 collection points in three main environmental types: urban, rural and natural areas. additionally, 64 sites were selected because of the risk of importing a vector or pathogen in these sites. each site was sampled once between may and october 2007 and once in 2008 using mosquito magnet liberty plus traps. diversity in pre-def ... | 2012 | 22971463 |
| francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica occurs in swedish mosquitoes, persists through the developmental stages of laboratory-infected mosquitoes and is transmissible during blood feeding. | in sweden, mosquitoes are considered the major vectors of the bacterium francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, which causes tularaemia. the aim of this study was to investigate whether mosquitoes acquire the bacterium as aquatic larvae and transmit the disease as adults. mosquitoes sampled in a swedish area where tularaemia is endemic (örebro) were positive for the presence of f. tularensis deoxyribonucleic acid throughout the summer. presence of the clinically relevant f. tularensis subsp. h ... | 2013 | 24057273 |
| midgut microbial community of culex quinquefasciatus mosquito populations from india. | the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus is a ubiquitous species that serves as a major vector for west nile virus and lymphatic filariasis. ingestion of bloodmeal by females triggers a series of physiological processes in the midgut and also exposes them to infection by these pathogens. the bacteria normally harbored in the midgut are known to influence physiology and can also alter the response to various pathogens. the midgut bacteria in female cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes collected over a larg ... | 2013 | 24312223 |
| metagenomics, paratransgenesis and the anopheles microbiome: a portrait of the geographical distribution of the anopheline microbiota based on a meta-analysis of reported taxa. | anophelines harbour a diverse microbial consortium that may represent an extended gene pool for the host. the proposed effects of the insect microbiota span physiological, metabolic and immune processes. here we synthesise how current metagenomic tools combined with classical culture-dependent techniques provide new insights in the elucidation of the role of the anopheles-associated microbiota. many proposed malaria control strategies have been based upon the immunomodulating effects that the ba ... | 2014 | 25185007 |
| culex pipiens development is greatly influenced by native bacteria and exogenous yeast. | culex pipiens is the most cosmopolitan mosquito of the pipiens assemblage. by studying the nature of interactions between this species and microorganisms common to its breeding environment we can unravel important pitfalls encountered during development. we tested the survival rate of larval stages, pupae and adults of a cx. pipiens colony exposed to a variety of microorganisms in laboratory conditions and assessed the transmission to offspring (f1) by those organisms that secured development up ... | 2016 | 27055276 |
| current status of invasive mosquito surveillance in the uk. | non-native invasive mosquitoes have for many years made incursions into europe, and are now established in many european countries. the continued european importation of potential vectors and their expansion within europe increases their potential for importation and establishment in the uk. coupled with increasing numbers of returning dengue and chikungunya infected travellers, the potential exists for transmission of vector borne disease in new regions. | 2015 | 26122427 |
| assessment of productivity of culex spp. larvae (diptera: culicidae) in urban storm water catch basin system in wrocław (sw poland). | in urban environments, catch basins serve as major developmental and resting sites for anthropophilic and zoophilic mosquitoes. however, the use of this habitat is inconsistent, with abundance of larvae varying significantly across catch basins at a fine spatial scale. during seasonal summer investigations on mosquito species composition, their spatial and temporal distribution and the environmental characteristic of the breeding sites in the underground storm drain systems of the wrocław urban ... | 2016 | 26809340 |
| chikungunya virus-vector interactions. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes chikungunya fever, a severe, debilitating disease that often produces chronic arthralgia. since 2004, chikv has emerged in africa, indian ocean islands, asia, europe, and the americas, causing millions of human infections. central to understanding chikv emergence is knowledge of the natural ecology of transmission and vector infection dynamics. this review presents current understanding of chikv infection dynamics in mosquito v ... | 2014 | 25421891 |
| larval habitat characteristics of the genus anopheles (diptera: culicidae) and a checklist of mosquitoes in guilan province, northern iran. | ecological data are important in the vector control management of mosquitoes. there is scattered published information about the larval habitat characteristics and ecology of the genus anopheles (diptera: culicidae) in iran and most of available data is in relation to malaria vectors in southern iran. | 2011 | 22808409 |
| pilot longitudinal mosquito surveillance study in the danube delta biosphere reserve and the first reports of anopheles algeriensis theobald, 1903 and aedes hungaricus mihályi, 1955 for romania. | mosquito-borne viruses (moboviruses) are of growing importance in many countries of europe. in romania and especially in the danube delta biosphere reserve (ddbr), mosquito and mobovirus surveillance are not performed on a regular basis. however, this type of study is crucially needed to evaluate the risk of pathogen transmission, to understand the ecology of emerging moboviruses, or to plan vector control programmes. | 2016 | 27066827 |
| direct pcr of indigenous and invasive mosquito species: a time- and cost-effective technique of mosquito barcoding. | millions of people die each year as a result of pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes. however, the morphological identification of mosquito species can be difficult even for experts. the identification of morphologically indistinguishable species, such as members of the anopheles maculipennis complex (diptera: culicidae), and possible hybrids, such as culex pipiens pipiens/culex pipiens molestus (diptera: culicidae), presents a major problem. in addition, the detection and discrimination of newly ... | 2015 | 26663040 |
| understanding west nile virus ecology in europe: culex pipiens host feeding preference in a hotspot of virus emergence. | understanding wildlife disease ecology is becoming an urgent need due to the continuous emergence and spread of several wildlife zoonotic diseases. west nile virus (wnv) is the most widespread arthropod-borne virus in the world, and in recent decades there has been an increase both in geographic range, and in the frequency of symptomatic infections in humans and wildlife. the principal vector for wnv in europe is the common house culex pipiens mosquito, which feeds on a wide variety of vertebrat ... | 2015 | 25888754 |
| mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) and their relevance as disease vectors in the city of vienna, austria. | mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) are important vectors for a wide range of pathogenic organisms. as large parts of the human population in developed countries live in cities, the occurrence of vector-borne diseases in urban areas is of particular interest for epidemiologists and public health authorities. in this study, we investigated the mosquito occurrence in the city of vienna, austria, in order to estimate the risk of transmission of mosquito-borne diseases. mosquitoes were captured using di ... | 2014 | 25468380 |
| novel virus discovery and genome reconstruction from field rna samples reveals highly divergent viruses in dipteran hosts. | we investigated whether small rna (srna) sequenced from field-collected mosquitoes and chironomids (diptera) can be used as a proxy signature of viral prevalence within a range of species and viral groups, using srnas sequenced from wild-caught specimens, to inform total rna deep sequencing of samples of particular interest. using this strategy, we sequenced from adult anopheles maculipennis s.l. mosquitoes the apparently nearly complete genome of one previously undescribed virus related to chro ... | 2013 | 24260463 |
| european surveillance for west nile virus in mosquito populations. | a wide range of arthropod-borne viruses threaten both human and animal health either through their presence in europe or through risk of introduction. prominent among these is west nile virus (wnv), primarily an avian virus, which has caused multiple outbreaks associated with human and equine mortality. endemic outbreaks of west nile fever have been reported in italy, greece, france, romania, hungary, russia and spain, with further spread expected. most outbreaks in western europe have been due ... | 2013 | 24157510 |
| lack of evidence for the presence of mosquito-borne arboviruses in the upper rhine valley, germany, in 1999 to 2000. | | 2010 | 20592140 |
| usutu virus: an emerging flavivirus in europe. | usutu virus (usuv) is an african mosquito-borne flavivirus belonging to the japanese encephalitis virus serocomplex. usuv is closely related to murray valley encephalitis virus, japanese encephalitis virus, and west nile virus. usuv was discovered in south africa in 1959. in europe, the first true demonstration of circulation of usuv was reported in austria in 2001 with a significant die-off of eurasian blackbirds. in the subsequent years, usuv expanded to neighboring countries, including italy, ... | 2015 | 25606971 |
| west nile virus state of the art report of malwest project. | during the last three years greece is experiencing the emergence of west nile virus (wnv) epidemics. within this framework, an integrated surveillance and control programme (malwest project) with thirteen associate partners was launched aiming to investigate the disease and suggest appropriate interventions. one out of seven work packages of the project is dedicated to the state of the art report for wnv. three expert working groups on humans, animals and mosquitoes were established. medical dat ... | 2013 | 24317379 |
| epidemiology of west nile disease in europe and in the mediterranean basin from 2009 to 2013. | west nile virus (wnv) transmission has been confirmed in the last four years in europe and in the mediterranean basin. an increasing concern towards west nile disease (wnd) has been observed due to the high number of human and animal cases reported in these areas confirming the importance of this zoonosis. a new epidemiological scenario is currently emerging: although new introductions of the virus from abroad are always possible, confirming the epidemiological role played by migratory birds, th ... | 2014 | 25302311 |
| monitoring of west nile virus in mosquitoes between 2011-2012 in hungary. | west nile virus (wnv) is a widely distributed mosquito-borne flavivirus. wnv strains are classified into several genetic lineages on the basis of phylogenetic differences. whereas lineage 1 viruses are distributed worldwide, lineage 2 wnv was first detected outside of africa in hungary in 2004. since then, wnv-associated disease and mortality in animal and human hosts have been documented periodically in hungary. after the first detection of wnv from a pool of culex pipiens mosquitoes in 2010, s ... | 0 | 25229703 |
| serological, molecular and entomological surveillance demonstrates widespread circulation of west nile virus in turkey. | west nile virus (wnv), a mosquito-borne flavivirus with significant impact on human and animal health, has recently demonstrated an expanded zone of activity globally. the aim of this study is to investigate the frequency and distribution of wnv infections in potential vectors and several mammal and avian species in turkey, where previous data indicate viral circulation. the study was conducted in 15 provinces across turkey during 2011-2013. in addition, the entomological study was extended to 4 ... | 2014 | 25058465 |
| comparative studies on the stenogamous and eurygamous behavior of eight anopheles species of the hyrcanus group (diptera: culicidae) in thailand. | establishment of laboratory colony is essential for mosquito-borne-disease research. mating behavior of stenogamous anopheles peditaeniatus and seven eurygamous species (anopheles argyropus, anopheles crawfordi, anopheles nigerrimus, anopheles nitidus, anopheles paraliae (=an. lesteri), anopheles pursati and anopheles sinensis), were investigated and compared in this study. the self-mating success of adult mosquitoes in different size cages at two density resting surface (drs) values, 3.6 and 7. ... | 2016 | 27023618 |
| mosquito (diptera: culicidae) fauna of qom province, iran. | there is very little information about the mosquito fauna of qom province, central iran. by now only three species; anopheles claviger, an. multicolor, and an. superpictus have been reported in the province. to study mosquito fauna and providing a primary checklist, an investigation was carried out on a collection of mosquitoes in this province. | 2012 | 23293779 |
| mosquito, bird and human surveillance of west nile and usutu viruses in emilia-romagna region (italy) in 2010. | in 2008, after the first west nile virus (wnv) detection in the emilia-romagna region, a surveillance system, including mosquito- and bird-based surveillance, was established to evaluate the virus presence. surveillance was improved in following years by extending the monitoring to larger areas and increasing the numbers of mosquitoes and birds tested. | 2012 | 22666446 |
| emergence of west nile virus lineage 2 in europe: a review on the introduction and spread of a mosquito-borne disease. | west nile virus (wnv) is transmitted by mosquitoes and causes fever and encephalitis in humans, equines, and occasionally wild birds. the virus was first isolated in sub-saharan africa where it is endemic. wnv lineage 1 has been responsible for repeated disease outbreaks in the countries of the mediterranean basin over the past 50 years. this lineage was also introduced into north america in 1999 causing widespread human, equine, and avian mortality. wnv lineage 2, the first wnv lineage to be is ... | 2014 | 25538937 |
| usutu virus persistence and west nile virus inactivity in the emilia-romagna region (italy) in 2011. | the circulation of west nile virus and usutu virus was detected in the emilia-romagna region in 2008 and 2009. to evaluate the extent of circulation of both viruses, environmental surveillance, based on bird and mosquito testing, was conducted in 2008 and gradually improved over the years. | 2013 | 23667694 |
| west nile virus. | | 2013 | 24179475 |
| a video clip of the biting midge culicoides anophelis ingesting blood from an engorged anopheles mosquito in hainan, china. | biting midges are hematophagus ectoparasites of insects, humans and other animals. culicoides (trithicoides) anophelis edwards1922 is a predator of engorged mosquitoes. | 2013 | 24499575 |
| distribution and habitat characterization of the recently introduced invasive mosquito aedes koreicus [hulecoeteomyia koreica], a new potential vector and pest in north-eastern italy. | the container breeding species belonging to the genus aedes (meigen) are frequently recorded out of their place of origin. invasive aedes species are proven or potential vectors of important arboviruses and their establishment in new areas pose a threat for human and animal health. a new species of exotic mosquito was recorded in 2011 in north-eastern italy: aedes (finlaya) koreicus [hulecoeteomyia koreica]. the aim of this study was to characterize the biology, the environment and the current d ... | 2013 | 24457085 |
| discovery of flavivirus-derived endogenous viral elements in anopheles mosquito genomes supports the existence of anopheles-associated insect-specific flaviviruses. | the flavivirus genus encompasses several arboviruses of public health significance such as dengue, yellow fever, and zika viruses. it also includes insect-specific flaviviruses (isfs) that are only capable of infecting insect hosts. the vast majority of mosquito-infecting flaviviruses have been associated with mosquito species of the aedes and culex genera in the culicinae subfamily, which also includes most arbovirus vectors. mosquitoes of the anophelinae subfamily are not considered significan ... | 2017 | 28078104 |
| evaluating the feeding preferences of west nile virus mosquito vectors using bird-baited traps. | the total contact rates (tcrs) between mosquito vectors and their potential hosts have a serious impact on disease transmission dynamics. culex pipiens (sensu stricto) (s.s.) is considered the main vector of the west nile virus (wnv) in europe and birds are the reservoir hosts. the results of our previous study showed that wnv seroreactors are significantly more prevalent among raptors compared to a range of other wild avian groups. the current study aims to assess the role of bird type (raptor ... | 2016 | 27580694 |
| identifying biotic interactions which drive the spatial distribution of a mosquito community. | spatial variation in the risk of many mosquito-borne pathogens is strongly influenced by the distribution of communities of suitable vector mosquitoes. the spatial distributions of such communities have been linked to the abiotic habitat requirements of each constituent mosquito species, but the biotic interactions between mosquitoes and other species are less well understood. determining which fauna restrict the presence and abundance of key mosquito species in vector communities may identify s ... | 2015 | 26170202 |
| autochthonous chikungunya transmission and extreme climate events in southern france. | extreme precipitation events are increasing as a result of ongoing global warming, but controversy surrounds the relationship between flooding and mosquito-borne diseases. a common view among the scientific community and public health officers is that heavy rainfalls have a flushing effect on breeding sites, which negatively affects vector populations, thereby diminishing disease transmission. during 2014 in montpellier, france, there were at least 11 autochthonous cases of chikungunya caused by ... | 2015 | 26079620 |
| west nile virus surveillance in 2013 via mosquito screening in northern italy and the influence of weather on virus circulation. | west nile virus (wnv) is a recently re-emerged health problem in europe. in italy, an increasing number of outbreaks of west nile disease, with occurrences of human cases, have been reported since 2008. this is particularly true in northern italy, where entomological surveillance systems have been implemented at a regional level. the aim of this study was to use, for the first time, all the entomological data collected in the five regions undergoing surveillance for wnv in northern italy to char ... | 2015 | 26488475 |
| first report outside eastern europe of west nile virus lineage 2 related to the volgograd 2007 strain, northeastern italy, 2014. | west nile virus (wnv) is a flavivirus transmitted to vertebrate hosts by mosquitoes, maintained in nature through an enzootic bird-mosquito cycle. in europe the virus became of major public health and veterinary concern in the 1990s. in italy, wnv re-emerged in 2008, ten years after the previous outbreak and is currently endemic in many areas of the country. in particular, the northeastern part of italy experience continuous viral circulation, with human outbreaks caused by different genovariant ... | 2015 | 26265490 |
| genotyping plasmodium vivax isolates from the 2011 outbreak in greece. | plasmodium vivax malaria was common in greece until the 1950s with epidemics involving thousands of cases every year. greece was declared free of malaria by the world health organization in 1974. from 1974 to 2010, an average of 39 cases per year were reported, which were mainly imported. however, in 2009 and 2010 six and one autochthonous cases were reported culminating with a total of 40 autochthonous cases reported in 2011, of which 34 originated from a single region: laconia of southern pelo ... | 2013 | 24373457 |
| mosquito surveillance for prevention and control of emerging mosquito-borne diseases in portugal - 2008-2014. | mosquito surveillance in europe is essential for early detection of invasive species with public health importance and prevention and control of emerging pathogens. in portugal, a vector surveillance national program-revive (rede de vigilância de vectores)-has been operating since 2008 under the custody of portuguese ministry of health. the revive is responsible for the nationwide surveillance of hematophagous arthropods. surveillance for west nile virus (wnv) and other flaviviruses in adult mos ... | 2014 | 25396768 |
| assessing the susceptibility status of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in a dirofilariasis focus, northwestern iran. | mosquitoes are considered as the vectors of dirofilariasis and some vector borne disease in iran. the objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility level of the vectors to various insecticides recommended by who for any control measures in an endemic area in northwestern iran. | 2014 | 26114140 |
| a review of the vector management methods to prevent and control outbreaks of west nile virus infection and the challenge for europe. | west nile virus infection is a growing concern in europe. vector management is often the primary option to prevent and control outbreaks of the disease. its implementation is, however, complex and needs to be supported by integrated multidisciplinary surveillance systems and to be organized within the framework of predefined response plans. the impact of the vector control measures depends on multiple factors and the identification of the best combination of vector control methods is therefore n ... | 2014 | 25015004 |
| field evaluation of four widely used mosquito traps in central europe. | to monitor adult mosquitoes several trapping devices are available. these are differently constructed and use various mechanisms for mosquito attraction, thus resulting in different trapping sensitivities and efficacies for the various species. mosquito monitoring and surveillance programs in europe use various types of mosquito traps, but only a few comparisons have been conducted so far. this study compared the performance of four commercial trapping devices, which are commonly used in europe. | 2014 | 24924481 |
| enhanced west nile virus surveillance in the north kent marshes, uk. | as part of efforts to more fully understand the potential risks posed by west nile virus (wnv) and usutu virus (usuv) in the uk, and following on from previous reports of a potential bridge vector culex modestus for these viruses, at wetland sites in north kent, mosquito surveillance was undertaken more widely across the isle of sheppey, the hoo peninsula and the kent mainland. | 2015 | 25884920 |
| avian malaria parasites in the last supper: identifying encounters between parasites and the invasive asian mosquito tiger and native mosquito species in italy. | the invasive asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus has dramatically expanded its distribution range, being catalogued as one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species. as vectors of pathogens, ae. albopictus may create novel epidemiological scenarios in the invaded areas. | 2015 | 25626918 |
| west nile virus vector culex modestus established in southern england. | the risk posed to the united kingdom by west nile virus (wnv) has previously been considered low, due to the absence or scarcity of the main culex sp. bridge vectors. the mosquito culex modestus is widespread in southern europe, where it acts as the principle bridge vector of wnv. this species was not previously thought to be present in the united kingdom. | 2012 | 22316288 |
| molecular confirmation of the occurrence in germany of anopheles daciae (diptera, culicidae). | anopheles daciae, a newly described member of the maculipennis group, was recently reported from western, southern and eastern europe. before its recognition, it had commonly been listed under the name of an. messeae, due to its extreme morphological and genetic similarities. as the sibling species of the maculipennis group are known to differ in their vector competences for malaria parasites and other pathogens, the occurrence of an. daciae in a given region might have an impact on the epidemio ... | 2012 | 23146352 |
| anopheles plumbeus (diptera: culicidae) in europe: a mere nuisance mosquito or potential malaria vector? | anopheles plumbeus has been recognized as a minor vector for human malaria in europe since the beginning of the 20th century. in recent years this tree hole breeding mosquito species appears to have exploited novel breeding sites, including large and organically rich man-made containers, with consequently larger mosquito populations in close vicinity to humans. this lead to investigate whether current populations of an. plumbeus would be able to efficiently transmit plasmodium falciparum, the pa ... | 2012 | 23181931 |
| notes on the occurrence and habitat of anopheles punctipennis and anopheles maculipennis in the valley of the androscoggin. | | 0 | 19971445 |
| analyzing mosquito (diptera: culicidae) diversity in pakistan by dna barcoding. | although they are important disease vectors mosquito biodiversity in pakistan is poorly known. recent epidemics of dengue fever have revealed the need for more detailed understanding of the diversity and distributions of mosquito species in this region. dna barcoding improves the accuracy of mosquito inventories because morphological differences between many species are subtle, leading to misidentifications. | 2014 | 24827460 |
| the ecology and larval habitats characteristics of anopheline mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in aligudarz county (luristan province, western iran). | to determine ecology and characteristics of the larval habitats of the genus anopheles (dipetra: culicidae) in aligudarz county, western iran. | 0 | 25183088 |
| colonisation and mass rearing: learning from others. | mosquitoes, just as other insects produced for the sterile insect technique (sit), are subjected to several unnatural processes including laboratory colonisation and large-scale factory production. after these processes, sterile male mosquitoes must perform the natural task of locating and mating with wild females. therefore, the colonisation and production processes must preserve characters necessary for these functions. fortunately, in contrast to natural selection which favours a suite of cha ... | 2009 | 19917074 |
| molecular detection of dirofilaria immitis, dirofilaria repens and setaria tundra in mosquitoes from germany. | as a result of globalization and climate change, dirofilaria immitis and dirofilaria repens, the causative agents of dirofilariosis in europe, continue to spread from endemic areas in the mediterranean to northern and northeastern regions of europe where autochthonous cases of dirofilarial infections have increasingly been observed in dogs and humans. whilst d. repens was recently reported from mosquitoes in putatively non-endemic areas, d. immitis has never been demonstrated in mosquitoes from ... | 2014 | 24433279 |
| human and animal dirofilariasis: the emergence of a zoonotic mosaic. | dirofilariasis represents a zoonotic mosaic, which includes two main filarial species (dirofilaria immitis and d. repens) that have adapted to canine, feline, and human hosts with distinct biological and clinical implications. at the same time, both d. immitis and d. repens are themselves hosts to symbiotic bacteria of the genus wolbachia, the study of which has resulted in a profound shift in the understanding of filarial biology, the mechanisms of the pathologies that they produce in their hos ... | 0 | 22763636 |
| competitive displacement and reduction. | | 0 | 17853612 |
| circulation of dirofilaria repens and dirofilaria immitis in moldova. | over the last two decades, a significant spread of dirofilariasis has been observed in eastern and central europe. however, data on the circulation of dirofilaria spp. in moldova were absent although direct neighbor states reported high incidence rates of human dirofilariasis. | 2016 | 27912786 |
| the fauna and ecology of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in western iran. | the aim of this study was to obtain new data which would be valuable to develop programs for future planning of mosquito controls in in western iran. | 2014 | 26114143 |
| elimination of plasmodium vivax malaria in azerbaijan. | azerbaijan in the south caucasus region of far southeastern europe has a long history of malaria endemicity but just successfully eliminated local transmission. after a period of relatively stable malaria situation (1960-1970), the country witnessed an epidemic followed by a series of outbreaks of various magnitudes in the following two decades, all caused by plasmodium vivax compared with 1993, the number of malaria cases in the country jumped 29 times in 1994, 123 times in 1995, and 571 times ... | 2016 | 27708184 |
| molecular species identification, host preference and detection of myxoma virus in the anopheles maculipennis complex (diptera: culicidae) in southern england, uk. | determining the host feeding patterns of mosquitoes by identifying the origin of their blood-meals is an important part of understanding the role of vector species in current and future disease transmission cycles. collecting large numbers of blood-fed mosquitoes from the field is difficult, therefore it is important to maximise the information obtained from each specimen. this study aimed to use mosquito genome sequence to identify the species within anopheles maculipennis sensu lato (an. macul ... | 2015 | 26271277 |
| fauna and larval habitat characteristics of mosquitoes in neka county, northern iran. | ecological studies on mosquitoes are very important in vector control programs. there are a few studies about the ecology of mosquitoes in northern iran. this study was carried out to detect fauna and larval habitat characteristics of mosquitoes. | 2015 | 26623437 |
| lack of evidence for the presence of schmallenberg virus in mosquitoes in germany, 2011. | in 2011, a novel orthobunyavirus of the simbu serogroup was discovered near the german-dutch border and named schmallenberg virus (sbv). so far, sbv genome has been detected in various field-collected culicoides species; however, other members of the simbu serogroup are also transmitted by mosquitoes. | 2014 | 25174354 |
| analysis of the causes of spawning of large-scale, severe malarial epidemics and their rapid total extinction in western provence, historically a highly endemic region of france (1745-1850). | the two main puzzles of this study are the onset and then sudden stopping of severe epidemics in western provence (a highly malaria-endemic region of mediterranean france) without any deliberate counter-measures and in the absence of significant population flux. | 2014 | 24581282 |
| imported malaria in albania and the risk factors that could allow its reappearance. | malaria is an infectious disease gradually becoming a serious concern for public health institutions, even in european countries where the eradication of the disease was previously taken for granted. albania was listed as an endemic area from the beginning of the 20th century, but the disease was gradually under control and some decades after the world war ii it was merely considered a historical curiosity. nevertheless, for many reasons, since 1994 and in increasing trend, albanian health facil ... | 2013 | 23758911 |
| imported submicroscopic malaria in madrid. | submicroscopic malaria (smm) can be defined as low-density infections of plasmodium that are unlikely to be detected by conventional microscopy. such submicroscopic infections only occasionally cause acute disease, but they are capable of infecting mosquitoes and contributing to transmission. this entity is frequent in endemic countries; however, little is known about imported smm.the goals of this study were two-fold: a) to know the frequency of imported smm, and b) to describe epidemiological, ... | 2012 | 22970903 |
| short history of malaria and its eradication in italy with short notes on the fight against the infection in the mediterranean basin. | in italy at the end of 19(th) century, malaria cases amounted to 2 million with 15,000-20,000 deaths per year. malignant tertian malaria was present in central-southern areas and in the islands. early in the 20(th) century, the most important act of the italian parliament was the approval of laws regulating the production and free distribution of quinine and the promotion of measures aiming at the reduction of the larval breeding places of anopheline vectors. the contribution from the italian sc ... | 2012 | 22550561 |
| molecular detection of setaria tundra (nematoda: filarioidea) and an unidentified filarial species in mosquitoes in germany. | knowledge of the potential vector role of culicidae mosquitoes in germany is very scanty, and until recently it was generally assumed that they are not involved in the transmission of anthroponotic or zoonotic pathogens in this country. however, anticipated changes in the course of global warming and globalization may alter their status. | 2012 | 22236560 |
| dirofilaria repens microfilariae in aedes vexans mosquitoes in slovakia. | in this study, we screened field-caught mosquitoes for presence of dirofilaria spp. by using a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay. potential occurrence of dirofilaria repens and dirofilaria immitis microfilariae was examined in 3,600 mosquitoes of eight species (aedes vexans, aedes cinereus, aedes rossicus, culex pipiens, culiseta annulata, ochlerotatus sticticus, ochlerotatus cantans and ochlerotatus caspius) collected from five locations in two districts (kosice and trebisov) of eastern slo ... | 2013 | 23846240 |
| dirofilaria in humans, dogs, and vectors in austria (1978-2014)-from imported pathogens to the endemicity of dirofilaria repens. | dirofilaria repens and d. immitis are filarioid helminths with domestic and wild canids as main hosts and mosquitoes as vectors. both species are known to cause zoonotic diseases, primarily pulmonary (d. immitis), ocular (d. repens), and subcutaneous (d. repens) dirofilariosis. both d. immitis and d. repens are known as invasive species, and their distribution seems associated with climate change. until very recently, both species were known to be nonendemic in austria. | 2016 | 27196049 |
| microsporidium infecting anopheles supepictus (diptera: culicidae) larvae. | microsporidia are known to infect a wide variety of animals including mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). in a recent study on the mosquito fauna of chahar mahal and bakhtiari province, at the central western part of iran, a few larvae of anopheles superpictus were infected with a microsporidium-resembled microorganism. current investigation deals with the identification of the responsible microorganism at the genus level. | 2016 | 27308299 |
| first molecular identification of mosquito vectors of dirofilaria immitis in continental portugal. | canine dirofilariasis due to dirofilaria immitis is known to be endemic in continental portugal. however, information about the transmitting mosquito species is still scarce, with only culex theileri identified to date, albeit with l1-2, through dissection. this study was carried out to investigate the potential vectors of dirofilaria spp. in continental portugal. | 2015 | 25886610 |
| vector-borne helminths of dogs and humans in europe. | presently, 45% of the total human population of europe, as well as their domestic and companion animals, are exposed to the risk of vector-borne helminths (vbh) causing diseases. a plethora of intrinsic biological and extrinsic factors affect the relationship among helminths, vectors and animal hosts, in a constantly changing environment. although canine dirofilarioses by dirofilaria immitis and dirofilaria repens are key examples of the success of vbh spreading into non-endemic areas, another e ... | 2013 | 23324440 |
| mario coluzzi (1938-2012). | | 2014 | 24498979 |
| high prevalence and lineage diversity of avian malaria in wild populations of great tits (parus major) and mosquitoes (culex pipiens). | avian malaria studies have taken a prominent place in different aspects of evolutionary ecology. despite a recent interest in the role of vectors within the complex interaction system of the malaria parasite, they have largely been ignored in most epidemiological studies. epidemiology of the disease is however strongly related to the vector's ecology and behaviour, and there is a need for basic investigations to obtain a better picture of the natural associations between plasmodium lineages, vec ... | 2012 | 22506060 |
| approaches to passive mosquito surveillance in the eu. | the recent emergence in europe of invasive mosquitoes and mosquito-borne disease associated with both invasive and native mosquito species has prompted intensified mosquito vector research in most european countries. central to the efforts are mosquito monitoring and surveillance activities in order to assess the current species occurrence, distribution and, when possible, abundance, in order to permit the early detection of invasive species and the spread of competent vectors. as active mosquit ... | 2015 | 25567671 |
| investigations on anopheline mosquitoes close to the nest sites of chimpanzees subject to malaria infection in ugandan highlands. | malaria parasites (plasmodium sp.), including new species, have recently been discovered as low grade mixed infections in three wild chimpanzees (pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) sampled randomly in kibale national park, uganda. this suggested a high prevalence of malaria infection in this community. the clinical course of malaria in chimpanzees and the species of the vectors that transmit their parasites are not known. the fact that these apes display a specific behaviour in which they consume p ... | 2012 | 22510395 |
| wolbachia endobacteria in natural populations of culex pipiens of iran and its phylogenetic congruence. | wolbachia are common intracellular bacteria that infect different groups of arthropods including mosquitoes. these bacteria modify host biology and may induce feminization, parthenogenesis, male killing and cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci). recently wolbachia is being nominated as a bio-agent and paratransgenic candidate to control mosquito borne diseases. | 2016 | 27308293 |
| assessment of the risk of malaria re-introduction in the maremma plain (central italy) using a multi-factorial approach. | | 2012 | 22463387 |