| production of l-lactic acid from a mixture of xylose and glucose by co-cultivation of lactic acid bacteria. | the production of optically pure lactic acid in a high yield from xylose or a mixture of xylose and glucose, which is a model hydrolysate of lignocellulose, is described. in a single cultivation, enterococcus casseliflavus produced 38 g/l of lactic acid with an optical purity of 96% enantiomeric excess (ee) and 6.4 g/l of acetic acid from 50 g/l of xylose when mrs medium was used. when a mixture of 50 g/l of xylose and 100 g/l of glucose was used as the carbon source in a cultivation of e. casse ... | 2004 | 15558273 |
| enterococcal meningitis caused by enterococcus casseliflavus. first case report. | enterococcal meningitis is an uncommon disease usually caused by enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium and is associated with a high mortality rate. enterococcus casseliflavus has been implicated in a wide variety of infections in humans, but never in meningitis. | 2005 | 15649336 |
| enumeration and speciation of enterococci found in marine and intertidal sediments and coastal water in southern california. | to determine the levels and species distribution of enterococci in intertidal and marine sediments and coastal waters at two beaches frequently in violation of bacterial water standards. | 2005 | 16108802 |
| occurrence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in humans and animals in the czech republic between 2002 and 2004. | in the period between september 2002 and may 2004, a total of 6023 rectal swabs from humans in the czech republic were evaluated and 821 enterococcus spp. strains were isolated. nine strains (1.1 %) were identified as vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre). two strains were vana enterococcus faecium, one strain was vanb enterococcus faecalis and six strains were vanc enterococcus casseliflavus. in total, 527 enterococcus spp. strains were isolated from poultry breeds of which 11 (2.1 %) were vre ... | 2005 | 16157551 |
| microbiological study of lactic acid fermentation of caper berries by molecular and culture-dependent methods. | fermentation of capers (the fruits of capparis sp.) was studied by molecular and culture-independent methods. a lactic acid fermentation occurred following immersion of caper berries in water, resulting in fast acidification and development of the organoleptic properties typical of this fermented food. a collection of 133 isolates obtained at different times of fermentation was reduced to 75 after randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd)-pcr analysis. isolates were identified by pcr or 16s rrna ... | 2005 | 16332762 |
| validation of vitek 2 version 4.01 software for detection, identification, and classification of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci. | we evaluated the ability of the new vitek 2 version 4.01 software to identify and detect glycopeptide-resistant enterococci compared to that of the reference broth microdilution method and to classify them into the vana, vanb, vanc1, and vanc2 genotypes. moreover, the accuracy of antimicrobial susceptibility testing with agents with improved potencies against glycopeptide-resistant enterococci was determined. a total of 121 enterococci were investigated. the new vitek 2 software was able to iden ... | 2006 | 16390951 |
| partial characterization of enterocin mr99 from a corn silage isolate of enterococcus faecalis. | to assess the inhibitory activity on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria of several species of enterococci recovered from a natural corn silage. | 2006 | 16405692 |
| risk factors and outcomes associated with non-enterococcus faecalis, non-enterococcus faecium enterococcal bacteremia. | to compare risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes in patients with enterococcus avium, enterococcus casseliflavus, enterococcus durans, enterococcus gallinarum, and enterococcus mundtii bacteremia (cases) with those in patients with enterococcus faecalis bacteremia (controls). | 2006 | 16418983 |
| reclassification of enterococcus flavescens pompei et al. 1992 as a later synonym of enterococcus casseliflavus (ex vaughan et al. 1979) collins et al. 1984 and enterococcus saccharominimus vancanneyt et al. 2004 as a later synonym of enterococcus italicus fortina et al. 2004. | the taxonomic relatedness between the species enterococcus casseliflavus and enterococcus flavescens and between enterococcus italicus and enterococcus saccharominimus was investigated. literature data had already indicated the synonymy between e. casseliflavus and e. flavescens, but this observation had not been formally published. additional evidence that the two taxa represent a single species was provided by comparison of the partial sequences for three housekeeping genes, phenylalanyl-trna ... | 2006 | 16449449 |
| using dna microarrays to identify library-independent markers for bacterial source tracking. | bacterial source tracking is used to apportion fecal pollution among putative sources. within this context, library-independent markers are genetic or phenotypic traits that can be used to identify the host origin without a need for library-dependent classification functions. the objective of this project was to use mixed-genome enterococcus microarrays to identify library-independent markers. separate shotgun libraries were prepared for five host groups (cow, dog, elk/deer, human, and waterfowl ... | 2006 | 16517630 |
| [a novel plasmid-mediated aminoglycosides-modifying enzyme gene, aph (2'')-ie, in a strain of high-level gentamicin resistant enterococcus casseliflavus]. | to identify the aminoglycoside resistance gene in the high-level gentamicin resistant (hlgr) enterococcus and its transmission mechanism. | 2006 | 16681903 |
| mutagenicity of arbutin in mammalian cells after activation by human intestinal bacteria. | arbutin (hydroquinone-beta-d-glucopyranoside) is present in various food plants. its aglycone, hydroquinone, is mutagenic and carcinogenic. we investigated whether hydroquinone may be released under conditions encountered in the human gastrointestinal tract. arbutin was stable in artificial gastric juice. fecal slurries from nine human subjects completely converted arbutin (2 mm) into hydroquinone. four of nine representative human intestinal species investigated, namely eubacterium ramulus, ent ... | 2006 | 16904805 |
| sources and pathways of spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in hemato-oncological patients. | the presented study aims at analyzing an increasing prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) isolated from various kinds of clinical material obtained from patients in the department of hemato-oncology (dho), university hospital in olomouc, czech republic. between january 1 and march 31, 2005, enterococci were isolated by standard microbiological procedures using both clinical material obtained from hospitalized patients and samples from the department environment. resistance to vanc ... | 2006 | 16936913 |
| use of the phoenix automated system for identification of streptococcus and enterococcus spp. | the phoenix system (becton dickinson diagnostic systems, sparks, md) was evaluated for identification (id) to the species level of streptococci and enterococci. two hundred clinical isolates were investigated: beta-hemolytic streptococci (n = 50), streptococcus pneumoniae organisms (n = 46), viridans group streptococci (n = 31), enterococcus faecium (n = 36), enterococcus faecalis (n = 25), and other catalase-negative cocci (n = 12). the api system (biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france) was used a ... | 2006 | 16954258 |
| safety and potential risks of enterococci isolated from traditional fermented capers. | a collection of 17 enterococci isolates obtained from fermentations of capers (the fruits of capparis sp.) were investigated for incidence of known virulence determinants, antibiotic resistance and production of biogenic amines. molecular identification revealed the presence of enterococcus faecium (nine isolates), enterococcus faecalis (4), e. avium (3) and enterococcus casseliflavus/flavescens (1). alpha-haemolytic activity was detected in two e. avium and one e. faecalis isolates, and beta-ha ... | 2006 | 16971033 |
| vancomycin-resistant enterococci from animal sources in korea. | enterococci for which the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of vancomycin was >/=8 mg/l were isolated from meat, feces, and raw milk samples collected in korea from march to november 2003. among the 243 vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) that were identified the vana vancomycin resistance gene was carried by 51 enterococcus faecium and one enterococcus sp., vanc1 was carried by 151 enterococcus gallinarum, vanc2 was carried by 39 enterococcus casseliflavus, and one enterococcus sp. carr ... | 2007 | 17010464 |
| insertion sequence isecp1-like element connected with a novel aph(2'') allele [aph(2'')-ie] conferring high-level gentamicin resistance and a novel streptomycin adenylyltransferase gene in enterococcus. | enterococcus casseliflavus hz95 is an enterococcus with high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. nine genes responsible for high-level aminoglycoside resistance, including aac(6')-ie-aph(2'')-ia, aph(2'')-ib, aph(2'')-ic, aph(2'')-id, aph(3')-iiia, aac(6')-ii, ant(3')-ia, ant(4')-ia and ant(6')-ia, were not detected in hz95. an 8 kb fragment from unconjugative plasmids of hz95 was cloned, and expressed gentamicin resistance in escherichia coli dh5alpha. the genetic structures ( approximately 8 ... | 2006 | 17030911 |
| lysobacter enzymogenes subsp. enzymogenes christensen and cook 1978, l. enzymogenes subsp. cookii christensen 1978 and streptococcus casseliflavus (mundt and graham 1968) vaughan et al. 1978 should have been cited in the approved lists of bacterial names. request for an opinion. | lysobacter enzymogenes subsp. enzymogenes christensen and cook 1978, l. enzymogenes subsp. cookii christensen 1978 and streptococcus casseliflavus (mundt and graham 1968) vaughan et al. 1978 were inadvertently omitted from the approved lists of bacterial names. according to rule 24a, note 1, the authors request that these names be considered as included in these lists. | 2006 | 17082416 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of enterococci isolated from retail fruits, vegetables, and meats. | although enterococci are considered opportunistic pathogens, they can be reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance. antimicrobial resistance is increasingly important because of foodborne illnesses from meat and infections from produce. from 2000 through 2001, food items (vegetables, fruits, and meats) were obtained from grocery store chains in northern georgia and cultured for the presence of enterococci; 47.7% (189 of 396) of these samples were positive for enterococci. for the fruits and vegetab ... | 2006 | 17186667 |
| dynamics and biodiversity of populations of lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria involved in spontaneous heap fermentation of cocoa beans in ghana. | the ghanaian cocoa bean heap fermentation process was studied through a multiphasic approach, encompassing both microbiological and metabolite target analyses. a culture-dependent (plating and incubation, followed by repetitive-sequence-based pcr analyses of picked-up colonies) and culture-independent (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis [dgge] of 16s rrna gene amplicons, pcr-dgge) approach revealed a limited biodiversity and targeted population dynamics of both lactic acid bacteria (lab) an ... | 2007 | 17277227 |
| molecular identification and diversity of enterococci isolated from slovak bryndza cheese. | three hundred and eight presumed enterococcal isolates were recovered from bryndza, a soft sheep milk cheese. the cheese samples were obtained from five different commercial distributors in slovakia and were taken at three different seasonal intervals. all isolates were identified to the species level using genotypic tools. species-specific pcr using ddl genes highlighted the predominance of enterococcus faecium (176 isolates) and assigned 50 isolates to the species enterococcus faecalis. the re ... | 2006 | 17325446 |
| prevalence of streptogramin resistance in enterococci from animals: identification of vatd from animal sources in the usa. | there is considerable debate over the contribution of virginiamycin use in animals to quinupristin/dalfopristin (q/d) resistance in humans. in this study, the prevalence and mechanisms of streptogramin resistance in enterococci from animals and the environment were investigated. from 2000-2004, enterococci from samples were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. q/d-resistant isolates (minimum inhibitory concentration >or=4 microg/ml) were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using pri ... | 2007 | 17532190 |
| vancomycin-resistant enterococci, colonizing the intestinal tract of patients in a university hospital in greece. | determine the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) colonizing the intestinal tract of hospitalized patients and define risk factors. | 2006 | 17568849 |
| influx of enterococci and associated antibiotic resistance and virulence genes from ready-to-eat food to the human digestive tract. | the influx of enterococcal antibiotic resistance (ar) and virulence genes from ready-to-eat food (rtef) to the human digestive tract was assessed. three rtefs (chicken salad, chicken burger, and carrot cake) were sampled from five fast-food restaurants five times in summer (su) and winter (wi). the prevalence of enterococci was significantly higher in su (92.0% of salad samples and 64.0% of burger samples) than in wi (64.0% of salad samples and 24.0% of burger samples). the overall concentration ... | 2007 | 17766449 |
| high prevalence of tetracycline resistance in enterococcus isolates from broilers carrying the erm(b) gene. | a total of 73 isolates of enterococcus spp. carrying the erm(b) gene were obtained from cloacal swabs of broiler chickens derived from 13 different farms in belgium. the erm(b) gene encodes resistance to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin b antibiotics (mls(b)). the isolates belonged to eight different species: enterococcus avium (eight isolates), enterococcus casseliflavus (11 isolates), enterococcus cecorum (eight isolates), enterococcus durans (seven isolates), enterococcus faecalis ( ... | 2007 | 17899464 |
| antibody binding to streptococcus mitis and streptococcus oralis cell fractions. | to determine which cell fraction(s) of streptococcus mitis biovar 1 serve as the best source of antigens recognized by salivary siga antibodies in infants. | 2008 | 17904095 |
| [a 6-year study of glycopeptides-resistant enterococci in 3 intensive care units of the university hospital of montpellier]. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of glycopeptides-resistant enterococci (gre) fecal carriage (species and resistance determinants). strains isolated between 1999 and 2005 during systematic screening for multiresistant bacteria in patients hospitalized in 3 intensive care units (icu) of the university hospital of montpellier were studied. | 2007 | 17905540 |
| biogenic amine-forming microbial communities in cheese. | the aim of this study was to screen two cheese starter cultures and cheese-borne microbial communities with the potential to produce biogenic amines in cheese during ripening. bacteria of the genera enterococcus and lactobacillus and coliform bacteria were isolated from dutch-type semi-hard cheese at the beginning of the ripening period. statistically significant counts of bacterial isolates were screened for the presence of specific dna sequences coding for tyrosine decarboxylase (tyrdc) and hi ... | 2007 | 17956420 |
| structure of alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase from streptococcus sp.: a template for the mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. | the fad-dependent alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase (glpo) from enterococcus casseliflavus and streptococcus sp. was originally studied as a soluble flavoprotein oxidase; surprisingly, the glpo sequence is 30-43% identical to those of the alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases (glpds) from mitochondrial and bacterial sources. the structure of a deletion mutant of streptococcus sp. glpo (glpodelta, lacking a 50-residue insert that includes a flexible surface region) has been determined using multiwav ... | 2008 | 18154320 |
| comparative analysis of genetic diversity and incidence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance among enterococcal populations from raw fruit and vegetable foods, water and soil, and clinical samples. | a comparative study was carried out among enterococci isolated from fruits and vegetable foods, water and soil, and clinical samples. results indicate strong differences in the numbers of enterococcal species found in different environments as well as their abundance. while enterococcus faecalis was clearly the predominant species in clinical samples, enterococcus faecium predominated in vegetables, and it slightly outnumbered e. faecalis in water samples. other species (enterococcus hirae, ente ... | 2008 | 18180067 |
| tyramine production in dutch-type semi-hard cheese from two different producers. | tyramine content and counts of lactic acid bacteria (lab) and enterococci were measured (including tyrosine-decarboxylase activity testing, and testing of the presence of the tyrosine-decarboxylase gene sequence, tyrdc, by pcr) during ripening (0, 26, 54, 88, 119, 146, and 176 days) in the core (c)- and edge (e)-samples of dutch-type semi-hard cheese produced from pasteurized milk by two dairies (r, h) with two levels of fat content (30 and 45%) using two different starter cultures (y, l), respe ... | 2008 | 18206763 |
| genomic typing of enterococci isolated from bovine mammary glands and environmental sources. | enterococcal isolates (n = 102) from various sources of bovine origin on 1 farm were characterized using pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis of smai restriction patterns. isolates originated from feed samples (n = 6), bedding samples (n = 15), and bovine quarter-milk samples (n = 81). isolates collected from milk samples included those from high-somatic cell count cows (n = 42), postpartum milk samples (n = 16), and clinical mastitis samples (n = 23). species evaluated included enterococcu ... | 2008 | 18218748 |
| antibiotic resistance of enterococci in american bison (bison bison) from a nature preserve compared to that of enterococci in pastured cattle. | enterococci isolated from a bison population on a native tall-grass prairie preserve in kansas were characterized and compared to enterococci isolated from pastured cattle. the species diversity was dominated by enterococcus casseliflavus in bison (62.4%), while enterococcus hirae was the most common isolate from cattle (39.7%). enterococcus faecalis was the second most common species isolated from bison (16%). in cattle, e. faecalis and enterococcus faecium were isolated at lower percentages (3 ... | 2008 | 18245252 |
| anti-listerial activity of a polymeric film coated with hybrid coatings doped with enterocin 416k1 for use as bioactive food packaging. | in this study, enterocin 416k1, a bacteriocin produced by enterococcus casseliflavus im 416k1, was entrapped in an organic-inorganic hybrid coating applied to a ldpe (low-density polyethylene) film for its potential use in the active food packaging field. the antibacterial activity of the coated film was evaluated against listeria monocytogenes nctc 10888 by qualitative modified agar diffusion assay, quantitative determination in listeria saline solution suspension and direct contact with artifi ... | 2008 | 18262299 |
| species distribution and antimicrobial resistance of enterococci isolated from surface and ocean water. | the species identification and antimicrobial resistance profiles were determined for enterococci isolated from southern california surface and ocean waters. | 2008 | 18422952 |
| anaerobic and aerobic degradation of cyanophycin by the denitrifying bacterium pseudomonas alcaligenes strain dip1 and role of three other coisolates in a mixed bacterial consortium. | four bacterial strains were isolated from a cyanophycin granule polypeptide (cgp)-degrading anaerobic consortium, identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing, and assigned to species of the genera pseudomonas, enterococcus, clostridium, and paenibacillus. the consortium member responsible for cgp degradation was assigned as pseudomonas alcaligenes strain dip1. the growth of and cgp degradation by strain dip1 under anaerobic conditions were enhanced but not dependent on the presence of nitrate as an e ... | 2008 | 18424548 |
| vanc gene-related intrinsic teicoplanin resistance detected in enterococcus casseliflavus and e. gallinarum strains by the bd phoenix automated microbiology system. | | 2008 | 18463205 |
| characterisation of aerobically grown non-spore-forming bacteria from paper mill pulps containing recycled fibres. | a total of 179 non-spore-forming bacteria aerobically growing on nutrient agar, plate count agar or in specific enrichment conditions for salmonella, campylobacteria, listeria, yersinia or staphylococci, were isolated from 16 untreated paper mill pulps. after phenotypical screening the isolates were characterised by automated ribotyping and partial sequencing of the 16s rrna gene. they could be divided into seven taxonomical classes representing 63 taxa (species): actinobacteria (11 species), ba ... | 2009 | 18820960 |
| bacteremia caused by vanc-type enterococci in a university hospital in japan: a 6-year survey. | we retrospectively examined the clinical and microbiological characteristics of bacteremia caused by intrinsically vancomycin-resistant (vanc-type) enterococci in a university hospital in japan. five cases of enterococcus gallinarum and four of enterococcus casseliflavus bacteremia were identified during the 6 years of the survey. of the nine cases, five were related to neutropenic states with hematologic diseases and four were related to biliary tract infection with hepatobiliary or pancreatic ... | 2008 | 19089554 |
| structural characterizations of glycerol kinase: unraveling phosphorylation-induced long-range activation. | glycerol metabolism provides a central link between sugar and fatty acid catabolism. in most bacteria, glycerol kinase plays a crucial role in regulating channel/facilitator-dependent uptake of glycerol into the cell. in the firmicute enterococcus casseliflavus, this enzyme's activity is enhanced by phosphorylation of the histidine residue (his232) located in its activation loop, approximately 25 a from its catalytic cleft. we reported earlier that some mutations of his232 altered enzyme activit ... | 2009 | 19102629 |
| identification and tracing of enterococcus spp. by rapd-pcr in traditional fermented sausages and meat environment. | four local small-scale factories were studied to determine the sources of enterococci in traditional fermented sausages. | 2009 | 19120623 |
| the homogeneity of vanb gene cluster among enterococcal isolates in iran. | this study aimed to analyse the diversity of the vanb gene cluster in enterococcal species isolated from sewage treatment plants (stp) in tehran, iran. | 2009 | 19141035 |
| genetic diversity of the low-level vancomycin resistance gene vanc-2/vanc-3 and identification of a novel vanc subtype (vanc-4) in enterococcus casseliflavus. | an intrinsic low-level vancomycin resistance (vanc phenotype) in enterococcus casseliflavus is conferred by either of two subtypes of vanc genes, that is, vanc-2 or vanc-3, which are genetically closely related. to know genetic diversity of vanc-2/c-3 genes among e. casseliflavus, nucleotide sequences of vanc-2/c-3 and other genetic components in vanc gene cluster (vanxyc, vantc, vanrc, and vansc) were analyzed for nine clinical isolates and four standard strains that showed low-level vancomycin ... | 2009 | 19216682 |
| enterococcus faecalis with the gelatinase phenotype regulated by the fsr operon and with biofilm-forming capacity are common in the agricultural environment. | the prevalence of gelatinase activity and biofilm formation among environmental enterococci was assessed. in total, 396 enterococcal isolates from swine and cattle faeces and house flies from a cattle farm were screened for gelatinase activity. the most prevalent phenotype on todd-hewitt agar with 1.5% skim milk was the weak protease (wp) (72.2% of isolates), followed by the strong protease (sp) 18.7%, and no protease (np) (9.1%). the majority of wp isolates was represented by enterococcus hirae ... | 2009 | 19222538 |
| vancomycin-resistant enterococcus spp. in marine environments from the west coast of the usa. | the aim of the study was to determine if vancomycin-resistant enterococcus spp. [vre] carrying vana and/or vanb genes were present in public marine beaches and a fishing pier [2001-2003, 2008] from washington and california [2008]. | 2009 | 19239547 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of enterococci isolated from traditional fermented meat products. | antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated for 182 enterococcus spp. isolated from alheira, chouriça de vinhais and salpicão de vinhais, fermented meat products produced in the north of portugal. previously, a choice was made from a group of 1060 isolates, using phenotypic and genotypic tests. from these, 76 were previously identified as enterococcus faecalis, 44 as enterococcus faecium, one as enterococcus casseliflavus and 61 as enteroccocus spp. in order to encompass several of the known chemica ... | 2009 | 19465250 |
| [glycopeptide-resistant enterococci carriage: are actual isolation and identification techniques sufficient?] | the monitoring of infection by glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (gre) is one of the main elements of hospital hygiene policy. it involves systematic rectal swabs in clinics at risk (asymptomatic carriage). aim: we compare two gre screening methods and evaluate a new kit associating multiplex pcr and hybridization (génotype((r)) enterococcus, hain lifescience) on a panel of 448 samples collected over a 4-month period. patients and methods: the first method is based on direct inoculation of the ... | 2009 | 19477606 |
| [epidemiological search for vancomycin-resistant enterococci in mainland of the ryukyus]. | during the period from january through december 2007, a total of 1,814 stool specimens from the inpatients of nine regional hospitals in mainland of the ryukyus, were tested to identify vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre). all the stool specimens were primarily cultured onto the vre selective agar plates, and a total of 195 specimens yielded positive enterococcal growth. of 195 isolates, vre screening agar tests identified 106 phenotypic vre isolates, consisting 24 isolates of enterococcus ca ... | 2008 | 19583456 |
| chronic expanding hematoma with bronchopleural fistula and empyema space. | chronic expanding hematoma of the thorax is not typically accompanied by a bronchopleural fistula or purulent lesion. we report an extremely rare case of chronic expanding hematoma with a bronchopleural fistula and empyema space in a 66-year-old man with a history of tuberculous pleurisy admitted because of fever and bloody sputa. computed tomography and a magnetic resonance imaging revealed a huge mass and an air space in the right thorax. a fiber-optic bronchoscope examination showed hemorrhag ... | 2009 | 19597392 |
| population structure and safety aspects of enterococcus strains isolated from artisanal dry fermented sausages produced in argentina. | enterococci population from argentinean artisanal dry fermented sausage was identified and their safety aspects were evaluated. species-specific pcr was used to distinguish between enterococcus faecium (56%) and enterococcus faecalis (17%). other isolates (27%) were identified as enterococcus durans, enterococcus casseliflavus and enterococcus mundtii by using 16s rna gene sequence. rapd analyses showed different biotypes for ent. faecium and ent. faecalis species. low incidence of antibiotic re ... | 2009 | 19627479 |
| rapid qpcr-based assay for fecal bacteroides spp. as a tool for assessing fecal contamination in recreational waters. | concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria (fib; e.g. escherichia coli, and enterococcus sp.) can only be used in limited ways for determining the source of fecal contamination in recreational waters because they cannot distinguish human from non-human fecal contamination. several bacteroides spp. have been suggested as potential alternative indicators. we have developed a rapid, culture-independent method for quantifying fecal bacteroides spp. using quantitative pcr (qpcr) targeting the 16s rrn ... | 2009 | 19631958 |
| molecular epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in singapore. | to characterise the mechanism of glycopeptide resistance, genetic relatedness, and pathogenicity factors in isolates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) in singapore. | 2009 | 19670074 |
| vana in enterococcus faecium, enterococcus faecalis, and enterococcus casseliflavus detected in french cattle. | the goal of this study was to assess the presence of enterococci species presenting van-mediated glycopeptide resistance in french cattle. fecal samples were collected from healthy and sick animals, and enterococci were screened for vancomycin resistance. vancomycin resistance was principally encountered in enterococcus gallinarum and enterococcus casseliflavus strains. however, glycopeptide resistance was detected in three different species of enterococci (e. faecalis, e. faecium, and e. cassel ... | 2009 | 19694552 |
| characterization of enterococci populations collected from a subsurface flow constructed wetland. | the aim of this study was to identify and characterize the population of enterococcus sp. in domestic wastewater as it flows through a constructed wetland. | 2010 | 19778344 |
| genotypic diversity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from african traditional alkaline-fermented foods. | to identify and compare lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from alkaline fermentations of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) leaves, roselle (hibiscus sabdariffa) and african locust bean (parkia biglobosa) seeds for production of, respectively, ntoba mbodi, bikalga and soumbala. | 2010 | 19895650 |
| enterococcus casseliflavus endophthalmitis associated with a horse tail injury. | | 2009 | 19901232 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of enterococcus casseliflavus aminoglycoside-2''-phosphotransferase-iva. | the deactivation of aminoglycoside antibiotics by chemical modification is one of the major sources of bacterial resistance to this family of therapeutic compounds, which includes the clinically relevant drugs streptomycin, kanamycin and gentamicin. the aminoglycoside phosphotransferases (aphs) form one such family of enzymes responsible for this resistance. the gene encoding one of these enzymes, aminoglycoside-2''-phosphotransferase-iva [aph(2'')-iva] from enterococcus casseliflavus, has been ... | 2010 | 20057078 |
| enterococcus species distribution among human and animal hosts using multiplex pcr. | this study evaluated the use of enterococcus species differentiation as a tool for microbial source tracking (mst) in recreational waters. | 2010 | 20132375 |
| the effects of submerged aquatic vegetation on the persistence of environmental populations of enterococcus spp. | enterococcus spp. are utilized worldwide as faecal indicator bacteria, but certain strains exhibit extended survival in environmental habitats and the factors influencing their persistence are poorly understood. we used flowing freshwater mesocosms to explore the effect of submerged aquatic vegetation (sav) on the persistence of natural enterococci populations from a subtropical lake. the highest mean densities of culturable enterococci over 2 weeks occurred in sav [8.6 x 10(2) colony-forming un ... | 2010 | 20192964 |
| probiotic table olives: microbial populations adhering on olive surface in fermentation sets inoculated with the probiotic strain lactobacillus paracasei impc2.1 in an industrial plant. | this study reports the dynamics of microbial populations adhering on the surface of debittered green olives cv. bella di cerignola in fermentation sets inoculated with the probiotic strain lactobacillus paracasei impc2.1 in different brining conditions (4% and 8% (w/v) nacl) at room temperature and 4 degrees c. the probiotic strain successfully colonized the olive surface dominating the natural lab population and decreasing the ph of brines to <or=5.0 after 30 days until the end of fermentation. ... | 2010 | 20226556 |
| characterization of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus isolates from broilers in selangor, malaysia. | vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (vre) is an emerging nosocomial pathogen in humans. the use of antibiotics in human therapy and in the production of food animals has been incriminated in the emergence of this organism. the present study describes the distribution of vre species, the vancomycin-resistant genes detected, the vancomycin resistance pattern observed, and the genetic diversity of the isolates found in live broiler chickens in malaysia. overall 140 vre were isolated with species comp ... | 2009 | 20237442 |
| pcr-rflp of 16s ribosomal dna to confirm the identification of enterococcus gallinarum and enterococcus casseliflavus isolated from clinical and food samples. | this study aimed to confirm the identification of enterococcus gallinarum and enterococcus casseliflavus isolated from clinical and food samples by pcr-rflp. | 2010 | 20305980 |
| bacteremia caused by non-faecalis and non-faecium enterococcus species at a medical center in taiwan, 2000 to 2008. | summary objectives: human infections due to non-faecalis and non-faecium enterococcus species are emerging but data on the characteristics of these infections are limited. | 2010 | 20433865 |
| [detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci using multiplex real-time pcr assay and melting curve analysis]. | we developed and evaluated the utility of a multiplex real-time pcr assay that uses melting curve analysis and allows simultaneous identification of vancomycin-resistant genotypes and clinically relevant enterococci. | 2010 | 20445331 |
| characterization of the conjugative transposon tn6000 from enterococcus casseliflavus 664.1h1 (formerly enterococcus faecium 664.1h1). | tn6000 (formerly efctn1) from enterococcus casseliflavus strain 664.1h1 (previously enterococcus faecium 664.1h1) is a tetracycline resistance-encoding conjugative transposon of the tn916-like family of mobile genetic elements. sequence analysis of tn6000 shows that it has a novel modular structure, comprising fragments of diverse proven and putative mobile elements including plasmids, conjugative transposons and virulence and pathogenicity islands. | 2010 | 20528943 |
| enterococcus species composition determined by capillary electrophoresis of the groesl gene spacer region dna. | marine recreational beaches are monitored for fecal contamination by enterococcus spp. (ent) counts. although different ent species in the environment tend to thrive in and originate from distinct hosts, the current monitoring method does not differentiate among species. time-consuming isolation-based species identification precludes routine analysis of environmental ent communities. therefore, an isolation-independent dna fingerprinting method was developed to characterize environmental ent com ... | 2010 | 20639015 |
| an unusual case of sepsis with both vibrio vulnificus and enterococcus casseliflavus. | an 87-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer on prior dexamethasone and chemotherapy presented to the emergency department with fever, hypotension and diarrhea. blood cultures at the time of admission revealed both vibrio vulnificus and enterococcus casseliflavus. raw oysters harvested from a louisiana marsh were consumed 12 and 13 days pre-admission. v. vulnificus sepsis typically manifests within one to three days of exposure, though prior reports have indicated infections as late as sev ... | 2010 | 20666168 |
| [comparison of midgut bacterial community between bt-resistant and sensitive helicoverpa armigera]. | to investigate the midgut bacterial community of sensitive and resistant helicoverpa armigera for the emergence of resistance to bacillus thuringiensis. | 2010 | 20687351 |
| stored-product insects carry antibiotic-resistant and potentially virulent enterococci. | a total of 154 enterococcal isolates from 95 stored-product insects collected from a feed mill, a grain storage silo, and a retail store were isolated and identified to the species level using pcr. enterococcus casseliflavus represented 51% of the total isolates, followed by enterococcus gallinarum (24%), enterococcus faecium (14%), enterococcus faecalis (7%), and enterococcus hirae (5%). many isolates were resistant to tetracycline (48%), followed by streptomycin (21%), erythromycin (14%), kana ... | 2010 | 20735478 |
| antimicrobial resistance of fecal indicators in municipal wastewater treatment plant. | antimicrobial resistance of fecal coliforms (n = 153) and enterococci (n = 199) isolates was investigated in municipal wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) based on activated sludge system. the number of fecal indicators (in influent and effluent as well as in the aeration chamber and in return activated sludge mixture) was determined using selective media. susceptibility of selected strains was tested against 19 (aminoglycosides, aztreonam, carbapenems, cephalosporins, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibit ... | 2010 | 20810144 |
| ccrabent serine recombinase genes are widely distributed in the enterococcus faecium and enterococcus casseliflavus species groups and are expressed in e. faecium. | the presence, distribution and expression of cassette chromosome recombinase (ccr) genes, which are homologous to the staphylococcal ccrab genes and are designated ccrab(ent) genes, were examined in enterococcal isolates (n=421) representing 13 different species. a total of 118 (28 %) isolates were positive for ccrab(ent) genes by pcr, and a number of these were confirmed by southern hybridization with a ccra(ent) probe (n=76) and partial dna sequencing of ccra(ent) and ccrb(ent) genes (n=38). c ... | 2010 | 20817645 |
| high-level aminoglycoside resistance and reduced susceptibility to vancomycin in nosocomial enterococci. | the objectives of the present study were to identify the species of enterococci isolated from nosocomial infections and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern with reference to high-level aminoglycosides and vancomycin. | 2010 | 20927283 |
| antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance in commensal enterococci isolated from pigs. | antibiotic resistance in animal isolates of enterococci is of public health concern because of the risk of transfer of antibiotic resistance isolates or resistance determinants to consumers via the food chain. in this study, phenotypic and genotypic resistance in 192 pig isolates of enterococci to ampicillin, avilamycin, avoparcin, bacitracin, flavophospholipol, gentamicin, narasin, tetracycline, tiamulin, tylosin, vancomycin, virginiamycin, copper and zinc were investigated by susceptibility te ... | 2010 | 20951513 |
| endogenous endophthalmitis caused by enterococcus casseliflavus. | herein, we report a case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by enterococcus casseliflavus. the organism was sensitive to gentamicin, vancomycin and chloramphenicol and resistant to cefazolin, ofloxacin, gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin. the patient was successfully treated with vitrectomy and sensitivity-based intravitreal vancomycin. | 2011 | 21212141 |
| crystallization of α- and β-carotene in the foregut of spodoptera larvae feeding on a toxic food plant. | in the animal kingdom, carotenoids are usually absorbed from dietary sources and transported to target tissues. despite their general importance, the uptake mechanism is still poorly understood. here we report the "red crop" phenomenon, an accumulation of α- and β-carotene in crystalline inclusions in the enlarged foregut of the polyphagous spodoptera larvae feeding on some potentially toxic plant leaves. the carotene crystals give the insect foregut a distinctive orange-red color. the crystals ... | 2011 | 21255649 |
| bacteriophage-mediated transduction of antibiotic resistance in enterococci. | temperate bacteriophages are bacterial viruses that transfer genetic information between bacteria. this phenomenon is known as transduction, and it is important in acquisition of bacterial virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance determinants. the aim of this study was to demonstrate the role of bacteriophages in gene transfer (antibiotic resistance) in enterococci. | 2011 | 21395627 |
| isolated cholangiolitis revealed by (18)f-fdg-pet/ct in a patient with fever of unknown origin. | cholangiolitis, inflammation of the cholangioles, is difficult to diagnose by conventional imaging modalities. we report a case of cholangiolitis revealed by fluorine-18 fluoro desoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computerized tomography ((18)f-fdg-pet/ct) after about 9 months of recurrent fevers. a 20 years old girl with a history of recurrent fevers and repeated workups at different hospitals, which didn't diagnosed the source of fever, was admitted with a recent episode of fever. an (18 ... | 2011 | 21512668 |
| characterization of the mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance in vancomycin-resistant enterococci of different origins. | the mutations in gyra and parc genes were analyzed in 22 vancomycin-resistant enterococci of different origins and species, which had varying susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (minimum inhibitory concentration, mic: 0.5- >256 mg/l). all vana or vanb2-containing strains with ciprofloxacin mic of >32 mg/l presented amino acid changes in gyra protein (s83i, s83y, s83r or s83i-e87g) with/without changes in parc protein (s80i or s80r or s80l). strains with lower ciprofloxacin mics presented the gyra an ... | 2011 | 21571624 |
| prevalence of vanc vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the teaching hospitals of the university of debrecen, hungary. | vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) are common nosocomial pathogens; however, until now they have been rarely encountered in hungary. in the present study, we investigated the prevalence of vre in the teaching hospitals of the university of debrecen. of 7,271 enterococcus-containing clinical samples collected between 2004 and 2009, we identified 16 vre. species-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to detect enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, enterococcus casseliflavus, and en ... | 2011 | 21649462 |
| Communal microaerophilic-aerobic biodegradation of Amaranth by novel NAR-2 bacterial consortium. | A novel bacterial consortium, NAR-2 which consists of Citrobacter freundii A1, Enterococcus casseliflavus C1 and Enterobacter cloacae L17 was investigated for biodegradation of Amaranth azo dye under sequential microaerophilic-aerobic condition. The NAR-2 bacterial consortium with E. casseliflavus C1 as the dominant strain enhanced the decolorization process resulting in reduction of Amaranth in 30min. Further aerobic biodegradation, which was dominated by C. freundii A1 and E. cloacae L17, allo ... | 2012 | 22182471 |
| meningitis caused by enterococcus casseliflavus with refractory cerebrospinal fluid leakage following endoscopic endonasal removal of skull base chondrosarcoma. | | 2011 | 22088553 |
| Bacteriophage lysis of enterococcus host strains: a tool for microbial source tracking? | This paper describes the isolation of Enterococcus host strains, for potential use as simple bacteriophage (phage)-based microbial source tracking (MST) tools. Presumptive Enterococcus host strains were isolated from cattle feces, raw municipal wastewater, agricultural runoff, and waters impacted by farms or wastewater treatment works (WWTW) in southern England, United Kingdom (UK). All enterococcal host strains (n = 390) were first screened for their ability to detect phage in samples of ra ... | 2011 | 22047499 |
| clinico-epidemiological profile and high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococcal septicemia from a tertiary care hospital in east delhi. | emergence of high-level aminoglycoside and glycopeptide resistance has significantly contributed to the mortality, particularly in serious enterococcal infections. | 2011 | 23776782 |
| 23s rrna gene-based enterococci community signatures in lake pontchartrain, louisiana, usa, following urban runoff inputs after hurricane katrina. | little is known about the impacts of fecal polluted urban runoff inputs on the structure of enterococci communities in estuarine waters. this study employed a 23s rrna gene-based polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay with newly designed genus-specific primers, ent127f-ent907r, to determine the possible impacts of hurricane katrina floodwaters via the 17th street canal discharge on the community structure of enterococci in lake pontchartrain. a total of 94 phylotypes were identified through the r ... | 2012 | 23269456 |
| cultivable endophytic bacteria from leaf bases of agave tequilana and their role as plant growth promoters. | agave tequilana weber var. 'azul' is grown for the production of tequila, inulin and syrup. diverse bacteria inhabit plant tissues and play a crucial role for plant health and growth. in this study culturable endophytic bacteria were extracted from leaf bases of 100 healthy agave tequilana plants. in plant tissue bacteria occurred at mean population densities of 3 million cfu/g of fresh plant tissue. three hundred endophytic strains were isolated and 16s rdna sequences grouped the bacteria into ... | 2014 | 25763038 |
| development of quantitative pcr assays targeting the 16s rrna genes of enterococcus spp. and their application to the identification of enterococcus species in environmental samples. | the detection of environmental enterococci has been determined primarily by using culture-based techniques that might exclude some enterococcal species as well as those that are nonculturable. to address this, the relative abundances of enterococci were examined by challenging fecal and water samples against a currently available genus-specific assay (entero1). to determine the diversity of enterococcal species, 16s rrna gene-based group-specific quantitative pcr (qpcr) assays were developed and ... | 2013 | 23087032 |
| hiding in fresh fruits and vegetables: opportunistic pathogens may cross geographical barriers. | different microbial groups of the microbiome of fresh produce can have diverse effects on human health. this study was aimed at identifying some microbial communities of fresh produce by analyzing 105 samples of imported fresh fruits and vegetables originated from different countries in the world including local samples (oman) for aerobic plate count and the counts of enterobacteriaceae, enterococcus, and staphylococcus aureus. the isolated bacteria were identified by molecular (pcr) and biochem ... | 2016 | 26989419 |
| evaluation of bacterial contamination in raw milk, ultra-high temperature milk and infant formula using single molecule, real-time sequencing technology. | the pacific biosciences (menlo park, ca) single molecule, real-time sequencing technology (smrt) was reported to have some advantages in analyzing the bacterial profile of environmental samples. in this study, the presence of bacterial contaminants in raw milk, uht milk, and infant formula was determined by smrt sequencing of the full length 16s rrna gene. the bacterial profiles obtained at different taxonomic levels revealed clear differences in bacterial community structure across the 16 analy ... | 2015 | 26476945 |
| bioaugmentation treatment of mature landfill leachate by new isolated ammonia nitrogen and humic acid resistant microorganism. | the mature landfill leachate, which is characterized by a high concentration of ammonia nitrogen (nh3-n) and humic acid (ha), poses a challenge to biotreatment methods, due to the constituent toxicity and low biodegradable fraction of the organics. in this study, we applied bioaugmentation technology in landfill leachate degradation by introducing a domesticated nh3-n and ha resistant bacteria strain, which was identified as bacillus cereus (abbreviated as b. cereus jlu) and enterococcus casseli ... | 2014 | 24690637 |
| metformin is associated with higher relative abundance of mucin-degrading akkermansia muciniphila and several short-chain fatty acid-producing microbiota in the gut. | recent studies suggest the beneficial effects of metformin on glucose metabolism may be microbially mediated. we examined the association of type 2 diabetes, metformin, and gut microbiota in community-dwelling colombian adults. on the basis of previous research, we hypothesized that metformin is associated with higher levels of short-chain fatty acid (scfa)-producing and mucin-degrading microbiota. | 2017 | 27999002 |
| antibacterial activity of glucomoringin bioactivated with myrosinase against two important pathogens affecting the health of long-term patients in hospitals. | glucosinolates (gls) are natural compounds present in species of the order brassicales and precursors of bioactive isothiocyanates (itcs). in the recent years, they have been studied mainly for their chemopreventive as well as novel chemotherapeutics properties. among them 4-(α-l-rhamnosyloxy)benzyl glucosinolate (glucomoringin; gmg), purified from seeds of moringa oleifera lam., a plant belonging to the moringaceae family, represents an uncommon member of the gl family with peculiar characteris ... | 2013 | 24264136 |
| microbiological quality of ready-to-eat salads: an underestimated vehicle of bacteria and clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes. | the increase demand for fresh vegetables is causing an expansion of the market for minimally processed vegetables along with new recognized food safety problems. to gain further insight on this topic we analyzed the microbiological quality of portuguese ready-to-eat salads (rts) and their role in the spread of bacteria carrying acquired antibiotic resistance genes, food products scarcely considered in surveillance studies. a total of 50 rts (7 brands; split or mixed leaves, carrot, corn) were co ... | 2013 | 24036261 |
| pathogenicity of bacteria isolated from gut of spodoptera litura (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and fitness costs of insect associated with consumption of bacteria. | gut microbes contribute to the health of insects and perturbations in the composition or location of gut microbiota can lead to pathological states and host mortality. we explored the culturable bacterial community in the gut of spodoptera litura (fab.) larvae, which is a polyphagous pest. bacterial isolates were identified as microbacterium arborescens (sl6), enterococcus casseliflavus (sl10) and enterobacter cloacae (sl11) by using culture dependent technique based on 16s rrna gene sequencing. ... | 2015 | 25725116 |
| phytochemical screening: antioxidant and antibacterial properties of potamogeton species in order to obtain valuable feed additives. | the alcoholic extracts from three submerged perennial plants potamogeton crispus l., p. pusillus l. and p. pectinatus l. were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with solid phase microextraction (spme-gc/ms) and by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and their volatile fingerprint and polyphenols composition was mutually compared. twenty-nine chemical compounds were detected and identified in ethanolic and methanolic extracts; the highest abundance (over 5%) in des ... | 2015 | 26369590 |
| antimicrobial resistance and virulence profile of enterococci isolated from poultry and cattle sources in nigeria. | this study investigated the occurrence, antimicrobial resistance and virulence of enterococcus from poultry and cattle farms. three hundred and ninety samples: cloacal/rectal swabs (n = 260) and manure (n = 130] were processed for recovery of enterococcus species. standard bacteriological methods were used to isolate, identify and characterize enterococcus species for antimicrobial susceptibility and expression of virulence traits. detection of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes was carri ... | 2017 | 27987112 |
| significance and survival of enterococci during the house fly development. | house flies are among the most important nonbiting insect pests of medical and veterinary importance. larvae develop in decaying organic substrates and their survival strictly depends on an active microbial community. house flies have been implicated in the ecology and transmission of enterococci, including multi-antibiotic-resistant and virulent strains of enterococcus faecalis. in this study, eight american type culture collection type strains of enterococci including enterococcus avium, enter ... | 2014 | 24605454 |
| a 10-year profile of enterococcal bloodstream infections at a tertiary-care hospital in japan. | the first aim of this study is to characterize the epidemiology of enterococcal bloodstream infections (bsis) at a japanese tertiary-care hospital. the second aim is to identify predictive factors for 30-day mortality. | 2017 | 28385565 |
| safety assessment of commensal enterococci from dogs. | enterococci form a complex, diverse, and very important group of bacteria from the technological and food safety aspect, or from the health-improving aspect as probiotics. generally, enterococci are considered to be of low pathogenic potential, which is associated mostly with clinical strains. in these strains, production of virulence factors as well as resistance to many antimicrobial drugs could complicate treatment of nosocomial infections. because there is a lack of information on incidence ... | 2017 | 28316009 |
| maldi-tof mass spectrometry as a useful tool for identification of enterococcus spp. from wild birds and differentiation of closely related species. | the aim of this study was to explore the accuracy and feasibility of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) in identifying bacteria from environmental sources, as compared to rpoa gene sequencing, and to evaluate the occurrence of bacteria of the genus enterococcus in wild birds. in addition, a phyloproteomic analysis of certain enterococcus species with spectral relationships was performed. the enterococci were isolated from 25 species of wil ... | 2017 | 28285496 |
| comparative genomics of enterococcus spp. isolated from bovine feces. | enterococcus is ubiquitous in nature and is a commensal of both the bovine and human gastrointestinal (gi) tract. it is also associated with clinical infections in humans. subtherapeutic administration of antibiotics to cattle selects for antibiotic resistant enterococci in the bovine gi tract. antibiotic resistance genes (args) may be present in enterococci following antibiotic use in cattle. if located on mobile genetic elements (mges) their dissemination between enterococcus species and to pa ... | 2017 | 28270110 |