| human immunodeficiency virus-related kaposi's sarcoma of the appendix and acute appendicitis. report of a case and review of the literature. | we describe a case of acute appendicitis precipitated by human immunodeficiency virus-related kaposi's sarcoma of the appendix. this presentation in an otherwise asymptomatic homosexual man led to the establishment of a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. immediate follow-up revealed multicentric gastrointestinal involvement by kaposi's sarcoma, and skin involvement ensued in 2 months. salient features of this case and two other similar reports in the literature are highlighted. | 1991 | 1747034 |
| lymphadenopathic tumor exhibiting intermingled features of kaposi's sarcoma, malignant lymphoma, and angiofollicular hyperplasia. | a 56-year-old man presented with an inguinal lymph node enlargement. histologic study of the tumor revealed three intermingled pathologic lesions: a nodular small cell lymphoma, an angiofollicular hyperplasia of vasculohyaline type, and a vascular neoplasia closely resembling kaposi's sarcoma. the patient was immunocompetent and denied any homosexual relationships, transfusions, or drug use. the serum was negative for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus antibody. computed tomographic sc ... | 1991 | 1747036 |
| pathogenesis of hiv-related malignancies. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1 infection is associated with increased frequency of kaposi's sarcoma and high-grade b-cell lymphoma. several other cancers in hiv-1-infected individuals have been reported, although without statistically significant increase in their respective occurrences. although hiv-1 does not infect either kaposi's sarcoma-derived spindle cells or b lymphocytes in vivo, viral proteins in vitro have been shown to be mitogenic to both kaposi's sarcoma-derived spindle cells ... | 1991 | 1751580 |
| proteins of aids virus may link aids and kaposi's sarcoma. | | 1991 | 1764338 |
| the epidemiology of classic, african, and immunosuppressed kaposi's sarcoma. | the etiology of kaposi's sarcoma remains somewhat obscure. while lesions of classic kaposi's sarcoma, african kaposi's sarcoma, and immunosuppressed kaposi's sarcoma have been found to be indistinguishable from one another, the reasons for the variations in type and severity have not been established. the origin of the spindle cell is yet to be agreed on. geographic variation does not seem as important as ethnic variation. the very young and the very old, perhaps two ages of weakened immunity, t ... | 1991 | 1765111 |
| [kaposi's sarcoma located in the upper digestive tract. apropos a case]. | a case of rectal and gastric location of kaposi's sarcoma is reported. although the typical location is cutaneous, gastrointestinal involvement of kaposi's sarcoma is not an uncommon finding. usually, it is detected when endoscopic, radiologic and autopsy studies are performed in patients with previous aids diagnosis. the patient we herein report ignored to be affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). he had not shown any sign or symptom for aids to be suspected. presenting symptoms we ... | 1991 | 1768473 |
| endemic kaposi's sarcoma in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seronegative persons: demonstration of retrovirus-like particles in cutaneous lesions. | | 1991 | 1782744 |
| [hodgkin's disease, kaposi's sarcoma and infection by the human immunodeficiency virus]. | | 1991 | 1790289 |
| molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a tumor of mesenchymal origin of unclear etiology and pathogenesis. the epidemic form of ks (aids-associated) occurs in up to 30% of hiv-1 infected individuals with lesions characterized by mixed cellularity, spindle cells proliferation and neoangiogenesis. the establishment of in vitro and in vivo model systems (aids-ks cell cultures and nude mouse) have allowed studies toward the understanding of the pathogenesis of ks. the data presented here support the hypothesis th ... | 1991 | 1805571 |
| hplc determination of doxorubicin, doxorubicinol and four aglycone metabolites in plasma of aids patients. | a high-performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) assay has been developed for the determination of the anticancer drug doxorubicin and the metabolites doxorubicinol, doxorubicinone, 7-deoxydoxorubicinone, doxorubicinolone and 7-deoxydoxorubicinolone in plasma of aids patients. samples can be heated at 60 degrees c for 30 min to inactivate the human immunodeficiency virus. the sample pre-treatment involves a liquid-liquid extraction of the buffered plasma sample (ph 9) with a chloroform-1-propano ... | 1991 | 1822225 |
| erythema elevatum diutinum in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. another clinical simulator of kaposi's sarcoma. | several types of vasculitis have been described in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. erythema elevatum diutinum is a rare variant of cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis which, with the exception of the case reported herein, has been described only once in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. our male patient, a longtime intravenous drug abuser, had cutaneous lesions, closely resembling kaposi's sarcoma, on the extensor surfaces of the lower extremities. cutaneous ... | 1991 | 1845281 |
| a clinicopathologic study of lymphoid neoplasias associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection in italy. | the clinicopathologic features of 45 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients (mainly intravenous drug users [ivdu]) with lymphoid neoplasias seen from september 1984 through july 1990 at an italian cancer center are reviewed. thirty-five had systemic non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl), and ten had hodgkin's disease (hd). histologically, 27 nhl cases were intermediate grade (five cases) or high grade (22 cases, 14 of the small noncleaved cell type), according to the working formulation. ei ... | 1991 | 1855183 |
| kaposi's sarcoma among aids patients: transmissible venereal tumour by cell engraftment? | the epidemiologic findings of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) suggest that human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is insufficient for the development of ks. it was speculated that another sexually transmitted infection is responsible for the markedly increased incidence of ks among patients who acquired hiv infection through sexual intercourse. however, no such contributing infectious agent was consistently identified. the canine tran ... | 1991 | 1865840 |
| angiosarcoma arising in kaposi's sarcoma (pleomorphic kaposi's sarcoma) in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus disease. armed forces retroviral research group. | | 1991 | 1869659 |
| kaposi's sarcoma in a child after autologous bone marrow transplantation for non-hodgkin's lymphoma. | a case of kaposi's sarcoma in a child with no serologic evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is reported. a 7-year-old boy with stage iv non-hodgkin's lymphoma, after conventional chemotherapy, underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation (abmt). five months later he presented with supraclavicular mass and mediastinal enlargement. a bone marrow biopsy showed hypoplasia with no signs of the underlying disease, whereas the excised mass revealed a typical histologic pattern ... | 1991 | 1873788 |
| hiv-related malignancies. | since the recognition of kaposi's sarcoma as a manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, subsequent malignancies such as non-hodgkin's b-cell lymphoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma have been found to be associated with individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and current concepts of pathogenesis are reviewed in this article. in addition, the relation between hiv and other malignancies, including hodg ... | 1991 | 1873928 |
| experience with rehabilitation in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) represent a novel referral population for rehabilitation services. limited information about the rehabilitation needs of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection is available. we reviewed 51 consecutive patients with aids referred to a rehabilitation consult service. common problems encountered included generalized deconditioning (27%) and neurologic dysfunction (45%). neurologic presentations were diverse and included he ... | 1991 | 1878178 |
| cutaneous manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. part i. | the prevalence of dermatologic problems during the course of human immunodeficiency virus infection makes knowledge of these skin manifestations imperative to all practicing dermatologists. detection of early infection is encouraged as effective therapy now exists both to delay the progression of human immunodeficiency virus-induced immunodeficiency and to prevent opportunistic infections. skin manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection discussed in this article include the followi ... | 1991 | 1892408 |
| otolaryngology problems in the immune compromised patient--an evolving natural history. | as the human immunodeficiency virus is being detected in increasing numbers of asymptomatic individuals at risk, newer earlier patterns of disease have become apparent--including cranial and cervical herpes zoster, oral hairy leukoplakia, and oral candidiasis--thus linking viral and other disease to the development of acquired immunodeficiency disease (aids). many similarities between patients with aids and other immunosuppressed patients have emerged. as immunosuppressed patients survive longer ... | 1991 | 1901147 |
| hla disease association and protection in hiv infection among african americans and caucasians. | in a previous investigation, we demonstrated an increased progression of overt aids in the african american population compared to the caucasian population as reflected by the significantly lower absolute number of cd4+ lymphocytes detected in the african american population in an earlier study. the present study elucidates some of the possible genetic factors which may contribute to disease association or protection against hiv infection. the hla phenotypes expressed as a, b, c, dr and dqw anti ... | 1991 | 1910527 |
| vitiligo and chronic photosensitivity in human immunodeficiency virus infection. | a 56-year-old man was admitted with hemiparesis and shortness of breath. he was positive to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibody and was diagnosed as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) with kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. he developed chronic photosensitivity and vitiligo preceding the onset of the aids-related complex (arc). association of the two skin lesions with hiv infection is very rare. although the role of hiv infection in these skin lesions is not sign ... | 1991 | 1920968 |
| adverse virus-drug interactions. | over the last 3 decades, epidemiologists and clinicians have identified a few clinical entities that appear to result when a viral infection and a chemical exposure overlap and interact. ampicillin rash during infectious mononucleosis, reye's syndrome following salicylate ingestion and certain viral infections, and the association of aids-related kaposi's sarcoma with abuse of nitrite inhalants and infection due to human immunodeficiency virus are examples of such phenomena. preclinical research ... | 1991 | 1925290 |
| endothelial cells transformed by sv40 t antigen cause kaposi's sarcomalike tumors in nude mice. | injection into nude mice of a well-differentiated sv40 t-antigen-transformed murine endothelial cell (ec) line results in widespread invasive tumors confined to connective tissues. the tumors, which do not metastasize, consist of both host-derived cells and transformed ec, displaying histologic features typical of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). although the ec is believed to be the cell of origin in ks, this has not been proven and is the subject of debate. the unusual tumorigenicity of this transformed ... | 1991 | 1928299 |
| human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphoma. prognostic factors predictive of survival. | in an attempt to determine factors predictive of survival in patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids)-related lymphoma, the authors studied 60 such patients, all of whom were treated with curative intent. eleven patients presented with lymphoma primary to the brain (p-cns); the remaining 49 had systemic aids-related lymphoma. patients with p-cns lymphoma had more severe underlying hiv-related disease than did patients with syste ... | 1991 | 1933784 |
| gastric adenocarcinoma associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. | gastric adenocarcinoma developed in a 33-year-old homosexual man with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. this type of cancer is very rare in a man of his young age and in the absence of other factors. the tumor was aggressive and led to rapid death. whereas kaposi's sarcoma and lymphomas have been associated with hiv, there are only a few documented cases of adenocarcinoma associated with a suppressed immune system. the association between hiv infection and the virulence of this tumor ... | 1991 | 1938507 |
| the role of alpha-interferon in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | alpha-interferon (ifn alpha) blocks replication of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1 in vitro by interfering with the release of mature virions. clinical trials have addressed the in vivo effects of ifn alpha, both alone and in combination with other agents, in a variety of patients at all stages of hiv-1 infection. patients with late stages of hiv-1 infection (cd4 counts under 100) show few positive results following treatment with ifn alpha. patients with earlier stages of hiv infection, ho ... | 1991 | 1948129 |
| hypothyroidism due to destruction of the thyroid by kaposi's sarcoma. | a case of hypothyroidism that manifested as depression and deteriorating functional status and that ultimately resulted in the death of a 41-year-old patient with aids is described. postmortem examination revealed destruction of the thyroid gland by kaposi's sarcoma. analysis of stored serum samples revealed that the patient had become profoundly hypothyroid during his terminal illness. practitioners are reminded of the need to exclude metabolic causes when treating encephalopathy in patients in ... | 1991 | 1962092 |
| [x-ray pulmonary manifestations in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus]. | altogether 155 patients with a newly detected positive reaction to hiv (a human immunodeficiency virus) were investigated in the republic of burundi. chest x-ray was done in 80 of them. pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 2 of them, pneumonia (chronic, interstitial and bronchial)--in 15. enhancement and deformity of lung marking were detected in 45 patients (coincidence with clinical signs of acute bronchitis was found but in 5 of them). a conclusion has been made of interstitial pneumonias ... | 1991 | 1962422 |
| opportunistic infections of the esophagus not responding to oral systemic antifungals in patients with aids: their frequency and treatment. | to determine the spectrum of esophageal disease responsible for dysphagia/odynophagia in aids patients not responding to current oral antifungals, we studied 49 consecutive patients whose esophageal symptoms failed to improve after a minimum of 3 wk of therapy with oral ketoconazole or fluconazole. an esophageal candidiasis resistant to oral antifungals was the most frequent disease found (22 single infections and four mixed with viruses). viral esophagitis was identified in 13 cases (eight herp ... | 1991 | 1962617 |
| kaposi's sarcoma among persons with aids: a sexually transmitted infection? | in the united states kaposi's sarcoma is at least 20,000 times more common in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) than in the general population and 300 times more common than in other immunosuppressed groups. among persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) reported to centers for disease control by march 31, 1989, 15% (13,616) had kaposi's sarcoma. kaposi's sarcoma was commoner among those who had acquired the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) by sexual cont ... | 1990 | 1967430 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | the occurrence of unusual infections, in particular pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the rare neoplasm kaposi's sarcoma, in previously healthy homosexual men in the late 1970s heralded the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus infection, the most severe form of which is the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1990 | 1979021 |
| oral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. | oral candidiasis, herpetic lesions, oral mucosal warts, human immunodeficiency virus-associated gingivitis and periodontitis, kaposi's sarcoma, hairy leukoplakia, and non-hodgkin's lymphoma are oral manifestations of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. this paper will explain how to identify these lesions, their significance, and recommended treatments. | 1991 | 1993402 |
| pulmonary tolerance of prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. | the effects of primary and secondary long-term prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with aerosolized pentamidine on pulmonary function in hiv+ patients were evaluated. eighty-one patients, none of whom were drug addicts or had pulmonary kaposi's sarcoma, were studied. fifty patients were receiving ap as secondary prophylaxis, 36 monthly and 14 twice-monthly; eight patients with a history of pcp served as control subjects. twenty-three patients were receiving ap as primary prophylaxis, 1 ... | 1991 | 1995216 |
| urological manifestations of hiv-related disease. a case of aids-associated testicular seminoma, kaposi's sarcoma and possible intracranial lymphoma. | a wide variety of pathologies afflicting the genitourinary tract can be displayed by patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), including both infective and neoplastic conditions. treatment can often be offered for such conditions using a combination of therapeutic approaches. these conditions should be looked for specifically in patients with hiv infection as treatment may improve their quality of life. a case is presented of a testicular seminoma (appearing in association w ... | 1991 | 2004234 |
| oral manifestations of aids: an overview. | infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) may cause a variety of oral lesions, such as candidiasis, periodontal disease, hairy leukoplakia, kaposi's sarcoma and a number of miscellaneous lesions and conditions. one hundred hiv-infected patients, including aids patients, referred to a university hospital in amsterdam, were examined orally. most patients were initially seen by the department of internal medicine, the oral examination by a well-trained dentist being part of the routine ... | 1991 | 2004836 |
| increasing incidence of cancers associated with the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic. | we examined data from san francisco and other areas participating in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (seer) program to determine the effect of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic on cancer incidence between 1973 and 1987. in this period, non-hodgkin's lymphoma incidence has increased over 10-fold and kaposi's sarcoma incidence has increased over 5000-fold in single san francisco men 20 to 49 years of age. increases in non-hodgkin's lymphoma have been restricted to hig ... | 1991 | 2004849 |
| pancreatic involvement in human immunodeficiency virus infection. | involvement of the pancreas by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has not been adequately addressed and is the object of this review. i analyzed the english language literature, including single case reports of pancreatic involvement and larger series reporting detailed pathological findings of patients with hiv infection. nonspecific pathological changes in the pancreas are frequently seen at autopsy of hiv-infected patients, but are not more common than in controls. several types of ... | 1991 | 2007747 |
| characterization of long-term survivors of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the long-term survivor collaborative study group. | of 4,073 reported patients diagnosed with aids from 1978 through 1983, 821 (20%) were not reported to be dead by january 1987. of these apparent long-term survivors, 780 (95%) were reported from 14 states or from local areas where collaborating health departments conducted special follow-up investigations: 119 (15%) were found to be alive, 475 (61%) were dead, and 186 (24%) were lost to follow-up. health departments obtained consent to collect additional clinical and laboratory information on 48 ... | 1991 | 2007973 |
| non-hodgkin's lymphoma in patients with advanced hiv infection treated with zidovudine. | we wished to determine the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus-related high-grade non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) and identify factors associated with the development of nhl in patients receiving zidovudine. data are from a 2-year prospective, observational, multisite study of 1030 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and advanced aids-related complex who received zidovudine. non-hodgkin's lymphoma developed in 24 (2.3%) of 1030 patients who received zidovudine during 1 ... | 1991 | 2013953 |
| hiv replication and persistence in human gastrointestinal cells cultured in vitro. | epithelial and submucosal mesenchymal (sm) cells from normal human small intestine and colon could be directly infected by several strains of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). macrophage-derived virus strains were more potent than the htlviiib prototype strain. persistent release of virus over several months implies that the human gastrointestinal tract may serve as a site for primary infection and as a reservoir for the virus. furthermore, hiv infection of sm cells may be an in vitro mode ... | 1991 | 2016570 |
| granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mitigates the neutropenia of combined interferon alfa and zidovudine treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated kaposi's sarcoma. | the combined use of zidovudine (zdv) and interferon (ifn) alfa-2a has been shown to have antiretroviral and antitumor potential benefit in the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids)-associated kaposi's sarcoma (ks). however, the clinical use of this combination is frequently complicated by the overlapping myelotoxicity of these agents. we report here the results of a phase i/ii study in which granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) was used for those ks patient ... | 1991 | 2016623 |
| antiretroviral therapy and immunomodulators in patients with aids. | a number of studies have illustrated the effectiveness of hematopoietic growth factors in managing treatment-related cytopenias in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. one of these factors, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, has been shown to restore absolute neutrophil counts in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and kaposi's sarcoma receiving a combination of zidovudine (azt) and interferon alfa. a combination of granulocyte colony-sti ... | 1991 | 2018046 |
| antiretroviral therapy in combination with interferon for aids-related kaposi's sarcoma. | in vitro studies have shown that 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine, azt) and interferon synergistically inhibit the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at concentrations achievable in patients. interferon alfa can cause lesions to regress in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related kaposi's sarcoma (ks). although zidovudine has no significant effect on the regression of these lesions, it does have antivira ... | 1991 | 2018047 |
| pathogenesis of aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a mesenchymal tumor of unclear etiopathogenesis. the epidemic form of ks occurs in up to 30% of hiv-infected individuals with lesions that have mixed cellularity, spindle cell proliferation, and neoangiogenesis. although not completely defined, the spindle cells, thought to be the tumor cells of ks, are of mesenchymal cell origin, with features resembling endothelial and smooth muscle cells. the establishment of in vitro and in vivo model systems (aids-ks cell culture an ... | 1991 | 2022594 |
| oral kaposi's sarcoma in a woman as a first indication of hiv infection. | although kaposi's sarcoma has been well described in homosexual men at risk for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, there have been fewer reports of ks in women, and most of these have been in women who became infected with hiv through intravenous drug use. this report describes a woman who had no history of intravenous drug use in whom intraoral ks and hairy leukoplakia were the first indication of her infection with hiv. | 1991 | 2022789 |
| periodontitis as an early presentation of hiv infection. | to determine whether the presence of rapidly progressive periodontitis (rpp) in people at high risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) may be the first symptom of previously unrecognized human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. | 1991 | 2025822 |
| [hodgkin's lymphoma and kaposi's sarcoma in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: an infrequent association?]. | | 1991 | 2033979 |
| neurologic disorders and dermatologic manifestations in hiv-infected children. | cutaneous manifestations of hiv infections in childhood are common but are not the dermatologic lesions associated with hiv infection in adults. for example, kaposi's sarcoma, a common finding in adults with aids, is rare in children. other cutaneous manifestations, including bacterial and fungal lesions and viral exanthems, are common in children with aids and can be atypical and severe. because 90% of the pediatric aids population acquires the virus via maternal transmission to the fetus, a dy ... | 1991 | 2047317 |
| dermatophytosis mimicking kaposi's sarcoma in human immunodeficiency virus disease. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is an important finding in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), with a distinctive spectrum of clinical presentations. three cases of dermatophytosis in hiv-infected patients are presented which clinically mimic the appearance of ks. this new observation underscores the importance of histopathologic examination in the evaluation of skin lesions suspicious for the diagnosis of ks. the other clinical mimickers of ks are reviewed. | 1991 | 2050235 |
| linkage and independence of aids and kaposi disease: the interaction of human immunodeficiency virus and some coagents. | through epidemiological considerations we conclude that full-blown aids may occur only if the index patient is infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and, in addition, by some other infectious coagent. since the dynamical behavior of the spread of aids cases with manifestation of kaposi's sarcoma differs fundamentally from that of the non-kaposi cases, we conjecture that two independent coagents (together with hiv) are responsible for the outbreak of full-blown aids with or without m ... | 1991 | 2050419 |
| [kaposi's sarcoma associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a clinical, histological, immunohistochemical, serological and development review]. | a clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical, serological and evolutive review was carried out in 12 cases of kaposi's sarcoma, representing 5.5% (12/217) of the hiv positive patients consecutively seen during an 18 month period. | 1991 | 2051827 |
| kaposi's sarcoma in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative homosexual man. | | 1991 | 2056211 |
| [the etiology of kaposi's sarcoma]. | | 1991 | 2056802 |
| human immunodeficiency virus infection and the skin. | the skin is commonly affected in the course of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. in many cases, skin findings may be the earliest sign of hiv disease or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. when cutaneous diseases occur in unusual settings, such as zoster in a young individual, are increased in severity or fail to respond to routine therapy, the possibility of underlying immunodeficiency should be suspected. skin diseases in hiv-infected hosts include primary infections, such as those ... | 1991 | 2064480 |
| human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection codes and new codes for kaposi's sarcoma. | these addenda for volumes 1 and 2 of the international classification of diseases, 9th revision, clinical modification (icd-9-cm), are reported by the world health organization collaborating center for classification of diseases for north america at the national center for health statistics. these addenda replace the addendum containing codes for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection (042.0-044.9) that were effective january 1, 1988. these addenda will be effective october 1, 1991, and ar ... | 1991 | 2072890 |
| [otorhinolaryngologic manifestations in patients infected by the acquired immunodeficiency virus]. | patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection often present signs and symptoms referable to the head and neck. we reviewed the clinical histories of 110 hiv-positive patients who presented head and neck manifestations. 48 (43.6%) had head and neck signs and/or symptoms as initial manifestation of the syndrome. 40 (36.3%) had oral candidiasis, 18 (16.36%) kaposi's sarcoma, 11 (10%) herpes, 5 (4.5%) hairy leucoplakia and 4 (3.6%) lymphoma. | 1990 | 2076306 |
| paranasal sinus burkitt's lymphoma in a human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) positive male. | patients infected with the hiv virus have been reported to develop several malignant neoplasms, the most frequent of which is kaposi's sarcoma. although an increasing number of lymphomas, primarily non-hodgkin's lymphomas, have been described who are hiv seropositive, few cases of burkitt's lymphoma have been reported in patients. we report a case of an hiv-seropositive man who had paranasal sinus burkitt's lymphoma underlying chronic maxillary sinusitis. successful remission was achieved with c ... | 1990 | 2079010 |
| [kaposi's sarcoma associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. an analysis of 67 cases with a study of the prognostic factors]. | the features and prognostic factors of 67 cases of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) associated to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) diagnosed at the hospital clinic, barcelona, are analyzed. all the patients were male; mean age was 39.7 years, ranging from 22 and 62 years. 64 were homosexuals (95.5%), two were homosexual-drug addicts (3%) and one was drug addict (1.5%). prevalence of cytomegalovirus and herpes virus infections were 91.1% and 89.5% respectively. in 42 cases (62.7%) ks was the in ... | 1990 | 2084399 |
| [hiv-associated periodontal lesions]. | during hiv infection different lesions may occur in the area of the gingiva and/or the periodontium. an increased frequency and severity of periodontal diseases has been observed. different forms of candida albicans infection have been clinically characterized as pseudomembranous, erythematous (atrophic) or hyperplastic form or as papillary variant. while infection with candida albicans may occur frequently in other areas of the oral mucosa, candidiasis of the gingiva seems to be quite rare. due ... | 1990 | 2100235 |
| prognostic significance of quantitative levels of hiv p24 binding capacity in hiv infection. | human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (hiv-1), produces a chronic infection with a long latency before clinical disease. we followed 214 untreated subjects for 12-42 months to study the natural history of hiv infection: 110 were classified as asymptomatic, 11 as aids-related complex (arc), 15 as aids with kaposi's sarcoma (ks), 31 as aids with opportunistic infections (aids/oi), and 47 were hiv-seronegative controls. the quantitative capacity of serum to complex hiv p24 antigen, termed the p24 bi ... | 1990 | 2111160 |
| kaposi's sarcoma in immunosuppression. possibly the result of a dual viral infection. | kaposi's sarcoma of the gingiva and skin developed in an hiv-negative renal transplant patient while he was receiving cyclosporine therapy. the kaposi's sarcoma developed shortly after the patient had an acute infection with cytomegalovirus (cmv). electron microscopy of the tumor's established cell line showed two types of virus-like particles. cmv dna was identifiable in the cell line whereas infectious cmv could be isolated only after repeated passages (only after 3 months of culture). the oth ... | 1990 | 2153430 |
| [kaposi's sarcoma]. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) (kaposi, 1872) is classified into at least three forms: 1) the classic form; in elderly men of southern european, jewish, and italian origin, 2) the endemic form; among native populations in equatorial africa and 3) the epidemic form; as a complication of aids. as one additional form could be posttransplantation ks in organ transplant recipients. histologically, ks is composed of two characteristic features; a proliferation of angiomatous lesion and of spindle-shaped cells. ... | 1990 | 2157369 |
| moloney murine sarcoma virus 349 induces kaposi's sarcomalike lesions in balb/c mice. | moloney murine sarcoma virus (momusv349) is produced by musv349 cells in at least eight-fold excess over the replication-competent helper virus. less than 48-hours-old balb/c mice inoculated intraperitoneally with supernatant from musv349 cells containing approximately 10(4) musv349 infectious units developed clinical symptoms, including severe generalized wasting, 15 to 20 days after inoculation. these infected mice became moribund 35 to 45 days after inoculation. gross examination of the bodie ... | 1990 | 2158239 |
| [aids and gastrointestinal tract: a summary for gastroenterologists and surgeons]. | the majority of patients with aids suffer from diarrhea and weight loss, as well as opportunistic infection and tumors of the gastrointestinal tract; endoscopy is frequently necessary. often, but not always, it is possible to identify an opportunistic tumor or infection which explains the patient's signs and symptoms. in other cases, hiv may itself be pathogenic. the most important opportunistic pathogens are candida albicans (stomatitis and esophagitis), cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus ... | 1990 | 2159657 |
| opportunistic agents in bronchoalveolar lavage in 99 hiv seropositive patients. | during a ten month period, 117 fibreoptic bronchoscopies and bronchoalveolar lavages (bal) were performed in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients suspected of having opportunistic pulmonary infections. the bal were classified into 3 groups, according to clinical manifestations related to hiv infection at the time of fibreoptic bronchoscopy: pre-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) (n = 54), aids with kaposi's sarcoma (n = 37), aids without kaposi's sarcoma (n = 26). on chest ... | 1990 | 2160374 |
| cytomegalovirus in the lungs of patients with aids. respiratory pathogen or passenger? | a total of 166 consecutive clinical episodes of pneumonitis in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) or antibody positive for human immune deficiency virus (hiv) were investigated for evidence of cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection in their lungs and at peripheral sites to determine the pathogenicity of this virus in the lung and its relationship to peripheral cmv shedding. evidence of cmv infection was sought in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid, blood, saliva, and urine using a ... | 1990 | 2161629 |
| possible cofactors for the development of aids-related neoplasms. | because of the various neoplastic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and the variable period between hiv infection and the development of tumors related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), it is possible that certain behaviors, toxins, genes, or infectious agents--particularly viruses--may act as cofactors in the pathogenesis of aids-related neoplasms. most epidemiologic and laboratory investigations of possible cofactors have been directed toward kaposi's sarcoma (ks ... | 1990 | 2167169 |
| association of epstein-barr virus in epithelioid angiomatosis of aids patients. | epithelioid angiomatosis, hemangioma-like vascular proliferations recently described in aids patients, has been associated with the cat scratch disease bacillus. other vascular lesions present in aids patients, in particular kaposi's sarcoma, have been associated with cytomegalovirus (cmv). we investigated the possibility of viral association with epithelioid angiomatosis by analyzing two such lesions, as well as unrelated concurrent skin lesions, for the presence of viral genetic information. c ... | 1990 | 2169709 |
| endemic kaposi's sarcoma in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seronegative persons: demonstration of retrovirus-like particles in cutaneous lesions. | in 1984, greek physicians reported on the clustering of cases of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) on the peloponnesus peninsula. to gain more insight into its pathogenesis, we studied the seroepidemiologic and clinicopathologic characteristics of 12 greek ks patients (eight male/four female) five of whom were residents of an endemic area on the peloponnesus. these patients were in good general health with ages ranging from 48 to 80 years, had no clinical signs of immunodeficiency, and combined the features ... | 1990 | 2170537 |
| human immunodeficiency virus infection in women: report of 102 cases. | we examined surgical specimens from 19 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seropositive females and 83 females with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) to determine (a) frequency of opportunistic infections (oi) and malignancies, (b) differences or similarities between different risk groups, and (c) differences or similarities when compared with men having aids. a risk factor was identified in 86 patients (72 aids and 14 hiv seropositive), of whom the majority were intravenous drug abusers ... | 1990 | 2172959 |
| characterization of bk virus variants rescued from human tumours and tumour cell lines. | episomal bk virus (bkv) dna was detected in primary human brain tumours, in kaposi's sarcoma and in cell lines from brain tumours. ewing sarcoma and osteogenic sarcoma. infectious bkv was rescued from several tumours and tumour cell lines by transfection of total cellular dna into human embryonic fibroblasts. restriction endonuclease and nucleotide sequence analysis showed that all the rescued viruses are similar to bkv-ir, a bk variant previously isolated from a human tumour of pancreatic islet ... | 1990 | 2174963 |
| nuclear medicine and aids. | over the last decade the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) has become one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality both in europe and the united states. the disease is due to infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), which results in progressive loss of cellular immunity; consequently, patients are susceptible to both typical infections with high-grade pathogens and also low-grade opportunistic organisms. in addition, different cancers such as kaposi's sarcoma and non- ... | 1990 | 2178932 |
| reduction of circulating hiv antigens in seropositive patients after treatment with al-721. | sixteen patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) at different stages participated in an open trial using the lipid mixture al-721. seven patients were antigen negative and asymptomatic and the other nine antigen positive, three of whom were virtually asymptomatic. al-721 was given per os once a day at a dose of 10 g in a fat-free breakfast for up to 16 months. the presence of hiv antigens in the serum was monitored by enzyme immunoassay (eia) using two commercial kits. in fiv ... | 1990 | 2179157 |
| diagnostic and therapeutic technology assessment. prophylactic treatment for opportunistic infections in hiv-positive patients: aerosolized pentamidine. | the datta panelists considered aerosolized pentamidine to be both safe and effective for primary and secondary prophylaxis of pcp. t4 helper cell counts offer guidance as to the best candidates for primary prophylaxis. patients with a t4 helper cell count of fewer than 200/mm3 are the most appropriate group to receive primary prophylaxis with aerosolized pentamidine. however, t4 helper cell counts are not an exclusive criterion for aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. some datta panelists sugges ... | 1990 | 2184263 |
| tat protein of hiv-1 stimulates growth of cells derived from kaposi's sarcoma lesions of aids patients. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1) infection. supernatants from hiv-1-infected t cells carrying the cd4 antigen promote the growth of cells derived from ks lesions of aids patients (aids-ks cells), and the hiv-1 tat gene, introduced into the germ line of mice, induces skin lesions closely resembling ks. here we report that the tat gene product (tat) is released from both hiv-1-acutely infected h9 cells and tat-transfected cos-1 cells. these ... | 1990 | 2184372 |
| kaposi's sarcoma puzzle begins to yield. | | 1990 | 2184517 |
| cancer in ataxia-telangiectasia patients. | a gene locus for ataxia-telangiectasia (a-t) is in chromosome region 11q22 to 11q23 and predisposes to cancer. ataxia-telangiectasia patients appear to have two separate clinical patterns of malignancy. one pattern involves solid tumors, which have not been stressed and which include malignancies in the oral cavity, breast, stomach, pancreas, ovary, and bladder. detection of a solid tumor in an a-t patient should serve as a warning. it heralds a markedly elevated risk of another malignancy in th ... | 1990 | 2184934 |
| changes in cutaneous kaposi's sarcoma in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: follow-up to a controlled hyperimmunization trial. | | 1990 | 2189364 |
| dermatologic manifestations of hiv infection. | nearly all patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) will develop cutaneous or mucous membrane manifestations. oral cavity lesions associated with hiv disease include candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia and kaposi's sarcoma. skin infections such as herpes simplex, herpes zoster, molluscum contagiosum, staphylococcus aureus folliculitis and warts are often more severe than usual and may be refractory to therapy. seborrheic dermatitis is the most common cutaneous eruption. the appea ... | 1990 | 2190455 |
| aids: epidemiologic features. | at the end of october 1988, more than 75,000 adults and more than 1000 children had been reported with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids); more than half of those diagnosed have died. most adult cases fall into specific risk categories: homosexual and bisexual men, intravenous drug abusers, hemophiliacs and transfusion recipients, and heterosexual partners of infected persons. these categories are related to the known transmission routes of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). in child ... | 1990 | 2193943 |
| the changing incidence of kaposi's sarcoma among patients with aids. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks), the most common cancer in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), occurs predominantly in homosexual men. however, the percentage of homosexual aids patients with ks has declined during the past 6 years. this and other findings suggest that one or more cofactors associated with the homosexual lifestyle, rather than a special viral strain, probably influence the development of ks in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). possible rea ... | 1990 | 2193953 |
| cutaneous manifestations of hiv infection other than kaposi's sarcoma: clinical and histologic aspects. | the skin is commonly affected in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoal infections and ectoparasitic infestations may affect the skin primarily or secondarily in this patient population. in addition, common inflammatory dermatoses may be severe and persistent. furthermore, unusual inflammatory conditions not commonly seen in immunocompetent patients may occur. the more common opportunistic infectious diseases, as well as some of the in ... | 1990 | 2193955 |
| oral manifestations of hiv infection, part i. | several signs of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, such as candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, and kaposi's sarcoma, may first appear in the mouth. the dentist is in a unique position to detect the oral manifestations of hiv infection. the purpose of this review article is to provide the dentist with baseline knowledge concerning the oral manifestations of hiv infection, to help the dentist identify such lesions, and to contribute to the early diagnosis and timely treatment of hiv-positi ... | 1990 | 2198109 |
| considerations for the evaluation of antiretroviral agents in infants and children infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a perspective from the national cancer institute. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in infants and young children differs in a number of ways from that in adults. in most hiv-infected children the infection is acquired perinatally and the course of infection is more accelerated than in adults. diseases related to b cell defects and dysgammaglobulinemia (e.g., multiple or recurrent bacterial infections) predominate early in the disease, and children can be symptomatic before their cd4+ count decreases. lymphoid interstitial pneumoniti ... | 1990 | 2201073 |
| kaposi's sarcoma and aids. | | 1990 | 2202906 |
| [skin manifestations in patients with hiv infection]. | cutaneous manifestations are common in patients with hiv infection and mainly due to the immunodeficiency. in the initial stage of hiv infection, we frequently observe a rash of macular lesions. during the asymptomatic phase, the patients may typically show the following skin diseases: seborrhoic dermatitis, acneiform folliculitis, persistent herpes simplex, and infections with the human papilloma virus. in arc and aids patients, 3 groups of skin disorders are found: cutaneous infections, skin t ... | 1990 | 2205061 |
| [aids--mucous membrane manifestations]. | in the course of the infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), we frequently observe disorders of the mucous membranes and, occasionally, they present the first manifestation of hiv-induced immunodeficiency. like in other organs, opportunistic infections and malignant tumors prevail as a result of the impaired immune system. opportunistic infections are characterized by frequency (candidiasis), aggressive expansion, persistence, frequent recurrences, and resistance to therapy (gingi ... | 1990 | 2205062 |
| oral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection. | it is important that both physicians and dentists recognize the earliest signs of hiv infection in order that a timely diagnosis and patient referral can be made for counseling and treatment. candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, and kaposi's sarcoma are the most common oral manifestations, but there are other important lesions as well. they include severe necrotizing periodontitis, bacterial and viral infections, lymphomas, and carcinomas. the various oral lesions seen in patients with the acquired i ... | 1990 | 2205471 |
| relationship between aids latency period and aids survival time in homosexual and bisexual men. | we identified 277 homosexual and bisexual men diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) whose estimated human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seroconversion dates, ranging from 1977-85, could be well approximated. these men were from a cohort of 6,705 homosexual and bisexual men originally recruited for studies of sexually transmitted hepatitis b in san francisco in 1978-80. we compared the time from hiv seroconversion to the initial disease diagnostic of aids (aids latency period) ... | 1990 | 2213508 |
| oral findings in hiv-infected patients attending a department of internal medicine: the contribution of intraoral examination towards the clinical management of hiv disease. | the occurrence of oral mucosal lesions was studied in 70 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, including 35 patients with aids, who had been admitted to a department of internal medicine. lesions of the oral mucosa were observed in 52 patients (74 per cent). oral candidiasis (50 per cent), hairy leukoplakia (14 per cent), periodontal disease (13 per cent), and oral kaposi's sarcoma (4 per cent) were the most common lesions. oral mucosal lesions suggestive of hiv infec ... | 1990 | 2217677 |
| sarcoidosis complicated by hiv infection: three case reports and a review of the literature. | we report three cases of sarcoidosis complicated by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and review four other isolated case reports in the literature. there is clinical overlap of both diseases, including symptoms, pulmonary function abnormalities, and lymphocyte function. bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) in these patients showed a lymphocytic alveolitis without pathogens. bal lymphocyte subset analysis showed markedly depressed cd4+/cd8+ ratios in three patients. these data were clinically ... | 1990 | 2221596 |
| [cardiac pathology in human immunodeficiency virus infection]. | clinical cardiac manifestations are rare in the course of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), but cardiac lesions can be found at autopsy in 60% of cases. myocardium and pericardium are the most frequently involved. cardiac involvement in opportunistic infections, kaposi's sarcoma, and non hodgkin's malignant lymphomas usually reflects systemic dissemination of the disease. idiopathic myocarditis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may also occur and may be related to human immunodeficiency v ... | 1990 | 2222003 |
| immunocytochemical analysis of lymph node aspirates in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | thirty four patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) who had lymphadenopathy were investigated using fine needle aspiration. cytological analysis included immunocytochemical investigation with the alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase (apaap) method. all patients had confirmation of cytological diagnosis by lymph node biopsy. fifteen aspirates with follicular hyperplasia were evaluated. eleven patients showed b cell predominance. the b cell population did not show light c ... | 1990 | 2229433 |
| disseminated kaposi's sarcoma not associated with hiv infection in a bisexual man. | we report a 42-year-old white bisexual man with disseminated kaposi's sarcoma limited to the skin and gastrointestinal tract. results of several serum tests for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies have been negative. the cd4/cd8 ratio has remained normal, and his kaposi's sarcoma has had a benign clinical course during 30 months of follow-up. similar reports of disseminated kaposi's sarcoma with a benign clinical course in homosexual or bisexual men without demonstrable hiv infection a ... | 1990 | 2229537 |
| kaposi's sarcoma: a light and electron microscopic study. | a patient with diabetes mellitus who developed the typical classic lesions of kaposi's sarcoma is described. our patient presented with a reddish-purple papulonodular lesion on the right foot of five months' duration. a skin biopsy specimen showed a proliferation of spindle cells forming numerous vascular slits and a diffuse extravasation of erythrocytes. the patient's sera was negative for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies and cytomegalovirus (cmv) antibodies. ultrastructural examin ... | 1990 | 2229644 |
| current advances in the diagnosis and treatment of aids: an introduction. | significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of aids. laboratory tests available for assessment of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection include the detection of antibodies to hiv type 1, the direct detection of the virus, the identification of surrogate markers, and the phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. clinicians have made great strides in the treatment of tumors, opportunistic infections, and complications associated with aids as well as in ... | 1990 | 2237132 |
| therapeutic approaches to neoplasms in aids. | the multifactorial etiology of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), which is seen primarily in men, includes genetic predisposition and immunosuppression. recently, the ks seen in association with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has been shown to be mediated by the production of certain growth factors. hiv per se may also play an etiologic role via its tat gene. therapeutic options include irradiation for local or cosmetic control, interferon-alpha, combinations of antiretroviral agents and inter ... | 1990 | 2237135 |
| major histocompatibility complex class i to iii allotypes in patients with aids-related complex/walter-reed 5, disseminated kaposi's sarcoma and in normal controls. the arc-ivig study group. | in hiv-infected patients major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i and ii (= hla-a, b, c, dr) association has been controversial. of the mhc class iii coded complement components c2, bf, c4a/c4b especially c4 allotypes appear of major immunogenetic relevance for their potential differences in virus neutralizing potency and immune complex formation. in the present study 29 patients with aids-related complex and walter-reed 5 arc/wr5), 35 patients with disseminated kaposi's sarcoma (ks), and ... | 1990 | 2238573 |
| sexually transmitted diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus. the challenge of the nineties. | during the past two decades, an explosive growth in both the prevalence and types of sexually transmitted diseases has occurred. up to 55 percent of homosexual men with anorectal complaints have gonorrhea; 80 percent of the patients with syphilis are homosexuals. chlamydia is found in 15 percent of asymptomatic homosexual men, and up to one third of homosexuals have active anorectal herpes simplex virus. in addition, a host of parasites, bacterial, viral, and protozoan are all rampant in the hom ... | 1990 | 2242700 |
| hiv-1 tat gene induces tumor necrosis factor-beta (lymphotoxin) in a human b-lymphoblastoid cell line. | the tat protein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) activates viral gene expression and is essential for hiv replication in vitro. it has also been shown that the tat gene product specifically inhibits antigen-induced proliferation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. in order to understand the growth and immunomodulatory roles of hiv-1 tat, we have examined the effect of the tat gene on the expression of tumor necrosis factors in a human b-lymphoblastoid cell line (raji). we repo ... | 1990 | 2243081 |