| persistence and immunogenicity of chemically attenuated blood stage plasmodium falciparum in aotus monkeys. | malaria is a disease caused by a protozoan of the plasmodium genus and results in 0.5-0.7million deaths per year. increasing drug resistance of the parasite and insecticide resistance of mosquitoes necessitate alternative control measures. numerous vaccine candidates have been identified but none have been able to induce robust, long-lived protection when evaluated in malaria endemic regions. rodent studies have demonstrated that chemically attenuated blood stage parasites can persist at sub-pat ... | 2016 | 27238088 |
| the aotus nancymaae erythrocyte proteome and its importance for biomedical research. | the aotus nancymaae species has been of great importance in researching the biology and pathogenesis of malaria, particularly for studying plasmodium molecules for including them in effective vaccines against such microorganism. in spite of the forgoing, there has been no report to date describing the biology of parasite target cells in primates or their biomedical importance. this study was thus designed to analyse a. nancymaae erythrocyte protein composition using ms data collected during a pr ... | 2017 | 27989940 |
| susceptibility and lack of evidence for a viremic state of rabies in the night owl monkey, aotus nancymaae. | rabies causes an acute fatal encephalomyelitis in most mammals following infection with rhabdovirus of the genus lyssavirus. little is known about rabies virus infection in species of new world non-human primates (nhp). to investigate the suitability of the owl monkey aotus nancymaae asissue sections examined were unremarkable for inflammation or other histologic signs of rabies a viable animal model for rabies virus candidate vaccine testing, we used clinical presentation, serology, viral isola ... | 2012 | 22612895 |
| pre-clinical assessment of c134, a chimeric oncolytic herpes simplex virus, in mice and non-human primates. | oncolytic herpes simplex virus (ohsv) type i constructs are investigational anti-neoplastic agents for a variety of malignancies, including malignant glioma. clinical trials to date have supported the safety of these agents even when directly administered in the cns. traditional pre-clinical us food and drug administration (fda) toxicity studies for these agents have included the use of two species, generally including murine and primate studies. recently, the fda has decreased its requirement o ... | 2017 | 28345027 |
| phenotypic and functional characterization of peripheral blood lymphocytes from various age- and sex-specific groups of owl monkeys (aotus nancymaae). | owl monkeys (aotus nancymaae) are new world nhp that serve an important role in vaccine development and as a model for human disease conditions such as malaria. despite the past contributions of this animal model, limited information is available about the phenotype and functional properties of peripheral blood lymphocytes in reference to sex and age. using a panel of human antibodies and a set of standardized human immune assays, we identified and characterized various peripheral blood lymphocy ... | 2017 | 28222841 |
| phenotypic and functional characterization of peripheral blood lymphocytes from various age- and sex-specific groups of owl monkeys (aotus nancymaae). | owl monkeys (aotus nancymaae) are new world nhp that serve an important role in vaccine development and as a model forhuman disease conditions such as malaria. despite the past contributions of this animal model, limited information is available about the phenotype and functional properties of peripheral blood lymphocytes in reference to sex and age. using a panel of human antibodies and a set of standardized human immune assays, we identified and characterized various peripheral blood lymphocyt ... | 2017 | 28120745 |
| disappearing in the night: an overview on trade and legislation of night monkeys in south and central america. | the international trade in night monkeys (aotus spp.), found throughout central and south america, has been regulated by the convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora (cites) since 1975. we present a quantitative analysis of this trade from all 9 range countries, over 4 decades, and compare domestic legislation to cites regulations. night monkeys were exported from 8 of the 9 habitat countries, totalling 5,968 live individuals and 7,098 specimens, with trade ... | 2016 | 28095375 |
| systematic evaluation of monoclonal antibodies and immunoassays for the detection of interferon-γ and interleukin-2 in old and new world non-human primates. | non-human primates (nhp) provide important animal models for studies on immune responses to infections and vaccines. when assessing cellular immunity in nhp, cytokines are almost exclusively analyzed utilizing cross-reactive anti-human antibodies. the functionality of antibodies has to be empirically established for each assay/application as well as nhp species. a rational approach was employed to identify monoclonal antibodies (mab) cross-reactive with many nhp species. panels of new and establ ... | 2017 | 27889562 |
| measurement of fetal biparietal diameter in owl monkeys (aotus nancymaae). | owl monkeys are new world primates frequently used in biomedical research. despite the historical difficulty of breeding owl monkeys in captivity, several productive owl monkey breeding colonies exist currently. the animals in the colony we describe here are not timed-pregnant, and determination of gestational age is an important factor in prenatal care. gestational age of human fetuses is often determined by using transabdominal measurements of fetal biparietal diameter. the purpose of this stu ... | 2010 | 20858355 |
| pattern of maternal circulating crh in laboratory-housed squirrel and owl monkeys. | the anthropoid primate placenta appears to be unique in producing corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh). placental crh is involved in an endocrine circuit key to the production of estrogens during pregnancy. crh induces cortisol production by the maternal and fetal adrenal glands, leading to further placental crh production. crh also stimulates the fetal adrenal glands to produce dehydroepiandrostendione sulfate (dheas), which the placenta converts into estrogens. there are at least two patterns ... | 2010 | 20872786 |
| characterisation and comparative analysis of mhc-dpa1 exon 2 in the owl monkey (aotus nancymaae). | the aotus nancymaae (owl monkey) is an important animal model in biomedical research, particularly for the preclinical evaluation of vaccine candidates against plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax, which require a precisely typed major histocompatibility complex. the exon 2 from a. nancymaae mhc-dpa1 gene was characterised in order to infer its allelic diversity and evolutionary history. aona-dpa1 shows no polymorphism and is related to other primate dpa alleles (including catarrhini and p ... | 2010 | 20884341 |
| immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a psoralen-inactivated dengue-1 virus vaccine candidate in aotus nancymaae monkeys. | psoralens are photoreactive compounds that cross-link pyrimidines after exposure to uva radiation. in this experiment, we tested the protective efficacy of a psoralen-inactivated dengue vaccine candidate in non-human primates. two groups of 7 aotus nancymaae monkeys received either 10ng per dose of inactivated denv1 plus alum adjuvant or alum alone (controls). doses were injected intradermally on days 0, 14, and 28. monkeys then received a challenge inoculation of 1.1 × 10(4)pfus of westpac 74 d ... | 2011 | 21303709 |
| increased positive selection pressure within the complementarity determining regions of the t-cell receptor ß gene in new world monkeys. | because of the long-term co-evolution of tcr and mhc molecules, numerous nucleotide substitutions have accumulated within the domains of tcrß genes. we previously found that nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions occurred more frequently in complementarity determining region (cdr)ß than in cdra, even though only a limited number of common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) and human t-cell receptor ß variable (trbv) sequences were compared. this interesting finding raised the question of whether the ... | 2011 | 21769905 |
| cortical inputs to the middle temporal visual area in new world owl monkeys. | we made eight retrograde tracer injections into the middle temporal visual area (mt) of three new world owl monkeys (aotus nancymaae). these injections were placed across the representation of the retina in mt to allow us to compare the locations of labeled cells in other areas in order to provide evidence for any retinotopic organization in those areas. four regions projected to mt: 1) early visual areas, including v1, v2, v3, the dorsolateral visual area, and the dorsomedial visual area, provi ... | 2014 | 25620872 |
| research and in situ conservation of owl monkeys enhances environmental law enforcement at the colombian-peruvian border. | this study reports on impacts of illegal trade in owl monkeys (aotus nancymaae, a. vociferans) for the biomedical research market in the colombian-peruvian amazonian border. through freedom of information requests and interviews with hunters we found that 912 owl monkeys, including a. nancymaae captured in peru, were trapped over a 3-month period in 2012 to supply a malaria research facility based in leticia, colombia, which had trapping permits for the use of only 800 a. vociferans annually yet ... | 2014 | 24501040 |
| characteristics and use of sleeping sites in aotus (cebidae: primates) in the amazon lowlands of peru. | in the amazon lowlands of peru, aotus nancymai and a. vociferans were observed to use four different types of sleeping sites: (1) holes in the trunks and branches of dry or senescent trees; (2) concavities in polyaxial branching nodes of trees protected by dense entanglements of creepers, climbing plants, vines, and masses of diverse epiphytes; (3) complex sites among masses of epiphytes, climbers, and vines; and (4) simple sites among thickets and dense foliage. each type is described. there wa ... | 1986 | 31979438 |
| molecular characterization and expression of the gdf9 gene in new zealand white rabbits. | growth differentiation factor 9 (gdf9) has been shown to be involved in regulating follicular development and reproduction in many mammalian species. however, related information about the effect of the gdf9 gene on reproductive traits of new zealand white rabbits was rarely reported. in this study, rabbits were distributed into two groups (poor and prolific offspring productions) and cloning and quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) were employed to characterize the rabbit gdf9 gene. by cloning, 25 ... | 2017 | 28674231 |
| menstrual cycle in four new world primates: poeppig's woolly monkey (lagothrix poeppigii), red uakari (cacajao calvus), large-headed capuchin (sapajus macrocephalus) and nocturnal monkey (aotus nancymaae). | genital organs from 33 nocturnal monkeys aotus namcymaae, 29 poeppig's woolly monkeys (lagothrix poeppigii), 21 red uakaris (cacajao calvus) and 11 large-headed capuchins (sapajus macrocephalus) were histologically analyzed in order to describe the endometrial changes related to the ovarian cycle. a. nancymaae and s. macrocephalus showed histological evidence of menstrual cycle with the detachment of the most superficial endometrium and the subepithelial reabsorption of the endometrial functiona ... | 2019 | 30269006 |
| nhp-immunome: a translational research-oriented database of non-human primate immune system proteins. | we are currently living the advent of a new age for medicine in which basic research is being quickly translated into marketable drugs, and the widespread access to genomics data is allowing the design and implementation of personalized solutions to medical conditions. non-human primates (nhp) have gained an essential role in drug discovery and safety testing due to their close phylogenetic relationship to humans. in this study, a collection of well characterized genes of the human immune system ... | 2020 | 31733823 |
| amplification dynamics of platy-1 retrotransposons in the cebidae platyrrhine lineage. | platy-1 elements are platyrrhine-specific, short interspersed elements originally discovered in the callithrix jacchus (common marmoset) genome. to date, only the marmoset genome has been analyzed for platy-1 repeat content. here, we report full-length platy-1 insertions in other new world monkey (nwm) genomes (saimiri boliviensis, squirrel monkey; cebus imitator, capuchin monkey; and aotus nancymaae, owl monkey) and analyze the amplification dynamics of lineage-specific platy-1 insertions. a re ... | 2019 | 30888417 |
| diversity and temporal dynamics of primate milk microbiomes. | milk is inhabited by a community of bacteria and is one of the first postnatal sources of microbial exposure for mammalian young. bacteria in breast milk may enhance immune development, improve intestinal health, and stimulate the gut-brain axis for infants. variation in milk microbiome structure (e.g., operational taxonomic unit [otu] diversity, community composition) may lead to different infant developmental outcomes. milk microbiome structure may depend on evolutionary processes acting at th ... | 2019 | 31219214 |
| reproductive longevity predicts mutation rates in primates. | mutation rates vary between species across several orders of magnitude, with larger organisms having the highest per-generation mutation rates. hypotheses for this pattern typically invoke physiological or population-genetic constraints imposed on the molecular machinery preventing mutations [1]. however, continuing germline cell division in multicellular eukaryotes means that organisms with longer generation times and of larger size will leave more mutations to their offspring simply as a bypro ... | 2018 | 30270182 |
| eosinophilic aortitis with thoracic aortic aneurysm and rupture in a captive-born owl monkey. | eosinophilic aortitis is a rare condition in animals and humans, and it has been occasionally reported associated with parasitic migration and with a poorly understood complex group of autoimmune vasculitides. here, we describe a case of eosinophilic aortitis with thoracic aortic aneurysm and rupture in a captive-born owl monkey and discuss the differential diagnoses. | 2018 | 30187922 |
| various pfrh5 polymorphisms can support plasmodium falciparum invasion into the erythrocytes of owl monkeys and rats. | aotus nancymaae, the owl monkey, provides a useful laboratory model for research to develop drugs and vaccines against human falciparum malaria; however, many plasmodium falciparum parasites are unable to invade a. nancymaae erythrocytes, rendering the parasites noninfective to the monkeys. in previous work, we identified a key polymorphism that determined the inheritance of erythrocyte invasion in a genetic cross of two p. falciparum clones that were virulent (gb4) or noninfective (7g8) to a. n ... | 2013 | 23305874 |
| are olfactory traits in a pair-bonded primate under sexual selection? an evaluation of sexual dimorphism in aotus nancymaae. | sexual selection has seemingly influenced chemical communication in numerous non-human primates, although it is unclear whether it has influenced strictly pair-living and pair-bonded taxa. the physical similarities between male and female owl monkeys suggest that disruptive selection has not played a role in this taxon. however, given their nocturnality, olfactory traits may show differing patterns of sexual selection than visual traits. if sexual selection has influenced chemical communication ... | 2018 | 29719049 |
| allogrooming in male-female pairs of captive owl monkeys (aotus nancymaae). | owl monkeys (aotus spp.) are socially monogamous, yet allogrooming is reported to be rare. because aotus are nocturnal and arboreal, allogrooming is difficult to observe in natural settings. we observed 21 male-female pairs of captive aotus nancymaae during 2 nonconsecutive study periods in order to describe the details of allogrooming between mates (partner grooming). we found that grooming bouts are brief and consist of tugging the hair or skin with flexed fingers and/or the mouth. males groom ... | 2017 | 29316540 |
| reproduction of the owl monkey (aotus nancymai) (primates:cebidae) in captivity. | there are few reports and poorly documented field studies about the reproductive biology of the owl monkey (aotus spp.). reproductive data were collected from a breeding colony of owl monkeys (aotus nancymai) held at the center for reproduction and conservation of non-human primates in iquitos, peru, for the past 10 years. seventy nine breeding pairs have produced 180 offspring in a period of 3,619 months, representing an average of about one offspring for every 20 months that a pair was housed ... | 1990 | 31963984 |
| population densities and geographic distribution of night monkeys (aotus nancymai and aotus vociferans) (cebidae: primates) in northeastern peru. | population densities of two species of night (or owl) monkeys (aotus nancymai and aotus vociferans) were estimated using transect census methods. densities of aotus nancymai were approximately 46.3 individuals/km2 in lowland forests and 24.2 individuals/km2 in highland forests. for aotus vociferans densities were 33.0 individuals/km2 in lowland forests and 7.9 individuals/km2 in highland forests. a. vociferans occurs north of the río amazonas-marañon and a. nancymai south of it, except for the n ... | 1988 | 31968914 |
| population structure of aotus nancymai (cebidae: primates) in peruvian amazon lowland forest. | wild groups of aotus nancymai were trapped at three sites in the peruvian amazon lowland forest in order to study their social structure. data on population density, group size, sex and age composition, social organization, and population structure were analyzed and are presented here. | 1986 | 31979462 |
| two new species of night monkeys, genus aotus (cebidae, platyrrhini): a preliminary report on aotus taxonomy. | the nine allopatric species of aotus recognized represent two natural groups distinguished by karyotype, color, and pelage patterns. correlated with these group characters are reported differences in serum proteins and degrees of susceptibility or immunity to experimental infection with malarial parasites. the primitive gray-neck species group of aotus contains a. brumbacki (new species), a. lemurinus (with subspecies lemurinus and griseimembra), a. trivirgatus, and a. vociferans. the derived re ... | 1983 | 31991954 |
| socialization of adult owl monkeys (aotus sp.) in captivity. | social housing has often been recommended as one-way to address the psychological well-being of captive non-human primates. published reports have examined methods to socialize compatible animals by forming pairs or groups. successful socialization rates vary depending on the species, gender, and environment. this study presents a retrospective look at pairing attempts in two species of owl monkeys, aotus nancymaae and a. azarae, which live in monogamous pairs in the wild. the results of 477 pai ... | 2017 | 26713770 |
| ovarian function in captive owl monkeys (aotus nancymaae and a. vociferans). | ovarian function and morphology of owl monkeys (aotus spp.) is inadequately known, but it is essential to describe this organ in detail to better understand reproductive patterns of the species. | 2015 | 26122552 |
| identification of owl monkey cd4 receptors broadly compatible with early-stage hiv-1 isolates. | most hiv-1 variants isolated from early-stage human infections do not use nonhuman primate versions of the cd4 receptor for cellular entry, or they do so poorly. we and others have previously shown that cd4 has experienced strong natural selection over the course of primate speciation, but it is unclear whether this selection has influenced the functional characteristics of cd4 as an hiv-1 receptor. surprisingly, we find that selection on cd4 has been most intense in the new world monkeys, anima ... | 2015 | 26063421 |
| antibody profiling by proteome microarray with multiplex isotype detection reveals overlap between human and aotus nancymaae controlled malaria infections. | the development of vaccines against malaria and serodiagnostic tests for detecting recent exposure requires tools for antigen discovery and suitable animal models. the protein microarray is a high-throughput, sample sparing technique, with applications in infectious disease research, clinical diagnostics, epidemiology, and vaccine development. we recently demonstrated qdot-based indirect immunofluorescence together with portable optical imager arraycam using single isotype detection could replic ... | 2018 | 29266845 |
| evaluation of the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an enterotoxigenic escherichia coli cfa/i adhesin-heat-labile toxin chimera. | recent efforts to develop an enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) vaccine have focused on the antigenically conserved tip adhesins of colonization factors. we showed previously that intranasal immunization with dsc19cfae, a soluble variant of the in cis donor strand-complemented tip adhesin of a colonization factor of the class 5 family (cfa/i) fimbria, is highly immunogenic and protects against oral challenge with cfa/i-positive (cfa/i+) etec strain h10407 in the aotus nancymaae nonhuman pri ... | 2020 | 32839188 |
| establishment, validation, and application of a new world primate model of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli disease for vaccine development. | the establishment of an animal model that closely approximates enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) disease in humans is critical for the development and evaluation of vaccines against this enteropathogen. here, we evaluated the susceptibility of aotus nancymaae, a new world monkey species, to etec infection. animals were challenged orogastrically with 109 to 1011 cfu of the human pathogenic cfa/i+ etec strain h10407 and examined for evidence of diarrhea and fecal shedding of bacteria. a clea ... | 2019 | 30510102 |
| oral administration of an anti-cfae secretory iga antibody protects against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli diarrheal disease in a nonhuman primate model. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is a leading cause of diarrhea-associated illness in developing countries. there is currently no vaccine licensed to prevent etec and the development of an efficacious prophylaxis would provide an intervention with significant impact. recent studies suggested that effective protection could be achieved by inducing immunity to block colonization of etec. here, we evaluated the efficacy of secretory (s) iga2 and dimeric (d) iga2 of an anti-colonization facto ... | 2020 | 32008877 |
| evaluation of transcutaneous immunization as a delivery route for an enterotoxigenic e. coli adhesin-based vaccine with cfae, the colonization factor antigen 1 (cfa/i) tip adhesin. | dsccfae is a recombinant form of the cfa/i tip adhesin cfae, expressed by a large proportion of enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec). it is highly immunogenic by the intranasal route in mice and aotus nancymaae, protective against challenge with cfa/i+ etec in an a. nancymaae challenge model, and antibodies to dsccfae passively protect against cfa/i+ etec challenge in human volunteers. here, we show that transcutaneous immunization (tci) with dsccfae in mice resulted in strong anti-cfae igg serum resp ... | 2019 | 31492474 |
| a defined mechanistic correlate of protection against plasmodium falciparum malaria in non-human primates. | malaria vaccine design and prioritization has been hindered by the lack of a mechanistic correlate of protection. we previously demonstrated a strong association between protection and merozoite-neutralizing antibody responses following vaccination of non-human primates against plasmodium falciparum reticulocyte binding protein homolog 5 (pfrh5). here, we test the mechanism of protection. using mutant human igg1 fc regions engineered not to engage complement or fcr-dependent effector mechanisms, ... | 2019 | 31028254 |
| antibody profiling by proteome microarray with multiplex isotype detection reveals overlap between human and aotus nancymaae controlled malaria infections. | | 2018 | 29963771 |