| shrimp as intermediate host of paragonimus westermani in korea. | | 1966 | 5926642 |
| crystalline inclusions in the subtegumental cells of the adult lung fluke, paragonimus westermani. | | 1982 | 6293215 |
| ultrastructural investigations on the effects of praziquantel on human trematodes from asia: clonorchis sinensis, metagonimus yokogawai, opisthorchis viverrini, paragonimus westermani and schistosoma japonicum. | the effect of praziquantel (biltricide) on the ultrastructure of trematodes pathogenic to man in asia was investigated in: clonorchis sinensis, opisthorchis viverrini, schistosoma japonicum, metagonimus yokogawai, and paragonimus westermani. the different parasites were isolated from their respective experimental hosts and uniformly incubated for 5, 15, 30 or 60 min at 37 degrees c in medium tc 199 containing 0, 1, 10 or 100 micrograms praziquantel/ml. all parasites exposed to praziquantel were ... | 1983 | 6338885 |
| [preliminary report on the production of hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against adult worm antigens of paragonimus westermani]. | | 1985 | 3919906 |
| [comparative disc electrophoretic study of paragonimus skrjabini and paragonimus westermani]. | | 1985 | 3919907 |
| [analysis of early clinical characteristics and roentgenologic manifestations in 44 cases of paragonimiasis infested with paragonimus westermani]. | | 1985 | 4075925 |
| [amino acid composition of antigens of schistosoma japonicum eggs and the adult schistosoma japonicum, paragonimus westermani and clonorchis sinensis]. | | 1984 | 6391728 |
| observation of paragonimus westermani eggs in sputum after digestion for mycobacteria culture. | pulmonary paragonimiasis was diagnosed by the observation of paragonimus westermani eggs on smears of sputum concentrated for the detection of mycobacteria and on the culture plates. the eggs were distorted but recognizable. | 1984 | 6435946 |
| epidemiologic studies of paragonimus westermani (kerbert, 1878) and related species in taiwan (formosa). i. distribution patterns of paragonimus westermani metacercariae in eriocheir crabs. | | 1966 | 5221975 |
| [a study on the phenomena of diapause of paragonimus westermani in mice]. | | 1984 | 6467543 |
| epidemiologic studies of paragonimus westermani (kerbert, 1878) and related species in taiwan (formosa). ii. seasonal variations in the incidence of paragonimus westermani infection in eriocheir japonicus. | | 1966 | 5231982 |
| paragonimus westermani: life cycle, intermediate hosts, transmission to man and geographical distribution in korea. | since discovery of this lung fluke in 1878 by kerbert, paragonimus westermani has been found to occur in many parts of asia. recently, however, it was detected that there exists a bisexual type and also a parthenogenetic type of the lung fluke which has been called p. westermani for a century. the natural definitive hosts other than man include a wide range of mammals. adult worms are localized in the lungs. the eggs excreted with sputum and reaching water develop into miracidia in water. miraci ... | 1984 | 6542389 |
| paragonimus westermani: pathogenesis and clinical features of infection. | pathogenesis: although the pathogenesis of human infection of p. westermani is not fully elucidated, experimental infections of cats or dogs could explain the early phase of paragonimiasis. as the larvae of p. westermani penetrate the intestinal wall and localize in the peritoneal cavity there appears to be a considerable migration inside the abdominal cavity before they direct toward the chest cavity through the diaphragm. approximately 20 days following experimental infection with metacercaria ... | 1984 | 6542390 |
| paragonimiasis in the philippines: current status. | paragonimiasis in the philippines was first reported in 1907. the first attempt to study its life cycle was made in 1941 when metacercariae of paragonimus were found in fresh-water mountain crabs. at present the causative agent of human paragonimiasis in this country is paragonimus westermani, although the new name, paragonimus philippinensis, has been proposed instead. the second species of paragonimus, paragonimus siamensis, was reported in cats in 1973. the prevalence of disease in two endemi ... | 1984 | 6542392 |
| paragonimiasis: experimental and clinical experience with praziquantel in korea. | the effect of praziquantel (2-cyclohexylcarbonyl-1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro-4h-pyrazino[2,1-a]++ +isoquinolin- 4-one, embay 8440, biltricide) on the ultrastructure of paragonimus westermani was investigated in vitro and in vivo. in in vitro experiments, p. westermani was less sensitive to praziquantel. only very few vacuoles were formed in the tegumental syncytium after incubation in 100 micrograms/ml for 60 min. however, in vivo the parasite was successfully destroyed by praziquantel. in fine stru ... | 1984 | 6542393 |
| studies on the geographical distribution of the lung fluke, paragonimus westermani (kerbert, 1878) in the southern prefectures of the kinki district, japan: observations on the incidence of encysted larvae of p. westermani in geothelphusa dehaani in higashi-yoshino area, nara prefecture. | | 1983 | 6632458 |
| a survey of parasitic lesions in wild-caught, laboratory-maintained primates: (rhesus, cynomolgus, and baboon). | the lesions associated with parasitic infestation in 1156 wild-caught, laboratory-maintained nonhuman primates (macaca fascicularis, macaca mulatta, and papio spp) are described. the two most common parasites seen were lung mites (pneumonyssus spp) and nodular worms (oesophagostomum spp). in addition, in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) only, nochtia nochti was a frequent pathogen. the etiology of mineralized fibrotic nodules in the mesentery of cynomolgus monkeys was thought to be infec ... | 1984 | 6730203 |
| karyotype of a lung fluke, paragonimus westermani filipinus miyazaki, 1978. | | 1983 | 6865178 |
| relapse of paragonimus westermani lung infection after bithionol therapy. | clinical trials of bithionol in treating paragonimus westermani lung infection have been conducted in areas of endemic infection. bithionol has been reported to cure over 90% of infected patients. we report a case of a 32-year-old laotian man residing in connecticut who relapsed with p. westermani pneumonitis 4 months after apparent eradication of infection with bithionol (40 mg/kg by mouth every other day for 10 doses). he was successfully treated with a second course of bithionol (40 mg/kg by ... | 1982 | 7058981 |
| immunity of schistosomes using heterologous trematode antigens--a review. | this review summarizes the field of cross-protection in schistosomiasis due to other parasitic infections and with subcellular fractions of the parasite trematodes. regarding parasitic infections, the clearest evidence of cross-protection to schistosoma mansoni was found with the trematodes, particularly with fasciola hepatica. evidence was also presented which demonstrated that the protective f. hepatica worm antigens were those which bound to antibodies to s. mansoni, and that as antigen purif ... | 1984 | 6382782 |
| experimental chemotherapy of paragonimiasis. a review. | the ideal type of an anthelmintic drug should be effective against the parasite and not toxic to the host. in early studies of this disease in japan, a large number of different drugs was tested, none of which was promising enough. in 1956, an in vitro screening method for effective drugs against paragonimus westermani was established. it was also found (1961) that rats experimentally infected with p. ohirai can be successfully employed for chemotherapeutic studies of paragonimiasis in place of ... | 1984 | 6391505 |
| [clinical observation of treating 44 cases of paragonimiasis (paragonimus westermani) with praziquantel (author's transl)]. | | 1982 | 7075366 |
| the antigens of paragonimus westermani, schistosoma mansoni, and fasciola hepatica adult worms. evidence for the presence of cross-reactive antigens and for cross-protection to schistosoma mansoni infection using antigens of paragonimus westermani. | the presence of cross-reacting antigens between paragonimus westermani, schistosoma mansoni, and fasciola hepatica adult worms was demonstrated by ouchterlony immunodiffusion and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). a serum bank was developed against the three trematode genera to serve as probes to determine the presence of cross-reacting antibodies to p. westermani worm extracts. in this manner, it was possible to demonstrate that antigens common to f. hepatica and s. mansoni tegument wer ... | 1983 | 6404188 |
| pulmonary paragonimiasis in laotian refugee children. | three laotian refugee children with chronic pulmonary complaints and findings were found to have pulmonary paragonimiasis during a one-year period in chicago. these patients ranged from 8 to 11 years of age and the diagnosis was delayed five to six months in two children because of the unfamiliarity of american physicians with signs and symptoms of this disorder. clinical manifestations included chronic cough for up to two years, apparent hemoptysis in two patients, lack of fever or sweats, and ... | 1982 | 7099790 |
| [comparison of characteristics of two strains of paragonimus westermani in south anhui (author's transl)]. | | 1981 | 6458416 |
| results of decortication in chronic empyema with special reference of paragonimiasis. | during a recent 6 years period, we managed chronic empyema by decortication, either alone or in combination with thoracoplasty, in 58 patients: in 16 patients, the empyema was a complication of paragonimus westermani infestation (pwi), in 20, tuberculosis (tb), and in 22, of varied origins. there were no operative deaths, and satisfactory or good results were obtained in 55 patients (94.8%). we believe that the result in a patient in whom thoracoplasty is required should be called satisfactory, ... | 1981 | 7242133 |
| [surgical treatment of cerebral paragonimiasis miyazakii]. | an operated case of cerebral paragonimiasis miyazakii was reported. a 25-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on jan. 25, 1982, because of weakness, sensory disorder and focal convulsion of the right upper limb. he complained of slight headache but had no sign of meningeal irritation nor inflammation. ct scan revealed a left parietal low density mass with irregular ring-like contrast enhancement. left carotid angiogram showed stretched arteries around the mass. laboratory findings were norm ... | 1984 | 6483096 |
| a case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in mindanao, philippines. | a case of pulmonary paragonmiasis was diagnosed in a woman of the manobo tribe in marilog, calinan, in the davao region of mindanao, the second-largest island in the phillippine archipelago. she had the first case of this disease reported in mindanao. the patient was initially mis-diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis, but failure of the standard triad regimen led to microscopic identification of paragonimus westermani eggs in sputum. therapy with bithionol was successful in this case. one ... | 1980 | 7403956 |
| tetraploids of the lung fluke paragonimus westermani found in china. | two groups of paragonimus westermani (tematoda: platyhelminthes) exist in nature: diploids and triploids. generally, these two groups live allopatrically, but in kuandian, liaoning province, in the republic of china, they live sympatrically. in our chinese experiment on paragonimus we used metacercariae of p. westermani, which we collected in kuandian, xigutai, and performed a cytological analysis. the results were as follows: (1) the p. westermani in xigutai lived sympatrically as diploids and ... | 1995 | 7479656 |
| purification and characterization of acid cysteine protease from metacercariae of the mammalian trematode parasite paragonimus westermani. | acid cysteine protease was purified from metacercariae of the mammalian trematode parasite paragonimus westermani. the purified enzyme had a molecular mass of 27 kda and was a monomeric polypeptide. the protease had an absolute requirement for a reducing agent for full activity towards fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled hemoglobin, and it was active in the acidic ph range, with an optimum ph of 4.0. while acidic proteolysis was insensitive to the aspartic protease inhibitor pepstatin a, activity ... | 1995 | 7588793 |
| extraordinarily high eosinophilia and elevated serum interleukin-5 level observed in a patient infected with paragonimus westermani. | although eosinophilia is one of the typical clinical features of some helminth infections, the degree of eosinophilia in helminthiasis is usually 10% to 30% with a total white blood cell count of 10,000 to 20,000/mm3. here we report a case of extraordinarily high eosinophilia (91%; absolute eosinophil count, 84,000/mm3) caused by paragonimus westermani infection. to determine the mechanisms of eosinophilia, the levels of several eosinophilopoietic cytokines in the patient's sera were measured du ... | 1995 | 7630699 |
| [observations on the development of paragonimus westermani in rats and its treatment with pyquiton]. | | 1983 | 6678635 |
| the measurement of ascaris suum protein by radioimmunoassay in sera from patients with helminthiasis and with gastrointestinal diseases. | in this study, we have developed a reliable radioimmunoassay (ria) for ascaris suum protein (asp) and have measured the serum concentration of asp in control subjects and in patients with helminthiasis and a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. the cross-reactivities of asp antibody with other helminth worm antigens were also measured by ria. ascaris lumbricoides contained approximately the same amount of asp antigenic substance as did ascaris suum. toxocara canis had a high concentration of a ... | 1983 | 6682964 |
| intraocular paragonimiasis. | a case of intraocular paragonimiasis is reported in a 13-year-old chinese boy. the disease manifested as repeated attacks of acute intraocular pain associated with panuveitis. a combination of inflammatory reaction and ocular findings mimicking both perforating and contusion injuries caused by the migration of the fluke within the eye characterises the infection. the living fluke was successfully extracted from the anterior chamber and identified as paragonimus westermani. | 1984 | 6691960 |
| excystment of paragonimus westermani metacercariae by endogenous cysteine protease. | to infect definitive or paratenic hosts, metacercariae of paragonimus westermani should excyst in the host intestine. optimum conditions for the excystment have been known to be ph 8-9 and a temperature of 40 c. under these conditions, excystment of p. westermani metacercariae was accelerated in the presence of 1 mm dithiothreitol (dtt). the dtt acceleration was antagonized dose-dependently by cysteine protease inhibitors of l-trans-epoxysuccinylleucylamido(4-guanidino)butane (e-64, 2-20 microm) ... | 1995 | 7707186 |
| [the biology of paragonimus westermani ichunensis in the maritime territory. experimental research]. | it has been experimentally found that larval and pulmonary paragonimiasis types are caused by the trematode paragonimus westermani ichunensis. the development of either paragonimiasis in nontypical definitive hosts depends on the stage of larval development when they penetrate into the mammal. only the p. westermani ichunensis trematode is likely to develop with the participation of juga mollusks on the territory of the primorye. | 1994 | 7715551 |
| displacement of biomphalaria glabrata by the snail thiara granifera in field habitats in st. lucia, west indies. | thiara granifera is a melaniid snail capable of maintaining very high densities in a variety of habitats. it has been introduced into the new world from the far east and is now spreading rapidly throughout the caribbean. in puerto rico and dominica casual observations following natural invasion by t. granifera suggest that it may exert a powerful restraining influence on populations of biomphalaria glabrata, the major intermediate host of schistosoma mansoni in the caribbean. the potential of t. ... | 1983 | 6882056 |
| newly introduced questions concerning paragonimus westermani. | | 1982 | 6958806 |
| [report on the first nationwide survey of the distribution of human parasites in china. 1. regional distribution of parasite species]. | a nationwide (taiwan province not included) survey of the distribution of human parasites in china during 1988-1992 was conducted under the auspices of the ministry of public health, with stratified masses randomly sampling. a total of 2,848 pilot sites in 726 counties with a population of 1,477,742 were surveyed, according to unified standard, unified diagnostic method and control quality. the overall infection rate of parasites was 62. 632%. among them, the infection rate was over 50% in 17 pr ... | 1994 | 7720194 |
| characterization of a cysteine proteinase from adult worms of paragonimus westermani. | paragonimus westermani, the lung fluke, is known to migrate to the pulmonary tissue of mammalian hosts and causes pathological changes in the lungs. an acidic thiol-dependent proteinase with a molecular weight of approximately 20,000 daltons was purified to homogeneity using ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. on sds-page, the molecular weight of the enzyme was 17,500 daltons. isoelectric point was 6.45. the enzyme was similar to the acidic cysteine proteinase of verte ... | 1994 | 7834240 |
| infectivity of paragonimus westermani developing in a final host to another final host. | in the definitive hosts, metacercariae of paragonimus westermani excyst in host duodenum, penetrate intestinal wall, migrate peritoneal and thoracic cavities, and develop to sexual maturity in 8 weeks. this study was undertaken to examine the age of the maturing p. westermani when their infectivity to the other definitive hosts was retained. on 3, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days after feeding the metacercariae to cats through a gastric tube, the developing worms were harvested. the juveniles of differ ... | 1994 | 7834247 |
| ultrastructural studies on spermatogenesis in a parthenogenetic type of paragonimus westermani (kerbert 1878) proposed as p. pulmonalis (baelz 1880). | spermatogenesis in a parthenogenetic type of p. westermani (kerbert 1878) called p. pulmonalis (baelz 1880) throughout this study, was observed by light microscopy (lm), scanning (sem), and transmission (tem) electron microscopy. during spermatogenesis, most of the cells became degenerated or malformed as a result of aberrations during spermatogenesis. vacuolated cells were often found in the testicular lumen. in some nuclei of spermatocytes, synaptonemal complexes were formed and this indicated ... | 1982 | 7097441 |
| mitochondrial dna differentiation of japanese diploid and triploid paragonimus westermani. | restriction endonuclease analysis of mitochondrial dna was carried out in order to differentiate diploid and triploid types of paragonimus westermani originating from japan. it was found that out of 16 restriction enzymes. psti, haeiii and rsai revealed consistently different cleavage patterns between the two types. | 1994 | 7911816 |
| [parasitic circulating antigens in hosts with filaria bancrofti]. | the elisa and dot-elisa with rabbit anti-setaria labial-papillosa antibody were applied to determine circulating antigens of filaria bancrofti. the total positive rate was 96% (24/25) in the sera of patients with microfilaremia from endemic areas, anhui province. the total positive rate of urines was 60% (15/25) in the same patients. the positive rates of the milks were both 100% (4/4) in the same patients. the conformity rate was 100% and 75% respectively for positive sera and urines (15 cases) ... | 1994 | 7922752 |
| paragonimus westermani ova in pleural effusion. | | 1994 | 7956671 |
| the macaque monkey as an experimental paratenic host for paragonimus westermani (kerbert, 1878) braun, 1899. | | 1984 | 6482129 |
| blood group active substances in paragonimus westermani. | lyophilized crude extracts of paragonimus westermani were investigated for the presence of human blood group active substances, using an automated haemagglutination inhibition technique. this sensitive method allowed the detection of a, b, h, lewis (a), lewis (b) and p1 blood group specificities, in the fluke's extracts. no inhibition was observed with c, c, d, e, e, k, kpa, kpb, fya, fyb, jka and jkb blood group antibodies. | 1981 | 7344100 |
| pulmonary paragonimiasis in childhood. a cause of persistent pneumonia and hemoptysis. | a 4-year-old filipino girl, a recent immigrant to hawaii, had hemoptysis, and a chest roentgenogram disclosed diffuse infiltrates of the right lung. microscopic examination of a morning gastric aspirate showed numerous golden-brown, operculated ova, and microscopic examination of sputum and stool specimens confirmed these ova to be those of the lung fluke, paragonimus westermani. she responded favorably to bithionol therapy and was asymptomatic and growing normally 2 1/2 years after therapy. | 1980 | 7359698 |
| sparganum infections in normal adult population and epileptic patients in korea: a seroepidemiologic observation. | a seroepidemiologic observation of anti-spirometra erinacei plerocercoid (sparganum) antibody (igg) in serum was made in normal adult and epileptic patients in korea from february, 1987 to september, 1990. sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for anti-sparganum antibody together with anti-taenia solium metacestode, and anti-paragonimus westermani antibodies. sera reacted positively to sparganum antigen only were considered. positive rate for anti-sparganum antibody in 85 ... | 1994 | 8025037 |
| respiratory chain of the lung fluke paragonimus westermani: facultative anaerobic mitochondria. | the respiratory chain of adult paragonimus westermani, a lung fluke, was characterized in isolated mitochondria. the fluke mitochondria exhibited cyanide- and antimycin a-sensitive succinate oxidase activity at a rate of 16.8 nmol o2 min-1 mg-1 protein. the succinate oxidation was shown to be stimulated by adp and linked to the formation of membrane potential. the specific activities of oxidoreductases composing the succinate oxidase system, i.e., succinate-ubiquinone and succinate--cytochrome c ... | 1994 | 8031121 |
| immunosuppression by a neutral thiol protease from parasitic helminth larvae in mice. | the composition and immunological suppression of a novel proteinaceous material, a neutral thiol protease (ntp), isolated from the metacercaria of the helminth paragonimus westermani are reported. from cdna cloning and sequencing, the protease was found to be composed of 215 amino acid residues and closely resembled the known cysteine proteases. treatment of adult mice with the enzyme suppressed the delayed footpad reaction and haemagglutinin antibody production, and reduced expression of the ma ... | 1994 | 8072769 |
| [comparison of the repetitive dna sequences between paragonimus westermani and pagumogonimus skrjabini from six areas]. | the genomic dna of the two lung flukes (p. westermani and p. skrjabini) from six areas was digested separately by three restriction endonucleases bamhi, hae iii and hind iii, followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. repetitive dna were visualized as distinct bands in stained gels. restriction fragment length differences were detected between the two species. the majority of bands of repetitive dna were similar with minor differences within the same species collected from different areas, upon di ... | 1993 | 8082267 |
| diploid paragonimus westermani: the experimental completion of its life-cycle. | experimental completion of the life-cycle of paragonimus westermani (trematoda: troglotrematidae) (diploid type) from egg to adult has been achieved in the laboratory for the first time. a dog was fed metacercariae of p. westermani from naturally infected freshwater crabs. geothelphusa dehaani. the adult flukes were recovered and their eggs were incubated in water at 28 degrees c, hatching after 20 days. laboratory reared marsh snails, semisulcospira libertina, were exposed to miracidia from emb ... | 1993 | 8132968 |
| paragonimiasis in manipur. | a survey was undertaken in the east district of imphal valley of manipur, india, using an intradermal test with saline extract of adult paragonimus westermani as test antigen to find out the prevalence of paragonimiasis and some of the epidemiological factors attributable to it. a total of 3,467 individuals of both sexes aged five years and above were tested. a total of 2934 persons admitted eating crabs and among them 234 were found reactive to paragonimus antigen. the prevalence rate observed ... | 1993 | 8144207 |
| changes of ige production, splenic helper and suppressor t lymphocytes in mice infected with paragonimus westermani. | effects of paragonims westermani infection were observed in mice on the change of serum ige level, the number of peripheral eosinophils and the distribution of thy 1.2+ (cd3), l3t4+ (cd4), and lyt-2+ (cd8) splenic t lymphocytes without mitogen stimulation. balb/c mice were infected with 20 metacercariae of p. westermani each. total serum ige increased at 3 weeks after the infection and reached a peak on week 4 and maintained high levels of ige until the 23rd week. peripheral eosinophil numbers i ... | 1993 | 8241082 |
| characterization of a peroxidase in excretory-secretory product of adult paragonimus westermani. | when activity of peroxidase in adult paragonimus westermani was monitored using o-dianisidine and h2o2 as substrates, its specific activity was 1.5 times higher in excretory-secretory product (esp) than in crude extract. the enzyme was purified by two purification steps of sephacryl s-300 superfine gel permeation and deae-trisacryl m anion exchange chromatographies. its activity increased 16.9 fold with 32.3% recovery. the enzyme was inhibited totally by 1 millimoles of dithiothreitol (dtt), 2-m ... | 1993 | 8241085 |
| protein composition and antigenicity of the tegument from paragonimus westermani. | to ascertain that tegument of paragonimus westermani has specific antigenic proteins, the tegumental fraction was isolated from 10-month-old worms by 0.1% digitonin solution, and subjected to sds-page and immunoblot. component proteins of tegumental syncytium comprised of 94, 74 (76-66), 62, 54, 44, 42, 38, 28, 26, 25, 24, 17, 15.5 and 13. 5 kda proteins. of them, the 94, 44 and 42 kda proteins were more specific to tegument, especially the 94 kda protein was the most prevailing one. in immunobl ... | 1993 | 8241086 |
| [a case of pelvic paragonimiasis combined with myoma uteri and pelvic inflammatory disease]. | paragonimus westermani is a lung fluke of humans that is usually found in the lungs but may be found elsewhere in many unusual locations. a case of pelvic paragonimiasis was found incidentally by surgical intervention of inflammatory disease and myoma uteri. she was a 51-year-old korean woman complaining of lower abdominal pain and intermittent vaginal spotting. numerous paragonimus ova were observed in the resected omentum in the pelvis after total abdominal hysterectomy. it is suggested that p ... | 1993 | 8241090 |
| [the epizootiological problems of trematodiases in the maritime territory]. | five species of trematodes: metagonimus yokogawai, m. katsuradai, centrocestus armatus, nanophyetus salmincola schikhobalowi and paragonimus westermani ichunensis which are able to infect man have been found to develop with the participation of mollusks of the juga genus from the rivers of the maritime territory. some epizootiological aspects of the infections caused by these trematodes are considered in the paper. | 1994 | 7799852 |
| trematode infections. opisthorchiasis, clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, and paragonimiasis. | the parasitic diseases of the liver and lung are caused by trematodes or flukes--opisthorchis viverrini, o. felineus, fasciola hepatica, and paragonimus westermani. humans get infected by eating the second intermediate host of the fluke, for example, fish, crab, or water plant. the disease runs a chronic course. the diagnosis is made by the recover of eggs in stools or sputum, or by serodiagnosis. praziquantel is the drug of choice except in falcioliaisis. | 1993 | 8254167 |
| studies on host specificity in paragonimus westermani: ultrastructural study of inflammatory reactions to the parasite in rat muscles. | inflammatory reactions to the lung fluke, paragonimus westermani, in an abnormal host, the rat, were studied by electron microscopy. inflammatory cells accumulated around the worms in rat muscles, but the reaction varied significantly in intensity as well as distribution of inflammatory cells from worm to worm in the same and different hosts. in an accumulation of inflammatory infiltrates around the worm, eosinophils were more commonly seen, and neutrophils and macrophages were fewer in number. ... | 1993 | 8300285 |
| serodiagnosis of human paragonimiasis by elisa-inhibition test using monoclonal antibodies. | elisa-inhibition test using paragonimus westermani specific monoclonal antibody (mab) was investigated to improve the diagnostic specificity of paragonimiasis. by cell fusion, one hybridoma clone secreting anti-p. westermani specific mab was selected (pwa-14), which reacted on bands of 28 kda, 42.5 kda, 89 kda and 120.5 kda. ifa showed pwa-14 was located at the vitelline follicles. by micro-elisa, 100% of 22 paragonimiasis cases were found positive, but 5 of 40 clonorchiasis cases (12.5%), 3 of ... | 1993 | 8343456 |
| experimental infection of paragonimus westermani in mice and rats. | to determine the infectivity and maturity of metacercariae of paragonimus westermani after keeping at low temperature for a long period, 45 mice and 45 rats were each infected with 20 metacercariae which were kept at 4 degrees c for 8 to 234 days. the worm recovery in mice increased with age of worm and reached a peak of 32% at 41-50 days and then decreased with age. the rate in rats first decreased to a lowest point of 6% at 71-100 days and then increased with age. in 42 infected mice and 41 in ... | 1993 | 8343461 |
| cloning of a cdna encoding a neutral thiol protease from paragonimus westermani metacercariae. | | 1994 | 7935613 |
| paragonimus westermani: a cause of cavitary lung disease in an indochinese refugee. | a laotian immigrant with persistent cough and hemoptysis was found to have multiple small cavities on chest roentgenogram. ova of the lung fluke paragonimus westermani were found in the sputum, and the patient responded to bithionol therapy. pulmonary paragonimiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cavitary lung disease in indochinese refugees entering the united states. | 1981 | 7302648 |
| experimental transfer of paragonimus westermani from rodents to rodents following subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes. | in order to investigate the experimental transfer of paragonimus westermani from rodents to rodents following subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes, 13 rats and 23 mice were inoculated with a total of 115 (1 mature and 114 immature) worms of p. westermani subcutaneously and intraperitoneally. the age of worms before transfer was 25-193 days. the transfer was performed immediately after worm collection from rodents which were killed at various intervals from 4 to 144 days after infection. the l ... | 1994 | 8006383 |
| antigen detection assay to monitor the efficacy of praziquantel for treatment of paragonimus westermani infections. | | 1996 | 8730310 |
| [paragonimus westermani pulmonary distomatosis in gabon. first case]. | | 1996 | 8760633 |
| production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 by splenocytes in mice infected with paragonimus westermani. | the th cytokine responses of spleen cells stimulated with con a from mice infected with paragonimus westermani were examined. the spleen cell culture supernatants were assayed for th1-specific ifn-gamma and th2-specific il-4. cytokine responses for il-4 peaked at three days (410 +/- 60.9 pg/ml), persisted at a high level until the second week (343 +/- 59.0 pg/ml), and then decreased slowly four and six weeks after infection. ifn-gamma production by splenocytes only increased during the first wee ... | 1996 | 8843694 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using cysteine proteinase antigens for immunodiagnosis of human paragonimiasis. | an enzyme-linked immunsorbent assay (elisa) using worm extract antigens from lung flukes of paragonimus westermani provided good sensitivity to sera from patients with paragonimiasis westermani but high cross-reactivity with sera from most fascioliasis patients and some patients with onchocerciasis or clonorchiasis. to improve the specificity, we tested an elisa using fluke cysteine proteinases as antigens. cysteine proteinases were partially purified from the excretory/secretory products of p. ... | 1996 | 8916802 |
| the oocyte of triploid fluke receiving intrusion of sperm from a diploid fluke--evidence for the origin of tetraploids in paragonimus westermani. | an experiment was conducted to elucidate the origin of tetraploids (2n = 4x = 44) of paragonimus westermani that occur together with diploid (2n = 2x = 22) and triploid (2n = 3x = 33) types in liaoning province, the people's republic of china. metacercariae of the diploid type, obtained from hyogo prefecture, japan, and those of the triploid type from tsushima, nagasaki prefecture, japan, were mixed and inoculated into dogs and cats. the following results were obtained. the flukes were found in ... | 1996 | 8973404 |
| [two cases of paragonimus westermani in one family]. | a 68-year-old woman and her 28-year-old son ate some rare fresh-water crabs (eriocheir japonicus). the son became ill one month later with pleural effusion. after 10 months the mother's symptoms included cough, hemosputum and a nodular shadow on her chest x-ray. eosinophilia was present and the ouchterlony test showed strong bands toward paragonimus westermani antigen in both patients. they were diagnosed as having paragonimiasis westermani. the symptoms stopped after bithionol administration an ... | 1994 | 8084104 |
| effects of anti-ige mab on serum ige, fc epsilon rii/cd23 expression on splenic b cells and worm burden in mice infected with paragonimus westermani. | it is generally accepted that parasite-specific ige plays a crucial role in host defense against helminthic parasites. however, the role of high levels of nonspecific ige in helminthic infections is still controversial. to investigate the role of nonspecific ige in primary infections with p. westermani, the effect of anti-ige mab treatment on serum ige, fc epsilon rii/cd23 expression and worm burden in paragonimus-infected mice were examined. in mice treated with anti-ige antibody, the total ige ... | 1997 | 9100439 |
| [second report on intestinal parasites among the patients of seoul paik hospital (1984-1992)]. | the results of fecal examination for helminth eggs and protozoan cysts in seoul paik hospital during 1984-1992 are reported. fecal specimens of a total of 52,552 out- or inpatients were examined by formalin-ether sedimentation and/or direct smear method. the overall egg positive rate of helminths was 6.5% and the cyst positive rate of protozoa 2.5%. the egg positive rate (number of positive cases) for each species of helminth was; clonorchis sinensis 3.2% (1,667), trichuris trichiura 2.0% (1,089 ... | 1994 | 8167105 |
| variation of antigenic proteins of eggs and developmental stages of paragonimus westermani. | diagnosis of early paragonimiasis is difficult because parasitological evidence is not easily obtained. antibody tests have been proposed as a good substitute for classical diagnostic techniques. using the crude extracts of paragonimus westermani eggs, metacercariae, 4- and 7-week juveniles, and 16-week adults as antigens, we observed the early antibody responses. sera were obtained from 4 experimental cats, fed 50 metacercariae each, at intervals until 13 weeks post-infection. antibody (igg) re ... | 1997 | 9335185 |
| geographical genetic structure within the human lung fluke, paragonimus westermani, detected from dna sequences. | nucleotide sequences were obtained for the second internal transcribed spacer of the ribosomal gene repeat and for part of the mitochondrial-cytochrome c oxidase subunit i gene from geographical isolates of paragonimus westermani from japan, china, korea, taiwan, the philippines, peninsular malaysia and thailand. sequences were obtained from several other species of paragonimus for comparative purposes. two groups were recognized within p. westermani: an ne group (china, japan, korea, taiwan) wh ... | 1997 | 9364568 |
| cysteine protease activities during maturation stages of paragonimus westermani. | in mature paragonimus westermani, specific activity of parasitic cysteine protease declines. to clarify which of the known 17-, 27-, and 28-kda enzyme activities is decreased, the cysteine proteases were purified from the crude extracts of metacercariae, 4- and 7-wk juveniles, and 16-wk adults by gel filtration, ion-exchange, and affinity matrix chromatographies; the enzyme activity was monitored with the fluorogenic substrate, cbz-phe-arg-amc. in addition to 3 known enzymes, 2 other cysteine pr ... | 1997 | 9379296 |
| discovery of encysted paragonimus westermani eggs in the omentum of an asymptomatic elderly woman. | we report a case of asymptomatic chronic infiltrate of the omentum by eggs of paragonimus westermani in an elderly woman who had immigrated to taiwan from mainland china 46 years ago. the patient had a habit of eating raw freshwater crabs from the lakes of eastern china during her period of residence in that country. she stopped eating raw crabs after coming to taiwan 20 years ago. during surgery for a peptic ulcer complicated by severe bleeding in 1995, her omentum was found to contain many sma ... | 1997 | 9392605 |
| dermal mast cell responses in paragonimus westermani-infected mice. | this study was carried out to determine whether dermal mast cell responses to paragonimus westermani in an abnormal host, the mouse, were dependent on the site of metacercarial inoculation. in mice during subcutaneous infection, the number of dermal mast cells were increased significantly (p < 0.05) at the first week (38.3/mm2) and then persisted at a high level until the sixth week (45.2/mm2) of infection compared with pbs-injected (control) mice (range: 19.4-25.1/mm2). in mice during oral infe ... | 1997 | 9446907 |
| human lung fluke paragonimus heterotremus: differential diagnosis between paragonimus heterotremus and paragonimus westermani infections by eitb. | the specificity of three major polypeptides (35, 33 and 32.5 kd) from paragonimus heterotremus antigens prepared from ether-extracted adult worms was tested against sera from heterologous infections as well as against p. westermani-infected sera. only the 35 kd polypeptide was not present, its antigenic determinant being bound to the antibodies from all p. westermani-infected cases. its cross-reactivity against various sera from heterologous helminthiases and other lung infections showed that it ... | 1998 | 9484969 |
| [a case of paragonimiasis westermani diagnosed on the observation of parasitic ova in bronchial washing fluid and successfully treated with praziquantel]. | a 41-year-old male visited our clinic complaining of cough and dirty hemosputum. roentgenogram and ct scan of the chest revealed a cavitary nodule in the s1+2 of the left lung. after administration of antibiotics (cfix, aspc, fmox, cldm), the cavities were disappeared but the size of the nodule remained unchanged. because the possibility of lung cancer could not be excluded, we underwent transbronchial brushing and bronchial lavage. then, parasitic ova of paragonimus westermani was detected in b ... | 1993 | 8320468 |
| paragonimiasis westermani presenting as an asymptomatic nodular lesion in the lung: report of a case. | a 57-year-old man with a history of having consumed fresh-water crab 8 months previously presented with a solitary mass lesion in the left lung without any symptoms. since neoplastic disease could not be ruled out, an open biopsy was performed, and histological examination confirmed a definite diagnosis of paragonimiasis. a high level of the anti-paragonimus westermani antibody was detected in the sera of the patient, but this level decreased substantially 3 months after chemotherapy with bithio ... | 1998 | 9505330 |
| a clonorchis sinensis-specific antigen that detects active human clonorchiasis. | a clonorchis sinensis-specific antigen in excretory-secretory product of c. sinensis (cse) was assessed in human clonorchiasis by immunoblot. thirty and 7 kda antigens of cse2, one of four different batches of cses reacted strongly with infection sera from clonorchiasis patients; however, the antigens reacted weakly with 6-month post-treatment sera from praziquantel-cured cases, but were still highly detected by the sera from praziquantel-failed patients, indicating that the 30 and 7 kda antigen ... | 1998 | 9529862 |
| diagnosis of active paragonimus westermani infections with a monoclonal antibody-based antigen detection assay. | we evaluated the performance of dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays designed to detect species- and stage-specific antigens of paragonimus westermani in sera with monoclonal antibodies as serodiagnostic tests for active paragonimiasis. sera from all donors with parasitologically confirmed infections with p. westermani contained adult worm antigens, as did a high proportion of sera from persons suspected to be infected with this parasite. a smaller proportion of these sera also contained metac ... | 1993 | 8372955 |
| a cysteine protease of paragonimus westermani eggs. | protease activity was identified in crude extracts of paragonimus westermani eggs which were purified from infected dog lungs, isolated on 14 weeks after metacercarial challenge. the eggs were used after removing possibly contaminated host or worm tissues on their shell surfaces. in the crude egg extracts, high proteolytic activities against carboxybenzoyl-phenylalanyl-arginyl-4-methoxy-beta-naphthylamide (cbz-phe-arg-mna) and azocoll were detected whereas those against succinyl-alanyl-prolyl- p ... | 1995 | 8591010 |
| paragonimiasis and the genus paragonimus. | the review concentrates on literature that has appeared since the 1960s. since then, numerous species of paragonimus have been described, mainly from asia but also from africa and the americas. some of these cause disease in humans. recent information on life cycles and routes of transmission is summarized. all described species and their hosts are listed, with synonyms where known. for well-known species such as paragonimus westermani, subspecific taxa and strains are reviewed and genetic studi ... | 1999 | 10050273 |
| infection status of paragonimus westermani metacercariae in crayfish (cambaroides similis) collected from bogildo (islet), wando-gun, chollanam-do, korea. | during the period from october 1996 to november 1998, the infection status of paragonimus westermani metacercariae in freshwater crayfish (cambaroides similis) collected from bogildo (islet). wando-gun, chollanam-do, which is known for an endemic area of p. westermani in korea, were examined. the average infection rate of paragonimus metacercariae in crayfish was 88.6%, and mean number of metacercariae per infected crayfish was 30.2. this metacercarial density was the highest in the group of wei ... | 1999 | 10188385 |
| intra- and interindividual variation in its1 of paragonimus westermani (trematoda: digenea) and related species: implications for phylogenetic studies. | we investigated the utility of the ribosomal first internal transcribed spacer (its1) for phylogenetic studies on trematodes of the genus paragonimus. numerous clones containing its1 pcr products were sequenced for p. miyazakii, p. macrorchis, and members of the p. ohirai and p. westermani species complexes. some additional data were obtained by direct sequencing of pcr products. the its1 is composed of three distinct regions: the short 5' end, followed by a tract of approximately 120 nucleotide ... | 1999 | 10222162 |
| cloning of a cysteine proteinase gene from acanthamoeba culbertsoni. | free living amoeba, including pathogenic acanthamoeba culbertsoni, are widely distributed in soil and fresh water. it has been found that cysteine proteinases are more active in pathogenic strains of amoeba whereas serine proteinases are found in both pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. cysteine proteinases thus play important roles in the pathogenesis of several parasitic infections and have been proposed as targets for the structure-based strategy of drug design. as the first step toward app ... | 1999 | 10597037 |
| changes of splenocyte ifn-gamma mrna synthesis in rats infected with paragonimus westermani. | changes in the expression level of splenocyte ifn-gamma mrna of sprague-dawley (sd) rats infected with paragonimus westermani were analyzed by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) followed by southern blot. the template rna was extracted from the splenocytes of rats infected with 20 metacercariae of p. westermani. the products of competitive rt-pcr were subjected to southern blot and enhanced chemiluminescence (ecl), and analyzed with a densitometer. in comparison ... | 1999 | 10634046 |
| activities of different cysteine proteases of paragonimus westermani in cleaving human igg. | cleaving host immunoglobulins is a well known mechanism of evading host immune reactions exploited by helminth parasites. secreted cysteine proteases of helminth are a part of enzymes cleaving host igg. paragonimus westermani produces at least six different species of the cysteine protease in its developmental stages. this study was undertaken to evaluate comparatively the activities against human igg by the different enzymes. when the metacercariae, which secrete 27 and 28 kda cysteine protease ... | 1997 | 9241989 |
| excretory-secretory product of newly excysted metacercariae of paragonimus westermani directly induces eosinophil apoptosis. | eosinophils are important effector cells in host defense against parasites. excretory-secretory product (esp) produced by helminthic worms plays important roles in the uptake of nutrients, migration in the host tissue, and in immune modulation. however, little is known about the ability of the esp to directly trigger eosinophil apoptosis. this study investigated whether the esp of newly excysted metacercariae of paragonimus westermani could induce apoptosis in human eosinophils. apoptosis was as ... | 2000 | 10743354 |
| cloning of a cysteine proteinase cdna of adult paragonimus westermani by polymerase chain reaction. | cysteine proteinase cdna fragment from adult mammalian trematode, paragonimus westermani was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using degenerate oligonucleotide primers derived from conserved cysteine proteinase sequences. the 5' and the 3' regions of the cysteine proteinase gene were amplified using the pcr protocol for the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). it has an open reading frame of 804 bp. the deduced amino acid sequence consists of 268 amino aci ... | 1997 | 9264019 |
| scanning electron microscopy of newly excysted metacercariae of paragonimus westermani-like, nakhon nayok, thailand. | scanning electron microscope (sem) observation of surface structure was done on newly excysted metacercariae of paragonimus westermani-like (nakhon nayok, thailand). the surface of the body was covered with numerous single-pointed tegumentary spines, large dome-shaped papillae, small one with a pit, and small one with a smooth surface were situated around the suckers. there were 27 to 30 of the small dome-shaped papillae with a pit around the oral sucker and 10 to 13 of the small ones with a smo ... | 1998 | 10772558 |
| cloning and expression of a cysteine proteinase gene from paragonimus westermani adult worms. | a gene encoding a cysteine proteinase from paragonimus westermani has been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the cysteine proteinase cdna fragment was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using degenerate oligonucleotide primers derived from the conserved active site of the cysteine proteinase. the 5' and 3' regions of the gene were amplified using a pcr technique for the rapid amplification of cdna ends. the cloned gene has an open reading frame of 687 b ... | 2000 | 10780554 |
| paragonimiasis westermani with multifocal lesions in lungs and skin. | we report a case of paragonimus westermani infection with a reticulonodular lesion in the right lung, left pleural effusion, and a mobile subcutaneous mass. analyses of pleural effusion and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) showed marked eosinophilia and high levels of eosinophil cationic protein and interleukin (il)-5. transbronchial lung biopsy revealed the presence of pneumonia with mild eosinophilic infiltration but remarkable lymphocytic infiltration. in this patient, high il-5 levels in ... | 2000 | 10830191 |
| paragonimus westermani: a cytosolic glutathione s-transferase of a sigma-class in adult stage. | we purified cytosolic glutathione s-transferase (gst) of adult paragonimus westermani monitoring its activity with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (cdnb). the enzyme was purified 18.4-fold to electrophoretic homogeneity with 21% recovery rate through a three-step procedure. the purified enzyme (pw28gst) has a subunit molecular weight of 28 kda with an isoelectric point at 4.6. monoclonal antibody (anti-pw28gst) against pw28gst did not cross-react with gsts from other helminths. cdna library was cons ... | 2000 | 10831383 |
| persisting antibody reaction in paragonimiasis after praziquantel treatment is elicited mainly by egg antigens. | antibody responses in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples from patients with active and chronic paragonimiasis and in sera from patients on whom follow-up studies were done after praziquantel treatment were analyzed using antigens of paragonimus westermani prepared from eggs, metacercariae, juveniles of 4- and 7-week old, adult worms and recombinant protein of 28 kda cruzipain-like cysteine protease (rpw28ccp). the patient sera/csfs of active and chronic paragonimiasis revealed strong an ... | 2000 | 10905068 |
| partial characterization of a 17 kda protein of clonorchis sinensis. | a 17 kda protein from clonorchis sinensis adults was purified by a procedure including sephacryl s-200 hr gel filtration and q-sepharose anion exchange chromatography. the protein was proved to be a cysteine protease as it showed hydrolytic activity toward cbz-phe-arg-amc in the presence of dithiothreitol and was inhibited by specific inhibitors such as iodoacetic acid or trans epoxy-succinly-l-leucyl-amido(4-guanidino) butane. the polyclonal antibody raised against the protein reacted to 17 kda ... | 2000 | 10905071 |
| excretory-secretory product of paragonimus westermani newly excysted metacercariae inhibits superoxide production of granulocytes stimulated with igg. | it is well known that the cysteine proteases in excretory-secretory product (esp) of paragonimus westermani newly excysted metacercariae (pwnem) are capable of degrading igg in vitro. recent evidence suggests that the igg-coated surface, such as found on parasites, is one of the most effective physiologic stimuli for granulocyte activation. therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of excretory-secretory product (esp) of pwnem on superoxide production of granulocytes stimulate ... | 2000 | 10905073 |