| drinking induced by angiotensin ii in fishes. | among 20 species of freshwater fishes examined, pseudorasbora parva, rhodeus ocellatus, cobitis anguillicaudatus, carassius auratus, oryzias latipes, gambusia affinis, and gyrinocheilus anymonieri were found to drink water like seawater fishes, while 13 remaining species did not drink. for fish species found exclusively in fresh water, angiotensin ii (aii) treatment did not induce drinking. in contrast, those freshwater fishes which survive in estuarine brackish water (leuciscus hakonensis, c. c ... | 1983 | 6840524 |
| prey selection by mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) in california rice fields: effect of vegetation and prey species. | mosquitofish are widely used for biological control of mosquito larvae in rice fields, but the presence of different types of vegetation or alternative arthropod prey affects the performance of the fish. feeding experiments were conducted in 4 rice field vegetation zones. overall, predation was maximal in young and mature rice, moderate in the submerged naiad vegetation, and minimal in areas of open water. a preference for fourth instar culex tarsalis mosquito larvae over daphnia pulex and the a ... | 1990 | 2324716 |
| spatial distributions of anopheles freeborni, gambusia affinis and lepomis cyanellus in experimental rice plots. | | 1989 | 2746211 |
| direct and indirect effect of predators on anopheles gambiae sensu stricto. | the increased insecticides resistance by vectors and the ecological harm imposed by insecticides to beneficial organisms drawback mosquitoes chemical control efforts. biological control would reduce insecticides tolerance and yet biodiversity friend. the predatory and non-predatory effects of gambusia affinis and carassius auratus on gravid anopheles gambiae sensu strict and larvae survivorship were assessed. in determining predation rate, a single starved predator was exposed to third instar la ... | 2015 | 25438260 |
| evaluating mosquito control pesticides for effect on target and nontarget organisms. | recent requirements for biomonitoring of urban stormwater runoff have raised the issue of toxic contributions from mosquito control products. a comparison of seven pesticides for their toxicity to target and nontarget organisms was conducted in field and laboratory trials to determine relative impacts in and around craighead county, arkansas. twenty-four and forty-eight-hour acute toxicity tests using ceriodaphnia dubia, daphnia magna, daphnia pulex, and pimephales promelas were employed with u. ... | 2000 | 10948282 |
| eco-friendly control of malaria and arbovirus vectors using the mosquitofish gambusia affinis and ultra-low dosages of mimusops elengi-synthesized silver nanoparticles: towards an integrative approach? | mosquito-borne diseases represent a deadly threat for millions of people worldwide. however, the use of synthetic insecticides to control culicidae may lead to high operational costs and adverse non-target effects. plant-borne compounds have been proposed for rapid extracellular synthesis of mosquitocidal nanoparticles. their impact against biological control agents of mosquito larval populations has been poorly studied. we synthesized silver nanoparticles (agnp) using the aqueous leaf extract o ... | 2015 | 26300364 |
| size specific predation by herons and its effect on the sex-ratio of natural populations of the mosquito fish gambusia affinis baird and girard. | sex-ratios of gambusia affinis populations in freshwater marshes in the camargue (rhône delta), are highly biased in favour of males, whereas the sex-ratios in ditches are close to unity. studies of the diet of free living birds and experimental studies on prey size selection in captivity show that the abnormal sex-ratios in marshes can be attributed to differential heron predation. ditches are relatively free from predation. mature female gambusia are larger, and have an energy content 5-25 tim ... | 1982 | 28311103 |
| elements in fish of malibu creek and malibu lagoon near los angeles, california. | our aim was to assess whether past discharges from a wastewater treatment plant increased metal pollutant loads in stream mobile species in a one-day baseline sampling study that included a coastal wetland. mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) of two sizes, black bullhead (ameiurus melas), and crayfish (pacifastacus leniusculus) were collected from malibu creek, and california killifish (fundulus parvipinnis) of three sizes, as well as arroyo chub (gila orcutti) were sampled from malibu lagoon near l ... | 2003 | 12705915 |
| testing wetland features to increase amphibian reproductive success and species richness for mitigation and restoration. | aquatic habitat features can directly influence the abundance, species richness, and quality of juvenile amphibians recruited into adult populations. we examined the influences of within-wetland slope, vegetation, and stocked mosquito fish (gambusia affinis) on amphibian metamorph production and species richness during the first two years post-construction at 18 experimental wetlands in northeast missouri (u.s.a.) grasslands. we used an information theoretic approach (aicc) to rank regression mo ... | 2012 | 22908722 |
| a novel biopesticide ponneem to control human vector mosquitoes anopheles stephensi l. and culex quinquefasciatus say. | organophosphate pesticides are widely used in vector mosquito management and agricultural pest management. these chemicals enter into natural water bodies and soil and cause hazards to the environment. the objective of this study was to prepare a natural pesticide which will not harm the environment and yet control vector mosquitoes. ponneem, a novel biopesticide, patented and prepared from the oils of azadirachta indica and pongamia glabra, was tested against anopheles stephensi and culex quinq ... | 2015 | 25929457 |
| impact of certain plants and synthetic molluscicides on some fresh water snails and fish. | the lc50 (78, 85 ppm) and lc90 (88, 135 ppm) of anagalis arvensis and calendula micrantha respectively against biomphalaria alexandrina were higher than those of the non-target snails, physa acuta, planorbis planorbis, helisoma duryi and melanoides tuberculata. in contrast, the lc50 of niclosamide (0.11 ppm) and copper sulphate (cuso4) (0.42 ppm) against b. alexandrina were lower than those of the non-target snails. the mortalities percentage among non-target snails ranged between 0.0 & 20% when ... | 2005 | 16333905 |
| toxicity and bioconcentration of chlorpyrifos in aquatic organisms: artemia parthenogenetica(crustacea), gambusia affinis, and aphanius iberus (pisces). | | 2000 | 11014847 |
| correlation between biochemical parameters and susceptibility of freshwater fish to malathion. | acute toxicity (96-h lc50) of malathion was tested using five species of freshwater fish, namely, topmouth gudgeon (pseudorasbora parva), goldfish (carassius auratus), nile tilapia (tilapia nilotica), mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), and rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri). correlation was found between susceptibility and biochemical parameters such as activity of brain acetylcholinesterase (ache) and in vitro resistance of the enzyme to inhibition (ic50) of malaoxon (a major metabolite of malathion ... | 1996 | 8691510 |
| in vivo and in vitro assessment of the androgenic potential of a pulp and paper mill effluent. | the androgenic potential of a new zealand pulp and paper mill effluent was measured by applying a combination of in vitro and in vivo bioassays with mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) and goldfish (carassius auratus). the in vivo method assessed the rate of gonopodial development (masculinization) and alterations from normal reproductive behavior in adult female mosquitofish exposed for 21 d to untreated or secondary-treated pulp mill effluent. a second in vivo mosquitofish exposure tested the effe ... | 2003 | 12836968 |
| activity of esterases from different tissues of freshwater fish and responses of their isoenzymes to inhibitors. | activity of nonspecific esterase from different tissues (i.e., liver, gallbladder, heart, intestine, and muscle) of five species of freshwater fish, namely, topmouth gudgeon (pseudorasbora parva), goldfish (carassius auratus), nile tilapia (tilapia nilotica), mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), and rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri) was tested using alpha-naphthyl acetate as substrate. the results indicated that activity of the enzyme was mainly concentrated in the digestive system (i.e., intestine, l ... | 1997 | 9176555 |
| effects of fish cues on mosquito larvae development. | we investigated the effects of predator-released kairomones on life history traits of larval culex pipiens (linnaeus). we compared the development time and survival of sibling larvae, reared in either water conditioned by the presence of gambusia affinis (baird and girard) or fishless control-water. our results indicate that larvae developing in fish-conditioned water (fcw) pupated faster than larvae in fishless-control water. the effect of fcw on larval survival was evident only in females. sur ... | 2015 | 26259816 |
| ovipositional responses of two culex (diptera: culicidae) species to larvivorous fish. | species-specific differences in the responses of egg-laying mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) to the presence of fish exudates in oviposition sites in laboratory bioassays have been related to the likelihood of encountering mosquito-eating fish in natural oviposition sites. we examined the responses of egg-laying mosquitoes to the presence of larvivorous fish in oviposition sites to test this hypothesis in the field. the number of culex tarsalis coquillett egg rafts laid on mesocosms (15.5 m2; 8 m ... | 2009 | 19960678 |
| colonization of abandoned swimming pools by larval mosquitoes and their predators following hurricane katrina. | thousands of flooded swimming pools were abandoned in new orleans following hurricane katrina and provided a natural experiment to examine colonization of a novel aquatic habitat by mosquito larvae and their aquatic predators. we conducted a randomized survey of flooded swimming pools in two neighborhoods in january 2006 and found that 64% contained mosquito larvae, 92% contained predatory invertebrates, and 47% contained fishes. we collected 12,379 immature mosquitoes representing five species, ... | 2008 | 18697320 |
| effects of inorganic nitrogen enrichment on mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) and the associated aquatic community in constructed treatment wetlands. | ammonium nitrogen (nh4-n) is a significant component of municipal and agricultural wastewaters, and nitrogen reduction is an important use of constructed treatment wetlands. the effects of ammonium nitrogen enrichment on resources of larval mosquitoes, larval mosquito abundance, adult mosquito production, and the abundance of related wetland organisms were examined in 0.1-ha replicate treatment wetlands. the hypothesis of a bottom-up effect induced by ammonium addition was not supported by bacte ... | 2005 | 16363159 |
| fish out of water: terrestrial jumping by fully aquatic fishes. | many teleosts that live at the water's edge will voluntarily strand themselves to evade predators or escape poor conditions-this behavior has been repeatedly observed in the field for killifishes (cyprinodontiformes). although most killifishes are considered fully aquatic and possess no obvious morphological specializations to facilitate terrestrial locomotion, individuals from several different species have been observed moving across land via a "tail flip" behavior that generates a terrestrial ... | 2011 | 21972177 |
| comparative study of the anatomy and laminar organization in the olfactory bulb of three orders of freshwater teleosts. | the anatomy and lamination of the olfactory bulb in cyprinus carpio, tinca tinca, barbus bocagei (fam. cyprinidae, or. cypriniformes); salmo gairdneri (fam. salmonidae, or. salmoniformes); and gambusia affinis (fam. poeciliidae, or. cyprinodontiformes), all of them freshwater teleosts, are studied. these species show significative differences on the location, size, morphology, and lamination of their olfactory bulbs. the presence of a new stratum in the olfactory bulb of salmo gairdneri and a co ... | 1989 | 2759410 |
| differential infectivity of transversotrema patialense for naive fish. | the discovery of transversotrema patialense cercariae in an aquarium harboring tropical fish triggered the present study. the purpose was to estimate the potential range of infection of local freshwater and fishpond populations by t. patialense. experimental infection of t. patialense differed among 3 species employed: 76.5% for tilapia zillii, 37.8% for gambusia affinis, and none for 2 varieties of cyprinus carpio. these patterns of infectivity are different from those published previously for ... | 2005 | 17089771 |
| context-dependent effects of bluegill in experimental mesocosm communities. | most knowledge of direct and indirect effects of zooplanktivorous fish has come from studies in which a treatment with a zooplanktivore is compared to a fishless control. however, effects of a zooplanktivore may be different in the presence of other fish species because the other fish have direct and indirect effects that may alter the effects of the zooplanktivore in question. to test this hypothesis, we conducted a tank mesocosm experiment of 2×2 factorial design in which the presence and abse ... | 2000 | 28308293 |
| effects of acute changes in salinity and temperature on routine metabolism and nitrogen excretion in gambusia (gambusia affinis) and zebrafish (danio rerio). | acute stress may affect metabolism and nitrogen excretion as part of the adaptive response that allows animals to face adverse environmental changes. in the present paper the acute effects of different salinities and temperatures on routine metabolism, spontaneous activity and excretion of ammonia and urea were studied in two freshwater fish: gambusia, gambusia affinis and zebrafish, danio rerio, acclimated to 27 degrees c. the effects on gill morphology were also evaluated. five salinities (0 p ... | 2010 | 20674761 |
| ecological aspects of nematode parasites of introduced salmonids from valdivia river basin, chile. | between 1986 and 1987, 666 fishes distributed among the following species introduced in chile, and from different sectors of the valdivia river basin (39 degrees 30'-40 degrees 00's, 73 degrees 30'-71 degrees 45'w), were examined: 348 salmo trutta, 242 salmo gairdneri, 24 cyprinus carpio and 52 gambusia affinis holbrooki. the presence of camallanus corderoi and contracaecum sp. in s. gairdneri and of c. corderoi in s. trutta is recorded in chile for the first time. cyprinus carpio and g. a. holb ... | 2006 | 1842391 |
| examination of host phenotypes in gambusia affinis following antibiotic treatment. | the commonality of antibiotic usage in medicine means that understanding the resulting consequences to the host is vital. antibiotics often decrease host microbiome community diversity and alter the microbial community composition. many diseases such as antibiotic-associated enterocolitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and metabolic disorders have been linked to a disrupted microbiota. the complex interplay between host, microbiome, and antibiotics needs a tractable model for studying host-microbi ... | 2017 | 28287527 |
| increasing agricultural land use is associated with the spread of an invasive fish (gambusia affinis). | land-use change and invasive species pose major threats to ecosystems globally. these stressors can act together, with disturbance due to changes in land-use facilitating invasion. we examined the potential for agricultural land use to facilitate the establishment and population growth (abundance) of a globally invasive fish (gambusia affinis). to achieve this we examined gambusia presence, abundance, and life history traits in 31 streams spanning an agricultural land use gradient in the north i ... | 2017 | 28214124 |
| acute exposure to 17α-ethinylestradiol alters aggressive behavior of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) toward japanese medaka (oryzias latipes). | behavior of the mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) toward the japanese medaka (oryzias latipes) was tested under exposure to environmental 17α-ethinylestradiol (ee2), a synthetic derivative of natural estrogen, estradiol. the mosquitofish were exposed to ee2 at different concentrations-0, 0.5, 5.0, and 50.0 ng/l-for 2 days, before their behavioral changes toward the medaka were observed. results indicate that female mosquitofish became more aggressive at the high level of ee2 (50 ng/l), in terms of ... | 2017 | 28160040 |
| the effect of chronic silver nanoparticles on aquatic system in microcosms. | silver nanoparticles (agnps) inevitably discharge into aquatic environments due to their abundant use in antibacterial products. it was reported that in laboratory conditions, agnps display dose-dependent toxicity to aquatic organisms, such as bacteria, algae, macrophytes, snails and fishes. however, agnps could behave differently in natural complex environments. in the present study, a series of microcosms were established to investigate the distribution and toxicity of agnps at approximately 5 ... | 2017 | 28117183 |
| differential sensitivity to estrogen-induced opsin expression in two poeciliid freshwater fish species. | the sensory system shapes an individual's perception of the world, including social interactions with conspecifics, habitat selection, predator detection, and foraging behavior. sensory signaling can be modulated by steroid hormones, making these processes particularly vulnerable to environmental perturbations. here we examine the influence of exogenous estrogen manipulation on the visual physiology of female western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) and sailfin mollies (poecilia latipinna), two p ... | 2016 | 28013033 |
| partial gene sequencing of cyp1a, vitellogenin, and metallothionein in mosquitofish gambusia yucatana and gambusia sexradiata. | ground characteristics in the yucatan peninsula make recovery and treatment of wastewater very expensive. this situation has contributed to an increase of pollutants in the aquifer. unfortunately, studies related to the effects of those pollutants in native organisms are scarce. the aim of this work was to obtain partial sequences of widely known genes used as biomarkers of pollutant effect in gambusia yucatana and gambusia sexradiata. the studied genes were: cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a); vitellog ... | 2017 | 27913826 |
| microhabitat selection and eyefluke infection levels in the western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). | several trematode species infect the eyes of fish as second intermediate hosts. in most cases the definitive host is a piscivorous bird. studies of a few species have shown an increase in transmission due to decreased visual acuity of the fish host. however, this may vary depending on trematode microhabitat choice within the eye. some trematode species are found in the lens, some are found in the vitreous humor, and others have been reported from the retina. here we report 3 genera of eyeflukes ... | 2017 | 27723428 |
| [effects of starvation on the consumption of energy sources and swimming performance in juvenile gambusia affinis and tanichthys albonubes]. | to explore the consumption of energy sources and swimming performance of juvenile gambusia affinis and tanichthys albonubes after starvation, contents of glycogen, lipid and protein, burst swimming speeds (uburst), and critical swimming speeds (ucrit) at different starvation times (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days) were evaluated. the results showed that, at 0 day, contents of glycogen and lipid were significantly lower in g. affinis than those in t. albonubes, whereas no significant difference in cont ... | 2016 | 27228620 |
| exploratory behaviour and novel predator recognition: behavioural correlations across contexts. | it was hypothesized that the exploratory behaviour of an individual measured in a novel environment could predict its behaviour in response to a novel predator. this study examined novel predator recognition in the western mosquitofish gambusia affinis, a species with individual differences in risk-taking, activity and exploration in novel environments. prey responded with characteristic shoaling and avoidance in response to native predators, but did not show characteristic antipredator behaviou ... | 2016 | 27220896 |
| multi-biomarker responses as indication of contaminant effects in gambusia affinis from impacted rivers by municipal effluents. | this study investigated toxic effects in mosquitofish from two urban rivers of south china impacted by municipal effluents by using multiple biomarkers including fish morphology, biochemical indicators and transcriptional responses, and explored potential cause-effect relationship with a list of chemicals (metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and pesticides). the results showed significant alterations in metallothionein (mt) protein and mrna expression in mosquitofish collected from t ... | 2016 | 27135591 |
| bioaccumulation and bioconcentration of carbamazepine and other pharmaceuticals in fish under field and controlled laboratory experiments. evidences of carbamazepine metabolization by fish. | there is a growing interest in evaluating the presence of pharmaceutical residues and their metabolites in aquatic biota. in this study, twenty pharmaceuticals, including carbamazepine (cbz) and two metabolites, were analyzed in homogenates of two fish species (gambusia affinis and jenynsia multidentata) captured in polluted areas of the suquía river (córdoba, argentina). the twenty target pharmaceuticals were found in g. affinis, while only fifteen were detected in j. multidentata. we observed ... | 2016 | 26994794 |
| effects of roundup formulations, nutrient addition, and western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) on aquatic communities. | aquatic communities can be affected by herbicides, nutrient addition, and non-native fish species. we conducted a mesocosm experiment to examine the direct and interactive effects of three stressors: (1) roundup formulations (roundup weed and grass killer(®) and roundup poison ivy and tough brush killer plus(®)), (2) nutrient addition, and (3) the presence of the non-native western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), on experimental pond communities. roundup formulations had the most widespread eff ... | 2016 | 26944427 |
| feminization and masculinization of western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) observed in rivers impacted by municipal wastewaters. | municipal wastewaters have been known to contain various estrogens and androgens. little is known about the joint action of these chemicals from wastewaters on fishes in the aquatic environment. the objectives of this study were to investigate the estrogenic and/or androgenic effects in wild mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) of two effluent-impacted rivers in south china by determining morphological changes and hepatic mrna expression levels of relevant genes such as vitellogenin (vtg), estrogen r ... | 2016 | 26876344 |
| effects from a short-term exposure to copper or cadmium in gravid females of the livebearer fish (gambusia affinis). | we investigated the reproductive effects of a 10-day maternal metal exposure in the live-bearing western mosquitofish. we exposed gravid females to 0.15µm copper or cadmium and monitored reproduction-related variables over the subsequent 8-month breeding season. females gave birth to 1-5 broods, a number not affected by the exposure. their first brood's size was reduced following exposure to either metal, while this effect was still evident for the second brood of copper-exposed females. metal-e ... | 2015 | 25957081 |
| monitoring and assessment of environmental disturbance on natural gambusia affinis populations--histopathological analysis. | physiological investigations are often used to assess the toxic effects of aquatic pollutants in fish and to establish criteria for water quality. in the present study, we tend to investigate the growth performance, skeletal abnormalities, and histological alterations noticed in three natural populations of the mosquitofish gambusia affinis captured from three estuary sites. the analysis of growth performance demonstrated that the studied populations showed different growth patterns. additionall ... | 2015 | 25937497 |
| experimental dosing of wetlands with coagulants removes mercury from surface water and decreases mercury bioaccumulation in fish. | mercury pollution is widespread globally, and strategies for managing mercury contamination in aquatic environments are necessary. we tested whether coagulation with metal-based salts could remove mercury from wetland surface waters and decrease mercury bioaccumulation in fish. in a complete randomized block design, we constructed nine experimental wetlands in california's sacramento-san joaquin delta, stocked them with mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), and then continuously applied agricultural ... | 2015 | 25893963 |
| effects of ration levels on growth and reproduction from larvae to first-time spawning in the female gambusia affinis. | somatic growth and reproduction were examined in individual laboratory-grown female gambusia affinis fed with high (h), medium (m) and low (l) ration levels from birth to the first-time spawning. results showed that the body length and weight, condition factor (cf), wet weight gain (wg(w)), specific growth rate in wet weight (sgr(w)) and ration levels in terms of energy (rl(e)) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with decreasing ration levels from birth to first-time spawning. on the contrary, th ... | 2015 | 25768343 |
| a transcriptome derived female-specific marker from the invasive western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). | sex-specific markers are a prerequisite for understanding reproductive biology, genetic factors involved in sex differences, mechanisms of sex determination, and ultimately the evolution of sex chromosomes. the western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis, may be considered a model species for sex-chromosome evolution, as it displays female heterogamety (zw/zz), and is also ecologically interesting as a worldwide invasive species. here, de novo rna-sequencing on the gonads of sexually mature g. affini ... | 2015 | 25707007 |
| physiological effects and reduced tolerance following maternal metal exposure in the live-bearing fish gambusia affinis. | the present study assessed the effects of maternal copper or cadmium exposure in a live-bearing fish. after a 10-d exposure to background levels (control) or 0.15 μm copper or cadmium, gravid females were transferred to clean water. once a female gave birth, the authors analyzed her newborn offspring for lipid peroxidation, elemental composition (copper, cadmium, and calcium), and metal tolerance. the authors raised other offspring until sexual maturity and analyzed their growth rate, incidence ... | 2015 | 25663450 |
| effects on life history variables and population dynamics following maternal metal exposure in the live-bearing fish gambusia affinis. | this study investigated the effect of maternal copper and maternal cadmium exposure on life history variables and population dynamics in a live-bearing fish species. gravid females were exposed to copper, cadmium, or background metal levels (control); maternal transfer of the metals was previously demonstrated using the exact same design. each female's first brood, born after the exposure, was subdivided into two groups. one group was raised in the laboratory, to assess time-to and size-at sexua ... | 2015 | 25564012 |
| viability costs of reproduction and behavioral compensation in western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). | the cost of reproduction hypothesis suggests that current reproduction has inherent tradeoffs with future reproduction. these tradeoffs can be both in the form of energy allocated to current offspring as opposed to somatic maintenance and future reproduction (allocation costs), or as an increase in mortality as a result of morphological or physiological changes related to reproduction (viability costs). individuals may be able to decrease viability costs by altering behavior. female western mosq ... | 2014 | 25365426 |
| evidence of maternal copper and cadmium transfer in two live-bearing fish species. | we studied maternal transfer of an essential metal (copper) and a non-essential one (cadmium) in the live-bearing fishes heterandria formosa and gambusia affinis. the goals of this study were: (1) to determine whether metals are transferred from exposed females to their developing offspring; (2) to determine if this transfer differs between two fish species that differ in their degree of maternal provisioning during development; (3) to determine the duration of maternal metal transfer once femal ... | 2014 | 25194944 |
| heads or tails: do stranded fish (mosquitofish, gambusia affinis) know where they are on a slope and how to return to the water? | aquatic vertebrates that emerge onto land to spawn, feed, or evade aquatic predators must return to the water to avoid dehydration or asphyxiation. how do such aquatic organisms determine their location on land? do particular behaviors facilitate a safe return to the aquatic realm? in this study, we asked: will fully-aquatic mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) stranded on a slope modulate locomotor behavior according to body position to facilitate movement back into the water? to address this questi ... | 2014 | 25162613 |
| molecular evidence for the predation of critically endangered endemic aphanius transgrediens from the stomach contents of world wide invasive gambusia affinis. | predation and competition among native and invasive species are difficult to study in aquatic environments. identification of preys from semi-digested body parts sampled from stomach contents of the predator is very challenging. recent studies were mainly based on use of dna extracted from stomach content to identify the prey species. this study presents the molecular evidence that reveals the predation of critically endangered aphanius transgrediens by world-wide invasive gambusia affinis for a ... | 2016 | 25082451 |
| abundance of gap junctions at glutamatergic mixed synapses in adult mosquitofish spinal cord neurons. | "dye-coupling", whole-mount immunohistochemistry for gap junction channel protein connexin 35 (cx35), and freeze-fracture replica immunogold labeling (fril) reveal an abundance of electrical synapses/gap junctions at glutamatergic mixed synapses in the 14th spinal segment that innervates the adult male gonopodium of western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis (mosquitofish). to study gap junctions' role in fast motor behavior, we used a minimally-invasive neural-tract-tracing technique to introduce g ... | 2014 | 25018700 |
| effect of age-based and environment-based cues on reproductive investment in gambusia affinis. | we examined the multivariate life-history trajectories of age 0 and age 1 female gambusia affinis to determine relative effects of age-based and environment-based cues on reproductive investment. age 0 females decreased reproductive investment prior to the onset of fall and winter months, while age 1 females increased reproductive investment as the summer progressed. the reproductive restraint and terminal investment patterns exhibited by age 0 and age 1 females, respectively, were consistent wi ... | 2014 | 24967079 |
| effects of cutrine-plus® algaecide and predators on wood frog (lithobates sylvaticus) tadpole survival and growth. | copper contamination is increasing in many aquatic ecosystems. one mode by which copper can be introduced into aquatic ecosystems is as an algaecide, such as cutrine-plus®. using a mesocosm experiment, we examined the effects of cutrine-plus® on wood frog (lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles. in addition, we examined how the presence of a nonnative predator the western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) may interact with exposure to cutrine-plus®. exposure to our low and high cutrine-plus® treatments h ... | 2014 | 24943889 |
| expression patterns of metallothionein, cytochrome p450 1a and vitellogenin genes in western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) in response to heavy metals. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three metals (zn, cd and pb) on hepatic metallothionein (mt), cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) and vitellogenin (vtg) mrna expression in the liver of adult female mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) after 1, 3 or 8d. both concentration-response and time-course effects of hepatic mt, cyp1a and vtg at the transcription level were determined by quantitative real-time pcr. the results from this study showed that zn, cd and pb could significantly induced mt, ... | 2014 | 24793519 |
| assessment of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) health indicators in relation to domestic wastewater discharges in suburbs of houston, usa. | personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and other contaminants of emerging concern (cecs) in domestic wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) effluents can impact aquatic organisms. health indicators were compared for mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) collected above and below wwtp discharges from five streams in suburban areas of the houston metropolitan area, texas, usa. specimens were evaluated for reproductive, morphological, and histological indicators. several indicators revealed significant spat ... | 2014 | 24615506 |
| plasticity of the mate choice mind: courtship evokes choice-like brain responses in females from a coercive mating system. | female mate choice is fundamental to sexual selection, and determining molecular underpinnings of female preference variation is important for understanding mating character evolution. previously it was shown that whole-brain expression of a synaptic plasticity marker, neuroserpin, positively correlates with mating bias in the female choice poeciliid, xiphophorus nigrensis, when exposed to conspecific courting males, whereas this relationship is reversed in gambusia affinis, a mate coercive poec ... | 2014 | 24548673 |
| study on the heavy metal bioconcentrations of the shadegan international wetland mosquitofish, gambusia affinis, by inductively coupled plasma technique. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of heavy metal bioconcentration of the mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) in shadegan international wetland. sampling including the water, waterbed sediment and mosquitofish was carried out from the selected sampling sites during october and november 2011, and analyzed by the icp-oes. results show that the water has poor qualitative condition, according to epa and who water quality standards. the level of the water cr in the selected sites in bot ... | 2013 | 24499681 |
| occurrence and bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals in a fish species inhabiting the suquía river basin (córdoba, argentina). | in south america, there is a lack of data concerning the occurrence and levels of pharmaceuticals in main rivers as well as their negative effects on the biota. here we report the occurrence as well as the spatial and temporal variations of some common prescribed pharmaceuticals in the suquía river basin (córdoba, argentina). we also report the bioconcentration of two of them in gambusia affinis, a widely distributed fish species inhabiting the river basin. the influence of the wastewater treatm ... | 2014 | 24295755 |
| zebrafish (danio rerio) behavioural response to bioinspired robotic fish and mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). | the field of ethorobotics holds promise in aiding fundamental research in animal behaviour, whereby it affords fully controllable and easily reproducible experimental tools. most of the current ethorobotics studies are focused on the behavioural response of a selected target species as it interacts with a biologically-inspired robot in controlled laboratory conditions. in this work, we first explore the interactions between two social fish species and a robotic fish, whose design is inspired by ... | 2013 | 23999758 |
| differences in swimming ability and its response to starvation among male and female gambusia affinis. | to explore the differences in the swimming ability and environmental adaptive abilities between male and female gambusia affinis, we assessed the differences in burst swimming speeds (uburst), critical swimming speeds (ucrit) and their related fin areas, and consumption of energy substances after starvation at 0 (control group), 15, 30, 45, and 60 days, respectively. the results showed that the pectoral and caudal fin areas did not differ significantly between male and female g. affinis however, ... | 2017 | 28396491 |
| personality-dependent dispersal cancelled under predation risk. | dispersal is a fundamental life-history trait for many ecological processes. recent studies suggest that dispersers, in comparison to residents, display various phenotypic specializations increasing their dispersal inclination or success. among them, dispersers are believed to be consistently more bold, exploratory, asocial or aggressive than residents. these links between behavioural types and dispersal should vary with the cause of dispersal. however, with the exception of one study, personali ... | 2013 | 24197414 |
| protective effect of spirulina and tamarind fruit pulp diet supplement in fish (gambusia affinis baird & girard) exposed to sublethal concentration of fluoride, aluminum and aluminum fluoride. | protective role of diet supplements (spirulina, tamarind fruit pulp and their combination) on a freshwater fish g. affinis exposed at sublethal concentration of fluoride (f-) (10 ppm), al(+3) (3 ppm) and aluminum fluoride (alf3) (35.4 ppm) in the microcosms (15 l sized) for 30-60 days in winter (90 days in summer) has been reported. toxic effects of chemicals were manifested as higher fish mortality (4-50%) and acid (approximately -30%) and alkaline phosphatase (25-50%) contents, but reduction i ... | 2012 | 23986974 |
| variation in social information use: the influences of information reliability and mass on decision making in a group-living fish gambusia affinis. | the effect of the reliability of available social information was assessed by examining whether the age of social information changes its effects on a foraging decision in a group-living fish gambusia affinis. individuals switched their patch preference when faced with social information that conflicted with personal information in general; the age of the social information, however, did not significantly influence preference for feeding patch. the mass of decision makers was positively correlat ... | 2013 | 23731154 |
| mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) responds differentially to a robotic fish of varying swimming depth and aspect ratio. | in this study, we explore the feasibility of using bioinspired robotics to influence the behaviour of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), a social freshwater fish species that is extensively studied for the ecological issues associated with its diffusion in non-native environments. specifically, in a dichotomous choice test, we investigate the behavioural response of small shoals of mosquitofish to a robotic fish inspired by mosquitofish in its colouration, shape, aspect ratio, and locomotion. our ... | 2013 | 23684918 |
| effects of steroid hormones on reproduction- and detoxification-related gene expression in adult male mosquitofish, gambusia affinis. | the molecular mechanisms that mediate fish reproduction and detoxification in response to steroid hormones were studied by using adult male western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) as sentinel species. the expression patterns of three vitellogenins (vtga, vtgb and vtgc), two estrogen receptors (erα and erβ), two androgen receptors (arα and arβ), metallothionein (mt) and cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) in the liver and testis of adult male mosquitofish were assessed through exposure treatments with pro ... | 2013 | 23665278 |
| upstream effects of a reservoir on fish assemblages 45 years following impoundment. | fish assemblage structure, rarefied species richness, species diversity and evenness of assemblages upstream of a reservoir in oklahoma, u.s.a., were compared pre and post-impoundment as well as in contemporary collections from streams above and below the reservoir. there were significant shifts in assemblage structure between historical and contemporary collections above the reservoir but not between contemporary assemblages above and below the impoundment. indicator species analysis revealed t ... | 2013 | 23639160 |
| estrogenic and androgenic effects in mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) from streams contaminated by municipal effluent in guangzhou, china. | the study reported in this paper used mosquitofish to investigate the estrogenic and androgenic effects of municipal wastewater contamination on the stream system in guangzhou, china. western mosquitofish collected from a reference site and five study sites in streams forming part of the pearl river network were dissected and analyzed for their morphological characteristics (anal fin and hemal spine characteristics) and target mrna expression of genes (vtgα and erα mrna expression). increased vt ... | 2013 | 23518472 |
| mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) preference and behavioral response to animated images of conspecifics altered in their color, aspect ratio, and swimming depth. | mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) is an example of a freshwater fish species whose remarkable diffusion outside its native range has led to it being placed on the list of the world's hundred worst invasive alien species (international union for conservation of nature). here, we investigate mosquitofish shoaling tendency using a dichotomous choice test in which computer-animated images of their conspecifics are altered in color, aspect ratio, and swimming level in the water column. pairs of virtual ... | 2013 | 23342131 |
| the role of genetic structure in the adaptive divergence of populations experiencing saltwater intrusion due to relative sea-level rise. | saltwater intrusion into estuaries creates stressful conditions for nektonic species. previous studies have shown that gambusia affinis populations with exposure to saline environments develop genetic adaptations for increased survival during salinity stress. here, we evaluate the genetic structure of g. affinis populations, previously shown to have adaptations for increased salinity tolerance, and determine the impact of selection and gene flow on structure of these populations. we found that g ... | 2012 | 23116362 |
| gambusia quadruncus (cyprinodontiformes: poeciliidae): a new species of mosquitofish from east-central méxico. | gambusia quadruncus n. sp., the llanos mosquitofish, is described from east-central méxico. the region inhabited by the species represents a hotspot of diversity of gambusia, and g. quadruncus sometimes coexists with at least three congeners. the species differs from its closest relative, gambusia affinis, in several characteristics with plausible effects on reproductive isolation, e.g. body size, body and fin morphology, male genital morphology (distal tip of gonopodium) and female anal spot mo ... | 2012 | 23020559 |
| looking for sexual selection in the female brain. | female mate choice behaviour has significant evolutionary consequences, yet its mechanistic origins are not fully understood. recent studies of female sensory systems have made great strides in identifying internal mechanisms governing female preferences. only recently, however, have we begun to identify the dynamic genomic response associated with mate choice behaviour. poeciliids provide a powerful comparative system to examine genomic responses governing mate choice and female preference beha ... | 2012 | 22777022 |
| influence of cadmium exposure on growth and fecundity of freshwater mosquitofish gambusia affinis: in situ and in vivo studies. | this study aims to investigate the effect of cadmium (cd) exposure on growth and fecundity of mosquitofish gambusia affinis. for this purpose, two natural populations of pregnant females of g. affinis captured from two sites were differently contaminated with cd (s1 present cd levels 5-fold higher than s2) and a sublethal exposure to 0.4 mg cdcl(2)/l (10% of lc(50)) during 56 days was conducted in vivo. the length-weight regression revealed a significant difference in the growth between these tw ... | 2012 | 22391795 |
| regulation of reproduction- and biomarker-related gene expression by sex steroids in the livers and ovaries of adult female western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). | to assess the adverse toxicological effects of steroid hormones on western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), 180 adult females were exposed to individual or binary combinations of progesterone (1μg/l), testosterone (1μg/l) and 17β-estradiol (1μg/l) for eight days. the expression patterns of vitellogenin, estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, metallothionein, and cytochrome p450 1a genes in mosquitofish varied according to tissue as well as the specificity of steroids. treatment by progesterone or ... | 2012 | 22353216 |
| selenium in aquatic biota inhabiting agricultural drains in the salton sea basin, california. | resource managers are concerned that water conservation practices in irrigated farmlands along the southern border of the salton sea, imperial county, california, could increase selenium concentrations in agricultural drainwater and harm the desert pupfish (cyprinodon macularius), a federally protected endangered species. as part of a broader attempt to address this concern, we conducted a 3-year investigation to collect baseline information on selenium concentrations in seven agricultural drain ... | 2012 | 21915593 |
| induction of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes of mosquito fish (gambusia affinis) following exposure to the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin. | in the present study the induction of micronuclei (mn) and nuclear abnormalities (na) in erythrocytes of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) (baird & girard 1853) was studied. fish were exposed to three different concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin (lct) (1×10(-4)μg/l, 2×10(-4)μg/l, 4×10(-4)μg/l) for periods of 6, 12, 24, and 48h. na (notched, lobed, blebbed nuclei), mn, bi-nucleated cells, and the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes (pces) to normochromatic erythrocytes (nces) were evaluated to as ... | 2011 | 21620996 |
| bioconcentration and depuration of endosulfan sulfate in mosquito fish (gambusia affinis). | endosulfan is an insecticide which has been widely used in agriculture. the technical grade material consists of two isomers (alpha and beta). under natural environmental conditions, endosulfan is metabolized through oxidation and the main metabolite in the environment is endosulfan sulfate. most ecotoxicology research has been conducted with technical grade endosulfan to determine effects on non-target aquatic organisms. little data on the effects of endosulfan sulfate on aquatic organisms are ... | 2011 | 21550631 |
| developmental and reproductive characteristics of western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) exposed to paper mill effluent in the dengcun river, sihui, south china. | the study reported in this paper tested the hypothesis that the developmental and reproductive health of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) exposed to pulp and paper effluent in the dengcun river would differ from that of mosquitofish living in a reference site. we also studied whether morphological characteristics such as the anal fin and hemal spines of mosquitofish could serve as indicators for evaluating the androgenic effect and mosquitofish population security in the dengcun river. male and f ... | 2011 | 21458407 |
| endocrine-disrupting effects of spironolactone in female western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis. | the discovery of pharmaceuticals in effluent from wastewater treatment plants and drug manufacturing facilities and in receiving waters has raised environmental concern. because these compounds are ending up in the environment, it is important to investigate the effects of these compounds on wildlife as well as humans. the present study used a fish model to investigate the endocrine-disrupting effects of spironolactone (spl), an aldosterone antagonist used as a diuretic, but which also exhibits ... | 2011 | 21351124 |
| bioaccumulation and toxicity of copper in outdoor freshwater microcosms. | this study characterizes the effects of copper (cu) on florida apple snails (pomacea paludosa) and mosquito fish (gambusia affinis) using a replicated outdoor microcosm design. soils used in this study were collected from two cu-enriched citrus agricultural sites in south florida (agler property (aglr) in st. lucie county and sunrise boys property (srb) in palm beach county) and a reference site (equus property) in st. lucie county. the study included a 5-week aging phase, an 11 month exposure p ... | 2011 | 21345490 |
| a male poecillid's sexually dimorphic body plan, behavior, and nervous system. | here we review the literature of a male poecillid's sexually dimorphic body plan, behavior, and nervous system, including work dating from the mid 1800s to the mid 1990s as well as work in press or in preparation for publication. rosa-molinar described the remodeling of the sexually dimorphic anal fin appendicular support, confirmed earlier claims about the development of the male and female secondary sex characteristics in the western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis and provided for the first ti ... | 2010 | 21082070 |
| personality-dependent dispersal in the invasive mosquitofish: group composition matters. | understanding/predicting ecological invasions is an important challenge in modern ecology because of their immense economical and ecological costs. recent studies have revealed that within-species variation in behaviour (i.e. animal personality) can shed light on the invasion process. the general hypothesis is that individuals' personality type may affect their colonization success, suggesting that some individuals might be better invaders than others. we have recently shown that, in the invasiv ... | 2011 | 21068033 |
| adaptation to sea level rise: does local adaptation influence the demography of coastal fish populations? | this study compared the growth of two western mosquitofish gambusia affinis populations that were previously demonstrated to have genetic adaptations that increased survival under lethal salinity exposures. the objective was to evaluate how genetic adaptations to lethal salinity stress affect population demography when exposed to sublethal salinity stress. results indicate that chronic salinity exposure had a generally negative impact on population size, but fish originating from one of the two ... | 2010 | 21039500 |
| altered development and reproduction in western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) found in the hanxi river, southern china. | the current study investigated the development and reproductive health of western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) in the hanxi river, which has been heavily contaminated by municipal wastewaters from towns in dongguan of southern china. western mosquitofish collected from four study sites, songmu (sm), yangwu (yw), hengli (hl), and zhangcun (zc) of the hanxi river, as well as a reference site (lx) of the liuxi river, were dissected and analyzed for development parameters (total length, wet body ... | 2010 | 20853458 |
| triclosan has endocrine-disrupting effects in male western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis. | triclosan (tcs) is an antibacterial agent used in a variety of personal care and industrial products. triclosan and its environmentally transformed derivative, methyl-tcs, have been detected in waters receiving effluent from public wastewater treatment plants. previous studies have demonstrated that tcs has the potential to act as an endocrine disruptor. the present study tested the hypothesis that tcs acts as an endocrine-disrupting agent in fish. mature male western mosquitofish, gambusia affi ... | 2010 | 20821571 |
| cellular proliferation, cell death, and liver histology in gambusia affinis after dietary exposure to benzidine and 2-aminofluorene. | chronic exposure to arylamines through diet and/or smoking has been associated with genetic changes and tumorigenesis. cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and histological changes in liver tissue were investigated in gambusia affinis (g affinis) after chronic dietary exposure to 6.9 mm and 0.069 mm concentrations of benzidine (bz), 2-aminofluorene (2af), and their combination for 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. the proliferation assay indicated non-dose-dependent increases in cellular prolifera ... | 2012 | 20448257 |
| personality traits and dispersal tendency in the invasive mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). | ecological invasions, where non-native species spread to new areas, grow to high densities and have large, negative impacts on ecological communities, are a major worldwide problem. recent studies suggest that one of the key mechanisms influencing invasion dynamics is personality-dependent dispersal: the tendency for dispersers to have a different personality type than the average from a source population. we examined this possibility in the invasive mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). we measured ... | 2010 | 20071380 |
| trade-off between steady and unsteady swimming underlies predator-driven divergence in gambusia affinis. | differences in predation intensity experienced by organisms can lead to divergent natural selection, driving evolutionary change. western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) exhibit larger caudal regions and higher burst-swimming capabilities when coexisting with higher densities of predatory fish. it is hypothesized that a trade-off between steady (constant-speed cruising; important for acquiring resources) and unsteady (rapid bursts and turns; important for escaping predators) locomotion, combined ... | 2009 | 21462405 |
| exploring fish bioassay of textile dye wastewaters and their selected constituents in terms of mortality and erythrocyte disorders. | acute (4 day) and short-term (7 day) toxicity studies (at 1/5th and 1/10th of lc(50)) of textile dye wastewaters and their selected ingredients (azo dye methyl red and heavy metals cd, cu, ni and zn) were made on a freshwater fish gambusia affinis under laboratory conditions. lc(50) value was found to be the lowest in four cases, and the ec(50) value for reduction in erythrocyte counts in the remaining four tests. thus, the reduction in erythrocyte counts to the 50% level was similar in sensitiv ... | 2009 | 19322506 |
| influence of high temperature on cadmium-induced skeletal deformities in juvenile mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). | the aim of this study was to assess the effect of high temperature on cadmium (cd)-induced skeletal deformities in juvenile mosquitofish, gambusia affinis. for this purpose, 188 juveniles (1 day old) were equally divided into the control group, which was maintained in cd-free water at 24 degrees c, and three treated groups exposed either to cd (0.4 mg/l as cd cl(2)) at 24 degrees c, to high temperature (32 degrees c), or to cd at 32 degrees c for 30 days. the results showed that cd exposure at 2 ... | 2010 | 19229646 |
| time course evaluation of n-nitrosodialkylamines-induced dna alkylation and oxidation in liver of mosquito fish. | here we simultaneously measured n7-alkylguanines and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodg) in liver of small fish, respectively, to assess the time course of the formation and removal of alkylation and oxidative damage to dna caused by n-nitrosodialkylamines. mosquito fish (gambusia affinis) were killed at various times during (4 days) and post-exposure (16 days) to n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma) and n-nitrosodiethylamine (ndea) alone or their combination with concentrations of 10 and 50m ... | 2009 | 19007796 |
| the effects of heavy metal mine drainage on population size structure, reproduction, and condition of western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis. | anthropogenic degradation of aquatic environments worldwide results in disturbed habitats, altered communities, and stressed populations. surface waters located in an abandoned lead-zinc mining district in northeastern oklahoma are no exception. this study examines the reproductive and somatic responses of a pollution-tolerant fish, the western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis (teleostei: poeciliidae), living in mine outflow waters contaminated by heavy metals. populations were sampled from four s ... | 2009 | 18846312 |
| genotoxic effects of produced waters in mosquito fish (gambusia affinis). | the aim of this study was to assess the potential genotoxic effects of produced water (pw) from an italian on-shore oil plant. produced water is a complex mixture containing residual hydrocarbons, trace elements, naturally occurring radioactive material and potentially toxic treatment chemicals such as biocides, dispersants, detergents and scale inhibitors used in oil production. the test organism, mosquito fish (gambusia affinis), was divided into male and female groups and exposed for 8 days i ... | 2009 | 18763036 |
| suitability of enzymatic markers to assess the environmental condition of natural populations of gambusia affinis and daphnia magna--a case study. | in recent years, the use of biochemical markers, especially in the assessment of toxic effects and modes of action, under controlled laboratory conditions has increased. however, transposing their use to in situ monitoring or risk assessment evaluations has encountered barriers, mainly related to the difficulty in interpreting the meaning of biochemical variation. in this work, we aimed at understanding if biochemical marker activities (cholinesterase, glutathione s-transferase and lactate dehyd ... | 2015 | 25805370 |
| toxic effects of chlorpyrifos on antioxidant enzymes and target enzyme acetylcholinesterase interaction in mosquito fish, gambusia affinis. | the recovery effect of chlorpyrifos (cpf) on antioxidant enzymes, locomotor behaviour and the target enzyme acetylcholinesterase (ache) interaction were studied after exposure to 297μgl(-1) (lc(50) for 96h) in mosquito fish, gambusia affinis. activities of the antioxidant enzymes-superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase in viscera, and ache in brain were inhibited at 96h of exposure. however, induction in lipid peroxidation was observed. the antioxidant levels were restored to near ... | 2008 | 21783910 |
| comparative study of the sensitivity to cadmium of two populations of gambusia affinis from two different sites. | this study aims to demonstrate the influence of animals' origin on their sensitivity toward heavy metals. for this purpose, we compared lc(50) of cadmium in two populations of gambusia affinis captured in two geographically isolated environments in the east of tunisia; oued el gsil in the city of monastir (s2) and oued chenini in the region of gabes (s1). although physicochemical parameters of the water (ph, dissolved oxygen and salinity) are similar in the two studied sites, cadmium concentrati ... | 2009 | 18604632 |
| the western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis affinis): a new laboratory animal resource for the study of sexual dimorphism in neural circuits. | the western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis affinis) is a useful model for the study of sexual dimorphism and the neural circuits associated with sexual differentiation. this is largely because of its anal fin, which undergoes radical postnatal transformation in males. understanding the neural mechanisms involved in this process may also help elucidate basic principles of the nervous system. the authors describe the mosquitofish as a model for research and present guidelines for the care and use ... | 2008 | 18496545 |
| western mosquitofish as a bioindicator of exposure to organochlorine compounds. | the evaluation of the alochthonous and cosmopolitan mosquitofish species gambusia affinis suitability as a bioindicator species and the induction of its liver cytochrome p450-dependent mixed function oxygenase (mfo), measured as the 7-ethoxyresorfin-o-deethylase (erod) activity, as well as changes in dna integrity, measured by the fast micromethod, for the monitoring of organochlorine fresh water pesticide contamination, were the main aims of the study. the test mosquitofish were exposed under l ... | 2008 | 18262267 |
| comparison of mosquito control provided by the arroyo chub (gila orcutti) and the mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). | two 6-wk trials were conducted in 28-m2 earthen ponds to compare the efficacy of the arroyo chub, gila orcutti, to the mosquitofish, gambusia affinis, as a biological control agent for mosquitoes and a possible replacement for the mosquitofish in sensitive watersheds of southern california. the mosquitofish population growth rate was 1.73 times greater than the arroyo chub population growth rate; however, greater reproduction by the mosquitofish did not result in significantly better reduction o ... | 2007 | 18240519 |
| prospects for the use of ornamental fishes for mosquito control: a laboratory investigation. | use of larvivorous fishes gambusia and poecilia for mosquito control has been a well established option. the study evaluated the larvivorous potential of some ornamental fish vis-a-vis gambusia and poecilia in the laboratory settings using standard testing protocol. gold fish and blue gourami were found to be as effective larvivores as gambusia affinis, the mosquito fish. the study recommends introduction of goldfish and blue gourami in ornamental tanks for control of mosquito breeding as well a ... | 2008 | 18232145 |
| adaptation as a potential response to sea-level rise: a genetic basis for salinity tolerance in populations of a coastal marsh fish. | relative sea-level rise is resulting in the intrusion of saline waters into marshes historically dominated by fresh water. saltwater intrusions can potentially affect resident marsh species, especially when storm-related tidal surges cause rapid changes in salinity. we examined the role of historical salinity exposure on the survival of gambusia affinis from two locations in coastal louisiana. at each location, we sampled fish populations from fresh, intermediate and brackish marshes. individual ... | 2008 | 25567498 |
| role of inbreeding depression and purging in captive breeding and restoration programmes. | inbreeding depression is a major force affecting the evolution and viability of small populations in captive breeding and restoration programmes. populations that experience small sizes may be less susceptible to future inbreeding depression because they have been purged of deleterious recessive alleles. we review issues related to purging, as they apply to the management of small populations, and discuss an experiment we conducted examining purging in populations of mosquitofish (gambusia affin ... | 2008 | 18173505 |