| rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants-like disease in the al-ain region of the united arab emirates. | the author demonstrates that rinderpest prevailed among the cattle population in the al-ain region of the united arab emirates from 1987 to 1989. a total of twenty-four outbreaks of rinderpest were recorded during the study period. similarly, evidence of the peste des petits ruminants (ppr) or a ppr-like disease was regularly encountered in small ruminants in a total of forty-one outbreaks. | 1993 | 8219335 |
| cloning and expression of the nucleocapsid gene of virulent kabete o strain of rinderpest virus in baculovirus: use in differential diagnosis between vaccinated and infected animals. | rinderpest (rp) is a viral disease of ruminants with > 95% morbidity and mortality. we have cloned the cdna of the nucleocapsid (n) gene of the virulent kabete o strain of rinderpest virus (rpvk) and compared its nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences with those of the n genes of the lapinized strain of rinderpest virus (rpvl), measles virus (mv), and canine distemper virus (cdv). the gene has an open reading frame of 1575 nucleotides and encodes a protein of 525 amino acids with a molecula ... | 1994 | 8259649 |
| biological properties of phocine distemper virus and canine distemper virus. | morbilliviruses constitute a major threat to the health of animal and man. to date the morbillivirus genus in the paramyxoviridae family comprises five established members, namely canine distemper virus (cdv), phocine distemper virus (pdv), measles virus (mv), rinderpest virus (rpv), and peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv). in addition, morbillivirus candidates infecting aquatic mammals were recently discovered. the present review on the biology of morbilliviruses focuses on knowledge gained ... | 1993 | 8268007 |
| morbillivirus infections in aquatic mammals. | infections with morbilliviruses have caused heavy losses among different populations of aquatic mammals during the last 5 years. two different morbilliviruses were isolated from disease outbreaks among seals in europe and siberia: phocid distemper virus-1 (pdv-1) and phocid distemper virus-2 (pdv-2) respectively. pdv-1 was characterized as a newly identified morbillivirus, most related to canine distemper virus (cdv), whereas pdv-2 most probably is a strain of cdv. morbilliviruses were also isol ... | 1993 | 8343804 |
| the use of thermostable vero cell-adapted rinderpest vaccine as a heterologous vaccine against peste des petits ruminants. | the thermostable vero cell-adapted rinderpest vaccine was evaluated in terms of immunogenicity as a heterologous vaccine against peste des petits ruminants. a titration to establish the minimum immunising dose was performed in american mixed breed goats by vaccinating test subjects with dilutions of vero cell-adapted rinderpest vaccine and then challenging 26 days later with virulent peste des petits ruminants virus. all animals were followed for virus neutralising antibodies against both rinder ... | 1993 | 8460262 |
| protection of goats against rinderpest by vaccination with attenuated peste des petits ruminants virus. | the ability of the attenuated peste des petits ruminants vaccine virus to protect small ruminants against virulent rinderpest virus was investigated. out of four susceptible goats that were infected with the highly virulent saudi strain of rinderpest virus by intranasal ioculation, three developed mild clinical signs of disease and infected susceptible in-contact goats and cattle with rinderpest virus. however, four goats which had been vaccinated with the attenuated peste des petits ruminants v ... | 1995 | 8525096 |
| morbillivirus infection in cetaceans of the western atlantic. | we report serologic evidence of morbillivirus infection in eleven of fifteen species of odontocete cetaceans from the western atlantic since 1986. blood samples were obtained both from free-ranging and stranded animals. virus neutralizing titers were higher against porpoise and dolphin morbilliviruses than against peste des petits ruminants virus, phocine distemper virus or canine distemper virus (cdv). serum from five species, tested in a heterologous immunoprecipitation assay using radiolabell ... | 1995 | 8588318 |
| recent developments in the diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants. | effective implementation of control measures for rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants requires that a proper and rapid diagnosis of the disease is made. peste de petits ruminants (ppr) can be confused clinically with other infections such as pasteurellosis or contagious ecthyma. rinderpest, in its classical form, is easy to identify clinically; however, mass vaccination in many countries and also the emergence of mild strains of the virus have made clinical diagnosis more difficult. clinica ... | 1995 | 8588326 |
| morbillivirus infections in wildlife (in relation to their population biology and disease control in domestic animals). | the three members of the morbillivirus genus that infect wildlife in ecosystems where domestic animals occur are rinderpest, peste des petits ruminants (ppr) and canine distemper. data on the relative susceptibility of species of the order artiodactyla for rinderpest have been obtained from historical records of outbreaks. rinderpest in wildlife has only occurred in equatorial and eastern africa since the great pandemic of 1889-1897. the distributions, densities and population dynamics of suscep ... | 1995 | 8588327 |
| peste des petits ruminants in goats in india. | | 1996 | 8677621 |
| [first- time isolation of the peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus in chad and experimental induction of the disease]. | in chad, in 1993-1994, investigation into "peste des petits ruminants" (ppr) outbreaks were carried out in flocks of sahelian goats. although in the early 1993 outbreaks the virus had not been isolated yet, a serological prevalence (34%) was observed using elisa test in 475 sera collected in the infested area. the virus was then isolated for the first time in chad and typical ppr cases were observed in sahelian goats, known to be little sensitive to the virus. to experimentally induce the diseas ... | 1995 | 8734226 |
| evaluation of polymerase chain reaction for the detection and characterisation of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses for epidemiological studies. | the high sequence variability found in rna viruses makes it difficult to design primers for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification which will be certain to work with all new field isolates. to overcome this problem for the detection and differential diagnosis of rinderpest (rp) and peste des petits ruminants (ppr) viruses (v), we have designed several sets of primers, based on well-conserved sequences in the p and f genes. analysis of a large number of field isolates from ... | 1995 | 8837881 |
| peste des petits ruminants in goats in pakistan. | | 1996 | 8856891 |
| geographic distribution and epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus. | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an important viral disease of goats and sheep prevalent in west africa and the middle east. in recent years, ppr has emerged in india, first in the south india and later in north india. to study the genetic relationships between viruses of distinct geographical origin we have sequenced a 322 nucleotide cdna fragment of the fusion protein gene generated using reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification. viruses from nineteen ... | 1996 | 8864204 |
| sequence and structure alignment of paramyxoviridae attachment proteins and discovery of enzymatic activity for a morbillivirus hemagglutinin. | on the basis of the conservation of neuraminidase (n) active-site residues in influenza virus n and paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn), it has been suggested that the three-dimensional (3d) structures of the globular heads of the two proteins are broadly similar. in this study, details of this structural similarity are worked out. detailed multiple sequence alignment of paramyxovirus hn proteins and influenza virus n proteins was based on the schematic representation of the previousl ... | 1997 | 9223510 |
| morbillivirus downregulation of cd46. | there is evidence that cd46 (membrane cofactor protein) is a cellular receptor for vaccine and laboratory-passaged strains of measles virus (mv). following infection with these mv strains, cd46 is downregulated from the cell surface, and consequent complement-mediated lysis has been shown to occur upon infection of a human monocytic cell line. the mv hemagglutinin (h) protein alone is capable of inducing this downregulation. some wild-type strains of mv fail to downregulate cd46, despite infecti ... | 1998 | 9811778 |
| disease prevention and preparedness: the food and agriculture organization emergency prevention system. | in 1994, the food and agriculture organization undertook to revitalise its activities in the control of transboundary animal disease by establishing a new special programme known as the emergency prevention system (empres) against transboundary animal and plant pests and diseases. the emphasis of the empres livestock component is placed on pre-empting outbreaks and losses experienced by agriculture through the enhancement of local capacity to detect and react rapidly to plague events. empres con ... | 1999 | 10190209 |
| immunohistochemical detection of peste des petits ruminants viral antigen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from cases of naturally occurring infection. | | 1999 | 10353363 |
| protection of rabbits against lapinized rinderpest virus with purified envelope glycoproteins of peste-des-petits-ruminants and rinderpest viruses. | haemagglutinin (ha) and fusion (f) proteins of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv) and rinderpest virus (rpv) were purified by immunoaffinity chromatography. the purified proteins were characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds-page). rabbit hyperimmune sera were raised against the purified ha and f proteins and assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), haemagglutination-inhibition (hai) and virus neutralization (vn) tests. ... | 1998 | 10358730 |
| the fusion protein of peste des petits ruminants virus is a hemolysin. | the fusion glycoprotein (f protein) of paramyxoviruses plays a vital role in virus-induced cytopathology. to explore the role of the f protein in peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv)-induced cytopathology, the f protein of pprv was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography. the purified f protein, when incubated with chicken erythrocytes, caused lysis suggesting that pprv f protein is a hemolysin. furthermore, the hemolysis can be inhibited by hyperimmune serum against f protein. the virus-in ... | 1999 | 10446657 |
| the matrix protein gene sequence analysis reveals close relationship between peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) and dolphin morbillivirus. | the gene encoding the matrix protein of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) has been cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. this gene is 1466 nucleotides long and contains an open reading frame (orf) capable of encoding a basic protein of 335 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 38,057 da. this orf starts at position 33-35 and ends with the codon taa at position 1038-1040 thus leaving a long untranslated region (426 nucleotides) at the 3' end of the messenger rna. ... | 1999 | 10500284 |
| morbillivirus infections, with special emphasis on morbilliviruses of carnivores. | morbilliviruses infections cause significant mortality in human beings and animals. measles virus is responsible for up to two million childhood deaths annually in the developing world, while rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants cause severe epizootics in domestic and wild ruminants in areas of the world where they remain endemic. canine distemper virus (cdv) is a cause of fatal disease in many species of carnivores. distemper is controlled by vaccination in domestic dogs and farmed mink, b ... | 1999 | 10515262 |
| prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus antibodies in india. | a study was undertaken regarding the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) antibodies in bovine sera which tested negative for rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies. the samples were collected between january 1996 and december 1997. a total of 439 samples (327 cattle and 112 buffalo from 17 states of india) were tested using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kit. the mean prevalence of bvdv antibodies in cattle was 15.29% (50/327) in 16 state ... | 1999 | 10588010 |
| development of a genetically marked recombinant rinderpest vaccine expressing green fluorescent protein. | in order to effectively control and eliminate rinderpest, a method is required to allow serological differentiation between animals that have been vaccinated and those which have recovered from natural infection. one way of doing this would be to engineer the normal vaccine to produce a genetically marked rinderpest virus (rpv) vaccine. we constructed two modified cdna clones of the rpv rbok vaccine strain with the coding sequence of the green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene inserted as a potenti ... | 2000 | 10675408 |
| serological evidence of the absence of peste des petits ruminants in tanzania. | | 2000 | 10819135 |
| recovery and characterization of a chimeric rinderpest virus with the glycoproteins of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus: homologous f and h proteins are required for virus viability. | rinderpest (rp) and peste-des-petits-ruminants (ppr) are two important diseases of domestic ruminants. to improve on currently available vaccines against ppr, we have created cdna copies of the rp virus genome in which either the fusion (f) or hemagglutinin (h) gene, or both, was replaced with the corresponding gene from ppr virus. it was necessary to develop a modified rescue system in which the t7 rna polymerase was provided by a recombinant fowlpox virus and the entire rescue procedure took p ... | 2000 | 10982348 |
| a simplified objective method for quantification of peste des petits ruminants virus or neutralizing antibody. | a simplified and standardized assay based on haemagglutination of infected culture supernatants was developed to detect peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus growth in vero cells and to quantify ppr neutralizing antibody. virus titres estimated by visual reading of cytopathic effects as a criterion were compared with those estimated by haemagglutination of infected supernatants and no statistically significant differences were seen between them. during quantification of ppr antibodies, the titr ... | 2000 | 10996642 |
| improved technique for transient expression and negative strand virus rescue using fowlpox t7 recombinant virus in mammalian cells. | the suitability of recombinant t7 polymerase produced using either the highly attenuated mva strain of vaccinia (mva-t7) or fowlpox virus (fp-t7) for transient expression and negative strand virus rescue was compared in two mammalian cell lines (mdbk and vero) and in primary cells of bovine, ovine and caprine origin. such primary cells are more permissive for the growth of wild type strains of morbilliviruses, such as rinderpest virus and peste des petits ruminants virus. mva-t7 was found to be ... | 2000 | 10996645 |
| development and evaluation of a monoclonal antibody based competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of rinderpest virus antibodies. | a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been standardised for the detection of antibodies to rinderpest virus in sera from cattle, sheep and goats. the test uses a neutralising monoclonal antibody (mab) directed against the haemagglutinin protein of rinderpest virus. the test is specific for rinderpest, as it failed to detect antibodies to peste des petits ruminants virus in convalescent goat sera. a 45% inhibition of the binding of the mab to the antigen was used as the cut-off poin ... | 2000 | 11107618 |
| epizootiological aspects of peste des petits ruminants and rinderpest in sheep and goats in saudi arabia. | epizootiological aspects of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) and rinderpest in sheep and goats in saudi arabia are examined. the presence of ppr has been suspected on occasions, but virus isolation has been successful only once. information regarding ppr and rinderpest in sheep and goats in saudi arabia is scarce. the only survey conducted indicated that neither disease is endemic in the country. | 2000 | 11107629 |
| xerovac: an ultra rapid method for the dehydration and preservation of live attenuated rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants vaccines. | the accepted procedure for the long-term preservation of live viruses and bacteria in vaccines has been lyophilisation. we show that thermolabile viruses can be dehydrated in vitro, within 18 h, in an excipient containing trehalose. we further demonstrate that in the resulting dehydrated state, where the viruses are captive in a metastable glass composed of trehalose, they are capable of resisting 45 degrees c for a period of 14 days with minimal loss of potency. the degree of thermotolerance ac ... | 2000 | 11115706 |
| identification of a cytotoxic t-cell epitope on the recombinant nucleocapsid proteins of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses presented as assembled nucleocapsids. | the nucleocapsid protein (n) of morbilliviruses is not only a major structural protein but also the most abundant protein made in infected cells. we overexpressed the n proteins of rinderpest virus and peste des petits ruminants virus in e. coli, which assemble into nucleocapsids in the absence of viral rna that resemble nucleocapsids made in the virus-infected cells. employing these assembled structures resembling subviral particles, we studied the induction of both the antibody response and th ... | 2001 | 11145903 |
| economics of prophylaxis against peste des petits ruminants and gastrointestinal helminthosis in small ruminants in north cameroon. | data on reproduction and mortality were collected over one year from 5100 sheep and 13,300 goats in treated and control flocks. the treated animals received vaccination against peste des petits ruminants (ppr) and anthelmintics twice a year. productivity parameters (fecundity and mortality rates) obtained with and without prophylaxis were fitted into a benefit-cost economic analysis model and run for project lifespans varying from one to five years. at a 7% discount rate, the overall benefits fo ... | 2000 | 11147279 |
| apoptosis induced by peste des petits ruminants virus in goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | the ability of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) to induce apoptosis in goat peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) culture was investigated. goat pbmc were infected with pprv and the infectivity was confirmed by cytopathic effect, demonstration of presence of infectious viral progeny and expression of viral antigens in the lymphocytes, cultured in vitro. infected pbmc showed morphological features of apoptosis. dna extracted from pprv-infected cells displayed laddering pattern in agaros ... | 2001 | 11172915 |
| production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to an indian isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus. | nine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced against an indian isolate of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus. these mabs were directed against the nucleo (n) protein and were of igg1 isotype. the mabs produced intranuclear or coarse granular cytoplasmic fluorescence in ppr virus infected vero cells and did not exhibit any neutralising activity. the mabs cross-reacted with five other local isolates of ppr virus in slot blot hybridisation, radio immunoprecipitation assay (ripa) and fixed-ce ... | 2001 | 11323206 |
| the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein of peste des petits ruminants virus is biologically active when transiently expressed in mammalian cells. | the genes coding for the surface glycoproteins hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) of the peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) and hemagglutinin (h) of rinderpest virus (rpv) were cloned in a cytomagalovirus promoter driven expression vector and expressed transiently in mammalian cells. the protein expression was apparent 24 h after transfection and the expressed proteins were detected at the cell surface. the transiently expressed pprv hn protein was found to be biologically active in possessin ... | 2001 | 11325471 |
| immune responses in goats to recombinant hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of peste des petits ruminants virus: identification of a t cell determinant. | peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv), a member of the genus morbillivirus within the family paramyxoviridae, causes a fatal disease 'peste des petits ruminants' in goats and sheep. this enveloped virus is antigenically closely related to rinderpest virus (rpv), which causes a similar but distinct disease in large ruminants. pprv harbors two major surface glycoproteins, the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) and the fusion (f) proteins. the surface glycoproteins of morbilliviruses are highly imm ... | 2001 | 11535334 |
| the use of antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants in ethiopia. | rinderpest had been reported in most parts of ethiopia when the pan african rinderpest campaign (parc) was launched. as a result of intensive disease investigation and strategic vaccination, most parts of the country are now considered provisionally free, and widespread vaccination has been replaced by clinical and serological surveillance. details of any episodes of disease are recorded and followed up after laboratory confirmation of suspected cass using antigen-capture elisa. this paper is ba ... | 2001 | 11556621 |
| the fusion protein of peste des petits ruminants virus mediates biological fusion in the absence of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein. | to study the process of membrane fusion in morbilliviruses, the fusion (f) glycoproteins of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) and rinderpest virus (rpv) were expressed transiently in mammalian cells. the recombinant f proteins were found to be localized at the surface of transfected cells. the fusion activity, as evident from cell fusion assays and lysis of chicken erythrocytes, documented that transiently expressed pprv f glycoprotein induces cell fusion in the absence of homotypic hemagg ... | 2001 | 11601920 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of peste des petits ruminants virus by a polymerase chain reaction assay. | a rapid and specific test was developed for the diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants disease. this assay is based on the rapid purification of rna on glass beads followed by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). to that effect, a set of primers (np3/np4) was used to amplify specifically a fragment of about 350 bp in the 3' end of the rna messenger that encodes the nucleocapsid protein of the peste des petits ruminants virus. the pcr-product was detected by uv illuminat ... | 2002 | 11742649 |
| comparison of virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants. | oculonasal swabs and tissue samples collected from peste des petits ruminants (ppr) suspected sheep and goats were tested for presence of the virus of peste des petits ruminants (pprv) or its rna by reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) and virus isolation (vi). of 44 samples 31.8% and 40.9% were positive by vi and rt-pcr, respectively. the rt-pcr-positive samples were subjected to the nested pcr. three of six samples positive by rt-pcr but negative by vi were negative by the nested pcr. the specif ... | 2001 | 11774895 |
| rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses exhibit neurovirulence in mice. | members of the morbillivirus genus, canine distemper (cdv), phocine distemper virus (pdv), and the cetacean viruses of dolphins and porpoises exhibit high levels of cns infection in their natural hosts. cns complications are rare for measles virus (mv) and are not associated with rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) infection. however, it is possible that all morbilliviruses infect the cns but in some hosts are rapidly cleared by the immune response. in this study, ... | 2002 | 11847591 |
| peste des petits ruminants has been widely present in southern india since, if not before, the late 1980s. | because previous authorities had suggested that small ruminants were playing a part in the dissemination of rinderpest, and a rinderpest-eradication campaign was about to begin, it was necessary to make precise virus identifications from a number of small-ruminant "rinderpest" outbreaks. when this was done using a database created from passive disease reports, we found that epidemics-reportedly due to rinderpest-were in fact due to peste des petits ruminants (pprs). although such cases had been ... | 2002 | 11849724 |
| inhibition of in vitro leukocyte proliferation by morbilliviruses. | immune suppression associated with morbillivirus infections may influence the mortality rate by allowing secondary bacterial infections that are lethal to the host to flourish. using an in vitro proliferation assay, we have shown that all members of the genus morbillivirus inhibit the proliferation of a human b-lymphoblast cell line (bjab). proliferation of freshly isolated, stimulated bovine and caprine peripheral blood lymphocytes is also inhibited by uv-inactivated rinderpest (rpv) and peste- ... | 2002 | 11884584 |
| prevalence, distribution, and host range of peste des petits ruminants virus, turkey. | peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv, genus morbillivirus), which causes a severe disease in sheep and goats, has only recently been officially declared to be present in turkey. we carried out a study to determine the prevalence, distribution, and host range of pprv in turkey. a total of 1,607 animals, reared in 18 different locations, were monitored for the presence of antibodies to pprv and the related virus of large ruminants, rinderpest virus (rpv). only two farms had animals that were fre ... | 2002 | 12095439 |
| recent epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv). | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an economically important viral disease of goats and sheep first described in west africa in the 1940s. the virus has been circulating in parts of sub-saharan africa for several decades and in the middle east and southern asia since 1993, although the first description of the virus in india dates to 1987. to study the genetic relationship between isolates of distinct geographical origin, a selected region of the fusion (f) protein gene of the viruses was ampli ... | 2002 | 12135634 |
| goat immune response to capripox vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin protein of peste des petits ruminants. | sheep-pox and capripox are contagious diseases of domestic small ruminants for which the causal agent is a poxvirus classified into the capripoxvirus genus. viruses of this group have a host range specific to sheep, goats, cattle, and possibly buffalo. thus, they are clearly indicated as vectors for the development of recombinant vaccines for peste des petits ruminants (ppr). here we report the immune response of goats inoculated with a recombinant capripox-ppr hemagglutinin. | 2002 | 12381569 |
| use of akaike information criteria for model selection and inference. an application to assess prevention of gastrointestinal parasitism and respiratory mortality of guinean goats in kolda, senegal. | a field experiment was carried out in kolda (southern senegal) from july 1986 to july 1988. its goals were to: (1) describe the patterns of mortality of female guinean goats by age, season and year; (2) assess preventive measures against respiratory diseases and gastrointestinal parasitism in reducing mortality; and (3) estimate the overall impact of these measures on survival to 1 year of age. preventive measures for respiratory disease included vaccination against peste des petits ruminants (p ... | 2002 | 12392874 |
| post vaccination and colostral peste des petits ruminants antibody dynamics in research flocks of kirdi goats and foulbe sheep of north cameroon. | we studied kirdi goats and foulbe sheep kept on-station at the institute of agricultural research for development (irad), garoua to look at their immunological response following vaccination with a specific peste des petits ruminant (ppr) virus vaccine. pre-vaccination ppr antibody seroprevalences were 44 and 29% in goats and sheep, respectively. seroprevalences following vaccination were 100% in both species. titres remained above the protection threshold level (1:10) in both species at 12 mont ... | 2002 | 12392877 |
| detection of antibodies against peste des petits ruminants virus in sera of cattle, camels, sheep and goats in sudan. | detection of antibodies against peste des petits ruminants virus in sera of cattle, camels, sheep and goats in sudan. | 2002 | 12416868 |
| rinderpest virus lineage differentiation using rt-pcr and snap-elisa. | an rt-pcr/elisa system has been developed that detects and differentiates rinderpest virus (rpv) from the other closely related morbillivirus of ruminants, peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv). in addition, using lineage specific probes, it is possible to determine whether the virus sample is wild-type or vaccine, and the likely origin of the outbreak if it is wild-type. it involves carrying out a rt-pcr with one digoxygenin (dig)-labelled primer followed by a hybridisation step with a virus- ... | 2003 | 12445935 |
| mapping of b-cell epitopic sites and delineation of functional domains on the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein of peste des petits ruminants virus. | a recombinant baculovirus expressing membrane bound form of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) was employed to generate monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against pprv-hn protein. four different mabs were employed for mapping of regions on hn carrying b-cell epitopes using deletion mutants of pprv-hn and rpv-h proteins expressed in escherichia coli as well as pprv-hn deletion proteins expressed transiently in mammalian cells. the immuno-reactivity patte ... | 2002 | 12457972 |
| approaches in the understanding of morbillivirus neurovirulence. | certain members of the morbillivirus genus, canine distemper virus, phocine distemper virus, and the cetacean viruses of dolphins and porpoises exhibit high levels of central nervous system (cns) infection in their natural hosts. cns complications are rare for measles virus (mv) and are not associated with rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) infection. however, both rpv and pprv are neurovirulent in permissive murine strains. human postmortem tissue, neural cell cu ... | 2002 | 12491157 |
| development of a dual recombinant vaccine to protect small ruminants against peste-des-petits-ruminants virus and capripoxvirus infections. | a recombinant capripoxvirus vaccine containing a cdna of the peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv) fusion protein gene was constructed. a quick and efficient method was used to select a highly purified recombinant virus clone. a trial showed that a dose of this recombinant as low as 0.1 pfu protected goats against challenge with a virulent pprv strain. | 2003 | 12502870 |
| the fusion core complex of the peste des petits ruminants virus is a six-helix bundle assembly. | we describe the properties of the two heptad repeats (hr1 and hr2) of the peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) fusion protein (f) to obtain insights into the mechanism by which these repeats influence pprv-mediated cell fusion. both hr1 and hr2 inhibit pprv-mediated syncytia formation in vero cells in vitro. of these, hr2 was found to be more effective than hr1. we studied the mechanism of fusion inhibition by these two repeats by using various biophysical and biochemical methods either separ ... | 2003 | 12549911 |
| competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on monoclonal antibody and recombinant hemagglutinin for serosurveillance of rinderpest virus. | a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa) which detects antibodies unique to rinderpest virus (rpv) has been developed. this test can differentiate antibodies against rpv and those against peste des petits ruminants virus. the recombinant rpv hemagglutinin (h)-protein c-elisa (rech c-elisa) is based on the ability of a well-characterized monoclonal antibody (mab) produced with the soluble, secreted form of the h protein (sec h protein) of rpv made in a baculovirus expression syst ... | 2003 | 12624013 |
| molecular epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants viruses from southern india. | | 2003 | 12638913 |
| [canine distemper virus--an agent looking for new hosts]. | canine distemper is caused by the canine distemper virus (cdv), a rna virus belonging to the genus morbillivirus of the family paramyxoviridae. the genus morbillivirus includes measles virus, rinderpest virus and peste-des-petits-ruminants virus. the host spectrum of cdv, which includes numerous families of carnivores, has been changed in the last years and distemper-like diseases have been observed in numerous other species. these include epidemics in large felids, marine mammals and javelinas. ... | 2003 | 12756952 |
| characterization of antigenic sites on the rinderpest virus n protein using monoclonal antibodies. | the n protein of the rinderpest virus (rpv) was analyzed topologically and antigenically by using anti-n monoclonal antibodies (mabs). ten mabs were raised against the n protein of the rpv. at least six non-overlapping antigenic sites (sites a-f) were delineated by competitive binding assays using biotinylated mabs. of them 5 sites (a, c, d, e and f) on the n protein were recognized by rpv-specific mabs in elisa and ifa while site b was recognized by mabs reacting with both rpv and pprv. non- re ... | 2003 | 12819366 |
| sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein gene of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus: editing of the gene transcript. | the gene encoding the phosphoprotein of the vaccine strain of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus (nigeria 75/1 vaccine strain) has been cloned and its nucleotide sequence been determined. this gene is 1655 nucleotides long and encodes two overlapping open reading frames (orfs). translation from the first aug would produce a polypeptide of 509 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 54.9 kda, the longest of the published morbillivirus p proteins. translation from the second aug ... | 2003 | 12951268 |
| monoclonal antibody-based competitive elisa for simultaneous detection of rinderpest virus and peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies. | an experimental competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (morbillivirus celisa) using a recombinant n antigen (rrpv n) expressed in a baculovirus and a ruminant morbillivirus (rpv and pprv)-specific monoclonal antibody (p-13a9) was developed for simultaneous detection of rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) antibodies and its diagnostic performance was evaluated. a set of known reference antisera against rpv and pprv belonging to different lineages, experimenta ... | 2003 | 14516703 |
| comparative efficacy of various chemical stabilizers on the thermostability of a live-attenuated peste des petits ruminants (ppr) vaccine. | thermostability of a live-attenuated peste des petits ruminants (ppr) vaccine recently developed at indian veterinary research institute was studied using conventional lyophilization conditions. a total of four stabilizers viz., lactalbumin hydrolysate-sucrose (ls), weybridge medium (wbm), buffered gelatin-sorbitol (bugs) and trehalose dihydrate (td) were used to prepare the lyophilized vaccine. the study revealed that the ppr vaccine lyophilized with either ls or td is more stable than rest of ... | 2003 | 14585683 |
| baculovirus display of fusion protein of peste des petits ruminants virus and hemagglutination protein of rinderpest virus and immunogenicity of the displayed proteins in mouse model. | recombinant bombyx mori nucleopolyhedroviruses (bmnpv) displaying the immunodominant ectodomains of fusion glycoprotein (f) of peste des petitis ruminants virus (pprv) and the hemagglutinin protein (h) of rinderpest virus (rpv), on the budded virions as well as the surface of the infected host cells have been constructed. the f and h protein sequences were inserted in-frame within the amino-terminal region of bmnpv envelope glycoprotein gp64 expressing under the strong viral polyhedrin (polh) pr ... | 2003 | 14675623 |
| a survey of vaccines produced for oie list a diseases in oie member countries. | a survey was conducted to determine the availability, country of origin, and manufacturer of vaccines for all office international des epizooties (oie) list a diseases. a large number of classical swine fever, foot-and-mouth disease and newcastle disease vaccines were found. a limited number of vaccines was also located for african horse sickness, bluetongue, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, highly pathogenic avian influenza, lumpy skin disease, peste des petits ruminants, rift valley fever, r ... | 2003 | 14677673 |
| inexpensive vaccines and rapid diagnostic kits tailor-made for the global eradication of rinderpest, and technology transfer to africa and asia. | rinderpest is an acute and highly contagious viral disease of ruminants, often resulting in greater than 90% mortality. we previously reported the development of first- and second-generation recombinant vaccinia virus vaccines which provide complete protection against rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste-des-petits ruminants virus (pprv). these vaccines are safe even for immunodeficient mice and macaques with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. we developed a third-generation recombinant vaccinia vi ... | 2003 | 14677681 |
| control of peste des petits ruminants: classical and new generation vaccines. | peste des petits ruminants is a highly contagious disease of domestic and wild small ruminants. it seems to be the major constraint in the development of small ruminant production in areas where it is endemic. included in the list a of the international zoosanitary code, it is also part of the fao empress programme. classically, it is characterised by fever, nasal and ocular discharges, diarrhoea, respiratory distress, mucosal erosive lesions and death in 40-80% of acute cases. all these clinica ... | 2003 | 14677682 |
| development of a monoclonal antibody based competitive-elisa for detection and titration of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus. | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an acute febrile, viral, disease of small ruminants with great economic importance. a competitive-elisa (c-elisa) test was developed for detection of antibodies to ppr virus in the sera samples of goats and sheep. the test uses monoclonal antibody to a neutralizing epitope of haemagglutinin protein of the virus. based on the distribution of known negative sera samples (n=933) in respect of ppr virus antibodies in the test, a cut-off value was set as 38%. this ... | 2004 | 14738776 |
| severe ppr infection in gazelles kept under semi-free range conditions. | by the end of march 2002, a collection of some 200 gazelles, kept under semi range conditions in saudi arabia, was hit by a highly fatal peracute disease. the morbidity rate was 51% while the case mortality rate was 100%. clinico-pathological and virological investigations were carried out. a virus was isolated from the ailing gazelles which was identified as peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv). epidemiology of the disease in the arabian peninsula is discussed. | 2004 | 15030603 |
| pathological and immunohistochemical study of experimental peste des petits ruminants virus infection in goats. | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an emerging, economically important viral disease of goats and sheep in the indian subcontinent. in the present investigation, 15 hill goats were experimentally infected with 2 ml of 10% splenic suspension of a virulent isolate of ppr virus (ppr/izatnagar/94) that had caused heavy mortality (>75%) in goats during 1994 outbreaks in northern india. more than 86% (13 of 15) animals died between 9 and 13 days post inoculation at the height of temperature or when t ... | 2004 | 15228548 |
| characterization of immunodominant linear b-cell epitopes on the carboxy terminus of the rinderpest virus nucleocapsid protein. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein of rinderpest virus (rpv) is one of the most abundant and immunogenic viral proteins expressed during natural or experimental infection. to identify immunogenic epitopes on the n protein, different forms of rpv n protein, including the full-length protein (n(1-525)), an amino-terminal construct (n(1-179)), and a carboxy-terminal construct (n(414-496)), were expressed in escherichia coli as glutathione s-transferase (gst) fusion proteins. the antigenicity of each reco ... | 2004 | 15242937 |
| characteristic and non-characteristic pathological findings in peste des petits ruminants (ppr) of sheep in the ege district of turkey. | this report describes the pathological and immunohistochemical findings in naturally infected lambs from three outbreaks of peste des petits ruminants in mugla and aydin provinces of the ege district of turkey. at necropsy, ulcerative stomatitis, catarrhal or fibrinous bronchopneumonia, and acute catarrhal enteritis were observed. histopathologically, syncytial cells containing inclusion bodies were seen in the tongue and in the buccal, labial and soft palate mucosae. in pneumonic lungs, syncyti ... | 2004 | 15276853 |
| cytotoxic t cell epitope in cattle from the attachment glycoproteins of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses. | the surface glycoproteins of rinderpest virus (rpv) confer protective immunity in cattle. we demonstrated that cattle immunized with a recombinant extracellular baculovirus expressing the hemagglutinin (h) protein of rpv (recv-h) generate virus neutralizing antibody responses, bovine leukocyte antigen (bola) class ii restricted helper t cell responses and bola class i restricted cytotoxic t cell (ctl) responses against rpv-h and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoprotein of closely related pe ... | 2004 | 15357906 |
| a sandwich-elisa for the diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) infection in small ruminants using anti-nucleocapsid protein monoclonal antibody. | a sandwich elisa test using ppr specific monoclonal antibody (clone 4g6) to an epitope of nucleocapsid protein has been developed. the test uses polyclonal sera to capture the antigen from clinical samples (swabs and tissues). captured antigens from clinical samples are detected using ppr specific monoclonal antibody. the test is specific to ppr as it failed to detect rinderpest vaccine virus (rbok strain). varieties of clinical samples originating from laboratory experiments (n = 231) and from ... | 2004 | 15503204 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus. | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an acute, febrile viral disease of small ruminants, caused by a virus of the genus morbillivirus. ppr and rinderpest viruses are antigenically related and need to be differentiated serologically. in the present study, 23 mouse monoclonal antibodies were produced by polyethyleneglycol (peg)-mediated fusion of sensitized lymphocytes and myeloma cells. among these, two belong to the igm class and the remaining 21 to various subclasses of igg. the mabs from the ig ... | 2004 | 15563110 |
| antigenic and immunogenic investigation of b-cell epitopes in the nucleocapsid protein of peste des petits ruminants virus. | attempts were made to identify and map epitopes on the nucleocapsid (n) protein of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) (nigeria75/1 strain) using seven monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and deletion mutants. at least four antigenic domains (a-i, a-ii, c-i, and c-ii) were identified using the mabs. domains a-i (mab 33-4) and a-ii (mabs 38-4, p-3h12, and p-13a9) were determined to be located on the amino-terminal half (amino acids [aa] 1 to 262), and domains c-i (p-14c6) and c-ii (p-9h10 and p-11a6 ... | 2005 | 15642994 |
| a serological survey of ruminant livestock in kazakhstan during post-soviet transitions in farming and disease control. | the results of a serological survey of livestock in kazakhstan, carried out in 1997--1998, are reported. serum samples from 958 animals (cattle, sheep and goats) were tested for antibodies to foot and mouth disease (fmd), bluetongue (bt), epizootic haemorrhagic disease (ehd), rinderpest (rp) and peste des petits ruminants (ppr) viruses, and to brucella spp. we also investigated the vaccination status of livestock and related this to changes in veterinary provision since independence in 1991. for ... | 2004 | 15663081 |
| the production and evaluation of a standard diagnostic peste des petits ruminants (ppr) hyperimmune serum prepared from the egyptian antigen (egypt 87). | the aim of this study was to produce a specific hyperimmune serum for diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants (ppr). based on good laboratory practices and standard operating procedures, we produced this reagent in goats using attenuated local strain of pprv. the quality was assured to meet the internationally required levels of potency and sterility. the titer of the product was 1024 as evaluated by virus neutralization (vn) and agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) tests. in its final form, it is a ... | 2004 | 15724381 |
| vaccination for the control of peste des petits ruminants. | | 2004 | 15742621 |
| extending the foot-and-mouth disease module to the control of other diseases. | during the recent devastating epidemics of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd), bluetongue (bt), the highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) and new castle disease, more than 115 million animals were culled. the mass slaughter of animals raised serious ethical questions. these epidemics showed that the use of emergency vaccination is an essential element in disease control. during the last decade the fmd antigen banks have proved to be effective and this module should be extended. an international vac ... | 2004 | 15742644 |
| development of a n gene-based pcr-elisa for detection of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus in clinical samples. | a highly sensitive n gene-based pcr-elisa for the detection of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv) was developed. the rt-pcr yielded a digoxigenin (dig)-labeled product of 336 bp comprising a sequence from pprv n gene, which was then detected by elisa. the assay could detect the viral rna in pprv-infected tissue culture fluids with a titer as low as 0.1 tcid(50)/ml. the assay is 10,000 times more sensitive than a classical rt-pcr combined with agarose gel electrophoresis. the assay could det ... | 2004 | 15745048 |
| rapid competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants virus. | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is a contagious viral disease of small ruminants that is of economic importance in africa, the middle east, and asia. we developed a rapid competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (rapid c-elisa) for the diagnosis and surveillance of ppr. this assay detects ppr virus (pprv) antibodies in serum samples by quantifying the amount of monoclonal antibody (mab) p-3h12 after 30 min of incubation of a serum-mab conjugate mixture on plates coated with a pprv recombin ... | 2005 | 15817764 |
| serologic surveillance for selected viral agents in captive and free-ranging populations of arabian oryx (oryx leucoryx) from saudi arabia and the united arab emirates. | a total of 294 sera collected between 1999 and 2001 from eight captive and one free-ranging herds of arabian oryx (oryx leucoryx) distributed in saudi arabia (sa) and the united arab emirates (uae) were assayed for antibodies against 13 selected viral agents. arabian oryx have been exposed to bluetongue virus (btv), epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv), rinderpest virus (rpv), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine adenovirus 3 (bav-3), cervid herpesvirus-1, foot-and-mouth disea ... | 2005 | 15827212 |
| full genome sequence of peste des petits ruminants virus, a member of the morbillivirus genus. | peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) causes an acute febrile illness in small ruminant species, mostly sheep and goats. pprv is a member of the morbillivirus genus which includes measles, rinderpest (cattle plague), canine distemper, phocine distemper and the morbilliviruses found in whales, porpoises and dolphins. full length genome sequences for these morbilliviruses are available and reverse genetic rescue systems have been developed for the viruses of terrestrial mammals, with the excepti ... | 2005 | 15845262 |
| prevalence and distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus infection in small ruminants in india. | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an acute febrile viral disease of goats and sheep characterised by mucopurulent nasal and ocular discharges, necrotising and erosive stomatitis, enteritis and pneumonia. the disease is endemic in india and causes large economic losses each year due to the high rates of mortality and morbidity in infected sheep and goats. the present study reports observations from 58 laboratory confirmed outbreaks of ppr and provides details of the prevalence of antibodies to ... | 2004 | 15861876 |
| antibody seroprevalences against peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus in camels, cattle, goats and sheep in ethiopia. | a questionnaire-survey data indicated that 26% of 276 farmers reported the presence of respiratory disease in their herds in 2001. the incidence was perceived as "high" in small ruminants and camels, but as "low" in cattle. simultaneously, 2815 serum samples from camels (n=628), cattle (n=910), goats (n=442) and sheep (n=835) were tested. the peste des petits ruminants (ppr) antibody seroprevalence was 3% in camels, 9% in cattle, 9% in goats and 13% in sheep. the highest locality-specific seropr ... | 2005 | 15967242 |
| evaluation of novel diagnostic tools for peste des petits ruminants virus in naturally infected goat herds. | a survey was carried out in two goat herds during a single peste des petits ruminant (ppr) outbreak. clinical examination showed that animals belonging to the west african dwarf species had severe symptoms while those belonging to the west african long-legged species had mild symptoms. to confirm and to monitor the disease in each species, the study required specific monoclonal antibody-based diagnostic tools. an association of shedding of ppr virus (pprv) and acute or mild clinical signs of the ... | 2005 | 16050518 |
| comparative sequence analysis of the large polymerase protein (l) gene of peste-des-petits ruminants (ppr) vaccine virus of indian origin. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the large polymerase (l) protein of the peste-des-petits ruminants (ppr) vaccine virus (pprv sungri/96) belonging to the asian lineage was determined. the gene was 6643 nucleotides in length from the gene-start to the gene-end and encoded a polypeptide of 2183 amino acids. the pprv sungri/96 has a nucleotide homology of 94.1% for pprv nigeria 75/1 to 64.4% for canine distemper virus. at amino acid level pprv sungri/96 has an amino acid identity of 96.2% with p ... | 2005 | 16052284 |
| peste des petits ruminants outbreak in western turkey. | | 2005 | 16127137 |
| experimental studies on immunosuppressive effects of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus in goats. | effect of virulent and attenuated peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus on the immune response to nonspecific antigen (ovalbumin) was investigated. clinical and serological responses were monitored in goats administered with ovalbumin concurrently with either ppr vaccine or virulent virus. study showed that ppr virulent virus causes marked immunosuppression as evidenced by leukopenia, lymphopenia, and reduced early antibody response to both specific and nonspecific antigen. these observations w ... | 2005 | 16188317 |
| peste des petits ruminants in a sheep and goat flock in kayseri province, turkey. | | 2005 | 16244238 |
| comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein gene of peste des petits ruminants vaccine virus of indian origin. | the nucleotide sequences of the phosphoprotein (p) gene of peste des petits ruminants (pprv) vaccine virus (pprv sungri/96) belongs to asian lineage have been determined and the deduced amino acid sequences were compared with another vaccine strain pprv/nigeria75/1 and with those of the other morbilliviruses. the 1652 nucleotides of the p gene encode a phosphoprotein of 509 amino acid residues (from nucleotide numbers 60 to 1587), which is 91% identical to that of pprv/nigeria75/1. the c protein ... | 2006 | 16289265 |
| analysis of the matrix protein gene sequence of the asian lineage of peste-des-petits ruminants vaccine virus. | the m gene nucleotide sequence of an indian peste-des-petits ruminants (pprv) vaccine virus ("pprv sungri/96") belonging to asian lineage was determined. the gene is 1476 nucleotides long with a single open reading frame (orf). the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence was compared with the homologous region of the african lineage vaccine virus "pprv/nigeria/75/1". the nucleotide sequence of the "pprv sungri/96" was 86% identical to that of "pprv/nigeria/75/1", while a homology of 93% and ... | 2006 | 16297575 |
| evaluation of the virulence of some strains of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv) in experimentally infected west african dwarf goats. | different isolates of peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv) from outbreaks in africa and india were investigated for virulence in west african dwarf goats in the ivory coast. six groups of five animals received a virulent suspension of various strains of virus at a concentration of 10(3) tcid(50)/ml and the goats were observed for 15 days after infection. the côte-d'ivoire 89 (ci89), guinea conakry and bissau guinea pprv strains caused a peracute disease; the india-calcutta strain caused acute ... | 2007 | 16310383 |
| importance of the extracellular and cytoplasmic/transmembrane domains of the haemagglutinin protein of rinderpest virus for recovery of viable virus from cdna copies. | a specific interaction between the f and h proteins is required to enable fusion of the virus and host cell membranes and in some cases these proteins are not interchangeable between related viruses of the family paramyxoviridae. for example, the f and h proteins of two ruminant morbilliviruses, rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv), are not interchangeable since viable virus could not be rescued from cdna constructs where an individual glycoprotein gene of rpv was r ... | 2006 | 16343677 |
| marmoset b95a cells: a sensitive system for cultivation of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus. | | 2006 | 16362615 |
| comparison of diagnostic efficacy of a monoclonal antibody-based competitive elisa test with a similar commercial test for the detection of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants (ppr) virus. | | 2006 | 16437308 |
| pathogenicity of a local peste des petits ruminants virus isolate in sheep in turkey. | | 2005 | 16450860 |
| response of white-tailed deer to infection with peste des petits ruminants virus. | white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were infected experimentally with two strains of peste des petits ruminants virus. the response varied from fatal consequence to subclinical infection. the clinical signs and gross lesions were similar to those in goats. virus was recovered from all the infected deer, and survivors developed specific antibodies demonstrated by complement fixation and virus neutralization tests. survivors also resisted challenge with virulent rinderpest virus that was le ... | 1976 | 16502689 |
| sequence analysis of the haemagglutinin and fusion protein genes of peste-des-petits ruminants vaccine virus of indian origin. | the amino acid composition of the two surface proteins of peste-des-petits ruminants vaccine virus belonging to lineage four from india were deduced from the nucleotide sequence. the fusion (f) protein gene of pprv sungri/96 is 2405 nucleotides long and in relation to the length, it is 80 nucleotides longer than that of pprv nigeria/75/1 which are found to be present at the 5'utr of this virus. the complete f gene alignment with other morbillivirus reveals a homology of 89% with pprv/nigeria/75/ ... | 2006 | 16525737 |
| surveillance of wildlife as a tool for monitoring rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants in west africa. | the authors provide a report on the surveillance of rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) in the wildlife population in côte d'ivoire. for this purpose, 266 animals from nine different species, selected according to susceptibility and abundance, were captured and sampled from comoé, marahoué and lamto parks. two hundred and forty seven sera and 214 nasal swabs were collected and analysed by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) and reverse-transcript ... | 2005 | 16642757 |