| comparison of elisa and selective culture in the diagnosis of swine dysentery in thailand. | | 1996 | 8730676 |
| intestinal spirochetosis: first cases reported in brazil and the use of immunohistochemistry as an aid in histopathological diagnosis. | colonization of the colon and rectum by intestinal spirochetes is detected for the first time in brazil in 4 of 282 (1.41%) patients who had undergone sigmoidoscopy and/or colonoscopy with a histopathological diagnosis of chronic non specific-colitis. this frequency is probably underestimated, since surgically obtained specimens were not considered in the present study. histopathological diagnosis was performed using routine stains like hematoxylin-eosin which showed the typical, of 3-microns th ... | 1996 | 8762639 |
| the phylogeny of intestinal porcine spirochetes (serpulina species) based on sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene. | four type or reference strains and twenty-two field strains of intestinal spirochetes isolated from swedish pig herds were subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna sequences. almost complete (>95%) 16s rrna sequences were obtained by solid-phase dna sequencing of in vitro-amplified rrna genes. the genotypic patterns were compared with a previously proposed biochemical classification scheme, comprising beta-hemolysis, indole production, hippurate hydrolysis, and alpha-galactosidase, a ... | 1996 | 8763948 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for sub-specific differentiation of serpulina pilosicoli (formerly 'anguillina coli'). | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was developed for subspecific differentiation of serpulina pilosicoli, and was applied to 52 isolates recovered from cases of intestinal spirochaetosis (is) in pigs, dogs, human beings and various avian species. the technique was highly sensitive, differentiating the isolates into 40 groupings. only six groups contained more than one isolate; in five of these groups isolates with the same banding pattern were either from pigs in the same herds (four groups ... | 1996 | 8764512 |
| cell membrane permeability and mitochondrial dysfunction-inducing activities in cell-free supernatants from serpulina hyodysenteriae serotypes 1 and 2. | membrane permeability (mp) and mitochondrial dysfunction-inducing (mdi) activities were detected in cell-free supernatants (cfs) of serpulina hyodysenteriae, using either hemoglobin release from porcine red blood cells (rbc) or cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase release from porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl), and reduction of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazoyl-2-y1)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide dye by porcine pbl. the mp and mdi activities of cfs correlated with each other for serotype 1 and ... | 1996 | 8800549 |
| phenotypic characteristics of serpulina pilosicoli the agent of intestinal spirochaetosis. | the phenotypic characteristics of three serpulina pilosicoli strains isolated from humans with diarrhoea (wesb, kar, hrm7) and two porcine s. pilosicoli strains isolated from pigs with intestinal spirochaetosis (1648, 3295), were compared with the type strain of the species p43/6/78t (t = type strain) and other intestinal spirochaetes within the genus serpulina. all s. pilosicoli strains had a characteristic ultrastructural appearance, displayed similar growth rates, hydrolysed hippurate, lacked ... | 1996 | 8810504 |
| development of an experimental model allowing discrimination between virulent and avirulent isolates of serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae. | variation in virulence among different strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae was studied by oral inoculation of specific pathogen free piglets and cd-1 mice. piglets infected with serotype 2 reference strain b204 and an untypable field strain lhv-90-9-i had severe diarrhea tainted intermittently with mucus and fresh blood. the piglets inoculated with b169, b8044, b6933, and ack300-8 reference strains representing serotypes 3, 5, 6, and 7 respectively developed moderate diarrhea. however, reference ... | 1996 | 8825993 |
| motility and chemotaxis in serpulina hyodysenteriae. | chemotactic- or motility-regulated mucus association appears to be the predominant mechanism of mucosal association by the causative agent of swine dysentery, serpulina hyodysenteriae. in the present study, a modification of the adler capillary assay was used to evaluate the chemotactic responses of s. hyodysenteriae to a variety of potential stimuli. first, however, it became necessary to study factors that influenced motility of the spirochete in vitro, since standard cultivation methods produ ... | 1996 | 8861640 |
| differentiation of intestinal spirochaetes by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis and 16s rrna sequence comparisons. | multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mee) analysis and comparisons of nearly complete 16s rrna gene sequences (1416 nucleotide positions) were used to evaluate phylogenetic relationships among serpulina hyodysenteriae strain b78t, s. innocens strain b256t, brachyspira aalborgi strain 513at, and eight uncharacterised strains of swine, avian, and human intestinal spirochaetes. from mee analysis, nine strains could be assigned to five groups containing other intestinal spirochaetes (genetic distances ... | 1996 | 8869502 |
| production and characterisation of a monoclonal antibody to serpulina hyodysenteriae. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) directed against serpulina hyodysenteriae, the causative agent of swine dysentery, was produced and characterised. the mab (bjl/sh1) reacted in western blots with a protein with a molecular mass of about 30 kda in outer membrane preparations from a range of s. hyodysenteriae isolates of different serotypes. it did not react with preparations made from a variety of non-s. hyodysenteriae intestinal spirochaetes. immunogold labelling was used to confirm the location of t ... | 1996 | 8869504 |
| light microscopic and ultrastructural changes in the ceca of chicks inoculated with human and canine serpulina pilosicoli. | light microscopic and ultrastructural changes were observed in chicks challenged with north american serpulina pilosicoli, a weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochete (wbhis) associated with human and canine intestinal spirochetosis. chicks in control groups received trypticase soy broth or canine serpulina innocens. the birds were necropsied at weekly intervals, and the ceca were processed for bacteriologic and pathologic examinations. no wbhis were isolated from the ceca of chicks in the con ... | 1996 | 8885181 |
| experimental infection of newly weaned pigs with human and porcine strains of serpulina pilosicoli. | cultures of serpulina pilosicoli 95/1000, isolated from a pig with porcine intestinal spirochetosis (pis), and s. pilosicoli wesb, isolated from an aboriginal child with diarrhea, were used to infect 5-week-old newly weaned pigs. four of 12 pigs infected with strain 95/1000 and 2 of 12 pigs infected with strain wesb became colonized and developed watery, mucoid diarrhea within 2 to 11 days postinfection. affected pigs all had moderate subacute mucosal colitis, with gross and histological changes ... | 1996 | 8890220 |
| invasive intestinal spirochetosis: a report of three cases. | we here report on three patients with gastrointestinal symptoms in whom spirochetes were found in colonic biopsies. the patients, heterosexual adults, were not immunocompromised. electron microscopy was performed on colonic biopsies from each of the three patients. apart from the basophilic band consisting of spirochetes, the mucosa was normal in two patients on light microscopy and showed mild inflammation in the other one. however on electron microscopy there was invasion of the colonic epithe ... | 1996 | 8912364 |
| the incidence of swine dysentery in pigs can be reduced by feeding diets that limit the amount of fermentable substrate entering the large intestine. | two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that feeding diets which limit the amount of fermentable substrate entering the large intestine would protect pigs against experimental infection with serpulina hyodysenteriae, the causative agent of swine dysentery. experiment 1 examined the effect of grain processing (hammer milling vs. steam flaking) and grain type (barley, groats, corn, sorghum and wheat) on indices of fermentation in the large intestine and the incidence of swine dysente ... | 1996 | 8914966 |
| dual flaa1 flab1 mutant of serpulina hyodysenteriae expressing periplasmic flagella is severely attenuated in a murine model of swine dysentery. | the motility imparted by the periplasmic flagella (pf) of serpulina hyodysenteriae is thought to play a pivotal role in the enteropathogenicity of this spirochete. the complex pf are composed of multiple class a and class b polypeptides. isogenic strains containing specifically disrupted flaal or flab1 alleles remain capable of expressing pf, although such mutants display aberrant motility in vitro. to further examine the role that these proteins play in the maintenance of periplasmic flagellar ... | 1996 | 8926083 |
| induction of interleukin (il)-1beta and il-8 mrna expression in porcine macrophages by lipopolysaccharide from serpulina hyodysenteriae. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a classic inducer of inflammatory cytokines and is a key virulence factor for most gram-negative pathogens. the effect of phenol-water (lps) and butanol-water (endotoxin) extracts from serpulina hyodysenteriae on inflammatory cytokine mrna expression from porcine alveolar macrophages was investigated. the lps and endotoxin extracts from s. hyodysenteriae induced a dose-dependent expression of interleukin 1beta (il-1beta) and il-8 which was weak compared with the respo ... | 1996 | 8926114 |
| enhanced isolation of serpulina hyodysenteriae by using sliced agar media. | a method has been developed for separating serpulina hyodysenteriae, a large spirochete and the causative agent of swine dysentery (sd), from other fecal anaerobic bacteria in rectal and colonic swabs. this was done by cutting the blood agar in parallel cuts and streaking perpendicular to the cuts in the center of the petri dish. migration of s. hyodysenteriae from the central streak was apparent by the presence of strong beta-hemolysis along the edges of the cuts. if only s. hyodysenteriae migr ... | 1996 | 8940426 |
| rapid identification of porcine serpulina species by colony blot assay using a genus-specific monoclonal antibody. | an immunoglobulin g monoclonal antibody (mab c9e8) recognising a genus-specific epitope on the 26 kda protein of porcine serpulina species organisms was used in a simple colony blot assay to detect serpulina in cultures grown directly on blood agar plates from pig faeces and tissues. the mab detected even a few colonies of the organism in the presence of an abundant growth of non-serpulina organisms. the whole procedure was completed in less than three hours. a total of 123 strains of s hyodysen ... | 1996 | 8961523 |
| identification of the swine pathogen serpulina hyodysenteriae in rheas (rhea americana). | recently intestinal spirochetes were isolated from rheas in ohio and iowa with a necrotizing typhlocolitis. these intestinal spirochetes, strains r1 and niv-1, were characterized and compared with other intestinal spirochetes, including strains of s. hyodysenteriae. both rhea spirochetes were indole positive, strongly beta-hemolytic, grew under a 1% o2:99% n2 atmosphere, and were morphologically similar to spirochetes in the genus serpulina. analysis of rrna gene restriction patterns (ribotypes) ... | 1996 | 8972051 |
| genetic relatedness amongst intestinal spirochaetes isolated from rats and birds. | multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was used to determine genetic relationships amongst 32 intestinal spirochaetes (serpulina spp.) isolated from rats (17), rheas (7), chickens, (4), ducks (2), a swan (1) and a flamingo (1). the strains were divided into 20 electrophoretic types (ets), with a mean genetic diversity per locus of 0.62. the results were compared with those previously published for porcine intestinal spirochaetes. one strain from a healthy rat, and three rhea strains which were recove ... | 1996 | 8987903 |
| purification and characterization of vsh-1, a generalized transducing bacteriophage of serpulina hyodysenteriae. | serpulina hyodysenteriae b204 cells treated with mitomycin (20 microg of mitomycin/ml of culture broth) lysed and released bacteriophages. bacteriophage particles, precipitated by using polyethylene glycol and purified by csc1 density gradient ultracentrifugation, had a buoyant density of 1.375 g/cm3 and consisted of a head (45-nm diameter) and an ultrastructurally simple (noncontractile) tail (64 by 9 nm) composed of at least 13 proteins with molecular masses ranging between 13 and 101 kda. the ... | 1997 | 8990282 |
| genetic and phenotypic characterization of intestinal spirochetes colonizing chickens and allocation of known pathogenic isolates to three distinct genetic groups. | infection with intestinal spirochetes has recently been recognized as a cause of lost production in the poultry industry. little is known about these organisms, so a collection of 56 isolates originating from chickens in commercial flocks in australia, the united states, the netherlands, and the united kingdom was examined. strength of beta-hemolysis on blood agar, indole production, api zym enzyme profiles, and cellular morphology were determined, and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was used ... | 1997 | 9003607 |
| identification of serpulina species associated with porcine colitis by biochemical analysis and pcr. | a pcr system for the detection and identification of group iv spirochetes (serpulina pilosicoli) was designed to complement biochemical tests, e.g., the hippurate hydrolysis and beta-glucosidase tests, and to verify the accuracy of a previously proposed biochemical classification system. the pcr assay was based on amplification of a segment of the 16s rrna gene. both primers were constructed to selectively amplify the 16s rrna gene of serpulina pilosicoli. all analyzed serpulina strains exhibiti ... | 1997 | 9003616 |
| identification and characterization of serpulina pilosicoli isolates recovered from the blood of critically ill patients. | the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of spirochetes isolated from the blood of one u.s. and six french patients with severe clinical disease or impaired immunity were examined. all spirochetes were anaerobic, weakly beta-hemolytic, positive for hippurate hydrolysis, and negative for beta-glucosidase activity. cell lengths ranged from 4 to 8 microm, and each isolate had between 8 and 12 periplasmic flagella per cell. these features were consistent with the spirochetes' being serpulina pilos ... | 1997 | 9003622 |
| the prevalence of intestinal spirochaetes in dogs. | | 1996 | 9006869 |
| [a case of hemorrhagic rectocolitis associated with the presence of intestinal spirochetes]. | we report a case of a girl of 14 years old who developed a rapidly fatal chronic hemorrhagic rectocolitis. several colonic biopsy specimens were studied by using the vago stain. they showed many spirochetes attached end-to-end to the colonic epithelium. while the demonstration of a causal relationship between the intestinal symptoms and the presence of these spirochetes warrants further studies, the present observation outlines the need of researching this type of microorganisms through stains s ... | 1996 | 9053052 |
| characterization of serpulina hyodysenteriae isolates of serotypes 8 and 9 by random amplification of polymorphic dna analysis. | a pcr-based dna fingerprinting method termed rapd (random amplification of polymorphic dna), or ap-pcr (for arbitrary primed pcr) was used to detect sequence diversity among reference strains and isolates of serpulina hyodysenteriae. rapd fingerprinting of 20 s. hyodysenteriae isolates of serotypes 8 or 9 from quebec was generated with 2 different 10-base primers used independently. reference strains and field isolates belonging to serotypes 8 or 9 revealed polymorphisms in rapd fingerprints wit ... | 1996 | 9054126 |
| cases of spirochete-associated necrotizing typhlitis in captive common rheas (rhea americana). | ceca from greater or common rheas (rhea americana) with gastrointestinal disease were collected from diagnostic labs and avian pathologists across the united states. the ceca were evaluated for the presence of spirochetes and necrosis using hematoxylin and eosin stain or warthin-starry silver-stained tissue sections and anaerobic culture. spirochete-associated necrotizing typhlitis was documented in 11 states. most cases were reported in the summer and fall and occurred in rheas less than 5 mo o ... | 1997 | 9087331 |
| development of selected faecal microfloras and of phagocytic and killing capacity of neutrophils in young pigs. | nine healthy piglets, weaned at the age of 35 days and emanating from two litters, were studied from 7 to 63 days of age. the development of their faecal flora was analysed by bacteriological quantification of coliforms, e. coli, enterococci and clostridium perfringens. the numbers of coliforms, e. coli and enterococci decreased from about 10(8) cfu/g faeces on day 7 to about 10(5) at the end of the study. clostridium perfringens, with an initial value of 10(4) cfu/g faeces, was not found in any ... | 1997 | 9100329 |
| rapid identification of porcine serpulina species. | | 1997 | 9123803 |
| extracellular dna from serpulina hyodysenteriae consists of 6.5 kbp random fragments of chromosomal dna. | preparations of chromosomal dna from a number of serpulina hyodysenteriae strains have shown, using agarose gel electrophoresis, the presence of an additional band with a mobility similar to that of a 6.5 kbp linear dna fragment. analysis showed that this is not a plasmid but rather a form of extracellular dna like that observed for gram-negative bacteria. however, unlike the extracellular dna from gram-negative bacteria, which showed a similar band profile to that of the dna from whole cells, t ... | 1997 | 9163909 |
| phenotypic and genotypic profiles of human, canine, and porcine spirochetes associated with colonic spirochetosis correlates with in vivo brush border attachment. | a group of phenotypically and genotypically distinct weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes (wbhis) have been associated with a diarrheal disease of humans, dogs and swine, designated colonic spirochetosis (cs). because attachment of spirochetes to the brush border of colonic enterocytes is a consistent feature of cs, it may represent an important virulence mechanism. in this study, pure cultures of wbhis obtained from humans, dogs, and swine with clinical signs or lesions of cs were compa ... | 1997 | 9192008 |
| cell membrane permeability- and mitochondrial dysfunction-inducing activities in cell free supernatants from serpulina hyodysenteriae serotypes 1 and 2. | | 1997 | 9192022 |
| functional analysis of serpulina hyodysenteriae hemolysin lytic activity. | | 1997 | 9192025 |
| laboratory identification and enteropathogenicity testing of serpulina pilosicoli associated with porcine colonic spirochetosis. | pathogenic intestinal spirochetes of swine include serpulina hyodysenteriae, a strongly beta-hemolytic spirochete that causes swine dysentery, and s. pilosicoli, a weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochete (wbhis) that causes porcine colonic spirochetosis. because of the existence of nonpathogenic wbhis in the normal swine colon, it is important to develop laboratory procedures for accurate identification of s. pilosicoli. the purpose of the present study was to assess hippurate hydrolysis and ... | 1997 | 9211236 |
| immunoblot reactivity of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies with periplasmic flagellar proteins flaa1 and flab of porcine serpulina species. | the periplasmic-flagellum (pf) proteins of triton x-100-soluble and triton x-100-insoluble sodium dodecyl sulfate-treated fractions from reference and field strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae, serpulina innocens, and serpulina pilosicoli were characterized by western blotting with a rabbit polyclonal antibody (pab) specific for the 44-kda pf sheath protein of s. hyodysenteriae (z. li, f. dumas, d. dubreuil, and m. jacques, j. bacteriol. 175:8000-8007, 1993) and a murine monoclonal antibody (mab ... | 1997 | 9220154 |
| multiplex polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection of lawsonia intracellularis, serpulina hyodysenteriae, and salmonellae in porcine intestinal specimens. | proliferative enteritis, swine dysentery, and porcine salmonellosis are the most common enteric bacterial diseases affecting pigs in the growing and finishing stages of production. currently, diagnoses of these diseases by standard cultural techniques of intestinal specimens can be laborious, time consuming, and expensive (swine dysentery, porcine salmonellosis) or impossible (proliferative enteritis). amplification by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of dna sequences specific for each bacterial ... | 1997 | 9249167 |
| unification of the genera serpulina and brachyspira, and proposals of brachyspira hyodysenteriae comb. nov., brachyspira innocens comb. nov. and brachyspira pilosicoli comb. nov. | the phylogenetic positions of serpulina hyodysenteriae, serpulina innocens, serpulina pilosicoli and brachyspira aalborgi were studied. complete 16s ribosomal dna sequences of these three species and b. aalborgi revealed that their 16s rdna sequences were related more than 96.0%. the mol% guanine plus cytosine (g+c) of b. aalborgi dna was 27.1, and was similar to those of the 3 members of the genus serpulina. the homologous rates using 31p-labeled b. aalborgi chromosome dna in dna-dna reassociat ... | 1997 | 9251055 |
| characterization of flaa- and flab- mutants of serpulina hyodysenteriae: both flagellin subunits, flaa and flab, are necessary for full motility and intestinal colonization. | motility of serpulina hyodysenterlae is thought to play a pivotal role in the enteropathogenicity of this spirochete. to test this, a series of isogenic mutants containing specifically disrupted flagellar alleles (flaa1 and flab1) were constructed and examined for virulence and ability to colonize the intestinal tract of mice. mice challenged with the wild-type, parent strain showed a dose-related response to the challenge organism. in contrast, all flagellar mutant strains demonstrated aberrant ... | 1997 | 9252581 |
| structure-activity relationships of hygromycin a and its analogs: protein synthesis inhibition activity in a cell free system. | several analogs of hygromycin a were tested in an escherichia coli cell free protein synthesis inhibition assay and in a serpulina hyodysenteriae whole cell assay. the aminocyclitol moiety is essential for antibacterial activity in both cell free and whole cell assays. however a 4'-o-allyl ether of hygromycin a aglycone showed an equivalent mic to hygromycin a, while having a less potent ic50 in the cell free assay. hence 6-deoxy-5-keto-d-arabino-hexofuranose can be replaced by a hydrophobic all ... | 1997 | 9268009 |
| pathogenicity of serpulina hyodysenteriae: in vivo induction of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 by a serpulinal butanol/water extract (endotoxin). | lipopolysaccharide (lps) of gram-negative bacteria is a classic inducer of inflammatory cytokines. in the present experiments, lps-like (phenol/water extract) or endotoxin-like (butanol/water extract) preparations from serpulina hyodysenteriae were examined for their ability to induce serum tumor necrosis factor (tnf) or interleukin (il)-6 bioactivity in mice and swine. serpulina hyodysenteriae endotoxin (butanol/water extract) elicited increased serum tnf activity in mice, although serpulinal e ... | 1997 | 9281475 |
| pathogenicity of three strains of serpulina pilosicoli in pigs with a naturally acquired intestinal flora. | serpulina pilosicoli is an anaerobic spirochete which has been isolated from the colons of pigs with enteric disease. the clinical and pathologic features of experimental infections of conventional pigs (born by normal farrowing with a naturally acquired intestinal flora) with three strains of s. pilosicoli were determined in order to confirm the enteropathogenicity of this species. strains were derived from the colons of british pigs with colitis and passaged 8 to 10 times during expansion and ... | 1997 | 9284139 |
| purified outer membranes of serpulina hyodysenteriae contain cholesterol. | we have isolated outer and inner membranes of serpulina hyodysenteriae by using discontinuous sucrose density gradients. the outer and inner membrane fractions contained less than 1 and 2%, respectively, of the total nadh oxidase activity (soluble marker) in the cell lysate. various membrane markers including lipooligosaccharide (los), the 16-kda outer membrane lipoprotein (smpa), and the c subunit of the f1f0 atpase indicated that the lowest-density membrane fraction contained outer membranes w ... | 1997 | 9286995 |
| outer membrane-associated serine protease of intestinal spirochetes. | pathogenic intestinal spirochetes cause damage to the intestinal mucosa of humans and animals by an unknown mechanism. the purpose of this study was to assess the pathogenic intestinal spirochetes serpulina hyodysenteriae, serpulina pilosicoli, and brachyspira aalborgi and the non-pathogenic commensal intestinal spirochetes serpulina innocens and treponema succinifaciens for protease activity. a partially heat stable, subtilisin-like, serine protease was identified in the outer membrane of all s ... | 1997 | 9297834 |
| sub-specific differentiation of intestinal spirochaete isolates by macrorestriction fragment profiling. | macrorestriction fragment profile analysis by pfge was used to distinguish intestinal spirochaetes, some of which were isolated from cases of swine dysentery and intestinal spirochaetosis in humans, pigs, mice, chickens and dogs. macrorestriction fragment profiles using smai and sacii restriction enzymes were produced and used in statistical analysis. this permitted the division of the isolates into two major clusters. one cluster contained isolates which were identified as serpulina pilosicoli ... | 1997 | 9308176 |
| colonic spirochetal infections in nonhuman primates that were associated with brachyspira aalborgi, serpulina pilosicoli, and unclassified flagellated bacteria. | | 1997 | 9310673 |
| induction of gross and microscopic lesions of porcine proliferative enteritis by lawsonia intracellularis. | to evaluate experimental induction of porcine proliferative enteritis (ppe), using cell cultured lawsonia intracellularis (ileal symbiont intracellularis), and to determine whether dexamethasone administration or age of the host or both affects susceptibility to l intracellularis infection. | 1997 | 9328666 |
| recognition of two new species of intestinal spirochetes: serpulina intermedia sp. nov. and serpulina murdochii sp. nov. | on the basis of dna-dna hybridization data, nine intestinal spirochete strains were grouped into five genospecies. three of these genospecies were previously recognized serpulina species, serpulina hyodysenteriae (type strain, b78), serpulina innocens (type strain, b256), and serpulina pilosicoli (type strain, p43/6/78; previously "anguillina coli"). the other two genospecies were found to be new serpulina species, for which we propose the names serpulina intermedia sp. nov. (with type strain pw ... | 1997 | 9336899 |
| analysis of the lytic activity of the serpulina hyodysenteriae hemolysin. | the hemolysins of serpulina hyodysenteriae are active at 27 to 40 degrees c and ph 3 to 9 and are unaffected by enzymatic inhibitors. pore formation was demonstrated by the inhibition of hemolysis with molecules of 2.0 to 2.3 nm in diameter and the release of 86rubidium from erythrocytes without hemoglobin release after exposure to native hemolysin. | 1997 | 9353080 |
| evidence for serpulina hyodysenteriae being recombinant, with an epidemic population structure. | the population structure of serpulina hyodysenteriae was investigated using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. a total of 231 isolates were divided into 50 electrophoretic types (ets), with a mean genetic diversity of 0.29 for the number of ets and 0.23 for the number of isolates. subsets of isolates from two australian states (71 isolates from victoria and 68 isolates from queensland) exhibited as much genetic variation as the entire collection. the calculated index of association (ia) for the ... | 1997 | 9353937 |
| specific detection of serpulina hyodysenteriae and potentially pathogenic weakly beta-haemolytic porcine intestinal spirochetes by polymerase chain reaction targeting 23s rdna. | a 2470-bp section of the 23s ribosomal dna from serpulina hyodysenteriae and five biochemically different groups of weakly beta-haemolytic porcine intestinal serpulina strains was sequenced. the similarity between the sequenced strains was high (96.85% to 99.84%). a phylogenetic tree was estimated by the maximum likelihood method. the sequenced strains formed three groups. serpulina hyodysenteriae and biochemical group ii ('s. intermedius') formed a cluster, but 20 nucleotide positions were diff ... | 1997 | 9375296 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism of the periplasmic flagellar flaa1 gene of serpulina species. | forty-one reference and field isolates of intestinal spirochetes representing serpulina hyodysenteriae, serpulina innocens, serpulina pilosicoli, brachyspira aalborgi, and nonclassified weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes were compared by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the periplasmic flagellar (pf) flaa1 gene. six genetically distinct groups (i through vi), each with a unique rflp fingerprint pattern, were identified by southern blotting analysis of ecorv chromosoma ... | 1997 | 9384289 |
| experimental infection of c3h mice with avian, porcine, or human isolates of serpulina pilosicoli. | c3h/hej (lps(d)/lps(d)) and c3h/heouj (lps(n)/lps(n)) mice were infected via gastric intubation with avian, porcine, or human isolates of weakly hemolytic spirochetes classified as serpulina pilosicoli. upon histopathological examination of cecal tissue from mice infected with avian or porcine isolates, colonization of spirochetes attached end-on to the apical surface of enterocytes was observed. there were no apparent differences in severity of cecal lesions between the lipopolysaccharide (lps) ... | 1997 | 9393839 |
| [toxicity of the combination of salinomycin and tiamulin in swine]. | the toxicity of the combination of salinomycin (sal.) and tiamulin (tia.) was investigated in dependence upon dosage and feeding method. in addition the efficacy of a safe dose for prophylactic treatment of dysentery was controlled. following feed medications were tested for toxic effects in pigs: a) 3 mg sal. + 5 mg tia./kg bw, b) 3 mg sal. + 3 mg tia./kg bw, c) 3 mg sal. + 1 mg tia./kg bw, d) 3 mg sal./kg bw, e) 10 mg tia./kg bw, f) 30 mg tia./kg bw. the daily dose was given for 2 weeks by res ... | 1997 | 9410734 |
| isolation of serpulina pilosicoli from rectal biopsy specimens showing evidence of intestinal spirochetosis. | histologic evidence of intestinal spirochetosis (is) was found in 22 of 41 (53.7%) rectal biopsy specimens from homosexual men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. serpulina pilosicoli was cultured from 11 of the is-positive biopsy specimens (50%) and from 2 specimens (10.5%) in which spirochetes were not observed. the association between seeing spirochetes in biopsy specimens and isolating s. pilosicoli was statistically significant, clearly indicating that this spirochete is the a ... | 1998 | 9431961 |
| cooperative haemolysis between weakly beta-haemolytic human intestinal spirochaetes and staphylococcus aureus. | weakly beta-haemolytic spirochaetes related to human intestinal spirochaetosis produced a cooperative haemolysis together with s. aureus consisting of an enhanced haemolysis in the zone of the spirochaetal growth which was overlapped by the zone of activity of the staphylococcal beta-haemolysin. the cooperative haemolysis was observed in sheep blood agar media when the concentration of spirochaetes ranged from 1.5 x 10(3) to 1.5 x 10(8) cfu/ml and the concentration of s. aureus from 4 x 10(3) to ... | 1997 | 9440196 |
| the prevalence of serpulina pilosicoli in humans and domestic animals in the eastern highlands of papua new guinea. | in a survey of five villages in the eastern highlands of papua new guinea, serpulina pilosicoli was isolated from rectal swabs from 113 of 496 individuals (22.8%). colonization rates ranged from 22.6-30.1% in four of the villages but was only 8.6% in the other village. in comparison colonization was demonstrated in only 5 of 54 indigenous people (9.3%) and none of 76 non-indigenous people living in an urban environment in the same region. colonization did not relate to reported occurrence of dia ... | 1997 | 9440442 |
| identification of a linked set of genes in serpulina hyodysenteriae (b204) predicted to encode closely related 39-kilodalton extracytoplasmic proteins. | a tandem pair of nearly identical genes from serpulina hyodysenteriae (b204) were cloned and sequenced. the full open reading frame of one gene and the partial open reading frame of the neighboring gene appear to encode secreted proteins which are homologous to, yet distinct from, the 39-kda extracytoplasmic protein purified from the membrane fraction of s. hyodysenteriae. we have designated these newly identified genes vspa and vspb (for variable surface protein). | 1998 | 9440540 |
| cecal spirochetosis associated with serpulina pilosicoli in captive juvenile ring-necked pheasants. | spirochetes similar to those described in the ceca of broilers with diarrhea and in laying hens with decreased egg production and growth were identified in the ceca of captive-raised juvenile ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus). the birds were submitted for diagnostic investigation of an illness characterized by a seromucoid ocular discharge, sneezing, swollen infraorbital sinuses, and weight loss. in addition to cecal spirochetosis, the birds had mild enteric coccidiosis, trichomoniasis ... | 1997 | 9454940 |
| typhlitis caused by intestinal serpulina-like bacteria in domestic guinea pigs (cavia porcellus). | between january 1992 and december 1996, serpulina-like bacteria were demonstrated in intestinal tract lesions from 37 of 88 guinea pigs submitted to the university of ghent in ghent, belgium, for necropsy because of disease and death from different unknown causes. all infected animals had a history of sudden death with minimal introductory clinical signs. occasionally, they produced yellow, slimy feces or showed nervous signs, but the condition always had a fatal outcome within 24 h. when larger ... | 1998 | 9508297 |
| morphologic and temporal characterisation of lesions in an enhanced murine model of serpulina hyodysenteriae infection. | this laboratory has previously reported a murine model of serpulina hyodysenteriae infection in which mice fed a defined diet, teklad 85420 (td), developed caecal lesions more consistently than mice fed a conventional rodent chow (crc). the objectives of the current studies were to characterise and compare the time of onset of lesions, the morphological nature and severity of lesions and the extent of colonisation by s. hyodysenteriae in mice fed the two diets. in the first of two experiments, 5 ... | 1998 | 9511833 |
| investigations into field cases of porcine colitis with particular reference to infection with serpulina pilosicoli. | investigations into the possible causes of colitis and typhlocolitis were carried out on 85 pig units in the united kingdom between 1992 and 1996. serpulina pilosicoli was identified most commonly, occurring as the suggested primary agent on 21 (25 per cent) of the units but forming part of mixed infections on another 23 (27 per cent) of the units, the main co-infections being yersinia pseudotuberculosis (eight units), proliferative enteropathy (six units), salmonella species (four units) or ser ... | 1998 | 9549864 |
| preparation of diagnostic polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against outer envelope proteins of serpulina pilosicoli. | the purpose of this study was to prepare specific sera for use in the rapid detection and identification of the intestinal spirochaete serpulina pilosicoli. in western blot analysis, with pig antiserum which was raised against whole cells of s. pilosicoli and absorbed with outer envelope protein extracts from s. hyodysenteriae and s. innocens, a prominent protein with mr of c. 72 kda was consistently identified in outer envelope preparations of s. pilosicoli strains. immunogold labelling demonst ... | 1998 | 9568997 |
| development and evaluation of polymerase chain reaction tests as an aid to diagnosis of swine dysentery and intestinal spirochaetosis. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) tests were established for detection of serpulina hyodysenteriae, the agent of swine dysentery, and s. pilosicoli, the agent of intestinal spirochaetosis. both reactions were specific when tested with dna from 107 strains of various intestinal spirochaetes. for diagnostic use, faeces were plated to selective medium, and diatomaceous earth extraction used to obtain dna prior to pcr. this procedure detected 10(3)-10(4) cells of either organism seeded into 0.2 g of f ... | 1998 | 9569695 |
| structure and expression of the flaa periplasmic flagellar protein of borrelia burgdorferi. | the spirochete which causes lyme disease, borrelia burgdorferi, has many features common to other spirochete species. outermost is a membrane sheath, and within this sheath are the cell cylinder and periplasmic flagella (pfs). the pfs are subterminally attached to the cell cylinder and overlap in the center of the cell. most descriptions of the b. burgdorferi flagellar filaments indicate that these organelles consist of only one flagellin protein (flab). in contrast, the pfs from other spirochet ... | 1998 | 9573194 |
| characterization of a haemolysin from mycobacterium tuberculosis with homology to a virulence factor of serpulina hyodysenteriae. | scrutiny of sequence data from the mycobacterium leprae genome sequencing project identified the presence of a gene encoding a 268-amino-acid polypeptide which is highly similar to a pore-forming haemolysin/cytotoxin virulence determinant, tlya, from the swine pathogen serpulina hyodysenteriae. using degenerate oligonucleotide primers based on the tlya sequences, the mycobacterium tuberculosis homologue was amplified and this product was used to obtain the clone and sequence a 2.5 kb fragment co ... | 1998 | 9611795 |
| evaluation of day-old specific pathogen-free chicks as an experimental model for pathogenicity testing of intestinal spirochaete species. | specific pathogen-free chicks aged 1 day were challenged per os with strains of five different species of intestinal spirochaete originally isolated from pigs or human beings. a virulent strain of serpulina hyodysenteriae (wa 15) colonized chicks, causing retarded growth rate and histological changes, including caecal atrophy, epithelial and goblet cell hyperplasia, and crypt elongation. a further strain of s. hyodysenteriae (sa3), which was apparently avirulent for pigs, and a strain of serpuli ... | 1998 | 9651813 |
| detection of lawsonia intracellularis, serpulina hyodysenteriae, weakly beta-haemolytic intestinal spirochaetes, salmonella enterica, and haemolytic escherichia coli from swine herds with and without diarrhoea among growing pigs. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was optimized to detect lawsonia intracellularis in faeces from naturally infected pigs. by combining a boiling procedure to extract dna and a nested pcr procedure, a detection limit at 2 x 10(2) bacterial cells per gram of faeces was achieved. the optimized pcr was used together with conventional culture techniques to detect serpulina hyodysenteriae, weakly beta-haemolytic intestinal spirochaetes (wbhis), salmonella enterica, and haemolytic escherichia coli, in ... | 1998 | 9659692 |
| canine intestinal spirochetes consist of serpulina pilosicoli and a newly identified group provisionally designated "serpulina canis" sp. nov. | the spirochetes inhabiting the large intestines of humans and animals consist of a diverse group of related organisms. intestinal spirochetosis caused by serpulina pilosicoli is a newly recognized enteric disease of human beings and animals with potential public health significance. the purpose of this study was to determine the species identity of canine intestinal spirochetes by comparing 30 isolates obtained from dogs in australia (n = 25) and the united states (n = 5) with reference strains ... | 1998 | 9666003 |
| dietary zinc oxide in weaned pigs--effects on performance, tissue concentrations, morphology, neutrophil functions and faecal microflora. | the uptake and distribution of zinc in tissues and the effects of 2500 ppm dietary zinc oxide on health, faecal microflora, and the functions of circulating neutrophils were evaluated in weaned pigs. one group was fed a zinc supplement diet and another group was used as a control. all pigs remained healthy throughout the study, but the supplemented animals showed better performance than the controls. the serum zinc values rose rapidly. at autopsy, carried out at the age of 63 days, the zinc conc ... | 1998 | 9690608 |
| identification of porcine serpulina strains in routine diagnostic bacteriology. | serpulina strains from pigs were identified using simple tests. the large size of s. hyodysenteriae in stainings from colonic contents and faeces was found useful for the presumptive differentiation of this major pathogenic species from the other serpulinae. however, this morphological characteristic gets lost upon cultivation. the 'ring phenomenon' aided to confirm the strong haemolysis typical for s. hyodysenteriae. the weakly haemolytic species s. innocens, s. pilosicoli, s. intermedia and s. ... | 1998 | 9695288 |
| detection of extrachromosomal dna in italian isolates of weakly beta-haemolytic human intestinal spirochaetes. | weakly beta-haemolytic human intestinal spirochaetes (w beta his) isolated in italy showed an extrachromosomal band migrating at 4.3 kb after agarose gel electrophoresis of total dna. the band was observed within 4 strains (hrm2, hrm4, hrm7 and hrm14) among the 7 w beta his analysed and was resistant to proteinase k and rnase treatment, whereas after purification it was completely digested by incubation with dnasei. the origin, the structure and the significance of this extrachromosomal dna are ... | 1998 | 9699203 |
| examination of serpulina pilosicoli for attachment and invasion determinants of enterobacteria. | the spirochaete, serpulina pilosicoli, is the agent of intestinal spirochaetosis, a diarrhoeal disease of humans and other species. by mechanisms as yet unknown, large numbers of these spirochaetes intimately attach to the colonic mucosa by one cell end. in some infected individuals, the spirochaetes may invade the lamina propria and adjacent tissues, and they may cause spirochaetaemia. to examine s. pilosicoli for pathogenic determinants homologous with enterobacteria, dna was extracted from si ... | 1998 | 9711840 |
| population genetic analysis of serpulina pilosicoli and its molecular epidemiology in villages in the eastern highlands of papua new guinea. | the population genetics of serpulina pilosicoli and its molecular epidemiology in villages in the eastern highlands province of papua new guinea were investigated. multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mlee) was used to analyse 164 isolates from humans and animals. these were divided into 33 electrophoretic types (ets), four of which contained 65% of the isolates. the mean genetic diversity (n = number of ets) for 145 human isolates was 0.18, and the mean number of alleles at five polymorphic loci ... | 1998 | 9734020 |
| serpulina alvinipulli sp. nov., a new serpulina species that is enteropathogenic for chickens. | strain c1t is an anaerobic spirochaete that causes intestinal disease in chickens. multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis and 16s rrna sequence comparisons have indicated that this spirochaete is a serpulina strain. in these investigations, various phenotypic and genomic properties useful for establishing a taxonomic identity for strain c1t were studied. as determined by electron microscopy, cells of the spirochaete measured 8-11 x 0.22-0.34 mum and had a typical spirochaete ultrastructure. ... | 1998 | 9734021 |
| identification of a gene sequence encoding a putative pyruvate oxidoreductase in serpulina pilosicoli. | serpulina pilosicoli is a recently described species of intestinal spirochaete which can be identified using a species-specific monoclonal antibody bjl/ac1 reactive with a 29-kda protein located in the cell envelope. a genomic library of the type strain of s. pilosicoli p43/6/78t was created in lambda zap express and screened using bjl/ac1. single positive clones were isolated and excised into the phagemid vector pbk-cmv. phagemid dna was purified and a single clone was selected for sequencing. ... | 1998 | 9741089 |
| serpulina pilosicoli, waterbirds and water: potential sources of infection for humans and other animals. | serpulina pilosicoli was isolated from 8 of 43 (19%) faecal specimens obtained from feral waterbirds sampled around a small lake at perth zoological gardens, western australia, and from 3 of 7 (43%) samples of the lake water. the organism was only isolated from 1 of 204 (0.5%) samples from captive birds and animals in the zoological collection. multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis of the isolates showed that they were genetically diverse, and none had identical electrophoretic profiles as ... | 1998 | 9747776 |
| changes in bacterial populations in the colon of pigs fed different sources of dietary fibre, and the development of swine dysentery after experimental infection. | swine dysentery (sd) is a disease which can be controlled by feeding a diet low in dietary fibre. the influence of source and inclusion level of dietary fibre both on bacterial populations in the colon, and on subsequent development of sd in pigs experimentally infected with serpulina hyodysenteriae was evaluated. in experiment 1, pigs were fed a low-fibre diet based on cooked rice and a animal protein supplement, or the same diet containing added insoluble (insp, fed as oaten chaff) or soluble ... | 1998 | 9750287 |
| presence of 22- and 17-kda proteins reacting with sera in mice experimentally infected with brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae. | the antibodies to b. (s.)hyodysenteriae in experimentally infected mice were detected by microscopic agglutination test (mat) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the reactions in mat were serotype specific while those in elisa were common to both strains. a further investigation with immunoblotting technique demonstrated that 22- and 17-kda proteins reacted strongly with the sera. the proteins in atcc 27164 strain strongly reacted with the serum from atcc 31212 strain-infected mouse a ... | 1998 | 9764417 |
| [serpulina hyodysenteriae infections in swine]. | | 1998 | 9764463 |
| confirmation of the role of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates in the expression of swine dysentery in pigs after experimental infection. | two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that soluble non-starch polysaccharides (nsp) and resistant starch (rs) cause swine dysentery (sd) in pigs experimentally infected with the spirochete serpulina hyodysenteriae. in experiment 1, a source of soluble nsp (guar gum; gg), insoluble nsp (oat chaff; oc), resistant starch (retrograde cornstarch; rs) or a combination of gg and rs (gg + rs) was added to a diet containing cooked white rice (r), soybean meal (sbm) and animal protein (mea ... | 1998 | 9772144 |
| specific detection of the genus serpulina, s. hyodysenteriae and s. pilosicoliin porcine intestines by fluorescent rrna in situ hybridization. | a fluorescent-labelledin situ hybridization method targeting rrna was devised to facilitate specific identification and diagnosis of diarrhoea and colitis in pigs caused by the genus serpulina, as well as to distinguish the species serpulina hyodysenteriae and serpulina pilosicoli in formalin-fixed colon tissue sections. a genus-specific oligonucleotide probe ser1410 targeting the five species of porcine serpulina was thus designed. furthermore, species specific oligonucleotide probes (hyo1210, ... | 1998 | 9778458 |
| in vitro activity of four antimicrobial agents against north american isolates of porcine serpulina pilosicoli. | porcine colonic spirochetosis is a nonfatal diarrheal disease that affects pigs during the growing and finishing stages of production. the disease is caused by serpulina pilosicoli, a newly recognized species of pathogenic intestinal spirochete. antimicrobial therapy aimed at reducing the infection may be helpful in controlling spirochetal diarrhea. in this study, the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of the reference isolate s. pilosicoli p43/6/78 from the united kingdom and 19 field isol ... | 1998 | 9786523 |
| variation amongst human isolates of brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli based on biochemical characterization and 16s rrna gene sequencing. | brachyspira pilosicoli (formerly serpulina pilosicoli) causes swine spirochaetosis and can also be isolated fro human faeces, although its role in human disease remains unclear. the genetic and biochemical variations amongst 19 isolates of human spirochaetes from five different countries were evaluated and compared to those found amongst swine isolates of b. pilosicoli. all isolates were negative for beta-glucosidase and all but one were positive for hippurate hydrolysis, which are characteristi ... | 1998 | 9828427 |
| search for bacteriophages spontaneously occurring in cultures of haemolytic intestinal spirochaetes of human and animal origin. | an electron microscopic survey of the occurrence of bacteriophages which appear spontaneously in cultures of haemolytic intestinal spirochaetes of human and animal origin was made. excluding one isometric tailed phage particle which was observed in the form of free particle in proximity to a spirochaete of the w beta his strain hrm18, bacteriophages were never observed while examining cells of 21 weakly beta-haemolytic human intestinal spirochaetes (w beta his), swine serpulina pilosicoli strain ... | 1998 | 9871329 |
| bacteriophages induced from weakly beta-haemolytic human intestinal spirochaetes by mitomycin c. | a comparative electron microscopic analysis of weakly beta-haemolytic spirochaetes related to human and animal intestinal spirochaetosis was done in order to search for the presence of inducible bacteriophages associated with these spirochaetes. bacteriophages were detected at the electron microscope after experimental induction with mitomycin c in 4 strains of weakly beta-haemolytic spirochaetes related to human intestinal spirochaetosis, in serpulina pilosicoli strain p43/6/78, the causative a ... | 1998 | 9871330 |
| treatment of swine dysentery--problems of antibiotic resistance and concurrent salmonellosis. | | 1998 | 9871960 |
| association of serpulina hyodysenteriae with the colonic mucosa in experimental swine dysentery studied by fluorescent in situ hybridization. | the localization of serpulina hyodysenteriae in experimental swine dysentery was studied by fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) using an oligonucleotide probe targeting the 23s rrna of s. hyodysenteriae. nine 8-week-old pigs were challenged. seven of the pigs were intragastrically dosed with 1 x 10(9) cfu s. hyodysenteriae for 3 consecutive days, whereas two pigs were infected by contact. six non-challenged pigs served as negative controls. the challenged pigs developed clinical swine dysen ... | 1998 | 9890268 |
| isolation of serpulina murdochii from the joint fluid of a lame pig. | | 1999 | 10028395 |
| comparative in vitro activity of valnemulin against porcine bacterial pathogens. | | 1999 | 10070704 |
| genetic basis of macrolide and lincosamide resistance in brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae. | macrolide antibiotic resistance is widespread among brachyspira hyodysenteriae (formerly serpulina hyodysenteriae) isolates. the genetic basis of macrolide and lincosamide resistance in b. hyodysenteriae was elucidated. resistance to tylosin, erythromycin and clindamycin in b. hyodysenteriae was associated with an a-->t transversion mutation in the nucleotide position homologous with position 2058 of the escherichia coli 23s rrna gene. the nucleotide sequences of the peptidyl transferase region ... | 1999 | 10188254 |
| pcr amplification from fixed tissue indicates frequent involvement of brachyspira aalborgi in human intestinal spirochetosis. | pcr procedures amplifying portions of the 16s rrna and nadh oxidase genes of brachyspira aalborgi and serpulina pilosicoli were applied to dna extracted from paraffin-embedded human colonic or rectal tissues from 30 norwegian, australian, and u.s. patients, 16 of whom had histologic evidence of intestinal spirochetosis (is). b. aalborgi-specific sequences were identified by pcr in 10 of the is patients (62.5%) but none of the others, while s. pilosicoli sequences were not detected in tissues fro ... | 1999 | 10325391 |
| [the diagnosis of swine dysentery and spirochaete diarrhea. 1. cultural-biochemical differentiation of intestinal serpulina in routine diagnosis]. | frequent incidence of serpulina strains showing all cultural and biochemical characteristics of serpulina (s.) hyodysenteriae except of being indole negative, and alpha-galactosidase positive isolates showing strong haemolysis on columbia agar with 5% sheep blood and trypticase soy agar with 5% ox blood, respectively, was the cause to evaluate common biochemical and cultural methods in serpulina routine diagnostics. to this purpose ten type and reference strains as well as 47 field strains were ... | 1999 | 10379101 |
| differentiation of serpulina species by nadh oxidase gene (nox) sequence comparisons and nox-based polymerase chain reaction tests. | the nadh oxidase genes (nox) of 18 strains of intestinal spirochaetes were partially sequenced over 1246 bases. strains examined included 17 representatives from six species of the genus serpulina, and the type strain 513a(t) of the human intestinal spirochaete brachyspira aalborgi. sequences were aligned and used to investigate phylogenetic relationships between the organisms. nox sequence identities between strains within the genus serpulina were within the range 86.3-100%, whilst the nox gene ... | 1999 | 10392777 |
| [diagnosis of swine dysentery and spirochaetal diarrhea. 2. effort of macrorestriction analysis for differentiation of intestinal serpulina relative to determination by culture-biochemical markers following species classification]. | genotypic differentiation by means of macrorestriction fragment profile analysis using mlul restriction enzyme was carried out differentiating 41 serpulina field strains from swine (38), dog (2) and a rat as well as ten type and reference strains into 40 electrophoretic types. a dendrogram was created using the average linkage between groups method. at a level of 50% similarity the patterns could be divided into six groups that roughly corresponded to the results yielded by cultural and biochemi ... | 1999 | 10422370 |
| minimum inhibitory concentration of selected antimicrobial agents for serpulina isolated from chickens and rheas. | | 1999 | 10424660 |
| analysis of serpulina hyodysenteriae strain variation and its molecular epidemiology using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was applied as a molecular typing tool for the spirochaete serpulina hyodysenteriae, the agent of swine dysentery. analysis of a collection of 40 mainly australian isolates, previously characterized by other methods, divided these into 23 pfge types. this confirmed that there are many strains of the spirochaete in australia. pfge was more discriminatory for strain typing than both multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and serotyping. it had similar discriminat ... | 1999 | 10487649 |
| a comparison of the morphologic effects of serpulina hyodysenteriae or its beta-hemolysin on the murine cecal mucosa. | studies were carried out to compare the early morphologic changes in the cecal mucosa of mice either infected with serpulina hyodysenteriae or exposed to the beta-hemolysin of s. hyodysenteriae. sixty-five 12-24-week-old c3h/heouj mice were infected with s. hyodysenteriae by gastric intubation. two mice were necropsied every hour for 30 hours following infection. s. hyodysenteriae was isolated from the cecal contents of each mouse at all time points. macroscopic lesions were first apparent at 14 ... | 1999 | 10490209 |
| systemic and mucosal immune responses of pigs to parenteral immunization with a pepsin-digested serpulina hyodysenteriae bacterin. | serpulina hyodysenteriae infection of pigs, swine dysentery, causes a mucohemorrhagic diarrhoea resulting in significant economic losses to swine producers. the pathogenesis of this disease is poorly understood. regardless, commercial vaccines have been developed and are in use. thus, the present study was designed to examine cellular immune responses induced by parenteral s. hyodysenteriae vaccination. significant antigen-specific interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and blastogenic responses were dete ... | 1999 | 10490236 |
| lipo-oligosaccharide profiles of serpulina pilosicoli strains and their serological cross-reactivities. | the purpose of this study was to determine the presence of lipopolysaccharide-like material in the intestinal spirochaete serpulina pilosicoli and the extent of antigenic cross-reactivity of this material in different strains of the species. hot water-phenol, aqueous-phase extracts from five porcine and three human strains of s. pilosicoli, and from seven strains of four other serpulina spp., were separated by sds-page and silver-stained profiles were obtained. all s. pilosicoli strains had a pr ... | 1999 | 10509486 |