| genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolated in far eastern russia. | one-hundred and fifty-seven borrelia isolated from adult ticks, ixodes persulcatus, and wild rodents, clethrionomys rufocanus and apodemus peninsulae, in the far eastern part of russia were characterized and identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the 5s-23s rrna intergenic spacer. some isolates showed unique rflp patterns and were determined as borrelia garinii on the basis of a sequence analysis of the intergenic spacer amplicon and reactivity with species-specific mon ... | 1997 | 9310938 |
| characterization of borrelia garinii isolated from lyme disease patients in hokkaido, japan, by sequence analysis of ospa and ospb genes. | the outer surface proteins ospa and ospb genes of clinical borrelia garinii isolates (jem1-8) from hokkaido, japan were sequenced. one strain, jem4, has a single ospa gene which is similar to european b. garinii strains pbr (sequence homology value: 94.1%) and t25 (91.2%). five of the other seven strains exhibit a homologous c-terminus (300 bp) on both ospa and ospb genes (88.7-97.3%). the other two strains seem to be derived from the five strains by ospa or ospb alterations. in a phylogenetic a ... | 1997 | 9311136 |
| immunization with a polyvalent ospa vaccine protects mice against ixodes ricinus tick bites infected by borrelia burgdorferi ss, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii. | sequence variability of the outer surface protein (osp) a among borrelia burgdorferi sl species suggests that a monovalent ospa vaccine may not protect against the various borrelia present in eurasia. here, we confirmed that a monovalent recombinant ospa (rospa) vaccine does not protect mice against ixodes ricinus mediated infection with b. burgdorferi ss, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii. however, when mice were vaccinated with a cocktail of various rospa from these three species, they wer ... | 1997 | 9330467 |
| clinical findings for patients with lyme borreliosis caused by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato with genotypic and phenotypic similarities to strain 25015. | in the course of performing culture isolation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato for the diagnosis of lyme borreliosis in slovenia, we encountered nine patients who were infected with atypical strains. molecular analyses of these strains suggested that they were more closely related to the north american tick isolate, strain 25015 (which belongs to the dn127 genomic group of b. burgdorferi sensu lato), than they were to the three species (b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borre ... | 1997 | 9332523 |
| genetic and phenotypic analysis of borrelia valaisiana sp. nov. (borrelia genomic groups vs116 and m19). | to clarify the taxonomic status of two recently described borrelia genomic groups, groups vs116 and m19, three group vs116 strains and eight group m19 strains isolated from ixodes ricinus ticks in switzerland, the netherlands, and the united kingdom were characterized. pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of the 5s-23s intergenic spacer amplicon, rrna gene restriction analysis, 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) fingerprinting, sodi ... | 1997 | 9336888 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, a bacterial species "made in the u.s.a."? | among the three main species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato associated with lyme borreliosis, b. burgdorferi sensu stricto (b. burgdorferi) is the sole species present both in north america and in europe, where borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii also occur. the greater genetic diversity together with the greater clinical polymorphism observed in the old world suggests that this is the birthplace of the complex b. burgdorferi sensu lato. however, the genetic proximity of some north america ... | 1997 | 9336916 |
| deletion in the genes encoding outer surface proteins ospa and ospb of borrelia garinii isolated from patients in japan. | we detected the expression of outer surface proteins ospa and ospb, and characterized the genes encoding the two osps of eight borrelia garinii isolates from patients in japan. six of the eight strains shared a common antigenic epitope in their ospa and/or ospb proteins to monoclonal antibody p3134 against ospb, and were identified to have a conserved carboxyl terminus on their ospa and ospb genes by southern blot hybridization. one strain, jem4, did not express ospb protein, which was due to la ... | 1997 | 9343817 |
| heterogeneity of bmpa (p39) among european isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and influence of interspecies variability on serodiagnosis. | the molecular and antigenic variabilities of bmpa (p39) among european isolates of borrelia burgdorferi were analyzed. the bmpa sequences of 12 isolates representing all three species of b. burgdorferi sensu lato pathogenic for humans were amplified by pcr, cloned, and sequenced. the bmpa protein of borrelia garinii is heterogeneous, with an amino acid sequence identity ranging from 91 to 97%, whereas the bmpa proteins of borrelia afzelii and b. burgdorferi sensu stricto strains appear to be hig ... | 1997 | 9350727 |
| identification of superoxide dismutase activity in borrelia burgdorferi. | infective and noninfective strains of borrelia burgdorferi, along with borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii, possessed a single iron-containing superoxide dismutase (sod). none of the lyme disease spirochetes tested possessed catalase or peroxidase activities. the borrelial sod was not inducible by growth with increased oxygen concentrations and thus appeared to be produced constitutively. | 1997 | 9353077 |
| identification of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato tick isolates from slovakia by pcr typing with 16s rrna primers. | the first four strains of borrelia burgdorferi isolated in slovakia from ticks and mice were studied using monoclonal antibodies, the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with 16s rrna specific primers and plasmid profiles. two tick isolates were typed as borrelia garinii, one strain isolated from apodemus flavicollis was found to be b. afzelii and the fourth tick isolate reacted as a mixed culture of b. garinii and b. afzelii. all four strains harboured several plasmids ranging from 6-50 kbp includi ... | 1997 | 9361381 |
| species-specific plasmid sequences for pcr identification of the three species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato involved in lyme disease. | species-specific sequences were shown to be carried by plasmids of the three main species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato involved in lyme disease. libraries of the 16-, 33-, and 25-kb plasmids of b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii, respectively, were then built and used to isolate species-specific sequences. after sequencing of the cloned inserts, three sets of primers were designed. they were shown to determine species-specific pcr amplification products. t ... | 1998 | 9431963 |
| impact of strain heterogeneity on lyme disease serology in europe: comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using different species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | for the standardization of serological tests for lyme borreliosis (lb) in europe, the influence of the heterogeneity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato must be assessed in detail. for this study four immunoglobulin m (igm) and igg enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) with octyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside extracts of strains pko (borrelia afzelii), pbi (borrelia garinii), and pka2 and b31 (both b. burgdorferi sensu stricto) were compared. strains pko, pbi, and pka2 at the passages used for ant ... | 1998 | 9466753 |
| molecular characterisation of lyme disease borreliae using rapd analysis and 16s rdna sequencing. | here we report the use of random amplified polymorphic dnas (rapds) and sequence analysis of the genes encoding for the small subunit ribosomal rna (16s rdna) for the characterisation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains recovered from ixodes ricinus and from lyme disease patients. all strains examined were assigned to the species borrelia garinii. however, both rapds and 16s rdnas revealed a level of genetic variation among the strains which appears higher than expected for a bacterial sp ... | 1997 | 9470245 |
| isolation and characterization of the outer membrane of borrelia hermsii. | the outer membrane of borrelia hermsii has been shown by freeze-fracture analysis to contain a low density of membrane-spanning outer membrane proteins which have not yet been isolated or identified. in this study, we report the purification of outer membrane vesicles (omv) from b. hermsii hs-1 and the subsequent identification of their constituent outer membrane proteins. the b. hermsii outer membranes were released by vigorous vortexing of whole organisms in low-ph, hypotonic citrate buffer an ... | 1998 | 9488399 |
| molecular typing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by randomly amplified polymorphic dna fingerprinting analysis. | to study whether pathogenic clusters of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains occur, we typed 136 isolates, cultured from specimens from patients (n = 49) with various clinical entities and from ticks (n = 83) or dogs (n = 4) from different geographic regions, by randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) fingerprinting with four arbitrary primers. the rapd patterns were reproducible up to the 95% similarity level as shown in duplicate experiments. in these experiments the purified dnas prepare ... | 1998 | 9508310 |
| investigation of haematophagous arthropods for borreliae--summarized data, 1988-1996. | blood-sucking arthropods, collected in south moravia, czech republic, were examined by darkfield microscopy for borreliae from 1988 to 1996. among host-seeking ixodid ticks (8481 ixodes ricinus (l.), 372 dermacentor reticulatus (fabr.), 167 haemaphysalis concinna koch), borreliae were only observed in adult (23.2%), nymphal (17.2%) and larval (6.3%) i. ricinus. the prevalence of borreliae in i. ricinus did not vary considerably among habitats except for lower values in agroecosystems, xerothermi ... | 1998 | 9516997 |
| borrelia garinii in ixodes ricinus ticks from southern poland. | | 1998 | 9516998 |
| antigenic and genetic structure of borrelia burgdorferi. | lyme borreliosis is a disease caused by the spirochaetes borrelia burgdorferi, borrelia afzelii and borrelia garinii and it is transmitted by ticks. most of the proteins (outer surface proteins, flagellar proteins and other uncertain location proteins) have a strong antigenic variability. osp a protein genetic and serological studies facilitated the differentiation of seven serotypes strongly correlated with the known genospecies. the genetic structure of these spirochaetes included a large line ... | 1997 | 9523423 |
| differential transmission of the genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by game birds and small rodents in england. | the genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was assessed in a focus of lyme borreliosis in southern britain dominated by game birds. ticks, rodents, and pheasants were analyzed for spirochete infections by pcr-targeting the 23s-5s rrna genes, followed by genotyping by the reverse line blot method. in questing ixodes ricinus ticks, three genospecies of b. burgdorferi sensu lato were detected, with the highest prevalences found for borrelia garinii and borrelia valaisiana. b. burgdorf ... | 1998 | 9546150 |
| identification of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in europe. | characterisation at the species level of 142 borrelia isolates obtained from ticks, humans and rodents in western europe was carried out and their geographical distribution was described. borrelia garinii was the predominant species representing 44% of the isolates and b. afzelii and b. burgdorferi sensu stricto constituted 27% and 19% of isolates respectively. b. valaisiana, (formerly group vs116) constituted 10.5% of isolates. some differences in the borrelia species distribution were observed ... | 1998 | 9563195 |
| experimental infection of cattle with several borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains; immunological heterogeneity of strains as revealed in serological tests. | twenty-three experimental cattle, mainly calves, were each inoculated 1-3 times with one of ten finnish borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains. all three genospecies were represented. borreliae were administered mainly by both intravenous (about 10(6) to 10(9) spirochaetes) and intradermal (10(4)) routes, and on six occasions subcutaneously (10(3)) only. for infectivity control and comparison purposes mice and rabbits were inoculated simultaneously. immune responses in cattle were monitored bot ... | 1998 | 9595625 |
| borrelia burgdorferi stimulates the production of interleukin-10 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from uninfected humans and rhesus monkeys. | heat-killed borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes stimulate in vitro production of interleukin-10 (il-10) at both mrna and protein levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of uninfected rhesus monkeys. a concomitant down-modulation of il-2 gene transcription was observed. neither il-4 nor gamma interferon gene expression was ostensibly affected by b. burgdorferi spirochetes. these phenomena were observed regardless of whether the stimulating spirochetes belonged to the b. burgdorferi sensu ... | 1998 | 9596735 |
| rate of infection of ixodes ricinus ticks with borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, borrelia afzelii and group vs116 in an endemic focus of lyme disease in italy. | a study to evaluate the natural rate of infection of ixodes ricinus with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was carried out in an endemic focus of lyme disease in the trieste area in northern italy. two-hundred and twenty-seven ticks collected in ten different stations were tested individually for the presence of the spirochetes using polymerase chain reaction techniques able to identify both borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and the four genospecies (borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia gari ... | 1998 | 9629972 |
| culture-positive lyme borreliosis. | we report a case of lyme borreliosis. culture of skin biopsy was positive for borrelia garinii, despite repeated prior treatment with antibiotics. the patient had travelled in europe 17 months before the onset of symptoms, but the clinical details indicate that the organism could have been acquired in australia. the results of conventional serological and histopathological tests were negative, despite an illness duration of at least two years. | 1998 | 9631675 |
| lyme disease spirochetes in ticks from northeastern china. | during may 1996, field surveys on lyme disease spirochetes were conducted in beijing, shenyang, fushun, and inner mongolia in northeastern china. the ticks collected consisted of 3 genera and 12 species. of these, ixodes persulcatus was dominant in sun-exposed vegetation in forests in inner mongolia; 57 borrelia strains (55/123 unfed adults and 2/5 immature stages fed on a rodent) were obtained from this tick by bsk culture. additionally, 2/2 apodemus peninsulae were positive. ixodes nipponensis ... | 1998 | 9645846 |
| lyme disease borrelia species in northeastern china resemble those isolated from far eastern russia and japan. | fifty-nine borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato culture isolates collected from northeastern china were characterized by 5s-23s rrna intergenic spacer restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies (mabs). among 59 culture isolates, 30 (50.8%) were borrelia garinii and 17 (28.8%) were borrelia afzelii, 2 were mixtures composed of b. garinii with rflp pattern b and b. garinii with pattern c, and 9 were mixtures composed of b. garinii and b. afzelii. ... | 1998 | 9647853 |
| vector competence of ixodes scapularis and ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) for three genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi. | the vector competence of 2 tick species, ixodes ricinus (l.) and ixodes scapularis say, was determined and compared for 3 genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi. the 3 genospecies of b. burgdorferi used in the following experiments were borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (b-31 and b-31.d1 clone), borrelia afzelii (strain pgau. c3), and borrelia garinii (strain vs286 and vsbp). spirochetes from all 5 strains were inoculated intradermally into outbred mice; larval ticks of both species were subsequen ... | 1998 | 9701928 |
| the dominant epitope of borrelia garinii outer surface protein c recognized by sera from patients with neuroborreliosis has a surface-exposed conserved structural motif. | epitope mapping of outer surface protein c (ospc) by using sera from patients with neuroborreliosis led to the identification of one single major immunodominant epitope within the c-terminal 10 amino acid residues. peptide binding studies and alanine replacement scanning of the c-terminal decapeptide, pvvaespkkp, revealed a critical role for the pkkp sequence and its terminal carboxyl group for the binding of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies from patients with lyme borreliosis. electron microsc ... | 1998 | 9712750 |
| augmented intrathecal secretion of interferon-gamma in response to borrelia garinii in neuroborreliosis. | the lyme disease agent borrelia garinii has been suggested to be neurotrop, preferentially affecting the nervous system. we compared the secretion of interferon-gamma in response to outer surface proteins from borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii in 10 patients with neuroborreliosis. in cerebrospinal fluid, stimulation with borrelia garinii revealed higher numbers of interferon-gamma-secreting cells in all patients, whereas in blood, only five displayed higher numbers. this further strengthens ... | 1998 | 9726840 |
| clinical features of lyme borreliosis in the middle urals and distribution of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in local ixodes persulcatus ticks. | from 1991 to 1993, we investigated the clinical features of lyme borreliosis (lb) in 864 patients from the sverdlovsk region (population 4.5 million) in the middle urals. ixodes persulcatus ticks were collected in the vicinity of yekaterinburg to determine the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species. from 1991 to 1993, the number of patients with lb increased from 91 to 320 and 453, respectively. nearly all lb patients (97%) recalled a tick bite and the first signs of lb developed be ... | 1998 | 9728411 |
| use of the c3h/he lyme disease mouse model for the recovery of a spanish isolate of borrelia garinii from erythema migrans lesions. | a skin biopsy from a patient with erythema migrans was inoculated into c3h/he mice and into culture medium. a borrelia garinii strain named rio1 was isolated from both a direct bsk medium culture and a mouse ear-punch biopsy culture. inoculating human tissue into mice produced a disease resulting in severe inflammation of the left tibio-tarsal joint, development of perivascular infiltrates as seen in ear-punch biopsies and the spread of spirochaetes along the skin, far from the inoculation site. ... | 1998 | 9766208 |
| genetic heterogeneity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes ricinus ticks collected in belgium. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), the etiological agent of lyme disease, is transmitted by the bite of ixodes ricinus. four hundred eighty-nine ticks, collected in four locations of a region of southern belgium where lyme disease is endemic, were examined for the presence of the spirochete. in a pcr test with primers that recognize a chromosomal gene of all strains, 23% of the ticks were found to be infected. the species b. burgdorferi s.l. comprises at least three pathogenic genomospecies ... | 1998 | 9774592 |
| specificity of infection-induced immunity among borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species. | the specificity of infection-induced immunity in mice infected with cultured or host-adapted borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the agent of lyme disease, was examined. sera obtained from mice following infection with high and low doses of cultured b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, transplantation of infected tissue (host-adapted spirochetes), or tick-borne inoculation all showed protective activity in passive immunization assays. infection and disease were similar in mice infected with cultured spiro ... | 1999 | 9864193 |
| [borrelia burgdorferi, taxonomy, pathogenicity and spread]. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a bacterial complex of at least 10 species, most of which are non pathogenic for humans. non pathogenic species seem to be more vector-specific, their distribution being restricted to that of this vector. in opposition, the three species pathogenic for humans, borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (b.b.s.s.), borrelia garinii (b.g.), and borrelia afzelii (b.a.), are transmitted by several species of ticks more diversified in their host choice. each of these three ... | 1998 | 9921400 |
| isolation of lyme disease borrelia from puffins (fratercula arctica) and seabird ticks (ixodes uriae) on the faeroe islands. | this is the first report on the isolation of lyme disease borrelia from seabirds on the faeroe islands and the characteristics of its enzootic cycle. the major components of the borrelia cycle include the puffin (fratercula arctica) as the reservoir and ixodes uriae as the vector. the importance of this cycle and its impact on the spread of human lyme borreliosis have not yet been established. borrelia spirochetes isolated from 2 of 102 sampled puffins were compared to the borreliae previously o ... | 1999 | 10074497 |
| diagnostic detection and direct genotyping of borrelia burgdor feri regular by polymerase chain reaction in cerebrospinal fluid in lyme neuroborreliosis. | background: a dna target imbalance in favor of the plasmid-borne outer surface protein a (ospa) versus chromosomal genes has been thought to explain the relatively high diagnostic sensitivity of an ospa-based polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on joint fluid from patients with lyme arthritis. the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity of the ospa-based pcr on cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples from patients with lyme neuroborreliosis and to perform dna sequence analysis on the ... | 1998 | 10089270 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi in ixodes ricinus ticks in urban recreational areas of helsinki. | lyme borreliosis, an infection caused by the tick-borne spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, is a major health problem for populations in areas of endemicity in the northern hemisphere. in the present study we assessed the density of ticks and the prevalence of b. burgdorferi sensu lato among ticks in popular urban recreational areas of helsinki, finland. altogether 1,688 ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from five areas located within 5 km of the downtown section of helsinki, and 726 of them (303 ... | 1999 | 10203487 |
| sexual transmission of borrelia garinii by male ixodes persulcatus ticks (acari, ixodidae). | we investigated the transmission of borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii between male and female ixodes persulcatus ticks. for this purpose the infection rate of partners from tick couples was determined by polymerase chain reaction and reverse line blot. in couples, where the male tick was infected with b. garinii, four out of nine female partners carried b. garinii. in eight couples, male ticks had a dual infection of b. afzelii and b. garinii and three female partners were infected by borrel ... | 1999 | 10356767 |
| density of deer in relation to the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in ixodes ricinus nymphs in rambouillet forest, france. | the rambouillet forest, a lyme disease-endemic area near paris, france, was surveyed from september 1994 to october 1995 to determine the risk periods and zones for humans. firstly, during the period of ixodes ricinus activity, abundance of nymphs is greater in spring than in autumn. secondly, we observed significant variation in nymphal abundance between zones according to the density of cervids. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect dna of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in 46 ... | 1999 | 10356769 |
| validity of interpretation criteria for standardized western blots (immunoblots) for serodiagnosis of lyme borreliosis based on sera collected throughout europe. | western blotting (wb; immunoblotting) is a widely used tool for the serodiagnosis of lyme borreliosis (lb), but so far, no generally accepted criteria for performance and interpretation have been established in europe. the current study was preceeded by a detailed analysis of wb with whole-cell lysates of three species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (u. hauser, g. lehnert, r. lobentanzer, and b. wilske, j. clin. microbiol. 35:1433-1444, 1997). in that study, interpretation criteria for a pos ... | 1999 | 10364592 |
| comparative analysis and immunological characterization of the borrelia bdr protein family. | multiple circular and linear plasmids of lyme disease and relapsing fever borrelia spirochetes carry genes for members of the bdr (borrelia direct repeat) protein family. to define their common and divergent attributes, we first comprehensively compared the known homologs. bdr proteins with predicted sizes ranging from 10.7 to 30. 6 kda formed five homology groups, based on variable numbers of short direct repeats in a central domain and diverse n- and c-terminal domains. in a further characteri ... | 1999 | 10377099 |
| [a case of lyme disease with the triad of neurologic manifestations (meningitis, radiculoneuritis, facial nerve palsy) and dermatitis of the nail roots]. | a 23-year-old man experienced dysesthesia of the distal parts of four limbs and spilling of drinking water from the right corner of his mouth. he also experienced low grade fever, headache, and nausea. neurological examination showed weakness of the right frontal, orbicularis oculi and orbicularis oris muscles, atrophy and weakness of the interosseous muscles in both upper limbs and dysesthesia in the distal parts of four limbs. laségue's sign was also positive on the left side. examination of c ... | 1999 | 10424152 |
| [effect of an antibiotic combination on the propagation of borrelia burgdorferi, causative agent of lyme disease]. | the effects of combined antibiotics (pefloxacin-doxycycline and pefloxacin-ceftriaxone) were tested on the most prevalent european lyme spirochete species, borrelia garinii by checkerboard dilution. the influence was judged both microscopically and by the measurement of the ph of the culture medium on the 5th day after inoculation. borreliae propagated quite well at the concentration of 4 mg/l pefloxacin but the motility and the metabolism of the spirochete injured. neither synergetic nor additi ... | 1999 | 10436750 |
| phenotypic and genetic characterization of a novel borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolate from a patient with lyme borreliosis. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato a14s was cultured from a skin biopsy specimen of a patient with erythema migrans in the netherlands. this isolate had a unique dna fingerprint pattern compared to 135 other b. burgdorferi sensu lato isolates. in this study, the isolate a14s was further characterized by protein analysis with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and reactivity with various monoclonal antibodies. in addition, the 16s rrna, ospa, and ospc genes, as well ... | 1999 | 10449497 |
| persistence of borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii in patients with lyme arthritis. | we repeatedly detected dna of borrelia garinii or b. afzelii and borrelia-like structures in the blood, joint fluid or in the synovium of 10 patients with lyme arthritis by means of the polymerase chain reaction and immunoelectron microscopy at 2-4-month intervals in the course of two years. all samples were analyzed using primers which amplified the 16s rrna gene sequence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and nucleotide sequences for the ospa gene. no cross hybridization occurred with dna from ... | 1999 | 10467661 |
| evidence for frequent ospc gene transfer between borrelia valaisiana sp. nov. and other lyme disease spirochetes. | molecular polymorphism of the ospc gene has been reported in borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii, the spirochetes causing human lyme borreliosis. to assess the genetic relationship between ospc genes from the recently described borrelia valaisiana sp. nov. and other b. burgdorferi sensu lato species, the ospc genes from eight b. valaisiana isolates were amplified by pcr, cloned and sequenced. the ospc genes of three b. valaisiana isolates were identical, but ... | 1999 | 10474195 |
| incidence of borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii in ixodes ricinus ticks in an urban environment, prague, czech republic, between 1995 and 1998. | the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and its individual genospecies was determined using a single-step polymerase chain reaction in a total of 779 ixodes ricinus ticks collected from an urban park in prague, czech republic. the incidence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was 9.2% in 1995, 3.4% in 1996, 4.5% in 1997 and 2.8% in 1998. the borrelia garinii to borrelia afzelii ratio was 1.4:1 and it did not differ significantly throughout the study period. borrelia burgdorferi sensu stri ... | 1999 | 10482032 |
| molecular typing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato: taxonomic, epidemiological, and clinical implications. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the spirochete that causes human lyme borreliosis (lb), is a genetically and phenotypically divergent species. in the past several years, various molecular approaches have been developed and used to determine the phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity within the lb-related spirochetes and their potential association with distinct clinical syndromes. these methods include serotyping, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, dna-dna reassociation analysis, rrna gene restri ... | 1999 | 10515907 |
| determination of members of a borrelia afzelii-related group isolated from ixodes nipponensis in korea as borrelia valaisiana. | the 16s rrna sequences of the korean borrelia strains 5mt and 9mt, isolated from ixodes nipponensis, showed identities of 99.0-99.1% to that of b. afzelii. the strains were tentatively classified as belonging to the b. afzelii-related group. in this study, korean isolates, including these strains, were characterized further and compared with recently described new species. these strains generated a rflp pattern that has not been found previously in rflp analysis of the 5s-23s rrna intergenic spa ... | 1999 | 10555320 |
| genetic analysis of borrelia garinii ospa serotype 4 strains associated with neuroborreliosis: evidence for extensive genetic homogeneity. | infection with borrelia garinii outer surface protein (osp) a serotype 4 strains has been correlated with the development of neuroborreliosis in lyme borreliosis patients in europe. ospa serotype 4 isolates have been recovered primarily from human cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting a tropism for this environment. previous studies with monoclonal antibodies directed against ospa and ospc demonstrated that ospa serotype 4 strains are antigenically closely related. in view of the pronounced antigenic ... | 1999 | 10565915 |
| solitary erythema migrans in georgia and south carolina. | to evaluate the incidence of borrelia burgdorferi infection in humans with erythema migrans (em) in 2 southeastern states. | 1999 | 10566829 |
| comprehensive detection of immunorelevant borrelia garinii antigens by two-dimensional electrophoresis. | lyme disease is caused by spirochetes of the borrelia burgdofferi complex and has been reported in many temperate parts of the northern hemisphere. the b. burgdorferi complex consists of at least five different species and five genotypes with different pathogenicity. serodiagnosis was achieved by detection of antigens on one-dimensional (1-d) immunoblots. a systematic and comprehensive approach to elucidate antigens has been started here by the combination of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-d ... | 1999 | 10612288 |
| transcriptional analysis of a superoxide dismutase gene of borrelia burgdorferi. | a single superoxide dismutase (sod) gene was identified in borrelia burgdorferi strains, borrelia afzelii ple and borrelia garinii pbi. recombinant enzymatic activity was detected only when sod expression was controlled by the lacz promoter in the cloning vector. northern blot analysis with sod- or seca-specific probes identified a common 3.7-kb transcript. reverse transcriptase-pcr analysis confirmed that seca and sod constitute a single transcriptional unit in b. burgdorferi. a transcriptional ... | 2000 | 10650199 |
| genetic diversity and the absence of regional differences of borrelia garinii as demonstrated by ospa and ospb gene sequence analysis. | unfed adult ixodes persulcatus ticks were collected from four locations of nagano and hokkaido in japan. infected borrelia garinii were investigated by pcr-rflp of the ospa and ospb gene sequences. the primer set amplified an approximately 1.6-kb dna fragment (0.7-kb in some strains), and bsri, bstyi, or nlaiii digestion of the product resulted in six distinctively different pcr-rflp groups and two independent borrelial strains. the representatives in each pcr-rflp group and individuals from the ... | 1999 | 10656177 |
| [single-step polymerase chain reaction in the detection of borrelia burgdorferi and the genome species in the ixodes ricinus tick]. | the objective of the work to introduce screening pcr into the diagnosis of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the vector selection of the most suitable primer, derived from chromosomal dna and detection of different genome species. the sensitivity of primers, described in the literature (ld, 16s, wk, 5s-23s) was tested by different amounts of dna strains of borrelias. the most sensitive primer--ld was used for detection of borrelias in the vector. ticks were collected in municipal parks from 199 ... | 1999 | 10658345 |
| prevalence of lyme disease borrelia spp. in ticks from migratory birds on the japanese mainland. | borrelia sp. prevalence in ticks on migratory birds was surveyed in central japan. in autumn, a total of 1,733 birds representing 40 species were examined for ticks. a total of 361 ticks were obtained from 173 birds of 15 species, and these ticks were immature haemaphysalis flava (94.4%), haemaphysalis longicornis, ixodes columnae, ixodes persulcatus, ixodes turdus, and an unidentified ixodes species. of these, 27 juveniles of h. flava on turdus pallidus, turdus cardis, or emberiza spodocephala, ... | 2000 | 10698761 |
| identification of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii in ixodes ricinus ticks from southern bohemia using monoclonal antibodies. | the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) in 761 ixodes ricinus ticks collected in different localities of southern bohemia was investigated. the minimum infection rate of nymphs, males and females as determined by dark-field microscopy was 4.8% in 1997. the total b. burgdorferi prevalence determined in ticks in 1998 was 11.04%. a significant local variability of the prevalence of b. burgdorferi was not found. nine isolates were identified at a genospecies level by immunoblotting ... | 2000 | 10705611 |
| new colorimetric microdilution method for in vitro susceptibility testing of borrelia burgdorferi against antimicrobial substances. | a newly developed colorimetric microdilution method was used to analyze the activity of 12 antimicrobial agents against nine borrelia burgdorferi isolates, including all three genospecies pathogenic for humans. in addition, in vitro antimicrobial resistance patterns of borrelia valaisiana and borrelia bissettii tick isolates were investigated. the applied test system is based upon color changes that occur in the presence of phenol red and result from the accumulation of nonvolatile acid produced ... | 2000 | 10706176 |
| characterization of borrelia burgdorferi strains isolated from korea by 16s rdna sequence analysis and pcr-rflp analysis of rrf (5s)-rrl (23s) intergenic spacer amplicons. | haenam strains of borrelia burgdorferi, which had been isolated from ixodes granulatus and apodemus agrarius in haenam, korea, were characterized by pcr-rflp analysis of rrf (5s)-rrl (23s) intergenic spacer amplicons and by sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene (rdna). the msel and dral restriction patterns of the 5s-23s intergenic spacer amplicons of haenam strains differed from those of other b. burgdorferi sensu lato strains. furthermore, in the phylogenetic tree based on the 16s rdna sequen ... | 2000 | 10758897 |
| distribution of twelve linear extrachromosomal dnas in natural isolates of lyme disease spirochetes. | we have analyzed a panel of independent north american isolates of the lyme disease agent spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi (sensu stricto), for the presence of linear plasmids with sequence similarities to the 12 linear plasmids present in the b. burgdorferi type strain, isolate b31. the frequency of similarities to probes from each of the 12 b31 plasmids varied from 13 to 100% in the strain panel examined, and these similarities usually reside on plasmids similar in size to the cognate b31 plas ... | 2000 | 10762248 |
| occurrence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii in the ixodes ricinus ticks from eastern slovakia. | a total of 2816 unfed adults nymphs of ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from vegetation in kosice (eastern slovakia) from 1994 to 1997. prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in i. ricinus ticks, detected by dark field microscopy, varied and depended upon the year and the habitat of the collected ticks. the lowest prevalence was observed in 1994 (4.8%). during 1995 it increased to 17.2% and during the next two years decreased to 15.5% and 14.2%. the rate of infection varied from 2.1 to 23.3 ... | 2000 | 10845258 |
| colorimetric in vitro susceptibility testing of penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, streptogramins, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides against borrelia burgdorferi isolates. | the spectrum of antibiotic susceptibility of borrelia burgdorferi has been only partially defined. in the present study the effectiveness of 12 antimicrobials, belonging to six different antibiotic classes have been tested against borrelia burgdorferi s.s. (n=3), borrelia garinii (n=3), borrelia afzelii (n=3), borrelia valaisiana (n=1), and borrelia bissettii (n=1) isolates. these isolates were analysed by a new standardised colorimetric minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) method based upon c ... | 2000 | 10856671 |
| the cell-mediated immune response to borrelia afzelii, garinii and burgdorferi in c57bl/6 mice is dependent on antigen specificity. | inbred c57bl/6 mice were challenged with borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and tested for antigen-specific t-cell response in vitro. the sonicated preparations of in vitro grown spirochetes were capable of stimulating polyclonal proliferation and specific cell-mediated response, depending on duration of the cell culture. murine splenocytes previously sensitized to b. burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l. ), but not those from control mice, could be induced for anti ... | 2000 | 10865176 |
| antibodies against specific proteins of and immobilizing activity against three strains of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato can be found in symptomatic but not in infected asymptomatic dogs. | in an area where lyme disease is endemic in the netherlands all dogs had positive titers by whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and appeared to be naturally infected by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. to compare the antibody responses of symptomatic dogs and asymptomatic controls, we performed western blots and in vitro immobilization assays to study antibody-dependent bactericidal activity. strains from three different genospecies were employed as the antigen source: b. burgdorferi st ... | 2000 | 10878052 |
| rapid differentiation of borrelia garinii from borrelia afzelii and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto by lightcycler fluorescence melting curve analysis of a pcr product of the reca gene. | to differentiate the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies, lightcycler real-time pcr was used for the fluorescence (sybr green i) melting curve analysis of borrelial reca gene pcr products. the specific melting temperature analyzed is a function of the gc/at ratio, length, and nucleotide sequence of the amplified product. a total of 32 dna samples were tested. of them three were isolated from b. burgdorferi reference strains and 16 were isolated from b. burgdorferi strains cultured from i ... | 2000 | 10878080 |
| [antibodies against borrelia garinii in diagnosis of lyme disease]. | prevalence of antibodies against borrelia garinii (bg) was analysed in sera of 42 patients with lyme borreliosis confirmed through demonstration of antibodies against antigen 41 kda of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (bbss). igm or igg antibodies against bg were found in sera of 88% patients. agreement of the results between bg and bbss tests related to igm antibodies reached 84% and to igg antibodies 76%. comparison of individual results revealed significant positive correlation of optical d ... | 2000 | 10909283 |
| lyme disease. | lyme disease (ld) is the most common tick-borne disease in the us. the overall trend has been an average annual increase in cases since surveillance was initiated by the centers for disease control and prevention in 1982. to date, 10 different borrelia species have been described within the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, although only borrelia burgdorferi sensu strico, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii have been associated with human disease. ixodes ticks often carry more than one ... | 2000 | 10910185 |
| a mutagenic pcr identifies isolates of borrelia garinii responsible for lyme borreliosis. | borrelia garinii is one of the three major borreliae responsible for lyme borreliosis in europe. we have characterized a protein of b. garinii (vs102) and a genomic fragment from the gene encoding this protein was cloned. the dna sequence of the fragment showed high homology with a known gene of b. burgdorferi sensu stricto. the protein encoded by this gene in b. burgdorferi sensu stricto is a phosphocarrier protein (histidine-containing protein). a mutation t to g polymorphism at codon 57 was f ... | 2000 | 11024264 |
| molecular and pathogenic characterization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from spain. | fifteen borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from questing ticks and skin biopsy specimens from erythema migrans patients in three different areas of spain were characterized. four different genospecies were found (nine borrelia garinii, including the two human isolates, three b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, two b. valaisiana, and one b. lusitaniae), showing a diverse spectrum of b. burgdorferi sensu lato species. b. garinii isolates were highly variable in terms of pulsed-field gel electropho ... | 2000 | 11060064 |
| the complement regulator factor h binds to the surface protein ospe of borrelia burgdorferi. | spirochete bacteria of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex cause lyme borreliosis. the three pathogenic subspecies borrelia garinii, borrelia afzelii, and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto differ in their disease profiles and susceptibility to complement lysis. we investigated whether complement resistance of borreliae could be due to acquisition of the main soluble inhibitors of the alternative complement pathway, factor h and the factor h-like protein 1. when exposed to nonimmune edta ... | 2001 | 11113124 |
| treatment resistant lyme arthritis caused by borrelia garinii. | lyme arthritis is caused in europe by three main pathogenic species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato: borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii. because few synovial samples have yet been analysed by species-specific dna amplification methods, further studies are needed to define the spectra of clinical manifestations associated with these different species. two cases of treatment resistant lyme arthritis are reported here, in which dna amplification of the fla ... | 2001 | 11171694 |
| [occurrence of angioimmunoblastic t-cell lymphoma six months after onset of lyme disease]. | a 68-year-old man, who had suffered a tick bite one week previously, consulted his home doctor because of fever and an erythematous rash around the bite scar. he underwent a skin biopsy, and borrelia garinii was detected, from which lyme disease was diagnosed. he received amoxicillin for two weeks and his symptoms disappeared. after 6 months he noticed swelling of his cervical, axillary and inguinal lymph nodes. a biopsy sample was taken from a left cervical lymph node, and this revealed angioim ... | 2000 | 11201153 |
| rapid typing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in specimens from patients with different manifestations of lyme borreliosis. | to further investigate the pathogenic potential of different borrelia burgdorferi genospecies, specimens from 27 patients with different manifestations of lyme borreliosis were analyzed by pcr and reverse line blotting (rlb). in samples from lyme arthritis patients, b. burgdorferi sensu stricto was predominantly identified, while in patients with neuroborreliosis or acrodermatitis, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii, respectively, were exclusively detected. the results demonstrate that pcr-rl ... | 2001 | 11230440 |
| transmission of borrelia garinii ospa serotype 4 to balb/c mice by ixodes ricinus ticks collected in the field. | in europe, borrelia garinii ospa serotype 4 has been isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients but, up to now, has never been identified among culture isolates from ixodes ricinus ticks. this information raises the question of whether ospa serotype 4 is transmitted by i. ricinus in nature. in the present study, i. ricinus nymphs collected in an area of endemicity in southern germany were allowed to feed on mice. cultivation of ear biopsy specimens showed that six of seven b. garinii-infe ... | 2001 | 11230451 |
| [neuroborreliosis]. | lyme disease, or borreliosis, is an endemic affection in belgium. it is transmitted by a spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi. the particularity of the infecting genomic group, borrelia garinii, implies that half of the reported cases of lyme disease in our country have neurologic manifestations. due to the marked clinical heterogeneity and the difficult serologic diagnosis, neuroborreliosis is often part of the differential diagnosis in neurology. the antibiotic treatment is necessary because it de ... | 2001 | 11256131 |
| characterization of lyme borreliosis isolates from patients with erythema migrans and neuroborreliosis in southern sweden. | southern sweden is an area of lyme borreliosis (lb) endemicity, with an incidence of 69 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. the most frequent clinical manifestations are erythema migrans (77%) and neuroborreliosis (16%). there was no record of human borrelia strains being isolated from patients in this region before the prospective study reported here. borrelia spirochetes were isolated from skin and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from lb patients living in the region. a total of 39 strains were character ... | 2001 | 11283044 |
| cell-mediated immune response to high-passage borrelia spirochetes in c57bl/6 mice is strictly dependent on antigen specificity. | inbred c57bl/6 mice were challenged with high-passage borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and tested for antigen specific t-cell response in vitro. sonicated preparations of washed spirochetes were potent cell activators, capable of stimulating polyclonal proliferation after 72h of culture while increasing the incubation time up to 120h provoked specific cell-mediated response. isolated murine spleocytes previously sensitized to b. burgdorferi sensu lato but ... | 2001 | 11297365 |
| isolation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from blood of children with solitary erythema migrans. | to establish the frequency of isolation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from blood of children with solitary erythema migrans (em) in europe, to determine the strains of the isolated borreliae and to compare the clinical course and the outcome of the disease according to positive and negative blood culture result. | 2001 | 11303825 |
| distinct levels of genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi are associated with different aspects of pathogenicity. | different species of pathogenic borrelia show different symptoms and tick vector specificity. even within regions where only one species is found, lyme disease progresses very differently from one patient to another. since borrelia shows very little recombination either within or between species, alleles of a gene can be used to mark clones. the ospc gene is highly variable within each species and can be used to define groups of related clones. it has been previously shown that only four out of ... | 2001 | 11316368 |
| [culture of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from patients in the czech republic]. | spirochete of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were isolated in a modified bsk medium from 26 patients of 275 investigated suffering from early and late borreliosis. the isolates were specified by phenotype and genotype analysis using monoclonal antibodies, by immunochemical methods and by including species specific 16s rrna, ospa and ospc primers and probes in a polymerase chain reaction with hybridization. borrelia afzelii was found in 9 patients, borrelia garinii in 16 and b. burgdorferi sensu ... | 2001 | 11329731 |
| isolation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from blood of patients with erythema migrans. | we assessed the isolation rate of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from blood in european patients with typical erythema migrans and evaluated the course and outcome of their illness. | 2001 | 11339477 |
| complement evasion by borrelia burgdorferi: serum-resistant strains promote c3b inactivation. | the most characteristic features of the lyme disease pathogens, the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) group, are their ability to invade tissues and to circumvent the immune defenses of the host for extended periods of time, despite elevated levels of borrelia-specific antibodies in serum and other body fluids. our aim in the present study was to determine whether b. burgdorferi is able to interfere with complement (c) at the level of c3 by accelerating c3b inactivation and thus to inhibit ... | 2001 | 11349031 |
| analysis of a vmp-like sequence (vls) locus in borrelia garinii and vls homologues among four borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species. | the vmp-like sequence (vls) locus that consists of one expressed vlse gene and 15 silent vls cassettes has been described in borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto b31. in the present study, the vls locus from a borrelia garinii isolate a87sa was analyzed. dna fragments that contained three complete and five partial vls cassettes were cloned and sequenced. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) analysis and southern hybridization of the pfge blot indicated that the vls locus of b. garinii a87sa, co ... | 2001 | 11356565 |
| western blot analysis for diagnosis of lyme disease in acute facial palsy. | lyme borreliosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute peripheral facial palsy (apfp). few studies, however, have used western blot analyses to confirm the serological diagnosis. | 2001 | 11359146 |
| identification of ehrlichia spp. and borrelia burgdorferi in ixodes ticks in the baltic regions of russia. | the presence and distribution of ehrlichia spp. and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was demonstrated among ixodid ticks collected in the baltic regions of russia, where lyme borreliosis is endemic. a total of 3,426 ixodes ricinus and 1,267 ixodes persulcatus specimens were collected, and dark-field microscopy showed that 265 (11.5%) i. ricinus and 333 (26.3%) i. persulcatus ticks were positive. from these samples, 472 dark-field-positive and 159 dark-field-negative ticks were subjected to pcr an ... | 2001 | 11376063 |
| isolation and characterization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains in an area of italy where lyme borreliosis is endemic. | between 1993 and 1998, we isolated borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from 55 of the 119 patients with clinically diagnosed lyme borreliosis who were admitted to "san martino" hospital in belluno, veneto, an adriatic region in northeastern italy where lyme borreliosis is endemic. upon hospitalization, all patients presented erythema migrans. isolates were typed using ribosomal dna pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of the rrfa-rrlb intergenic spacer. of the 41 isolates typ ... | 2001 | 11376066 |
| inhibition of borrelia burgdorferi-tick interactions in vivo by outer surface protein a antibody. | borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein (osp) a is preferentially expressed by spirochetes in the ixodes scapularis gut and facilitates pathogen-vector adherence in vitro. here we examined b. burgdorferi-tick interactions in vivo by using abs directed against ospa from each of the three major b. burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies: b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii, and borrelia garinii. abs directed against b. burgdorferi sensu stricto (isolate n40) destroy the spirochete and can ... | 2001 | 11390491 |
| visualization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) on whole-body sections of ixodes ricinus ticks and gerbil skin biopsies. | the objective of this study was to visualize borreliae directly in whole-body sections of ixodes ricinus by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). borrelia afzelii mono-infected or borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (ss)/b. afzelii double-infected nymphs were fixed, embedded in cold polymerizing resin and sectioned. the same sample processing was applied to skin biopsies taken from a mongolian gerbil after an infectious tick-bite. fish was carried out using 16s-rrna-directed, fluorescence-la ... | 2001 | 11390674 |
| genetic heterogeneity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the southern united states based on restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis. | fifty-six strains of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, isolated from ticks and vertebrate animals in missouri, south carolina, georgia, florida, and texas, were identified and characterized by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of rrf (5s)-rrl (23s) intergenic spacer amplicons. a total of 241 to 258 bp of intergenic spacers between tandemly duplicated rrf (5s) and rrl (23s) was amplified by pcr. msei and drai restriction fragment polymorphisms were used to analyze these ... | 2001 | 11427560 |
| sensitive detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato dna and differentiation of borrelia species by lightcycler pcr. | in order to differentiate species within the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, lightcyler pcr and melting-curve analysis of the amplicons of two genes with intraspecies variability, the p66 gene and the reca gene, were performed. it was demonstrated that nested lightcycler pcr amplification of p66 is more sensitive in the detection of borrelia dna than amplification of the reca gene. b. burgdorferi sensu stricto could be differentiated from borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii by melting ... | 2001 | 11427590 |
| evidence of ehrlichiosis agents found in ticks (acari: ixodidae) collected from migratory birds. | two ehrlichia pathogens were found in immature ixodes ricinus (l.) ticks collected from migratory passerine birds in the curonian spit area of the baltic region of russia (kaliningrad enclave). during the spring and fall of 2000, 1,606 passerine birds (eight species) were collected; 6.8% of them (110/1,606) were infested by ticks, and 51.8% (57/110) of tick clusters contained various human pathogenic microorganisms. human monocytic ehrlichiosis (hme) and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) age ... | 2001 | 11476325 |
| conversion of borrelia garinii cystic forms to motile spirochetes in vivo. | cystic forms (also called spheroplasts or starvation forms) and their ability to reconvert into normal motile spirochetes have already been demonstrated in the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. the aim of this study was to determine whether motile b. garinii could develop from cystic forms, not only in vitro but also in vivo, in cyst-inoculated mice. the cysts prepared in distilled water were able to reconvert into normal motile spirochetes at any time during in vitro experiments, lasting ... | 2001 | 11478686 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and ehrlichia spp. in ixodes ticks from southern norway. | we report the results of a study of the prevalence of ehrlichia and borrelia species in 341 questing ixodes ricinus ticks from two locations in southern norway. the prevalences of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and ehrlichia spp. were, respectively, 16 and 11.5% at site 1 and 17 and 6% at site 2. prevalence and species composition of borrelia and ehrlichia varied with location and date of collection. the dominant borrelia species at both sites was borrelia afzelii, followed by borrelia burgdorf ... | 2001 | 11574588 |
| routine diagnosis of borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) infections using a real-time pcr assay. | to establish a one-tube fluorogenic real-time pcr assay for routine detection of borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) dna in various clinical specimens. | 2001 | 11678928 |
| lyme disease borrelia spp. in ticks and rodents from northwestern china. | in may 1999, field surveys of lyme disease spirochetes were conducted around the tianshan mountains in xinjiang uygur autonomous region in northwestern people's republic of china. ixodes persulcatus ticks were obtained in a tianchi lake valley with primary forest, while the tick fauna was poor in the semidesert or at higher altitudes in this region. species identities were confirmed by molecular analysis in which an internal transcribed spacer sequence was used. of 55 adult ticks, 22 (40%) were ... | 2001 | 11679340 |
| further characterization of complement regulator-acquiring surface proteins of borrelia burgdorferi. | the three genospecies borrelia burgdorferi, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii, all causative agents of lyme disease, differ in their susceptibilities to human complement-mediated lysis. we recently reported that serum resistance of borrelias correlates largely with their ability to bind the human complement regulators fhl-1/reconectin and factor h. to date, two complement regulator-acquiring-proteins (crasp-1 and crasp-2) have been identified in serum-resistant b. afzelii isolates (p. kraic ... | 2001 | 11705962 |
| [criteria for evaluation of immunoblots using borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto for diagnosis of lyme borreliosis]. | the immunoblot was prepared from genotypes borrelia afzelii (kc 90), borrelia garinii (m 192) and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (b 31). sera of 63 patients with different forms of lyme borreliosis were examined and 40 healthy donors in the endemic area of the disease. in class igm in the group of patients significantly more frequently antibodies against ospc, p39, p41 b. afzelii, p39, p41, p66, p83 b. garinii and ospc1, ospa, b. burgdorferi sensu stricto were found. in class igg there were ... | 2001 | 11769176 |
| distribution of clinically relevant borrelia genospecies in ticks assessed by a novel, single-run, real-time pcr. | a lightcycler-based pcr protocol was developed which targets the ospa gene for the identification and quantification of the different borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in culture and in ticks, based on the use of a fluorescently labeled probe (hybprobe) and an internally labeled primer. the detection limit of the pcr was 1 to 10 spirochetes. a melting temperature determined from the melting curve of the amplified product immediately after thermal cycling allowed the differentiation of the ... | 2002 | 11773090 |
| phylogeographic relationships of ixodes uriae (acari: ixodidae) and their significance to transequatorial dispersal of borrelia garinii. | the seabird tick ixodes uriae (acari: ixodidae) has a bi- and circumpolar distribution and is commonly infected with lyme disease borrelia. identical borrelia flagellin gene sequences have been detected in i. uriae from both the northern and southern hemispheres, suggesting a transequatorial transport of borrelia. parsimony analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) and a part of 16s rdna of i. uriae from the northern and southern hemispheres indicated that northern and southern i. uri ... | 2001 | 11833281 |
| ultrastructural features of borrelia garinii in naturally infected voles, clethrionomys rufocanus, with special reference to the relationship with peripheral nerves. | the ultrastructural features of borrelia garinii found in the ear tissues of the vole, clethrionomys rufocanus, are described. the spirochetes were observed in the interstitium of connective tissue or in contact with fibroblasts and were occasionally situated in the endoneurium of the peripheral nerves. the spirochetes did not injure or enter into the fibroblasts or schwann cells. the cytotoxicity and migration of the spirochetes are also discussed. | 2001 | 11838902 |