| a novel molecular toolkit for rapid detection of the pathogen and primary vector of thousand cankers disease. | thousand cankers disease (tcd) of juglans and pterocarya (juglandaceae) involves a fungal pathogen, geosmithia morbida, and a primary insect vector, pityophthorus juglandis. tcd was described originally from dying juglans nigra trees in the western united states (usa), but it was reported subsequently from the eastern usa and northern italy. the disease is often difficult to diagnose due to the absence of symptoms or signs on the bark surface of the host. furthermore, disease symptoms can be con ... | 2018 | 29304036 |
| comparative genomics of pathogenic and nonpathogenic beetle-vectored fungi in the genus geosmithia. | geosmithia morbida is an emerging fungal pathogen which serves as a model for examining the evolutionary processes behind pathogenicity because it is one of two known pathogens within a genus of mostly saprophytic, beetle-associated, fungi. this pathogen causes thousand cankers disease in black walnut trees and is vectored into the host via the walnut twig beetle. geosmithia morbida was first detected in western united states and currently threatens the timber industry concentrated in eastern un ... | 2017 | 29186370 |
| uranium mobility across annual growth rings in three deciduous tree species. | black walnut (juglans nigra), slippery elm (ulmus rubra), and white ash (fraxinus americana) trees were evaluated as potential archives of past uranium (u) contamination. like other metals, u mobility in annual growth rings of trees is dependent on the tree species. uranium concentrations and isotopic compositions (masses 234, 235, 236, and 238) were analyzed by thermal ionization mass spectrometry to test the efficacy of using tree rings to retroactively monitor u pollution from the ffmpc, a u ... | 2018 | 29150189 |
| walnut twig beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae) colonization of eastern black walnut nursery trees. | thousand cankers disease, caused by the invasive bark beetle pityophthorus juglandis blackman and an associated fungal pathogen geosmithia morbida m.kolařík, e. freeland, c. utley, n. tisserat, currently threatens the health of eastern black walnut (juglans nigra l.) in north america. both the beetle and pathogen have expanded beyond their native range via transport of infested walnut wood. geosmithia morbida can develop in seedlings following inoculation, but the ability of p. juglandis to colo ... | 2017 | 28973569 |
| trap style, bait, and height deployments in black walnut tree canopies help inform monitoring strategies for bark and ambrosia beetles (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae). | knowledge about which bark and ambrosia beetle species are active and at what heights in black walnut canopies is not well understood. neither is the role of these beetles in spreading thousand cankers disease. to assist with future planned research, which will assess the extent to which these beetle species are associated with geosmithia morbida kolařík, freeland, utley, and tisserat (ascomycota: hypocreales: bionectriaceae), experiments were undertaken to monitor bark and ambrosia beetles in u ... | 2017 | 28961948 |
| image gallery: black walnut staining: an unusual presentation of exogenous pigmentation. | | 2017 | 28940272 |
| application of black walnut (juglans nigra) husk for the removal of lead (ii) ion from aqueous solution. | the biosorption characteristics of pb (ii) ions from aqueous solution using black walnut (juglans nigra) seed husk (wsh) biomass were investigated using batch adsorption techniques. the effects of ph, contact time, initial pb (ii) ion concentration, and temperature were studied. the langmuir, freundlich and temkin isotherms were used to analyze the equilibrium data. it was found that the adsorption of pb (ii) ions onto wsh was best described by the freundlich adsorption model. biosorption kineti ... | 2017 | 28541953 |
| cold tolerance of pityophthorus juglandis (coleoptera: scolytidae) from northern california. | winter survivorship of insects is determined by a combination of physiological, behavioral, and microhabitat characteristics. we characterized the cold tolerance of the walnut twig beetle, pityophthorus juglandis blackman, a domestic alien invasive bark beetle that vectors a phytopathogenic fungus. the beetle and fungus cause thousand cankers disease in species of juglans and pterocarya. the disease is spreading in the united states of america (usa) and italy. contact thermocouple thermometry wa ... | 2017 | 28510721 |
| an evaluation of inexpensive methods for root image acquisition when using rhizotrons. | belowground processes play an essential role in ecosystem nutrient cycling and the global carbon budget cycle. quantifying fine root growth is crucial to the understanding of ecosystem structure and function and in predicting how ecosystems respond to climate variability. a better understanding of root system growth is necessary, but choosing the best method of observation is complex, especially in the natural soil environment. here, we compare five methods of root image acquisition using inexpe ... | 2017 | 28286541 |
| antioxidant potential of juglans nigra, black walnut, husks extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide with an ethanol modifier. | the black walnut, junglas nigra, is indigenous to eastern north america, and abscission of its fruit occurs around october. the fruit consists of a husk, a hard shell, and kernel. the husk is commonly discarded in processing, though it contains phenolic compounds that exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. for this study, black walnut husks were extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide with an ethanol modifier. the effects of temperature, ethanol concentration, and drying of walnu ... | 2017 | 28265357 |
| vegetative and adaptive traits predict different outcomes for restoration using hybrids. | hybridization has been implicated as a driver of speciation, extinction, and invasiveness, but can also provide resistant breeding stock following epidemics. however, evaluating the appropriateness of hybrids for use in restoration programs is difficult. past the f1 generation, the proportion of a progenitor's genome can vary widely, as can the combinations of parental genomes. detailed genetic analysis can reveal this information, but cannot expose phenotypic alterations due to heterosis, trans ... | 2016 | 27920788 |
| antiproliferative activity of juglone derivatives on rat glioma. | malignant gliomas are aggressive and life-threatening tumours that still show a poor prognosis: the current therapeutic approach based on surgical resection and chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy does not provide a satisfactory chance of long-term survival to patients. natural bioactive compounds represent a precious source of molecules with antiproliferative activity, potentially effective also against glioma cells. among these, juglone is a known allelopathic compound extracted from the e ... | 2017 | 27465779 |
| yeats - a tool suite for analyzing rna-seq derived transcriptome identifies a highly transcribed putative extensin in heartwood/sapwood transition zone in black walnut. | the transcriptome provides a functional footprint of the genome by enumerating the molecular components of cells and tissues. the field of transcript discovery has been revolutionized through high-throughput mrna sequencing (rna-seq). here, we present a methodology that replicates and improves existing methodologies, and implements a workflow for error estimation and correction followed by genome annotation and transcript abundance estimation for rna-seq derived transcriptome sequences (yeats - ... | 2015 | 26870317 |
| exploring the antiviral activity of juglone by computational method. | nature has been the best source of medicines for a long time. many plant extracts have been used as drugs. juglone occurs in all parts of the juglandaceae family and is found extensively in the black walnut plants. it possesses antifungal, antimalarial, antibacterial and antiviral properties besides exhibiting cytotoxic effects. juglone has gained interest by the researchers for its anticancer properties. this article elucidates the antiviral activity of the juglone by the computational method. | 2014 | 24846583 |
| juglans regia and j. nigra, two trees important in traditional medicine: a comparison of leaf essential oil compositions and biological activities. | the essential oils from the leaves of juglans regia, collected from kathmandu, nepal, and juglans nigra from huntsville, alabama, usa, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gc-ms. a total of 69 compounds were identified in the j. regia oil, accounting for 99.0% of the eluting components of the oil while three different samples of j. nigra were analyzed identifying a total of 99.3%, 99.4% and 99.7% of the oils. the leaf essential oil of j. regia was dominated by the aromatic compound ... | 2013 | 24354208 |
| development and characterization of new microsatellites for walnut (juglans regia). | the expressed sequence tag (est) database represents a potentially valuable resource for the development of simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers for use in evolutionary studies. est-ssrs reveal polymorphisms not only within the source taxon, but in related taxa as well. in this paper, we describe a case study in which the publicly available walnut (juglans regia) est database was used to develop ssr markers for use in the genetic analysis of the widespread juglans nigra and carya cathayensis and ... | 2013 | 24222248 |
| protective effect of juglans nigra on sodium arsenite-induced toxicity in rats. | consumption of arsenic contaminated water has been implicated in metalloid-induced carcinogenesis. dietary intake of certain plant products with chemoprotective properties may protect against the onset of diseases and promote maintenance of health. | 2013 | 23901214 |
| regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and related genes in equine digital lamellae and in cultured keratinocytes. | hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (hif-1a) is an important protein in the regulation/induction of many genes in the cellular and tissue response to hypoxia and a central mediator in inflammatory signalling. as both hypoxia and inflammatory events are purported to occur in the lamellar epidermis in sepsis-related laminitis in the equid, hif-1a may play a central role in this disease process. | 2014 | 23663159 |
| descriptive analysis of flavor characteristics for black walnut cultivars. | seven black walnut cultivars, brown nugget, davidson, emma k, football, sparks 127, sparrow, and tomboy, were evaluated by descriptive sensory analysis. seven trained panelists developed a lexicon for the black walnuts and scored the intensities of the samples for 22 flavor attributes. results showed that the 7 samples differed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) on 13 of the attributes. for the majority of the attributes, only emma k differed from the rest of the cultivars by being characterized with lowe ... | 2013 | 23627833 |
| a review of recent advances and current hypotheses on the pathogenesis of acute laminitis. | with the increasing number of studies being published on the different experimental models used to induce and study acute laminitis, the pathophysiological events associated with these various models (i.e. starch overload, oligofructose overload, black walnut extract and hyperinsulinaemia) can be compared more realistically. within this review, the mechanisms for metabolic vs. inflammatory laminitis are discussed, and the question of how pasture laminitis may fit into any of the proposed mechani ... | 2012 | 23106629 |
| plumbagin inhibits prostate cancer development in tramp mice via targeting pkcε, stat3 and neuroendocrine markers. | plumbagin (pl), 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, is a quinoid constituent isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant plumbago zeylanica l. (also known as chitrak). pl has also been found in juglans regia (english walnut), juglans cinerea (whitenut) and juglans nigra (blacknut). the roots of p. zeylanica have been used in indian and chinese systems of medicine for more than 2500 years for the treatment of various types of ailments. we were the first to report that pl inhibits the growth ... | 2012 | 22976928 |
| laminar regulation of stat1 and stat3 in black walnut extract and carbohydrate overload induced models of laminitis. | stat1 and stat3 are important signaling molecules in disorders of systemic inflammation and are likely to be involved in laminitis, as laminar and systemic inflammation have been well documented in experimental models of laminitis. | 2016 | 22805114 |
| early pollen sensitization in children is dependent upon regional aeroallergen exposure. | introduction. aeroallergen sensitization occurs at an earlier age than previously noted. the purpose of this paper was to identify which pollens cause early sensitization in young children presenting with rhinitis symptoms. methods. this paper was a retrospective analysis of skin test results from 2- to 8-year-old patients presenting with a history consistent with allergic rhinitis. patients were tested to aeroallergens common to the great basin along with a histamine and saline control. pollen ... | 2012 | 22619685 |
| phosphoinositol 3-kinase, a novel target molecule for the inhibitory effects of juglone on tpa-induced cell transformation. | juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione) from black walnut trees induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of various malignant cells. here, we investigated whether juglone affects 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa)-induced cell transformation through the phosphoinositol 3-kinase (pi3k) pathway. the results showed that tpa- and endothelial growth factor (egf)-induced anchorage-independent colony formation were suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by treatment of jb6 ci41 mouse skin e ... | 2012 | 22505246 |
| update on the healthful lipid constituents of commercially important tree nuts. | uncharacteristic of most whole foods, the major component of tree nuts is lipid; surprisingly, information on the lipid constituents in tree nuts has been sporadic and, for the most part, not well reported. most published papers focus on only one nut type, or those that report a cultivar lack a quality control program, thus making data comparisons difficult. the present study was designed to quantify the healthful lipid constituents of 10 different types of commercially important tree nuts (i.e. ... | 2011 | 21985331 |
| volatile compounds in light, medium, and dark black walnut and their influence on the sensory aromatic profile. | light, medium, and dark colored kernels from 3 different cultivars (emma k, kwik krop, and sparks 127) and one wild species of black walnut were studied for their aroma volatiles. solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine the aromatic compounds present in the headspace of these samples. partial least square regression was used to correlate the instrumental aromatic data with the sensory responses, obtained in a previous study, for the same samples. th ... | 2011 | 21535735 |
| differentiation of walnut wood species and steam treatment using atr-ftir and partial least squares discriminant analysis (pls-da). | wood is a ubiquitous material used in everyday life. accurate identification of species can be of importance in a historical context enabling appropriate conservation treatment and adequate choice of material to be applied to historic wooden objects, and in a more modern context, in the identification of forgeries. wood is also often treated to improve certain physical characteristics, often strength and durability. however, determination of whether or not a piece of wood has been treated can be ... | 2010 | 20882383 |
| understanding the ecology of blue elderberry to inform landscape restoration in semiarid river corridors. | societal constraints often limit full process restoration in large river systems, making local rehabilitation activities valuable for regeneration of riparian vegetation. a target of much mitigation and restoration is the federally threatened valley elderberry longhorn beetle and its sole host plant, blue elderberry, in upper riparian floodplain environments. however, blue elderberry ecology is not well understood and restoration attempts typically have low success rates. we determined broad-sca ... | 2009 | 19034562 |
| black walnut cake. | | 2006 | 16749634 |
| nitrogen availability, local light regime and leaf rank effects on the amount and sources of n allocated within the foliage of young walnut (juglans nigra x regia) trees. | early season leaf growth depends largely on nitrogen (n) provided by remobilization from storage, and many studies have tested the effect of n availability to roots on the amount of n provided for new leaf development by remobilization. although it is well known that the light regime experienced by a leaf influences the amount of n per unit leaf area (la), the effect of the local light regime on the amount of n derived either directly from root uptake or from remobilization for early season leaf ... | 2006 | 16203713 |
| sudden increase in atmospheric co2 concentration reveals strong coupling between shoot carbon uptake and root nutrient uptake in young walnut trees. | we studied the short-term (i.e., a few days) effect of a sudden increase in co2 uptake by shoots on nutrient (no3-, p ion, k+, ca2+ and mg2+) uptake by roots during vegetative growth of young walnut (juglans nigra x j. major l.) trees. the increase in co2 uptake was induced by a sudden increase in atmospheric co2 concentration ([co2]). twelve 2-year-old trees were transplanted and grown in perlite-filled pots in a greenhouse. rates of co2 uptake and water loss by individual trees were determined ... | 2005 | 15574404 |
| cytotoxic action of juglone and plumbagin: a mechanistic study using hacat keratinocytes. | juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) and plumbagin (5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) are yellow pigments found in black walnut (juglans regia). herbal preparations derived from black walnut have been used as hair dyes and skin colorants in addition to being applied topically for the treatment of acne, inflammatory diseases, ringworm, and fungal, bacterial, or viral infections. we have studied the cytotoxicity of these quinones to hacat keratinocytes. exposure to juglone or plumbagin (1-2 ... | 2004 | 14727919 |
| black walnut. | | 2003 | 14533650 |
| drought tolerance, xylem sap abscisic acid and stomatal conductance during soil drying: a comparison of canopy trees of three temperate deciduous angiosperms. | patterns of water relations, xylem sap abscisic acid concentration ([aba]) and stomatal aperture were characterized and compared in drought-sensitive black walnut (juglans nigra l.), less drought-sensitive sugar maple (acer saccharum marsh.) and drought-tolerant white oak (quercus alba l.) trees co-occurring in a second-growth forest in missouri, usa. there were strong correlations among reduction in predawn leaf water potential, increased xylem sap [aba] and stomatal closure in all species. sto ... | 1998 | 12651354 |
| drought tolerance, xylem sap abscisic acid and stomatal conductance during soil drying: a comparison of young plants of four temperate deciduous angiosperms. | patterns of water relations, xylem sap abscisic acid (aba) concentration ([aba]) and stomatal aperture were compared in drought-sensitive black walnut (juglans nigra l.) and black willow (salix nigra marsh.), less drought-sensitive sugar maple (acer saccharum marsh.) and drought-tolerant white oak (quercus alba l.). strong correlations among reduction in predawn water potential, increase in xylem sap [aba] and stomatal closure were observed in all species. stomatal response was more highly corre ... | 1998 | 12651353 |
| coupling sap flow velocity and amino acid concentrations as an alternative method to (15)n labeling for quantifying nitrogen remobilization by walnut trees. | the temporal dynamics of n remobilization was studied in walnut (juglans nigra x regia) trees growing in sand culture. trees were fed with labeled n ((15)n) during 1999 and unlabeled n in 2000. total n and (15)n contents in different tree compartments were measured during 80 d after bud burst and were used to estimate n remobilization for spring growth. the seasonal (and occasionally diurnal) dynamics of the concentration and (15)n enrichment of the major amino acids in xylem sap were determined ... | 2002 | 12376667 |
| thirty polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci from black walnut. | black walnut (juglans nigra l) is a large tree, native to the eastern united states, that is prized for its high-quality timber and edible nut. thirty (ga/ct)n nuclear microsatellite markers were identified from black walnut for use in population genetic studies, genome mapping, dna genotyping of important clones, studies of gene flow, and tree breeding. the markers were polymorphic based on a diversity panel of 10 black walnut individuals from eight midwestern u.s. states. | 2004 | 12011179 |
| expression of genes encoding chalcone synthase, flavanone 3-hydroxylase and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase correlates with flavanol accumulation during heartwood formation in juglans nigra. | heartwood formation is generally characterized by the accumulation of phenolic substances that increase the natural color and durability of wood. although there is evidence that these substances are synthesized in aging sapwood cells, little is known about heartwood formation at the molecular level. we monitored seasonal changes in flavanol concentration across the stems of 23-year-old juglans nigra l. trees by sampling growth rings extending from the differentiating xylem to the heartwood. we a ... | 2002 | 11960753 |
| involvement of peroxidases in the formation of the brown coloration of heartwood in juglans nigra. | oxidase activities were investigated within the cross-section of walnut trunk in relation to the brown staining of heartwood, especially in the transition zone where the colour change occurs. the distribution of peroxidase activity was investigated using 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (dab) or guaiacol as a substrate. generally, the highest activity was found in the cambial zone and in the middle sapwood. this activity was mainly vacuolar. however, during autumn a peak of activity was observed in the tra ... | 2002 | 11807134 |
| comparison of nutshell granular activated carbons to commercial adsorbents for the purge-and-trap gas chromatographic analysis of volatile organic compounds. | granular activated carbons (gacs) made from agricultural by-products were investigated as adsorbents for short path thermal desorption gas chromatographic analysis of selected polar and nonpolar organic compounds. gacs made from macadamia nut, black walnut and hazelnut shells were compared to four commercially available adsorbents, namely, tenax ta, carboxen 569, carbosieve siii and coconut charcoal for their properties in purge-and-trap analysis. adsorption values and breakthrough volumes were ... | 2000 | 10893033 |
| phylogeny and biogeography of juglans (juglandaceae) based on matk and its sequence data. | we investigated phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships within juglans (walnuts), a tertiary disjunct genus, using 15 species of juglans and related (juglandaceae) outgroups. the relationships were analyzed using nucleotide sequences of the chloroplast gene matk and its flanking spacers and of the internal transcribed spacers (its) and 5.8s gene of the nuclear ribosomal dna. the dna sequences provided 246 informative characters for parsimony analysis. its data supported as monophyletic grou ... | 2000 | 10860918 |
| expression of antisense chalcone synthase rna in transgenic hybrid walnut microcuttings. effect on flavonoid content and rooting ability. | walnut somatic embryos (juglans nigra x juglans regia) were transformed with a vector containing a neomycin phosphotransferase ii, a beta-glucuronidase and an antisense chalcone synthase (chs) gene. this antisense construct included a 400 bp cdna fragment of a walnut chs gene under the control of the duplicated camv-35s promoter. molecular, biochemical and biological characterizations were performed both on transformed embryos propagated by secondary somatic embryogenesis and on microshoots deve ... | 1998 | 9747854 |
| adventitious regeneration of juglans nigra l. (eastern black walnut). | somatic embryos and adventitious shoots were initiated from immature cotyledons 10-14 weeks after anthesis. maximum embryogenesis occurred 12 weeks after anthesis and maximum shoot organogenesis occurred 14 weeks after anthesis. the best treatment for induction of somatic embryos and adventitious shoots from immature cotyledon explants was on agar-solidified wpm supplemented with 0.1 μm 2,4-d and 5.0 μm tdz and incubated in light for the first four weeks. rooting of adventitious shoots was best ... | 1995 | 24186716 |
| stomatal and nonstomatal limitations to net photosynthesis in seedlings of woody angiosperms. | comparative responses of net photosynthesis (a) to water stress in woody species from a variety of habitats were studied to assess the relationship between photosynthetic attributes and drought tolerance. stomatal and nonstomatal limitations to a were compared in three-month-old white oak (quercus alba l.), post oak (quercus stellata wangenh.), sugar maple (acer saccharum marsh.), and black walnut (juglans nigra l.) seedlings during a drying cycle. relative stomatal limitation of photosynthesis ... | 1992 | 16669065 |
| gas exchange during a soil drying cycle in seedlings of four black walnut (juglans nigra l.) families. | photosynthetic and stomatal responses to a soil drying cycle were examined in half-sib seedlings of four walnut (juglans nigra l.) families. well-watered seedlings of an iowa seed source had significantly higher rates of net photosynthesis than seedlings from new york or michigan sources. this superior photosynthetic potential was associated with both greater stomatal conductance and mesophyll capacity for co(2) fixation. in a drying soil, net photosynthesis and leaf conductance to water vapor o ... | 1991 | 14972845 |
| response of gas exchange to water stress in seedlings of woody angiosperms. | responses of net photosynthesis (a), leaf conductance to water vapor (g(wv)) and instantaneous water use efficiency (wue) to decreasing leaf and soil water potentials (psi(l), psi(s)) were studied in three-month-old white oak (quercus alba l.), post oak (q. stellata wangenh.), sugar maple (acer saccharum marsh.), and black walnut (juglans nigra l.) seedlings. quercus seedlings had the highest a and g(wv) when plants were well watered. as the soil was allowed to dry, both a and g(wv) decreased; h ... | 1991 | 14972892 |
| response of liquid flow resistance to soil drying in seedlings of four deciduous angiosperms. | soil-leaf resistance to liquid water flow (r) in moist and drying soil was compared in three-month-old seedlings of two drought tolerant (white [quercus alba l.], post oak [q. stellata wangenh.]) and two drought sensitive forest species (sugar maple [acer saccharum marsh.], black walnut [juglans nigra l.]). at high soil moisture (ψs≥-0.3 mpa), r was higher in j. nigra than in the other species, and as soil water was depleted r increased most in this species. in contrast, the lowest resistance at ... | 1990 | 28312763 |
| seasonal patterns of juglone in soil beneathjuglans nigra (black walnut) and influence ofj. nigra on understory vegetation. | the allelopathic nature ofj. nigra l. was investigated in several planted mixed hardwood stands located near syracuse, new york. concentrations of chloroform-extracted juglone from soil collected beneathj. nigra was determined by thin-layer chromatography (tlc) and high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc). soil juglone concentrations were corrected based on recovery of synthetic juglone added to soil. soil juglone levels were high in the spring, decreased during the summer, and were high again ... | 1990 | 24263716 |
| effect of juglone on freshwater algal growth. | allelopathic growth inhibition of various freshwater algal species was observed upon the addition of juglone to culture medium under laboratory conditions. juglone is a phenolic chemical compound common to most parts of the black walnut (juglans nigra l.). growth inhibition of all species occurred at a juglone concentration of 10(-3) m. three of the five species were inhibited by a concentration of 10(-4) m juglone, while no inhibition occurred at 10(-5) m juglone. the results of this study indi ... | 1989 | 24272301 |
| chemical ecology of the luna moth : effects of host plant on detoxification enzyme activity. | the effects of food plant on larval performance and midgut detoxification enzymes were investigated in larvae of the luna moth,actias luna. neonate larvae were fed leaves of black cherry, cottonwood, quaking aspen, white willow, red oak, white oak, tulip tree, paper birch, black walnut, butternut, or shagbark hickory. first instar survival, larval duration, and pupal weights were monitored as indices of food quality. midgut enzyme preparations from fifth instars were assayed for β-glucosidase, q ... | 1989 | 24272292 |
| degradation of juglone by soil bacteria. | bacteria that can degrade juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) were isolated from soil beneath black walnut trees. autecological studies with one of these bacteria (pseudomonas j1), demonstrated that it could grow rapidly using juglone as its sole source of carbon and energy. using nonlinear regression analysis and the monod equation, it was determined that this bacterium had a high affinity for juglone (k s = 0.95 μg/ml).pseudomonas j1 can also utilize other aromatic compounds from plants as ... | 1988 | 24276429 |
| 2-chloroethyl fatty acid esters as indicators of 2-chloroethanol in black walnuts, seasoning mixes, and spices. | residues of 2-chloroethyl fatty acid esters (cees) and 2-chloroethanol (ech), by-products of ethylene oxide fumigation, were determined in black walnuts, seasoning mixes, and spices. extracts containing ech and cee were cleaned up by previously described procedures, and residue levels were quantitatively determined using a gas chromatograph equipped with a halogen-selective electrolytic conductivity detector. all food products that contained cee residues also contained ech. ech residues ranged f ... | 2013 | 3436891 |
| seasonal changes of juglone potential in leaves of black walnut (juglans nigra l.). | the literature concerning the extraction and quantification of juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) frequently fails to differentiate between juglone and its immediate precursors. the proposal that the term "juglone potential" be used to define the total concentration of juglone under an oxidative environment in walnut tissues is made. the juglone potential of a given tissue will more accurately reflect the allelopathic agent's presence than will juglone concentration of the tissue alone. the ... | 1983 | 24407811 |
| effects of juglone concentration on growth in vitro offrankia ari3 andrhizobium japonicum strain 71. | nitrogen-fixing nurse crops and cocrops of plant species nodulated byfrankia andrhizobium have been used to promote the growth of black walnut trees. although walnut is known to inhibit the growth of certain associated plants due to its allelopathic derivative juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-napthoquinone), juglone inhibition of symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing soil microorganisms had not been investigated. this research revealed that a concentration of 10(-3) m juglone absolutely inhibited the growth in vitro ... | 1983 | 24407809 |
| allelopathic effects of black walnut on european black alder coplanted as a nurse species. | black alder trees were interplanted with black walnut on a 2.4 × 3.7-m spacing at four locations in illinois and missouri. in every plantation, the alders suddenly declined and died after 8-13 years. alternative causes for the mortality were investigated-competition from walnut, adverse soil properties, frost, insects, disease, unsuitable seed source, and allelopathy-but only allelopathy could be substantiated. the decline in alder survival and diameter growth was strongly related to walnut abov ... | 1983 | 24407805 |
| determination of methyl 2-benzimidazolylcarbamate in black walnut fruit. | | 2013 | 7309993 |
| low-temperature storage of black walnut pollen. | | 1974 | 4452269 |
| antitumor activity of juglans niga (black walnut) extractives. | | 1968 | 5684734 |
| dermatitis due to black walnut juice. | | 1954 | 13196685 |
| pasteurization of black walnut meats. | | 2016 | 18892932 |
| black walnut canker. | | 1930 | 17838532 |