| germacrene a synthase in yarrow (achillea millefolium) is an enzyme with mixed substrate specificity: gene cloning, functional characterization and expression analysis. | terpenoid synthases constitute a highly diverse gene family producing a wide range of cyclic and acyclic molecules consisting of isoprene (c5) residues. often a single terpene synthase produces a spectrum of molecules of given chain length, but some terpene synthases can use multiple substrates, producing products of different chain length. only a few such enzymes has been characterized, but the capacity for multiple-substrate use can be more widespread than previously thought. here we focused o ... | 2015 | 25784918 |
| contact dermatitis as an adverse reaction to some topically used european herbal medicinal products - part 1: achillea millefolium-curcuma longa. | this review focuses on contact dermatitis as an adverse effect of a selection of topically used herbal medicinal products for which the european medicines agency has completed an evaluation up to the end of november 2013 and for which a community herbal monograph has been produced. part 1: achillea millefolium l.-curcuma longa l. | 2014 | 24621152 |
| antimutagenic effect of medicinal plants achillea millefolium and bauhinia forficata in vivo. | the investigation of traditionally used medicinal plants is valuable both as a source of potential chemotherapeutic drugs and as a measure of safety for the continued use of these medicinal plants. achillea millefolium l. (am) is an ancient remedial herb native to europe that is used to treat wounds, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders, inflammation, headaches, and pain. bauhinia forficata link (bf), an asiatic plant, is one of the most commonly used plants in folk medicine against diab ... | 2013 | 24459532 |
| pesticide residues in some herbs growing in agricultural areas in poland. | the aim of this paper was to assess residue content of plant protection products in selected herbs: achillea millefolium l., cichorium intybus l., equisetum arvense l., polygonum persicaria l., plantago lanceolata l., and plantago major l. the study comprises herbs growing in their natural habitat, 1 and 10 m away from crop fields. the herbs, 30 plants of each species, were sampled during the flowering stage between 1 and 20 july 2014. pesticide residue content was measured with the quechers met ... | 2015 | 26612566 |
| in vitro evaluation of achillea millefolium on the production and stimulation of human skin fibroblast cells (hfs-pi-16). | in the present study, we aimed the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of achillea millefolium (heaml) on human skin fibroblast cells (hsf-pi-16) proliferation, stimulation and growth properties. | 2015 | 26543303 |
| effect of drought stress on total phenolic, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant activity of achillea species. | the changes in total phenolic content (tpc), total flavonoid content (tfc), proline, malondialdehyde (mda), h2o2, and antioxidant activity were assessed based on three model systems in three achillea species (achillea millefolium, a. nobilis, and a. filipendulina) growing under four irrigation regimes, including 100% fc (field capacity as normal irrigation) 75% fc (low stress), 50% fc (moderate stress), and 25% fc (severe stress) conditions. the highest tpc (47.13 mg tannic acid/g dw) and tfc (2 ... | 2016 | 26541161 |
| the interaction between root herbivory and competitive ability of native and invasive-range populations of brassica nigra. | the evolution of increased competitive ability (eica) hypothesis predicts that escape from intense herbivore damage may enable invasive plants to evolve higher competitive ability in the invasive range. below-ground root herbivory can have a strong impact on plant performance, and invasive plants often compete with multiple species simultaneously, but experimental approaches in which eica predictions are tested with root herbivores and in a community setting are rare. here, we used brassica nigr ... | 2015 | 26517125 |
| content of zinc and copper in selected plants growing along a motorway. | in 2011 a study was carried out analyzing the effects of road traffic on bioaccumulation of zinc and copper in selected species of dicotyledonous plants growing on adjacent grasslands. to do the research the plants were sampled from the 9-km-long siedlce bypass, a part of the international route e-30. they were collected during the flowering stage, at following distances from the road: 1, 5, 10, 15 m. the content of zinc and copper was determined with the aas method, with dry mineralisation done ... | 2015 | 26364030 |
| ethnomedicinal plants of kathua district, j&k, india. | natural products, especially those derived from plants, continue to provide new and important leads in the drug discovery process. the first step in drug discovery is to document material traditionally used to treat an ailment. documentation of such knowledge will lead to its conservation and facilitate future research on medicinal plant safety and efficacy to validate traditional use. the present study was undertaken with an aim to document the ethnomedicinal plants of kathua district. | 2015 | 26023030 |
| where does the border lie: locally grown plants used for making tea for recreation and/or healing, 1970s-1990s estonia. | traditional use of local wild and cultivated plants for making recreational tea in estonia often borders with the medicinal use of the same plants. | 2013 | 23994468 |
| antibacterial activities of essential oils and extracts of turkish achillea, satureja and thymus species against plant pathogenic bacteria. | the aims of this study were to examine the chemical composition of the essential oils and hexane extracts of the aerial parts of satureja spicigera (c. koch) boiss., thymus fallax fisch. & ca mey, achillea biebersteinii afan, and achillea millefolium l. by gc and gc-ms, and to test antibacterial efficacy of essential oils and n-hexane, chloroform, acetone and methanol extracts as an antibacterial and seed disinfectant against 25 agricultural plant pathogens. | 2010 | 20355025 |
| effect of achillea millefolium on relief of primary dysmenorrhea: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. | primary dysmenorrhea occurs in as many as 50% of postmenarche women and is characterized by a particularly intense pain that is localized in the abdominal inferior quadrants and radiates to the inner thigh. this study assessed the effectiveness of achillea millefolium on relief of primary dysmenorrhea. | 2015 | 26238568 |
| effect of drive row ground covers on hop (rosales: cannabaceae) yard arthropod pests in vermont, usa. | alternatives to pesticides are necessary for the management of hop (humulus lupulus l.) arthropod pests. the three major arthropod pests in northeastern us hop production include two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch, hop aphid phorodon humuli (schrank), and potato leafhopper, empoasca fabae harris. this 3-yr study (2012-2014) in vermont investigated the effect of flowering ground covers on arthropod pest abundance. hop cultivars 'nugget' and 'cascade' were evaluated under a strip-sp ... | 2017 | 28334066 |
| identification, characterization, and palynology of high-valued medicinal plants. | high-valued medicinal plants achillea millefolium, acorus calamus, arnebia nobilis, fumaria indica, gymnema sylvestre, origanum vulgare, paeonia emodi, peganum harmala, psoralea corylifolia, rauwolfia serpentina, and vetiveria zizanioides were identified with the help of taxonomical markers and investigated for characterization and palynological studies. these parameters are used to analyze their quality, safety, and standardization for their safe use. botanical description and crude drug descri ... | 2013 | 23844389 |
| the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of achillea millefolium on appetite hormone in rats. | achillea millefolium (a. millefolium) is known as an orexigenic herb in iranian traditional medicine. in this study, the possible orexigenic effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of a. millefolium was investigated by measuring plasmaghrelin level. | 2017 | 28265542 |
| repellent effect and metabolite volatile profile of the essential oil of achillea millefolium against aegorhinus nodipennis (hope) (coleoptera: curculionidae). | aegorhinus nodipennis (hope) (coleoptera: curculionidae) is an important native pest in fruit crops that is mainly found in european hazelnut fields in the south of chile. we investigated the behavioral response of a. nodipennis to volatile compounds released from the essential oil of achillea millefolium and its main constituent using olfactometric bioassays. gas chromatographic and mass spectral analysis of the a. millefolium essential oil revealed the presence of 11 compounds. monoterpene β-t ... | 2015 | 26013273 |
| antioxidative/acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of some asteraceae plants. | the extracts obtained by 80% etoh from some asteraceae plants (calendula officinalis, inula helenium, arctium lappa, artemisia absinthium and achillea millefolium) were studied. rosmarinic acid, one of the main compounds identified in all extracts, was determined quantitatively by using hplc. in addition, spectrophotometric methods were evaluated as an alternative for rosmarinic acid content determination. total phenolic content was also established for all extracts. a. millefolium extract was f ... | 2013 | 23738456 |
| the acceptability of meadow plants to the slug deroceras reticulatum and implications for grassland restoration. | despite the selective pressure slugs may exert on seedling recruitment there is a lack of information in this context within grassland restoration studies. selective grazing is influenced by interspecific differences in acceptability. as part of a larger study of how slug-seedling interactions may influence upland hay meadow restoration, an assessment of relative acceptability is made for seedlings of meadow plants to the slug, deroceras reticulatum. | 2013 | 23632124 |
| soil-to-plant transfer of native selenium for wild vegetation cover at selected locations of the czech republic. | total selenium (se) contents were determined in aboveground biomass of wild plant species growing in two uncultivated meadows at two different locations. the soils in these locations had pseudototal (aqua regia soluble) se in concentration ranges of between 0.2 and 0.3 mg kg(-1) at the first location, and between 0.7 and 1.4 mg kg(-1) at the second location. the plant species represented 29 plant families where the most numerous ones were poaceae, rosaceae, fabaceae , and asteraceae. the seleniu ... | 2015 | 25975239 |
| a cross-cultural comparison of folk plant uses among albanians, bosniaks, gorani and turks living in south kosovo. | kosovo represents a unique hotspot of biological and cultural diversity in europe, which allows for interesting cross-cultural ethnobotanical studies. the aims of this study were twofold: 1) to document the state of traditional knowledge related to local (esp. wild) plant uses for food, medicine, and handicrafts in south kosovo; and 2) to examine how communities of different ethnic groups in the region (albanians, bosniaks/gorani, and turks) relate to and value wild botanical taxa in their ecosy ... | 2015 | 25964167 |
| performance of a commercially available plant allergen series in the assessment of suspected occupational contact dermatitis to plants in north indian patients. | parthenium hysterophorus is the leading cause of phytogenic allergic contact dermatitis in india. the indian standard series currently supplied by systopic laboratories ltd and manufactured by chemotechnique diagnostics ® contains parthenolide as the only allergen representing plant allergens. | 2015 | 25937142 |
| modulation of antioxidant systems by subchronic exposure to the aqueous extract of leaves from achillea millefolium l. in rats. | we determined the effects of subchronic exposure to aqueous extract of leaves from achillea millefolium (ae) on enzyme- and non-enzyme-dependent antioxidant systems in rats. seven days treatment with ae (1 g/kg/twice a day, p.o.) altered the reduced glutathione (gsh) levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in several organs of the animals. amount of gsh in uterus was increased (73%) while in kidneys it was decreased (23%). besides, nad(p)h quinone oxidoreductase 1 (nqo1) activity was increased ... | 2016 | 25870009 |
| some popular medicinal plants and diseases of the upper palaeolithic in western georgia. | palynological studies of cultural layers of cave sediments have been used in order to better understand traditional practices. the upper palaeolithic in georgia (36,000-11,000 cal. bp) provides a rich source of such material. however, up to day from such sediments the identification of medicinal plants has hardly been achieved. large quantities of pollen most notably from entomophilous taxa in fossil spectra can serve as a tool to identify traditionally important species. as these plants are use ... | 2015 | 25769538 |
| effect of adding the herb achillea millefolium on mouthwash on chemotherapy induced oral mucositis in cancer patients: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. | oral mucositis (om) is a debilitating side-effect of chemotherapy. it has different complications, including impairment of drinking, eating and even talking, sometimes so severe that physician stops the therapy. | 2015 | 25667123 |
| arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce the differences in competitiveness between dominant and subordinate plant species. | in grassland communities, plants can be classified as dominants or subordinates according to their relative abundances, but the factors controlling such distributions remain unclear. here, we test whether the presence of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus glomus intraradices affects the competitiveness of two dominant (taraxacum officinale and agrostis capillaris) and two subordinate species (prunella vulgaris and achillea millefolium). plants were grown in pots in the presence or absence of ... | 2013 | 23064770 |
| achillea millefolium l. hydro- alcoholic extract protects pancreatic cells by down regulating il- 1β and inos gene expression in diabetic rats. | interleukin-1β (il-1β) has a role in β- cell destruction in autoimmune diabetes by stimulating the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) that generates the free radical nitric oxide. we aimed to investigate the effect of achillea millefolium l, as a traditional hypoglycemic agent, on il-1β and inos gene expression of pancreatic tissue in the stz- induced diabetic rats. forty adult male wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: 1. diabetic control; 2. diabetic rats treate ... | 2014 | 25635252 |
| effect of herbal medicine achillea millefolium on plasma nitrite and nitrate levels in patients with chronic kidney disease: a preliminary study. | increased plasma nitric oxide concentration has been supposed as one of the possible mechanisms of bleeding tendency in patients who suffer chronic kidney disease. nitric oxide-scavenging properties have been reported with some achillea species. this study was designed to find any possible effect of achillea millefolium on plasma nitric oxide concentration in these patients. | 2012 | 22976260 |
| radiolabeling of methanol extracts of yarrow (achillea millefolium l) in rats. | current study is focused on extraction with methanol, purification, labeling with (131)i using iodogen method of the yarrow plant and investigating in vivo biological activity using biodistribution and imaging studies on healthy animal models. the aim of the study is to contribute plant extracts to discover new drugs in the diagnosis and treatment of several diseases. | 2012 | 22666741 |
| biochemical and pathological study of hydroalcoholic extract of achillea millefolium l. on ethylene glycol-induced nephrolithiasis in laboratory rats. | nephrolithiasis is of the most prevalent urinary tract disease. it seems worthwhile to replace the conventional treatments with more beneficial and safer agents, particularly herbal medicines which are receiving an increasing interest nowadays. | 2014 | 25599052 |
| root foraging influences plant growth responses to earthworm foraging. | interactions among the foraging behaviours of co-occurring animal species can impact population and community dynamics; the consequences of interactions between plant and animal foraging behaviours have received less attention. in north american forests, invasions by european earthworms have led to substantial changes in plant community composition. changes in leaf litter have been identified as a critical indirect mechanism driving earthworm impacts on plants. however, there has been limited ex ... | 2014 | 25268503 |
| levels of some microelements and essential heavy metals in herbal teas in serbia. | levels of fe, mn, cu, zn, mo, co, ni, se, sn and al were determined in 14 medicinal plants from serbia, which are widely used in phytopharmacy as herbal teas. the following plants were investigated: yarrow (achillea millefolium l.), basil (ocimum hasilicum l.), st. john's wort (hypericum perforatum l.), peppermint (mentha x piperita l.), field horsetail (equisetum arvense l.), stinging nettle (urtica dioica l.), thyme (thymus serpyllum l.), maize silk (zea mays l. - maydis stigma), hibiscus (hib ... | 2014 | 25265817 |
| the melanogenesis alteration effects of achillea millefolium l. essential oil and linalyl acetate: involvement of oxidative stress and the jnk and erk signaling pathways in melanoma cells. | the mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) family, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (erk)1/2, c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk)1/2 and p38 mapk, is known to be activated by ultraviolet (uv) radiation in melanocytes to regulate melanin production. reactive oxygen species (ros) play important roles in the pathway of erk and jnk activation. it has been established that the essential oil of achillea millefolium l. (am-eo) has activities that suppress the oxidative stress and inflammatory ... | 2014 | 24743745 |
| a simple electrochemical method for the rapid estimation of antioxidant potentials of some selected medicinal plants. | clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancers and other related disorders. these beneficial health effects have been attributed in part to the presence of antioxidants in dietary plants. therefore screening for antioxidant properties of plant extracts has been one of the interests of scientists in this field. different screening methods have been reported for the evaluation of anti ... | 2012 | 25317192 |
| cytological investigations and new chromosome number reports in yarrow (achillea millefolium linnaeus, 1753) accessions from iran. | in this study, a new chromosome number for iranian yarrow (achillea millefolium l.) accessions was reported. cytological analyses on four achillea millefolium accessions, indicated that two accessions were diploids (2n=2x=18) and two tetraploids (2n=4x=36). cluster analysis based on chromosomal characteristics and karyotype asymmetry, categorized the four accessions separated into two groups. in terms of the stebbins' system, the karyotype of diploid accessions grouped in 2a class. the average v ... | 2013 | 24455101 |
| phytochemical attributes of four conventionally extracted medicinal plants and cytotoxic evaluation of their extracts on human laryngeal carcinoma (hep2) cells. | the bioactive composition and cytotoxic and antioxidative/prooxidative effects of four medicinal plants: yarrow (achillea millefolium l.), hawthorn (crataegus oxyacantha l.), ground ivy (glechoma hederacea l.), and olive (olea europea l.) on human laryngeal carcinoma cell line (hep2) were investigated. water extracts of these plants obtained by infusion, maceration, and decoction were characterized for their polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. based on the extraction efficiency of polyp ... | 2014 | 24325458 |
| anglo-saxon pharmacopoeia revisited: a potential treasure in drug discovery. | three of the four major anglo-saxon collections reporting medicinal formulations in england from the 10th century, the old english herbarium, bald's leechbook and the lacnunga, could contain leads and insights into new medicinal uses. previous pharmacological studies of medicinal plants mentioned in anglo-saxon medical texts suggested that some were effective and led to the identification and isolation of natural compounds. for example, matricin from yarrow achillea millefolium l., is a proprion ... | 2011 | 21782968 |
| antispasmodic effects of yarrow (achillea millefolium l.) extract in the isolated ileum of rat. | achillea millefolium l. is cultivated in iran and widely used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of a. millefolium on the contraction and relaxation of isolated ileum in rat. in this experimental study, aerial parts of a. millefolium were extracted by maceration in ethanol 70% for 72 h. terminal portion of ileum in 100 male wistar rats was dissected and its contractions were recorded isotonically in ... | 2013 | 24311877 |
| the effect of hydroethanol extract of achillea millefolium on β-adrenoceptors of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle. | different pharmacological effects of achillea millefolium including its relaxant effect on smooth muscle have been shown previously. in the present study the stimulatory effect of the plant extract on β-adrenoceptor of tracheal muscle was examined in order to investigate one possible mechanism for its observed relaxant effect. effect of three concentrations of hydroethanol extract, 10 nm propranolol, and saline on β-adrenoceptor was tested in two experimental groups including; nonincubated trach ... | 2013 | 24302793 |
| evaluation of the antioxidants activities of four slovene medicinal plant species by traditional and novel biosensory assays. | we investigated the antioxidant activity of methanolic and water extracts of slovene accessions of four medicinal plant species (salvia officinalis, achillea millefolium, origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare and gentiana lutea). their free radical-scavenging activity against the dpph. free radical was studied with a spectrophotometric assay, while their biological activity with the help of a laboratory-made biosensor based on immobilized fibroblast cells (assay duration: 3 min). the observed antioxid ... | 2010 | 20541883 |
| transgenerational soil-mediated differences between plants experienced or naïve to a grass invasion. | invasive species may undergo rapid change as they invade. native species persisting in invaded areas may also experience rapid change over this short timescale relative to native populations in uninvaded areas. we investigated the response of the native achillea millefolium to soil from holcus lanatus-invaded and uninvaded areas, and we sought to determine whether differential responses between a. millefolium from invaded (invader experienced) and uninvaded (invader naïve) areas were mediated by ... | 2013 | 24198931 |
| quantification of sesquiterpene lactones in asteraceae plant extracts: evaluation of their allergenic potential. | sesquiterpene lactones (sls), mainly those with an activated exocyclic methylene group, are important allergens in asteraceae (compositae) plants. as a screening tool, the compositae mix, consisting of five asteraceae plant extracts with allergenic potential (feverfew, tansy, arnica, yarrow, and german chamomile) is part of several national patch test baseline series. however, the sl content of the compositae mix may vary due to the source material. therefore, a simple spectrophotometric method ... | 2017 | 24106675 |
| ethanol extracts of achillea millefolium and hypericum perforatum low anti-toxoplasma activity. | this study was performed to determine the lethal and the inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts of achillea millefolium (a. millefolium) and hypericum perforatum (h. perforatum) on toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) rh strain tachyzoites in vitro. | 2016 | 27280052 |
| chemical composition of wild and commercial achillea millefolium l. and bioactivity of the methanolic extract, infusion and decoction. | medicinal plants used in folk medicine are being increasingly studied and used on pharmaceutical, food and nutraceutical fields. herein, wild and commercial samples of achillea millefolium l. (yarrow) were chemically characterized with respect to their macronutrients, free sugars, organic acids, fatty acids and tocopherols. furthermore, in vitro antioxidant properties (free radicals scavenging activity, reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition) and antitumour potential (against breast, l ... | 2013 | 23993599 |
| minireview on achillea millefolium linn. | yarrow (achillea millefolium l.) is an important medicinal plant with different pharmaceutical uses. a. millefolium has been used for centuries to treat various diseases including malaria, hepatitis and jaundice. a. millefolium is commonly prescribed to treat liver disorders. it is also used as an anti-inflammatory agent and is a hepatoprotective herb. a. millefolium is considered safe for supplemental use. it has antihepatotoxic effects also. it is prescribed as an astringent agent. it is presc ... | 2013 | 23959026 |
| yarrow (achillea millefolium l. s.l.): pharmaceutical quality of commercial samples. | yarrow (achillea millefolium l. s.l.) is traditionally used against inflammatory and spasmodic gastrointestinal complaints, hepato-biliary disorders, as an appetite enhancing drug, against skin inflammations and for wound healing due to its antiphlogistic, choleretic and spasmolytic properties. the main pharmacologically active principles were shown to be the essential oil (antimicrobial), proazulenes and other sesquiterpene lactones (antiphlogistic), dicaffeoylquinic acids (choleretic) and flav ... | 2008 | 18271298 |
| comparison of capillary electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography for determination of flavonoids in achillea millefolium. | flavonoids represent an important bioactive component in achillea millefolium. the comparison of the most commonly used analytical methods for the identification and quantification of flavonoids, capillary electrophoresis (ce) and high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), is presented. the methods were optimized and validated. using a 20 mm borate buffer with 30% (v/v) of methanol (ph 9.3) in the ce analysis and a gradient elution with water-acetonitrile mobile phase in the hplc analysis, s ... | 2008 | 18164574 |
| relative densities of natural enemy and pest insects within california hedgerows. | research on hedgerow design for supporting communities of natural enemies for biological control lags behind farmer innovation in california, where assemblages of perennial plant species have been used on crop field margins in the last decade. we compared natural enemy to pest ratios between fields with hedgerows and fields with weedy margins by sampling beneficial insects and key pests of vegetables on sticky cards. we used biweekly vacuum samples to measure the distribution of key insect taxa ... | 2013 | 23905731 |
| effects of artemetin on nitric oxide release and protection against peroxidative injuries in porcine coronary artery endothelial cells. | artemetin is one of the main components of achillea millefolium l. and artemisia absinthium, which have long been used for the treatment of various diseases. to date, however, available information about protective effects of their extracts on the cardiovascular system is scarce. therefore, we planned to analyze the effects of artemetin on nitric oxide (no) release and the protection exerted against oxidation in porcine aortic endothelial (pae) cells. in pae, we examined the modulation of no rel ... | 2015 | 26032176 |
| distribution of phenolic compounds in middleeuropean taxa of the achillea millefolium l. aggregate. | achillea millefolium l. s.l. is a cytogenetically, morphologically, and chemically polymorphic aggregate. besides the sesquiterpenes that possess chemotaxonomic relevance and mediate the antiphlogistic activity, the plant contains phenolic compounds such as dicaffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids causing choleretic and spasmolytic effects. to evaluate their contribution to the chemotaxonomy of european taxa of the a. millefolium group, we developed a spe-hplc/uv method that allows quantification o ... | 2007 | 17511000 |
| mechanisms for success after long-term nutrient enrichment in a boreal forest understory. | global levels of reactive nitrogen are predicted to rise in the coming decades as a result of increased deposition from the burning of fossil fuels and the large-scale conversion of nitrogen into a useable form for agriculture. many plant communities respond strongly to increases in soil nitrogen, particularly in northern ecosystems where nitrogen levels are naturally very low. an experiment in northern canada that was initiated in 1990 has been investigating the effects of long-term nutrient en ... | 2013 | 23573298 |
| the effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of achillea millefolium on muscarinic receptors of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle. | to investigate one possible mechanism for the observed relaxant effect of a. millefolium (achillea millefolium), in the present study the inhibitory effect of the extract of this plant on muscarinic receptors was examined. | 2015 | 23543621 |
| infrared spectroscopy as a tool for chemotaxonomic investigations within the achillea millefolium group. | an ft-ir-based method for the rapid characterization and identification of achillea species was developed. with the ir spectra of the ch2cl2 extracts of a. aspleniifolia, a. collina, a. millefolium, a. millefolium ssp. sudetica, a. pannonica, a. pratensis, a. roseoalba, a. setacea, and a. styriaca, a spectrum library was created. this database allowed the identification of the respective taxa by comparison of ir spectra. moreover, information concerning dominant structural elements of sesquiterp ... | 2006 | 17193212 |
| the root herbivore history of the soil affects the productivity of a grassland plant community and determines plant response to new root herbivore attack. | insect root herbivores can alter plant community structure by affecting the competitive ability of single plants. however, their effects can be modified by the soil environment. root herbivory itself may induce changes in the soil biota community, and it has recently been shown that these changes can affect plant growth in a subsequent season or plant generation. however, so far it is not known whether these root herbivore history effects (i) are detectable at the plant community level and/or (i ... | 2013 | 23441201 |
| plant-based medicines for anxiety disorders, part 1: a review of preclinical studies. | research in the area of herbal psychopharmacology has revealed a variety of promising medicines that may provide benefit in the treatment of general anxiety and specific anxiety disorders. however, a comprehensive review of plant-based anxiolytics has been absent to date. this article (part 1) reviews herbal medicines for which only preclinical investigations for anxiolytic activity have been performed. in part 2, we review herbal medicines for which there have been clinical investigations for a ... | 2013 | 23436255 |
| in vitro estrogenic activity of achillea millefolium l. | isolation and biological characterization of pure compounds was used to identify and characterize estrogenic activity and estrogen receptors (er) preference in chemical components of achillea millefolium. this medicinal plant is used in folk medicine as an emmenagogue. in vitro assay, based on recombinant mcf-7 cells, showed estrogenic activity in a crude extract of the aerial parts of a. millefolium. after fractionation of the crude extract with increasing polar solvents, estrogenic activity wa ... | 2007 | 16860978 |
| ethnobotanical study on traditional use of medicinal plants in south-western serbia, zlatibor district. | this paper provides significant ethnobotanical information on medicinal plant uses in the zlatibor district, south-western serbia. | 2013 | 23422337 |
| variation in terpene and linear-chain hydrocarbon content in yarrow (achillea millefolium l.) germplasm from the rhaetian alps, italy. | yarrow (achillea millefolium l.) is a herbaceous species common in the alpine region of europe and used in folk medicine since antiquity. its organs are rich in monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, two subclasses of plant terpenoids with relevant ecological significance, which were reported as valuable markers for the traceability of mountain dairy products. the variability in chemical composition of yarrow germplasm may be related with its genetic diversity, accounting for possible differences in m ... | 2012 | 23081927 |
| increased plant carbon translocation linked to overyielding in grassland species mixtures. | plant species richness and productivity often show a positive relationship, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, especially at the plant species level. we examined how growing plants in species mixture influences intraspecific rates of short-term carbon (c-) translocation, and determined whether such short-term responses are reflected in biomass yields. we grew monocultures and mixtures of six common c3 grassland plant species in outdoor mesocosms, applied a (13)c-co(2) pulse ... | 2012 | 23049893 |
| context dependence in foraging behaviour of achillea millefolium. | context-dependent foraging behaviour is acknowledged and well documented for a diversity of animals and conditions. the contextual determinants of plant foraging behaviour, however, are poorly understood. plant roots encounter patchy distributions of nutrients and soil fungi. both of these features affect root form and function, but how they interact to affect foraging behaviour is unknown. we extend the use of the marginal value theorem to make predictions about the foraging behaviour of roots, ... | 2012 | 22622873 |
| water-extractable magnesium, manganese and copper in leaves and herbs of medicinal plants. | since herbal teas, infusions and decoctions prepared from medicinal plants are popular remedies, it remains a topical question whether these herbal drugs can be treated as sources of essential elements for humans, who often use them in their everyday diet. therefore, total and water-extractable contents of mg, mn and cu were determined in 41 leaves originating from four botanical species of plantago lanceolata, arctostaphyllos uva-ursi, rubus fruticosus and betula sp., as well as in 33 samples o ... | 2013 | 22574504 |
| [phytochemical investigations regarding the flavonoidic compounds of some species belonging to the achillea millefolium l. group]. | in this study a qualitative and quantitative analysis of flavonoids from flower heads of achillea species belonging to the a. millefolium l. group was achieved. rutin, apigenin-7-o-glucoside, luteolin-7-o-glucoside in the methanolic extract of a. collina j. becker ex reichenb., a. pratensis saukel et langer, a. millefolium l. were determined by comparison of their rf-tlc data with those obtained from reference flavonoids. apart from flavonoid glycosides, the free aglycones, apigenin and luteolin ... | 2011 | 15688780 |
| rapid plant identification using species- and group-specific primers targeting chloroplast dna. | plant identification is challenging when no morphologically assignable parts are available. there is a lack of broadly applicable methods for identifying plants in this situation, for example when roots grow in mixture and for decayed or semi-digested plant material. these difficulties have also impeded the progress made in ecological disciplines such as soil- and trophic ecology. here, a pcr-based approach is presented which allows identifying a variety of plant taxa commonly occurring in centr ... | 2012 | 22253728 |
| nuclear and plastid haplotypes suggest rapid diploid and polyploid speciation in the n hemisphere achillea millefolium complex (asteraceae). | species complexes or aggregates consist of a set of closely related species often of different ploidy levels, whose relationships are difficult to reconstruct. the n hemisphere achillea millefolium aggregate exhibits complex morphological and genetic variation and a broad ecological amplitude. to understand its evolutionary history, we study sequence variation at two nuclear genes and three plastid loci across the natural distribution of this species complex and compare the patterns of such vari ... | 2012 | 22214230 |
| [complementary medicine. achillea millefolium]. | | 2004 | 15233571 |
| [pharmacognostic research of some species of achillea. note 1. volatile oils analysis]. | we established the hydrodistilled essential oil yields from the dried flower heads of a. collina j. becker ex reichenb. (collected in austria and romanina), a. millefolium l. (s.l.) (romania) and of three mixtures of some species belonging to the achillea millefolium l. group. constitutents of the essential oils were studied by gc method. the main components of the monoterpene fraction of the oils were 1.8 cineol, camphor, and borneol. the main active principle of the volatile oil, chamazulene, ... | 2011 | 14755993 |
| [microbial carbon utilization in rhizosphere soils of secondary plants in earthquake fault zone of xinjiang]. | by using biolog technique, this paper studied the microbial carbon utilization in the rhizosphere soils of six kinds of secondary plants in fuyun earthquake fault zone of xinjiang. most of the rhizosphere soils had significantly higher nutrient contents, and all of them had a higher awcd, as compared with the control. there was a distinct difference in the awcd among the six rhizosphere soils. secondary plants less affected the richness but changed the dominance and evenness of the microbial car ... | 2011 | 22126039 |
| achillinin a, a cytotoxic guaianolide from the flower of yarrow, achillea millefolium. | achillinin a (2β,3β-epoxy-1α,4β,10α-trihydroxyguai-11(13)-en-12,6α-olide, 1), a new guaianolide isolated from the flower of achillea millefolium, exhibited potential antiproliferative activity to a549, rerf-lc-kj and qg-90 cells with 50% inhibitory concentration (ic(50)) values of 5.8, 10 and 0.31 µm, respectively. | 2011 | 21821943 |
| determination of the hydroxycinnamate profile of 12 members of the asteraceae family. | the hydroxycinnamates of the leaves of 12 plants of the astreraceae family, achillea millefolium, arnica montana, artemesia dracunculus, cichorium intybus, cnicus benedictus, cynara scolymus, echinops humilis, inula helenium, lactuca sativa, petasites hybridus, solidago virgaurea, and tanacetum parthenium were investigated qualitatively by lc-ms(n). thirty-nine chlorogenic acids were detected and all characterized to regioisomeric level on the basis of their fragmentation pattern in the tandem m ... | 2011 | 21453943 |
| neural correlates of behavioural olfactory sensitivity changes seasonally in european starlings. | possibly due to the small size of the olfactory bulb (ob) as compared to rodents, it was generally believed that songbirds lack a well-developed sense of smell. this belief was recently revised by several studies showing that various bird species, including passerines, use olfaction in many respects of life. during courtship and nest building, male european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) incorporate aromatic herbs that are rich in volatile compounds (e.g., milfoil, achillea millefolium) into the n ... | 2010 | 21179464 |
| allopolyploid speciation and ongoing backcrossing between diploid progenitor and tetraploid progeny lineages in the achillea millefolium species complex: analyses of single-copy nuclear genes and genomic aflp. | in the flowering plants, many polyploid species complexes display evolutionary radiation. this could be facilitated by gene flow between otherwise separate evolutionary lineages in contact zones. achillea collina is a widespread tetraploid species within the achillea millefolium polyploid complex (asteraceae-anthemideae). it is morphologically intermediate between the relic diploids, a. setacea-2x in xeric and a. asplenifolia-2x in humid habitats, and often grows in close contact with either of ... | 2010 | 20388203 |
| investigation of contribution of individual constituents to antioxidant activity in herbal drugs using postcolumn hplc method. | the most important attention is paid to the search of natural antioxidants and their evaluation in medicinal and food raw materials of plant origin. a number of plants, their extracts, food products, and medicinal preparations appear to be the objects of scientific research. effectiveness and informative character of research, undoubtedly, depend on relevance, sensitivity, and efficiency of the methods chosen. the aim of this work was to develop and validate the postcolumn high-performance liqui ... | 2009 | 19535885 |
| invasive plant architecture alters trophic interactions by changing predator abundance and behavior. | as primary producers, plants are known to influence higher trophic interactions by initiating food chains. however, as architects, plants may bypass consumers to directly affect predators with important but underappreciated trophic ramifications. invasion of western north american grasslands by the perennial forb, spotted knapweed (centaurea maculosa), has fundamentally altered the architecture of native grassland vegetation. here, i use long-term monitoring, observational studies, and field exp ... | 2009 | 19082630 |
| t-lymphocyte cytokine profiles in compositae airborne dermatitis. | compositae airborne dermatitis is a well-recognized disorder characterized by erythematosquamous lesions and papules on light-exposed areas. the presence of positive patch test reactions and the absence of specific serum ige suggest delayed-type hypersensitivity, the murine model of which is characterized by a th1 cytokine production profile [high amounts of interferon (ifn)-gamma and interleukin (il)-2; little or no il-4 and il-5]. the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytokine profile of t ... | 1999 | 10583117 |
| variability of phenolic compounds in flowers of achillea millefolium wild populations in lithuania. | achillea millefolium l. sensu lato (yarrow) is the best-known species of the genus achillea due to numerous medicinal applications both in folk and conventional medicine. phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and phenol carbonic acids are present in yarrow and constitute one of the most important groups of pharmacologically active substances. in the present study, yarrow flowers gathered from native populations in different locations of lithuania were analyzed for phenolic compound composition. ... | 2008 | 19001835 |
| resource competition and suppression of plants colonizing early successional old fields. | early colonizing annual plants are rapidly suppressed in secondary succession on fertile midwestern old fields, while later colonizing perennials persist. differences in competitive ability for above- and belowground resources may be partly responsible for differences in species persistence during succession, as both light and nutrient availability may change rapidly. we found that, although both above- and belowground competition suppress growth of colonizing plants, belowground competition was ... | 1999 | 20135162 |
| efficacy of plant extracts and oils as mosquito repellents. | some natural products, extract of achillea millefolium (yarrow), birch/pine tar-, citronella-, clove-, eucalyptus-, geranium-, lavender-, lily of the valley- and peppermint oils have been tested for repellency in the laboratory against aedes aegypti and in the field predominantly against aedes communis and a. cinereus. the laboratory tests showed that yarrow extract exhibited a similar repellency as the reference substances n,n-diethyl-m-toluamide and n,n-diethyl-mandelic acid amide. a good repe ... | 1998 | 23195905 |
| investigation on bioavailability of some essential and toxic elements in medicinal herbs. | trace and major elements were determined in medicinal herbs (cynara scolymus, matricaria chamomilla, artemisia absinthium l., achillea millefolium, and inula britannica) as well as in rhizosphere soil samples. based on the results obtained after microwave-acid-assisted digestion (nitric acid + hydrogen peroxide) and single-step extraction (ammonium acetate), the real and potential acidity and redox potential of the soils, uptake, mobility, and bioavailability of potassium, calcium, magnesium, ir ... | 2008 | 18408895 |
| genotoxicity testing of different types of beverages in the drosophila wing somatic mutation and recombination test. | five wines and one brandy of spanish origin as well as three herbal teas and ordinary black tea were tested for genotoxicity in the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (smart) which makes use of the two recessive wing cell markers multiple wing hairs (mwh) and flare (flr3) on the left arm of chromosome 3 of drosophila melanogaster. 3-day-old larvae trans-heterozygous for these two markers were fed the beverages at different concentrations and for different feeding periods using drosophi ... | 1994 | 8206441 |
| inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by extracts and constituents from angelica archangelica and geranium sylvaticum. | the aim of this study was to explore the acetylcholinesterase (ache) inhibition of several icelandic medicinal herbs. ethanolic extracts of angelica archangelica seeds and the aerial parts of geranium sylvaticum proved effective, with ic50 values of 2.20 mg/ml and 3.56 mg/ml, respectively. the activity of imperatorin and xanthotoxin from a. archangelica was measured. xanthotoxin proved much more potent than imperatorin, with an ic50 value of 155 microg/ml (0.72 mm) but that for imperatorin was a ... | 2014 | 18069242 |
| rapid adaptive divergence in new world achillea, an autopolyploid complex of ecological races. | adaptive evolution is often associated with speciation. in plants, however, ecotypic differentiation is common within widespread species, suggesting that climatic and edaphic specialization can outpace cladogenesis and the evolution of postzygotic reproductive isolation. we used cpdna sequence (5 noncoding regions, 3.5 kb) and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps: 4 primer pairs, 1,013 loci) to evaluate the history of ecological differentiation in the north american achillea millefoliu ... | 2008 | 18039326 |
| [peroxides as plant constituents. 8. guaianolide-peroxides from yarrow,achillea millefolium l., a soluble component causing yarrow dermatitis]. | from the ether extract of the blossoms of yarrow, achillea millefolium l., two guaianolides (1, 2) with a peroxide bridged cyclopentane ring and an alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone structure have been isolated. for these compounds the names alpha-peroxyachifolid (1) and beta-peroxyisoachifolid (2) are proposed. 1 is responsible for the allergic contact dermatitis caused by yarrow. | 1991 | 1815484 |
| [sesquiterpenelactones of achillea setacea with antiphlogistic activity]. | from the aerial parts of achillea setacea w. & k. (asteraceae) the main sesquiterpenes were isolated. their structures were determined by means of 2d-nmr and ms as 11,13-dehydrodeacetylmatricarin (1) (= 14-deoxylactucin), rupicolin a (2), and rupicolin b (3). these are the first compounds with an alpha-methylene-gamma-lactone structure isolated from a species belonging to the achillea millefolium aggregate. achillicin, achillin, 8-hydroxyachillin, 8-acetoxyachillin, and matricin could not be det ... | 1991 | 1798798 |
| achillea millefolium l. essential oil inhibits lps-induced oxidative stress and nitric oxide production in raw 264.7 macrophages. | achillea millefolium l. is a member of the asteraceae family and has been used in folk medicine in many countries. in this study, 19 compounds in a. millefolium essential oil (am-eo) have been identified; the major components are artemisia ketone (14.92%), camphor (11.64%), linalyl acetate (11.51%) and 1,8-cineole (10.15%). am-eo can suppress the inflammatory responses of lipopolysaccharides (lps)-stimulated raw 264.7 macrophages, including decreased levels of cellular nitric oxide (no) and supe ... | 2013 | 23797659 |
| studies on the origin of (-)-alpha-bisabolol and chamazulene in chamomile preparations; part i. investigations by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (irms). | irms was used to determine the delta (13)c-and deltad-values of dried plant material and essential oil fractions of chamomilla recutita and vanillosmopsis erythropappa and of isolated components thereof. both plants turned out to follow the same c (3) photosynthetic pathway. the carbon isotope ratios ( delta (13)c-values) of chamomile-derived bisabolol ranged from -32 per thousando to -30 per thousand; the corresponding deltad-values varied between -240 per thousand and -205 per thousand. vanill ... | 1990 | 17221447 |
| effect of cadmium on germination, growth and active principle contents of achillea millefolium l. | the effects on germination, growth and active principle contents of achillea millefolium l. of an increase of cadmium concentration in soil and in atmosphere were investigated. soil pollution reduced germination and growth. no significant differences were found in glc analysis of all plants extracts. | 1988 | 3247344 |
| [study of azulen in 3 subspecies of achillea millefolium l]. | | 1988 | 3214101 |
| involvement of bradykinin and prostaglandins in the diuretic effects of achillea millefolium l. (asteraceae). | achillea millefolium l. (asteraceae), popularly known as "mil-folhas", is well recognized and widely used in brazilian folk medicine to treat heart and kidney disorders. among its popularly described effects are diuretic and hypotensive actions. | 2013 | 23791807 |
| growth and landscape performance of ten herbaceous species in response to saline water irrigation. | ten herbaceous perennials and groundcovers were grown in raised beds from june to september in a dry, hot desert environment and micro-spray drip irrigated with synthesized saline solutions at electrical conductivity of 0.8 (tap water), 3.2, or 5.4 ds/m. plant height and two perpendicular widths were recorded monthly to calculate the growth index. landscape performance was assessed monthly by visual scores. salinity did not affect the visual scores in achillea millefolium l., gaillardia aristata ... | 2007 | 20585473 |
| uptake of 2,4-d in higher plants from artificial rain. | sinapis alba l., lapsana communis l., achillea millefolium l., brassica napus l., lactuca sativa l., and lycopersicum esculentum l. were exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenoxy [2-14c]acetic acid (2,4-d) at 10 micrograms liter-1 in artificial rain, ph 6.5 and 3.3. the 2,4-d was absorbed in all species tested. concentrations of parent 2,4-d appeared at the highest level in achillea (0.1 mg kg-1 dry wt), and at zero level in lycopersicum. twenty-one daily treatments at ph 6.5 for 30-min periods increased d ... | 1984 | 6428858 |
| phytochemical analysis of the essential oil of achillea millefolium l. from various european countries. | variations in the essential oil composition of achillea millefolium l. growing in estonia and in other european countries, were determined. the oils were obtained in yields of 0.9-9.5 ml kg-1. a total of 102 components were identified. the quantitatively most important components of yarrow were sabinene, beta-pinene, 1,8-cineole, artemisia ketone, linalool, alpha-thujone, beta-thujone, camphor, borneol, fenchyl acetate, bornyl acetate, (e)-beta-caryophyllene, germacrene d, caryophyllene oxide, b ... | 2006 | 17127661 |
| molecular analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonising a semi-natural grassland along a fertilisation gradient. | the community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) colonizing the roots of festuca pratensis and achillea millefolium was characterized in a swedish pasture at different times, along a gradient of fertilization. the small subunit ribosomal rna gene was subjected to pcr and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge), sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. the sequences found in this study clustered in 10 discrete sequence groups, seven belonging to glomus, two to scutellospora and one to dive ... | 2006 | 16945098 |
| [incorporation of radioactivity from 2-cl4 na-acetate into the volatile oil of achillea millefolium l. biosynthesis of certain terpene components]. | | 1977 | 920193 |
| isolation and identification of three new flavones from achillea millefolium l. | column chromatography on silica gel of a petroleum ether extract of the flowering heads of achillea millefolium l. allowed three flavones to be separated and identified. spectral studies (pmr, mass spectrometry, and uv) and a comparison with data for compounds reported in the literature established the flavones as 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone, artemetin, and casticin. these compounds have not been reported previously as constituents of a. millefolium. | 1975 | 1195115 |
| thin layer and gas-chromatographic studies on the essential oil from achillea millefolium. | | 1975 | 1161905 |
| the constituents of the essential oil from achillea millefolium l. | | 1974 | 4449407 |
| evaluation of extracts and oils of mosquito (diptera: culicidae) repellent plants from sweden and guinea-bissau. | in laboratory tests, ethyl acetate extracts of hyptis suaveolens poit. from guinea-bissau and rhododendon tomentosum (stokes) h. harmaja (formerly ledum palustre l.) and myrica gale l. significantly reduced probing activity of aedes aegypti (l.). in the field in southern sweden, extracts of leaves of r. tomentosum, m. gale, and achillea millefolium l. significantly reduced biting by aedes mosquitoes. volatile compounds from m. gale, r. tomentosum, a. millefolium, and h. suaveolens were collected ... | 2006 | 16506457 |
| the efficacy of liv-52 on liver cirrhotic patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled first approach. | cirrhosis is the irreversible sequel of various disorders that damage liver cells permanently over time. presently, the use of herbal medicines for prevention and control of chronic liver diseases is in the focus of attention for both the physicians and the patients; the reasons for such shift toward the use of herbals include the expensive cost of conventional drugs, adverse drug reactions, and their inefficacy. in the present study, the efficacy of herbal medicine liv-52 (consisting of mandur ... | 2005 | 16194047 |
| isolation of the anti-inflammatory principles from achillea millefolium (compositae). | | 1969 | 4310133 |
| gas chromatographic analysis of the essential oil from achillea millefolium l. | | 1968 | 5708362 |
| [achillea collina becker--a proazulene containing taxon from achillea millefolium l.s.l]. | | 1968 | 5703899 |