| toward the reconstitution of a two-enzyme cascade for resveratrol synthesis on potyvirus particles. | the highly ordered protein backbone of virus particles makes them attractive candidates for use as enzyme nano-carriers (encs). we have previously developed a non-covalent and versatile approach for adhesion of enzymes to virus particles. this approach makes use of z33, a peptide derived from the b-domain of staphylococcus aureus protein a, which binds to the fc domain of many immunoglobulins. we have demonstrated that with specific antibodies addressed against the viral capsid proteins (cps) an ... | 2016 | 26904061 |
| potyviral vpg enhances viral rna translation and inhibits reporter mrna translation in planta. | viral protein genome-linked (vpg) plays a central role in several stages of potyvirus infection. this study sought to answer questions about the role of potato virus a (pva; genus potyvirus) vpg in viral and host rna expression. when expressed in nicotiana benthamiana leaves in trans, a dual role of vpg in translation is observed. it repressed the expression of monocistronic luciferase (luc) mrna and simultaneously induced a significant upregulation in the expression of both replicating and nonr ... | 2011 | 21697470 |
| Resistance to multiple viruses in transgenic tobacco expressing fused, tandem repeat, virus-derived double-stranded RNAs. | Transgenic tobacco plants expressing fused, tandem, inverted-repeat, double-stranded RNAs derived either from the three viruses [potato virus Y (PVY), potato virus A (PVA), and potato leafroll virus (PLRV)] or the five viruses [PVY, PVA, PLRV as well as tobacco rattle virus (TRV), and potato mop-top virus (PMTV)] were generated in this study to examine whether resistance could be achieved against these three viruses or five viruses, respectively, in the same plant. The transgenic lines were engi ... | 2011 | 21853332 |
| the xxiiird phage/virus assembly meeting. | the xxiiird phage/virus assembly (pva) meeting returned to its birthplace in lake arrowhead, ca on september 8-13, 2013 (fig. 1). the original meeting occurred in 1968, organized by bob edgar (caltech, pasadena, ca usa), fred eiserling (university of california, los angeles, los angeles, ca usa) and bill wood (caltech, pasadena, ca usa). the organizers of the 2013 meeting were bill gelbart (university of california, los angeles, los angeles, ca usa) and jack johnson (scripps research institute, ... | 0 | 24498537 |
| multiarray on a test strip (mats): rapid multiplex immunodetection of priority potato pathogens. | multiarray on a test strip (mats) was developed for the detection of eight important potato pathogens. the proposed assay combines the rapidity of immunochromatography with the high throughput of array techniques. the test zone of the immunochromatographic strip comprises ordered rows of spots containing antibodies specific for different potato pathogens. the assay benefits from the simplicity of immunochromatography; colored immune complexes form at the corresponding spots within the test zone. ... | 2016 | 27007732 |
| genome sequence of a virus isolate from tamarillo (solanum betaceum) in colombia: evidence for a new potyvirus. | based on the results of a deep sequencing transcriptome study of tamarillo (solanum betaceum), we report the genome sequence of a virus from this host plant. since this probably represents a new member of the genus potyvirus, the name tamarillo leaf malformation virus (talmv) has been proposed. phylogenetic analysis reveals that talmv is the closest relative of colombian datura virus (cdv), followed by three other potyviruses: tobacco etch virus, potato virus a and tobacco vein mottling virus. t ... | 2015 | 25466572 |
| extrahepatic portal vein aneurysm after orthotopic liver transplantation: a case with 9-year ultrasound observations. | we report a case of extrahepatic portal vein aneurysm (pva) in the late postoperative period after orthotopic liver transplantation (olt). a 46-year-old man underwent olt in 2001 for treatment of hepatitis b virus-induced cirrhosis and received ultrasound follow-up for 9 years. the long-term ultrasound observations showed that the diameter of the main portal vein had progressively increased from 12 mm in 2001 to 34 mm in 2007, and then remained at 34 mm from 2007 to 2010. the patient did not sho ... | 2012 | 27279116 |
| biodegradable film for the targeted delivery of sirna-loaded nanoparticles to vaginal immune cells. | the goal of this study was to develop and characterize a novel intravaginal film platform for targeted delivery of small interfering rna (sirna)-loaded nanoparticles (np) to dendritic cells as a potential gene therapy for the prevention of sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. poly(ethylene glycol) (peg)-functionalized poly(d, l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (plga)/polyethylenimine (pei)/sirna np (sirna-np) were fabricated using a modified emulsion-solvent evaporation met ... | 2015 | 26099315 |
| erratum: the effects of high temperature on infection by potato virus y, potato virus a, and potato leafroll virus. | [this corrects the article on p. 321 in vol. 32, pmid: 27493607.]. | 2017 | 28167894 |
| formation of potato virus a-induced rna granules and viral translation are interrelated processes required for optimal virus accumulation. | rna granules are cellular structures, which play an important role in mrna translation, storage, and degradation. animal (+)rna viruses often co-opt rna granule proteins for viral reproduction. however, the role of rna granules in plant viral infections is poorly understood. here we use potato virus a (pva) as a model potyvirus and demonstrate that the helper component-proteinase (hcpro), the potyviral suppressor of rna silencing, induces the formation of rna granules. we used confocal microscop ... | 2015 | 26641460 |
| coat protein regulation by ck2, cpip, hsp70, and chip is required for potato virus a replication and coat protein accumulation. | we demonstrate here that both coat protein (cp) phosphorylation by protein kinase ck2 and a chaperone system formed by two heat shock proteins, cp-interacting protein (cpip) and heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), are essential for potato virus a (pva; genus potyvirus) replication and that all these host proteins have the capacity to contribute to the level of pva cp accumulation. an e3 ubiquitin ligase called carboxyl terminus hsc70-interacting protein (chip), which may participate in the cpip-hsp70 ... | 2017 | 27852853 |
| ribosomal protein p0 promotes potato virus a infection and functions in viral translation together with vpg and eif(iso)4e. | we report here that the acidic ribosomal protein p0 is a component of the membrane-associated potato virus a (pva) ribonucleoprotein complex. as a constituent of the ribosomal stalk, p0 functions in translation. although the ribosomal stalk proteins p0, p1, p2, and p3 are all important for pva infection, p0 appears to have a distinct role from those of the other stalk proteins in infection. our results indicate that p0 also regulates viral rna functions as an extraribosomal protein. we reported ... | 2013 | 23365448 |
| molecular characterization of a chinese isolate of potato virus a (pva) and evidence of a genome recombination event between pva variants at the 3'-proximal end of the genome. | potato plants that exhibited mosaic symptoms were collected in xiangxi, hunan province, china. multiplex rt-pcr screening for common viruses revealed the presence of potato virus a (pva) in these samples. elisa with virus-specific antibodies confirmed infection by pva in the plants. rod-shaped virions of ~750 nm in length and ~13 nm in width were observed by transmission electron microscopy. one virus isolate (designated pva-hunan) was subjected to molecular characterization. the viral genome co ... | 2014 | 24722969 |
| protein composition of 6k2-induced membrane structures formed during potato virus a infection. | the definition of the precise molecular composition of membranous replication compartments is a key to understanding the mechanisms of virus multiplication. here, we set out to investigate the protein composition of the potyviral replication complexes. we purified the potyviral 6k2 protein-induced membranous structures from potato virus a (pva)-infected nicotiana benthamiana plants. for this purpose, the 6k2 protein, which is the main inducer of potyviral membrane rearrangements, was expressed i ... | 2016 | 26574906 |
| improved silencing suppression and enhanced heterologous protein expression are achieved using an engineered viral helper component proteinase. | rna silencing limits transient expression of heterologous proteins in plants. co-expression of viral silencing suppressor proteins can increase and prolong protein expression, but highly efficient silencing suppressors may stress plant tissue and be detrimental to protein yields. little is known whether silencing suppression could be improved without harm to plant tissues. this study reports development of enhanced silencing suppressors by engineering the helper component proteinase (hcpro) of p ... | 2013 | 23933077 |
| partially disordered structure in intravirus coat protein of potyvirus potato virus a. | potyviruses represent the most biologically successful group of plant viruses, but to our knowledge, this work is the first detailed study of physicochemical characteristics of potyvirus virions. we measured the uv absorption, far and near uv circular dichroism spectra, intrinsic fluorescence spectra, and differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) melting curves of intact particles of a potato virus a (pva). pva virions proved to have a peculiar combination of physicochemical properties. the intrav ... | 2013 | 23844104 |
| mutation of a short variable region in hcpro protein of potato virus a affects interactions with a microtubule-associated protein and induces necrotic responses in tobacco. | helper component proteinase (hcpro) is a multifunctional protein of potyviruses (genus potyvirus). hcpro of potato virus a (pva) interacts with the microtubule-associated protein hip2 in host cells, and depletion of hip2 reduces virus accumulation. this study shows that hcpro of potato virus y and tobacco etch virus also interact with hip2. the c-proximal portion of pva hcpro determines the interaction with hip2 and was found to contain a stretch of six residues comprising a highly variable regi ... | 2013 | 23514111 |
| interaction of the microtubule-associated host protein hip2 with viral helper component proteinase is important in infection with potato virus a. | microtubules (mt) outline and maintain the overall shape of cells and can reorganize cellular membranes to serve as sites of rna virus replication. here, we provide data on involvement of an mt-associated protein in infection of plants with a potyvirus, potato virus a (pva), representing the largest family of plant-infecting rna viruses. our results showed that helper-component proteinase (hcpro)-interacting protein 2 (hip2) of potato (solanum tuberosum) is an mt-associated protein similar to ar ... | 2013 | 23489059 |
| cap analog and potato virus a hc-pro silencing suppressor improve gfp transient expression using an infectious virus vector in nicotiana benthamiana. | transient expression of proteins in plants has become a choice to facilitate recombinant protein production with its fast and easy application. on the other hand, host defensive mechanisms have been reported to reduce the efficiency of transient expression in plants. hence, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of cap analog and potato virus a helper component proteinase (pva hc-pro) on green fluorescent protein (gfp) expression efficiency. n. benthamiana leaves were inoculated with cap ... | 2017 | 28775990 |
| differential requirement of the ribosomal protein s6 and ribosomal protein s6 kinase for plant-virus accumulation and interaction of s6 kinase with potyviral vpg. | ribosomal protein s6 (rps6) is an indispensable plant protein regulated, in part, by ribosomal protein s6 kinase (s6k) which, in turn, is a key regulator of plant responses to stresses and developmental cues. increased expression of rps6 was detected in nicotiana benthamiana during infection by diverse plant viruses. silencing of the rps6 and s6k genes in n. benthamiana affected accumulation of cucumber mosaic virus, turnip mosaic virus (tumv), and potato virus a (pva) in contrast to turnip crin ... | 2017 | 28437137 |
| the effects of high temperature on infection by potato virus y, potato virus a, and potato leafroll virus. | we examined the effects of temperature on acquisition of potato virus y-o (pvy-o), potato virus a (pva), and potato leafroll virus (plrv) by myzus persicae by performing transmission tests with aphids that acquired each virus at different temperatures. infection by pvy-o/pva and plrv increased with increasing plant temperature in nicotiana benthamiana and physalis floridana, respectively, after being transmitted by aphids that acquired them within a temperature range of 10-20°c. however, infecti ... | 2016 | 27493607 |
| detection of multiple potato viruses in the field suggests synergistic interactions among potato viruses in pakistan. | viral diseases have been a major limiting factor threating sustainable potato (solanum tuberosum l.) production in pakistan. surveys were conducted to serologically quantify the incidence of rna viruses infecting potato; potato virus x (pvx), potato virus y (pvy), potato virus s (pvs), potato virus a (pva), potato virus m (pvm) and potato leaf roll virus (plrv) in two major potato cultivars (desiree and cardinal). the results suggest the prevalence of multiple viruses in all surveyed areas with ... | 2014 | 25506305 |
| engineered resistance in potato against potato leafroll virus, potato virus a and potato virus y. | transgenic potato plants of solanum tuberosum cultivar vales sovereign were generated that expressed fused, tandem, 200 bp segments derived from the capsid protein coding sequences of potato virus y (pvy strain o) and potato leafroll virus (plrv), as well as the cylindrical inclusion body coding sequences of potato virus a (pva), as inverted repeat double-stranded rnas, separated by an intron. the orientation of the expressed double-stranded rnas was either sense-intron-antisense or antisense-in ... | 2013 | 23526159 |
| viruses of potato. | potatoes are an important crop in mediterranean countries both for local consumption and for export to other countries, mainly during the winter. many mediterranean countries import certified seed potato in addition to their own seed production. the local seeds are mainly used for planting in the autumn and winter, while the imported seed are used for early and late spring plantings. potato virus y is the most important virus in mediterranean countries, present mainly in the autumn plantings. th ... | 2012 | 22682169 |
| isolated potato virus a coat protein possesses unusual properties and forms different short virus-like particles. | in our previous study, we have observed that the isolated coat proteins (cp) of the potyvirus potato virus a (pva) virions exhibit an intrinsic tendency to self-associate into various multimeric forms containing some fractions of cross-β-structure. in this report, we studied the effect of solution conditions on the structure and dissociation of isolated pva cp using a number of complementary physicochemical methods. analysis of the structure of pva cp in solution was performed by limited proteol ... | 2017 | 28537193 |
| heating-induced transition of potyvirus potato virus a coat protein into β-structure. | in our previous communication, we have reported that virions of plant potyvirus potato virus a (pva) have a peculiar structure characterized by high content of disordered regions in intravirus coat protein (cp). in this report, we describe unusual properties of the pva cp. with the help of a number of physicochemical methods, we have observed that the pva cp just released from the virions by heating at 60-70 °c undergoes association into oligomers and transition to β- (and even cross-β-) conform ... | 2016 | 25851284 |
| cotranslational coat protein-mediated inhibition of potyviral rna translation. | potato virus a (pva) is a single-stranded positive-sense rna virus and a member of the family potyviridae. the pva coat protein (cp) has an intrinsic capacity to self-assemble into filamentous virus-like particles, but the mechanism responsible for the initiation of viral rna encapsidation in vivo remains unclear. apart from virion assembly, pva cp is also involved in the inhibition of viral rna translation. in this study, we show that cp inhibits pva rna translation in a dose-dependent manner, ... | 2015 | 25631087 |
| silencing suppressor protein vpg of a potyvirus interacts with the plant silencing-related protein sgs3. | viral genome-linked protein (vpg) of potyviruses is involved in multiple steps of the potyvirus infection cycle, including viral multiplication and movement in plants. recently, we showed that vpg of potato virus a (pva; genus potyvirus) suppresses sense-mediated rna silencing, which is linked to one or both nuclear or nucleolar localization. here, we studied interactions between vpg and components of the plant rna silencing pathway. results showed that vpg interacts with the sgs3 protein of sol ... | 2014 | 25099340 |
| abiotic stress responses promote potato virus a infection in nicotiana benthamiana. | the effect of abiotic stress responses on potato virus a (pva; genus potyvirus) infection was studied. salt, osmotic and wounding stress all increased pva gene expression in infected nicotiana benthamiana leaves. according to the literature, an early response to these stresses is an elevation in cytosolic ca(2+) concentration. the infiltration of 0.1 m cacl(2) into the infected leaf area enhanced the translation of pva rna, and this ca(2+) -induced effect was more profound than that induced sole ... | 2012 | 22340188 |
| inheritance of resistance to potato viruses y and a in progeny obtained from potato cultivars containing gene ry:evidence for a new gene for extreme resistance to pva. | extreme resistance in cultivated potato (solanum tuberosum) to potato viruses y and a (pvy and pva) conditioned by the presence of ry genes introduced from solanum stoloniferum was described by cockerham (1970). cockerham detailed a number of genes which controlled a variety of reactions, including extreme resistance to both viruses (i.e. little or no visible reaction of plants and no viral replication following graft and manual inoculation) controlled by gene ry sto. in the present study, cvs ' ... | 1996 | 24162398 |