| administration of human interferon to rabies virus-infected monkeys after exposure. | the treatment of rabies-infected cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) with human interferon after exposure was studied. the monkeys were infected with rabies street virus by the intramuscular route; larger than or equal to 24 hr after infection, human interferon was administered intramuscularly or by lumbar spinal injection into the cerebrospinal fluid. whereas 90% of the infected untreated monkeys died, 40%-80% of animals treated with interferon survived. no or only low levels of neutralizi ... | 1977 | 404370 |
| rabies virus glycoprotein. ii. biological and serological characterization. | purified rabies virus glycoprotein (g) was shown by complement fixation and immunodiffusion tests to be a second distinct antigen of the virus. it it the only structural protein of the virus that induces the formation of virus-neutralizing antibodies and which confers immunity to animals. when the g protein is taken as antigen, the complement fixation test can be used for the assay of virus-neutralizing antibodies. the total protective activity of the virus was recovered in the purified g protei ... | 1977 | 408269 |
| successful prophylaxis against rabies in mice and rhesus monkeys: the interferon system and vaccine. | addition of interferon to ineffective rabies virus vaccines by the local injection of either exogenous interferon or a potent interferon inducer (a complex of polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid containing poly-l-lysine and carboxymethylcellulose) into the footpads of mice previously challenged with rabies virus dramatically reduced the mortality rate. a significant reduction in mortality rate was also noted when the interferon system was administered to rhesus monkeys, but only when treatme ... | 1977 | 408427 |
| [antigenic activity of a concentrated and purified cultured antirabies vaccine from the vnukovo-32-107 strain]. | humoral response (virus-neutralizing antibody production) to immunization with inactivated 30-fold concentrated and purified tissue culture rabies vaccine was studied in monkeys and human volunteers. two doses of the preparation spaced 20 days apart and given intramuscularly or intradermally to monkeys induced in them much more intensive antibody production (4--213-fold by titer) than 6 daily injections of unconcentrated vaccine. in 10 human volunteers immunized with 1.5 ml doses of the concentr ... | 1977 | 412324 |
| enhanced cytotoxicity of human lymphocytes against rabies-infected cells by rabies-specific antibodies. | human anti-rabies immune sera enhanced the in vitro cytotoxicity of human lymphocytes against rabies virus-infected green-monkey kidney cells. the immune sera were collected from patients immunized with rabies vaccine produced either in human diploid cells or in nervous tissue. significant cytotoxicity was observed even with high serum dilutions, indicating that the k-cell assay might be a sensitive tool for detection of anti-rabies antibodies. | 1977 | 413187 |
| [evaluation of cellular immunity after rabies vaccination in man]. | the peripheral lymphocytes of vaccinated men were stimulated by homologous antigen or its subunits (nucleocapsid and glycoprotein) or by some parent viruses (mokola and lagos). all subjects produced a high level of antibody. a difference was noted between the two types of immunity. a lack of cell-mediated immunity could explain the very few failures in pasteur antirabies treatment. | 1977 | 413656 |
| [the importance of interferon for rabies prophylaxis (author's transl)]. | the importance of interferon for the prophylaxis of rabies is not yet fully understood. about 50% of cynomolgus monkeys infected with rabies virus could be protected from the disease with human interferon which was administered at a total dose of 1--10 million units per animal either intramuscularly 24 hours after infection or by intralumbar injection up to 11 days after. the clinical relevance of the findings is discussed. | 1978 | 417241 |
| [pathomorphological characteristics of the experimental infection in animals infected with viruses of the rabies antigenic group]. | comparison of pathomorphological lesions in the brains of white mice inoculated with viruses isolated in africa from shrews, in america from bats, in czechoslovakia from rodents (6 strains) and classified into the rabies group, with those observed in the same animal species infected with street rabies virus and virus of human acute encephalomyelitis (hae) established the peculiar features of the reactive processes distinguishing these infections from each other. in contrast to the reactions afte ... | 1979 | 419743 |
| [serological method of detecting antirabies antibodies]. | the possibility of the determination of rabies antibodies by the serological method has been demonstrated, involving the use of culture rabies virus, strain vnukovo-32, concentrated and purified by high speed centrifugation, for the sensitization of anserine erythrocytes. the neutralization test in mice and the passive hemagglutination test showed a correlation in rabies antibody titers in the sera of animlas immunized with rabies vaccines. the advantages of the passive hemagglutination test con ... | 1979 | 419912 |
| a review of non-bite transmission of rabies virus infection. | | 1979 | 427522 |
| experimental oral and nasal transmission of rabies virus in mice. | weanling female white swiss mice were exposed to challenge virus standard rabies virus and street virus isolates from various domestic and wild animals. virus was given free choice as suspension or as infected mouse brain by stomach tube, by single injection of suspension into the oral cavity of unanesthetized mice, by repeated injection into the oral cavity of anesthetized mice and by single application to the external nares of anesthetized mice. challenge virus standard virus in mouse brain su ... | 1979 | 427634 |
| human antirabies treatment in the united states, 1972. | data were examined on 965 persons treated in six states (delaware, florida, georgia, illinois, north dakota, and south carolina) and new york city in 1972 for possible rabies exposure. males 10-19 years were found to be the group at greatest risk, and exposures occurred most frequently during the warm months. dogs, other domestic animals, and wildlife were about equally responsible for human exposures in the six states, but 99% of the exposures in new york city involved dogs. antirabies postexp ... | 1979 | 432411 |
| [adpatibility of 2 rabies virus strains isolated in middle europe to a domestic and 2 wild species. a contribution to the epidemiology of rabies. 4. transmission studies in ferrets with a rodent isolate]. | | 1979 | 442882 |
| [advances in the production and control of human rabies vaccine]. | | 1979 | 451242 |
| isolation of biologically active components from rabies and other envelope viruses. | most human virus vaccines contain complete virus particles, either inactivated or attenuated. besides components responsible for induction of neutralizing antibodies, other virus components (e.g. nucleic acids, lipids) are also administered upon vaccination. for envelope viruses the (glyco) proteins of the viral envelope are generally involved in the induction of neutralizing antibodies. our investigations are focussed on the large scale preparation of these components from several viruses or vi ... | 1979 | 467803 |
| kinetics of different specific immunological parameters after rabies vaccination in mice. | a significant protection to an intracerebral challenge of 70 mean lethal doses of a standard live rabies virus strain was obtained in bcg-pretreated mice or in normal mice which had been immunized with a single subcutaneous injection of a beta-propiolactone-inactivated rabies vaccine. concomitantly, levels of delayed-type hypersensitivity (measured in vivo by the footpad test) and serum-neutralizing activity were evaluated at various times after immunization. all immune criteria were significant ... | 1979 | 468369 |
| responses to human diploid cell rabies vaccine: neutralizing antibody responses of vaccinees receiving booster doses of human diploid cell rabies vaccine. | rabies neutralizing antibody levels were determined before and after administration of a booster-dose of wyeth rabies vaccine (wrv) in persons immunized earlier with either duck embryo vaccine (dev) or with wrv. virtually all those receiving an initial 3-dose regimen of wrv (0, 7 and 21--28 days) still had neutralizing antibody one year later, but there was a decline in titer from 10--50 iu per ml at 35 days to about 1--3 iu. only one-half of those receiving dev as the primary vaccine had even d ... | 1979 | 474568 |
| [glycosylation and isoelectric properties of complete and defective rabies viruses (author's transl)]. | from a structural point of view an essential distinction between complete and defective rabies viruses is difference in size. in addition, isoelectric properties differ. the complete virus has an isoelectric point approaching neutrality, whereas the defective virus focuses between ph 3-4.7. the isoelectric points of the glycoprotein from complete and defective viruses differ in a corresponding fashion. the pasteur virus cultivated on bhk21c13 cells, contains glycoproteins, the glycopeptides of w ... | 1979 | 475220 |
| rabies virus immunity in genetically selected high- and low-responder lines of mice. | the antibody responsiveness to and the specific vaccination effect of rabies virus infection were investigated in high- and low-responder lines of mice produced by two-way selective breedings for quantitative production of antibodies to flagellar (h/f and l/f lines) or somatic (h/s and l/s lines) antigens of salmonellae. after specific immunization, both high lines were more resistant to rabies virus infection than were the low lines, and the protector effect was related to the level of antibody ... | 1979 | 478636 |
| immune responses of humans to a human diploid cell strain of rabies virus vaccine: lymphocyte transformation, production of virus-neutralizing antibody, and induction of interferon. | lymphocyte transformation, production of neutralizing antibody, and interferon activity of 20 healthy volunteers in response to a human diploid cell strain (hdcs) of rabies virus vaccine were studied. ten vaccines received 1.0 ml of hdcs vaccine on days 0, 3, 7, and 14, and five of these volunteers received, in addition, 20 international units of human rabies immune globulin/kg of body weight on day 0. all 10 volunteers developed high titers of neutralizing antibody, and eight of the 10 had lymp ... | 1979 | 479638 |
| rabies virus strains: a comparison study by polypeptide analysis of vaccine strains with different pathogenic patterns. | | 1979 | 483574 |
| some characteristics of persistent rabies virus infection in cell cultures. | fixed rabies virus strain m512 was shown to propagate in bhk cell cultures without interfering with cell growth. virus specific antigen was detected in the cytoplasm of cells by immunofluorescence technique. a small amount of virus was detected in the supernatant fluid throughout a series of subcultures. the infectivity of the intracellular virus was not affected by the addition of antirabies serum in culture fluid through the extracellular spread of virus was inhibited at the 40th transfer of t ... | 1979 | 496710 |
| experimental rabies in skunks: oral, nasal, tracheal and intestinal exposure. | striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) were exposed to challenge virus standard rabies virus by feeding infected mouse brain in suspension or as intact brain free choice, by forced feeding of suspension, and by intranasal, intratracheal and intraintestinal instillation of suspension. all of five skunks exposed intranasally, two of five exposed intratracheally and two of ten exposed by forced feeding developed rabies. none of the skunks exposed to challenge virus standard virus, by other methods, bec ... | 1979 | 497886 |
| summary of a workshop on the immunopathology of rabies. | | 1979 | 501156 |
| the physico-chemical characterization of bovine ephemeral fever virus as a member of the family rhabdoviridae. | this study of the physico-chemical properties of bovine ephemeral fever virus was initiated to establish whether or not it should be classified as a rhabdovirus. in contrast to the regular bullet-shaped morphology of some rhabdoviruses the virus particles are often cone-shaped or slight variants from bullet-shaped. the virion contains single-stranded rna sedimenting at 42s and six proteins with mol. wt. of 164, 101, 64, 53, 43 and 29 x 10(3). the protein p101 is located on the surface of the vir ... | 1979 | 501340 |
| properties of rabies virus (mniivp-74 strain) adapted to japanese quail embryo cell culture. | the pasteur strain of fixed rabies virus was adapted to primary cell cultures of japanese quail embryos and designated as mniivp-74. in the course of adaptation the virus pathogenicity for rabbits by the intracerebral route decreased considerably and the pathogenicity for rabbits and adult white mice by extraneural routes was completely lost. after inoculation of japanese quail embryo cell cultures, a titer of the virus in the culture fluid at 4 days was 6.25--7.0 lg ld50/ml (by the intracerebra ... | 1979 | 518300 |
| recovery of immune responsiveness to rabies vaccine after treatment of mice with cyclophosphamide. | mice treated with cyclophosphamide (cy) recovered the ability to mount delayed type hypersensitivity reactions within 3 days. by contrast, antibody production to a t cell independent antigen (e. coli lipopolysaccharide) and to human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine did not occur unless the immunization of cy-treated mice was delayed for 7-10 days. no significant resistance to rabies infection was recorded at 10 days but was demonstrable if 14 days had elapsed between cy treatment and vaccinati ... | 1979 | 518306 |
| serological survey of feral rodents in thailand for evidence of rabies virus infection. | between july, 1977 and january, 1978, serum from 645 feral rodents and 31 other small mammals was examined for presence of rabies serum neutralizing antibody. results suggest that feral rodents are not involved in the epizootiology of rabies in thailand. | 1979 | 522230 |
| [a new antirabies vaccine for human use prepared on cultured cells]. | | 1979 | 522829 |
| [human revaccination against lyssa: efficacy of various booster schedules]. | | 1979 | 524102 |
| [poly(a) sequences associated with rabies virus mrna (author's transl)]. | polyadenylate sequences have been found in numerous rna with messenger function, and in several viruses in which the genome is its own messenger. with rabies virus we observed a fixation of viral rna on sepharose poly(u) column in the mrna region (8-25s) and in the double stranded rna region (25-35s). these percentages of fixation are very low compared to those of vsv in the same regions, but they are significant compared to the uninfected cells and to lumbo rna fixation. in order to determine t ... | 1979 | 533070 |
| measurement of antibodies to rabies virus by immunoelectron microscopy. | immunoelectron microscopy (iem) was used to measure rabies antibodies in 47 serum samples from vaccinees with results similar to those obtained by mouse neutralization test (mnt). the use of inactivated rabies virus for iem eliminated the hazard associated with live virus used in the mnt. | 1979 | 534957 |
| the oral vaccination of foxes against rabies. an experimental study. | | 1979 | 539779 |
| characterization of multi-layered membrane generated by rabies virus. | electron microscopy revealed multi-layered membranes within the cytoplasmic inclusion (accumulation of nucleocapsids) produced by rabies virus. when infected bhk cells were maintained at 31 c, an enhancement in production of these membranes occurred in approximately 60% of inclusion-containing cells. multi-layered membranes were composed of an alternate array of two different layers; an electron-dense, thin membrane and a less dense layer which was thicker. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ... | 1979 | 542140 |
| [comparative study of the susceptibility of suckling and adult mice used for the isolation of rabies virus from the saliva of dogs with natural rabies]. | forty two saliva samples from rabid dogs were examined by intracerebral inoculation of weanling and suckling mice. although rabies virus assay were successful in all of the samples in both groups of mice used, a significant higher death proportion (p < 0.01) were observed in the suckling mice group. | 1979 | 554601 |
| airborne rabies encephalitis: demonstration of rabies virus in the human central nervous system. | a veterinarian contracted rabies in the course of laboratory work with homogenates of rabid goat brain. epidemiologic study determined a respiratory mode of transmission. after a fulminant encephalitic illness, formed rabies virions were identified in the synaptic zones of the olfactory glomeruli. identification, isolation, experimental disease production, and tissue cytopathic effects of virus recovered from the brain fulfilled koch's postulates in this unusual instance of virus disease of the ... | 1977 | 556820 |
| lipids of rabies virus and bhk-21 cell membranes. | the lipid composition of highly purified flury strain of rabies virus (hep) propagated in bhk-21 cells in a chemically defined medium was observed to be 6.7% neutral lipids, 15.8% phospholipids, and 1.5% glycolipids. in the virion, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin were the most abundant phospholipids, accounting for 90% of the total, and the molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid was 0.48. uninfected bhk-21 cell membranes were obtained by nitrogen cavitation t ... | 1977 | 557573 |
| rabies virus protein synthesis in infected bhk-21 cells. | rabies virus specific polypeptide synthesis was examined under hypertonic conditions, which selectively inhibit cellular protein synthesis. the rabies virus proteins (l, g, n, m1, m2) were synthesized throughout the course of infection, with little change in their relative rates of synthesis. the rates of synthesis of the g and m1 polypeptides were more sensitive to increasing osmolarity than those of the l, n, and m2 polypeptides. extrapolation to isotonicity of the results obtained under hyper ... | 1977 | 558341 |
| virion rna polymerases of two salmonid rhabdoviruses. | rna-dependent rna polymerases were found to be associated with two salmonid rhabdoviruses: infectious hematopoietic necrosis (ihn) virus and the virus of hemorrhagic septicemia (vhs). the protein composition of these rhabdoviruses closely resembles that of rabies virus rather than that of vesicular stomatitis virus (mcallister and wagner, 1975). the optimal temperature for in vitro transcription was found to be approximately 18 degrees c for ihn virus and approximately 15 degrees for vhs,, close ... | 1977 | 559780 |
| interaction of non-specific inhibitor and rabies virus haemagglutinim. | in order to elucidate the properties of an inhibitor of rabies virus haemagglutinin in normal animal sera, experiments were made with the hep flury strain and calf serum which contains the inhibitor. the results of physico-chemical treatment, gel-filtration and density analysis suggested lipoprotein involvement. when inhibitor and haemagglutinin were mixed, the separate activities could be recovered from the mixture by centrifuging on a sucrose density gradient. by contrast, neither haemagglutin ... | 1977 | 560427 |
| a comparison of the pasteur and pitman-moore strains of rabies virus for the production of rabies vaccine in human diploid cells. | | 1977 | 561073 |
| [zonal centrifuge purification of human rabies vaccine obtained on bovine foetal kidney cells (author's transl)]. | a human rabies vaccine is prepared on bovine foetal kidney cells in absence of serum. this vaccine is concentrated and purified by zonal centrifugation. an immunogenic vaccine is obtained from the purified viral particles. preliminary results are reported. | 1977 | 563208 |
| [newly developed virusvaccines in veterinary medicine (author's transl)]. | newly developed vaccines in veterinary medicine can be classified into two categories. the first category comprises inactivated vaccines produced by "classical" methods such as inactivation of the virus by formalin and the use of a1(oh)3 as adjuvant. besides, this category also includes live vaccines from attenuated virus. thus, all of these vaccines represent no genuinely new developments and owe their origin to the fact that the importance of several virus diseases of animals has grown in the ... | 1978 | 566007 |
| rabies post-exposure treatment and side-effects in man using hdc (mrc 5) vaccine. | 126 patients underwent a post-exposure antirabies treatment using the beta-propiolactone inactivated (hdc) mrc-5 vaccine. the immunization schedule consisted of single doses of 1 ml of vaccine administered on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90. within the post-exposure group several patients suffered wounds from known rabid animals. serum samples were collected on days 0, 14, 30, 90 and 104. neutralizing antibodies against the rabies virus were determined in the rapid-fluorescent-focus-inhibition (rffi ... | 1978 | 567152 |
| selected isolates of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus propagated on bovine turbinate cells: virus titer and soluble antigen production as factors in immunogenicity of killed bvd virus. | soluble antigen production in a bovine turbinate cell line by 17 isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus was studied. we showed that the quantity of soluble antigen produced may vary considerably between isolates. further, the isolate producing the greatest quantity of soluble antigen produced a higher antibody titer in calves than an isolate producing only half as much soluble antigen. | 1978 | 568462 |
| purified duck embryo rabies vaccine. an accelerated schedule for preexposure immunization against rabies. | seroconversion and adverse reaction rates were studied in 92 persons given four or five doses in a two-week period of duck embryo rabies vaccine (dev) or duck embryo rabies vaccine purified by ultracentrifugation (p-dev). mouse-neutralizing antibodies developed in 78 of 92 (84.8%) persons in these accelerated schedules. there were no significant differences in the frequency of antibody conversion or in geometric mean titers of antibody between persons given either vaccine. however, local and sys ... | 1977 | 577520 |
| [efficacy of disinfectants against rabies virus (author's transl)]. | a variety of disinfectants was tested against, their efficacy against rabies virus flury lep strain. the efficacy was tested by intracerebral inoculation of a mixture of virus and disinfectant into 11-15 g white mice after evaluation of the intracerebral toxic dose. two disinfectants, based on phenolecompound, showed a marked superior effect compared with other disinfectants. one disinfectant based on quarternary ammoniumbase showed insufficient efficacy. | 1978 | 581630 |
| [rabies]. | | 1977 | 594997 |
| [clinical and ultrastructural study of a case of human rabies]. | a patient of morracan origin, aged 26 years, who died as a result of rabies after a 15 day illness in august 1976 in bordeaux. no evidence of contamination was found by history from the patient and his family and friends nor by examination. a cerebral biopsy carried out a few hours before death confirmed the diagnosis by immunofluorescence, whilst examination under the optical microscope demonstrated negri bodies and ultrastructural studies revealed rabies virus. these findings are discussed and ... | 1977 | 601392 |
| rabies antigens in purkinje cells and granular cells separated from infected cerebellum. | | 1977 | 603193 |
| [haemagglutinin from rabies viruses (author's transl)]. | rabies virus haemagglutinin has not hitherto been obtained to our knowledge, from brain material of infected animals. a slight modification of the arbovirus technique and the use of trypsin treatment can reveal a good haemagglutinin from fixed and street strain from infected brains. | 1977 | 610505 |
| neurological symptoms in a cat following vaccination with high egg passage flury rabies vaccine of chicken embryo origin. | the development of neurological symptoms in a cat following vaccination with the high egg passage flury rabies vaccine and the subsequent isolation of a virus with characteristics consistent with the criteria for distinguishing the high egg passage flury strain of rabies virus are described. | 1977 | 614535 |
| [isolation of the lagos-bat virus in the central african republic]. | the second reported isolate of lagos-bat virus has been obtained from bats micropterus pusillus caught in 1974 in the central african empire, thus extending the geographic area of this virus and adding another species of vertebrate host among its reservoirs. | 1977 | 615673 |
| igm and igg antibody responses in rabies encephalitis. | immunological survey of 3 patients with proved rabies encephalitis shows three interesting facts. 1) an igm local synthesis, sometimes proportionally higher than igg local synthesis, is observed in 8 csf (among 13 investigated) and detected early, during the first week of the disease for 2 patients. 2) a relative poor igg response is noted; this response is absent in one and decreasing in the 2 others patients despite their progressive aggravation. 3) a very little elevation of blood nucleic ant ... | 1979 | 484994 |
| [the influence of thymus on mouse resistance against rabies before and after vaccination (author's transl)]. | thymus participation was investigated in a comparative study of natural resistance to rabies in nude mice and normal litter mates. such participation does not seem to happen during challenge virus strain infection but might change the host cell-virus metabolism during street rabies infection by inhibition of negri bodies genesis. however, this participation seems indispensable (except in few cases) to allow resistance after vaccination. for instance twice more antigen is necessary to immunize th ... | 1979 | 484993 |
| prevalence of selected zoonotic diseases in vertebrates from haiti, 1972. | vertebrate animals collected in haiti in 1972 were tested for selected zoonotic diseases. no rabies virus or neutralizing (n) antibody was detected in bats (artibeus jamaicensis). however, n antibody against st. louis encephalitis, western equine encephalitis (wee), and eastern equine encephalitis were detected in resident species of birds and wee antibody in bats. no n antibody against venezuelan equine encephalitis was found. the possible introduction by migratory birds and local transmission ... | 1979 | 480524 |
| reevaluation of the proteins in rabies virus particles. | protein content and localization of individual proteins of rabies virus have been studied. four major proteins (estimated molecular weights, about 65,000, 54,000, 37,000 and 21,000), one minor component (molecular weight, about 200,000), and one intermediate (as regards its molar concentration) component (molecular weight, about 43,000) were revealed in rabies virus particles. in subviral particles accumulating in virus-infected cells, the 200,000-, 54,000-, and 37,000-dalton components were rev ... | 1979 | 448799 |
| delayed-type hypersensitivity to rabies virus in mice: assay of active or passive sensitization by the footpad test. | with a purified beta-propiolactone-inactivated rabies virus, a significant increase in footpad swelling was elicited in normal or in bcg-pretreated mice after immunization with varying doses of rabies vaccine. these footpad reactions were shown to peak at 24 h and to be associated with an infiltration of newly formed blood monocytes demonstrated by histology and [125i]deoxyuridine labeling. a relationship between the lymphoproliferation and the degree of sensitization is described, and the susce ... | 1978 | 361580 |
| use of the antibody assay in immunized mice for the determination of rabies vaccine potency. | at present, the nih potency test is the most widely used method for determining the potency of rabies virus vaccines. the drawbacks of this test are well known and include significant test variability as well as the use of an unnatural challenge route. the antibody assay in immunized mice involves the assay of sera from mice immunized with serial dilutions of rabies vaccine. the amount of antibody in the sera is expressed in international units per ml (iu/ml). sera from identical dilutions of di ... | 1978 | 355013 |
| antibody response to rabies virus in syrian hamsters. | syrian hamsters were injected with inactivated, attenuated, and virulent rabies virus (rv), and the antibody response was quantified by a neutralization test and the immunoglobulin class of the virus antibody was characterized by indirect fluorescent microscopy. serum antibodies to rv were found to be predominantly of the immunoglobulin g2 (igg2) class, although igg1 anti-rv also were detected in high-titered sera obtained after secondary challenge. brain extracts of hamsters inoculated intracer ... | 1977 | 330398 |
| evaluation of tests for rabies antibody and analysis of serum responses after administration of three different types of rabies vaccines. | humoral antibody response to three types of rabies vaccines were assayed by the neutralization (nt), the mixed hemadsorption (mh), and the indirect immunofluorescence (if) tests. the nt and mh tests were used to detect antibodies combining with antigens at the surface of virions and infected cells, whereas the indirect if test measured antibodies mainly to the rabies nucleocapsid antigen. after immunization with a human diploid cell vaccine, antibodies were detected by both the nt and the mh tes ... | 1977 | 323275 |
| application of the soluble antigen fluorescent antibody (safa) test to the serodiagnosis of rabies. | the adaptation and evaluation of the soluble antigen fluorescent antibody (safa) test for the serologic diagnosis of rabies is described. evaluation of the safa test was based on a comparison between serum titers obtained in the safa test, the mouse serum neutralization (sn) test and in the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifat) test. dog, fox, raccoon and skunk sera were used for the comparison with mouse sn titers. human serum was used for the comparison with the ifat titer. the purity and conce ... | 1977 | 320266 |
| in vitro evidence of cell-mediated immunity after exposure of mice to both live and inactivated rabies virus. | mice exposed to live or beta-propiolactone-inactivated rabies virus generated a strong, specific cell-mediated cytotoxic response which was generally maximal 6 days after inoculation. release of 51cr was apparently a function of immune thymus-derived lymphocytes (t cells) because it was abrogated by prior incubation of spleen cells with anti-thymus antiserum and complement but was undiminished by passage of spleen cells through nylon-wool columns. cytotoxicity was always maximal for interactions ... | 1977 | 299948 |
| interferon production by rabies strains isolated from wild rodents. | eight rabies strains isolated from wild rodents produced interferon in laboratory mouse brains the second day after inoculation. low levels of interferon were also detected in the serum, kidneys and lungs of the animals. the dosage and route of inoculation had no pronounced effect on interferon production. | 1975 | 235203 |
| large-scale concentration and purification of virus suspension from microcarrier culture for the preparation of inactivated virus vaccines. | because of the presence of bovine serum proteins in poliovirus and rabiesvirus suspensions harvested from microcarrier cultures, a concentration and purification process has been developed in order to remove these proteins. the process comprises clarification by filtration, concentration by ultrafiltration, gel filtration on sepharose 6b and column chromatography on deae-sephadex a50. the serum protein content of the virus suspensions if reduced to a serum dilution of less than 1: 10(6) at a vir ... | 1979 | 223923 |
| [evaluation of pre- and post-exposure schedules of rabies vaccines produced on tissue cultures]. | | 1977 | 617854 |
| [prevention and treatment of rabies in human beings (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 619349 |
| rabies viruses increase in virulence when propagated in neuroblastoma cell culture. | several strains of attenuated rabies virus lacking the capacity to kill adult mice acquired a high lethal potential for mice after one to five serial passages in murine or human neuroblastoma cells. the virulence acquired after passage in neuroblastoma cells is a stable genetic trait retained during subsequent passage of viruses in nonneuroblastoma cell systems. | 1978 | 628831 |
| [rabies in a veterinarian]. | a 57-year-old veterinary surgeon developed rabies 174 days after injury during an oral palpation of a rabid cow. he had been vaccinated prophylactically with duck embryo vaccine several months before exposure but never had his serum antibody level controlled. he died 45 days later. the prodromal and encephalitic stage lasted 5 days each. intensive supportive medical treatment was given from the beginning of the paralytic stage. the clinical course was complicated by progredient respiratory failu ... | 1978 | 644276 |
| [latency and vertical transmission of rabies virus in naturally infected muridae]. | | 1978 | 654711 |
| rabies vaccine virus infection in three dogs. | ascending paralysis developed in 3 dogs, 12 to 14 days following inoculation with a modified live virus, chicken embryo origin, low egg passage, flury strain rabies vaccine. the paralysis began in the inoculated limb but rapidly involved both hindlimbs. partial paresis of the forelimbs was seen several days following the hindlimb paralysis in all 3 dogs, and in 1 of these dogs the infection ascended rapidly to the brain as well. two of the dogs recovered within 1 and 2 months, respectively, but ... | 1978 | 659318 |
| immunization with a human diploid cell strain of rabies virus vaccine: two-year results. | antibody responses following primary vaccination with 1.0 ml of intramuscularly (im) or 0.1 ml of intradermally (id) administered human diploid cell rabies virus vaccine were observered for two years. three primary doses of vaccine were given to 77 volunteers on days 0, 28, and 56. an antibody response was detected in all vacinees after a single dose; at one month, the response in the group that received vaccine id was identical to that in the group that was given vaccine im, although only 1/10t ... | 1978 | 659922 |
| isolation of rabies virus from bats in bolivia. | rabies virus was isolated from apparently normal blood-sucking (desmodus rotundus) and insectivorous (artibeus planirostris) bats caught in bolivia. the virus was identified by immunofluorescence, biological and sero-neutralisation tests. | 1978 | 664008 |
| [attempts to infect rhipicephalus sanguineus (latr.) ticks with the rabies virus]. | | 1978 | 672778 |
| the landscape epidemiology of rabies in virginia. | rabies virus, the gray fox, and the alleghenian biotic region form a pathobiocenose; rabies in virginia exists in a diffuse nidus, the alleghenian biotic region. physiographic features may serve as barriers or as passageways for epidemic spread of rabies. epidemic spread is characterized by a radial pattern and a linear northeast-southwest pattern reflecting physiographic features. incidence of rabies in the fox varies according to seasons. present control efforts are generally ineffective; unde ... | 1978 | 677370 |
| human rabies immunoprophylaxis using hdc (mrc-5) vaccine. | in a field trial 181 high risk persons of both sexes between ages of 2--71 years were prophylactically vaccinated against rabies with the beta-propiolactone inactivated rabies-vaccine (hdc) mrc-5. 1 ml of vaccine was administered intramuscularly on days 0, 7 and 21. serum samples were collected on days 0, 7, 21 and 35. neutralizing antibody titers against the rabies virus were determined in the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test, 7 days after the first injection measurable titers of antibo ... | 1978 | 680382 |
| serovaccination by human immune globulin and hdcs-vaccine against rabies. | a serological study was performed in 16 volunteer subjects and 3 patients to determine the active antibody response after vaccination with hdcs vaccine alone and in conjunction with rabies immunglobulin of human origin (righ). when heterologous antiserum from horse or mule and any rabies vaccine is used for passive-active immunization, a pronounced interfering effect is observed, depending upon the relative concentrations of preformed rabies antibodies given and rabies virus antigen of the vacci ... | 1978 | 680386 |
| standardization of methods used for testing the safety of tissue culture rabies vaccines. | tissue culture rabies vaccines are essentially new preparations intended for prophylaxis and treatment of rabies. however, the methods used for their testing are mostly the same as those used for rabies vaccines prepared from brain tissue. therefore, it is extremely important to develop and standardize methods for testing tissue culture rabies vaccines. the main criteria for the evaluation of vnukovo-32 production strain have been formulated. the strain has been characterized in pathomorphologic ... | 1978 | 680394 |
| a purified human diploid cell rabies vaccine. | continuous-flow isopycnic banding of rabies virus in sucrose gradient was used to purify the antigen for the preparation of a human diploid cell rabies vaccine. prior to the addition of the stabilizer, the average specific potency of several vaccine batches was 234 antigenic values per 1.0 mg of protein. further data regarding potency and stability of this vaccine are presented. | 1978 | 680396 |
| cell-mediated immunity and postexposure protection from rabies by inactivated vaccines of tissue culture origin. | a strong cell-mediated cytotoxic response (cmc), which was maximal 6-7 days after treatment, was generated in mice exposed to inactivated rabies virus vaccine. cmc response was linear and was a function of antigenic mass. live attenuated viruses also generated a strong cmc response after intracerebral infection. mice lethally infected with virulent strains of virus failed to develop cmc. there was, however, no difference in the rate and amount of virus-neutralizing or lytic antibodies and interf ... | 1978 | 680397 |
| development and clinical trials of the new human rabies vaccine of tissue culture (human diploid cell) origin. | a new type of rabies vaccine for human prophylaxis was developed by workers at the wistar institute, philadelphia, pa. vaccine is prepared from rabies virus infected tissue cultures of human diploid cells and is inactivated following concentration and purification of virus. vaccine is being successfully used for prophylactic and postexposure treatment in humans with reduced number of doses and is virtually free from adverse reactions associated with the use of other types of rabies vaccines. | 1978 | 680399 |
| structure and function of rabies virus glycoprotein. | of the three major proteins associated with the rabies virus membrane, only the glycoprotein (g-protein) was found to be located on the external surface of the viral membrane. a minor glycoprotein (gp 50) detected by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) of rabies virus appeared to be a breakdown product of the g-protein. glycoprotein prepared by treatment of rabies virus with triton x100 and purified by isoelectric focusing was found to be homogeneous with respect to size and isoelectri ... | 1978 | 680401 |
| evaluation of the inactivated tissue culture rabies vaccine from the vnukovo-32 strain. results of its industrial production and field use for post-exposure immunization of man. | during 1973-1977, 981,000 doses of rabies vaccine were prepared in primary young syrian hamster kidney cell cultures infected with attenuated rabies virus (strain vnukovo-32) and inactivated by uv-irradiation. potency of the vaccine varied from 0.3 to 3.5. more the 53% of vaccine lots had potency in the range of 1.1-3.5 (nih). post-exposure immunization was carried out in 45,842 persons aged from 2 weeks to greater than 76 years. the vaccination course lasted from 2 to 25 days and was followed b ... | 1978 | 680402 |
| delayed type hypersensitivity in mice immunized with inactivated rabies virus. | evidence of the dth reaction is in agreement with in vitro observation done with the lymphoblast transformation test in rabbits (5,8) or with the cytotoxicity test in mice (7). the footpad test (fpt) fulfilled all criteria of dth. a maximum swelling at the injection site was observed 24 h after challenge. fpt could not be transferred by immune serum. but both local and systemic transfer of dissociated spleen cells or lymph node cells sensitized recipient mice to the fpt. a lymphoproliferative re ... | 1978 | 680403 |
| [rabies virus study by the plaque forming system. a simplified technique]. | the author describes here a simplified and economical plaque forming system for rabies virus study. it is achieved in three steps (cells preparation and infection, apply of overlay, staining). it presents more advantages than previous techniques: time as well as culture media and handling spearing, easy and durable reading. cells prepared with di-ethyl-amino-ethyl-dextran are added to equal quantities of diluted virus (for titration) or to virus-serum mixing (for seroneutralization) and overlaid ... | 1978 | 686516 |
| role of bandicoots in rabies transmission. | | 1978 | 689710 |
| immunoglobulin (igg) and (igm) antibody responses to rabies vaccine. | igm and igg neutralizing antibody responses were estimated in the sera of rabbits and mice immunized with different doses of semple, duck embryo and cell culture rabies vaccines. igm synthesis was prolonged in animals immunized with multiple doses of either semple or duck embryo vaccines but not those immunized with cell culture vaccine. mice were passively protected by igg antibody against subsequent challenge but not by igm of equivalent neutralizing titre. mice challenged when the antibody re ... | 1978 | 690611 |
| inhibition of rabies virus in vitro by the ammonium-5-tungsto-2-antimoniate. | in vitro multiplication of rabies virus was inhibited by a condensed mineral ion, ammonium-5-tungsto-2-antimoniate (hpa 23). the inhibitory effect was evaluated by two different methods, plaque reduction and one step virus growth. plaquing showed 50% inhibition with 4.5 microgram/ml of hpa 23 and complete inhibition with 12.5 microgram/ml. a reduction of two logs in virus yield was obtained in bhk21c13s cells in suspension treated with 50 microgram/ml of hpa 23. inhibition also occurred when tre ... | 1978 | 690613 |
| [effect of temperature on the biological properties of the rabies virus]. | | 1978 | 695300 |
| [adaptation ability of 2 rabies-virus strains, isolated in central europe, to i domesticated and 2 wild animal species. contribution to the epidemiology of rabies. 1. transmission studies on weasels]. | | 1978 | 696081 |
| [serologic studies of neutralizing antibodies against rabies virus occuring in wild central european species]. | | 1978 | 697718 |
| an electron microscopic study of the surface structures and hemadsorption on chick embryo cells infected with rabies virus. | characteristic alterations at the surface of chick embryo cells infected with the hf-tc strain of rabies virus and the binding sites of hemadsorption were studied employing both scanning and transmission electron microscopes. the initial alteration of the cell surface structure revealed by scanning electron microscopy was an appearance of elongated and reticulated microvilli on the 2nd day after virus inoculation. on the 3rd day, numerous bullet-shaped virions could be seen budding as single, te ... | 1978 | 708267 |
| studies on beta-propiolactone inactivated suckling mouse brain antirabies vaccine. | | 1978 | 721195 |
| immunization against rabies with rabies immune globulin, human (righ) and a human diploid cell strain (hdcs) rabies vaccine. | | 1978 | 721838 |
| transcriptional mapping of rabies virus in vivo. | synthesis of the proteins of rabies virus was studied in hamster cells infected with uv-irradiated virus. the uv target size of genes l, n, m1, and m2 was measured during primary transcription. except for n, the target size of the remaining genes was considerably larger than that of their physical sizes. the data fit the hypothesis that four genes occupy a single transcriptional unit and that transcription of rabies virus proceeds in the order n, m1, m2, and l. | 1978 | 722860 |
| growth of low egg passage (flury) rabies virus in vero cells - preliminary report. | | 1978 | 728635 |
| [pathomorphological changes in the central nervous system as a criterion of attenuation of rabies virus strain following tissue culture passage]. | | 1978 | 733014 |
| [preparatory extraction and study of the structural proteins of rabies virus]. | a technology for preparation of purified concentrates of rabies virus has been developed permitting to use simultaneously dozens of liters of tissue culture virus-containing fluid for the preparation of a concentrate. when concentrated 10(4)-fold or more, the degree of virus purification relative soluble proteins was at least 8 x 10(6). the virus yield in purified preparations was approximately 500 microgram of protein per 10 1 of the original culture fluid. purification and preparation of a sur ... | 1978 | 735018 |
| comparative study on antibody determination by different methods in sera of persons vaccinated with hdcs-vaccine. | the comparative studies undertaken by 7 laboratories in 6 countries show that the calculation i.u.s did not as anticipated minimize but actually enhanced the variability of results of rabies antibody estaminations in the sera of hdcs vaccines. the high biological variance in the method(s) may not have been considered by individual laboratories and any neglect of fundamental biostatistical laws, unfortunately, diminishes the theoretical advantage of using the "international standard (i.s.)" as a ... | 1978 | 735548 |
| rabies antibody prevalence and virus tissue tropism in wild carnivores in virginia. | carnivores trapped in a rabies control program in virginia were examined for rabies virus and serum neutralizing antibody. local antibody prevalence ranged from 0% to 29% in gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus). rabies virus was pantropic in naturally infected gray foxes and a bobcat (lynx rufus). | 1978 | 739588 |