| [development and application of taqman-mgb real-time quantitative pcr assay for detection of goat pox virus]. | the complete gene sequences of eight capripoxvirus strains in genbank were aligned and analyzed with dnastar software. we selected a size of 64 bp gene fragment that was located in gp064 region of goat pox virus (gpv) genome, and designed a pair of primers and a taqman-mgb probe against the gene fragment with primer express 2.0 software. then, the fluorescence quantitative pcr (fq-pcr) assay was developed and the standard curve of different dilution series was described. we extracted the dna sam ... | 2009 | 19621592 |
| [recombinant goat pox virus expressing pprv h protein]. | the purpose of the study is to construct recombinant goat pox virus (gpv) expressing peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) h protein, and to evaluate the immunization effect. recombinant gpv containing pprv h gene (rgpv-pprv-h) was selected and purified by gpt and egfp utilizing plaque purification, and the final selected recombinant gpv was proved to be purified by pcr. immunofluorescence and western blotting showed that the recombinant virus could express h protein of pprv while infecting la ... | 2009 | 19637621 |
| [epizootics in france from 1700 to 1850: a clinical inventory of cattle and sheep]. | | 2001 | 19663072 |
| expression of p32 protein of goatpox virus in pichia pastoris and its potential use as a diagnostic antigen in elisa. | the present study was undertaken to express goatpox virus (gtpv) p32 protein in pichia pastoris and evaluate its potential use as a diagnostic antigen in elisa. the amplified p32 gene of gtpv was cloned into ppiczalphaa vector and characterized by pcr, restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing. the characterized linear recombinant plasmids were transformed in pichia host gsii5 strain by electroporation and the zeocin resistant pichia transformant containing p32 gene was selected and confirmed ... | 2009 | 19733197 |
| a description of two outbreaks of capripoxvirus disease in mongolia. | mongolia had no reported cases of capripoxvirus disease from 1977 until an outbreak of sheeppox in 2006-2007 and then goatpox in 2008. the two outbreaks occurred in geographically distant areas of mongolia and, most strikingly, were highly species-specific. the 2006-2007 sheeppox outbreak affected no goats and the 2008 goatpox outbreak affected no sheep despite communal herding. the diseases were diagnosed using the polymerase chain reaction and virus neutralisation test. the p32 gene of the mon ... | 2010 | 19939588 |
| quantitative pcr: a quality control assay for estimation of viable virus content in live attenuated goat pox vaccine. | efficacy of live viral vaccine and vaccine-induced sero-conversion depends on the optimum number of live virus particles in a vaccine dose, which is one of the important aspects of quality control. in the present study, taqman probe quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) based on conserved dna pol gene of capripoxvirus was developed for the quality control of attenuated monovalent goatpox and/or combined attenuated goatpox and peste des petits ruminants (ppr) vaccines. cells infected with ... | 2009 | 20099465 |
| sheep pox virus induces proliferation of type ii pneumocytes in the lungs. | the present study investigated the expression of pulmonary surfactant proteins (surfactant protein [sp]-a, sp-b, prosp-c), thyroid transcription factor-1 (ttf-1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) and the infiltration of cd3(+) t and cd79alphacy(+) b lymphocytes into the lungs of 10 lambs naturally infected with sheep pox virus. microscopical examination detected marked epithelial hyperplasia, sheep pox cells and neutrophilic infiltration in pock nodules. immunohistochemistry demonstrate ... | 2010 | 20181359 |
| goat pox virus isolated from an outbreak at akola, maharashtra (india) phylogenetically related to chinese strain. | in this study, we investigated a goat pox outbreak that occurred in an organized goat farm in a village named yerenda near akola, maharashtra, india during 2007-2008. the outbreak involved in 175 goats including kids of local nondescript breeds with a morbidity, mortality, and case fatality rate, respectively, of 20%, 11.4%, and 60%. the goat pox virus (gtpv) antigen/nucleic acid in the clinical samples was detected by cie and pcrs whereas virus-specific antibody was detected by using snt and in ... | 2010 | 20383607 |
| herpesvirus-encoded gpcrs rewire cellular signaling. | viral g-protein-coupled receptors (vgpcrs) are chemokine receptor homologues encoded by the herpes- and capripoxviridae. they are thought to have been hijacked from the host genome during the course of evolution. these vgpcrs play different roles in the viral lifecycle and associated pathologies. three members of the herpesviridae, kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) are capable of setting up persistent latent infections in huma ... | 2011 | 20398729 |
| development of a recombinant epsilon toxoid vaccine against enterotoxemia and its use as a combination vaccine with live attenuated sheep pox virus against enterotoxemia and sheep pox. | sheep pox and enterotoxemia are important diseases of sheep, and these diseases cause severe economic losses to sheep farmers. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of formaldehyde-inactivated recombinant epsilon toxin as a vaccine candidate. the potency of the recombinant epsilon toxoid with aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant in sheep was determined. vaccinated sheep were protected against enterotoxemia, with potency values of >5 iu being protective. further, the use of this ... | 2010 | 20427629 |
| a goat poxvirus-vectored peste-des-petits-ruminants vaccine induces long-lasting neutralization antibody to high levels in goats and sheep. | recombinant capripoxvirus (cpv) is a promising candidate differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (diva) vaccine against peste-des-petits-ruminants (ppr). in order for recombinant cpv to be successfully used in the field, there should exist dependable indicators for quality control of vaccine products, surveillance and vaccination evaluation. viral neutralization antibody (vna) is correlated to protection against ppr and is a technically feasible indicator for this purpose. the immunogen ... | 2010 | 20471441 |
| identification of an intergenic region that is not essential for replication of goatpox virus. | a recombinant goatpox virus was constructed in which an enhanced green fluorescent protein gene was inserted under the control of the 11k late promoter, a guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene was inserted under the control of the 7.5k early/late promoter, and exogenous genes were inserted into an intergenic region between loci gp_24 and gp_24.5 of the recombinant genome. analysis of protein expression showed that lt cells infected with only the recombinant virus produced specific fluorescence. ... | 2010 | 20496086 |
| pox outbreaks in sheep and goats at makhdoom (uttar pradesh), india: evidence of sheeppox virus infection in goats. | sheeppox and goatpox outbreaks occur often in india incurring huge economic loss to the small ruminant industry. this paper describes two sheeppox outbreaks, of which one occurred in an organized sheep breeding farm at makhdoom (uttar pradesh), india, during 2007 and another in goats at the central institute of research on goats, makhdoom (uttar pradesh), india during 2008. in the first outbreak, a local muzaffarnagari sheep breed was affected (n=477) with morbidity and mortality rates, respecti ... | 2010 | 20673232 |
| protective effect of partially purified 35 kda protein from silk worm (bombyx mori) fecal matter against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity and in vitro anti-viral properties. | it has been found that many proteins from silkworm (bombyx mori l.) fecal matter have been active against human immunodeficiency virus, sendai virus, herpes simplex virus type-1, and nuclear polyhedrosis virus. | 2010 | 20738178 |
| serodiagnosis of sheeppox and goatpox using an indirect elisa based on synthetic peptide targeting for the major antigen p32. | sheeppoxvirus (sppv), goatpoxvirus (gtpv) and lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) of cattle belong to the capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae family and can cause significant economic losses in countries where they are endemic. despite the considerable threat that these viruses pose to livestock production and global trade in sheep, goats, cattle and their products, convenient and effective serodiagnostic tools are not readily available. toward this goal, two synthetic peptides corresponding to th ... | 2010 | 20854693 |
| protection of sheep against rift valley fever virus and sheep poxvirus with a recombinant capripoxvirus vaccine. | rift valley fever (rvf) is an epizootic viral disease of sheep that can be transmitted from sheep to humans, particularly by contact with aborted fetuses. a capripoxvirus (cpv) recombinant virus (rks1/rvfv) was developed, which expressed the rift valley fever virus (rvfv) gn and gc glycoproteins. these expressed glycoproteins had the correct size and reacted with monoclonal antibodies (mab) to native glycoproteins. mice vaccinated with rks1/rvfv were protected against rvfv challenge. sheep vacci ... | 2010 | 20876822 |
| real time pcr method for simultaneous detection, quantitation and differentiation of capripoxviruses. | the genus capripoxvirus (capv) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (sppv), goat poxvirus (gtpv) and lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively. capv infections produce similar symptoms in sheep and goats, and the three viruses cannot be distinguished serologically. since there are conflicting opinions regarding the host specificity of capvs, particularly for goatpox and sheeppox viruses, the development of rapid genotyping tools will facilitate mor ... | 2010 | 21029751 |
| use of the capripoxvirus homologue of vaccinia virus 30 kda rna polymerase subunit (rpo30) gene as a novel diagnostic and genotyping target: development of a classical pcr method to differentiate goat poxvirus from sheep poxvirus. | sheep poxvirus (sppv), goat poxvirus (gtpv) and lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) are capripoxviruses (capvs) responsible for causing severe poxvirus disease in sheep, goats and cattle, respectively. serological differentiation of capvs is not possible and strain identification has relied on the implicitly accepted hypothesis that the viruses show well defined host specificity. however, it is now known that cross infections can occur and authentication of identity based on the host animal species ... | 2010 | 21115310 |
| emerging capripoxvirus disease outbreaks in himachal pradesh, a northern state of india. | both sheep and goat pox are contagious viral diseases and affect small ruminants and are caused by sheep pox virus and goat pox virus respectively that belong to genus capripoxvirus of poxviridae family. huge economic losses emanating from the disease outbreaks are the results of the wool and hide damage, subsequent production losses and also the morbidities and mortalities associated with the disease. this communication highlights clinico-epidemiological observations from the two sheep pox and ... | 2010 | 21214867 |
| sequence analysis of attachment gene of lumpy skin disease and sheep poxviruses. | in egypt, protection of cattle against lumpy skin disease (lsd) was carried out using a sheep poxvirus (kenyan strain) vaccination strategy. in the present study 15 skin nodules from lsd suspected cows and 5 scab samples from sheep pox (sp) suspected sheep were collected. hyperimmune rabbit sera to lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv)/ismailyia88 strain and sheep pox virus (spv)/ kenyan vaccinal strain were prepared. the causative agent in the collected samples was identified using immunoflourescence ... | 2010 | 21221919 |
| molecular dating in the evolution of vertebrate poxviruses. | objectives: the goal of this work was to study the evolutionary history of the vertebrate poxviruses using the bayesian relaxed clock and a large set of highly conserved vitally important viral genes. methods: phylogenetic analysis was performed by the maximum likelihood method using the paup program. the dating method of bayes, realized in the multidivtime, was made. results: the rate of poxviral evolution is estimated as 0.5-7 × 10(-6) nucleotide substitutions per site per year. we inferred th ... | 2011 | 21228539 |
| assessment on major factors that cause skin rejection at modjo export tannery, ethiopia. | a study was conducted from november 2009 to march 2010 with the objective of identifying the major causes of skin rejection on fresh, pickled, and wet blue skins at modjo mesaco global tannery. a total of 401 fresh and 1,873 pickled and wet blue skins from the routine production system of the tannery were used. overall, high prevalence of sheep ked (100%) followed by biting louse (64.4%), tick (50%), and sucking louse (45.8%) were observed on fresh sheep pelts, while, on fresh goat pelts, a high ... | 2011 | 21327713 |
| genus specific evolution of codon usage and nucleotide compositional traits of poxviruses. | poxviruses are complex in their nucleotide compositional features of the coding regions. the codon usages in poxviruses are in accordance with their compositional bias. in the poxviridae family, codon usage patterns and nucleotide compositional traits are widely divergent across species but some conservation was observed within a genus. viruses from six chordopox genera, i.e., avipoxvirus, capripoxvirus, cervidpoxvirus, orthopoxvirus, suipoxvirus, yatapoxvirus, and one entomopox genus- betaentom ... | 2011 | 21369827 |
| vaccinia virus as an expression vector. | vaccinia virus (vv) is a member of the genus orthopoxvirus, one of seven genera included in the family poxviridae. most of these viruses infect vertebrates (orthopoxvirus, avipoxvirus, capripoxvirus, leporipoxvirus, suipoxvirus, and parapoxvirus), but one genus, entomopoxvirus, infects insects. it is interesting to note that the fibroma and mixoma viruses of the leporipoxvirus genus cause tumors in their hosts (rabbits), these being the only tumorigenic viruses in the family (1,2). | 1992 | 21390715 |
| a novel candidate hiv vaccine vector based on the replication deficient capripoxvirus, lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv). | abstract: background: the capripoxvirus, lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) has a restricted host-range and is being investigated as a novel hiv-1 vaccine vector. lsdv does not complete its replication cycle in non-ruminant hosts. methods: the safety of lsdv was tested at doses of 10e4 and 10e6 plaque forming units in two strains of immunocompromised mice, namely rag mice and cd4 t cell knockout mice. lsdv expressing hiv-1 subtype c gag, reverse transcriptase (rt), tat and nef as a polyprotein (grt ... | 2011 | 21624130 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the large family of poxvirus ankyrin-repeat proteins reveals ortholog groups within and across chordopoxvirus genera. | ankyrin-repeat (ank) protein-interaction domains are common in cellular proteins but are rare in viruses. chordopoxviruses, however, encode a large number of ank domain-containing open reading frames (orfs) of largely unknown function. recently, a second protein-interaction domain, an f-box-like motif, was identified in several poxvirus ank proteins. cellular f-box proteins recruit substrates to the ubiquitination machinery of the cell, a putative function for ank/poxviral f-box proteins. using ... | 2011 | 21752962 |
| detection of lumpy skin disease virus antigen and genomic dna in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from an egyptian outbreak in 2006. | an outbreak of lumpy skin disease (lsd) was reported in 2006 in egypt affecting 16 provinces. biopsies and post-mortem tissue samples were collected from calves that showed typical clinical signs of lsd and fixed in formalin. these samples were collected from a private dairy farm in the damietta province of egypt. formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples were assessed using histology, and skin lesions were classified as either acute or subacute/chronic. both lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv ... | 2011 | 21699673 |
| prospects of control and eradication of capripox from the indian subcontinent: a perspective. | sheeppox and goatpox, two endemic capripox infections in india, pose a significant economic threat to small ruminant productivity in the subcontinent. vaccination of all susceptible sheep and goats is the feasible and sustainable means of control. availability of effective live attenuated vaccines that are inherently thermostable and development of improved diagnostics provide the opportunities to initiate effective control measures for capripox. all animals older than 4months can be vaccinated ... | 2011 | 21699920 |
| validation of a high-throughput real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of capripoxviral dna. | capripoxviruses, which are endemic in much of africa and asia, are the aetiological agents of economically devastating poxviral diseases in cattle, sheep and goats. the aim of this study was to validate a high-throughput real-time pcr assay for routine diagnostic use in a capripoxvirus reference laboratory. the performance of two previously published real-time pcr methods were compared using commercially available reagents including the amplification kits recommended in the original publication. ... | 2011 | 22138682 |
| phylogenetic analysis of chinese sheeppox and goatpox virus isolates. | abstract: background: sheeppox virus (sppv) and goatpox virus (gtpv), members of the capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae family are causative agents of sheep pox and goat pox respectively, which are important contagious diseases and endemic in central and northern africa, the middle and far east, and the indian sub-continent. both sheep pox and goat pox can cause wool and hide damage, and reduce the production of mutton and milk, which may result in significant economic losses and threaten th ... | 2012 | 22264255 |