| serum concentrations of lipids, vitamin d metabolites, retinol, retinyl esters, tocopherols and selected carotenoids in twelve captive wild felid species at four zoos. | serum concentrations of several nutrients were measured in 12 captive wild felid species including caracal (felis caracal), cheetah (acinonyx jubatus), cougar (felis concolor), fishing cat (felis viverrinus), leopard (panthera pardus), lion (panthera leo), ocelot (felis pardalis), pallas cat (felis manul), sand cat (felis margarita), serval (felis serval), snow leopard (panthera uncia) and tiger (panthera tigris). diet information was collected for these animals from each participating zoo (broo ... | 2003 | 12514284 |
| tracking cats: problems with placing feline carnivores on δo, δd isoscapes. | several felids are endangered and threatened by the illegal wildlife trade. establishing geographic origin of tissues of endangered species is thus crucial for wildlife crime investigations and effective conservation strategies. as shown in other species, stable isotope analysis of hydrogen and oxygen in hair (δd(h), δ(18)o(h)) can be used as a tool for provenance determination. however, reliably predicting the spatial distribution of δd(h) and δ(18)o(h) requires confirmation from animal tissues ... | 2011 | 21931770 |
| Content Analysis of Newspaper Coverage of the Florida Panther. | Populations of large carnivores are declining globally, and analysis of public discourse about carnivores is useful for understanding public opinion and influences on management and policy. Portrayal of carnivores in the media affects public perceptions and support for their conservation. We conducted a content analysis of 513 articles about Florida panthers (Puma concolor coryi) published from 2003 to 2006 in newspapers with local circulation in core panther habitat in southwest Florida and p ... | 2011 | 21978166 |
| hemoplasmas in wild canids and felids in brazil. | hemotropic mycoplasmas, epicellular erythrocytic bacterial parasites lacking a cell wall, are the causative agents of infectious anemia in numerous mammalian species. the presence of hemotropic mycoplasmas in blood samples of neotropical and exotic wild canids and felids from brazilian zoos were recorded using molecular techniques. blood samples were collected from 146 brazilian wild felids, 19 exotic felids, 3 european wolves (canis lupus), and from 97 brazilian wild canids from zoos in the bra ... | 2011 | 22946419 |
| bilateral eyelid agenesis repair in a captive texas cougar. | bilateral eyelid agenesis was presented with multiple ocular anomalies in a captive texas cougar (felis concolor). corneal exposure resulted in substantial keratoconjunctivitis and blepharospasm. bilateral inferopapillary fundic colobomas, persistent pupillary membranes, and an atypical iris coloboma od were present. surgical repair with a rotational pedicle flap resulted in functionally effective eyelids. trichiasis was later treated with cryotherapy. eyelid agenesis is reported infrequently in ... | 2002 | 12236863 |
| gastroduodenal adenocarcinomas and rectal adenoma in a cougar (felis concolor) infected with helicobacter-like organisms and spirochetes. | a 14-year-old female cougar died from gastroduodenal adenocarcinomas and rectal adenoma. at necropsy, polypoid tumor masses of various sizes were scattered on the mucosal surfaces of the stomach, duodenum, and rectum. histologically, the gastric tumor was diagnosed as an intestinal type adenocarcinoma and the tumor cells metastasized to the mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, and lung. helicobacter-like organisms were detected in the lumina lined by foveolar epithelium. in the duodenum, the carcinom ... | 2002 | 11913552 |
| ticks and rickettsiae from wildlife in belize, central america. | the agents of spotted fevers in latin america are rickettsia rickettsii, r. parkeri, rickettsia sp. strain atlantic rainforest, and r. massiliae. in continental central america, r. rickettsii remains the only known pathogenic tick-borne rickettsia. in the present study, ticks were collected from wild mammals in natural areas of belize. besides providing new data of ticks from belize, we investigated rickettsial infection in some of these ticks. our results provide ticks harboring rickettsial age ... | 2016 | 26831147 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in captive neotropical felids from brazil. | seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii was determined in 865 captive neotropical felids from 20 states from brazil, sampled from september 1995 to april 1997. sera were tested by the modified agglutination test (mat) using formalin-fixed whole tachyzoites and mercaptoethanol. antibodies (mat> or =1:20) to t. gondii were found in 472 of 865 (54.6%) cats: in 45 of 99 (45.9%) jaguarundis (herpailurus yagouaroundi), in 97 of 168 (57.7%) ocelots (leopardus pardalis), in 68 of 131 (51.9%) oncillas (l. ti ... | 2001 | 11777601 |
| trophic facilitation or limitation? comparative effects of pumas and black bears on the scavenger community. | scavenging is a widespread behaviour and an important process influencing food webs and ecological communities. large carnivores facilitate the movement of energy across trophic levels through the scavenging and decomposition of their killed prey, but competition with large carnivores is also likely to constrain acquisition of carrion by scavengers. we used an experimental approach based on motion-triggered video cameras at black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus columbianus) carcasses to measure ... | 2014 | 25010629 |
| a landscape analysis of cougar distribution and abundance in montana, usa. | recent growth in the distribution and abundance of cougars (puma concolor) throughout western north america has created opportunities, challenges, and problems for wildlife managers and raises questions about what factors affect cougar populations. we present an analysis of factors thought to affect cougar distribution and abundance across the broad geographical scales on which most population management decisions are made. our objectives were to: (1) identify and evaluate landscape parameters t ... | 2001 | 11531235 |
| a conservation-based approach to compensation for livestock depredation: the florida panther case study. | calf (bos taurus) depredation by the federally endangered florida panther (puma concolor coryi) on ranches in southwest florida is an important issue because ranches represent mixed landscapes that provide habitat critical to panther recovery. the objectives of this study were to (1) quantify calf depredation by panthers on two ranches in southwest florida, and (2) develop a habitat suitability model to evaluate the quality of panther hunting habitat on ranchlands, assess whether the model could ... | 2015 | 26421433 |
| high prevalence of trichinella pseudospiralis in florida panthers (puma concolor coryi). | parasites of the genus trichinella are zoonotic nematodes common in carnivores throughout the world. we determined the prevalence and species of trichinella infections in florida panthers (puma concolor coryi). | 2015 | 25649739 |
| plasma cortisol levels in captive wild felines after chemical restraint. | eight panthera onca (po), 13 felis concolor (fc), 7 felis yagouaroundi (fy), 7 felis tigrina (ft) and 5 felis pardalis (fp) specimens from são paulo state zoos were used. all animals were restrained with darts containing 10 mg/kg ketamine and 1 mg/kg xylazine. venous blood samples were collected as soon as possible (within 15-20 min) and serum was frozen until the time for cortisol quantification. cortisol was determined using a solid phase radioimmunoassay with an intra-assay coefficient of 8.5 ... | 1997 | 9532247 |
| molecular evolution of mitochondrial 12s rna and cytochrome b sequences in the pantherine lineage of felidae. | dna sequence comparisons of two mitochondrial dna genes were used to infer phylogenetic relationships among 17 felidae species, notably 15 in the previously described pantherine lineage. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to generate sequences of 358 base pairs of the mitochondrial 12s rna gene and 289 base pairs of the cytochrome b protein coding gene. dna sequences were compared within and between 17 felid and five nonfelid carnivore species. evolutionary trees were constructed using ... | 1995 | 7544865 |
| successful induced ovulation and artificial insemination in the puma (felis concolor). | | 1981 | 7269176 |
| [presence in costi rica of echinococcus oligarthrus diesing 1863, collected in the small intestine of felis concolor costaricensis]. | | 1973 | 4781534 |
| immobilizing wild mountain lions (felis concolor) with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride. | a mixture of 120 mg ketamine hydrochloride (khcl)/20 mg xylazine hydrochloride (xhcl)/ml was used to immobilize 37 wild mountain lions (felis concolor) 46 times. observations were recorded during 37 trials that included kittens, adult females, and adult males. dosages were based on 11 mg khcl and 1.8 mg xhcl/kg estimated body weight. actual doses for 24 lions requiring a single injection for immobilization ranged from 4.7-15.8 mg khcl/kg and 0.8-2.6 mg xhcl/kg. induction, duration, and recovery ... | 1986 | 3951066 |
| mycoplasma felifaucium, a new species isolated from the respiratory tract of pumas. | mycoplasmas isolated from the throats of three pumas (felis concolor) were each cloned and examined in detail. all three were serologically and biologically indistinguishable from each other, and were serologically distinct from 83 recognized mycoplasma and acholeplasma species. they were designated as a new species, mycoplasma felifaucium, with strain pu (nctc 11703) as the type strain. | 1986 | 3794642 |
| oocyte recovery, maturation and fertilization in vitro in the puma (felis concolor). | eight female pumas were treated i.m. with 1000 (n = 5) or 2000 (n = 3) i.u. pmsg followed 84 h later by 800 i.u. hcg. eggs were recovered 24-26 h after hcg from ovarian follicles by using laparoscopy and transabdominal aspiration. mature eggs were inseminated in vitro 4-6 h later whereas immature eggs were cultured for 24 h and then inseminated. electroejaculates from 3 pumas were diluted with mkrb before insemination to evaluate the influence of sperm concentration on fertilization. seven of 8 ... | 1990 | 2313641 |
| iatrogenic transmission of cytauxzoon felis from a florida panther (felix concolor coryi) to a domestic cat. | a laboratory cat died 12 days after intraperitoneal inoculation of a 1 ml suspension containing 1.5 x 10(6) blood mononuclear cells from a florida panther (felis concolor coryi). gross, histologic and ultrastructural investigations revealed the cause of death to be infection by cytauxzoon felis, a protozoal parasite known to cause a rapidly fatal disease (cytauxzoonosis) in domestic cats. the bobcat (felis rufus) has been identified as a natural host for c. felis. this report implicates the flor ... | 1991 | 2067059 |
| amyloid in the pancreatic islets of the cougar (felis concolor) is derived from islet amyloid polypeptide (iapp). | 1. islet amyloid isolated from the pancreas of a 20-year-old cougar (felis concolor) was dissolved and purified by gel permeation and reversed phase hplc for amino acid sequence analysis. 2. n-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of the purified protein revealed a primary structure (positions 1-28) identical to islet amyloid polypeptide (iapp) from domesticated cats. 3. iapp from the cougar, like iapp from the human and domesticated cat, incorporates an inherently amyloidogenic ails sequence at ... | 1991 | 2060275 |
| assessing timing and causes of neonatal lamb losses in a bighorn sheep ovis canadensis canadensis herd via use of vaginal implant transmitters. | we evaluated the use of vaginal implant transmitters (vits) as a means of detecting, capturing, and radio collaring rocky mountain bighorn sheep ( ovis canadensis canadensis) lambs to estimate survival and to facilitate carcass recovery to assess causes of mortality. we focused on one of several bighorn herds in colorado, usa, suffering from depressed recruitment that was not preceded by a classic all-age die-off. we captured, radio-collared, diagnosed pregnancy by ultrasound examination, and in ... | 2017 | 28192042 |
| gastrointestinal parasites of cougars (felis concolor) in washington and the first report of ollulanus tricuspis in a sylvatic felid from north america. | gastrointestinal helminths including two species of cestodes (taenia omissa and t. ovis krabbei) and three species of nematodes (toxocara cati, cylicospirura subequalis and ollulanus tricuspis) are reported from two free-ranging cougars (felis concolor) in washington (usa). ollulanus tricuspis is reported for the first time from cougars and represents the first occurrence of this parasite in a sylvatic felid from north america. | 1992 | 1548792 |
| spongiform encephalopathy in a captive puma (felis concolor). | a captive adult puma developed ataxia, a hypermetric gait and whole body tremor. the signs progressed over a period of six weeks. histopathological examination following euthanasia demonstrated spongiform encephalopathy, gliosis and mild non-suppurative meningoencephalitis. immunostaining with a polyclonal antiserum revealed prion protein (prp) associated with these changes in sections of cervical spinal cord and medulla. this is the first confirmed case of a scrapie-like spongiform encephalopat ... | 1992 | 1455592 |
| alaria (alaria) marcianae (larue 1917) walton 1950 (trematoda: diplostomatidae) from a mountain lion, felis concolor acrocodia goldman, from paraguay. | | 1977 | 859076 |
| a skeletal growth defect in the puma (felis concolor). | clinical and radiological signs shown by a young deformed puma cub, and the pathological findings following its euthanasia at eight months, are presented. these findings do not resemble those in the recognised nutritional bone diseases of the growing carnivore, but closely resemble an hereditary disease of the dog and, at least in one respect, an hereditary disease in man. this case may be an example of hereditary chondrodysplastic dwarfism in the puma. an unusual finding was the presence of iro ... | 1978 | 734877 |
| pathogenicity attributed to massive infection of nanophyetus salmincola in a cougar. | an estimated 650,000 nanophyetus salmincola were recovered from the small intestine of a wild female cougar kitten (felis concolor). the trematodes stimulated marked mucosal thickening in the duodenum and jejunum and caused a marked enteritis. malnutrition was listed as the cause of death due to impaired nutrient absorption resulting from the combined effects of the diarrhea and thickening of the intestine. | 1979 | 501847 |
| variation in the its-1 and its-2 rrna genomic regions of cytauxzoon felis from bobcats and pumas in the eastern united states and comparison with sequences from domestic cats. | cytauxzoon felis, a tick-borne protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of cytauxzoonosis in domestic cats in the united states. the natural reservoir for this parasite is the bobcat (lynx rufus), which typically does not develop clinical signs. although not likely important reservoirs, c. felis has also been detected in pumas (puma concolor) in florida and louisiana. recent studies suggest that specific genotypes of c. felis that circulate in domestic cats may be associated with variable clin ... | 2012 | 22776107 |
| pathogen exposure varies widely among sympatric populations of wild and domestic felids across the united states. | understanding how landscape, host, and pathogen traits contribute to disease exposure requires systematic evaluations of pathogens within and among host species and geographic regions. the relative importance of these attributes is critical for management of wildlife and mitigating domestic animal and human disease, particularly given rapid ecological changes, such as urbanization. we screened > 1000 samples from sympatric populations of puma (puma concolor), bobcat (lynx rufus), and domestic ca ... | 2016 | 27209780 |
| factors associated with pathogen seroprevalence and infection in rocky mountain cougars. | serological and genetic material collected over 15 years (1990-2004) from 207 cougars (puma concolor) in four populations in the rocky mountains were examined for evidence of current or prior exposure to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), feline parvovirus (fpv), feline coronavirus (fcov), feline calicivirus (fcv), canine distemper virus (cdv), feline herpesvirus (fhv), and yersinia pestis. serologic data were analyzed for annual variation in seroconversions to assess whether these pathogens a ... | 2006 | 17092891 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus cross-species transmission: implications for emergence of new lentiviral infections. | owing to a complex history of host-parasite coevolution, lentiviruses exhibit a high degree of species specificity. given the well-documented viral archeology of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) emergence following human exposures to simian immunodeficiency virus (siv), an understanding of processes that promote successful cross-species lentiviral transmissions is highly relevant. we previously reported natural cross-species transmission of a subtype of feline immunodeficiency virus, puma lent ... | 2017 | 28003486 |
| characterization of regionally associated feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in bobcats (lynx rufus). | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) classically infects felid species with highly divergent species-specific fivs. however, recent studies have detected an fiv strain infecting both bobcats (lynx rufus) and pumas (puma concolor) in california and florida. to further investigate this observation, we evaluated fiv from bobcats in florida (n=25) and colorado (n=80) between 2008 and 2011. partial viral sequences from five florida bobcats cluster with previously published sequences from florida panth ... | 2013 | 23778629 |
| complete genome sequences of two novel puma concolor foamy viruses from california. | we report two complete foamy retrovirus (fv) genomes isolated from puma concolor, a large cat native to the americas. due to high overall genetic relatedness to known feline foamy viruses (ffvs), we propose the name puma concolor ffv (ffvpc). the data confirm that felines are infected with distinct but closely related fvs. | 2013 | 23516229 |
| risk factors associated with sero-positivity to toxoplasma gondii in captive neotropical felids from brazil. | from september 1995 to february 2001, blood samples were collected from 865 neotropical felids belonging to 8 different species. these animals were housed in 86 institutions located in 78 cities of 20 brazilian states. our goal was to identify the risk factors associated with sero-positivity to toxoplasma gondii in captive neotropical felids from brazil. all serum samples were tested by the modified agglutination test (mat), using formalin-fixed whole tachyzoites and mercaptoethanol. for each an ... | 2007 | 17140683 |
| genetic consequences of sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore: yellowstone cougars. | male-biased dispersal is a common trait in mammals, including carnivores, but its genetic consequences at the population level have been rarely considered for solitary species. we used long-term genetic data from cougars (puma concolor) in and around yellowstone national park to test predictions based on differences in dispersal behaviour among males and females. consistent with frequent long-distance dispersal of males, we found support for our prediction of less than expected allele sharing in ... | 2006 | 17148391 |
| detection of toxolasma gondii in captive wild felids. | toxoplasma gondii can infect all species of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and causes serious diseases in immunocompromized hosts. live tachyzoites derived from serial passage in hela culture were used in the sabin-feldman dye test for detection of toxoplasma gondii antibody in serum samples of 21 captive wild felids including one fishing cat (prion nailurus viverrina), one leopard (panthera pardus), two flat-headed cats (prion nailurus planiceps), 6 tigers (panthera tigris), two leopar ... | 2006 | 17547043 |
| trichinella infection in wild animals from endemic regions of argentina. | natural infection with trichinella has been described in more than 150 mammalian species. however, few reports of trichinella infection in wild animals have come from argentina. in this study, muscle tissue was obtained from wild animals in argentina with the aim of evaluating the presence of trichinella. a total of 169 muscle samples were collected to determine the presence of trichinella larvae by artificial digestion. the 169 muscle samples originated from 12 species including 36 opossums (di ... | 2010 | 20424859 |
| Resource selection and its implications for wide-ranging mammals of the brazilian cerrado. | Conserving animals beyond protected areas is critical because even the largest reserves may be too small to maintain viable populations for many wide-ranging species. Identification of landscape features that will promote persistence of a diverse array of species is a high priority, particularly, for protected areas that reside in regions of otherwise extensive habitat loss. This is the case for Emas National Park, a small but important protected area located in the Brazilian Cerrado, the world' ... | 2011 | 22205984 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in captive mammals in three zoos in mexico city, mexico. | antibodies to toxoplasma gondii were determined in 167 mammals in three zoos in mexico city, mexico, using the modified agglutination test (mat). overall, antibodies to t. gondii were found in 89 (53.3%) of the 167 animals tested. antibodies were found in 35 of 43 wild felidae: 2 of 2 bobcats (lynx rufus); 4 of 4 cougars (puma concolor); 10 of 13 jaguars (panthera onca); 5 of 5 leopards (panthera pardus); 7 of 7 lions (panthera leo); 2 of 3 tigers (panthera tigris); 2 of 3 ocelots (leopardus par ... | 2013 | 24063119 |
| high proportion of male faeces in jaguar populations. | faeces provide relevant biological information which includes, with the application of genetic techniques, the sex and identity of individuals that defecated, thus providing potentially useful data on the behaviour and ecology of individuals, as well as the dynamics and structure of populations. this paper presents estimates of the sex ratio of different felid species (jaguar, panthera onca; puma, puma concolor; and ocelot/margay, leopardus pardalis/leopardus wiedi) as observed in field collecte ... | 2012 | 23285226 |
| trichinella patagoniensis n. sp. (nematoda), a new encapsulated species infecting carnivorous mammals in south america. | until a few years ago, trichinella spiralis was the only taxon of the genus trichinella detected in both domestic and wild animals of south america. recently, a new genotype, named trichinella t12, was identified in cougars (puma concolor) from argentina, on the basis of molecular studies using mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal markers. in the present study, cross-breeding experiments indicated that trichinella t12 is reproductively isolated from all other encapsulated trichinella spp. and sug ... | 2012 | 22921601 |
| the effects of a probiotic on blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations in large felids. | chronic kidney disease is a common finding in older captive exotic felids. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a probiotic to reduce blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in large felids. fifteen adult, large felids (6 tigers [panthera tigris], 5 lions [panthera leo], 3 cougars [puma concolor], and 1 leopard [panthera pardus]) were administered a probiotic twice daily after a baseline complete blood cell count and plasma chemistry panel was obtained. plasma chemistry valu ... | 2011 | 22950314 |
| analytical methods for chemical and sensory characterization of scent-markings in large wild mammals: a review. | in conjoining the disciplines of "ethology" and "chemistry" the field of "ethochemistry" has been instituted. ethochemistry is an effective tool in conservation efforts of endangered species and the understanding of behavioral patterns across all species. chemical constituents of scent-markings have an important, yet poorly understood function in territoriality, reproduction, dominance, and impact on evolutionary biology, especially in large mammals. particular attention has recently been focuse ... | 2014 | 24603639 |
| leukoencephalomyelopathy of mature captive cheetahs and other large felids: a novel neurodegenerative disease that came and went? | a novel leukoencephalomyelopathy was identified in 73 mature male and female large captive felids between 1994 and 2005. while the majority of identified cases occurred in cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus), the disease was also found in members of 2 other subfamilies of felidae: 1 generic tiger (panthera tigris) and 2 florida panthers (puma concolor coryi). the median age at time of death was 12 years, and all but 1 cheetah were housed in the united states. characteristic clinical history included pro ... | 2014 | 24129896 |
| movement, resting, and attack behaviors of wild pumas are revealed by tri-axial accelerometer measurements. | accelerometers are useful tools for biologists seeking to gain a deeper understanding of the daily behavior of cryptic species. we describe how we used gps and tri-axial accelerometer (sampling at 64 hz) collars to monitor behaviors of free-ranging pumas (puma concolor), which are difficult or impossible to observe in the wild. we attached collars to twelve pumas in the santa cruz mountains, ca from 2010-2012. by implementing random forest models, we classified behaviors in wild pumas based on t ... | 2015 | 25709837 |
| hypercarnivorous apex predator could provide ecosystem services by dispersing seeds. | large "hypercarnivorous" felids are recognized for their role as apex predators and hence as key elements in food webs and ecosystem functioning through competition and depredation. here we show that cougars (puma concolor), one of the largest and the most widely ranging apex felid predators with a strictly carnivorous diet, could also be effective secondary long distance seed dispersers, potentially establishing direct and non-herbivore mediated interactions with plant species at the bottom of ... | 2016 | 26791932 |
| jaguar interactions with pumas and prey at the northern edge of jaguars' range. | we present the first study that evaluates jaguar-puma interactions in the arid lands of northern mexico, where jaguars have their northernmost breeding population and both predators are persecuted for livestock depredation. we tested whether jaguars are the dominant species in this unique ecosystem, where: (1) pumas outnumber jaguars, (2) pumas are better adapted to arid environments, and (3) jaguars and pumas are of similar size. we analyzed four years of data with two approaches; a two species ... | 2017 | 28133569 |
| human expansion precipitates niche expansion for an opportunistic apex predator (puma concolor). | there is growing recognition that developed landscapes are important systems in which to promote ecological complexity and conservation. yet, little is known about processes regulating these novel ecosystems, or behaviours employed by species adapting to them. we evaluated the isotopic niche of an apex carnivore, the cougar (puma concolor), over broad spatiotemporal scales and in a region characterized by rapid landscape change. we detected a shift in resource use, from near complete specializat ... | 2016 | 28008961 |
| nuisance ecology: do scavenging condors exact foraging costs on pumas in patagonia? | predation risk describes the energetic cost an animal suffers when making a trade off between maximizing energy intake and minimizing threats to its survival. we tested whether andean condors (vultur gryphus) influenced the foraging behaviors of a top predator in patagonia, the puma (puma concolor), in ways comparable to direct risks of predation for prey to address three questions: 1) do condors exact a foraging cost on pumas?; 2) if so, do pumas exhibit behaviors indicative of these risks?; an ... | 2013 | 23301093 |
| zoonotic vector-borne bacterial pathogens in california mountain lions (puma concolor), 1987-2010. | sera collected from 442 mountain lions in 48 california counties between the years of 1987 and 2010 were tested using immunofluorescence assays and agglutination tests for the presence of antibodies reactive to yersinia pestis, francisella tularensis, bartonella henselae, borrelia burgdorferi, and anaplasma phagocytophilum antigens. data were analyzed for spatial and temporal trends in seropositivity. seroprevalences for b. burgdorferi (19.9%) and b. henselae (37.1%) were relatively high, with t ... | 2012 | 22925024 |
| cross transmission of gastrointestinal nematodes between captive neotropical felids and feral cats. | pathogen cross transmission between wildlife and domestic animals represents an extinction risk for wildlife; however, reliable verification is difficult to perform, and in some cases, it is even considered unlikely to be conducted. the aim of this work was to identify cross transmission of helminths between feral cats and captive wild felids at a zoological park in southeastern mexico. feces were collected from jaguars (panthera onca), cougars (puma concolor), ocelots (leopardus pardalis), marg ... | 2013 | 24450052 |
| data from camera surveys identifying co-occurrence and occupancy linkages between fishers (pekania pennanti), rodent prey, mesocarnivores, and larger predators in mixed-conifer forests. | these data provide additional information relevant to the frequency of fisher detections by camera traps, and single-season occupancy and local persistence of fishers in small patches of forest habitats detailed elsewhere, "landscape fuel reduction, forest fire, and biophysical linkages to local habitat use and local persistence of fishers (pekania pennanti) in sierra nevada mixed-conifer forests" [10]. the data provides insight on camera trap detections of 3 fisher predators (bobcat [lynx rufus ... | 2016 | 26937448 |
| isolation of bartonella henselae, bartonella koehlerae subsp. koehlerae, bartonella koehlerae subsp. bothieri and a new subspecies of b. koehlerae from free-ranging lions (panthera leo) from south africa, cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) from namibia and captive cheetahs from california. | bartonellae are blood- and vector-borne gram-negative bacteria, recognized as emerging pathogens. whole-blood samples were collected from 58 free-ranging lions (panthera leo) in south africa and 17 cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) from namibia. blood samples were also collected from 11 cheetahs (more than once for some of them) at the san diego wildlife safari park. bacteria were isolated from the blood of three (5%) lions, one (6%) namibian cheetah and eight (73%) cheetahs from california. the lion ... | 2016 | 27453220 |
| isolation of bartonella henselae and two new bartonella subspecies, bartonellakoehlerae subspecies boulouisii subsp. nov. and bartonella koehlerae subspecies bothieri subsp. nov. from free-ranging californian mountain lions and bobcats. | domestic cats are the natural reservoir of bartonella henselae, b. clarridgeiae and b. koehlerae. to determine the role of wild felids in the epidemiology of bartonella infections, blood was collected from 14 free-ranging california mountain lions (puma concolor) and 19 bobcats (lynx rufus). bartonella spp. were isolated from four (29%) mountain lions and seven (37%) bobcats. these isolates were characterized using growth characteristics, biochemical reactions, molecular techniques, including pc ... | 2016 | 26981874 |
| does sex matter? temporal and spatial patterns of cougar-human conflict in british columbia. | wildlife-human conflicts occur wherever large carnivores overlap human inhabited areas. conflict mitigation can be facilitated by understanding long-term dynamics and examining sex-structured conflict patterns. predicting areas with high probability of conflict helps focus management strategies in order to proactively decrease carnivore mortality. we investigated the importance of cougar (puma concolor) habitat, human landscape characteristics and the combination of habitat and human features on ... | 2013 | 24040312 |
| serologic survey of trichinellosis in wild mammals kept in a mexico city zoo. | a serologic survey of trichinella infection was carried out to determine the prevalence of this parasitosis among wild mammals kept in captivity at the chapultepec zoo. this was prompted by the necropsy finding of a heavy trichinella infection in a canadian polar bear (ursus maritimus) that had been kept at the zoo for more than 11 years. the parasites recovered were identified as t. nativa (t2). a serologic study based on elisa and western blot analysis was performed in serum samples from two p ... | 1996 | 9017871 |
| bartonella rochalimae and b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in wild carnivores from colorado, usa. | spleen samples from 292 wild carnivores from colorado, us were screened for bartonella infection. bartonella dna was detected in coyotes ( canis latrans ) (28%), striped skunks ( mephitis mephitis ) (23%), red foxes ( vulpes vulpes ) (27%), and raccoons ( procyon lotor ) (8%) but not in black bears ( ursus americanus ), gray foxes ( urocyon cinereoargenteus ), and mountain lions ( puma concolor ). two bartonella species, b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and b. rochalimae, were identified. all 10 in ... | 2016 | 27529290 |
| attractiveness of native mammal's feces of different trophic guilds to dung beetles (coleoptera: scarabaeinae). | mammal feces are the primary food and nesting resource for the majority of dung beetle species, and larval development depends on the quantity and quality of that resource. physiological necessities, competitive interactions, and resource sharing are common and suggest that dung beetles may show preferences for feces of greater nutritional quality, which may in turn impact beetle assemblages and community structure. this study investigated whether attractiveness of dung beetles to different reso ... | 2014 | 25528749 |
| exposure of free-ranging wild carnivores and domestic dogs to canine distemper virus and parvovirus in the cerrado of central brazil. | human population growth around protected areas increases the contact between wild and domestic animals, promoting disease transmission between them. this study investigates the exposure of free-ranging wild carnivores and domestic dogs to canine distemper virus (cdv) and parvovirus in emas national park (enp) in the cerrado savanna of central brazil. serum samples were collected from 169 wild carnivores, including the maned wolf (chrysocyon brachyurus), crab-eating fox (cerdocyon thous), hoary f ... | 2016 | 27469023 |
| canine distemper virus in wild felids of costa rica. | several highly infectious diseases can be transmitted through feces and cause elevated mortality among carnivore species. one such infectious agent, canine distemper virus (cdv; paramyxoviridae: morbillivirus), has been reported to affect wild carnivores, among them several felid species. we screened free-ranging and captive wild carnivores in costa rica for cdv. between 2006 and 2012, we collected 306 fecal samples from 70 jaguars (panther onca), 71 ocelots ( leopardus pardalis ), five jaguarun ... | 2016 | 26967127 |
| risk factors for exposure to feline pathogens in california mountain lions (puma concolor). | the primary challenge to mountain lion population viability in california is habitat loss and fragmentation. these habitat impacts could enhance disease risk by increasing contact with domestic animals and by altering patterns of exposure to other wild felids. we performed a serologic survey for feline pathogens in california mountain lions (puma concolor) using 490 samples from 45 counties collected from 1990 to 2008. most mountain lions sampled were killed because of depredation or public safe ... | 2013 | 23568903 |
| genetic predictions of prion disease susceptibility in carnivore species based on variability of the prion gene coding region. | mammalian species vary widely in their apparent susceptibility to prion diseases. for example, several felid species developed prion disease (feline spongiform encephalopathy or fse) during the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) epidemic in the united kingdom, whereas no canine bse cases were detected. whether either of these or other groups of carnivore species can contract other prion diseases (e.g. chronic wasting disease or cwd) remains an open question. variation in the host-encoded pri ... | 2012 | 23236380 |
| evaluation of cytauxzoon felis infection status in captive-born wild felids housed in an area endemic for the pathogen. | to determine whether apparently healthy captive-born wild felids that were not native to north america and were housed in an area endemic for cytauxzoon felis harbored the pathogen. | 2012 | 23039987 |
| novel gammaherpesviruses in north american domestic cats, bobcats, and pumas: identification, prevalence, and risk factors. | gammaherpesviruses (ghvs) are a diverse and rapidly expanding group of viruses associated with a variety of disease conditions in humans and animals. to identify felid ghvs, we screened domestic cat (felis catus), bobcat (lynx rufus), and puma (puma concolor) blood cell dna samples from california, colorado, and florida using a degenerate pan-ghv pcr. additional pan-ghv and long-distance pcrs were used to sequence a contiguous 3.4-kb region of each putative virus species, including partial glyco ... | 2014 | 24453374 |
| lagochilascaris minor (nematoda: ascarididae) from a wild cougar ( puma concolor ) in mexico. | we document parasitation of a wild cougar ( puma concolor ) by the nematode lagochilascaris minor in hidalgo state, mexico. this finding contributes to our understanding of the epidemiology of this zoonotic agent in mexico. | 2016 | 27310170 |
| evolution of puma lentivirus in bobcats (lynx rufus) and mountain lions (puma concolor) in north america. | mountain lions (puma concolor) throughout north and south america are infected with puma lentivirus clade b (plvb). a second, highly divergent lentiviral clade, plva, infects mountain lions in southern california and florida. bobcats (lynx rufus) in these two geographic regions are also infected with plva, and to date, this is the only strain of lentivirus identified in bobcats. we sequenced full-length plv genomes in order to characterize the molecular evolution of plv in bobcats and mountain l ... | 2014 | 24741092 |
| molecular and morphological evidence of taenia omissa in pumas (puma concolor) in the peruvian highlands. | a total of 41 cestodes were collected during necropsy examination on 2 pumas (puma concolor) that were found in 2 communities in canchis province, cuzco region, peru, at 4500 meters above sea level (peruvian andes). the cestodes were evaluated morphologically and molecularly. a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) was used as a genetic marker. all the cestodes were identified as taenia omissa. in the present report, we give a brief description by molecular and ... | 2016 | 27580394 |
| detection of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in wild animals in brazil. | toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, toxoplasma gondii, that affects all warm-blooded animals, including wild animals. the increased number of cases of parasitic infections is mainly due to the destruction of environmental conservation areas, which is driving wild animals out of their habitats and towards urban areas. in this study, the occurrence of t. gondii infection was investigated by the modified agglutination test (mat) in 26 differ ... | 2014 | 25278979 |
| what makes a feline fatal in toxoplasma gondii's fatal feline attraction? infected rats choose wild cats. | toxoplasma gondii is an indirectly transmitted protozoan parasite, of which members of the cat family (felidae) are the only definitive hosts and small mammals such as rats serve as intermediate hosts. the innate aversion of rodents to cat odor provides an obstacle for the parasite against successful predation by the feline definitive host. previous research has demonstrated that t. gondii appears to alter a rat's perception of the risk of being preyed upon by cats. although uninfected rats disp ... | 2014 | 24907200 |
| a new atypical genotype mouse virulent strain of toxoplasma gondii isolated from the heart of a wild caught puma (felis concolor) from durango, mexico. | nothing is known of the genetic diversity of toxoplasma gondii circulating in wildlife in mexico. in the present study, a mouse virulent t. gondii strain was isolated from the heart of a wild puma (felis concolor). the puma was found roaming in outskirt of durango city, mexico and tranquilized for moving to a zoo. the puma died during translocation and a necropsy examination was performed. the puma had an antibody titer for t. gondii of 200 by the modified agglutination test. its heart and brain ... | 2013 | 23849518 |
| experimental infection with trichinella t12 in domestic cats. | trichinella spiralis has been documented in wild animals in argentina, including puma, armadillos, rats and wild boars. in 2008, molecular analysis identified trichinella t12 from a naturally infected puma (puma concolor) from patagonia. the aim of the present work was to study the relationship between the infectivity and pathology of trichinella t12 in the puma and in domestic cats, and the possible risks that may be present for transmission among these animals. two cats (a and b) were orally-i ... | 2013 | 23474230 |
| big cat coalitions: a comparative analysis of regional brain volumes in felidae. | broad-based species comparisons across mammalian orders suggest a number of factors that might influence the evolution of large brains. however, the relationship between these factors and total and regional brain size remains unclear. this study investigated the relationship between relative brain size and regional brain volumes and sociality in 13 felid species in hopes of revealing relationships that are not detected in more inclusive comparative studies. in addition, a more detailed analysis ... | 2016 | 27812324 |
| neoplasia in felids at the knoxville zoological gardens, 1979-2003. | a review of medical records and necropsy reports from 1979-2003 found 40 neoplasms in 26 zoo felids, including five lions (panthera leo, two males and three females), three leopards (panthera pardus, two males and one female), one jaguar (panthera onca, female), 11 tigers (panthera tigris, three males and eight females), two snow leopards (panthera uncia, one male and one female), two cougars (felis concolor, one male and one female), one bobcat (felis rufus, male), and one cheetah (acinonyx jub ... | 2008 | 19110704 |
| pathogenicity of the hookworm, ancylostoma pluridentatum, in a florida panther (felis concolor coryi) kitten. | we evaluated clinical signs and administered anthelmintic treatment to a wild-caught, captive florida panther (felis concolor coryi) kitten from big cypress national preserve, florida (usa) infected with the hookworm, ancylostoma pluridentatum. clinical signs observed included poor body condition, lethargy, and below normal red blood cell numbers, hemoglobin concentration, and packed cell volume, and elevated eosinophil numbers. in addition, a maximum of 936 ancylostoma sp. eggs/g of feces were ... | 1994 | 7760486 |
| molecular detection of viral agents in free-ranging and captive neotropical felids in brazil. | we describe molecular testing for felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (fhv-1), carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (cppv-1), feline calicivirus (fcv), alphacoronavirus 1 (feline coronavirus [fcov]), feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and canine distemper virus (cdv) in whole blood samples of 109 free-ranging and 68 captive neotropical felids from brazil. samples from 2 jaguars ( panthera onca) and 1 oncilla ( leopardus tigrinus) were positive for fhv-1; 2 jaguars, 1 puma ( puma conc ... | 2017 | 28677421 |
| molecular detection of infectious pathogens of the upper respiratory tract in captive nondomestic felids. | upper respiratory tract disease is a complex infectious disease process with multiple pathogens involved. identification of infectious agents in wild animals is of great importance for wildlife conservation. the aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular detection of feline herpesvirus type 1, feline calicivirus (fcv), bordetella bronchiseptica , chlamydophila felis , and mycoplasma felis using ocular and nasal swabs in three species of captive nondomestic felids. mycoplasma felis was detec ... | 2017 | 28749292 |
| haematological reference values for adult pumas, lions, tigers, leopards, jaguars and cheetahs. | normal haematological values and fibrinogen levels were obtained from a number of healthy adult felidae in the collection of the zoological society of london. the group comprised 29 pumas (felis concolor), 32 lions (panthera leo), 27 tigers (p tigris), 19 leopards (p pardus), 18 jaguars (p onca) and 22 cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). the values provided a basis for identifying abnormalities in the blood of sick individuals of these species and for undertaking interspecies comparisons. | 1986 | 3775118 |
| using predator-prey theory to predict outcomes of broadscale experiments to reduce apparent competition. | apparent competition is an important process influencing many ecological communities. we used predator-prey theory to predict outcomes of ecosystem experiments aimed at mitigating apparent competition by reducing primary prey. simulations predicted declines in secondary prey following reductions in primary prey because predators consumed more secondary prey until predator numbers responded to reduced prey densities. losses were exacerbated by a higher carrying capacity of primary prey and a long ... | 2015 | 25905509 |
| behavioral response races, predator-prey shell games, ecology of fear, and patch use of pumas and their ungulate prey. | the predator-prey shell game predicts random movement of prey across the landscape, whereas the behavioral response race and landscape of fear models predict that there should be a negative relationship between the spatial distribution of a predator and its behaviorally active prey. additionally, prey have imperfect information on the whereabouts of their predator, which the predator should incorporate in its patch use strategy. i used a one-predator-one-prey system, puma (puma concolor)-mule de ... | 2010 | 21058559 |
| echinococcus oligarthrus in the subtropical region of argentina: first integration of morphological and molecular analyses determines two distinct populations. | echinococcosis is a parasitic zoonosis that is considered as a neglected disease by the world health organization. the species echinococcus oligarthrus is one of the causative agents of neotropical echinococcosis, which is a poorly understood disease that requires a complex medical examination, may threaten human life, and is frequently associated with a low socioeconomic status. morphological and genetic diversity in e. oligarthrus remains unknown. the aim of this work is to identify and charac ... | 2017 | 28433410 |
| basic haematological values in carnivores--ii. the felidae. | 1. basic haematological values in 34 animals of eight carnivorous species are reported. 2. in four northern lynxs (lynx lynx lynx), two male and two female animals, the mean values are given: erythrocyte counts 8.51 x 10(12)/l, haematocrit 0.392/l, haemoglobin content 148.0 g/l and leukocyte count 7.92 x 10(9)/l. 3. in six male pumas (puma concolor missolensis) the mean values estimated are: erythrocyte count 9.35 x 10(12)/l, haematocrit 0.43/l, haemoglobin content 163.9 g/l and leukocyte count ... | 1987 | 2886279 |
| seasonal foraging ecology of non-migratory cougars in a system with migrating prey. | we tested for seasonal differences in cougar (puma concolor) foraging behaviors in the southern yellowstone ecosystem, a multi-prey system in which ungulate prey migrate, and cougars do not. we recorded 411 winter prey and 239 summer prey killed by 28 female and 10 male cougars, and an additional 37 prey items by unmarked cougars. deer composed 42.4% of summer cougar diets but only 7.2% of winter diets. males and females, however, selected different proportions of different prey; male cougars se ... | 2013 | 24349498 |
| high consumption of primates by pumas and ocelots in a remnant of the brazilian atlantic forest. | we studied the diet of the ocelot and puma during the years 2007 and 2008 at the feliciano miguel abdala reserve, in minas gerais, south-eastern brazil. we collected 49 faecal samples (scats) from cats, and identified the species of cat from 23 of them by the analysis of the microstructure patterns of hairs found in their faeces: 17 scats of the puma (puma concolor) and six of the ocelot (leopardus pardalis). in the puma scats, we identified three species of primates (brachyteles hypoxanthus, al ... | 2014 | 25296212 |
| resistance to antibiotics of clinical relevance in the fecal microbiota of mexican wildlife. | there are a growing number of reports of antibiotic resistance (atbr) in bacteria living in wildlife. this is a cause for concern as atbr in wildlife represents a potential public health threat. however, little is known about the factors that might determine the presence, abundance and dispersion of atbr bacteria in wildlife. here, we used culture and molecular methods to assess atbr in bacteria in fecal samples from howler monkeys (alouatta palliata), spider monkeys (ateles geoffroyi), tapirs ( ... | 2014 | 25233089 |
| weather and prey predict mammals' visitation to water. | throughout many arid lands of africa, australia and the united states, wildlife agencies provide water year-round for increasing game populations and enhancing biodiversity, despite concerns that water provisioning may favor species more dependent on water, increase predation, and reduce biodiversity. in part, understanding the effects of water provisioning requires identifying why and when animals visit water. employing this information, by matching water provisioning with use by target species ... | 2015 | 26560518 |
| livestock predation by puma (puma concolor) in the highlands of a southeastern brazilian atlantic forest. | we evaluated local opinion about reducing livestock losses to puma (puma concolor) and the potential for conflict among livestock breeders inside a protected area in the highlands of a southeastern brazilian atlantic forest. we also quantified the number and type of livestock losses, and determined if predation by puma was correlated with property profile and landscape characteristics. we conducted semistructured interviews with 42 livestock breeders sampled in 36 rural properties. when asked ho ... | 2015 | 26092051 |
| [population estimates and conservation of felids (carnivora: felidae) in northern quintana roo, mexico]. | wildlife density estimates provide an idea of the current state of populations, and in some cases, reflect the conservation status of ecosystems, essential aspects for effective management actions. in mexico, several regions have been identified as high priority areas for the conservation of species that have some level of risk, like the yucatan peninsula (yp), where the country has the largest population of jaguars. however, little is known about the current status of threatened and endangered ... | 2015 | 26666134 |
| ocelot population status in protected brazilian atlantic forest. | forest fragmentation and habitat loss are detrimental to top carnivores, such as jaguars (panthera onca) and pumas (puma concolor), but effects on mesocarnivores, such as ocelots (leopardus pardalis), are less clear. ocelots need native forests, but also might benefit from the local extirpation of larger cats such as pumas and jaguars through mesopredator release. we used a standardized camera trap protocol to assess ocelot populations in six protected areas of the atlantic forest in southeaster ... | 2015 | 26560347 |
| using detection dogs and genetic analyses of scat to expand knowledge and assist felid conservation in misiones, argentina. | many carnivores require large ranges to meet their ecological and energetic needs; however, anthropogenic changes threaten species and their habitats. camera traps have been used to effectively collect data on carnivores in a variety of habitat types; however, a single survey effort is typically limited to species that have similar body size, habitat use and movement patterns, and individual identification of animals is not always possible. we evaluated whether scat detection dogs could effectiv ... | 2014 | 25236691 |
| noninvasive individual and species identification of jaguars (panthera onca), pumas (puma concolor) and ocelots (leopardus pardalis) in belize, central america using cross-species microsatellites and faecal dna. | there is a great need to develop efficient, noninvasive genetic sampling methods to study wild populations of multiple, co-occurring, threatened felids. this is especially important for molecular scatology studies occurring in challenging tropical environments where dna degrades quickly and the quality of faecal samples varies greatly. we optimized 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci for jaguars (panthera onca), pumas (puma concolor) and ocelots (leopardus pardalis) and assessed their utility for ... | 2014 | 24751217 |
| effects of porcine zona pellucida immunocontraceptives in zoo felids. | methods of contraception are necessary for management of zoo felids; however, the most commonly used contraceptive (melengestrol acetate implant) is associated with serious adverse reactions with long-term use. porcine zona pellucida (pzp) vaccines are promising as contraceptives, but their safety in zoo felids has not been tested. pzp vaccine was administered to 27 female felids representing 10 species, including african lion (panthera leo), asian leopard (p. pardus), jaguar (p. onca), tiger (p ... | 2004 | 15526881 |
| do attacks by jaguars panthera onca and pumas puma concolor (carnivora: felidae) on livestock correlate with species richness and relative abundance of wild prey? | abstract: attacks by big cats on livestock are one of the major causes of human-felid conflicts and, therefore, an important factor in the conservation of these species. it has been argued that a reduction in natural prey abundance promotes attacks on domestic species, but few studies have tested this statement, and some have delivered contradictory results. we investigated whether the occurrence of attacks to livestock by jaguar and puma relates to the abundance and richness of their natural pr ... | 2014 | 25720180 |
| table scraps: inter-trophic food provisioning by pumas. | large carnivores perform keystone ecological functions through direct predation, or indirectly, through food subsidies to scavengers or trophic cascades driven by their influence on the distributions of their prey. pumas (puma concolor) are an elusive, cryptic species difficult to study and little is known about their inter-trophic-level interactions in natural communities. using new gps technology, we discovered that pumas in patagonia provided 232 ± 31 kg of edible meat/month/100 km(2) to near ... | 2012 | 22696284 |
| species-specific responses of carnivores to human-induced landscape changes in central argentina. | the role that mammalian carnivores play in ecosystems can be deeply altered by human-driven habitat disturbance. while most carnivore species are negatively affected, the impact of habitat changes is expected to depend on their ecological flexibility. we aimed to identify key factors affecting the habitat use by four sympatric carnivore species in landscapes of central argentina. camera trapping surveys were carried out at 49 sites from 2011 to 2013. each site was characterized by 12 habitat att ... | 2016 | 26950300 |
| medicinal use of wild fauna by mestizo communities living near san guillermo biosphere reserve (san juan, argentina). | wild and domestic animals and their by-products are important ingredients in the preparation of curative, protective and preventive medicines. despite the medicinal use of animals worldwide, this topic has received less attention than the use of medicinal plants. this study assessed the medicinal use of animals by mestizo communities living near san guillermo mab reserve by addressing the following questions: what animal species and body parts are used? what ailments or diseases are treated with ... | 2015 | 25608977 |
| ecological relationships of meso-scale distribution in 25 neotropical vertebrate species. | vertebrates are a vital ecological component of amazon forest biodiversity. although vertebrates are a functionally important part of various ecosystem services they continue to be threatened by anthropogenic impacts throughout the amazon. here we use a standardized, regularly spaced arrangement of camera traps within 25km2 to provide a baseline assessment of vertebrate species diversity in a sustainable use protected area in the eastern brazilian amazon. we examined seasonal differences in the ... | 2015 | 25938582 |
| feline infectious peritonitis in a mountain lion (puma concolor), california, usa. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is a fatal immune-mediated vasculitis of felids caused by a mutant form of a common feline enteric virus, feline enteric coronavirus. the virus can attack many organ systems and causes a broad range of signs, commonly including weight loss and fever. regardless of presentation, fip is ultimately fatal and often presents a diagnostic challenge. in may 2010, a malnourished young adult male mountain lion (puma concolor) from kern county, california, usa was eutha ... | 2013 | 23568918 |
| anatomical study of the forearm and hand nerves of the domestic cat ( felis catus), puma ( puma concolor) and jaguar ( panthera onca). | the innervation of the forearm and hand regions of cats has not been well described despite its importance for any surgery or any neurological disorder. it is probably the main area where disorders of peripheral nerves in this species are observed. in felines, the forelimbs facilitate the jump and represent the most important way for capturing prey. the main muscles and nerves involved in this activity are located in the region of the forearm and hand. the aim of the present study was to provide ... | 2013 | 22783947 |
| individual behaviors dominate the dynamics of an urban mountain lion population isolated by roads. | large carnivores can be particularly sensitive to the effects of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity [1, 2]. the santa monica mountains (smms), a large natural area within greater los angeles, is completely isolated by urban development and the 101 freeway to the north. yet the smms support a population of mountain lions (puma concolor), a very rare example of a large carnivore persisting within the boundaries of a megacity. gps locations of radio-collared lions indicate that freeways are ... | 2014 | 25131676 |
| cougars' key to survival through the late pleistocene extinction: insights from dental microwear texture analysis. | cougars (puma concolor) are one of only two large cats in north america to have survived the late pleistocene extinction (lpe), yet the specific key(s) to their relative success remains unknown. here, we compare the dental microwear textures of pleistocene cougars with sympatric felids from the la brea tar pits in southern california that went extinct at the lpe (panthera atrox and smilodon fatalis), to clarify potential dietary factors that led to the cougar's persistence through the lpe. we fu ... | 2014 | 24759373 |