| association of foetal wastage with influenza infection during ferret pregnancy. | inoculation of influenza virus into pregnant ferrets during the late gestational period was investigated. foetal resorption followed intracardial inoculation of a large dose of influenza virus (10(9.4) ebid50) and a 100-fold lower dose caused lower litter sizes at birth. the possible role of fever in foetal resorptions was largely discounted by 2 observations: a non-pyrexic dose inoculated intracardially into the pregnant ferret still had detrimental effects on foetal viability; influenza virus ... | 1978 | 656319 |
| luteal control of nidation in the ferret (mustela putorius). | | 1978 | 667254 |
| parallel changes between lipoprotein lipase activating capacity and lipid concentrations in the serum of rats and ferrets during development and dietary manipulation. | 1. the lipoprotein lipase activating capacity of serum from 5 to 22 day old rats and male ferrets fed on diets rich in either beef tallow or maize oil was significantly correlated with the triglyceride concentration in the serum. 2. these increases in activating capacity associated with increased serum triglyceride concentrations were similar to those reported for human serum. | 1978 | 668264 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza a virus: production and characterization of a/victoria/3/75-ts-1[e] recombinants. | the hong kong/68-ts-1[e] virus, which has a 38 degrees c shutoff temperature for plaque formation, has been proposed as a donor of its two ts lesions to new variants of influenza a virus that pose an epidemic threat. to further examine whether the acquisition of the two ts-1[e] lesions will predictably attenuate new influenza a variants, the hk/68-ts-1[e] virus was mated with the a/vic/3/75 wild-type virus. the vic/75-ts-[e] recombinants that had the two ts-1[e] lesions also had a 38 degrees c s ... | 1978 | 669818 |
| alphaxolone-alphadolone anaesthesia in laboratory animals. | the anaesthetic steroid combination alphaxolone-alphadolone is a well-established short-acting injectable agent for cats and primates. it can be recommended for intravenous administration to rats, rabbits, neonatal pigs, mice and hamsters. it has limited value in mice and hamsters by the intraperitoneal route, but provides sedation in ferrets and neonatal pigs when injected intramuscularly. it can be given repeatedly or continuously to maintain anaesthesia for long periods without the developmen ... | 1978 | 672181 |
| scanning and transmission electron microscopy study of ferret respiratory mucosa infected with influenza a virus. | the use of both sem and tem techniques in studying the alterations of the columnar ciliated epithelium of the whole respiratory tract of ferrets enables the authors to find a significant discrepancy between tracheal and nasal mucosa destructions. this discrepancy is not a function of the anatomical location of virus instillation. theoretical and pratical meanings are discussed. | 1978 | 677615 |
| functional overlap of vagal gastric motility fibres in the ferret [proceedings]. | | 1978 | 690917 |
| studies on the metabolism of arylacetic acids. 5. the metabolic fate of 2-naphthylacetic acid in the rat, rabbit and ferret. | | 1978 | 695696 |
| comparison of wild-type and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis strains of measles virus. neurovirulence in ferrets and biological properties in cell cultures. | the neurovirulence of two wild type (wt) and seven subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) measles virus strains was tested in young adult ferrets by intracerebral (ic) inoculation of infected vero cell suspensions. wt strains edmonston and woodfolk and sspe strains mantooth, halle, and lec-s did not produce a detectable encephalitis in the ferrets, but caused a significant formation of serum antibodies against measles virus. sspe strains lec, ip-3, biken, and d.r., on the other hand, were al ... | 1978 | 702052 |
| hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in the ferret [proceedings]. | | 1978 | 702397 |
| sensitivity to pyrexial temperatures: a factor contributing to virulence differences between two clones of influenza virus. | the influence of pyrexia on the differential persistence of a virulent and an attenuated clone of influenza virus in the respiratory tract of ferrets has been further studied. clone 64d, an attenuated clone of a recombinant virus (a/pr/8/34-a/england/939/69 (h3n2)) grown in organ cultures of ferret nasal turbinates, was inactivated at pyrexial temperatures more readily than a virulent clone 7a. in addition, replication of clone 64d was restricted at pyrexial temperatures to a greater extent than ... | 1978 | 708585 |
| local and systemic immunity to influenza infections in ferrets. | to establish whether immunity to influenza infection in the ferret is local or systemic, two sites of challenge were utilized: the nose and the anatomically isolated tracheal pouch. infection of either site did not spread to the other site, and challenge of either site resulted in seroconversion by 13 days. simultaneous challenge of both sites 21 days after the primary infection revealed that prior infection of the pouch prevented subsequent reinfection of the pouch, but not infection of the nos ... | 1978 | 711316 |
| the effect of trypan blue on the development of the ferret and rat. | the teratogenic effects of trypan blue given to pregnant rats and ferrets at equivalent stages of embryonic development are described. in the rat the well known teratogenicity of the dye at 8.5 days of gestation and the surprising cessation of teratogenic effect at 11.5 days (20+ somites) is confirmed. in the ferret the drug is teratogenic both at 13 and 18 days of gestation though the principal abnormalities seen are different to those described in the rat. it has been suggested that the terat ... | 1978 | 715725 |
| modulation of single vagal efferent fibre discharge by gastric afferents in the ferret [proceedings]. | | 1978 | 731553 |
| growth and genetic stability of 4 temperature sensitive (ts) mutants of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus in newborn ferrets. | four temperature sensitive (ts) mutants of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus were evaluated for growth and genetic stability in newborn ferrets. ts-1, the mutant previously tested in children as a possible live virus vaccine and found to be insufficiently attenuated for the upper respiratory tract, grew in the lungs of newborn ferrets to the same peak titer as wild type rs virus. in addition some genetic alteration of the ts-1 mutant occurred. two more defective subclones of ts-1, ts-1 ng-1 and t ... | 1978 | 736795 |
| trial of avermectin b1a, mebendazole and melarsoprol against pre-cardiac dirofilaria immitis in the ferret (mustela putorius furo). | avermectin b1a was found active against the pre-cardiac stage of dirofilaria immitis in ferrets. the drug was given orally, at 0.2 mg/kg, on days 38--42 of infection. at necropsy, 5 1/2 months after inoculation, worms were almost totally absent from the hearts of these ferrets. the efficacy of melarsoprol against developing dirofilaria, which has been demonstrated in dogs by other workers, was demonstrated in ferrets given oral doses, at 100 mg/kg, on days 38--42 of infection. the reported effic ... | 1978 | 739297 |
| the development of the atrioventricular node and bundle in the ferret heart. | | 1979 | 760490 |
| proceedings: the vagal stimulation of gastric acid, pepsin and motility in the anaesthetized ferret. | | 1976 | 784948 |
| results of potency tests of a vaccine against cl. botulinum type c by different methods. | the potency of vaccine against cl. botulinum type c was tested comparatively in mice, guinea pigs and mink, using the test methods employed in the united states, great britain and sweden. additionally the capacity to withstand challenge to toxin in ferrets was investigated. all species of laboratory animals proved to be protected against high toxin doses. on the other hand the humoral antitoxin titer of the immunized animals was low after one injection. after a second injection or after challeng ... | 1976 | 793914 |
| replication of influenza virus in organ cultures of human and simian urogenital tissues and human foetal tissues. | a survey of human adult tissues in organ cultures showed that influenza viruses (a/moscow/1019/65 (h2n2) or a recombinant virus virulent for man (pr/8-a/england/939/69 clone 7a(h3n2)) could infect uterus, bladder and conjunctiva but not oesophagus under the conditions employed; simian bladder and uterus were also susceptible. these results were similar to those already described for corresponding ferret tissues. organ cultures of human foetal nasal mucosa, trachea, oesophagus, small and large in ... | 1975 | 809051 |
| oral infection of mammals with sarcocystis fusiformis bradyzoites from cattle and sporocysts from dogs and coyotes. | individual sporocysts containing 4 sporozoites were shed in the feces of dogs, foxes, and raccoons after ingestion of bovine tissue infected with sarcocystis fusiformis bradyzoites. no sporocysts were shed by cats, monkeys, swine, skunks, ferrets, rats, guinea pigs, or rabbits after ingestion of similar bovine tissue. the shedding of sporocysts by dogs that had ingested tissue from a bovine experimentally infected with sporocysts from coyotes indicated that both canids were definitive hosts for ... | 1976 | 815528 |
| a non-productive subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) virus of human and ferret: an ultrastructural study. | a non-productive syncytiogenic measles virus isolated from the brain of an sspe patient was grown on vero cells. the ultrastructure of the infected syncytia was studied by electron microscopic and immunoperoxidase techniques. it was compared with the isolate of the virus after passage in ferrets, the edmonston strain of wild measles virus and the halle productive strain of sspe, all on vero cells. the immunoperoxidase labeling of the cell membranes of the edmonston measles virus infected cells w ... | 1976 | 818871 |
| response of immature, mature nonbreeding and mature breeding ferret testis to exogenous lh stimulation. | | 1977 | 831848 |
| determination of a sensitive period for the induction of the maternal pregnancy reaction in the ferret. | | 1977 | 833774 |
| construction of an improved tracheal pouch in the ferret. | a surgical technic is described for the construction of a subcutaneous tracheal pouch in the ferret and for sampling undiluted tracheal secretions at daily to weekly intervals during a period of many months. this technic is applicable to other species. | 1977 | 835886 |
| gross and microscopic anatomy of the biliary tract of the ferret. | the gross and microscopic anatomy of the biliary tract of the ferret was studied. the liver consisted of six separate lobes. the coronary ligament was not present. histologically, it was very similar to that of man. the gall-bladder was present and was a pear-shaped sac. its muscle coat was very thick and well developed. hepatic ducts were multiple. minor hepatic ducts formed three major ducts, the left, central and the right. a single common hepatic duct was not present. the cystic duct general ... | 1977 | 848264 |
| susceptibility of laboratory animals to infection by spotted fever group rickettsiae. | an attempt was made to find a suitable animal model for studies of spotted fever group rickettsiae. inbred and outbred mice, the guinea pig, ferret, gerbil, hamster, wild rabbit, cotton rat, sheep, and miniature swine were tested. of these, only certain strains of the mouse [mai:(s) and balb/cj] and the guinea pig [hla:(ha)] exhibited, overtly, the desired characteristics of disease. other laboratory animals (such as sheep or rabbits) can be used for the production of antiserum against the spott ... | 1977 | 857087 |
| the pregnant ferret as a model for studying the congenital effects of influenza virus infection in utero: infection of foetal tissues in organ culture and in vivo. | organ cultures of ferret foetal tissues showed a similar pattern of susceptibility to influenza virus to that already observed for human foetal tissues (rosztoczy et al., 1975); respiratory, alimentary and urogenital tissues supported the replication of influenza virus but nervous and lymphopoietic tissues (those which, in man, are associated with foetal or postnatal abnormalities) were insusceptible. in contrast to corresponding human tissues, ferret foetal placenta and amnion readily supported ... | 1977 | 861161 |
| effect of electro-ejaculation frequency on semen characteristics in the ferret (mustela putorius). | | 1977 | 873035 |
| dose-response activity of ribavirin against influenza virus infection in ferrets. | | 1977 | 873876 |
| gross and microscopic anatomy of the major salivary glands of the ferret. | the gross and microscopic anatomy of the major salivary glands of the ferret was studied. there were 5 pairs of major salivary glands, parotid, submandibular, sublingua, molar and zygomatic. they were of compound tubuloacinar type and consisted of numerous lobes and lobules. the parotid gland was grossly similar to the parotids in other mammals but histologically it was seromucous as in the carnivores dog and cat. the parotid duct opened into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the upper third p ... | 1977 | 883489 |
| testis differentiation in the fetal and postnatal ferret. | testis development has been examined in a series of 59 fetal and 9 postnatal ferrets from day 22 of the 40-42 day pregnancy, to 12 days after birth. developing seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells were first seen on day 26, and were well established one day later. differentiation was associated with cell enlargement and cell division, and consequently the testes grew distinctly more rapidly at this time than the corresponding ovaries. up to the end of pregnancy the epithelioid interstitia ... | 1977 | 885777 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza virus. xiii. evaluation of influenza a/hong kong/68 and a/udorn/72 ts and wild-type viruses in tracheal organ culture at permissive and restrictive temperatures. | for development of an in vitro assay of attenuation for virus vaccine candidates, tracheal ring organ cultures from young ferrets were infected with influenza a/hong kong/68 and a/udorn/72 temperature-sensitive (ts) recombinant and wild-type viruses and observed for 21 days at permissive (33 c) and restrictive (37 c) temperatures for effects on ciliated epithelium and viral replication. results were compared with the known effects of these viruses in humans. viruses that damaged ferret cilia and ... | 1977 | 886200 |
| ultrastructural and histological studies of brains of ferrets inoculated with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: similarities to human disease. | similarities to human subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) were revealed in a study of the brains of ferrets inoculated with a cell associated measles virus originally isolated from an sspe patient. the similarities were greatest in animals that showed neurological signs 3-4 months after inoculation and had high titers of neutralizing antibodies against measles virus. these included dense core particles, nuclear bodies, alterations of basement membranes of small blood vessels, plasma cells ... | 1977 | 886366 |
| encephalitis in ferrets caused by a nonproductive strain of measles virus (d.r.) isolated from patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. | a nonproductive, syncytiogenic strain (d.r.) of measles virus, isolated from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe), was inoculated intracerebrally into ferrets in an attempt to induce subacute encephalitis. inoculation of freeze-thawed syncytia before immunization was the least effective procedure, and inoculation of live syncytia after immunization with measles virus vaccine was the most effective procedure, for induction of subacute or persistent subclinical encephalitis in ... | 1977 | 894077 |
| reproduction in the male ferret: gonadal activity during the annual cycle; recrudescence and maturation. | | 1977 | 901891 |
| the effects of peroral or local aerosol administration of 1-aminoadamantane hydrochloride (amantadine hydrochloride) on influenza infections of the ferret. | | 1977 | 903327 |
| glutamine conjugation of phenylacetic acid in the ferret [proceedings]. | | 1977 | 913772 |
| differential response of ferrets to infection with virulent and avirulent influenza viruses: a possible marker of virus attenuation. | | 1977 | 921544 |
| diabetes mellitus in a black-footed ferret. | diabetes mellitus was tentatively diagnosed in a black-footed ferret with polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, dehydration, and weight loss. laboratory findings (marked hyperglycemia (724 mg/100 ml), glycosuria, and ketonuria) and the subsequent favorable response to insulin therapy confirmed the diagnosis. although lesions were not observed in the pancreas, gross and histologic findings concomitant with diabetes mellitus included arteriosclerosis, with calcification of the aorta and other major ve ... | 1977 | 924862 |
| the localization of influenza virus in the respiratory tract of ferrets: the different susceptibilities of fresh and maintained organ cultures. | | 1977 | 925683 |
| prey-lithium aversions. ii: laboratory rats and ferrets. | | 1976 | 938413 |
| pathogenicity, immunogenicity and genetic stability in mice and ferrets of a cold inhibitor-resistant mutant of influenza h3n2 virus. | a cold inhibitor-resistant mutant was derived from mrc-2 virus by means of serial passages in the presence of rabbit serum and at gradually decreasing temperatures. this virus, denoted mrc-2 irc, grew well at both 26 and 37 degree c. the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of the virus was examined in mice and ferrets. no clinical reactions were detected in either species. both mice and ferrets developed high levels of hemagglutination inhibition and neuraminidase inhibition antibodies. the virus w ... | 1976 | 955266 |
| response of ferrets to infection with a live attenuated influenza virus and to subsequent heterologous challenge. | groups of three ferrets were inoculated with a live influenza vaccine ("alice" strain) and the degree of protection afforded against a challenge inoculation was measured by several parameters. after vaccination, virus excretion was studied and the genetic characteristics of the virus isolates were investigated. after 5-8 weeks, the challenge inoculations were performed with antigenic drifts of the h3n2 virus: a/dunedin/4/73 (port-chalmers-like), a/england/635/74 and a/scotland/840/74. the foll ... | 1976 | 955269 |
| proceedings: quantitative measurement of gastric motility and the effect of 2-deoxy-d-glucose and vagal stimulation in the anaesthetized ferret. | | 1976 | 957223 |
| [musculature of the pelvic limb of the american weasel (mustela nigripes, audubon and bachman)]. | the origins and insertions of the muscles of the pelvic limb of the black-footed ferret (mustela nigripes) are illustrated and described. the results based on the dissection of two adult specimens are compared with those of other investigations on the myology of the mustelids. the musculature of the pelvic limb of mustela nigripes is substantially similar to that of other mustelids investigated except for slight differences of individual muscles. the most obvious differences involve the tendons ... | 1976 | 984445 |
| studies on the duration of the breeding season and photorefractoriness in female ferrets pinealectomized or treated with melatonin. | oestrous ferrets became anoestrous on exposure to short photoperiods (8 h light: 16 h darkness, 8l:16d) at the summer solstice, and this effect was prevented by pinealectomy. removal of the pineal alone did not alter the duration of oestrus in animals kept in natural daylight. melatonin (1 mg, thrice weekly) given to oestrous ferrets kept in daylight also terminated oestrus prematurely. animals made photorefractory by prolonged exposure to long photoperiods (14l:10d) became photosensitive again ... | 1976 | 987148 |
| fatal vaccine-induced canine distemper virus infection in black-footed ferrets. | four black-footed ferrets that were live-trapped in south dakota and transported to the patuxent wildlife research center died within 21 days after vaccination with modified live canine distemper virus. immunofluorescence, european ferret inoculation, virus isolation attempts, and serum-neutralization tests indicated insufficient attenuation of the vaccine for this species. | 1976 | 988011 |
| plasma progesterone levels before and at the time of implantation in the ferret. | plasma progesterone levels were determined in 24 early pregnant ferrets by competitive protein binding. progesterone levels rose from about 4 ng/ml on estrus to a peak of about 35 on day 12 when implantation occurs, staying above 30 until day 16. these results agree with those of heap and hammond (1974), rather than those of blatchley and donovan (1976), whose peak levels were lower and occurred on day 14. | 1976 | 994120 |
| studies on the effects of orally administered di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in the ferret. | a target-organ study of the effects of the phthalate ester di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) has been conducted in mature male albino ferrets. dehp treatment caused a loss of body weight when administered as a 1% (w/w) diet for 14 months. additionally marked liver enlargement with associated morphological and biochemical changes was observed. these changes consisted of liver cell enlargement, lysosomal changes, dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum and the depression of a number of marker enz ... | 1976 | 996879 |
| taurine conjugation of arylacetic acids in the ferret. | | 1976 | 1001620 |
| effects of hypophysectomy and short- and long-term propylthiouracil treatment on the rat thyroid. | the morphology and histology of the post-pharyngeal part of the gastrointestinal tract of the ferret were studied. the oesophagus was a distensible muscular tube. its mucosa was lined by keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium. the muscle coat was striated throughout except mear the cardia. a cardiac sphincter was present. the stomach was morphologically and histologically very similar to that of man. the duodenum appeared c-shaped and had a mesoduodenum. the bile and pancreatic ducts formed ... | 1976 | 1007876 |
| gastric ulceration in the ferret (mustela furo l.). | | 1976 | 1014937 |
| semen volume and sperm concentration in the ferret (mustela putorius). | semen was obtained from 40 of 62 attempted electro-ejaculations of nine anesthetized male ferrets. the ejaculations were performed using a bi-polar rectal electrode and an electrical stimulus of about 4 v and 0.35 ma applied for approximately 4 seconds and repeated at 10-second intervals. the mean number of stimuli required to obtain an ejaculation was 12.3. the spermatozoa concentration per mm3 ranged from 0.07 x 10(6) to 1.98 x 10(6) with a mean of 0.62 x 10(6). the mean number of spermatozoa ... | 1976 | 1018477 |
| laboratory characteristics of an attenuated influenza type a (h3n2) virus ('alice' strain). | the alice strain of live attenuated influenza virus was obtained by selection of a gamma inhibitor-resistant strain from a virus recombinant between a/pr/8/34 (hon1) and a/england/42/72 (h3n2). its behaviour in vitro and in vivo was studied. three marker systems were investigated: resistance to serum inhibitors, growth capacity at high temperature and low sensitivity to amantadine hydrochloride. in ferrets the strain was found to be attenuated and immunogenic. passages in man, animals and eggs h ... | 1976 | 1068197 |
| the effect of lesions of the accessory optic tract terminal nuclei on the gonadal response to light in ferrets. | electrolytic lesions were made in the lateral (ltn), medial (mtn) or in both terminal nuclei of the accessory optic tract in female ferrets. either the ipsilateral or contralateral eye was removed. complete destruction of both nuclei, as assessed by both histological and autoradiographic criteria, did not prevent the acceleration of estrus by artificial long days (l:d, 14:10) in any animal. although the ferret has no anterior (inferior) accessory tract, lesions were also made in the medial foreb ... | 1976 | 1088475 |
| olfactory bulb connections with basal rhinencephalon in the ferret: an evoked potential and neuroanatomical study. | the lateral olfactory tract (lot) of the ferret has been shown to project to most of the pyriform lobe, as in the cat. only a small medio-posterior region of the pyriform cortex (the angular cortex), which has a distinctly different appearance in nissl stained sections, proves to be devoid of olfactory connections. despite the fact that sub-areas can be recognized within olfactory cortex, there is an underlying constancy in design throughout. latency measurements indicate that fine collateral br ... | 1975 | 1109378 |
| the presence of a retinohypothalamic projection in the ferret. | | 1975 | 1111844 |
| studies on the metabolic fate of 32p-labelled emulsifier yn in the mouse, guinea-pig and ferret. | | 1975 | 1123200 |
| assessment of resistance to influenza virus infection in animal models. | the antibody response and immunity to challenge infection were determined in ferrets immunized with inactivated influenza vaccine in saline or adjuvant. adjuvanated vaccines induced variable titres of serum antibody, and the degree of immunity to challenge infection was directly related to the titre of serum hi antibody induced by these vaccines. conventional doses of saline vaccine did not induce serum hi antibody, and the ferrets were completely susceptible to challenge infection. infection wi ... | 1975 | 1126574 |
| an 'in vitro' marker of attenuation for live influenza virus vaccine candidates. | organ cultures of ferret tracheal rings maintained in tubes for up to two months supported the growth of several strains of influenza a viruses produced by genetic recombination. these strains were developed as possible candidates for live attenuated influenza virus vaccines. by observing the effects on cilia and titrating the growth in eggs it was possible to rank these various influenza strains in order of descending virulence for the respiratory epithelium in organ culture. this rank correspo ... | 1975 | 1126579 |
| proceedings: failure of perinatal administration of testosterone propionate to disrupt receptive behaviour in the female ferret. | | 1975 | 1133521 |
| growth of measles virus in nervous tissues. iii. neurovirulence of sspe virus in ferrets. | the niigata-1 strain isolated from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) was inoculated intracerebrally into ferrets. neurological signs developed in about 1 week in most of the animals. histopathological examinations of the central nervous tissues revealed degenerative lesions in the parenchyma of the brains and inflammatory reactions predominantly in the meninges and choroid plexus. virus antigen was demonstrated mainly in the nerve cells by immunofluorescent staining. the ... | 1975 | 1165608 |
| effect of amygaloid lesions on gonadal maturation in male and female ferrets. | two experiments were performed to determine whether the amygdala is involved in theregulation of gonadal maturation in the ferret. in an experiment with prepuberal males it was found that testicular and epididymal wieghts, seminiferous tubule diameters, leydid cell number, and ratings of spermatogenic development were the samein animals autopsied 4 wk after either the placement of a platinum-elctrode lesion in the amygdala or a sham operation. testosterone concentrations both in testis and in ... | 1975 | 1171629 |
| measles antibodies and immunoglobulins in sera from patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) and from an infected ferret. | cellulose acetate electrophoresis of sera from 2 patients with sspe revealed a slow-moving and a fast-moving gamma-globulin band. the igg fractions from sera were isolated by the combination of starch block electrophoresis, sephadex gel filtration and isoelectric focusing techniques. the purity of each protein was tested by immunoelectrophoresis using a potent goat anti-whole human serum. the isolated igg preparations were tested in hi, cf and n tests against measles virus envelope, measles viru ... | 1975 | 1185233 |
| development and structure of the extra-embryonic membranes of the ferret. a light microscopic and ultrastructural study. | light and electron microscopic observations on the development and structure of the extra-embryonic membranes of the ferret are described. by day 16 of pregnancy trophoblastic villi consisting of a cytotrophoblastic core with a peripherally located phagocytic syncytiotrophoblast have penetrated deeply into the endometrium. during its invasion the syncytiotrophoblast removes endometrial glandular cells and some of the adjacent stromal tissue. the maternal blood vessels remain intact and eventuall ... | 1975 | 1201966 |
| free contact infection in ferret groups. | | 1975 | 1206029 |
| proceedings: luteinizing hormone release in the ferret upon stimulation of the hypothalamo-hypophysial system. | | 1975 | 1206290 |
| reproduction in the ferret. i. the effect of ovariectomy on the course of gestation. | the role of the ovaries in the maintenance of pregnancy was studied in the ferret. ovariectomy at the time of implantation showed that some embryos survived for 7 days after the operation but all were destroyed after 10 days, although the trophoblast continued to grow at a much faster rate than normal. ovariectomy performed after implantation showed that no fetal development occurred when the ovaries were removed at day 21 post coitum, but that fetuses developed for an appreciable length of time ... | 1975 | 1206642 |
| the role of polecats of the genus putorius cuvier, 1817 in natural foci of adiaspiromycosis. | adiaspiromycosis provoked by the fungus emmonsia crescens was diagnosed in two different species of polecats. in total, 76.2% of steppe polecats (putorius eversmanni) and 35.6% of dark polecats (p. putorius) were infected. the infection was not demonstrated at all in ferrets (p. furo) reared as fur animals. the differences found in the extent and intensity of infection in the two species of wild polecats are explained by different ecological requirements of these related carnivores. the habitat ... | 1975 | 1238314 |
| the role of the rete ovarii in meiosis and follicle formation in the cat, mink and ferret. | ovarian morphology was studied from the inception of meiosis in the cat, mink and ferret. it was shown that "open connections", allowing cellular contact, existed between the intra-ovarian rete cords and the groups of germ cells as well as between the surface epithelium and the germ cells. the germ cells in the innermost part of the cortex and lying in contact with the rete cells were those which were the first to enter meiotic prophase. later, the more peripheral oogonia transformed to oocytes. ... | 1975 | 1239504 |
| light and the pineal gland in the control of the breeding season in the female ferret. | | 1975 | 1241861 |
| the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infant ferrets. | the infant ferret is susceptible to respiratory syncytial virus infection in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. in the nose, viral replication is restricted to the surface respiratory epithelium in the nasal passages and turbinates. in the lungs, viral replication is of a lower order of magnitude and is localized in the alveolar cells. the pattern of viral replication in nasal tissues is independent of the age of the animal at infection, whereas the pattern in lung tissues shows a stri ... | 1976 | 1251889 |
| progesterone secretion during pregnancy and pseudopregnancy in the ferret. | | 1976 | 1255579 |
| influenza infection in ferrets: role of serum antibody in protection and recovery. | the passive administration of ferret antiserum to ao (h0n1) influenza virus failed to protect the recipient ferrets from subsequent infection with homologous virus. this susceptibility to infection was observed even when the passively acquired serum hemagglutination inhibition (hi) titer was similar to peak convalescent titers. it is therefore concluded that serum antibody alone is probably not a major factor in the prevention of influenza infection. this does not rule out a possible role for se ... | 1976 | 1262059 |
| [plerocercoid infestation of the thailand reptiles in the berlin zoo]. | plerocercoids were found under the skin and in the body cavity of ahaetulla nastua, boiga multimaculata, trimeresurus purpureomaculatus, and varanus dumerilii, imported from thailand. starting with these plerocercoids the cestode cycle was experimentally traced in the laboratory (lueheela = spirometra sp.). domestic cat and domestic dog served as definitive hosts, native copepods at first intermediate hosts, native anurans, reptiles, and chicken as second intermediate hosts and paratenic hosts. ... | 1976 | 1267224 |
| the behaviour in ferrets of two closely related clones of influenza virus of differing virulence for man. | clones 7a and 64d of the recombinant influenza virus a/pr/8/34-a/england/939/69(h3n2) which are of different virulence for man as judged by clinical score (7a more virulent than 64d) showed similar differences in ferrets. with intranasal inoculation the approximate 50% minimal infectious doses of both clones were similar (between 10(0) and 10(2) eid(50)) as were their titres in nasal washes 24 h after inoculation and the histologically evident damage they caused in the nasal turbinates. however, ... | 1976 | 1268040 |
| pathologic changes in ferrets exposed to pseudorabies virus. | ferrets experimentally infected by various routes with pseudorabies virus were examined for gross and microscopic lesions. nonsuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis, as well as visceral lesions, occurred. the incubation period seemed related to the viral dose and to the distance between the inoculation site and the central nervous system. the distribution of the lesions in the central nervous system appeared to be closely related to the peripheral nerve pathways from the inoculation sites. other f ... | 1976 | 1275345 |
| production of highly cross-reactive hemagglutination-inhibiting influenza antibodies in ferrets. | ferrets were sequentially infected at time intervals of 3 weeks with different influenza virus a strains. it was found that secondary infection can result in the appearance of antibodies highly cross-reacting with a virus strain closely related to the strain of first infection. such highly cross-reacting antibodies were designated as hcr antibodies. evidence is presented that hcr antibodies were not antineuraminidase antibodies and, in addition, were not specifically oriented to the strain with ... | 1976 | 1278996 |
| haemagglutination profiles of helicobacter species that cause gastritis in man and animals. | thirty-five helicobacter pylori isolates, 21 h. mustelae isolates and four strains of h. felis were compared for their ability to agglutinate red blood cells (rbcs). isolates were examined in a slide haemagglutination assay with rbcs from 11 animal species, including rodents, carnivores and primates, as well as man. rbcs were agglutinated by 65-90% of h. mustelae isolates and 16-57% of h. pylori isolates. treatment of h. mustelae with pronase and heat inhibited haemagglutination (ha) whereas hea ... | 1992 | 1279175 |
| origin and fate of fetuin-containing neurons in the developing neocortex of the fetal sheep. | the development of the neocortex has previously been extensively studied in carnivores (cat and ferret), rodents (rat and mouse) and primates (monkey and human). in these species, it has been shown that the initial population of cells migrating from the ventricular zone forms the primordial plexiform layer. this is subsequently split into marginal zone and subplate zone by the insertion of later-migrating cells into the primordial plexiform layer, to form the cortical plate proper. many of the c ... | 1992 | 1280010 |
| nitric oxide synthase in ferret brain: localization and characterization. | 1. in the present study, we have investigated the distribution of nitric oxide synthase in the ferret brain. nitric oxide synthase was determined biochemically and immunochemically. 2. in the rat brain, the highest nitric oxide synthase activity has been detected in the cerebellum. however, in the ferret brain, the highest activity was found in the striatum and the lowest in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex. the enzymatic activity was localized predominantly in the cytosolic fractions, it was ... | 1992 | 1282076 |
| cyclic gmp inhibits the inotropic response to alpha 1-adrenoceptors in the papillary muscle of the ferret. | the physiological role of cyclic gmp in the heart remains controversial. in the present study we investigated the interaction between a number of agents known to increase the level of cyclic gmp in the myocardium and alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation in isolated preparations of cardiac papillary muscle in the ferret. inotropic responses to the cumulative addition of phenylephrine were measured in papillary muscles of the ferret in the absence and presence of 1 microm sodium nitroprusside, 1 microm ... | 1992 | 1282377 |
| ventricular function and calcium handling during ischemia. | ischemia-induced ventricular dysfunction has been shown to be associated with increased diastolic and systolic intracellular concentrations of free, ionized calcium ([ca2+]i). the present study was designed to determine the effects of the calcium antagonist nisoldipine on the relationship between [ca2+]i and left ventricular contraction and relaxation during ischemia and reperfusion on a beat-to-beat basis. nine isovolumic coronary-perfused ferret hearts were made globally ischemic for 3 min and ... | 1992 | 1282612 |
| photoperiod modulates pubertal shifts in behavioral responsiveness to testosterone. | this study examined the effect of photoperiod on pubertal maturation of steroid-dependent reproductive behaviors in male european ferrets (mustela putorius furo). in the first experiment, levels of neck gripping, mounting, and pelvic thrusting in gonadally intact prepubertal (pre) ferrets were compared with those of adults that had undergone puberty either while housed in short days (8 hr light/16 hr darkness per day; sd), or after transfer from sd to long days (18 hr light/6 hr darkness per day ... | 1992 | 1286204 |
| multiple motor pathways to single smooth muscle cells in the ferret trachea. | 1. we investigated the distribution and characteristics of motor pathways to individual smooth muscle cells activated by electrical stimulation of either, single nerves which enter the tracheal plexus (inlet nerves), or a longitudinal nerve trunk (lnt) located near the entrance of an inlet nerve into the plexus. excitatory junction potentials (ejps) were recorded using intracellular microelectrodes as an index of smooth muscle cell activation. in all experiments ejps were completely blocked by t ... | 1992 | 1293288 |
| two components of the pineal organ in the mink (mustela vison): their structural similarity to submammalian pineal complexes and calcification. | the pineal complex in the mink (mustela vison) consists of a larger ventral and a smaller dorsal pineal. both organs contain pinealocytes, neurons, glial cells, nerve fibers and synapses in an organization characteristic of nervous tissue. the cellular elements are arranged circularly around strait lumina. these lumina correspond to the photoreceptor spaces of submammalian pineals. a 9 + 0-type cilium marks the receptory pole of the pinealocytes which may form an inner-segment-like dendrite term ... | 1992 | 1295547 |
| [the fever reaction of the polecat mustela putorius x mustela putorius furo to a bacterial pyrogen: the hypo- and hyperthermic phases]. | it has been demonstrated that the ferret (mustela putorius x mustela putorius furo) responds to intramuscular injection of salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide (30 ng/kg-100 micrograms/kg) by biphasic change in the body temperature (tb): the initial decrease in the latter is followed by hyperthermia. maximum rise in tb (1.6 +/- 0.1 degrees c) was observed after the injection of lipopolysaccharide in the highest dose. rabbit leucocytic pyrogen/interleukin-1 (1 ml from 3.5 x 10(7) peritoneal phagoc ... | 1992 | 1302417 |
| development of high-affinity 5-ht3 receptor antagonists. 1. initial structure-activity relationship of novel benzamides. | this report describes the development of novel benzamides which are orally active, highly potent, specific antagonists of 5-ht3 receptors. described in this first report are the structure-activity relationships that led to novel structures with improved potency and selectivity. from this series of compounds, (s)-28 was identified and selected for further evaluation as a 5-ht3 receptor antagonist. compared with 5-ht3 antagonists such as gr 38032f, brl 43694, and metoclopramide, (s)-28 was most ac ... | 1992 | 1312602 |
| characterization of a new avian-like influenza a virus from horses in china. | in march 1989 a severe outbreak of respiratory disease occurred in horses in the jilin and heilongjiang provinces of northeast china that caused up to 20% mortality in some herds. an influenza virus of the h3n8 subtype was isolated from the infected animals and was antigenically and molecularly distinguishable from the equine 2 (h3n8) viruses currently circulating in the world. the reference strain a/equine/jilin/1/89 (h3n8) was most closely related to avian h3n8 influenza viruses. sequence comp ... | 1992 | 1314452 |
| cellular mechanisms that control pulmonary vascular tone during hypoxia and normoxia. possible role of ca2+atpases. | we investigated cellular mechanisms that may be involved in controlling cytosol calcium and pulmonary artery pressure during hypoxia and normoxia in isolated blood-perfused ferret lungs. alveolar hypoxia in ferret lungs causes an active increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction directly correlates with extracellular calcium ([ca2+]o), and the absence of [ca2+]o in the perfusate markedly attenuates the hypoxemia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. alveolar hypo ... | 1992 | 1317692 |
| are all 5-ht3 receptor antagonists the same? | a number of 5-ht3 receptor antagonists are currently in clinical development as antiemetics. in this paper we focus on two of these antagonists, granisetron and ondansetron, and compare their antimetic activity against cisplatin (10 mg/kg i.v.)- or whole body x-irradiation (200 rads)-induced emesis in the conscious ferret. the results presented here have been discussed in the light of the recently published literature. our data suggest that in comparison to ondansetron, granisetron is a more pot ... | 1992 | 1320915 |
| contractile agonists activate voltage-dependent calcium channels in airway smooth muscle cells. | to determine whether agents that cause contraction of airway smooth muscle affect sarcolemmal calcium channel activity, unitary calcium channel currents (using ba2+ as the charge carrier) were recorded in on-cell configuration from acutely dissociated (dog, pig, and ferret) and cultured (human) airway smooth muscle cells. addition of the contractile agonists methacholine or bradykinin increased the open-state probability of the large-conductance calcium channel 37.2- and 45-fold, respectively. t ... | 1992 | 1322035 |
| endothelin reverses the effects of acidosis on the intracellular ca2+ transient and contractility in ferret myocardium. | endothelin may play an important role in modulating myocardial contractility under certain pathophysiological conditions. to determine whether endothelin beneficially modulates myocardial contractility in the common clinical condition of acidosis, we compared the effects of endothelin-1 on intracellular ca2+ transients and isometric contractions under normal (extracellular ph [ph(o)] 7.4) and acidotic (ph(o) 6.4) conditions in ferret papillary muscles (n = 33) loaded with the ca(2+)-regulated bi ... | 1992 | 1323435 |
| morphine 6-glucuronide: a metabolite of morphine with greater emetic potency than morphine in the ferret. | 1. the emetic potencies of morphine and its metabolite morphine 6-glucuronide have been determined in the ferret by constructing dose-response curves for mean total retches and vomits for subcutaneous doses of 0.05 mg kg-1 to 5 mg kg-1. morphine 6-glucuronide induced retching and vomiting at lower doses than morphine and at a maximal dose induced more retching and vomiting than morphine. 2. the emesis induced by both morphine and morphine 6-glucuronide was abolished by the preadministration of n ... | 1992 | 1324067 |
| differential inotropic effects of flosequinan in ventricular muscle from normal ferrets versus patients with end-stage heart failure. | 1. in right ventricular papillary muscles from control ferrets, flosequinan (10(-7)-10(-4) m) produced a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect (10(-5) m = 153 +/- 24, 10(-4) m = 198 +/- 44% increase in isometric tension; control tension = 100%; n = 11) associated with a corresponding increase in amplitude of the intracellular ca2+ ([ca2+]i) transient recorded with aequorin (10(-5) m = 133 +/- 11, 10(-4) m = 187 +/- 36% increase in [ca2+]i transient; n = 11). 2. the positive inotropic ... | 1992 | 1324072 |
| the neuropharmacology of loperamide-induced emesis in the ferret: the role of the area postrema, vagus, opiate and 5-ht3 receptors. | loperamide, an opiate receptor agonist, commonly used in the treatment of diarrhoea, reliably induced emesis in the ferret, when given subcutaneously. the response latency was short (less than 10 min) and the emesis lasted for approx 70 min. the dose-response curve for the emetic response was "bell-shaped" and all animals responded at 0.5 mg/kg but none at 5 mg/kg (s.c.). the response was unaffected by dopamine d2 receptor antagonism (domperidone 1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) or 5-ht3 receptor antagonism (gr ... | 1992 | 1326727 |
| expression of na(+)-k(+)-atpase alpha 1- and alpha 3-isoforms in adult and neonatal ferret hearts. | we have demonstrated previously that in adult ferret heart two alpha-subunit isoforms of the na(+)-k(+)-atpase, alpha(+) and alpha, are expressed. the alpha(+)-isoform may comprise either alpha 2-, or alpha 3-, or both isoforms. the present studies further characterize the alpha(+)-isoform. the alpha(+)-isoform of ferret heart did not react with an alpha 2-specific monoclonal antibody, but rather with two different alpha 3-specific polyclonal antibodies. electrophoretic mobility of the alpha(+)- ... | 1992 | 1332511 |
| relationship between vomiting and taste aversion learning in the ferret: studies with ionizing radiation, lithium chloride, and amphetamine. | the relationship between emesis and taste aversion learning was studied in ferrets (mustela putorius furo) following exposure to ionizing radiation (50-200 cgy) or injection of lithium chloride (1.5-3.0 meq/kg, ip). when 10% sucrose or 0.1% saccharin was used as the conditioned stimulus, neither unconditioned stimulus produced a taste aversion, even when vomiting was produced by the stimulus (experiments 1 and 2). when a canned cat food was used as the conditioned stimulus, lithium chloride, but ... | 1992 | 1333765 |
| antibodies, implantation and embryo survival. | the diverse strategies adopted among species for the maintenance of luteal function converge to meet the indispensable requirement for this hormone particularly at the time of onset of implantation. what has emerged from immunization studies is the difference that exists between various species in the effects of progesterone depletion. the findings affirm the uterus as a primary site of progesterone action in the preimplantation period of gestation in the mouse, whereas in the hamster the positi ... | 1992 | 1338606 |