| genus cebus q- and g-band karyotypes and natural hybrids. | the q- and g-band analyses of cebus capucinus, cebus albifrons and cebus apella are presented. the study is based on the results obtained from 18 specimens of the genus. for almost all of them, their exact locality is known. the data presented include the statement of two natural hybrids from c. capucinus and c. albifrons. on an evolutionary basis our results agree with the taxonomic concepts which postulate more similarity between c. capucinus and c. albifrons than between c. capucinus and c. a ... | 1976 | 827485 |
| social and demographic correlates of male androgen levels in wild white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus). | the challenge hypothesis, designed originally to explain the patterning of competitive behavior and androgen levels in seasonally breeding birds, predicts that males will increase their androgen levels in order to become more competitive in reproductive contexts. here we test predictions derived from the challenge hypothesis in white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus), a species that has somewhat seasonal reproduction. we analyzed demographic and hormonal data collected over a 5.25-year pe ... | 2017 | 28388817 |
| female sociality and sexual conflict shape offspring survival in a neotropical primate. | most mammals live in social groups in which members form differentiated social relationships. individuals may vary in their degree of sociality, and this variation can be associated with differential fitness. in some species, for example, female sociality has a positive effect on infant survival. however, investigations of such cases are still rare, and no previous study has considered how male infanticide might constrain effects of female sociality on infant survival. infanticide is part of the ... | 2017 | 28167774 |
| divergent personality structures of brown (sapajus apella) and white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | one way to gain insights into personality evolution is by comparing the personality structures of related species. we compared the personality structure of 240 wild white-faced capuchin monkeys to the personality structure of 100 captive brown capuchin monkeys. an ancillary goal was to test the degree to which different personality questionnaires yielded similar personality dimensions. both species were rated on a common set of 26 antonym pairs. the brown capuchin monkeys were also rated on the ... | 2016 | 27841454 |
| inbreeding avoidance and female mate choice shape reproductive skew in capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus imitator). | reproductive skew in multimale groups may be determined by the need for alpha males to offer reproductive opportunities as staying incentives to subordinate males (concessions), by the relative fighting ability of the alpha male (tug-of-war) or by how easily females can be monopolized (priority-of-access). these models have rarely been investigated in species with exceptionally long male tenures, such as white-faced capuchins, where female mate choice for novel unrelated males may be important i ... | 2017 | 27797426 |
| integrating feeding behavior, ecological data, and dna barcoding to identify developmental differences in invertebrate foraging strategies in wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | invertebrate foraging strategies in nonhuman primates often require complex extractive foraging or prey detection techniques. as these skills take time to master, juveniles may have reduced foraging efficiency or concentrate their foraging efforts on easier to acquire prey than adults. | 2017 | 27704526 |
| extraction of hermit crabs from their shells by white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus). | we observed two capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus) feeding on hermit crabs (coenobita compressus) on the coast, and the tactics they used to extract this well-protected prey. the observations took place during the dry season at playa escondida beach, puntarenas, costa rica. the capuchins descended from trees at the back edge of the beach to capture passing hermit crabs. both capuchins extracted the hermit crabs from their protective shells by holding the shell with one hand and pulling the crab ... | 2017 | 27682241 |
| seasonal importance of flowers to costa rican capuchins (cebus capucinus imitator): implications for plant and primate. | our goal is to investigate flower foraging by capuchin monkeys, a behavior rarely studied in wild primates. we ask what drives seasonal variation in florivory rates: flower quality and abundance or fluctuations in fruit and invertebrate abundances. we explore how capuchins affect the reproductive success of flower food species by quantifying the potential pollination rate. | 2016 | 27492752 |
| paternal kin recognition and infant care in white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | evidence for paternal kin recognition and paternally biased behaviors is mixed among primates. we investigate whether infant handling behaviors exhibit paternal kin biases in wild white-faced capuchins monkeys (cebus capucinus) by comparing interactions between infants and genetic sires, potential sires, siblings (full sibling, maternal, and paternal half-siblings) and unrelated handlers. we used a linear mixed model approach to analyze data collected on 21 focal infants from six groups in secto ... | 2016 | 26815856 |
| male endocrine response to seasonally varying environmental and social factors in a neotropical primate, cebus capucinus. | circannual variation in reproduction is pervasive in birds and mammals. in primates, breeding seasonality is variable, with seasonal birth peaks occurring even in year-round breeders. environmental seasonality is reportedly an important contributor to the observed variation in reproductive seasonality. given that food availability is the primary factor constraining female reproduction, predictions concerning responsiveness to environmental seasonality focus on females, with studies of males focu ... | 2016 | 26739266 |
| ontogeny of foraging competence in capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus) for easy versus difficult to acquire fruits: a test of the needing to learn hypothesis. | which factors select for long juvenile periods in some species is not well understood. one potential reason to delay the onset of reproduction is slow food acquisition rates, either due to competition (part of the ecological risk avoidance hypothesis), or due to a decreased foraging efficiency (a version of the needing to learn hypothesis). capuchins provide a useful genus to test the needing to learn hypothesis because they are known for having long juvenile periods and a difficult-to-acquire d ... | 2015 | 26372642 |
| quantifying seasonal fallback on invertebrates, pith, and bromeliad leaves by white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus) in a tropical dry forest. | fallback foods (fbfs) are hypothesized to shape the ecology, morphology, and behavior of primates, including hominins. identifying fbfs is therefore critical for revealing past and present foraging adaptations. recent research suggests invertebrates act as seasonal fbfs for many primate species and human populations. yet, studies measuring the consumption of invertebrates relative to ecological variation are widely lacking. we address this gap by examining food abundance and entomophagy by prima ... | 2015 | 26010158 |
| ecotourism and primate habituation: behavioral variation in two groups of white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) from costa rica. | the increase of ecotourism operations within costa rica during the last 20 yrs has brought more and more humans into close, direct contact with several wildlife species. one of these species is the white-faced capuchin (cebus capucinos), highly gregarious, and with exposure over time, willing to come into close vicinity of humans and their developments. such contact has its advantages and disadvantages for the ecotourism industry. we observed white-faced monkeys in order to assess the impact of ... | 2014 | 25412523 |
| seasonality, extractive foraging and the evolution of primate sensorimotor intelligence. | the parallel evolution of increased sensorimotor intelligence in humans and capuchins has been linked to the cognitive and manual demands of seasonal extractive faunivory. this hypothesis is attractive on theoretical grounds, but it has eluded widespread acceptance due to lack of empirical data. for instance, the effects of seasonality on the extractive foraging behaviors of capuchins are largely unknown. here we report foraging observations on four groups of wild capuchins (cebus capucinus) inh ... | 2014 | 24636732 |
| comparative anatomy of the hind limb vessels of the bearded capuchins (sapajus libidinosus) with apes, baboons, and cebus capucinus: with comments on the vessels' role in bipedalism. | capuchin monkeys are known to exhibit sporadic bipedalism while performing specific tasks, such as cracking nuts. the bipedal posture and locomotion cause an increase in the metabolic cost and therefore increased blood supply to lower limbs is necessary. here, we present a detailed anatomical description of the capuchin arteries and veins of the pelvic limb of sapajus libidinosus in comparison with other primates. the arterial pattern of the bearded capuchin hind limb is more similar to other qu ... | 2013 | 24396829 |
| hormonal correlates of male life history stages in wild white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus). | much attention has been paid to hormonal variation in relation to male dominance status and reproductive seasonality, but we know relatively little about how hormones vary across life history stages. here we examine fecal testosterone (ft), dihydrotestosterone (fdht), and glucocorticoid (fgc) profiles across male life history stages in wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). study subjects included 37 males residing in three habituated social groups in the área de conservacíon guanacaste, ... | 2014 | 24184868 |
| the cost of defeat: capuchin groups travel further, faster and later after losing conflicts with neighbors. | although competition between social groups is central to hypotheses about the evolution of human social organization, competitive interactions among group-mates are thought to play a more dominant role in shaping the behavior and ecology of other primate species. however, few studies have directly tested the impact of intergroup conflicts in non-human primates. what is the cost of defeat? to address this question, the movements of six neighboring white-faced capuchin (cebus capucinus) social gro ... | 2013 | 23900797 |
| dominance style of female white-faced capuchins. | dominance style, the level of tolerance displayed by dominant individuals toward subordinate ones, is exhibited along a continuum from despotic to relaxed. it is a useful concept to describe the nature of dominance relationships in macaque species and it bridges among multiple features of dominance hierarchies, aggression, kinship and conflict resolution. capuchins share many behavioral similarities with old world monkeys and like macaques, may exhibit a suite of covarying characteristics relate ... | 2013 | 23446907 |
| personality structure, sex differences, and temporal change and stability in wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | research on nonhuman primate personality dimensions has focused on a small number of taxa, and little of this work has focused on wild populations. we used ratings to assess personality structure in wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) over a 9-year period, using a capuchin-specific rating instrument based partly on existing instruments. adequate levels of interrater reliability were found for 24 of 26 items. a longitudinal analysis found that 15 of these items showed significant rank-or ... | 2013 | 23339561 |
| development of snake-directed antipredator behavior by wild white-faced capuchin monkeys: ii. influence of the social environment. | young animals are known to direct alarm calls at a wider range of animals than adults. if social cues are safer and/or more reliable to use than asocial cues for learning about predators, then it is expected that the development of this behavior will be affected by the social environment. our study examined the influence of the social environment on antipredator behavior in infant, juvenile, and adult wild white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus) at lomas barbudal biological reserve in cos ... | 2013 | 23238906 |
| the association of intergroup encounters, dominance status, and fecal androgen and glucocorticoid profiles in wild male white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | androgens play a role in male reproductive competition, frequently via aggression, while glucocorticoids are associated with the stress response. however, the relationships of these hormones with different sources of competition (intra- vs. intergroup) and dominance status are highly variable. here, we consider the fecal androgen (fa) and glucocorticoid (fgc) profiles of alpha and subordinate male cebus capucinus in the context of intergroup competition during a rare period of low intragroup com ... | 2013 | 23090872 |
| how different are robust and gracile capuchin monkeys? an argument for the use of sapajus and cebus. | capuchin monkey behavior has been the focus of increasing numbers of captive and field studies in recent years, clarifying behavioral and ecological differences between the two morphological types: the gracile and the robust capuchins (also referred to as untufted and tufted). studies have tended to focus on the gracile species cebus capucinus (fewer data are available for c. albifrons, c. olivaceus, and c. kaapori) and on cebus apella, a name that has encompassed all of the robust capuchins sin ... | 2012 | 22328205 |
| simultaneous measurement of endogenous steroid hormones and their metabolites with lc-ms/ms in faeces of a new world primate species, cebus capucinus. | we developed and validated a method to measure steroid hormones with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) in faecal samples of white-faced capuchins. the method includes the measurement of adrenal and gonadal hormones such as cortisol, testosterone, estrone, progesterone and a number of their faecal metabolites. this method can be used for simultaneous routine measurements of steroids in faecal samples and provides a reference method for the validation of new immunoassays in ... | 2012 | 21945370 |
| social factors influencing natal dispersal in male white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | white-faced capuchin males disperse from their natal group at around 4.5 years of age, but there is much variation in dispersal timing: our youngest confirmed disperser was 19 months and the oldest 11 years old. in this study, we investigate possible factors influencing dispersal decisions in this species. between 1983 and 2010, 64 males were born into three study groups in santa rosa national park, area de conservación guanacaste, and costa rica. as of august 2010, 21 died or were presumed dead ... | 2012 | 21732399 |
| experimental field study of problem-solving using tools in free-ranging capuchins (sapajus nigritus, formerly cebus nigritus). | some populations of capuchins are reported to use tools to solve foraging problems in the wild. in most cases, this involves the act of pounding and digging. the use of probing tools by wild capuchins is considerably less common. here we report on the results of an experimental field study conducted in southern brazil designed to examine the ability of wild black-horned capuchins (sapajus nigritus) to use a wooden dowel as a lever or a probe to obtain an embedded food reward. a group of eight ca ... | 2012 | 21538454 |
| molecular systematics and phylogeography of cebus capucinus (cebidae, primates) in colombia and costa rica by means of the mitochondrial coii gene. | we propose the first molecular systematic hypothesis for the origin and evolution of cebus capucinus based on an analysis of 710 base pairs (bp) of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit ii (coii) mitochondrial gene in 121 c. capucinus specimens sampled in the wild. the animals came from the borders of guatemala and belize, costa rica, and eight different departments of colombia (antioquia, chocó, sucre, bolivar, córdoba, magdalena, cauca, and valle del cauca). three different and significant haplotyp ... | 2012 | 21455949 |
| two girls for every boy: the effects of group size and composition on the reproductive success of male and female white-faced capuchins. | many factors have been hypothesized to affect the size and adult sex ratios of primate groups and these, in turn, have been argued to influence birth rates. using park-wide census data collected on a population of capuchins over a 25-year period, we examined whether group size and adult sex ratio affect the per capita reproductive success of male and female white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) in santa rosa national park, costa rica. we found that the reproductive success of females (measured ... | 2011 | 20979204 |
| male dominance and reproductive success in wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) at lomas barbudal, costa rica. | theory and a growing body of empirical evidence suggest that higher ranking males experience reproductive advantages in group-living mammals. white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) exhibit an interesting social system for investigating the relationship between dominance and reproductive success (rs) because they live in multimale multifemale social groups, in which the alpha males can have extraordinarily long tenures (i.e. they coreside with daughters of reproductive age). genetic paternity wa ... | 2010 | 20717998 |
| effects of gut passage, feces, and seed handling on latency and rate of germination in seeds consumed by capuchins (cebus capucinus). | one of the key measures of the effectiveness of primary seed dispersal by animals is the quality of seed dispersal (schupp: plant ecol 107/108 [1993] 15-29). we present data on quality of seed dispersal by two groups of white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) in costa rica to test the hypothesis that capuchin seed handling results in effective primary dispersal for some fruit species they consume. we examined seed handling for 27 plant species, and germination rates of 18 species consumed by cap ... | 2009 | 19140195 |
| predictors of reproductive success in female white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | early investigations into variable reproductive success in nonhuman primates tended to focus on the benefits conferred by high dominance rank. however, the effect of high rank on individual reproductive success has been found to vary both intra- and interspecifically, requiring researchers to expand their investigations to include additional factors. here we examine the age and rank of the mother, sex of the infant, group size, number of close kin, replacement of group males, and resource availa ... | 2008 | 18446856 |
| how many for dinner? recruitment and monitoring by glances in capuchins. | group members present physical and physiological differences according to their age, sex or social status, which could generate motivation differences among individuals during travel. in spite of these divergences of interest among individuals, the group succeeds more often than not in making a collective decision about departure time and which direction to take. to reach a consensus decision, animals should exchange information relating to characteristics of group movement through different com ... | 2008 | 17646923 |
| hand preferences on unimanual and bimanual tasks in white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | this study examined hand preference in white-faced capuchins on a unimanual task and on a coordinated bimanual task. for the unimanual task, handedness was assessed by observing simple reaching for small grains. for the bimanual task, tubes lined with chocolate paste inside were presented to the capuchins. the hand and the finger(s) used to remove chocolate paste were recorded. seven individuals out of eight in the reaching task and 12 out of 13 in the tube task exhibited a hand preference. more ... | 2007 | 17407149 |
| who cares who calls? selective responses to the lost calls of socially dominant group members in the white-faced capuchin (cebus capucinus). | in many social mammals and birds, soft vocalizations are habitually produced during dispersed moving and foraging, the function being to maintain contact and regulate spacing between group members. in some species, much louder calls are given sporadically by specific individuals when they become separated from the group, or 'lost'. the function of these calls has seldom been specifically tested, particularly among social primates, but is often assumed to involve regaining contact with the group ... | 2007 | 17253620 |
| reconciliation in wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | the likelihood of reconciliation (defined as preferential peaceful contact among former opponents following conflicts) has been predicted to vary positively with relationship value and compatibility, and negatively with relationship security. long-term data on wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) indicate that dyads consisting of an adult female and an alpha male have high value and compatibility, but low security. two studies of c. capucinus postconflict (pc) behavior were carried out a ... | 2005 | 15772989 |
| evaluating social influences on food-processing behavior in white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | interpopulation variability in patterns of food processing, similar to what is described as "traditional" or "cultural" variation in chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) and orangutans (pongo pygmaeus), was identified in white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). however, recent comparisons of food processing in capuchins were conducted only at the population level, with relatively little attention given to variability among groups, age/sex classes, or individuals. this paper examines variability in the ... | 2005 | 15693024 |
| responses of white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) to naturalistic and experimentally presented food-associated calls. | in the context of foraging, many animal species produce specific calls that attract others. researchers hypothesize that these vocalizations function to inform others about food; however, few studies have investigated whether food-associated calls alone are sufficient to cause individuals to respond as if they have been informed about food. playback experiments on white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) investigated whether listeners could infer the presence of food merely by hearing food-associ ... | 2004 | 15584776 |
| explaining variation in affiliative relationships among male white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | relationships among coresident male white-faced capuchins are highly variable, ranging from affiliative to aggressive. in this paper i examine the affiliative relationships of all adult and subadult males residing in four social groups in santa rosa national park, costa rica. relationships among males in two study groups were neutral and tolerant, while in the remaining two groups males were highly affiliative. male-male dyadic affiliative interactions were examined to determine which variables ... | 2006 | 12606847 |
| cross-site differences in foraging behavior of white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | researchers have identified a variety of cross-site differences in the foraging behavior of free-ranging great apes, most notably among chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) and more recently orangutans (pongo pygmaeus), that are not due to obvious genetic or ecological differences. these differences are often referred to as "traditions." what is not known is whether this high level of interpopulation variation in behavior is limited to hominoids. in this study, we use long-term data from three costa ri ... | 2002 | 12209573 |
| infant handling in wild cebus capucinus: testing bonds between females? | the evolved functions, if any, of infant handling (ih) by female primates remain unclear for many species. i tested a new hypothesis, that ih tests social bonds between adult females, using data on a group of wild white-faced capuchins. i also tested the nonadaptive, learning-to-mother, reciprocity, harassment and alliance-formation hypotheses. focal subjects were the mothers of 10 infants that ranged in age from 0 to 90 days. the behaviours comprising ih (inspecting, nuzzling, sniffing, and a d ... | 1999 | 10202099 |
| molar microwear and diet in the genus cebus. | recent analyses have documented differences in dental microwear between primate species with different diets, especially between primate hard-object feeders and primate leaf-eaters. thus far, these microwear differences have only been documented for primates with vastly different foraging strategies and geographic distributions. to see if similar differences could be documented for closely related species, dental replicas from cebus apella, cebus nigrivittatus, and cebus capucinus were examined ... | 1985 | 3993762 |
| cytogenetical and biochemical characterization of a dg + dc-rich satellite dna in the primate cebus capucinus. | a very abundant and dg + dc rich dna satellite from primate cebus capucinus has been characterized in its cytogenetic and biochemical properties with the purpose of studying the correlation between the staining properties of heterochromatin and the base composition of the corresponding very repetitive dna. the staining techniques, as well as incorporation of base analogues, show that the heterochromatin segments of c. capucinus chromosomes correspond to a dg + dc-rich satellite. this satellite w ... | 1982 | 6288118 |
| [cytogenetics of two lorisidae (nycticebus coucang and perodicticus potto). comparison with the lemurs and the simians (author's transl)]. | the karyotypes of two lorisidae (prosimians) nycticebus coucang and perodicticus potto have been studied, using many banding techniques. these karyotypes are compared with each other and also with those of microcebus murinus (lemur) and of cebus capucinus (simian, platyrrhine). the karyotype of m. murinus appears ancestral to the other. that of the lorisidae cannot be an intermediatry stage between the karyotypes of the lemurs and of the simians. an important part (12 p. cent) of the genome of n ... | 1979 | 115375 |
| [further studies on the nasal cartilages and palate in cebus capucinus]. | | 1968 | 4974599 |
| relative growth of the limb segments and tail in ateles geoffroyl and cebus capucinus. | | 1947 | 20251296 |
| trichromacy increases fruit intake rates of wild capuchins (cebus capucinus imitator). | intraspecific color vision variation is prevalent among nearly all diurnal monkeys in the neotropics and is seemingly a textbook case of balancing selection acting to maintain genetic polymorphism. clear foraging advantages to monkeys with trichromatic vision over those with dichromatic "red-green colorblind" vision have been observed in captive studies; however, evidence of trichromatic advantage during close-range foraging has been surprisingly scarce in field studies, perhaps as a result of s ... | 2017 | 28894009 |
| older, sociable capuchins (cebus capucinus) invent more social behaviors, but younger monkeys innovate more in other contexts. | an important extension to our understanding of evolutionary processes has been the discovery of the roles that individual and social learning play in creating recurring phenotypes on which selection can act. cultural change occurs chiefly through invention of new behavioral variants combined with social transmission of the novel behaviors to new practitioners. therefore, understanding what makes some individuals more likely to innovate and/or transmit new behaviors is critical for creating reali ... | 2017 | 28739946 |
| pay-off-biased social learning underlies the diffusion of novel extractive foraging traditions in a wild primate. | the type and variety of learning strategies used by individuals to acquire behaviours in the wild are poorly understood, despite the presence of behavioural traditions in diverse taxa. social learning strategies such as conformity can be broadly adaptive, but may also retard the spread of adaptive innovations. strategies like pay-off-biased learning, by contrast, are effective at diffusing new behaviour but may perform poorly when adaptive behaviour is common. we present a field experiment in a ... | 2017 | 28592681 |
| using urinary parameters to estimate seasonal variation in the physical condition of female white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus imitator). | the physical condition of females depends on access to resources, which vary over space and time. assessing variation in physical condition can help identify factors affecting reproductive success, but noninvasive measurement is difficult in wild animals. creatinine concentration relative to the specific gravity (i.e., density) of urine has promise for noninvasively quantifying the relative muscle mass (rmm) of wild primates. we verified the relationship between these urinary parameters for wild ... | 2017 | 28555757 |
| resource influence on the form of fur rubbing behaviour in white-faced capuchins. | self-medicative behaviours have been largely documented in vertebrates and, in particular, the use of plants for pharmacological purposes has been mainly reported in primates. white-faced capuchins are known to rub specifically chosen plants and other substances on their fur. to better understand the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon and investigate the influence of different plant resources on the form of fur rubbing activity, we conducted experiments using different randomly selected plant ... | 2008 | 17766057 |
| differential impact of severe drought on infant mortality in two sympatric neotropical primates. | extreme climate events can have important consequences for the dynamics of natural populations, and severe droughts are predicted to become more common and intense due to climate change. we analysed infant mortality in relation to drought in two primate species (white-faced capuchins, cebus capucinus imitator, and geoffroy's spider monkeys, ateles geoffroyi) in a tropical dry forest in northwestern costa rica. our survival analyses combine several rare and valuable long-term datasets, including ... | 2020 | 32431912 |
| increased terrestriality in a neotropical primate living on islands with reduced predation risk. | an arboreal lifestyle is thought to be central to primate origins, and most extant primate species still live in the trees. nonetheless, terrestrial locomotion is a widespread adaptation that has arisen repeatedly within the primate lineage. the absence of terrestriality among the new world monkeys (platyrrhini) is thus notable and raises questions about the ecological pressures that constrain the expansion of platyrrhines into terrestrial niches. here, we report the results of a natural experim ... | 2020 | 32247060 |
| the nutritional importance of invertebrates to female cebus capucinus imitator in a highly seasonal tropical dry forest. | invertebrates are important foods for many primates and provide valuable nutrients often unavailable from plant sources. we examine the diet of white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus imitator) to determine: (a) timing and types of invertebrate food consumption; (b) whether invertebrate consumption varies with availability of plant foods; and (c) how invertebrates contribute to energy and protein intake of females during different reproductive states. | 2019 | 31396949 |
| group versus population level demographics: an analysis of comparability using long term data on wild white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus imitator). | primates have long been used as indicator species for assessing overall ecosystem health. however, area-wide census methods are time consuming, costly, and not always feasible under many field conditions. therefore, it is important to establish whether monitoring a subset of a population accurately reflects demographic changes occurring in the population at large. over the past 35 years, we have conducted 15 area-wide censuses in sector santa rosa, costa rica. these efforts have revealed importa ... | 2019 | 31286542 |
| small to modest impact of social group on the gut microbiome of wild costa rican capuchins in a seasonal forest. | the horizontal transmission of pathogenic and beneficial microbes has implications for health and development of socially living animals. social group is repeatedly implicated as an important predictor of gut microbiome structure among primates, with individuals in neighboring social groups exhibiting distinct microbiomes. here we examine whether group membership is a predictor of gut microbiome structure and diversity across three groups of white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus imitator) inhab ... | 2019 | 31081233 |
| habitual stone-tool-aided extractive foraging in white-faced capuchins, cebus capucinus. | habitual reliance on tool use is a marked behavioural difference between wild robust (genus sapajus) and gracile (genus cebus) capuchin monkeys. despite being well studied and having a rich repertoire of social and extractive foraging traditions, cebus sp. rarely use tools and have never been observed using stone tools. by contrast, habitual tool use by sapajus is widespread. we review theory and discuss factors which might explain these differences in patterns of tool use between cebus and sapa ... | 2018 | 30225086 |
| seasonality of the gut microbiota of free-ranging white-faced capuchins in a tropical dry forest. | research on the gut microbiota of free-ranging mammals is offering new insights into dietary ecology. however, for free-ranging primates, little information is available for how microbiomes are influenced by ecological variation through time. primates inhabiting seasonal tropical dry forests undergo seasonally specific decreases in food abundance and water availability, which have been linked to adverse health effects. throughout the course of a seasonal transition in 2014, we collected fecal sa ... | 2019 | 30135468 |
| trichromatic perception of flower colour improves resource detection among new world monkeys. | many plants use colour to attract pollinators, which often possess colour vision systems well-suited for detecting flowers. yet, to isolate the role of colour is difficult, as flowers also produce other cues. the study of florivory by neotropical primates possessing polymorphic colour vision provides an opportunity to investigate the importance of colour directly. here we determine whether differences in colour vision within a mixed population of wild dichromatic and trichromatic white-faced cap ... | 2018 | 30022096 |
| infant mortality in white-faced capuchins: the impact of alpha male replacements. | infanticide is common in the context of alpha male replacements (amr), particularly in groups where alpha males experience high reproductive skew and the infants are unlikely to be related to a new alpha male. we examined the relationship between the rate of infant mortality, infant age, and the occurrence and type of amr in white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus imitator) of the santa rosa population in sector santa rosa, área de conservación guanacaste. specifically, we investigated how ... | 2017 | 29140543 |
| comparison of forest regeneration in two sites with different primate abundances in northwestern ecuador. | there is increasing evidence that large-bodied primates play important roles as seed dispersers andin the maintenance of tree diversity in forest ecosystems. in this study we compared forest regeneration at twosites with differing primate abundances in the ecuadorian chocoan rainforest. we predicted: (1) significant differencesin primate abundance between the two sites; (2) higher understory tree species richness and density atthe site with greater primate abundance; (3) the site with lower prim ... | 2016 | 29451750 |
| the influence of anthropogenic edge effects on primate populations and their habitat in a fragmented rainforest in costa rica. | when a forest is fragmented, this increases the amount of forest edge relative to the interior. edge effects can lead to loss of animal and plant species and decreased plant biomass near forest edges. we examined the influence of an anthropogenic forest edge comprising cattle pasture, coconut plantations, and human settlement on the mantled howler (alouatta palliata), white-faced capuchin (cebus capucinus), central american spider monkey (ateles geoffroyi), and plant populations at la suerte bio ... | 2018 | 29411160 |
| interbirth interval variation in three sympatric species of neotropical monkey. | relatively few papers have focused on interbirth intervals in primates, even though the spacing between births is one of the primary determinants of female reproductive success in long-lived mammals. we present life history data from a ten-year field study of costa rican capuchins (cebus capucinus), howlers (alouatta palliata), and spidei monkeys (ateles geoffroyi). analyses of intraspecific variability found no significant differences attributable to individual variation in age, parity, weight, ... | 1995 | 32005049 |
| the value of radio tracking in the study of neotropical rain forest monkeys. | although radio tracking has been used increasingly in primate field studies over the past 15 years, some primatologists have been reluctant to use it. we present data that demonstrate benefits of radio tracking in the study of rain forest primates. data were collected during an ecological study of ateles geoffroyi and cebus capucinus in hilly, dense rain forest habitat with poor visibility, in northeastern costa rica. we show that radio tracking decreased search time for both species, which led ... | 1994 | 32070076 |
| "divergent personality structures of brown (sapajus apella) and white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus)": correction to robinson et al. (2016). | reports an error in "divergent personality structures of brown (sapajus apella) and white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus)" by lauren m. robinson, f. blake morton, marieke c. gartner, jane widness, annika paukner, jennifer l. essler, sarah f. brosnan and alexander weiss (journal of comparative psychology, 2016[nov], vol 130[4], 305-312). in the article, there is an error in several of the tables in the results. the coefficients related to attentiveness were unintentionally reversed-scored. as t ... | 2018 | 30080071 |
| constitutive heterochromatin polymorphism in lagothrix lagothricha cana, cebus apella, and cebus capucinus. | we describe the c-bands in the karyotypes of lagothrix lagothricha cana, cebus apella and cebus capucinus. the c-banding patterns show both a high degree of polymorphism as well as the presence of terminal and interstitial c-bands. varying amounts of heterochromatin result in dimorphism of some chromosome pairs. the high incidence of chromosome rearrangements found in the cebidae may be due to the presence of terminal and interstitial c-bands. | 1983 | 31991965 |
| cooperative rescue of a juvenile capuchin (cebus imitator) from a boa constrictor. | the threat of predation by snakes is considered to have played a significant role in the evolution of primate sensory systems and behavior. however, we know relatively little about individual and group responses given the rarity of observed predation events. here we report an observed (filmed) predation attempt by an adult boa constrictor (~ 2 m) on a juvenile white-faced capuchin (cebus imitator) in the sector santa rosa of the área de conservación guanacaste, costa rica. the snake caught the j ... | 2020 | 33033278 |
| capuchin monkey rituals: an interdisciplinary study of form and function. | many white-faced capuchin monkey dyads in lomas barbudal, costa rica, practise idiosyncratic interaction sequences that are not part of the species-typical behavioural repertoire. these interactions often include uncomfortable or risky elements. these interactions exhibit the following characteristics commonly featured in definitions of rituals in humans: (i) they involve an unusual intensity of focus on the partner, (ii) the behaviours have no immediate utilitarian purpose, (iii) they sometimes ... | 2020 | 32594882 |
| behavioural variation and learning across the lifespan in wild white-faced capuchin monkeys. | natural selection has evidently mediated many species characteristics relevant to the evolution of learning, including longevity, length of the juvenile period, social organization, timing of cognitive and motor development, and age-related shifts in behavioural propensities such as activity level, flexibility in problem-solving and motivation to seek new information. longitudinal studies of wild populations can document such changes in behavioural propensities, providing critical information ab ... | 2020 | 32475335 |
| high density of white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) and habitat quality in the taboga forest of costa rica. | across the globe, primates are threatened by human activities. this is especially true for species found in tropical dry forests, which remain largely unprotected. our ability to predict primate abundance in the face of human activity depends on different species' sensitivities as well as on the characteristics of the forest itself. we studied plant and primate distribution and abundance in the taboga forest, a 516-ha tropical dry forest surrounded by agricultural fields in northwestern costa ri ... | 2020 | 31976575 |
| non-invasive estimation of the costs of feeding competition in a neotropical primate. | a key goal in behavioral ecology is to investigate the factors influencing the access to food resources and energetic condition of females, which are strong predictors of their reproductive success. we aimed to investigate how ecological factors, social factors, and reproductive state are associated with energetic condition in a wild neotropical primate using non-invasive measures. we first assessed and compared urinary c-peptide levels (ucp), the presence of urinary ketones (uket), and behavior ... | 2020 | 31759943 |
| anointing with commercial insect repellent by free-ranging cebus capucinus in manuel antonio national park, quepos, costa rica. | fur rubbing or anointing is a well known behavior in capuchin monkeys (cebus and sapajus), and may have medicinal and/or social functions. observations of anointing in capuchins have recorded the application of substances derived from both plants (orange, onion, garlic, citronella, and lemongrass) and animals (ants and millipedes). the present study reports on anointing behavior in free-ranging white-headed capuchins, cebus capucinus, which involved a commercial insect repellent. after looting a ... | 2019 | 31440864 |
| hematology and serum biochemistry values of healthy free-ranging panamanian white-faced capuchins (cebus imitator) in costa rica. | we describe the hematology and serum biochemistry values for 26 free-ranging panamanian white-faced capuchins (cebus imitator) in costa rica. howell-jolly bodies and microfilariae were observed in some animals. this baseline information is a tool for health assessment and species conservation. | 2020 | 31329522 |
| fruit scent and observer colour vision shape food-selection strategies in wild capuchin monkeys. | the senses play critical roles in helping animals evaluate foods, including fruits that can change both in colour and scent during ripening to attract frugivores. although numerous studies have assessed the impact of colour on fruit selection, comparatively little is known about fruit scent and how olfactory and visual data are integrated during foraging. we combine 25 months of behavioural data on 75 wild, white-faced capuchins (cebus imitator) with measurements of fruit colours and scents from ... | 2019 | 31160592 |
| chronic copper treatment prevents the liver critical balance transcription response induced by acetaminophen. | the independent toxic effects of copper and acetaminophen are among the most studied topics in liver toxicity. here, in an animal model of cebus capucinus chronically exposed to high dietary copper, we assessed clinical and global transcriptional adaptations of the liver induced by a single high dose of acetaminophen. the experiment conditions were chosen to resemble a close to human real-life situation of exposure to both toxic stimuli. the clinical parameters and histological analyses indicate ... | 2019 | 30910193 |
| development of snake-directed antipredator behavior by wild white-faced capuchin monkeys: iii. the signaling properties of alarm-call tonality. | in many primates, the acoustic properties of alarm calls can provide information on the level of perceived predatory threat as well as influence the antipredator behavior of nearby conspecifics. the present study examined the harmonics-to-noise ratio (tonality of spectral structure) of alarm calls emitted by white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus) in trees directed at photographic models of a boa constrictor, neotropical rattlesnake, scorpion eater snake, and white snake-shaped control pr ... | 2019 | 30664280 |
| correction to: conformism in the food processing techniques of white-faced capuchin monkeys (cebus capucinus). | the original article shows incorrect values for 'coef. and robust se' under the heading. | 2018 | 30267270 |
| the microbial reproductive ecology of white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | changes in reproductive status influence energy and nutrient requirements in female primates. the gut microbiota may buffer changes in energy demands, with shifts in community composition increasing the energy production potential of the gut during pregnancy and lactation. in this study, we examine changes in the gut microbiome of wild, female white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) across different reproductive states. fecal samples (n = 39) were collected from five adult females over the cours ... | 2018 | 29984842 |
| trnl outperforms rbcl as a dna metabarcoding marker when compared with the observed plant component of the diet of wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus, primates). | dna metabarcoding is a powerful tool for assessing the diets of wild animals, but there is no clear consensus on which proposed plant barcoding marker is most suitable for dietary analysis. this study compares two dna plant barcoding markers that are commonly used for dietary analyses from degraded dna, rbcl and trnl, to detailed dietary observations of wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). observational dietary data and fecal samples (n = 170) were collected for one year from a group of ... | 2018 | 29944686 |
| influence of fruit and invertebrate consumption on the gut microbiota of wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | invertebrate consumption is thought to be an integral part of early hominin diets, and many modern human populations regularly consume insects and other arthropods. this study examines the response of gut microbial community structure and function to changes in diet in wild white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus), a primate that incorporates a large proportion of invertebrates in its diet. the goal of the study is to better understand the role of both fruit and invertebrate prey consumption on s ... | 2018 | 29313897 |
| carrying and hand-use patterns in panamanian white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus). | the aim of this project was to examine the potential influence of postural regulation on capuchin hand-use patterns by focusing on tasks that involved the carrying of objects. two months were spent on barro colorado island, panama, collecting data on ten white-faced capuchins (cebus capucicus) (four adult males/six adult females). over 215 contact hours were spent with the monkeys, and a total of 213 carries were recorded. no hand preference bias at the population level was found for the carry t ... | 2000 | 30545204 |
| benefits and costs of resident males to females in white-faced capuchins, cebus capucinus. | some benefits and costs of resident males to females are examined in white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus) at santa rosa national park, costa rica. a total of 380 hours of focal data were collected on adults in two groups, between january and july 1991. the results of this study suggest that for females, males provide some greater benefits, and impose some higher costs than do other females. males are more vigilant than females, and are somewhat more successful in detecting predators. to the e ... | 1994 | 32070072 |
| vocal coordination of troop movement among white-faced capuchin monkeys, cebus capucinus. | coordinated travel by social groups is well documented, often with evidence that cognitive spatial maps are employed. yet the mechanisms by which movement decisions are made and implemented within social groups are poorly known. in a field study of white-faced capuchin monkeys in costa rica it was demonstrated that a specific call, the "trill," is used by adults in the initiation and directing of troop movement. the trills of subadults were restricted to vocal exchanges with other subadults. con ... | 1993 | 31937019 |
| locomotor and postural behavior in alouatta palliata and cebus capucinus. | positional behavior of two platyrrhine monkeys, alouatta palliata and cebus capucinus, was observed at la pacifica and santa rosa national park, costa rica. frequency data for locomotion, postures, support diameters, orientation of supports, and use of canopy were recorded on focal males and females. alouatta palliata is a frequent user of arboreal quadrupedalism (47%) and climbing (37%), with bridging (10%) representing the next most frequent type of locomotion. intraspecific comparisons show t ... | 1992 | 31948152 |
| sequence of late dna replication in cebus capucinus chromosomes and a standardized g-banded karyotype. | we proposed a standardized g-banded idiogram (about 400 bands) for cebus capucinus and established the complete late replication sequence for about 200 bands. many chromosomes thought to be homologous on the basis of r-banding and gene mapping showed similar replication sequences to human and macaque chromosomes. other supposed homologs had no good correspondence. asynchrony was observed in some bands and a few of these are apparently evolutionarily conserved. a full understanding of the evoluti ... | 1992 | 31941213 |
| use of a club by a wild white-faced capuchin (cebus capucinus) to attack a venomous snake (bothrops asper). | in parque nacional manuel antonio, costa rica, an adult male cebus capucinus was observed repeatedly hitting a venomous snake (bothropsasper) with a branch. initially a large dead branch overhanging the snake had been broken off in the course of aggressive displays to the snake by the adult and two subadult males. the snake's escape was apparently prevented by the weight of the fallen branch and possibly by the injuries caused by its fall. this is the first direct observation of a capuchin monke ... | 1988 | 31973450 |