| notes on parasitism by amblyomma humerale (acari: ixodidae) in the state of rondônia, western amazon, brazil. | the tick amblyomma humerale koch is endemic to south america. all host records refer to the adult stage parasitizing tortoises, mostly yellow-footed tortoise, geochelone denticulata (l.), and red-footed tortoise, geochelone carbonaria (spix). the current study reports the presence of a. humerale in the state of rondônia, brazil. a total of 215 adult ticks (201 males, 14 females) was collected from six g denticulata in an indian reserve and nine geochelone sp. in rural monte negro county, giving ... | 2002 | 12495177 |
| canine visceral leishmaniasis in barra de guaratiba, rio de janeiro, brazil: assessment of risk factors. | barra de guaratiba is a coastal area of the city of rio de janeiro where american visceral leishmaniasis (avl) is endemic. although control measures including killing of dogs and use of insecticides have been applied at this locality, the canine seroprevalence remains at 25% and during 1995 and 1997 eight autochthonous human cases were notified. in order to evaluate factors related to the increase of the risk for leishmania (leishmania) chagasi infection in dogs we have screened 365 dogs by anti ... | 2003 | 12754572 |
| trypanosoma cruzi in marsupial didelphids (philander frenata and didelhis marsupialis): differences in the humoral immune response in natural and experimental infections. | philander frenata and didelphis marsupialis harbor parasitism by trypanosoma cruzi without developing any apparent disease and on the contrary to d. marsupialis, p. frenata maintains parasitism by t. cruzi ii subpopulations. here we compared the humoral immune response of the two didelphids naturally and experimentally infected with t. cruzi ii group, employing sds-page/western blot techniques and by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. we also studied the histopathological pattern of naturally ... | 2003 | 12806461 |
| mapping the distribution of the interstitial telomeric (ttaggg)n sequences in eight species of brazilian marsupials (didelphidae) by fish and the correlation with constitutive heterochromatin. do its represent evidence for fusion events in american marsupials? | the c-band pattern and the distribution of the (ttaggg)(n) sequence after fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish), were studied in eight species of didelphidae marsupials: four species with 2n = 14 (marmosops parvidens, marmosops incanus, marmosa murina and metachirus nudicaudatus), two species with 2n = 18 (monodelphis domestica and m. americana), and two with 2n = 22 (didelphis marsupialis and lutreolina crassicaudata). the hybridization signals were observed at both termini telomeres of all ... | 2002 | 12826754 |
| distribution of nadph-diaphorase in the superior colliculus of cebus monkeys, and co-localization with calcium-binding proteins. | we examined the distribution of the enzyme dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (nadph-d) in the superior colliculus (sc) of the new world monkey cebus apella, and the co-localization of this enzyme with the calcium-binding proteins (cabps) calbindin-d28k, parvalbumin and calretinin. despite the intensely labeled neuropil, rare nadph-d-positive cells were observed in the stratum griseum superficiale (sgs). most of the labeled cells in the sc were found in the intermediat ... | 2003 | 12871769 |
| [data on trypanosoma rangeli tejera, 1920. ii. experimental injection of the culture into didelphis marsupialis & didelphis paraguayensis paraguayensis (opossums)]. | | 1958 | 13586749 |
| seroprevalence of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibodies in the south american opossum (didelphis marsupialis) from the city of são paulo, brazil. | antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii were assayed in sera of 396 opossums (didelphis marsupialis) from the city of são paulo, brazil. antibodies to n. caninum were assayed using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat). antibodies (ifat, approximately 1:25) to n. caninum were found in 84 opossums (d. marsupialis) in titers of 1:25 in 46, 1:50 in 20, 1:100 in 17, and 1:400 in 1. antibodies to t. gondii were assayed with the modified agglutination test (mat) and the ifat ... | 2003 | 14533710 |
| feeding success of lutzomyia evansi (diptera: psychodidae) experimentally exposed to small mammal hosts in an endemic focus of leishmania chagasi in northern colombia. | lutzomyia evansi is the vector of leishmania chagasi in northern colombia. differences in feeding success were revealed, when this phlebotomine sand fly was fed on five species of small mammal hosts from an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis. in each trial, 50 female sand flies were provided access to similar-sized depilated areas of the hind foot of each of 44 individual mammals and allowed to feed for 30 minutes. the number of engorged sand flies was counted at the end of each trial and c ... | 2003 | 14968917 |
| risk of trypanosoma cruzi i (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) transmission by panstrongylus geniculatus (hemiptera: reduviidae) in caracas (metropolitan district) and neighboring states, venezuela. | the collection of panstrongylus geniculatus bugs by inhabitants of dwellings in caracas city (metropolitan district) and in the neighboring miranda and vargas sates, venezuela, allowed for the gathering of data on the potential role of this sylvatic triatomine bug as a vector of chagas disease in this area. the natural infection by trypanosoma cruzi was recorded by examining fresh and stained faeces of the bugs. additionally, a random amplification of polymorphic dna technique for parasite ident ... | 2005 | 16019006 |
| action of anti-bothropic factor isolated from didelphis marsupialis on renal effects of bothrops erythromelas venom. | acute renal failure is the most common complication in the lethal cases caused by snakebites in brazil. among the brazilian venom snakes, bothrops erythromelas is responsible for the majority of accidents in northeastern brazil. didelphis marsupialis serum could inhibit myonecrotic, hemorrhagic, edematogenic hyperalgesic and lethal effects of envenomation determined by ophidian bites. in the present study, we evaluated the action of the anti-bothropic factor isolated from d. marsupialis on the r ... | 2005 | 16168450 |
| prevalence of bordetella bronchiseptica in certain central iowa. | bordetella bronchiseptica was isolated from 6 of 13 short-tailed shrews (blarina brevicauda) and 1 of 47 house sparrows (passer domesticus) trapped in the vicinity of a swine bordetella rhinitis experimental area. the organism was found in four of 50 foxes (vulpes fulva), 2 of 36 opossums (didelphis marsupialis) and 1 of 37 raccoons (procyon lotor) trapped in the ames, iowa area. this bacterium was not culturally isolated from 14 deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus), 64 house mice (mus musculus), ... | 1976 | 16502690 |
| detection and ecology of leptospirosis in iowa wildlife. | to gain additional information on the extent of leptospirosis in wildlife following a human outbreak in iowa, wild mammals and lower forms of life were collected. isolation, darkfield microscopic, serologic and pathologic procedures were used to identify past or present evidence of leptospiral infection. leptospires were isolated from 7 of 75 (9%) mammals. serotype grippotyphosa was isolated from three raccoons (procyon lotor) and one western harvest mouse (reithrodontomys megalotis). serotype b ... | 1970 | 16512128 |
| the susceptibility of five species of wild animals to experimental infection with leptospira grippotyphosa. | five species of wild animals including opossums, didelphis marsupialis, striped skunks, mephitis mephitis, red, vulpes vulpes, and gray foxes, urocyon cinereoargenteus and raccoons, procyon lotor, were inoculated intraperitoneally with varying numbers of leptospira grippotyphosa, organisms. clinical signs were not detected, however, leptospiremia, leptospiruria and antibodies for the homologous organism, were demonstrated. lesions attributed to leptospirosis were observed in liver and kidney tis ... | 1970 | 16512129 |
| morphological study of tetratrichomonas didelphidis isolated from opossum lutreolina crassicaudata by scanning electron microscopy. | tetratrichomonas didelphidis is a flagellate protozoan found in the intestine of opossums didelphis marsupialis, didelphis albiventris, and lutreolina crassicaudata. the isolate used in this study was from l. crassicaudata and it was cultivated in monoxenic culture with escherichia coli in diamond (tym) medium without maltose and with starch solution (trypticase-yeast extract-starch), ph 7.5 at 28 degrees c. scanning electron microscopy showed the fine morphological features of the trophozoites: ... | 2007 | 17252276 |
| infection by trypanosomes in marsupials and rodents associated with human dwellings in ecuador. | small mammals trapped in domestic and peridomestic environments of rural ecuador were screened for trypanosome infection by direct microscopy and hemoculture. identification of species of trypanosomes was then performed by morphological characteristics and by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays. of 194 animals collected, 15 were positive for infection (7.73%). eight (4.12%) were infected with trypanosoma cruzi (1 of 33 didelphis marsupialis; 7 of 61 rattus rattus). eleven r. rattus (18.03%) h ... | 2006 | 17304802 |
| further description of aspidodera raillieti (nematoda: aspidoderidae) from didelphis marsupialis (mammalia: didelphidae) by light and scanning electron microscopy. | nematodes of the family aspidoderidae (nematoda: heterakoidea) freitas 1956 are widely distributed from americas. the species of the genus aspidodera railliet and henry 1912 are parasites of mammals of the orders edentata, marsupialia, and rodentia. in the present work, aspidodera raillieti (l. travassos, mem inst oswaldo cruz 5(3):271-318, 1913), collected from the large intestine of didelphis marsupialis (mammalia: didelphidae) from valle del cauca, colombia, is redescribed. the association of ... | 2007 | 17622560 |
| didelphis marsupialis (common opossum): a potential reservoir host for zoonotic leishmaniasis in the metropolitan region of belo horizonte (minas gerais, brazil). | identification of the zoonotic reservoir is important for leishmaniasis control program. a number of (wild) animal species may serve as reservoir hosts, including the opossum didelphis marsupialis. a survey carried out in didelphis specimens (n = 111) from the metropolitan region of belo horizonte, an important focus of human leishmaniasis in brazil, is reported. all animals were serologically tested with indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat) and direct agglutination tests (dat) based on l. ... | 2007 | 17767408 |
| feeding sources and trypanosome infection index of rhodnius pallescens in a chagas disease endemic area of amador county, panama. | the sylvatic triatomine rhodnius pallescens is considered to be the most important and widespread vector of trypanosoma cruzi and trypanosoma rangeli in panama. however, its behavior and biological characteristics have only been partially investigated. thus, to achieve sustainable and efficient control over chagas disease in panama, a better understanding of the ecology and biology of r. pallescens is essential. in this study we evaluated r. pallescens host feeding sources using a dot-blot assay ... | 2008 | 18488091 |
| inhibition of the hemorrhagic and proteolytic activities of lansberg's hognose pit viper (porthidium lansbergii hutmanni) venom by opossum (didelphis marsupialis) serum: isolation of didelphis marsupialis 0.15dm fraction on deae-cellulose chromatography. | earlier studies have revealed the ability of sera from several mammals to neutralize the toxic effects of snake venom. the venezuelan opossum (didelphis marsupialis) is one that has been found to inhibit hemorrhagic and proteolytic activities of venoms from many species of snakes. in this article it is shown that the opossum sera and its 0.15dm fraction were able to completely neutralize both hemorrhagic and hydrolysis (proteolysis) of casein effects induced by venom of the lansberg's hognose pi ... | 2008 | 18800269 |
| [ectoparasites of small wild mammals from the adjacent areas of itapecuru river and environmental preservation area of inhamum, state of maranhão, brazil]. | during fauna studies, thirty-six wild mammals were collected in adjacent areas of itapecuru river and environmental preservation area of inhamum, state of maranhão, brazil. they were sampled for ectoparasites. the following specimens of the order rodentia and its respective ectoparasites were identified: akodon sp. (androlaelaps sp. and laelaps sp.), oecomys sp. (androlaelaps sp. and amblyomma cajennense), oligoryzomys sp. (androlaelaps sp. laelaps sp. and amblyomma sp.) e oryzomys megacephalus ... | 2008 | 20059819 |
| experimental infection of didelphis marsupialis with vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus. | although vesicular stomatitis has been present for many years in the americas, many aspects of its natural history remain undefined. in this study, we challenged five adult virginia opossums (didelphis marsupialis) with vesicular stomatitis new jersey serotype virus (vsnjv). opossums had no detectable antibodies against vsnjv prior to being inoculated with 10(6.5) median tissue culture infective doses (tcid(50)) of vsnjv by two routes; intraepithelial/subepithelial (ie/se) inoculation and scarif ... | 2010 | 20090034 |
| non-legalized commerce in game meat in the brazilian amazon: a case study. | in tropical forests, wild game meat represents an option or the only protein source for some human populations. this study analyzed the wildlife meat trade destined to human consumption in an open market of the amazon rainforest, brazil. wildlife meat trade was monitored during 2005 through interviews to vendors and consumers in order to evaluate the socioeconomic profile of the sellers, the main species and byproducts sold, their geographical origin, commercial value, frequency of sale and prod ... | 2010 | 20737856 |
| dna barcodes effectively identify the morphologically similar common opossum (didelphis marsupialis) and virginia opossum (didelphis virginiana) from areas of sympatry in mexico. | two morphologically similar species of opossum from the genus didelphis-didelphis virginiana and didelphis marsupialis-cooccur sympatrically in mexico. high intraspecific variation complicates their morphological discrimination, under both field and museum conditions. this study aims to evaluate the utility and reliability of using dna barcodes (short standardized genome fragments used for dna-based identification) to distinguish these two species. sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit i ... | 2010 | 21271858 |
| structure of parasite component communities of didelphid marsupials: insights from a comparative study. | abstract the parasite fauna of the gray four eyed opossum and the common opossum in camp du tigre, french guiana is herein characterized. nine species from the gastrointestinal system were recovered from both species, which shared 80% of their parasites. the parasite fauna comprised several monoxenous species (63%) and was dominated by a. raillieti, which exhibited high levels of prevalence and abundance in both communities. only 2 species (moennigia sp. and spirura guianensis) had been recorded ... | 2011 | 21506798 |
| [trypanosomatidae of public health importance occurring in wild and synanthropic animals of rural venezuela]. | chagas disease and leishmaniasis are important public health problems due to their high frequency and broad distribution in latin america. understanding of the roles of reservoir animals is crucial for a global assessment of the epidemiology of these diseases. | 2006 | 16929902 |
| fibrous osteodystrophy in an opossum. | a free living opossum (didelphis marsupialis) was found to have severe fibrous osteodystrophy of the maxilla and mandibles. no significant lesions were found in the kidneys, ruling out an etiology of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism. an etiology of primary phperthyroidism or nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism is suggested. | 2005 | 1142556 |
| spino-bulbar, spino-thalamic and medical lemniscal connections in the american opossum, didelphis marsupialis virginiana. | | 2016 | 5071890 |
| chagas' disease: an emergent urban zoonosis. the caracas valley (venezuela) as an epidemiological model. | the unprecedented emergence of important public health and veterinary zoonoses is usually a result of exponential population growth and globalization of human activities. i characterized chagas' disease as an emergent zoonosis in the caracas valley (venezuela) due to the following findings: the presence of reservoirs (didelphis marsupialis, rattus rattus) and vectors (panstrongylus geniculatus, panstrongylus rufotuberculatus) infected with trypanosoma cruzi in urbanized or marginalized areas; th ... | 2014 | 25520950 |
| trypanosoma (megatrypanum) lainsoni n. sp. from mesomys hispidus (rodentia: echimyidae) in brazil: trypomastigotes described from experimentally infected laboratory mice. | we report the detection, isolation and description of trypanosoma (megatrypanum) lainsoni n. sp. from a caviomorph rodent, mesomys hispidus (rodentia: echimyidae), obtained in the rio negro region of the state of amazonas, in northern brazil. laboratory-bred white mice (mus musculus) and rats (rattus rattus) were inoculated with large numbers of culture forms by intraperitoneal route, and trypomastigotes appeared in their blood 3-8 days post-inoculation. one single epimastigote was also found in ... | 2013 | 24309069 |
| erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from brazilian opossum didelphis marsupialis. | in a comparative study of erythrocyte metabolism of vertebrates, the specific activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) of the brazilian opossum didelphis marsupialis in a hemolysate was shown to be high, 207 +/- 38 iu g-1 hb-1 min-1 at 37 degrees c, compared to the human erythrocyte activity of 12 +/- 2 iu g-1 hb-1 min-1 at 37 degrees c. the apparent high specific activity of the mixture led us to investigate the physicochemical properties of the opossum enzyme. we report that reduce ... | 2006 | 16648898 |
| molecular characterization and development of sarcocystis speeri sarcocysts in gamma interferon gene knockout mice. | the north american opossum (didelphis virginiana) is the definitive host for at least three named species of sarcocystis: sarcocystis falcatula, sarcocystis neurona and sarcocystis speeri. the south american opossums (didelphis albiventris, didelphis marsupialis and didelphis aurita) are definitive hosts for s. falcatula and s. lindsayi. the sporocysts of these sarcocystis species are similar morphologically. they are also not easily distinguished genetically because of the difficulties of dna e ... | 2015 | 26303093 |
| the chagas disease domestic transmission cycle in guatemala: parasite-vector switches and lack of mitochondrial co-diversification between triatoma dimidiata and trypanosoma cruzi subpopulations suggest non-vectorial parasite dispersal across the motagua valley. | parasites transmitted by insects must adapt to their vectors and reservoirs. chagas disease, an american zoonosis caused by trypanosoma cruzi, is transmitted by several species of triatomines. in central america, triatoma dimidiata is a widely dispersed vector found in sylvatic and domestic habitats, with distinct populations across the endemic region of guatemala. our aim was to test the strength of association between vector and parasite genetic divergence in domestic environments. microsatell ... | 2015 | 26215126 |
| growth kinetic study of tetratrichomonas didelphidis isolated from opossum lutreolina crassicaudata and interaction with a prokaryotic cell. | tetratrichomonas didelphidis is a flagellate protozoan found in the intestine, cecum and colon of opossums, didelphis marsupialis. this work reports the occurrence of t. didelphidis in another opossum species, lutreolina crassicaudata. the strain was cultivated in monoxenic culture with escherichia coli in diamond (tym) medium without maltose and with starch solution (trypticase-yeast extract-starch), ph 7.5 at 28 degrees c. the growth kinetic study of t. didelphidis showed a longer time of grow ... | 2001 | 11510998 |
| trypanosoma cruzi infection in didelphis marsupialis in santa catarina and arvoredo islands, southern brazil. | between 1984 and 1993 the prevalence of the trypanosoma cruzi infection in opossums (didelphis marsupialis) was studied in santa catarina and arvoredo islands, state of santa catarina, brazil. the association of the triatomine bug panstrongylus megistus with opossums nests and the infection rate of these triatomines by t. cruzi was also studied. thirteen different locations were studied in santa catarina island (sci), in which 137 d. marsupialis were collected. sixty two opossums were collected ... | 2000 | 11080763 |
| nitric oxide synthase expression in the opossum superior colliculus: a histochemical, immunohistochemical and biochemical study. | the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nnos) in the superior colliculus (sc) of the opossum didelphis marsupialis was studied by nadph diaphorase (nadph-d) histochemistry and nnos immunohistochemistry. in addition, the activity of nnos was quantified by measurement of [(3)h]-l-arginine conversion to [(3)h]-l-citrulline in tissue extracts from sc superficial layers in opossums and rats. our results show that the number of nadph-d stained cells was small and virtually identical in strat ... | 1999 | 10681601 |
| validation of a poisson-distributed limiting dilution assay (lda) for a rapid and accurate resolution of multiclonal infections in natural trypanosoma cruzi populations. | trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of american trypanosomiasis, a complex zoonotic disease that affects more than 10million people in the americas. strains of this parasite possess a significant amount of genetic variability and hence can be divided into at least six discrete typing units (dtus). the life cycle of this protist suggests that multiclonal infections may emerge due to the likelihood of contact of triatomine insects with more than 100 mammal species. to date, there have been a ... | 2013 | 23159798 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: correlations of biological aspects of the life cycle in mice and triatomines. | the infection pattern in swiss mice and triatomine bugs (rhodnius neglectus) of eleven clones and the original stock of a trypanosoma cruzi isolate, derived from a naturally infected didelphis marsupialis, were biochemically and biologically characterized. the clones and the original isolate were in the same zymodeme (z1) except that two clones were found to be in zymodeme 2 when tested with g6pdh. although infective, neither the original isolate nor the clones were highly virulent for the mice ... | 1999 | 10348990 |
| humoral immune response kinetics in philander opossum and didelphis marsupialis infected and immunized by trypanosoma cruzi employing an immunofluorescence antibody test. | philander opossum and didelphis marsupialis considered the most ancient mammals and an evolutionary success, maintain parasitism by trypanosoma cruzi without developing any apparent disease or important tissue lesion. in order to elucidate this well-balanced interaction, we decided to compare the humoral immune response kinetics of the two didelphids naturally and experimentally infected with t. cruzi and immunized by different schedules of parasite antigens, employing an indirect fluorescence a ... | 1999 | 10348985 |
| dynamics of leishmania chagasi infection in small mammals of the undisturbed and degraded tropical dry forests of northern colombia. | the infection rate with leishmania chagasi and the population dynamics of small mammals were studied in an undisturbed forest reserve (colosó) and an area of highly degraded forest (san andrés de sotavento [sas]) in northern colombia, both endemic for visceral leishmaniasis. live trapping of mammals was done every month, and species, age, sex and reproductive status determined. l. chagasi was detected in samples of skin or spleen by the polymerase chain reaction, after extraction of deoxyribonuc ... | 1998 | 9861395 |
| new records of histoplasma capsulatum from wild animals in the brazilian amazon. | twenty-eight isolates of histoplasma capsulatum were obtained from eight species of forest mammals from the states of amazonas, pará and rondônia in the amazon region of brazil. primary isolates were obtained by inoculating triturated liver and spleen tissue intradermally and intraperitoneally in hamsters. mycological diagnosis in hamsters presenting lesions was confirmed by histopathology and culture on sabouraud dextrose-agar. infected hamsters developed signs of disease within two to nine mon ... | 1996 | 9216108 |
| po41, a snake venom metalloproteinase inhibitor isolated from philander opossum serum. | po41 was isolated from philander opossum serum by deae-sephacel, phenyl superose and superdex 200 chromatographies and showed a molecular mass of 41,330 da by maldi-tof ms. molecular masses of 81.5 and 84.5 kda were obtained by size exclusion chromatography and dynamic laser light scattering, respectively, suggesting that po41 is dimeric. its isoelectric point was estimated to be lower than 3.5. po41 presented similar amino terminal sequence to those of dm40 and dm43, two antihaemorrhagins previ ... | 2003 | 14602117 |
| isolation and characterization of dm40 and dm43, two snake venom metalloproteinase inhibitors from didelphis marsupialis serum. | from didelphis marsupialis serum, two antihemorrhagic proteins were isolated by deae-sephacel, phenyl-sepharose and superdex 200 and characterized. their masses by mass spectrometry were 40318 amu for dm40 and 42373 and 43010 amu for dm43, indicating the presence of isoforms for the last. molecular masses of 44.8 and 47.3 were obtained by sds-page, respectively for dm40 and dm43. both inhibitors showed isoelectric points lower than 3.5 and glycosylation percentages varying from 20.5 to 29.0%, as ... | 2000 | 10779682 |
| inhibition of the hyperalgesic activity of bothrops jararaca venom by an antibothropic fraction isolated from opossum (didelphis marsupialis) serum. | the antibothropic fraction (abf) already isolated from didelphis marsupialis serum, inhibits the haemorrhagic, oedematogenic, myonecrotic and lethal activities of bothrops jararaca venom (bjv). the aim of this work was to verify the capability of abf to inhibit the hyperalgesic activity of bjv. intraplantar injection of bjv induced hyperalgesia in a time- and dose-dependent manner and abf administered in situ concomitantly with bjv or i.v. 30 min before venom injection reduced the induced hypera ... | 2000 | 10695972 |
| detection of an antibothropic fraction in opossum (didelphis marsupialis) milk that neutralizes bothrops jararaca venom. | an antibothropic fraction (abf) from didelphis marsupialis (opossum) serum, which is responsible for the neutralization of bothrops jararaca venom was isolated by perales et al. [perales, j., moussatché, h., marangoni, s., oliveira, b. and domont, g. b. (1994). isolation and partial characterization of an antibothropic complex from the serum of south american didelphidae. toxicon 32, 1237-1249]. the aim of this work was to verify the presence of this factor in opossum's milk, which could represe ... | 1999 | 9920488 |
| inhibitory properties of the antibothropic complex from the south american opossum (didelphis marsupialis) serum. | the south american opossum didelphis marsupialis is known to be highly resistant to snake envenomation. in this paper it is shown that the opossum serum inhibits haemorrhage induced by both crotalinae and viperinae venoms. tested against bothrops jararaca (jararaca) venom, the antibothropic complex (abc) isolated from the opossum serum was at least six times more antihaemorrhagic than the commercial antivenom. abc showed no proteolytic activity by itself and was not hydrolysed by the venom. it i ... | 1997 | 9241780 |
| isolation and partial characterization of an anti-bothropic complex from the serum of south american didelphidae. | an anti-bothropic fraction (abf) with anti-bothrops jararaca venom activity tested in mice was isolated from the serum of some south american didelphidae (didelphis marsupialis, philander opossum and lutreolina crassicaudata) by deae-sephacel chromatography. abf from d. marsupialis was shown to be 12 times more active in protection assays on a weight basis than the serum proteins. a similar fraction obtained from metachirus nudicaudatum serum was shown to be inactive. an anti-bothropic complex ( ... | 1994 | 7846694 |
| trypanosoma cruzi in the anal glands of urban opossums. i--isolation and experimental infections. | opossums (didelphis marsupialis) captured in intensely urbanized areas of the city of caracas, venezuela, were found infected with trypanosoma cruzi. the developmental cycle of trypomastigote-epimastigote-metacyclic infective trypomastigote, usually occurring in the intestine of the triatomine vector, was taking place in the anal odoriferous glands of the opossums. material from the glands, inoculated in young, healthy opossums and white mice by different routes, subcutaneously, intraperitoneall ... | 1996 | 9070398 |
| antigenic relationship among antihemorrhagic factors from snake and opossum plasmas. | immunological relationships among antihemorrhagic factors (ahf) present in the plasma of different snakes and a mammal (opossum) were studied. antibodies were prepared against purified bothrops jararaca and didelphis marsupialis aurita (opossum) ahf. the antigen-antibody reaction was determined by direct elisa and by the competition of homologous antigen-antibody reaction with a heterologous competitor antigen. plasmas from several snakes and from opossum were used as antigens. anti-ahf (b. jara ... | 1989 | 2620182 |
| isolation and partial characterization of a protein fraction from the opossum (didelphis marsupialis) serum, with protecting property against the bothrops jararaca snake venom. | two separated methods were used to purify a fraction from the opossum (didelphis marsupialis) serum able to protect mice against bothrops jararaca venom. the first of them included an initial batch deae-cellulose ion-exchange of the serum, followed by another ion-exchange chromatography on a carboxymethyl sepharose column. the second method was a column ion-exchange chromatography on deae-sephacel. these techniques allowed to obtain a protein fraction which resulted homogeneous in cellulose acet ... | 1986 | 3767145 |
| the araguaia river as an important biogeographical divide for didelphid marsupials in central brazil. | the riverine barrier model suggests that rivers play a significant role in separating widespread organisms into isolated populations. in this study, we used a comparative approach to investigate the phylogeography of 6 didelphid marsupial species in central brazil. specifically, we evaluate the role of the mid-araguaia river in differentiating populations and estimate divergence time among lineages to assess the timing of differentiation of these species, using mitochondrial dna sequence data. t ... | 2015 | 26249652 |
| coccidial dispersion across new world marsupials: klossiella tejerai scorza, torrealba & dagert, 1957 (apicomplexa: adeleorina) from the brazilian common opossum didelphis aurita (wied-neuwied) (mammalia: didelphimorphia). | klossiella tejerai scorza, torrealba & dagert, 1957 is a primitive coccidian parasite reported from the new world marsupials didelphis marsupialis (linnaeus) and marmosa demerarae (thomas). the current work describes k. tejerai from the brazilian common opossum didelphis aurita (wied-neuwied) in southeastern brazil, evidencing the coccidial dispersion across opossums of the same family. the sporocysts recovered from urine samples were ellipsoidal, 20.4 × 12.7 µm, with sporocyst residuum composed ... | 2014 | 25079818 |
| endogenous life cycle of eimeria marmosopos (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from the opossum, didelphis marsupialis (didelphimorphia: didelphidae) in costa rica. | the endogenous life cycle of eimeria marmosopos was studied in experimentally infected young opossums, didelphis marsupialis . all the endogenous stages were located in the epithelial cells of villi in the small intestine. giemsa-stained mucosal scrapings and histological sections were studied for the diagnosis of all the life cycle stages. eimeria marmosopos has 3 generations of meronts (m) that differ by size, shape, and number of merozoites (m), which also differ in their size, shape, and loc ... | 2015 | 25807059 |
| development of the ethmoid in caluromys philander (didelphidae, marsupialia) with a discussion on the homology of the turbinal elements in marsupials. | homology of turbinals, or scroll bones, of the mammalian ethmoid bone is poorly known and complicated by a varied terminology. positionally, there are two main types of ossified adult turbinals known as endoturbinals and ectoturbinals, and their cartilaginous precursors are called ethmoturbinals and frontoturbinals, respectively. endoturbinals are considered to be serially homologous due to similarity in their developmental patterns. consequently, endoturbinals from mammals with differing number ... | 2014 | 25312361 |
| common opossum (didelphis marsupialis linnaeus, 1758): food and medicine for people in the amazon. | in the amazon rainforest, biodiversity is a significant resource for traditional communities, as it can be used as a relevant source of protein and it has a promising zootherapeutic potential. studies on knowledge and ways how local peoples use the fauna are still incipient. this paper presents both the knowledge on and food and medicinal uses of common opossum (didelphis marsupialis) by riverine communities in an amazon floodplain region. | 2014 | 25209094 |
| biological and isoenzymatic characterization of trypanosoma cruzi strains isolated from sylvatic reservoirs and vectors from the state of santa catarina, southern brazil. | sixty eight trypanosoma cruzi strains were isolated in the state of santa catarina, southern brazil, from sylvatic reservoirs or naturally infected vectors and characterized by their biological behaviour in mice, morphology of bloodstream forms and isoenzyme profiles. twenty eight strains were isolated from the triatomine bug (panstrongylus megistus), 2 from rodents (echimys dasythrix and akodon sp) and 38 from opossums (didelphis marsupialis). the infectivity in mice of 48 t. cruzi strains show ... | 1995 | 8907395 |
| distribution of nadph-diaphorase-positive neurons in the opossum neocortex. | the distribution of nadph-diaphorase reactive cells were evaluated both in horizontal sections of a flattened cortex and in transversal sections of the opossum (didelphis marsupialis) neocortex. the tangential distribution of labeled cells behind the orbitalis fissure was denser in the rostral vs caudal regions and in the lateral vs medial regions. transversal sections revealed that most of the positive neurons are in the grey matter, although 1/4 of this population is located in the underlying ... | 1994 | 7640634 |
| conformational plasticity of dm43, a metalloproteinase inhibitor from didelphis marsupialis: chemical and pressure-induced equilibrium (un)folding studies. | we have investigated the folding of dm43, a homodimeric metalloproteinase inhibitor isolated from the serum of the south american opossum didelphis marsupialis. denaturation of the protein induced by gdnhcl (guanidine hydrochloride) was monitored by extrinsic and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy. while the equilibrium (un)folding of dm43 followed by tryptophan fluorescence was well described by a cooperative two-state transition, bis-ans (4,4'-dianilino-1,1'-binaphthyl-5,5'-disulfonic acid) f ... | 2009 | 19332153 |
| scanning electron microscopic structure of the lingual papillae of the common opossum (didelphis marsupialis). | the mammalian tongue has evolved for specialized functions in different species. the structure of its papillae tells about the animal's diet, habit, and taxonomy. the opossum has four kinds of lingual papillae (filiform, conical, fungiform, vallate). scanning electron microscopy of the external features, connective tissue cores, and corrosion casts of the microvasculature show the filiform papillae have a spearhead-like main process and spiny accessory processes around the apical part of the mai ... | 2005 | 16079016 |
| inhibition of crotalidae venom hemorrhagic activities by didelphis marsupialis liver spheroids culture supernatants. | the main aim of this work was the development of a primary hepatocyte culture from didelphis marsupialis, to determine the possible use of culture medium supernatants as a source of inhibitors of the bothrops lanceolatus venom hemorrhagic activity. the cellular culture was carried out from isolated hepatocytes by the double perfusion technique, and digestion of the liver with collagenase and culturing the hepatocytes in a liquid media under continuous agitation at 37 degrees c in 5% co2. the hem ... | 2001 | 11405280 |
| watery and dark axons in wallerian degeneration of the opossum's optic nerve: different patterns of cytoskeletal breakdown? | in this paper we report a qualitative morphological analysis of wallerian degeneration in a marsupial. right optic nerves of opossums didelphis marsupialis were crushed with a fine forceps and after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 168 hours the animals were anaesthetized and perfused with fixative. the optic nerves were immersed in fixative and processed for routine transmission electron microscopy. among the early alterations typical of axonal degeneration, we observed nerve fibers with focal degeneration o ... | 2001 | 11404785 |
| the laminar structure of the common opossum masseter (didelphis marsupialis). | using three heads of the common opossum (didelphis marsupialis), which may be considered to have a primitive mammalian form and therefore be appropriate for this study, the laminar structure of the masseter was investigated. we also attempted a comparative anatomical study of the relationships of food habits to the laminar structures of the masseter, zygomatic arch and mandibular ramus. in the common opossum masseter, a total of six layers, the primary and secondary sublayers of the superficial ... | 2001 | 11392012 |
| morphologic aspects of tetratrichomonas didelphidis isolated from opossums didelphis marsupialis and lutreolina crassicaudata. | tetratrichomonas didelphidis (hegner & ratcliffe, 1927) andersen & reilly, 1965 is a flagellate protozoan found in the intestine, cecum, and colon of didelphis marsupialis. the parasitic protozoa used in this study was found and isolated in the intestine of opossums in pavlova starch-containing medium in florianópolis, state of santa catarina, brazil, from d. marsupialis and lutreolina crassicaudata. the strains were cultivated in diamond medium without maltose and with starch solution, ph 7.5 a ... | 2001 | 11285508 |
| functional-adaptive anatomy of the forelimb in the didelphidae, and the paleobiology of the paleocene marsupials mayulestes ferox and pucadelphys andinus. | an attempt to determine the locomotor activities of mayulestes ferox (borhyaenoidea) and pucadelphys andinus (didelphoidea) from the early paleocene site of tiupampa (bolivia) is presented. the functional anatomy of the forelimbs of these south american marsupials is compared to that of some living didelphids: caluromys philander, micoureus demerarae, marmosa murina, didelphis marsupialis, monodelphis brevicaudata and metachirus nudicaudatus. deductions from bone morphology to myology and locomo ... | 2001 | 11124686 |
| synaptogenesis in retino-receptive layers of the superior colliculus of the opossum didelphis marsupialis. | the maturation of the neuropil and synapse formation were examined in the retino-receptive layers of the superior colliculus (scr-r) in the opossum from a period prior to the onset of arborization of retinocollicular fibers (postnatal day 22 - p22), at 44% of the coecal period (cp), to the end of the fast phase of optic fiber myelination and weaning time (p81 - 118% cp). development of the scr-r neuropil follows a protracted time course and can be divided into three broad stages, which are chara ... | 1999 | 10529520 |
| isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in didelphis marsupialis (marsupialia: didelphidae) | | 1999 | 10199014 |
| basic surface properties of mononuclear cells from didelphis marsupialis. | the electrostatic surface charge and surface tension of mononuclear cells/monocytes obtained from young and adult marsupials (didelphis marsupialis) were investigated by using cationized ferritin and colloidal iron hydroxyde, whole cell electrophoresis, and measurements of contact angles. anionic sites were found distributed throughout the entire investigated cell surfaces. the results revealed that the anionic character of the cells is given by electrostatic charges corresponding to -18.8 mv (c ... | 2006 | 9921307 |
| proliferation of differentiated glial cells in the brain stem. | classical studies of macroglial proliferation in muride rodents have provided conflicting evidence concerning the proliferating capabilities of oligodendrocytes and microglia. furthermore, little information has been obtained in other mammalian orders and very little is known about glial cell proliferation and differentiation in the subclass metatheria although valuable knowledge may be obtained from the protracted period of central nervous system maturation in these forms. thus, we have studied ... | 1998 | 9686148 |
| heterogeneous patterns of oligodendroglial differentiation in the forebrain of the opossum didelphis marsupialis. | the differentiation of oligodendrocytes in the forebrain of the opossum (didelphis marsupialis) has been studied by the immunohistochemical identification of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (cnpase) and by the autoradiographic detection of the uptake of 3h-thymidine. cnpase is expressed early in oligodendroglia somata and fibre sheaths (myelin) in the forebrain and its persistence in the cell bodies is regionally heterogeneous, being ephemeral in cells within the optic pathway, supr ... | 1998 | 9530996 |
| the horizontal optokinetic reflex of the opossum (didelphis marsupialis aurita): physiological and anatomical studies in normal and early monoenucleated specimens. | in the opossum the symmetrical binocular horizontal optokinetic nystagmus gives way to an asymmetrical monocular reflex: the nasotemporal (nt) stimulation yielding lower gain than the temporonasal (tn). in adults, monocularly enucleated at postnatal days 21-25 (pnd21-25), the gain of nt responses is markedly increased, approaching that of tn. severe cell loss was detected in the nucleus of the optic tract (not) on the deafferented side in early monoenucleated specimens. in normal animals retinal ... | 1997 | 9196738 |
| on the functional anatomy of the nucleus of the optic tract-dorsal terminal nucleus commissural connection in the opossum (didelphis marsupialis aurita). | immunocytochemical methods revealed the presence of gaba in cell bodies and terminals in the nucleus of the optic tract-dorsal terminal nucleus, the medial terminal nucleus, the lateral terminal nucleus and the interstitial nucleus of the superior fasciculus of the opossum (didelphis marsupialis aurita). moreover, after unilateral injections of rhodamine beads in the nucleus of the optic tract-dorsal terminal nucleus complex and processing for gaba, double-labelled cells were detected in the ips ... | 1997 | 8971781 |
| bronchial circulation in the marsupial opossum, didelphis marsupialis. | this study characterizes the existence of a bronchial circulation in a marsupial, an animal which does not undergo placental development and does not have a ductus arteriosus. direct perfusion of the lung by the pulmonary vasculature during the fetal development of opossums may occur, potentially eliminating the need for a bronchial circulation. we used radio- and fluorescent-labeled microspheres in conjunction with postmortem intravascular casting to determine if opossums have a systemic (bronc ... | 1996 | 8897653 |
| topography, architecture, and connections of somatosensory cortex in opossums: evidence for five somatosensory areas. | microelectrode maps of somatosensory inputs were related to cortical architecture and patterns of cortical connections to provide evidence for five subdivisions of the somatosensory or sensorimotor cortex in north american opossums (didelphis marsupialis). microelectrode recordings revealed three systematic representations of the body surface. a large mediolaterally oriented representation was identified as the primary somatosensory area (s1) by its relative position, somatotopy, architecture, a ... | 1996 | 8866849 |
| photoreceptors in a primitive mammal, the south american opossum, didelphis marsupialis aurita: characterization with anti-opsin immunolabeling. | the retinas of placental mammals appear to lack the large number and morphological diversity of cone subtypes found in diurnal reptiles. we have now studied the photoreceptor layer of a south american marsupial (didelphis marsupialis aurita) by peanut agglutinin labeling of the cone sheath and by labeling of cone outer segments with monoclonal anti-visual pigment antibodies that have been proven to consistently label middle-to-long wavelength (cos-1) and short-wavelength (os-2) cone subpopulatio ... | 2008 | 8924404 |
| a note on the relative rates of degeneration in the crossed and the uncrossed retinofugal fibres in the opossum didelphis marsupialis. | the rates at which the crossed and the uncrossed components of the retinofugal pathway degenerate in didelphis has been studied by light and electron microscopical methods. we have found that in didelphis, as in monodelphis the two components can be clearly distinguished at the level of the chiasm. however, in contrast to the situation previously described for monodelphis, where the uncrossed component degenerates more rapidly than the crossed, both components degenerate at the same rate. | 1995 | 7798111 |
| antivenom activity of opossum (didelphis marsupialis) serum fraction. | we have found an opossum serum fraction of approximately 97,000 mol. wt to be highly proficient in inactivating the haemorrhagic and proteolytic fractions of bothrops lanceolatus venom. this antivenom substance, isolated from opossum serum or a synthetic peptide based on the aforementioned protein, would probably be useful in the medical management of bothrops accidents. | 1995 | 7778133 |
| distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) binding sites in the opossum cerebellum. | corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) has been demonstrated in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and studied in extrahypothalamic sites throughout the brain. localization of crf immunoreactivity, crf mrna, and crf receptors within specific brain areas supports an extrahypothalamic function for crf. previous reports have revealed the localization of several peptides, including crf, in the cerebellar cortex and nuclei of the north american opossum (didelphis marsupialis virginiana); climbing ... | 1995 | 7746352 |
| early development of cerebellar afferent systems that contain corticotropin-releasing factor. | corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) and crf binding sites have been described in the cerebellum of several species, including the north american opossum (didelphis marsupialis virginiana), the species used in the present study. inotophoretic application of this peptide in the adult cerebellum enhances the spontaneous and amino acid-induced firing rate of purkinje cells and overcomes the gaba-induced suppression of purkinje cell activity. the present account provides immunohistochemical evidence ... | 1994 | 7890829 |
| distribution of cholecystokinin binding sites in the north american opossum cerebellum. | previous studies in our laboratory have reported on the differential distribution of several neuropeptides, including the octapeptide cholecystokinin (cck8), in the cerebellar cortex and nuclei of the north american opossum (didelphis marsupialis virginiana). the present account reports on the distribution of cck8 binding sites as determined from serial autoradiographic images of the cerebellum which were labelled by using [125i]bolton hunter sulfated cck8. evidence for the limited presence of c ... | 1994 | 7802965 |
| fiber order in the opossum's optic tract. | the distribution of axons by size in the optic tract of the south american opossum, didelphis marsupialis was studied. thin and semi-thin sections were examined, and measurements of axonal diameter were made on electron micrographs taken from various locations across the optic tract of normal opossums. in order to determine the contributions of the different axon diameter classes to the crossed and uncrossed retinofugal pathways, measurements were also made from the tracts of opossums in which o ... | 1992 | 1292375 |
| the retinal distribution of ganglion cells with crossed and uncrossed projections and the visual field representation in the opossum. | the retinal distribution of ganglion cells with crossed and uncrossed projections in the south american opossum, didelphis marsupialis, was revealed by delivering hrp to one optic tract or to retinal targets of one hemisphere. the cells with uncrossed projections are restricted to the temporal retina, comprising 1/3 of the total retinal area, with a sharp transition at the naso-temporal boundary. besides being distributed over the nasal 2/3 of the retina, cells with crossed projections are inter ... | 1992 | 1295381 |
| genesis of neurons of the retinal ganglion cell layer in the opossum. | in this study, we have examined the genesis of neurons of the retinal ganglion cell layer of the opossum didelphis marsupialis by [3h]-thymidine autoradiography. our results suggest that most neurons surviving to adulthood are generated in postnatal life from day 1 to day 23. cells are generated according to a coarse gradient from the retinal geometric center to the periphery. regional analysis of soma size distributions in different cohorts suggest that this gradient is actually formed by two p ... | 1992 | 1567023 |
| patterns of myelination in the opossum superior colliculus with additional reference to the optic tract. | patterns of myelination have been studied in the optic tract and the superior colliculus (sc), with special reference to the optic layer, in the opossum didelphis marsupialis. myelination in the optic tract starts far in precedence of eye opening and follows a rostrocaudal gradient. myelination in the sc presents the following features: it proceeds according to a general inside-out pattern and follows both rostro-caudal and latero-medial gradients in the optic layer, and it accelerates in the sc ... | 1991 | 2042752 |
| physiological interactions between enkephalin and excitatory amino acids in the cerebellar cortex of the opossum didelphis marsupialis virginiana. | the opiate peptide enkephalin has been immunohistochemically localized within specific populations of climbing fibers and mossy fibers in the opossum's cerebellum. the intention of the present study was to determine the physiological effects of this peptide on purkinje cell activity as well as to examine interactions between this peptide and the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate. iontophoretic application of enkephalin onto purkinje cells in the posterior lobe vermis and adjacent he ... | 1991 | 1682851 |
| developmental stages of trypanosoma (megatrypanum) freitasi rego, magalhães & siqueira, 1957 in the opossum didelphis marsupialis (marsupialia, didelphidae). | trypanosoma (megatrypanum) freitasi, a parasite of marsupials of the genus didelphis, has been found to undergo in the lumen of the scent (anal) glands of its vertebrate host, a cycle such as usually occurs in the intestinal tract of the insect vectors of trypanosomatids and similar to what has been reported for trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi. the invertebrate host of trypanosoma freitasi is still unknown. developmental stages of the trypanosome in its mammalian host, especially the dividing ... | 2006 | 2304031 |
| observations on the arrangement of axons according to diameter in the optic tract of the opossum didelphis marsupialis. | the spectra of fiber sizes at different depths of the optic tract of the opossum didelphis marsupialis were examined by electron microscopy in order to test for correlations between the eventual location of axons and relevant developmental events. frequency histograms showed 1) a predominant representation of medium-sized axons and the virtual exclusion of coarse fibers from the deepest portion of that pathway, and 2) a progressive increase in the proportion of thin axons from deep to superficia ... | 1990 | 2101072 |
| patterns of cytochrome oxidase activity in the visual cortex of a south american opossum (didelphis marsupialis aurita). | the normal pattern of cytochrome oxidase (co) activity in the posterior cortical areas of the south american opossum (didelphis marsupialis aurita) was assessed both in horizontal sections of flattened cortices and in transversal cortical sections. the tangential distribution of co activity was uniformly high in the striate cortex. in the peristriate region alternating bands of dense and weak staining occupied all the cortical layers with the exception of layer i. this observation suggests the e ... | 1990 | 1966241 |
| horizontal optokinetic reflex in the opossum didelphis marsupialis aurita. | electro-oculographic recordings were performed in 10 opossums. the optokinetic reflex was elicited by projecting a random dot stimulus on a cylindrical screen moving horizontally from left to right or right to left at various constant speeds. binocular stimulation yielded the same response as the temporal to nasal monocular condition. the nasal to temporal monocular response was always less than that to the opposite direction: 50% at 3 degrees/s and 15% at 18 degrees/s. these results are discuss ... | 1989 | 2620191 |
| catecholamines release mediators in the opossum oesophageal circular smooth muscle. | 1. effects of catecholamines applied exogenously to the circular smooth muscle layer of the body of the oesophagus of the opossum (didelphis marsupialis) were studied, simultaneously measuring changes in the membrane potential, the membrane conductance and the contractility of the muscle, using the double sucrose-gap technique. 2. superfusion of the smooth muscle with krebs solution at 27 degrees c containing dopamine (10(-6)-10(-4) m) dose-dependently caused a hyperpolarization of the smooth mu ... | 1987 | 3625558 |
| leishmania donovani in the oppossum (didelphis marsupialis). | | 1980 | 7420255 |
| detection of antibodies to trypanosoma cruzi in the south american opossum (didelphis marsupialis). | stocks of trypanosoma cruzi belonging to two different zymodemes, one usually associated with silvatic reservoir hosts and the other not normally found in wild reservoir hosts, were used as sources of diagnostic antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of antibodies to t. cruzi in didelphis marsupialis. both antigen preparations reacted with antibodies in sera from animals found to be infected by conventional parasitological techniques and also in sera from a proportion o ... | 1982 | 6805104 |
| [dynamics of trypanosoma cruzi in populations of a primary reservoir, didelphis marsupialis, in the highlands of venezuela]. | | 1982 | 6216903 |
| [trypanosoma rangeli tejera, 1920. viii. response to reinfections in 2 mammals]. | under experimental conditions, the course of the infection and the response to the reinfection by trypanosoma rangeli in mice and didelphis marsupialis, are studied. during the initial infection the mice show a relatively low parasitaemia and a short patent period. a scanty parasitaemia level of four days length, was observed following the first reinfection, being the mice resistant to new reinfections by t. rangeli. in opossums a lower parasitaemia and a longer patent period than that detected ... | 1985 | 3836326 |
| isolation of leishmania species from wild mammals in french guiana. | between 1981 and 1987, 486 wild mammals collected from 13 sites in french guiana were examined for leishmania. eleven of 31 two-toed sloths, choloepus didactylus, were infected, 4 of the isolates being identified as l. braziliensis guyanensis. this species was also found in 2 didelphis marsupialis and 2 proechimys sp. l. mexicana amazonensis was isolated from 3 proechimys sp., 2 of which were p. cuvieri. the role of these mammals in the life cycles of the 2 anthropotropic species of leishmania e ... | 1989 | 2617621 |
| characterization and classification of leishmanial parasites from humans, wild mammals, and sand flies in the amazon region of brazil. | ninety-four leishmanial isolates from the brazilian amazon region (amapá, amazonas, pará, and rondônia) were identified and classified using specific monoclonal antibodies and an indirect radioimmunoassay (serodeme analysis); eighty-two were also characterized by enzyme electrophoresis (zymodeme analysis), the results of which were subjected to a numerical phenetic analysis. six isolates from humans (3), didelphis marsupialis (1), lutzomyia olmeca nociva (1), and lu, reducta (1) showed reactivit ... | 1991 | 1858968 |
| natural anti-snake venom proteins. | the resistance of several animals to snake venom has been reviewed. some general concepts are introduced to allow the comparative evaluation of the resistance of different animals studied by different investigators. the purification and properties of several factors isolated from the serum of different animals by some researchers are described: trimeresurus flavoviridis (omori-satoh et al., 1972); vipera palaestinae (ovadia et al., 1975, 1977); sigmodon hispidus (pichyangkul and perez, 1981); di ... | 1991 | 1801313 |
| detection of antibodies against sarcocystis neurona , neospora spp., and toxoplasma gondii in horses from costa rica. | abstract serum samples from 315 horses from costa rica, central america, were examined for the presence of antibodies against sarcocystis neurona , neospora spp., and toxoplasma gondii by using the surface antigen (sag) snsag2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the nhsag1 elisa, and the modified agglutination test, respectively. anti- s. neurona antibodies were found in 42.2% of the horses by using the snsag2 elisa. anti- neospora spp. antibodies were found in only 3.5% of the horses by ... | 2011 | 21506839 |
| isolation and characterization of a new serine protease with thrombin-like activity (tlbm) from the venom of the snake bothrops marajoensis. | the thrombin-like serine protease tlbm from bothrops marajoensis was isolated in one chromatographic step in reverse phase hplc. its molecular mass was 33239.95 da, as based on the determined primary structure and confirmed experimentally by maldi-tof mass spectrometry (33332.5 da) and it contains 12 half-cysteine residues. this tlbm exhibited high specificity for barhona, michaelis-menten behavior with k(m) 2.3x10(-1)m and the v(max) 0.52x10(-1) nmoles rho-na/lt/min for this substrate. tlbm als ... | 2010 | 19931298 |
| further description of cruzia tentaculata (rudolphi, 1819) travassos, 1917 (nematoda: cruzidae) by light and scanning electron microscopy. | species of cruzia are parasites of the large intestine of marsupials, reptiles, amphibians, and mammalians. cruzia tentaculata specimens were collected from the large intestine of didelphis marsupialis (mammalia: didelphidae) from colombia (new geographical record) and from brazil and analyzed by light and scanning electron microscopy. the morphology of males and females by light microscopy corroborated most of the previous description and the ultrastructure by scanning electron microscopy evide ... | 2009 | 19130086 |
| carriage of leptospira interrogans among domestic rats from an urban setting highly endemic for leptospirosis in brazil. | a survey was conducted to identify reservoirs for urban leptospirosis in the city of salvador, brazil. sampling protocols were performed in the vicinity of households of severe leptospirosis cases identified during active hospital-based surveillance. among a total of 142 captured rattus norvegicus (norwegian brown rat), 80.3% had a positive culture isolate from urine or kidney specimens and 68.1% had a positive serum sample by microscopic agglutination test (mat) titre of > or = 1:100. monoclona ... | 2008 | 18721789 |
| in vivo studies of 5-arylethenylbenzofuroxans in acute murine models of chagas' disease. | 5-arylethenylbenzofuroxan derivatives with high in vitro anti-trypanosoma cruzi activity were studied in vivo using acute murine models of chagas' disease. the selected compounds, as pure isomeric forms, 1, 2, 3 and 4, or as equimolecular mixture of geometric isomers, 1:2, 3:4, 5:6 were studied against different t. cruzi strains. consequently, tulahuen 2 strain, colombiana strain (resistant to nifurtimox and benznidazole), and two different wild strains, one isolated from the wild reservoir dide ... | 2008 | 18255195 |