| environmental factors influencing adult sex ratio in trinidadian guppies. | sex ratios can influence mating behaviour, population dynamics and evolutionary trajectories; yet the causes of natural sex ratio variation are often uncertain. although secondary (birth) sex ratios in guppies (poecilia reticulata) are typically 1:1, we recorded female-biased tertiary (adult) sex ratios in about half of our 48 samples and male-biased sex ratios in none of them. this pattern implies that some populations experience male-biased mortality, perhaps owing to variation in predation or ... | 2009 | 19132402 |
| exocrine pancreatic neoplasms induced by methylazoxymethanol acetate in the guppy poecilia reticulata. | exocrine pancreatic neoplasms developed in the guppy poecilia reticulata following a single brief exposure to methylazoxymethanol acetate [(mam-ac) cas: 592-62-1]. fish 6-10 days old were exposed to concentrations of mam-ac up to 100 mg/liter for 2 hours. exposed specimens were transferred to carcinogen-free water and sampled periodically for tumor development. pancreatic neoplasms occurred in approximately 9% of histologically examined individuals exposed to 10 mg mam-ac/liter or less. neoplast ... | 2012 | 3470547 |
| joint toxicity of mixtures of groups of organic aquatic pollutants to the guppy (poecilia reticulata). | in this study acute lethal concentrations (lc50) to the guppy (poecilia reticulata) were determined for mixtures of 4 groups of aquatic pollutants. the groups were composed of 11 nonreactive, nonionized organic chemicals, 11 chloroanilines, 11 chlorophenols, and 9 reactive organic halides. earlier studies indicated that the joint toxicity within each of these groups was concentration additive, probably because of a similar mode of action. the joint toxicity of combinations of one representative ... | 2014 | 4006831 |
| the effects of gokshura, tribulus terrestris on sex reversal of guppy, poecilia reticulata. | this study examined the effects of tribulus terrestris (tt) on sex reversal in guppy, poecilia reticulata. the objective of this study was to introduce a new environmentally friendly method for masculinization in p. reticulata. since male guppy has higher commercial value than female. tt is a natural, non-toxic herb which helps enhance testosterone levels in human and animals. it was prepared in a laboratory in france. different concentration (0.0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 g l(-1)) of tt was investiga ... | 2007 | 19069853 |
| approaches to modeling toxic responses of aquatic organisms to aromatic hydrocarbons. | acute toxic effects on salmo gairdneri, poecilia reticulata, daphnia magna, and the growth inhibition of selenastrum capricornutum were measured for eight aromatic hydrocarbons. toxicity measurements were carried out following the oecd standard guidelines modified as appropriate in order to prevent hydrocarbon loss by volatilization; the concentrations of the substrates in the test solutions were periodically measured by hplc. the toxic responses were analyzed in terms of the n-octanol/water par ... | 2011 | 3234290 |
| [hypophysectomy and spermatogenesis in poecilia reticulata (cyprinodontidae fish)]. | | 2016 | 4977302 |
| the effects of different predator species on antipredator behavior in the trinidadian guppy, poecilia reticulata. | different types of predators often elicit different antipredator responses in a common type of prey. alternatively, some prey species may adopt a general response, which provides limited protection from many different types of predator. the trinidadian guppy, poecilia reticulata, is faced with a wide range of different predators throughout its range and is known to display varying levels of antipredator behavior depending on the predator assemblage. pike cichlids, crenicichla frenata, are regard ... | 2006 | 16896976 |
| the impact of parasites on the life history evolution of guppies (poecilia reticulata): the effects of host size on parasite virulence. | there is large spatial and temporal variation in the gyrodactylus parasite fauna across natural guppy (poecilia reticulata) populations in trinidad. the life history evolution of these fish could be affected differently in the various habitats depending on the local parasite selection pressure. here, we experimentally infected three guppy populations with three gyrodactylid strains in the laboratory and monitored the infection by recording the number of parasites and host mortality in a full fac ... | 2007 | 17561023 |
| biosynthesis, mosquitocidal and antibacterial properties of toddalia asiatica-synthesized silver nanoparticles: do they impact predation of guppy poecilia reticulata against the filariasis mosquito culex quinquefasciatus? | mosquito-borne diseases represent a deadly threat for millions of people worldwide. furthermore, pathogens and parasites polluting water also constitute a severe plague for populations of developing countries. in this study, silver nanoparticles (agn) were biosynthesized a cheap aqueous extract of t. asiatica leaves as reducing and stabilizing agent. the formation of nanoparticle was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance band illustrated in uv-vis spectrophotometer. agn were characterized by ft ... | 2015 | 26122577 |
| multiple paternity and kin recognition mechanisms in a guppy population. | help directed toward kin (nepotism) is an important example of social behaviour. such helping behaviour requires a mechanism to distinguish kin from nonkin. the prevailing kin recognition hypothesis is that when familiarity is a reliable cue of relatedness, other mechanisms of recognition will not evolve. however, when familiarity is an unreliable cue of relatedness, kin recognition by phenotype matching is instead predicted to evolve. here we use genetic markers to show that guppies (poecilia r ... | 2007 | 17850555 |
| relationship between algal-foraging ability and expression of sexually selected traits in male guppies. | in the guppy poecilia reticulata, males exhibit orange spots on their body and tail, and the orange spot patterns are often criteria for female mate choice. the orange spot coloration of males is determined by the intake of algae, a natural source of carotenoids. therefore, males exhibiting conspicuous orange coloration are considered to possess high algal-foraging ability. in the present study, we examined the influence of algal-foraging ability, measured by algal-searching ability and algal-fo ... | 2007 | 17867858 |
| gyro-scope: an individual-based computer model to forecast gyrodactylid infections on fish hosts. | individual-based computer models (ibm) feature prominently in current theoretical ecology but have only been applied in a small number of parasitological studies. here we designed an ibm to simulate the infection dynamics of gyrodactylid parasites and immune defence of naïve hosts (i.e. fish previously not exposed to these parasites). we compared the results of the model with empirical data from guppies (poecilia reticulata) infected with gyrodactylus parasites. the laboratory experiments on gup ... | 2008 | 18022176 |
| Effects of Bayluscide on Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos, the first intermediate host of the human liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, in laboratory and field trials. | The molluscicidal effects of Bayluscide (niclosamide) were investigated on Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos, the first intermediate host of human liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini. Lethal concentrations of 50% (LC(50)) and 95% (LC(95)) against young and adult males were 0.38 and 0.80, 0.42 and 0.86ppm, respectively. The LC(50) and LC(95) against young and adult females were 0.42 and 0.86, 0.46 and 0.97ppm, respectively. No significant differences in mortality rate between sexes or snail size (p ... | 2012 | 21864711 |
| resource competition induces heterogeneity and can increase cohort survivorship: selection-event duration matters. | determining when resource competition increases survivorship can reveal processes underlying population dynamics and reinforce the importance of heterogeneity among individuals in conservation. we ran an experiment mimicking the effects of competition in a growing season on survivorship during a selection event (e.g., overwinter starvation, drought). using a model fish species (poecilia reticulata), we studied how food availability and competition affect mass in a treatment stage, and subsequent ... | 2013 | 23912261 |
| propagation of the marine dinoflagellate amyloodinium ocellatum under germ-free conditions. | germ-free infections of amyloodinium ocellatum were produced on both living fish and in organ cultures. exposing gnotobiotic guppies (poecilia reticulata) to 125 dinospores in multiwell tissue culture plates produced nonlethal infections that could be serially propagated. exposure to 250 or more parasites killed the fish during the first infection cycle, but if the dead fish were incubated in a cell culture medium/seawater mixture, the parasites could survive and reproduce for up to 2 wk in thes ... | 2013 | 3656012 |
| distribution of guppies poecilia reticulata (peters, 1860) and phalloceros caudimaculatus (hensel, 1868) along a polluted stretch of the paraíba do sul river, brazil. | cyprinodontiformes fishes (guppies) are widely distributed in neotropical regions and use deteriorated microhabitats in rivers where few species can occur. this study was carried out in a stretch of the paraíba do sul river in bracketing a large urban-industrial complex. the aim was to assess eventual effects that the industrial complex could have on distribution of two closely related fish species of guppies, phalloceros caudimaculatus and poecilia reticulata. the area was divided into three zo ... | 2009 | 19347144 |
| experimental infections with the tropical monogenean, gyrodactylus bullatarudis: potential invader or experimental fluke? | introduced exotic species have the potential to spread their associated parasites to native species which can be catastrophic if these hosts are immunologically naïve to the novel parasite. the guppy (poecilia reticulata) has been disseminated worldwide outside of its native habitat and therefore could be an important source of infection to native fish species. its parasite fauna is dominated by the ectoparasitic monogeneans, gyrodactylus turnbulli and gyrodactylus bullatarudis. the current stud ... | 2009 | 19394437 |
| selection at the mhc class iib locus across guppy (poecilia reticulata) populations. | the highly diverse genes of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) are important in the adaptive immune system and are expected to be under selection from pathogens. thus, the mhc genes provide an exceptional opportunity to investigate patterns of selection within and across populations. in this study, we analyzed genetic variation at the mhc class iib gene and six microsatellite loci across 10 populations of guppies (poecilia reticulata) in the northern range of trinidad. we found a high le ... | 2010 | 19639010 |
| parasite mediated homogenizing selection at the mhc in guppies. | understanding the selective forces influencing genetic diversity is a fundamental goal of evolutionary ecology. the genes of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) play a key role in the adaptive immune response of vertebrates and thus provide an excellent opportunity to examine the agents of selection on a functionally important gene. here we examine the genetic architecture of the mhc class iib genes in 10 wild populations of guppies (poecilia reticulata) in northern trinidad. we have prev ... | 2010 | 19728113 |
| predicting the direction of ornament evolution in trinidadian guppies (poecilia reticulata). | sexual selection is thought to be opposed by natural selection such that ornamental traits express a balance between these two antagonistic influences. phenotypic variation among populations may indicate local shifts in this balance, or that different stable 'solutions' are possible, but testing these alternatives presents a major challenge. in the guppy (poecilia reticulata), a small freshwater fish with male-limited ornamental coloration, these issues can be addressed by transplanting fish amo ... | 2009 | 19776075 |
| experimental studies on the development of contracaecum rudolphii (nematoda: anisakidae) in copepod and fish paratenic hosts. | the larval development of the nematode contracaecum rudolphii (rudolphi, 1819), a common parasite of the proventriculus of cormorants, was experimentally studied. within the eggs cultivated in freshwater under laboratory temperatures of 20-22 degrees c, the developing larva undergoes two moults on days 4-5, attaining the third larval stage. most of the ensheathed third-stage larvae, 291-457 microm long, hatch spontaneously from egg shells on days 5-6. experiments have indicated that hatched ensh ... | 2009 | 19827362 |
| genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms reveal population history and adaptive divergence in wild guppies. | adaptation of guppies (poecilia reticulata) to contrasting upland and lowland habitats has been extensively studied with respect to behaviour, morphology and life history traits. yet population history has not been studied at the whole-genome level. although single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) are the most abundant form of variation in many genomes and consequently very informative for a genome-wide picture of standing natural variation in populations, genome-wide snp data are rarely availabl ... | 2010 | 20149094 |
| spatiotemporal variation in linear natural selection on body color in wild guppies (poecilia reticulata). | we conducted 10 mark-recapture experiments in natural populations of trinidadian guppies to test hypotheses concerning the role of viability selection in geographic patterns of male color variation. previous work has reported that male guppies are more colorful in low-predation sites than in high-predation sites. this pattern of phenotypic variation has been theorized to reflect differences in the balance between natural (viability) selection that disfavors bright male color (owing to predation) ... | 2010 | 20067520 |
| mhc class iib additive and non-additive effects on fitness measures in the guppy poecilia reticulata. | the genetic architecture of fitness at the class iib gene of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) in the guppy poecilia reticulata was analysed. diversity at the mhc is thought to be maintained by some form of balancing selection; heterozygote advantage, frequency-dependent selection or spatially and temporally fluctuating selection. here these hypotheses are evaluated by using an algorithm that partitions the effect of specific mhc allele and genotypes on fitness measures. the effect of m ... | 2009 | 20738688 |
| sex-specific differences in shoaling affect parasite transmission in guppies. | individuals have to trade-off the costs and benefits of group membership during shoaling behaviour. shoaling can increase the risk of parasite transmission, but this cost has rarely been quantified experimentally. guppies (poecilia reticulata) are a model system for behavioural studies, and they are commonly infected by gyrodactylid parasites, notorious fish pathogens that are directly transmitted between guppy hosts. | 2010 | 20949014 |
| copulation type affects parturition in the guppy. | in some animals, females are often compelled to mate with less desirable males due to the males' alternative mating tactics. male guppies, poecilia reticulata, exhibit courtship displays and cooperatively copulate with females. however, they also exhibit sneaking behaviors and coercively copulate with females. to examine the consequences of these two mating patterns, we investigated the influence of copulation type, i.e., cooperative or coercive, on parturition and brood size of females. a singl ... | 2011 | 21303201 |
| anxiogenic behaviour induced by 17α-ethynylestradiol in male guppies (poecilia reticulata). | behaviour studies are used in toxicology research as they are excellent tools to measure physiological end-points caused by exogenous chemicals. in mammals both reproductive and non-reproductive behaviours have been used for a long period of time, whereas in teleost fishes non-reproductive behaviours have received little attention compared to reproductive behaviours. recent advances in measuring stress related behaviours in zebrafish have provided additional tools to understand behaviour toxicol ... | 2011 | 21537944 |
| spatial discounting of food and social rewards in guppies (poecilia reticulata). | in temporal discounting, animals trade off the time to obtain a reward against the quality of a reward, choosing between a smaller reward available sooner versus a larger reward available later. similar discounting can apply over space, when animals choose between smaller and closer versus larger and more distant rewards. most studies of temporal and spatial discounting in non-human animals use food as the reward, and it is not established whether animals trade off other preferred stimuli in sim ... | 2011 | 21738517 |
| small and large number discrimination in guppies. | non-verbal numerical behavior in human infants, human adults, and non-human primates appears to be rooted in two distinct mechanisms: a precise system for tracking and comparing small numbers of items simultaneously (up to 3 or 4 items) and an approximate system for estimating numerical magnitude of a group of objects. the most striking evidence that these two mechanisms are distinct comes from the apparent inability of young human infants and non-human primates to compare quantites across the s ... | 2011 | 21909934 |
| parasite transmission in social interacting hosts: monogenean epidemics in guppies. | infection incidence increases with the average number of contacts between susceptible and infected individuals. contact rates are normally assumed to increase linearly with host density. however, social species seek out each other at low density and saturate their contact rates at high densities. although predicting epidemic behaviour requires knowing how contact rates scale with host density, few empirical studies have investigated the effect of host density. also, most theory assumes each host ... | 2011 | 21897838 |
| the life cycle of stephanoprora aylacostoma n.sp. (digenea: echinostomatidae), parasite of the threatened snail aylacostoma chloroticum (prosobranchia, thiaridae), in argentina. | a new species, stephanoprora aylacostoma is described and its life cycle was resolved experimentally. the prosobranch snail aylacostoma chloroticum hylton scott, collected in the yacyretá dam, province of misiones, argentina, was found naturally infected with large-tailed cercariae possessing a prepharyngeal body and corpuscles in the excretory system but lacking collar spines. metacercariae, which encysted on the gills of experimentally infected fishes cnesterodon decemmaculatus (jenyns) and po ... | 2008 | 18074153 |
| host heterogeneity affects both parasite transmission to and fitness on subsequent hosts. | infectious disease dynamics depend on the speed, number and fitness of parasites transmitting from infected hosts ('donors') to parasite-naive 'recipients'. donor heterogeneity likely affects these three parameters, and may arise from variation between donors in traits including: (i) infection load, (ii) resistance, (iii) stage of infection, and (iv) previous experience of transmission. we used the trinidadian guppy, poecilia reticulata, and a directly transmitted monogenean ectoparasite, gyroda ... | 2017 | 28289260 |
| the effects of inbreeding on disease susceptibility: gyrodactylus turnbulli infection of guppies, poecilia reticulata. | inbreeding can threaten population persistence by reducing disease resistance through the accelerated loss of gene diversity (i.e. heterozygosity). such inbreeding depression can affect many different fitness-related traits, including survival, reproductive success, and parasite susceptibility. empirically quantifying the effects of inbreeding on parasite resistance is therefore important for ex-situ conservation of vertebrates. the present study evaluates the disease susceptibility of individua ... | 2016 | 27130704 |
| towards green oviposition deterrents? effectiveness of syzygium lanceolatum (myrtaceae) essential oil against six mosquito vectors and impact on four aquatic biological control agents. | essential oils (eos) from plants may be alternative sources of molecules toxic against mosquito vectors of public health relevance. most of researches in this field focused on eos as larvicides or ovicides, while limited efforts focused on the exploitation of eos as oviposition deterrents. in the present study, the larvicidal and oviposition deterrent activity of syzygium lanceolatum leaf eo was evaluated against six mosquito species, anopheles stephensi, an. subpictus, aedes aegypti, ae. albopi ... | 2016 | 27921244 |
| toxicity of ar-curcumene and epi-β-bisabolol from hedychium larsenii (zingiberaceae) essential oil on malaria, chikungunya and st. louis encephalitis mosquito vectors. | mosquitoes act as vectors of key pathogens and parasites. plant essential oils have been recognized as important sources of biopesticides, which do not induce resistance and have limited toxic effects on human health and non-target organisms. in this research, we evaluated the larvicidal and oviposition deterrence activity of hedychium larsenii essential oil (eo) and its major compounds ar-curcumene and epi-β-bisabolol. both molecules showed high toxicity against early third instars of anopheles ... | 2017 | 27918946 |
| imprinting can cause a maladaptive preference for infectious conspecifics. | recognizing and associating with specific individuals, such as conspecifics or kin, brings many benefits. one mechanism underlying such recognition is imprinting: the long-term memory of cues encountered during development. typically, juveniles imprint on cues of nearby individuals and may later associate with phenotypes matching their 'recognition template'. however, phenotype matching could lead to maladaptive social decisions if, for instance, individuals imprint on the cues of conspecifics i ... | 2016 | 27072405 |
| intraspecific variation in aerobic and anaerobic locomotion: gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) and trinidadian guppy (poecilia reticulata) do not exhibit a trade-off between maximum sustained swimming speed and minimum cost of transport. | intraspecific variation and trade-off in aerobic and anaerobic traits remain poorly understood in aquatic locomotion. using gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) and trinidadian guppy (poecilia reticulata), both axial swimmers, this study tested four hypotheses: (1) gait transition from steady to unsteady (i.e., burst-assisted) swimming is associated with anaerobic metabolism evidenced as excess post exercise oxygen consumption (epoc); (2) variation in swimming performance (critical swimming speed; ... | 2015 | 25741285 |
| the biotransformation of three 14c-labelled phenolic compounds in twelve species of freshwater fish. | 1. the urinary and biliary excretion of 14c-labelled m-cresol, 1-naphthol and o-chlorophenol were investigated in 12 species of freshwater fish (bitterling, rhodeus sericeus amarus; bream, abramis brama; crucian carp, carassius carassius; goldfish, carassius auratus; gudgeon, gobio gobio; guppy, poecilia reticulata; minnow, phoximus phoximus; perch, perca fluviatilis; roach, rutilus rutilus; rudd, scardinius erythropthalmus; three-spined stickleback, gasterosteus aculeatus; tench, tinca tinca) w ... | 1983 | 6880238 |
| the biotransformation of [14c]phenol in some freshwater fish. | 1. the biotransformation of phenol was investigated in eight species of freshwater fish: bream (abramis brama), goldfish (carassius auratus), guppy (poecilia reticulata), minnow (phoxinus phoxinus), perch (perca fluviatilis), roach (rutilus rutilus), rudd (scardinius erythropthalmus) and tench (tinca tinca), when exposed to sublethal concentrations of phenol in the aquarium water. 2. the two conjugates, phenyl sulphate and phenyl glucuronide, were the sole detected products produced by bream, pe ... | 1981 | 7293212 |
| toxicological assessment of spinosad: implications for integrated control of aedes aegypti using larvicides and larvivorous fish. | integration of larvivorous fish and biolarvicides at low concentrations to control of mosquito larvae in field situations may result in a safer and more effective tool. however, the usefulness of integrated approach depends upon survival and ecological fitness of fish employed. thus, the aim of this study was to examine the genotoxic effects of combining different sublethal concentrations of spinosad, a naturally occurring neurotoxic insecticide, with male adult poecilid larvivorous guppy (poeci ... | 2016 | 27294296 |
| guppies as predators of common mosquito larvae in malaysia. | observation on predation activities of guppies (poecilia reticulata) on the larvae of three species of mosquito, namely aedes albopictus, aedes aegypti, and culex quinquefasciatus was carried out under laboratory conditions. male and female guppies were used as predators for predation experiments on the 4th instars of mosquito larvae. the daily feeding rates comparing male and female guppies on mosquito larvae were different; the female guppies consumed more mosquito larvae than male guppies did ... | 2014 | 24968669 |
| survival of larvivorous fish used for biological control of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) combined with different larvicides. | to evaluate combinations of larvicides and fish which are predators of larvae of aedes aegypti, namely betta splendens, trichogaster trichopterus and poecilia reticulata. | 2014 | 24890120 |
| larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using plumeria rubra plant latex against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi. | in the present study activity of silver nanoparticles (agnps) synthesized using plumeria rubra plant latex against second and fourth larval instar of aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi was determined. range of concentrations of synthesized agnps (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, 0.3125 ppm) and aqueous crude latex (1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62.50, 31.25 ppm) were tested against larvae of a. aegypti and a. stephensi. the synthesized agnps from p. rubra latex were highly toxic than crude latex extract in b ... | 2012 | 22089086 |
| bioefficacy of plumbago zeylanica (plumbaginaceae) and cestrum nocturnum (solanaceae) plant extracts against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicide) and nontarget fish poecilia reticulata. | in a search for natural products that could be used to control the vectors of tropical diseases, extracts of medicinal plants plumbago zeylanica and cestrum nocturnum have been tested for larvicidal activity against second, third, and fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti. the lc(50) values of all the extracts in different solvents of both the plants were less than 50 ppm (15.40-38.50 ppm) against all tested larval instars. plant extracts also affected the life cycle of a. aegypti by inhibition ... | 2011 | 21107859 |
| reduced oviposition of aedes aegypti gravid females in domestic containers with predatory fish. | the presence of pathogens or predators in water may alter oviposition behaviour of gravid female aedes aegypti mosquitoes. we evaluated the oviposition behaviour of a. aegypti in recipients containing larvivorous fish (betta splendens and poecilia reticulata). in four breeders, fish specimens were placed in 15 l of dechlorined water. four control breeders only contained dechlorined water. breeders with eucatex ovitraps and approximately 100 male and female mosquitoes were placed in wire netting ... | 2009 | 19754521 |
| survival of larvivorous fish used for biological control of aedes aegypti larvae in domestic containers with different chlorine concentrations. | the two fish species betta splendens (regan) and poecilia reticulata (peters) are known predators of aedes aegypti (l., 1762) larvae. both species have been used for biological control in northeastern brazil. however, the feasibility of these fish for the control of ae. aegypti larvae in domestic containers may be limited by their survival in chlorinated water, as supplied by the public water system. we exposed fish to three different concentrations of chlorine: 1, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/liter. all b. ... | 2009 | 19645286 |
| [efficacy of fish as predators of aedes aegypti larvae, under laboratory conditions]. | to evaluate the efficacy of fish as predators of the aedes aegypti larvae in laboratory conditions. | 2007 | 17589763 |
| [control of aedes aegypti larvae (l) with poecilia reticulata peter, 1895: a community experience in taguasco municipality, sancti spíritus, cuba]. | the efficacy of the control of aedes aegypti (l) with poecilia reticulata peter, 1895, was determined in containers used for domestic consumption water in taguasco municipality in the center of sancti spiritus province, cuba. before the epidemic of santiago de cuba and havana province, this municipality had not been positive to aedes aegypti (l). the increasing infections caused by the vector started to worry the population that feared an outbreak of dengue epidemic. previous to the fish growth, ... | 2013 | 23427432 |
| laboratory evaluation of methanolic extract of atlantia monophylla (family: rutaceae) against immature stages of mosquitoes and non-target organisms. | methanolic extracts of the leaves of atlantia monophylla (rutaceae) were evaluated for mosquitocidal activity against immature stages of three mosquito species, culex quinquefasciatus, anopheles stephensi, and aedes aegypti in the laboratory. larvae of cx. quinquefasciatus and pupae of an. stephensi were found more susceptible, with lc50 values of 0.14 mg/l and 0.05 mg/l, respectively. insect growth regulating activity of this extract was more pronounced against ae. aegypti, with ei50 value 0.00 ... | 2004 | 15057359 |
| laboratory evaluation of two native fishes from tropical north queensland as biological control agents of subterranean aedes aegypti. | the ability of 2 freshwater fishes, eastern rainbow fish melanotaenia splendida splendida and fly-specked hardyhead craterocephalus stercusmuscarum stercusmuscarum, native to north queensland to prey on immature aedes aegypti was evaluated under laboratory conditions. the predation efficiency of the 2 species was compared to the exotic guppy, poecilia reticulata, which is commonly used as a biological control agent of mosquito larvae. of the 3 fish species tested, m. s. splendida was shown to be ... | 2001 | 11480819 |
| bacterial pathogens isolated from guppies (poecilia reticulata) used to control aedes aegypti in trinidad. | | 2004 | 1287947 |
| opsin gene duplication and diversification in the guppy, a model for sexual selection. | identification of genes that control variation in adaptive characters is a prerequisite for understanding the processes that drive sexual and natural selection. male coloration and female colour perception play important roles in mate choice in the guppy (poecilia reticulata), a model organism for studies of natural and sexual selection. we examined a potential source for the known variation in colour perception, by analysing genomic and complementary dna sequences of genes that code for visual ... | 2006 | 17015333 |
| chronic nitrate enrichment decreases severity and induces protection against an infectious disease. | excessive fertilisation is one of the most pernicious forms of global change resulting in eutrophication. it has major implications for disease control and the conservation of biodiversity. yet, the direct link between nutrient enrichment and disease remains largely unexplored. here, we present the first experimental evidence that chronic nitrate enrichment decreases severity and induces protection against an infectious disease. specifically, this study shows that nitrate concentrations ranging ... | 2016 | 26995268 |
| getting into hot water: sick guppies frequent warmer thermal conditions. | ectotherms depend on the environmental temperature for thermoregulation and exploit thermal regimes that optimise physiological functioning. they may also frequent warmer conditions to up-regulate their immune response against parasite infection and/or impede parasite development. this adaptive response, known as 'behavioural fever', has been documented in various taxa including insects, reptiles and fish, but only in response to endoparasite infections. here, a choice chamber experiment was use ... | 2016 | 26965895 |
| toxicity of pirimiphos methyl (actellic 25ec) on anopheles gambiae s.s., culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae), and potential biocontrol agent, poecilia reticulata (pisces: poeciliidae). | the toxicity of an emulsifiable formulation of pirimiphos methyl (actellic 25ec) on anopheles gambiae s.s. giles, culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae), and predator fish poecilia reticulata peters (pisces: poeciliidae) was investigated. acute toxicity tests were carried out to determine the effect of the larvicide on mosquito larvae and fish species. to investigate the nontarget effects on p. reticulata, fish of similar size (3.5 +/- 0.2 cm) were randomly selected and exposed for 28 d ... | 2014 | 25195433 |
| studies on the impact of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (agnps) in relation to malaria and filariasis vector control against anopheles stephensi liston and culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae). | biosynthesized nanoparticles have been achieved using environmentally acceptable plant extract and eco-friendly reducing and capping agents. the present study was based on assessments of the larvicidal activities to determine the efficacies of synthesized silver nanoparticles (agnps) using aqueous leaf extract of vinca rosea (l.) (apocynaceae) against the larvae of malaria vector anopheles stephensi liston and filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae). larvae were exposed ... | 2013 | 23064800 |
| demasculinization of male guppies increases resistance to a common and harmful ectoparasite. | parasites are detrimental to host fitness and therefore should strongly select for host defence mechanisms. yet, hosts vary considerably in their observed parasite loads. one notable source of inter-individual variation in parasitism is host sex. such variation could be caused by the immunomodulatory effects of gonadal steroids. here we assess the influence of gonadal steroids on the ability of guppies (poecilia reticulata) to defend themselves against a common and deleterious parasite (gyrodact ... | 2015 | 26399637 |
| a further cost for the sicker sex? evidence for male-biased parasite-induced vulnerability to predation. | males are typically the sicker sex. data from multiple taxa indicate that they are more likely to be infected with parasites, and are less "tolerant," or less able to mitigate the fitness costs of a given infection, than females. one cost of infection for many animals is an increased probability of being captured by a predator. a clear, hitherto untested, prediction is therefore that this parasite-induced vulnerability to predation is more pronounced among males than females. we tested this pred ... | 2016 | 27066240 |
| life-cycle of bothriocephalus claviceps, a specific parasite of eels. | the life-cycle of the tapeworm bothriocephalus claviceps (goeze, 1782) (cestoda: pseudophyllidea), a specific parasite of eels (anguilla spp.), was studied under experimental conditions. it was demonstrated that the parasite completed its development within 4 months at the temperature range of 22-24 degrees c. embryonic development was finished in 2 days at this temperature, when coracidia spontaneously hatched. the rate of their development was controlled by water temperature, with delayed form ... | 1997 | 9271472 |
| experimental and molecular study of cercariae of clinostomum sp. (trematoda: clinostomidae) from biomphalaria spp. (mollusca: planorbidae) in brazil. | despite the large number of reports of species of clinostomum from vertebrate hosts in south america, studies evaluating the molluscan transmitters of these parasites are scarce. in the present study, clinostomatoid cercariae shed from 0.02% (4/17,485) specimens of biomphalaria spp., collected at the pampulha reservoir, belo horizonte, minas gerais, brazil, were used for experimental infection of poecilia reticulata . samples of cercariae from molluscs and metacercariae experimentally obtained f ... | 2015 | 25090192 |
| cryptosporidium huwi n. sp. (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from the guppy (poecilia reticulata). | the morphological, biological, and molecular characteristics of cryptosporidium piscine genotype 1 from the guppy (poecilia reticulata) are described, and the species name cryptosporidium huwi n. sp. is proposed to reflect its genetic and biological differences from gastric and intestinal cryptosporidium species. oocysts of c.huwi n. sp. over-lap in size with cryptosporidium molnari, measuring approximately 4.4-4.9 µm (mean 4.6) by 4.0-4.8 µm (mean 4.4 µm) with a length to width ratio of 1.04 (0 ... | 2015 | 25637783 |
| molecular and biological characterization of a cryptosporidium molnari-like isolate from a guppy (poecilia reticulata). | histological, morphological, genetic, and phylogenetic analyses of a cryptosporidium molnari-like isolate from a guppy (poecilia reticulata) identified stages consistent with those of c. molnari and revealed that c. molnari is genetically very distinct from all other species of cryptosporidium. this study represents the first genetic characterization of c. molnari. | 2004 | 15184187 |
| density-dependent prey mortality is determined by the spatial scale of predator foraging. | foraging theory predicts which prey patches predators should target. however, in most habitats, what constitutes a 'patch' and how prey density is calculated are subjective concepts and depend on the spatial scale at which the predator (or scientist) is observing. moreover, the predator's 'foraging scale' affects prey population dynamics: predators should produce directly density-dependent (ddd) prey mortality at the foraging scale, but inversely density-dependent (idd) mortality (safety-in-numb ... | 2016 | 26116266 |
| partitioning the metabolic scope: the importance of anaerobic metabolism and implications for the oxygen- and capacity-limited thermal tolerance (ocltt) hypothesis. | ongoing climate change is predicted to affect the distribution and abundance of aquatic ectotherms owing to increasing constraints on organismal physiology, in particular involving the metabolic scope (ms) available for performance and fitness. the oxygen- and capacity-limited thermal tolerance (ocltt) hypothesis prescribes ms as an overarching benchmark for fitness-related performance and assumes that any anaerobic contribution within the ms is insignificant. the ms is typically derived from re ... | 2016 | 27293766 |
| acute toxicity of amanranthus viridus extract on guppies, poecilia reticulata. | many thai plant species shows the responsible for controlling insects from the host plants. to avoid potential toxic pollutant contaminating aquatic ecosystems, this present study was investigated for acute toxicity from amaranthus viridis to guppy fish (poecilia reticulata) were selected for the bioassay experiments. the experiments were repeated 5 times and the 1-, 3- and 24-h lc50 was determined for the guppies. the acute toxicity experiments were carried out by static method and behavioral c ... | 2010 | 21542483 |
| review of the bioenvironmental methods for malaria control with special reference to the use of larvivorous fishes and composite fish culture in central gujarat, india. | mosquito control with the use of insecticides is faced with the challenges of insecticide resistance in disease vectors, community refusal, their high cost, operational difficulties, and environmental concern. in view of this, integrated vector control strategies with the use of larvivorous fishes such as guppy (poecilia reticulata) and gambusia (g. affinis) as biological control agents were used in controlling mosquito breeding in different types of breeding places such as intradomestic contain ... | 2013 | 23703433 |
| parting ways: parasite release in nature leads to sex-specific evolution of defence. | we evaluated the extent to which males and females evolve along similar or different trajectories in response to the same environmental shift. specifically, we used replicate experimental introductions in nature to consider how release from a key parasite (gyrodactylus) generates similar or different defence evolution in male vs. female guppies (poecilia reticulata). after 4-8 generations of evolution, guppies were collected from the ancestral (parasite still present) and derived (parasite now a ... | 2016 | 26356531 |
| vulnerability of the mosquito larvae to the guppies (poecilia reticulata) in the presence of alternative preys. | the predatory potential of the larvivorous fishes can be affected by the presence of alternative preys. in the present study the predation pattern of the sewage dwelling poecilia reticulata (peters 1872) on the larvae of culex quinquefasciatus say 1823 (diptera: culicidae) was evaluated in the presence of alternative preys. | 2008 | 18807376 |
| biological control of mosquito larvae by guppy fish. | predation potentiality of a biological control agent, the guppy fish, poecilia reticulata (= lebistes reticulatus), was studied over the mosquito larvae under laboratory conditions. the third instar larvae of culex quinquefasciatus mosquito were used as prey. the average consumption rate was 41.0 per day per fish. the female fish was more active (54.9) than male ones (27.0). the feeding activity was found to be higher at higher water temperature. the study suggests that this fish could be used, ... | 1995 | 8815867 |
| [feeding of the young of the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata (cyprinodontiformes: poeciliidae) in a natural breeding site of culex quinquefasciatus (say, 1823)]. | the objective of this study is to determine the feeding patterns of the young of the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata in a natural breeding site of culex quinquefasciatus. the experimental material were the young of this species, caught in two back water sites of quibu river with different larval density. dissection of the young, fixed in 4% formal, was carried out for the analysis of stomach contents. the results show that at an early age the young of poecilia reticulata are already effecti ... | 2009 | 2672171 |
| [the predatory capacity of the larvivorous fish poecilia reticulata (peters, 1985) (cyprinodontiformes: poecillidae) in a natural breeding-ground for the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus say, 1823]. | | 2009 | 3045912 |
| studies on potential biological control agents of immature mosquitoes in sewage wastewater in southern california. | three biological control agents, a copepod, mesocyclops leuckarti pilosa, and two fish, cyprinodon macularius and poecilia reticulata, were evaluated for their survival in secondary sewage effluent (sse) and predation potential on mosquito larvae. results showed that the survival of m. l. pilosa was not significantly affected in sse or sse diluted (50%) with water. in predation tests, the copepod consumed from 50 to 90% of the 1st-instar larvae of culex quinquefasciatus in 24 to 72 hr and p. ret ... | 1986 | 3507507 |
| efficacy of commercially available products against gyrodactylus turnbulli infections on guppies poecilia reticulata. | the demand for ornamental fish has led to a steep rise in aquaculture for the hobbyist trade, promoting the emergence, persistence and spread of various infectious diseases. complete control of disease outbreaks with antibiotics and chemical-based medicines is rare, but plant compounds may herald potential alternatives effective against a range of pathogens. melafix® and pimafix® are formulated with the essential oils cajuput (melaleuca cajuputi) and west indian bay (pimenta racemosa) and are ma ... | 2015 | 26203884 |
| efficacy of ginger-based treatments against infection with gyrodactylus turnbulli in the guppy (poecilia reticulata (peters)). | monogenean infections of commercially farmed fishes are responsible for significant economic losses and existing chemical therapeutants, often stressful to the fish, pose associated risks. as part of a recent trend to move towards the use of alternative, plant-based remedies for commonly occurring aquaculture-related diseases, the efficiency of ginger (zingiber officinale) was investigated against the monogenean parasite gyrodactylus turnbulli in the guppy. in vitro trials revealed the clear ant ... | 2015 | 25819871 |
| combined effects of flow condition and parasitism on shoaling behaviour of female guppies poecilia reticulata. | group living in fish can provide benefits of protection from predators and some parasites, more efficient foraging for food, increased mating opportunities and enhanced energetic benefit when swimming. for riverine species, shoaling behaviour can be influenced by various environmental stressors, yet little is known how flow rate might influence the shoaling of diseased fish shoals. in view of the increasingly unpredictable flow rates in streams and rivers, this study aimed to assess the combined ... | 2014 | 25152559 |
| efficacy of garlic based treatments against monogenean parasites infecting the guppy (poecilia reticulata (peters)). | monogenean infections of commercially farmed fishes are responsible for significant economic losses. garlic (allium sativum) is a well-known spice which also possesses anti-microbial and anti-parasitical properties. the current work aimed to test the efficacy of garlic-based treatments against infection with monogenean sp. in the guppy (poecilia reticulata). clipped sections of tail fins of guppies heavily infected with gyrodactylus turnbulli were exposed to aqueous garlic extract (7.5 to 30 ml ... | 2014 | 24598083 |
| fish responses to flow velocity and turbulence in relation to size, sex and parasite load. | riverine fish are subjected to heterogeneous flow velocities and turbulence and may use this to their advantage by selecting regions that balance energy expenditure for station holding while maximizing energy gain through feeding opportunities. this study investigated microhabitat selection by guppies poecilia reticulata in terms of flow characteristics generated by hemisphere boulders in an open channel flume. velocity and turbulence influenced the variation in swimming behaviour with respect t ... | 2014 | 24284893 |
| in vitro and in vivo efficacy of garlic compounds against gyrodactylus turnbulli infecting the guppy (poecilia reticulata). | traditional compounds used to treat fish diseases in aquaculture and the ornamental fish industry (such as formalin and malachite green) can be more toxic to the hosts than their parasites. with the reviviscence in the use of herbal products, various botanicals have been heralded as cures for particular pathogens, but the efficacy of these compounds for parasitic worms is questionable. here, we tested a range of garlic (allium sativum) products against a major aquarium pathogen, gyrodactylus tur ... | 2013 | 24074607 |
| can parasites use predators to spread between primary hosts? | parasites typically have low reproductive fitness on paratenic hosts. such hosts offer other significant inclusive fitness benefits to parasites, however, such as increased mobility and migration potential. the parasite fauna of the guppy (poecilia reticulata) is dominated by the directly transmitted ectoparasites gyrodactylus bullatarudis and gyrodactylus turnbulli. in the wild, close predatory and competitive interactions occur between the guppy and the killifish rivulus hartii. previous obser ... | 2013 | 23714691 |
| relative host body condition and food availability influence epidemic dynamics: a poecilia reticulata-gyrodactylus turnbulli host-parasite model. | understanding disease transmission is important to species management and human health. host body condition, nutrition and disease susceptibility interact in a complex manner, and while the individual effects of these variables are well known, our understanding of how they interact and translate to population dynamics is limited. our objective was to determine whether host relative body condition influences epidemic dynamics, and how this relationship is affected by food availability. poecilia r ... | 2013 | 23122390 |
| mixed infections and hybridisation in monogenean parasites. | theory predicts that sexual reproduction promotes disease invasion by increasing the evolutionary potential of the parasite, whereas asexual reproduction tends to enhance establishment success and population growth rate. gyrodactylid monogeneans are ubiquitous ectoparasites of teleost fish, and the evolutionary success of the specious gyrodactylus genus is thought to be partly due to their use of various modes of reproduction. gyrodactylus turnbulli is a natural parasite of the guppy (poecilia r ... | 2012 | 22808040 |
| waterborne zinc alters temporal dynamics of guppy poecilia reticulata epidermal response to gyrodactylus turnbulli (monogenea). | the present study assessed the histological changes in the epidermis of poecilia reticulata induced by the combined effects of an ectoparasite gyrodactylus turnbulli and differing concentrations of waterborne zinc (zn). infected guppies were exposed to 0, 15, 30, 60, or 120 µg zn l-1 and monitored over 3 wk during the exponential increase in parasite numbers on the fish. the fish epidermis responded within 3 d to g. turnbulli infection with a rapid increase in epidermal thickness and a modest in ... | 2012 | 22436462 |
| biomphalaria straminea (mollusca: planorbidae) as an intermediate host of ribeiroia sp. (trematoda: psilostomidae) in brazil. | species of ribeiroia are trematode parasites of birds and mammals that have acquired notoriety since ribeiroia ondatrae was identified as a cause of mortality and malformations in north american amphibians. although species of ribeiroia have been reported in vertebrate hosts in south america, the snails involved in its transmission remain unknown in brazil. during malacological studies conducted at pampulha reservoir, belo horizonte, minas gerais, brazil, between january 2009 and february 2012, ... | 2013 | 23421393 |
| ivermectin efficacy against biomphalaria, intermediate host snail vectors of schistosomiasis. | the impact of ivermectin on adult snails of the genus biomphalaria (b. glabrata, b. tenagophila and b. straminea), b. glabrata infected with schistosoma mansoni, snail egg-masses cercariae and miracidia, as well as on guppy fish (poecilia reticulata) was examined and evaluated. biomphalaria snails, egg-masses, parasite stages and guppies were all exposed to different concentrations of ivermectin for 24 h, followed by regular observations of mortality. the calculated lethal doses of ivermectin we ... | 2017 | 28293033 |
| partitioning the effects of temperature and kinematic viscosity on the c-start performance of adult fishes | temperature has been shown to have a significant effect on swimming performance in teleost fish. this thermal dependence has usually been attributed to correlated changes in muscle contractile physiology. however, the physical properties of all materials, including both water and living tissues, are profoundly affected by changes in temperature. in particular, both the kinematic viscosity of water and the flexible body dynamics of the fish (independent of muscle contractile activity) are substan ... | 1998 | 9622576 |
| genomic structure and sequence of the pufferfish (fugu rubripes) growth hormone-encoding gene: a comparative analysis of teleost growth hormone genes. | a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique for amplifying a fragment of the gene (gh) encoding teleost growth hormone has been developed. using this technique, a fragment of the pufferfish, fugu rubripes and arothron maculatus, dwarf gourami, colisa lalia; guppy, poecilia reticulata; and goldfish, carassius auratus gh genes were cloned. the fugu rubripes (fugu) gene fragment was used to isolate the gh gene from a fugu genomic library. the complete nucleotide sequence of a 8.5-kb saci gen ... | 1997 | 9099882 |
| new method for visualization of c-heterochromatin in synaptonemal complex spreads. | dapi staining of the metaphase chromosomes pretreated with barium hydroxide generates a c-like banding pattern. in this work a protocol for visualizing similar pattern at the synaptonemal complex (sc) spreads after immunostaining is suggested. this method was used to visualize centromeric and sex heterochromatin at the sc spreads of guppy fish (poecilia reticulata peters, 1859). the efficiency of this method was further confirmed at sc spreads of the northern red-backed vole (myodes rutilus (pal ... | 2013 | 24260695 |
| male gonadal differentiation and the paedomorphic evolution of the testis in teleostei. | testis differentiation from representatives of the otophysi (cyprinus carpio), percomorpha (amatitlania nigrofasciata), and atherinomorpha (poecilia reticulata) was comparatively described. in the undifferentiated gonad of c. carpio, the primordial germ cells (pgcs) are scattered throughout the gonads while in a. nigrofasciata and p. reticulata the pgcs are restricted to the ventral periphery. in the dorsal region of the developing gonads, with the exception of c. carpio, somatic cell rearrangem ... | 2014 | 24740886 |
| comprehensive primer design for analysis of population genetics in non-sequenced organisms. | nuclear sequence markers are useful tool for the study of the history of populations and adaptation. however, it is not easy to obtain multiple nuclear primers for organisms with poor or no genomic sequence information. here we used the genomes of organisms that have been fully sequenced to design comprehensive sets of primers to amplify polymorphic genomic fragments of multiple nuclear genes in non-sequenced organisms. first, we identified a large number of candidate polymorphic regions that we ... | 2012 | 22393396 |
| inter-specific differences in numerical abilities among teleost fish. | adults, infants and non-human primates are thought to possess similar non-verbal numerical systems, but there is considerable debate regarding whether all vertebrates share the same numerical abilities. despite an abundance of studies, cross-species comparison remains difficult because the methodology employed and the context of species examination vary considerably across studies. to fill this gap, we used the same procedure, stimuli, and numerical contrasts to compare quantity abilities of fiv ... | 2012 | 23162517 |
| trichodina nobilis chen, 1963 and trichodina reticulata hirschmann et partsch, 1955 from ornamental freshwater fishes in brazil. | in the present work trichodina reticulata and t. nobilis (ciliophora: trichodinidae) are morphologically characterised from ornamental freshwater fish culture in the state of santa catarina, brazil. the prevalence of infection and a list of comparative measurements are discussed. we examined "southern platyfish" xiphophorus maculatus (n = 35), "goldfish" carassius auratus (n = 31), "guppy" poecilia reticulata (n = 20), "sailfin molly" poecilia latipinna (n = 6), "beta" betta splendens (n = 2) an ... | 2012 | 22735135 |
| comparison of bioconcentration factors of tetrachlorobenzyltoluenes in the guppy (poecilia reticulata) and zebra mussel (dreissena polymorpha). | preliminary bioconcentration factors (bcfs) were determined of six tetrachlorobenzyltoluenes (tcbts) in guppies (poecilia reticulata). bcfs and rate constants were derived by an iterative integration method. with this method bcfs and rate constants can be derived from experimental data of a bioconcentration test, even if the concentration in the water is not constant and steady state has not been reached. log bcf values of tcbts in guppies ranged from 1.67 to 2.68 l.kg-1 on a wet weight basis. t ... | 1996 | 8920593 |
| enzymological differences of ache and diazinon hepatic metabolism: correlation of in vitro data with the selective toxicity of diazinon to fish species. | the in vitro hepatic metabolism of diazinon, as well as the sensitivity of the brain acetylcholine esterase, to diazoxon inhibitory action have been studied in order to explain the different toxicity of diazinon to oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), poecilia reticulata (guppy), brachydanio rerio (zebra fish) and cyprinus carpio (carp). in spite of a very sensitive acetylcholine esterase the carp is very resistant to diazinon toxicity because of its very low rate of bioactivation and relatively ... | 1995 | 7481748 |
| crypt cell markers in the olfactory organ of poecilia reticulata: analysis and comparison with the fish model danio rerio. | olfactory crypt neurons have been observed in several bony fishes and chondrichtyans. although their morphology is uniform in all fish, very few is known about their antigenic properties, usually studied in zebrafish, but quite overlooked in other species. we tested in poecilia reticulata (guppy) the two antibodies recognized to mark zebrafish crypt cells: while anti-s100 showed an immunohistochemical pattern comparable to what reported in zebrafish, anti-trka gave no signal. western blot analys ... | 2017 | 28280935 |
| expression change in angiopoietin-1 underlies change in relative brain size in fish. | brain size varies substantially across the animal kingdom and is often associated with cognitive ability; however, the genetic architecture underpinning natural variation in these key traits is virtually unknown. in order to identify the genetic architecture and loci underlying variation in brain size, we analysed both coding sequence and expression for all the loci expressed in the telencephalon in replicate populations of guppies (poecilia reticulata) artificially selected for large and small ... | 2015 | 26108626 |
| petasiger dietz, 1909 (trematoda: echinostomatidae) in birds and mollusks from brazil. | species of petasiger dietz, 1909 are intestinal trematodes of aquatic birds. despite the diversity of described species in europe and north america, only two south american species are known and no species have been previously reported in birds from brazil. during a study of helminths recovered from the least grebe, tachybaptus dominicus (linnaeus, 1766), from the state of minas gerais, brazil, adult trematodes identified as petasiger novemdecim lutz, 1928 were found. the prevalence of infection ... | 2013 | 24142178 |
| exposure to an agricultural contaminant, 17β-trenbolone, impairs female mate choice in a freshwater fish. | despite the pivotal role sexual selection plays in population dynamics and broader evolutionary processes, the impact of chemical pollution on female mate choice is poorly understood. one group of chemical contaminants with the potential to disrupt the mechanisms of female mate choice is endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs); a broad class of environmental pollutants that can interfere with the endocrinology of organisms at extremely low concentrations. recent research has revealed that estrogen ... | 2016 | 26466515 |
| studies of in vitro embryo culture of guppy (poecilia reticulata). | different with other fishes, the guppies (poecilia reticulata) is ovoviviparity, which retain their fertilized eggs within the follicle throughout gestation. the synchronously growing diplotene oocytes store nutrients in droplets and yolk, before their maturation and fertilization. the lecithotrophic strategy of development entails the provisioning of embryos with resources from the maternal yolk deposit rather than from a placenta, it allows the extracorporeal culture of guppy embryo. studies o ... | 2014 | 25949182 |
| use of aquarium fish, danio rerio and poecilia reticulata, as test species for evaluation of nitrosamine carcinogenicity. | the carcinogenic effects of various doses of dimethylnitrosamine (dmna), diethylnitrosamine (dena), and nitrosomorpholine (nm), as well as the results of varying temperature and length of exposure to these carcinogens, were studied in short-term (20-21 wk) experiments in aquarium fish (820 danio rerio and 944 poecilia reticulata). all nitroso compounds induced liver tumors (hepatocellular carcinomas and adenomas, cholangiomas, and cholangiocarcinomas) and esophageal papillomas. exposure to nm al ... | 1984 | 6462200 |
| acute toxicity and environmental risk of teflubenzuron to daphnia magna, poecilia reticulata and lemna minor in the absence and presence of sediment. | this study aimed to estimate the acute toxicity of teflubenzuron (1-(3,5-dichloro-2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea) (tfb) for daphnia magna, lemna minor and poecilia reticulata, in the absence and presence of sediment; evaluate the effect of sediment on the tfb bioavailability; and to classify this insecticide according to its environmental poisoning risk for agricultural and aquaculture uses. the tests of tfb acute toxicity were conducted in static system in a completely randomiz ... | 2013 | 23581694 |