| a clinical study of airborne allergens in the united arab emirates. | in the past 25 years the united arab emirates (uae) have experienced a socioeconomic boom. the once nomadic bedouin population of al ain, in the emirate of abu dhabi, now lives in modern air-conditioned accommodation, and huge desalination plants have allowed afforestation and farming. | 1999 | 10572581 |
| sensitization to local dust-mite fauna in singapore. | recent studies showed the presence of a unique dust-mite fauna in the indoor environment of singapore. immediate hypersensitivity to these dust mites, along with other known indoor allergens, may play a role in the pathogenesis of allergic respiratory diseases. this study evaluated the sensitization rates of the local atopic population to these allergens. | 1999 | 10604550 |
| [the effect of infestation by mixed culture of beauveria bassiana and paecilomyces farinosus on reduction in numbers of experimental culture blattella germanica l]. | in this paper results of infestation of blatella germanica l with mixed culture of insecticidal fungi belonging to one two species are presented. in the first stage of experiment the insects were infested first with b. bassiana spores and later with p. farinosus spores (strains l and p) was used as first and b. bassiana as second with time sequence of only 24 and 72 hours. out of one species cultures tests were done alternately with strains l and p of p. farinosus. the control insects were alway ... | 1999 | 10628229 |
| a new entomopoxvirus from a cockroach: light and electron microscopy. | the cockroach entomopoxvirus caused a chronic infection in cultures of the german cockroach blattella germanica. heavily infected specimens showed a reduced mobility. ellipsoid virus occlusion bodies (8 x 5 to 19 x 12 microm) were found intracellularly in tracheole cells, in the hypodermis, in fat body cells, and in muscles. several hundred virus particles were integrated in a single occlusion body (ob), their long axis being oriented axially. ovoid viroids measured 320 x 190 nm and possessed a ... | 2000 | 10631053 |
| comparative insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzyme activities among pestiferous blattodea. | topical bioassays using propoxur, chlorpyrifos, and lambda-cyhalothrin were conducted on eight cockroach species. based on lethal dose values, the relative toxicities of the insecticide classes were generally pyrethroid > carbamate > organophosphorous. lambda-cyhalothrin and propoxur were more toxic toward the blattidae as compared with the blattellidae. the order of lambda-cyhalothrin toxicity was periplaneta americana > periplaneta brunnea = periplaneta australasiae = periplaneta fuliginosa = ... | 1999 | 10661713 |
| role of feeding in the reproductive 'group effect' in females of the german cockroach blattella germanica (l.). | we have found that whether a female german cockroach, blattella germanica (l.), is kept alone or in the presence of another female has a major impact on how fast it reproduces and how much it eats. by the sixth day of adulthood, females paired since adult eclosion had substantially larger oöcytes than did females isolated during the same time, and females paired with intact females, or with ones rendered incapable of feeding, consumed more rat chow in the first six days of adulthood than did iso ... | 2000 | 10802106 |
| hla-dq/human cd4-restricted immune response to cockroach allergens in transgenic mice. | we investigated the immune response to the german cockroach (blattella germanica), and one of its major antigens, blattella germanica group 5 (bla g 5), in a double-transgenic, double-knockout mouse expressing human hla-dq8, hla-dq6 and cd4 molecules in the absence of mouse class ii and mouse cd4. transgenic mice were primed and challenged with cr extract or individual synthetic peptides representing bla g 5. strong t-cell responses to cr extract were detected in both hla-dq/hcd4+ transgenic mic ... | 2000 | 10852381 |
| low prevalence of allergy to cockroach and latex in asthmatic patients in eskisehir (anatolia), turkey. | allergy to cockroach and latex are said to be causes of asthma particularly in some groups. we studied allergy to cockroach and latex in asthmatic patients from eskisehir (anatolia), turkey in order to determine whether these allergens play an important role in the anatolian region. a total of 216 asthmatic patients (mean age 43.7+/-11.0 years) were skin tested with common aeroallergens, blatella germanica and latex. sixty-three patients were allergic (29.1%) and 153 were nonallergic (70.8%) acc ... | 2000 | 10923591 |
| evaluation of attractants for monitoring populations of the german cockroach (dictyoptera: blattellidae). | lures that are used to attract german cockroaches, blattella germanica (l.), to traps were compared in olfactometer assays in the laboratory and in trapping experiments in cockroach-infested homes and a swine farm. in olfactometer assays, agrisense gp-2 was the most attractive lure, followed by peanut butter, and distiller's grain. other lures, including trapper tablet; victor pheromone, a crude fecal extract that ostensibly contains b. germanica aggregation pheromone; and victor food lure elici ... | 2001 | 11233115 |
| cockroach allergen-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation in hla-dq/human cd4(+) transgenic mice. | airway eosinophilic inflammation is a characteristic feature of allergic asthma. exposure to allergens produced by the german cockroach (blattella germanica) is a risk factor for allergic disease in genetically predisposed individuals, and has been linked to an increase in asthma morbidity among cockroach-sensitive inner city children. to determine the role and contribution of specific hla class ii in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation in cockroach-induced asthma, we generated doub ... | 2001 | 11591792 |
| use of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) for generating specific dna probes for oxyuroid species (nematoda). | random amplified dna markers (rapd; williams et al., 1990) were used to obtained specific rapd fragments characterising different species of oxyuroids. we tested six species of worms parasitizing vertebrates or invertebrates: passalurus ambiguus rudolphi, 1819, parasite of leporids; syphacia obvelata (rudolphi, 1802) seurat, 1916, a parasite of rodents; blatticola blattae (graeffe, 1860) chitwood, 1932 parasite of the cockroach blattella germanica; hammerschmidtiella diesingi (hammerschmidt, 183 ... | 1998 | 9754296 |
| insecticidal activity of essential oils: octopaminergic sites of action. | a study was conducted to determine the insecticidal activity and mechanism of action of three essential oils (eugenol, alpha-terpineol and cinnamic alcohol) and an equal part mixture (3-blend) against american cockroaches (periplaneta americana). to address species differences in response to treatment with the test oils, carpenter ants (camponotus pennsylvanicus de geer), and german cockroaches (blattella germanica) were included in this study. exposed american cockroaches demonstrated hyperacti ... | 2001 | 11701389 |
| sensitization to cockroach allergens in a sample from the urban population living in naples (southern italy). | the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of allergic sensitization to cockroach allergens in a group of atopic patients living in the urban area of naples. four hundred and fourteen consecutive patients were submitted to the following diagnostic procedures: anamnestic data; clinical examination; and skin prick test by using a standardized pricker and allergenic extracts, one of which contained a mix of whole bodies of blattella orientatis, blattella germanica and periplaneta american ... | 1998 | 9777540 |
| novel allergen structures with tandem amino acid repeats derived from german and american cockroach. | cockroaches produce potent allergens that are an important cause of asthma. the two principal domiciliary cockroach species, blattella germanica and periplaneta americana, secrete major allergens, bla g 1 and per a 1. here, we report the molecular cloning of three bla g 1 cdna clones, which showed 70% amino acid sequence identity with per a 1. plaque immunoassays with human ige antibodies or murine monoclonal antibodies showed that these allergens were antigenically cross-reactive. the bla g 1 s ... | 1998 | 9804858 |
| noxious components of venom from the pupa-specific parasitoid pimpla hypochondriaca | venom from the endoparasitoid wasp pimpla hypochondriaca induced a lethal paralysis when injected into the hemocoel of larval, pupal, and adult stages of the tomato moth lacanobia oleracea and was also toxic to the adult stages of the housefly musca domestica and the cockroach blatella germanica. heating the venom to 58 degreesc did not reduce its potency against m. domestica. phenoloxidase activity was detected in diluted venom using dihydroxyphenylalanine as the substrate and occurred independ ... | 1999 | 9878292 |
| expression and characterisation of a psoroptes ovis glutathione s-transferase. | the astigmatid mite psoroptes ovis is the causative agent of sheep scab, a highly contagious parasitic disease of sheep. infection causes severe allergic dermatitis, resulting in damage to the fleece and hide, loss of condition and occasional mortality. interest in the p. ovis allergens led us to characterise a glutathione s-transferase (gst) which displays homology to gst allergens isolated from the house dust mite, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and the cockroach, blatella germanica. a cdna en ... | 2002 | 11879966 |
| the role of indoor allergen sensitization and exposure in causing morbidity in women with asthma. | longitudinal evidence that indoor allergen exposure causes morbidity in sensitized individuals with asthma is scarce. we evaluated the association of allergen sensitization and home exposure to short- and long-term morbidity in 140 women with asthma and to asthma prevalence in 458 women from metropolitan boston. cockroach (blattella germanica), dust mite (dermatophagoides farinae), and cat (felis domesticus) allergens in home dust samples, and specific immunoglobulin e antibodies were measured a ... | 2002 | 11934722 |
| distribution variations of multi allergens at asthmatic children's homes. | increasing asthma prevalence is evident in many countries and childhood asthma has also become one of the most common chronic diseases in children. exposure to indoor allergens has been be attributed to a significant increase in asthma occurrence. meanwhile, allergen distribution varies widely among different countries. this brief investigation reports the distribution of common indoor allergens, such as mite (dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, der p 1 and der p 2), cat (felis domesticus, fel d 1), ... | 2002 | 12049401 |
| [allergic rhinitis: evaluation of prick test positivity for german and american cockroaches (blatella germanica, periplaneta americana)]. | allergies are a widespread phenomenon and one that is in continuous expansion, especially in large cities. a heretofore underestimated allergen, at least in italy, is the cockroach. between april and june 2000, we administered a prick test (including the cockroach antigen in the allergen kit) to 163 patients. the prick test was executed utilizing histamine as the positive control and a normal diluent as the negative control; both indoor allergens (including dermatophagoids and dog and cat epithe ... | 2002 | 12173285 |
| ige-binding epitopes of the american cockroach per a 1 allergen. | cockroach is one of the major indoor allergens for ige-mediated allergic respiratory illnesses throughout the world. the american cockroach (periplaneta americana) per a 1 allergen is antigenically cross-reactive with the german cockroach (blattella germanica) bla g 1 allergen. the aim of this study was to identify linear b cell epitopes of per a 1 that are recognized by human ige. per a 1 deletion mutants were generated from the recombinant per a 1.0104 allergen (274 amino acid residues), and a ... | 2002 | 12413697 |
| german cockroach extract increases bronchial epithelial cell interleukin-8 expression. | cockroach exposure has been recognized as a common trigger for asthma. while dust mite and aspergillus fumigatus aeroallergens have been noted to have direct effects on airway epithelium, direct effects of cockroach proteins have not been determined. | 2003 | 12534547 |
| determination of 'irritant' threshold concentrations for intradermal testing with allergenic insect extracts in normal horses. | sixteen healthy horses with no history of skin or respiratory disease were used for an intradermal testing (idt) threshold study, in order to determine the concentrations of 13 commercial allergenic insect extracts most appropriate for idt. five dilutions of each extract were used, which included the manufacturer's recommended concentrations for equine idt, plus one dilution higher and three lower than these standard concentrations. allergens tested included caddisfly (trichoptera spp.), mayfly ... | 2003 | 12603683 |
| isolation of non-tuberculous mycobacteria from hospital cockroaches (periplaneta americana). | this study attempted to isolate mycobacteria from hospital and household cockroaches from 90 hospitals and 40 households in kaohsiung city and kaohsiung county, south taiwan. among 203 cockroaches (139 periplaneta americana and 64 blattella germanica) collected from the hospitals, six mycobacterium spp. were isolated and identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. in 12 cockroaches (p. americana): four mycobacterium kansaii, three mycobacterium xeno ... | 2003 | 12623325 |
| wheezing, allergy, and parasite infection in children in urban and rural ethiopia. | epidemiological studies in developing countries suggest that intestinal parasite infection may reduce the risk of asthma. because this evidence is all derived from adults and older children, we have investigated the relation between parasite infection, wheezing, and allergen skin sensitization in nested case-control studies drawn from a survey of 7,155 children aged 1 to 4 years living in urban and rural areas of jimma, ethiopia. infection with parasites was common, predominantly with trichuris ... | 2003 | 12738598 |
| population densities of cockroaches from human dwellings in urban areas in the republic of korea. | studies on the population and infestation rates of domestic cockroaches were conducted from september 1999 to october 2000 in 154 residences in 21 districts (dong) in busan and 170 residences in 12 districts in seoul, republic of korea, using sticky traps. blattella germanica, periplaneta americana and periplaneta fuliginosa were collected from three different types of houses, apartments, single dwelling houses and multi-union houses (villa). b. germanica was the dominant species collected from ... | 2003 | 12831133 |
| mite and cockroach sensitization in allergic patients from caracas, venezuela. | mites and cockroaches are important allergen sources in most countries, especially in the tropics. they have been incriminated as the cause of the increased prevalence of inhalant allergen sensitization that has occurred in many areas of latin america. | 2003 | 12839327 |
| immunoglobulin e antibody reactivity to the major shrimp allergen, tropomyosin, in unexposed orthodox jews. | assessment of allergic (ige antibody-mediated) reactions to foods may become complicated by cross-reactivity that can occur among certain food families and between foods and seemingly unrelated allergens. | 2003 | 12859453 |
| cockroaches (periplaneta americana and blattella germanica) as potential mechanical disseminators of entamoeba histolytica. | since cockroaches feed on feces, they may disseminate infective agents with the fecal-oral route. a field survey and experiments were conducted to determine the role of cockroaches in the dissemination of entamoeba histolytica. periplaneta americana (n=299) and blattella germanica (n=29) were collected from 11 primary schools in an urban area of south taiwan. e. histolytica/e. dispar cysts were found on the cuticle and/or in the digestive tract of p. americana (25.4%) whereas cysts were only iso ... | 2003 | 12875929 |
| [occurrence of insect pests in hospitals in poland]. | the prevalent synantropic species present in hospitals in poland was the german cockroach (blattella germanica l.), found in about 70% hospitals. it was followed by oriental cockroach (blatta orientais l.) and pharaoh's ant (monomorium pharaonis l.) occurred in 40% and 17% of hospitals respectively. kitchens, laundries and lavatories were the most often infested places. preliminary investigation of german cockroaches caught in hospitals in poland showed on their body surfaces presence of bacteri ... | 2003 | 12910602 |
| [a densovirus of german cockroach blatella germanica: detection, nucleotide sequence and genome organization]. | a new blattella germanica densovirus (bgdnv, parvoviridae: densovirinae, densovirus) was found. virus dna and cockroach tissues infected with bgdnv were examined by electron microscopy. virus particles about 20 nm in diameter were observed both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm of infected cells. virus dna proved to be a linear molecule sized about 1.2 microns. the complete bgdnv genome was sequenced and analyzed. five orf were detected: two coded for structural capsid proteins and were on one ... | 2003 | 12942633 |
| survey of indoor cockroaches in some dwellings in bangkok. | this study aimed to investigate the species distribution of indoor cockroaches in dwellings in bangkok. commercial sticky traps were used to catch cockroaches in 128 private residences (40 single houses, 49 townhouses, 39 apartments), 34 offices, and 30 small groceries. the cockroaches were identified as periplaneta americana, supella longipalpa, blattella germanica, neostylopyga rhombifolia, p. brunnea, p. australasiae, pycnoscelus surinamensis, and b. lituricallis; two were unidentified specie ... | 2002 | 12971471 |
| [effect of environment and reflected light on the behavior of blattella germanica]. | | 1953 | 13116552 |
| boric acid dust as a component of an integrated cockroach management program in confined swine production. | boric acid dust treatments were evaluated as a tool for the integrated management of the german cockroach, blattella germanica (l.), in commercial confined swine production. the efficacy of boric acid dust was comparable to that of an organic residual insecticide, cyfluthrin, which is commonly used to control cockroaches in this environment. fall treatments suppressed the cockroach population for longer durations than treatments in the spring. boric acid dust is an effective, inexpensive, and lo ... | 2003 | 14503613 |
| [prevalence of allergic respiratory disorders and skin prick test in beijing urban and suburban children: a comparative study]. | to investigate the prevalence of allergic respiratory disorders and allergens in beijing urban and suburban children. | 2003 | 14642071 |
| tissue localization and regulation by juvenile hormone of human allergen bla g 4 from the german cockroach, blattella germanica (l.). | the german cockroach, blattella germanica (l.), produces several potent protein aeroallergens, including bla g 4, a approximately 20 kda lipocalin. rt-pcr, northern analyses and in situ hybridization showed that bla g 4 is expressed only in the adult male reproductive system. western blotting and elisa with rbla g 4 antiserum detected immunoreactivity in the utricles and the conglobate gland, but not in other tissues of the male reproductive system. the bla g 4 protein content of males increased ... | 2005 | 15663774 |
| screening of antifeedant activity in brain extracts led to the identification of sulfakinin as a satiety promoter in the german cockroach. are arthropod sulfakinins homologous to vertebrate gastrins-cholecystokinins? | the feeding cycle of the adult female cockroach blattella germanica parallels vitellogenesis. the study of the mechanisms that regulate this cycle led us to look for food-intake inhibitors in brain extracts. the antifeedant activity of brain extracts was tested in vivo by injecting the extract and measuring the carotenoids contained in the gut from carrot ingested after the treatment. by hplc fractionation and tracking the biological activity with the carrot test, we isolated the sulfakinin eqfd ... | 2001 | 11722569 |
| cockroach surveys in 14 provinces of thailand. | cockroach surveys using sticky traps were conducted in urban areas of 14 thailand provinces. at least 30 houses in each province were randomly sampled for cockroaches. each house was trapped in three areas: kitchen, bedroom and outside. a total of 2,648 cockroaches was caught by 550 out of 1,542 traps (35.7%), from 337 of the 514 houses (65.6%). overall, relative density ranged from 2.6 to 9.1 with an average of 5.2 cockroaches/house. on the average, 47.7% of the cockroaches were caught in the k ... | 2001 | 11813661 |
| [positive skin test and age] | objective: to evaluate positive responses to skin tests for immediate hypersensitivity to allergens in children with asthma and rhinitis at different ages. method: we observed positive skin test reactivity in prick tests using fifteen allergens of same origin (total dust and dermatophagoides sp.; dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; dermatophagoides farinae; blomia tropicalis; penicillium sp; alternaria alternata; cladosporium herbarium; aspergillus fumigatus; bermuda grass; forage grass; dog and cat ... | 2001 | 14647601 |
| screening of some romanian plants for their activity against medically important insects. | the effects of the action of extracts from 82 plant species included in 39 families of indigenous flora against the larvae and adults of house fly (musca domestica), the mosquitoes (aedes aegypti and anopheles atroparvus) and the german cockroach (blattella germanica) are presented. some of the extracts were prepared from air-dried and ground plant material which was exhaustively extracted with successive solvents of different polarity: ethyl ether, ethyl alcohol and water. other extracts were p ... | 2000 | 11850879 |
| pterygodermatites nycticebi (nematoda: rictulariidae): accidental detection of encapsulated third-stage larvae in the tissue of a white-fronted marmoset. | twin, white-fronted marmosets (callithrix geoffroyi) born and raised in a zoo in japan died at 7 mo of age. several encapsulated nematode larvae were detected in the intestinal wall, as well as a few in the mesenteric lymph nodes of 1 of the twins. in the other marmoset, no encapsulated nematode larva was detected in the organs, but many adult pterygodermatites nycticebi were found in the intestinal lumen. in the past 5 yr, 5 primates kept in the same zoo, i.e., 1 squirrel monkey (saimiri sciure ... | 2003 | 14740905 |
| the common house roach, blattella germanica linn., as a potential vector of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella typhosa. | | 1952 | 14924099 |
| determinants of atopic sensitization in turkish school children: effects of pre- and post-natal events and maternal atopy. | emergence of new environmental risk factors, and/or loss of protective factors of a traditional lifestyle may explain the increase, or variations in prevalence of allergic diseases. the aim of this study was to delineate the prevalence and spectrum of, and to reveal the causal and/or protective factors for atopic sensitization among a heterogeneous cohort of turkish children, for the first time in our country. the study design adhered to international study of asthma and allergies in childhood ( ... | 2004 | 14998384 |
| contamination of nebulizer equipment with cockroach allergen: there's a bug in the system! | physicians often have anecdotal reports of patients describing increased asthma symptoms after the use of nebulizers; however, there are few published reports of nebulizer-associated exacerbations. | 2004 | 15104202 |
| efficacy and safety of specific immunotherapy to mosquito bites. | adverse effects of mosquito bites are often very unpleasant and need a treatment. | 2004 | 15180354 |
| allergenic characterization of tropomyosin from the dusky brown cockroach, periplaneta fuliginosa. | household arthropods are one of the most common causes of allergic diseases. four species of cockroaches are found to reside in korean homes, but published work deals almost exclusively with the german and american cockroaches. this study was undertaken to investigate the cross-reactive allergenic components of the dusky brown cockroach, periplaneta fuliginosa. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) inhibition and immunoblot analyses for the dusky brown cockroach were performed with blattella ... | 2004 | 15242941 |
| evaluation of the german cockroach (blattella germanica) as a vector for verotoxigenic escherichia coli f18 in confined swine production. | german cockroaches are common pests of confined swine production in north carolina and other southeastern states. vector competence of german cockroaches for one of the most important porcine bacterial pathogens, verotoxigenic escherichia coli f18, was evaluated in laboratory bioassays using a culturing approach followed by multiplex pcr. in addition, the populations of fecal coliforms from the feces of piglets and cockroaches collected from a swine nursery were assessed. viable and virulent cel ... | 2004 | 15261999 |
| [study on the potential use of baculoviruses to eradicate insects in pest control]. | the biological activity of baculovirus acmnpv and its recombinant spx were determined on cockroaches blattella germanica, pharaoh's ants monomorium pharaonis and flies musca domestica--species very difficult to eradicate. baculovirus acmnpv is one of the best known viruses of wide host range. its recombinant spx contained the gene for natural toxin. it is known that this toxin paralyses nervous system of insects by blocking sodium channels. the studies on the influences of baculoviruses showed i ... | 2004 | 15307617 |
| expression of tropomyosin from blattella germanica as a recombinant non-fusion protein in pichia pastoris and comparison of its ige reactivity with its native counterpart. | tropomyosins derived from invertebrates are well-known pan allergens. however, the allergenicities of recombinant tropomyosins are variable. here, we undertook to compare the ige-binding reactivities of native and recombinant german cockroach tropomyosins. native tropomyosin was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydroxyapatite column chromatography, and electroelution, and recombinant tropomyosin was expressed in pichia pastoris. the allergenicities of the native and recombinant tropom ... | 2004 | 15358347 |
| virulence, horizontal transmission, and sublethal reproductive effects of metarhizium anisopliae (anamorphic fungi) on the german cockroach (blattodea: blattellidae). | virulence of metarhizium anisopliae (metschnikoff) sorokin strain eama 01/121-su against the german cockroach, blatella germanica (l.), was determined using four concentrations ranging from 4.2 x 10(6) to 4.2 x 10(9) spores per milliliter. the ld50 value was 1.4 x 10(7) spores per milliliter (56,000 spores per cockroach) and lt50 values were 14.8 days and 5.3 days for 4.2 x 10(8) and 4.2 x 10(9) spores per milliliter, respectively. an experiment was conducted to evaluate whether a fungal transmi ... | 2004 | 15491599 |
| cloning of cyp9g2 from the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae). | cytochrome p450s constitute a superfamily of hemoproteins, important in the metabolism of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. the full-length cdna of a novel cytochrome p450, cyp9g2, was isolated from a cdna library. the cdna is 2143 bp in length and contains an open reading frame from 50 to 1615 bp, encoding a protein of 521 amino acid residues. the putative p450 protein contains a highly hydrophobic n terminus and a p450 protein signature motif, fg/s*g*r*c*g***a/g, known as the important liga ... | 2004 | 15497449 |
| orcokinins in insects and other invertebrates. | orcokinin (nfdeidrsgfgfn) and orcokinin homologues are crustacean peptides eliciting potent myotropic effects in gut tissues. through hplc purification of brain extract of the cockroach blattella germanica, we isolated the first insect orcokinin (nfdeidrsgfns). this insect orcokinin-like peptide do not show myotropic properties in b. germanica gut tissues. gene database search using orcokinin precursor sequences of the crustacean procambarus clarkii led to putative homologues found in non-crusta ... | 2004 | 15522610 |
| integration of repellents, attractants, and insecticides in a "push-pull" strategy for managing german cockroach (dictyoptera: blattellidae) populations. | "push-pull" is a behavior manipulation strategy in which behavior-modifying stimuli are integrated with a pest control agent. we evaluated the efficacy of an insecticide bait in combination with attractants ("pull"), repellents ("push"), or both ("push-pull") using a hydramethylnon-based bait, feces-contaminated surfaces as an attractant, and methyl neodecanamide-treated surfaces to repel cockroaches. both adult males and first-instar german cockroaches, blattella germanica (l.), chose shelters ... | 2000 | 15535588 |
| gene expression and tissue distribution of the major human allergen bla g 1 in the german cockroach, blattella germanica l. (dictyoptera: blattellidae). | exposure and sensitization to cockroach allergens is an important risk factor for allergic disease in humans. despite a recent burgeoning of clinical and socioeconomic studies regarding environmental pervasiveness and human exposure to cockroach allergens, little is known about the basic biology of these proteins. the purpose of this study was to ascertain gene expression patterns and the tissue distribution of blattella germanica allergen 1 (bla g 1), a perennial indoor environmental allergen, ... | 2004 | 15535627 |
| the levels of cockroach allergen in relation to cockroach species and allergic diseases in thai patients. | recently, cockroaches have been established as the second most important allergen, producing allergic diseases, especially in low socioeconomic populations. in thailand, about 44-61% of atopic patients were positive to cockroach extract by a skin-prick test. this study examined cockroach allergen levels in relation to cockroach species and allergic diseases in the houses of cockroach-sensitive patients. sixty households of allergic patients in the bangkok metropolitan area were surveyed using op ... | 2004 | 15565948 |
| cockroaches as potential vectors of nosocomial infections. | to determine the possible role of cockroaches in the epidemiology of nosocomial infections. | 2004 | 15566034 |
| an experimental infection model for tetrameres americana (cram 1927). | an experimental infection model for the heteroecious spiruid nematode tetrameres americana (cram 1927) was developed. the cockroach blattella germanica (l.) and the locust locusta migratoria (l.) were found to serve as intermediate hosts for the parasite. t. americana larvae developed to full maturity in these intermediate hosts and were infective to young lohman brown chickens after 32 days in the cockroach and 28 days in the locust. the maximum length of the larvae was reached in the insects a ... | 2004 | 15616857 |
| cockroach allergy in a group of turkish children with respiratory allergies. | exposure to cockroach may lead to exacerbations of bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis in sensitized patients. although there is a widespread belief that cockroach allergy is a common problem in patients with respiratory allergies, little is known in turkish children. in order to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of cockroach allergy in respiratory allergic children, we performed a study in newly referred children with respiratory allergies. all patients underwent questionnair ... | 2004 | 15641269 |
| isolation of bacteria with antibiotic resistance from household cockroaches (periplaneta americana and blattella germanica). | cockroaches may harbor and disseminate microorganisms to the environment. in this study, periplaneta americana and blattella germanica were collected from 40 households in kaohsiung city and kaohsiung county, taiwan. cockroach infestation was found in 50% of the studied households and 226 cockroaches (123 p. americana and 103 b. germanica) collected by trapping. p. americana was more often found in the kitchen (70.7%) whereas b. germanica in the storage room (51.5%) and kitchen (36.9%). there wa ... | 2005 | 15716054 |
| effect of gregarina sp. parasitism on the susceptibility of blattella germanica to some control agents. | gregarines are enteric parasites of invertebrates but little is known about the negative effects of this parasitism on host species. the present study evaluates the influence of the parasitism of gregarina sp. on the survival of blattella germanica and methods for elimination of gregarine infection in laboratory rearing systems. insects were dissected and the infection was detected in 80% of a sample of 50 adults. diseased cockroaches had swollen abdomens, slower movement at high incidences of t ... | 2005 | 15955347 |
| exposure levels and skin reactivity to german cockroach (blattella germanica) in croatia. | to evaluate german cockroach (blattella germanica) allergen levels in house dust and skin reactivity to german cockroach in adult atopic and non-atopic subjects in inland areas of croatia. | 2003 | 14652891 |
| in vivo study on combined toxicity of metarhizium anisopliae (deuteromycotina: hyphomycetes) strain esc-1 with sublethal doses of chlorpyrifos, propetamphos, and cyfluthrin against german cockroach (dictyoptera: blattellidae). | the effect of metarhizium anisopliae (metschnikoff) sorokin strain esc-1 alone and in combination with sublethal doses of commercial formulations of chlorpyrifos, propetamphos and cyfluthrin on mortality of csma strain of german cockroach, blattella germanica (l.), was determined by conducting in vivo studies that included 3 bioassays. spores of m. anisopliae cultured on sday media had germination of >90%. based on bioassay 1, doses ranging from 0.5 to 300 ppm of chlorpyrifos and propetamphos, a ... | 2000 | 14658513 |
| insecticide resistance in german cockroaches (blattella germanica) from hospitals and households in taiwan. | since a high percentage of cockroach infestation has been determined in hospitals in kaohsiung, south taiwan, insecticide resistances may have developed in the cockroach populations. to determine the resistances in cohorts of german cockroach (blattella germanica) from hospitals and households to organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids, cockroaches were trapped from 30 hospitals and 30 households in this area. bioassays by topical application were then carried out on the first generation br ... | 2005 | 16025812 |
| diet-related modification of cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of the argentine ant, linepithema humile, diminishes intercolony aggression. | territorial boundaries between conspecific social insect colonies are maintained through a highly developed nestmate recognition system modulated by heritable and, in some instances, nonheritable cues. argentine ants, linepithema humile, use both genetic and environmentally derived cues to discriminate nestmates from nonnestmates. we explored the possibility that intraspecific aggression in the argentine ant might diminish when colonies shared a common diet. after segregating recently field-coll ... | 2005 | 16124254 |
| cloning and expression of trypsin-encoding cdna from blattella germanica and its possibility as an allergen. | in this study, the trypsin gene (bgtryp-1) from the german cockroach, blattella germanica, was cloned via the immunoscreening of patients with allergies to cockroaches. nucleotide sequence analysis predicted an 863 bp open reading frame which encodes for 257 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence exhibited 42-57% homology with the serine protease from dust mites, and consisted of a conserved catalytic domain (gdsggplv). bgtryp-1 was determined by both northern and southern analysis to be a ... | 2005 | 16192751 |
| carriage by the german cockroach (blattella germanica) of multiple-antibiotic-resistant bacteria that are potentially pathogenic to humans, in hospitals and households in tripoli, libya. | using standard bacteriological procedures, 403 cockroaches (blattella germanica) collected in tripoli, from hospitals or the households surrounding the hospitals, were examined for bacteria that are potentially pathogenic to humans. almost all of the cockroaches (96.1% of the 253 from hospitals and 98.7% of the 150 from households) were found to be carrying potentially pathogenic bacteria, with similar mean burdens of 3.2 x 10(5) colony-forming units (cfu) (range=0-1.4 x 10(7)) for each hospital ... | 2006 | 16417714 |
| effectiveness of education for control of house dust mites and cockroaches in seoul, korea. | we evaluated the efficacy of health education in reducing indoor arthropod allergens in seoul. the mite control measures comprised the use of mite-proof mattress and pillow coverings, regular washing of potentially infested materials, maintenance of a low humidity, removal of carpets, and frequent vacuum cleaning. cockroach control measures included trapping, application of insecticides, and protecting food. of 201 homes enrolled in october 1999, 63 volunteers were included in a 2-year follow-up ... | 2006 | 16514286 |
| mode of action of a novel nonchemical method of insect control: atmospheric pressure plasma discharge. | atmospheric pressure plasma discharge (appd) has been applied to a number of industrial applications, including the bacterial sterilization of medical equipment of bacteria. appd may also have applications in insect control. a positive correlation was found between exposure time to appd and mortality of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande); tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca (hinds); asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus (skuse); twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urti ... | 2006 | 16573321 |
| use of the skin prick test and specific immunoglobulin e for the diagnosis of cockroach allergy. | to compare the prevalence of allergy to cockroaches (blattella germanica and periplaneta americana) in asthmatic and non-asthmatic children and to determine the degree of agreement between the skin prick test and serum specific ige levels, as well as to establish the relationship between cockroach allergy and total ige levels. | 2006 | 16773176 |
| acquisition, persistence, and species susceptibility of the hz-2v virus. | hz-2v, formerly called gonad-specific virus, is known to infect the reproductive organs of both males and females of the corn earworm helicoverpa zea, rendering them agonadal or sterile. the primary mode of transmission is through mating by asymptomatic carrier moths. in this report we show that hz-2v can be acquired by first instar larvae, through feeding on virus laced diet, although the incidence of agonadal condition was significantly lower. in a laboratory study, the virus appeared to persi ... | 2006 | 16904685 |
| allergens in school settings: results of environmental assessments in 3 city school systems. | environmental allergens are major triggers for pediatric asthma. while children's greatest exposure to indoor allergens is in the home, other public places where children spend a large amount of time, such as school and day care centers, may also be sources of significant allergen encounters. the purpose of this article is to describe schoolroom allergen levels from 3 different geographic sites obtained from dust samples collected in the fall and in spring. environmental dust samples were collec ... | 2006 | 16918848 |
| [the specific ige responses to three cockroach strains antigens in patients with asthma]. | the purpose of the present study was to determine the cross-reactive allergens from three strains of cockroach (periplaneta americana, periplaneta fuliginosa and blattella germanica) by human serum specific ige (sige) in allergic asthma. | 2006 | 17074109 |
| comparative mites and cockroaches sensitization study in three cities of mexico. | in mexico there are few research papers dealing with mites and cockroaches sensibilizing in patients suffering from respiratory allergies and even less susceptibility comparative studies to the same between cities having different climatic and geographic characteristics. | 2008 | 19157220 |
| cord blood cytokines and acute lower respiratory illnesses in the first year of life. | little is known about the relation between cytokine profile at birth and acute lower respiratory illnesses in the first year of life. the purpose of this work was to examine the relation between cytokine secretions by cord blood mononuclear cells and acute lower respiratory illness in a birth cohort of 297 children. | 2007 | 17145902 |
| [synantropic cockroaches (blattella germanica l.) in hospital environment--microbiological hazard for patients and hospital infections risk assessment]. | the aim of our study was to determine what a hazard for patients creates the presence of cockroaches in hospital environment. | 2006 | 17249187 |
| expression and characterization of a sigma-class glutathione s-transferase of the fall webworm, hyphantria cunea. | a cdna encoding glutathione s-transferase (gst) of the fall webworm, hyphantria cunea, was cloned by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. the resulting clone (hcgst) was sequenced and deduced for amino acid sequence, which revealed 87, 59, and 42% identities to sigma-class gsts from bombyx mori, manduca sexta, and blattella germanica respectively. a recombinant hcgst protein (rhcgst) was functionally overexpressed in escherichia coli cells in a soluble form and purified to homogeneit ... | 2007 | 17284839 |
| purification and cloning of a delta class glutathione s-transferase displaying high peroxidase activity isolated from the german cockroach blattella germanica. | a highly active glutathione s-transferase was purified from adult german cockroaches, blattella germanica. the purified enzyme appeared as a single band of 24 kda by sds/page, and had a different electrophoretic mobility than, a previously identified sigma class glutathione s-transferase (bla g 5). kinetic study of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene conjugation revealed a high catalytic rate but common substrate-binding and cosubstrate-binding affinities, with v(max), k(cat), k(m) for 1-chloro-2,4-dini ... | 2007 | 17331184 |
| allergenicity of the madagascar hissing cockroach. | the madagascar hissing cockroach (gromphadorhina portentosa) has become popular as a pet and as an educational tool in classrooms, zoos, and museums. | 2007 | 17378257 |
| [indoor allergen sensitization profile in allergic patients of the allergy clinic in the university hospital in uberlândia, brazil]. | to evaluate allergens among patients with allergic respiratory disease attended at the allergy clinic of the university hospital-federal university of uberlândia. | 2007 | 17420889 |
| intraspecific variation and population structure of the german cockroach, blattella germanica, revealed with rflp analysis of the non-transcribed spacer region of ribosomal dna. | little information is available on genetic variation within and between populations of pest cockroaches. in this study, intraspecific hindiii polymorphism was investigated in the german cockroach, blattella germanica (linnaeus) (dictyoptera, blattaria: blattellidae), using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) of the non-transcribed spacer (nts) region of ribosomal dna (rdna). individual male insects were collected from infestations at three different pig farms. each population was ch ... | 2007 | 17550432 |
| bacterial, fungal and parasitic contamination of cockroaches in public hospitals of hamadan, iran. | to determine the possible role of cockroaches in dissemination of medically important microorganisms, a study was carried out in public hospitals and residential areas of hamadan city, west of iran. bacteria, fungi and parasites of medical importance were isolated and identified. the total number of blattella germanica collected from hospitals were 133 as the case group. the cockroaches collected from residential areas were 45 as the control group. | 2007 | 17722863 |
| repellent activity of essential oils against cockroaches (dictyoptera: blattidae, blattellidae, and blaberidae) in thailand. | seven commercial essential oils extracted from the plant species boesenbergia rotunda (l.) mansf., citrus hystrix dc., curcuma longa l., litsea cubeba (lour.) pers., piper nigrum l., psidium guajava l. and zingiber officinale roscoe, and naphthalene as a control, were evaluated for repellent activity against the three cockroach species periplaneta americana (l.), blattella germanica (l.) and neostylopyga rhombifolia (stoll) under laboratory conditions. the essential oil derived from citrus hystr ... | 2007 | 17883004 |
| modeling population dynamics of two cockroach species: effects of the circadian clock, interspecific competition and pest control. | the german cockroach blattella germanica is obviously one of the most spread household pests in the world, and is now virtually impossible to sustain outside human constructions. the double-striped cockroach b. bisignata, on the other hand, is limited to southeast asia and mostly living in the open space, yet is able to establish in cockroach-free households, too. in this article, we develop a stage-structured population model of these two species to explore (i) whether their circadian clocks im ... | 2007 | 17904163 |
| expression, production and excretion of bla g 1, a major human allergen, in relation to food intake in the german cockroach, blattella germanica. | the german cockroach, blattella germanica (linnaeus) (dictyoptera: blattellidae), produces several potent human allergens, one of which, blattella germanica allergen 1 (bla g 1), is produced in the midgut and excreted in faeces. we tested with descriptive and experimental approaches the hypothesis that bla g 1 production is related to food intake in adult males and females of the german cockroach. bla g 1 mrna expression in the female midgut (assayed by real time quantitative polymerase chain re ... | 2005 | 15958021 |
| tissue damage after acute intoxication by polychlorinated biphenyls in cockroaches. | it is common knowledge that polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) represent a serious threat to the health of both vertebrates and invertebrates. as far as the former are concerned, especially as regards human beings, a broad literature describes the direct and indirect effects induced by the pcbs on their systems and organs. among invertebrates, the information available is mostly related to arthropods and is, however, very scarce. the aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of polychlorinated ... | 2005 | 15967747 |
| identification of cuticular lipids eliciting interspecific courtship in the german cockroach, blattella germanica. | the cuticular surface of sexually mature females of the german cockroach contains a sex pheromone that, upon contact with the male's antennae, elicits a characteristic species-specific courtship behavior. this female-specific pheromone is a blend of several long-chain methyl ketones, alcohols and aldehydes, all derived from prominent cuticular hydrocarbons found in all life stages of this cockroach. we found that contact with the antennae of 5 out of 20 assayed cockroach species elicited courtsh ... | 2008 | 18183359 |
| prevalence and predictors of residential health hazards: a pilot study. | this article reports the results of a pilot study designed to ascertain the prevalence of lead-based paint (lbp), vermin, mold, and safety conditions and hazards and to validate observations and self-reports against environmental sampling data. data are based on a convenience sample of 70 dwellings in a low-income, urban neighborhood in brooklyn, new york. the vast majority of residences (96%) contained multiple conditions and/or hazards: lbp hazards (80%), vermin (79%), elevated levels of airbo ... | 2005 | 16020089 |
| surveillance study of vector species on board passenger ships, risk factors related to infestations. | passenger ships provide conditions suitable for the survival and growth of pest populations. arthropods and rodents can gain access directly from the ships' open spaces, can be carried in shiploads, or can be found on humans or animals as ectoparasites. vectors on board ships may contaminate stored foods, transmit illness on board, or, introduce diseases in new areas. pest species, ship areas facilitating infestations, and different risk factors related to infestations were identified in 21 ferr ... | 2008 | 18371217 |
| effects of temperature and molecular oxygen on the use of atmospheric pressure plasma as a novel method for insect control. | helium atmospheric pressure plasma discharge (appd) was previously shown to have insecticidal activity with a possible site of action on the insect nervous, neuromuscular system, or both. in the current study, methods to increase the insecticidal activity of plasma by using increased appd temperature and the introduction of molecular oxygen were investigated for the first time. an increase in the helium plasma temperature from 37 to 50 degrees c increased the insecticidal activity of plasma for ... | 2008 | 18459392 |
| cockroach infestation on seagoing ships. | cockroaches are detected ashore worldwide. at present, little is known about cockroach infestation on ships. the authors' objective in this study was to assess the current prevalence of cockroach infestation on seagoing vessels. in august 2005, port officials investigated cockroach infestation on 59 ships in hamburg's port via standardized procedures (ie, illuminating hiding places and using pyrethrum spray). about 3 minutes after illumination or chemical provocation, the inspectors counted the ... | 2008 | 18479998 |
| cockroaches as carriers of human intestinal parasites in two localities in ethiopia. | a study was undertaken to assess the role of cockroaches as potential carriers of human intestinal parasites in addis ababa and ziway, ethiopia. a total of 6480 cockroaches were trapped from the two localities from october 2006 to march 2007. all the cockroaches trapped in addis ababa (n=2240) and almost 50% (2100/4240) of those trapped in ziway were identified as blattella germanica. the rest of the cockroaches trapped in ziway were identified as periplaneta brunnea (24.52%), pycnoscelus surina ... | 2008 | 18579170 |
| ability of bed bug-detecting canines to locate live bed bugs and viable bed bug eggs. | the bed bug, cimex lectularius l., like other bed bug species, is difficult to visually locate because it is cryptic. detector dogs are useful for locating bed bugs because they use olfaction rather than vision. dogs were trained to detect the bed bug (as few as one adult male or female) and viable bed bug eggs (five, collected 5-6 d after feeding) by using a modified food and verbal reward system. their efficacy was tested with bed bugs and viable bed bug eggs placed in vented polyvinyl chlorid ... | 2008 | 18767752 |
| neuropeptides associated with the regulation of feeding in insects. | the stomatogastric nervous system plays a pivotal role in feeding behaviour. central to this system is the frontal ganglion, which is responsible for foregut motor activity, and hence the passage of food through the gut. many insect peptides, which exhibit myoactivity on the visceral muscles of the gut in vitro, have been detected in the stomatogastric nervous system by immunochemical or mass spectrometric techniques. this localisation of myoactive peptides, particularly in the frontal ganglion, ... | 2009 | 18775723 |
| a survey on species and prevalence rate of bacterial agents isolated from cockroaches in three hospitals. | the presence of cockroaches has health implications, such as nosocomial infection, as the insects move freely from areas within and around hospitals that may harbor pathogenic organisms. the goals of the present study were to determine species of bacteria isolated from cockroaches found in three tehran hospitals, and to determine distribution of potential vectors by species and sex. the study is descriptive laboratory research. a total of 305 cockroaches from three species were trapped and ident ... | 2009 | 18973441 |
| blattabacteria, the endosymbionts of cockroaches, have small genome sizes and high genome copy numbers. | blattabacteria are intracellular endosymbionts of cockroaches and primitive termites that belong to the class flavobacteria and live only in specialized cells in the abdominal fat body of their hosts. in the present study we determined genome sizes as well as genome copy numbers for the endosymbionts of three cockroach species, blattella germanica, periplaneta americana and blatta orientalis. the sole presence of blattabacteria in the fat body was demonstrated by rrna-targeting techniques. the g ... | 2008 | 19025557 |
| [aeroallergen spectrum of 387 patients with allergic rhinitis in changsha area]. | to investigate aeroallergen spectrum of patients with allergic rhinitis in changsha area and analyze its related factors. | 2008 | 19086661 |
| a multicentre study assessing the prevalence of sensitizations in patients with asthma and/or rhinitis in china. | the prevalence of sensitization in patients with asthma and rhinitis in mainland china remains unclear. | 2009 | 19210346 |
| ige binding reactivity of peptide fragments of bla g 4, a major german cockroach allergen. | cockroaches have been recognized as a major cause of asthma. bla g 4 is one of the most important german cockroach allergens. the aim of this study is to investigate ige reactivity to the recombinant bla g 4 (rbla g 4) in the sera of allergic patients and identify linear ige binding epitope. for protein expression, full-length bla g 4 (ef202172) was divided into 5 overlapping peptide fragments (e1: aa 1-100, e2: aa 34-77, e3: aa 74-117, e4: aa 114-156, and e5: aa 153-182). the full-length and 5 ... | 2009 | 19290089 |
| plant extracts, isolated phytochemicals, and plant-derived agents which are lethal to arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases--a review. | the recent scientific literature on plant-derived agents with potential or effective use in the control of the arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases is reviewed. arthropod-borne tropical diseases include: amebiasis, chagas disease (american trypanosomiasis), cholera, cryptosporidiosis, dengue (hemorrhagic fever), epidemic typhus (brill-zinsser disease), filariasis (elephantiasis), giardia (giardiasis), human african trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), isosporiasis, leishmaniasis, lyme di ... | 2011 | 21432748 |
| role of the sixth transmembrane segment of domain iv of the cockroach sodium channel in the action of sodium channel blocker insecticides. | sodium channel blocker insecticides (scbis), such as indoxacarb and metaflumizone, are a new class of insecticides with a mechanism of action different from those of other insecticides that target sodium channels. scbis block sodium channels in a manner similar to local anesthetics (las) such as lidocaine. several residues, particularly f1579 and y1586, in the sixth transmembrane segment (s6) of domain iv (iv) of rat na(v)1.4 sodium channels are required for the action of las and scbis and may f ... | 2009 | 19443036 |
| effect of environmental allergen sensitization on asthma morbidity in inner-city asthmatic children. | asthma causes significant morbidity in children, and studies have demonstrated that environmental allergies contribute to increased asthma morbidity. | 2009 | 19489919 |