| fecundity of sealworm (pseudoterranova decipiens) infecting grey seals (halichoerus grypus) in the gulf of st. lawrence, canada: lack of density-dependent effects. | uterine egg counts were determined by means of an electronic particle counter in individual female sealworm, pseudoterranova decipiens (nematoda: ascaridoidea: anisakidae) collected from grey seals (halichoerus grypus) from anticosti island, northern gulf of st. lawrence, in august and september 1992. mean number of eggs per female was 54,916.9 (+/- 51,866.4), with a maximum of 300,000. egg counts were strongly correlated with worm length, and less so with host sex and age, sealworm sex ratio, a ... | 1997 | 9421731 |
| some factors which influence the in vitro maintenance of anisakis simplex (nematoda). | several culture media as well as some factors that may affect the in vitro development of the nematode anisakis simplex rudolphi, 1809 have been studied. after testing six media and four temperatures, the conditions for the in vitro culture selected were as follows: rpmi-1640 + 20% (v/v) heat-inactived fetal bovine serum or meyer's m3 (without agar) media, at 37 degrees c, under 5% co2 in air atmosphere, and renewal of the medium twice a week. the average survival rates of the larvae were signif ... | 1997 | 9437844 |
| parasites of fish and risks to public health. | a multitude of parasites have been reported in fish, but only a few species are capable of infecting humans. the most important of the helminths acquired by humans from fish are the anisakid nematodes (particularly anisakis simplex and pseudoterranova decipiens), cestodes of the genus diphyllobothrium and digenetic trematodes of the families heterophyidae, opisthorchiidae and nanophyetidae. seafood-associated infections by acanthocephalans are rarely reported in humans. all of the helminths ment ... | 1997 | 9501379 |
| anisakis, anisakiasis and ige-mediated immunity to anisakis simplex. | anisakis simplex is a common parasite in fish and cephalopods and is not only capable of causing anisakiasis in humans through visceral invasion of the third-stage larvae but can also cause anaphylactic reactions, as has recently been demonstrated. we present the clinical case of a 56-year-old man who initially presented anaphylactic reactions related to eating fish. shortly afterwards, he began to experience self-limiting recurrences of very intense epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting. skin te ... | 1998 | 9555622 |
| distribution of whaleworm (anisakis simplex, nematoda, ascaridoidea) l3 larvae in three species of marine fish; saithe (pollachius virens (l.)), cod (gadus morhua l.) and redfish (sebastes marinus (l.)) from norwegian waters. | the frequency distribution of anisakis simplex l3 larvae between host tissues was investigated in three host species: saithe, cod and redfish. fish were sampled from norwegian coastal waters and examined for the presence of a. simplex in muscle and viscera. in all three of the host species, a. simplex larvae were most frequently detected in the viscera; the percentages of total infection for saithe, cod and redfish were 99.6%, 97.8% and 88.0%, respectively. in general, the distribution patterns ... | 1998 | 9569092 |
| allergenic cross-reactivity between third stage larvae of hysterothylacium aduncum and anisakis simplex. | | 1998 | 9580257 |
| [anisakiasis at the ileal level]. | two cases of ileal anisakiasis are presented here. symptoms were compatible with appendicitis. either of them were operated on, the both were found and ileal tumour. damage zone was removed. pathological examination of piece showed us anisakis simplex larva set in the mucosa. the evolution of patients had no complications, currently they are asymptomatic. both of them had eaten uncooked anchovy some days before. anisakiasis cases are quite strange in spain. there was only seven cases of anisakia ... | 1998 | 9580439 |
| rheumatic manifestations in the course of anaphylaxis caused by anisakis simplex. | human anisakidosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larvae of anisakis simplex. classical clinical manifestations include epigastric pain, occlusion, diffuse abdominal pain, appendicitis, and anaphylactoid reactions. arthralgias or arthritis have been infrequently reported. we present three patients with proven hypersensitivity to a. simplex together with rheumatologic complaints after ingestion of parasitized fishes. a. simplex must be considered in the differential diagnosis of arthralgi ... | 1998 | 9631754 |
| anisakis simplex: mutational bursts in the reactive site centers of serine protease inhibitors from an ascarid nematode. | | 1998 | 9635450 |
| incidence of ascaridoid larvae in kuwaiti food fishes. | three hundred and six fish of 83 species were carefully examined in kuwait during the period from october 1992 to september 1995 for ascaridoid larvae. thirty-nine fishes (12.7%) belonging to 23 species were infected with 9 types of ascaridoid third-stage larvae: anisakis simplex, terranva spp, contracaecum spp and 6 different types of hysterothylacium spp (ka-kf). hysterothylacium larvae (including all types) were found in all the infected fish except one (94.6%); terranova larvae were found in ... | 1997 | 9656371 |
| macroparasites in cetaceans stranded on the northwestern spanish atlantic coast. | an extensive parasitological survey was carried out during autopsy of 80 cetaceans representing 8 species within 4 families (delphinus delphis, stenella coeruleoalba, tursiops truncatus, grampus griseus, globicephala melas, kogia breviceps, phocoena phocoena and megaptera novaeangliae) collected on the northwestern spanish atlantic coast from february 1991 to october 1996. two species of tetraphyllidean cestodes (phyllobothrium delphini and monorygma grimaldii), 2 ascaridoid nematodes (anisakis ... | 1998 | 9676247 |
| long-term recording of gastric ulcers in cetaceans stranded on the galician (nw spain) coast. | long-term (1990-1996) results of recording gastric ulcers in the common dolphin are presented for the nw spanish atlantic coast. the occurrence and abundance of cetacean carcasses (belonging to 10 species) with gastric ulcers are also given and discussed. ulcerations were detected in 17.2% of the animals examined, with 15% for common dolphins and 0 to 29.4% in other cetacean species. a positive relation was noted between ulcer counts and length and maturity of delphinus delphis. clusters of the ... | 1998 | 9676261 |
| occupational conjunctivitis caused by sensitization to anisakis simplex. | | 1998 | 9723684 |
| identification, characterization and expression of toxocara canis nematode polyprotein allergen tba-1. | we have cloned the cdna of tba-1, the nematode polyprotein allergen (npa) of toxocara canis and found it to be most similar to aba-1, the ascaris npa, on the basis of amino acid sequence. we could study the antigenic properties of an e-coli synthesized fusion protein prepared with the cloned gene since no glycosylation site was expected from the deduced amino acid sequence. although no ige responses to tba-1 were detected, recombinant tba-1 was differently recognized by serum igg antibodies when ... | 1998 | 9767600 |
| parasites and related pathological lesions in the gastrointestinal tract of a seal (phoka vitulina linnaeus). | an immature seal, about one-year-old, died a natural death. at autopsy, a large number of contracaecum osculatum and pseudoterranova decipiens, as well as some of anisakis simplex were found in the stomach together with numerous corynosoma strumosum in the small intestine and colon. histopathological examination revealed epithelial desquamation, congestion and hemorrhage in the mucosa. there were cellular infiltration and fibroplasia around the nematodes, collapsed nematodes and molted nematode ... | 1998 | 9795905 |
| [allergy to anisakis simplex. report of 2 cases and review of the literature]. | anisakis simplex is a nematode which parasitizes mainly fish and cephalopods and accidentally human beings after ingestion. apart from the different digestive syndromes, this organism has recently been involved as cause of ige-mediated allergic reactions of variable degree (urticaria to severe angioedema). in this report three patients with the diagnosis of allergy to anisakis simplex are reported and a review of the literature is made. | 1998 | 9803780 |
| occupational asthma by anisakis simplex. | no cases of occupational asthma caused by the inhalation of antigens from anisakis simplex have been published. | 1998 | 9819301 |
| gastric anisakiasis: an underestimated cause of acute urticaria and angio-oedema? | acute urticaria and angio-oedema are common in primary care and in the emergency unit. food allergy is one possible cause. we describe gastric anisakiasis, in which symptoms are often not obviously related to eating raw fish. a study was made of patients presenting at the emergency department who had allergic symptoms such as urticaria or angio-oedema and had recently eaten raw or undercooked fish. they were divided into two groups. patients in group a (n = 13) also had abdominal symptoms and we ... | 1998 | 9892948 |
| isotype-specific immune responses in murine experimental anisakiasis. | a murine experimental model of anisakiasis has been developed in balb/c and c57bl/10 mice orally inoculated with an anisakis simplex living third stage larva (l3) in order to investigate isotype-specific immune responses against excretory-secretory (es) products and crude extracts (ce) from l3. specific antibody production showed similar patterns against both es and ce antigens with higher levels against the latter. the dynamics of the production showed the earliest responses in balb/c, in which ... | 1998 | 9916551 |
| characterisation of anisakid nematodes with zoonotic potential by nuclear ribosomal dna sequences. | larvae of three species of anisakid nematode from fish, anisakis simplex, hysterothylacium aduncum and contracaecum osculatum, were characterised genetically using a molecular approach. the nuclear ribosomal dna region spanning the first internal transcribed spacer, the 5.8s gene and the second internal transcribed spacer was amplified and sequenced. the lengths of the first and second internal transcribed spacer sequences of the three species ranged from 392 to 449 bp and 262 to 347 bp, respect ... | 1998 | 9925272 |
| eosinophilic gastroenteritis and anisakis. | the differential diagnosis of eosinophilic gastroenteritis (eg) includes, among other diseases, parasitic infections such as anisakiasis, which has acquired worldwide importance. | 1998 | 9930590 |
| [hypersensitivity to anisakis simplex: apropos of 36 cases]. | the authors report a group of 36 cases of hypersensitivity to anisakis simplex, a fish parasite. they examined 11 boys and 25 girls who attended the allergy service of the central hospital marques of valdecilla in santander (spain), between 12th may 1997 and 26th june 1998, for history of acute urticaria, most often after an aggravation of an allergic pathology. all were given an immunological examination that was composed of: food investigation, prick test, measurement of total and specific ige ... | 1999 | 10070595 |
| effects of anisakis simplex on nitric oxide production in j774 macrophages. | since nitric oxide (no) was recognized as a potent microbicidal agent, its role in host defence against intracellular parasites has been widely demonstrated. recent evidence suggests a role for no in combating extracellular and multicellular pathogens. this defence activity has been demonstrated toward the larvae of schistosoma mansoni, microfilariae of onchocerca linealis, several stages of brugia malayi and protoscoleces of echinococcus multilocularis. many parasites suppress th1 lymphocytes a ... | 1998 | 10225390 |
| anisakidae larval infection in fish fillets sold in belgium. | fish fillets (n = 1760) sold on the belgium market were examined for anisakidae larval infection. seven sea fish species were examined by means of the candling technique over a period of 4 months, from november 1996 to february 1997. third-stage larvae of anisakis simplex and pseudoterranova decipiens were identified. a. simplex was the most abundant species with a prevalence of 84.5%, and was found in 192 of the examined fillets (10.9%). pollock (pollachius pollachius) was the most heavily infe ... | 1999 | 10321017 |
| anti-anisakis antibodies in the clinical course of crohn's disease. | human anisakidosis is a parasitic disease whose intestinal form shares several characterictics with crohn's disease (cd), like the ileocolonic location predominantly and the presence of granuloma. | 1999 | 10343141 |
| analysis of the antigenicity in mice of biotinyl enzymes from anisakis simplex and other nematodes. | we analyzed the antigenicity of biotinyl enzymes contained in somatic extracts from anisakis simplex and other parasite nematodes and show in this report that these molecules are an important source of cross-reactivity problems among these nematodes. cross-reactivity was most pronounced among members of the superfamily ascaridoidea. these results suggest that the presence of biotinyl enzymes in whole somatic extracts of a. simplex and other parasites may make serodiagnostic assays based on this ... | 1999 | 10344536 |
| dietary assessment in five cases of allergic reactions due to gastroallergic anisakiasis. | anisakis simplex can cause allergic reactions in sensitized patients. some of these reactions are related to acute parasitism, as is shown in gastroallergic anisakiasis (anisakiasis with digestive and predominantly allergic symptoms). at present, a nonseafood diet is recommended for all patients with any kind of a. simplex allergy. we wished to confirm the clinical suspicion that patients with allergic symptoms after ingestion of raw or undercooked seafood who are sensitized to a. simplex, and d ... | 1999 | 10380786 |
| survival of anisakis simplex in microwave-processed arrowtooth flounder (atheresthes stomias). | the purpose of this study was to define the relationship between survival and temperature of nematodes of the species anisakis simplex in microwave-processed arrowtooth flounder (atheresthes stomias). ten fillets (each 126 to 467 g, 0.5 to 1.75 cm thick), with an average of five larvae of anisakis simplex per fillet, were processed to target temperatures on high (100%) power using a commercial 700-w microwave oven. fillets were neither covered nor rotated and had a temperature probe inserted to ... | 1999 | 10419216 |
| asymptomatic gastroduodenal anisakiasis as the cause of anaphylaxis. | a great number of parasites have been reported in fish, but only a few of them are capable of infecting human beings. anisakiasis or anisakidosis is caused by sea nematodes of the genus anisakis, with the main implicated species being anisakis simplex. infection with anisakis causes a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from symptoms related to the upper and occasionally lower digestive tract to allergic manifestations, mainly urticaria and anaphylaxis. we report a case of asymptom ... | 1999 | 10445801 |
| human immunoglobulin isotype profiles produced in response to antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies specific to anisakis simplex. | anisakis simplex is a medically important pathogen which not only causes anisakiasis but may provoke allergy reactions, ranging from mild urticaria to anaphylactic shock. | 1999 | 10457114 |
| usefulness of early serial measurement of specific and total immunoglobulin e in the diagnosis of gastro-allergic anisakiasis. | sensitization to anisakis simplex (a. simplex) has been documented to produce severe allergic reactions following ingestion of mainly raw or under-cooked parasitized fish. false positive skin prick tests (spt) or specific ige against this nematode and cross-reactivity restricts diagnosis. gastric anisakiasis and gastro-allergic anisakiasis occur if fish is parasitized by live a. simplex | 1999 | 10469036 |
| expression and characterization of elastase inhibitors from the ascarid nematodes anisakis simplex and ascaris suum. | two elastase inhibitors, aspi-1 and aspi-2, from the parasitic nematode anisakis simplex, have been isolated and characterized. because these inhibitors are similar in size (60 amino acids in length) and primary sequence (52 and 47% identical) to the ascaris suum chymotrypsin/elastase inhibitor-1 (asc/e-1), we suggest that these anisakis elastase inhibitors belong to the same unique class of canonical inhibitors formed by the family of ascaris inhibitors (huang k, strynadka ncj, bernard vd, pean ... | 1999 | 10477178 |
| immunopathogenesis of human gastrointestinal infection by anisakis simplex. | anisakis simplex is a parasite of fish, and in the case of human infestation, it should be considered as a possible cause of gastrointestinal disease, especially in countries where raw or undercooked fish is a frequent food. clinical features of anisakiasis may simulate acute abdominal pain, such as that found in patients with gastric ulcers, appendicitis, and crohn's disease. furthermore, many cases of anisakiasis are diagnosed as eosinophilic gastroenteritis, which is a broad term for a specif ... | 1999 | 10482840 |
| metazoan parasites of the jack mackerel trachurus murphyi (teleostei, carangidae) in a latitudinal gradient from south america (chile and peru). | the metazoa parasite fauna of the jack mackerel trachurus murphyi nichols 1920, obtained from seven ports from a latitudinal gradient of more than 30 degrees (from paita peru: 05 degrees 10' s to talcahuano, chile 36 degrees 40' s) was quantitatively described. 21 species of metazoan parasites were recorded (monogenea 4, digenea 3, cestoda 5, acanthocephala 2, nematoda 4, copepoda 2, isopoda 1). only four parasites (lernanthropus trachuri, ceratothoa gaudichaudii, corynosoma australis, anisakis ... | 1999 | 10511970 |
| acute intestinal anisakiasis in spain: a fourth-stage anisakis simplex larva. | a case of acute intestinal anisakiasis has been reported; a nematode larva being found in the submucosa of the ileum of a woman in jaén (spain). the source of infection was the ingestion of raw engraulis encrasicholus. on the basis of its morphology, the worm has been identified as a fourth-stage larva of anisakis simplex. in spain, this is the ninth report of human anisakiasis and also probably the first case of anisakiasis caused by a fourth-stage larva of a. simplex. | 1999 | 10585662 |
| gastroallergic anisakiasis: borderline between food allergy and parasitic disease-clinical and allergologic evaluation of 20 patients with confirmed acute parasitism by anisakis simplex. | human subjects can be parasitized by anisakis simplex by eating raw or undercooked fish. gastric anisakiasis is probably the most frequent clinical entity presenting with severe epigastric pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. in gastroallergic anisakiasis hypersensitivity symptoms predominate. | 2000 | 10629469 |
| trichuris suis: a secretory serine protease inhibitor. | a trypsin inhibitor was identified in extracts of adult trichuris suis and culture fluids from 24-h in vitro cultivation of adult parasites. the inhibitor was isolated by acid precipitation, affinity chromatography (trypsin-agarose), and reverse phase hplc as a single polypeptide with a molecular weight estimated at 6.6 kda by laser desorption mass spectrometry. the purified inhibitor associated strongly with trypsin (equilibrium dissociation inhibitory constant (k(j)) of 3.07 nm) and chymotryps ... | 2000 | 10631074 |
| association of hypersensitivity to the nematode anisakis simplex with hla class ii drb1*1502-dqb1*0601 haplotype. | anisakiasis as well as allergic and anaphylactoid reactions to anisakis simplex antigens are recently identified clinical entities. they are relatively frequent in countries with habitual raw food consumption, often in the form of large amounts of fish and sea food products. in this communication the relationship between hla class ii alleles and the ige-specific immune response to a. simplex allergen was studied in a defined population in northern spain. individuals with immediate-type anisakis ... | 2000 | 10689122 |
| genetic markers in ribosomal dna for the identification of members of the genus anisakis (nematoda: ascaridoidea) defined by polymerase-chain-reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism. | polymerase-chain-reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed to establish genetic markers in rdna, for the identification of the three sibling species of the anisakis simplex complex and morphologically differentiated anisakis species, i.e. anisakis physeteris, anisakis schupakovi, anisakis typica and anisakis ziphidarum. different restriction patterns were found between a. simplex sensu stricto and anisakis pegreffii with two of the restriction endonucleases u ... | 2000 | 10704605 |
| o-glycans as a source of cross-reactivity in determinations of human serum antibodies to anisakis simplex antigens. | anisakis simplex is a seafood-borne parasite that may both infect humans and cause allergy. serodiagnosis of anisakiasis and allergy caused by this nematode is difficult since most anisakis antigens show cross-reactivity problems. | 2000 | 10718853 |
| [study of 13 cases of anisakiasis in the province of cordoba]. | anisakiasis, or anisakidosis, is a parasitic zoonosis due to the infestation by nematodes of the anisakidae family, mainly by anisakis simplex. notwithstanding its world wide distribution, in our country its appearance is quite recent (1991) with only 19 cases previously reported. we refer 13 cases diagnosed in different hospitals in the province of córdoba, spain, from september 1994 to july 1998 which represents the biggest series described in spain so far. all the patients had a clinical onse ... | 2000 | 10738724 |
| digestive haemorrhage in patients with anti-anisakis antibodies. | anisakis simplex parasite causes anisakidosis, a disease that often mimics other gastrointestinal diseases such as peritonitis, appendicitis, crohn's disease, ulcer, etc. patients with digestive haemorrhage caused by ulcers, varices or mallory syndrome were analysed for antibodies to the worm a. simplex. | 2000 | 10750655 |
| eosinophilic gastritis due to anisakis: a case report. | the parasite anisakis simplex is a helminth included in the nematode class. when man eats raw or rare fish and cephalopods infested by anisakis larvae, he can acquire the parasitic disease (anisakidosis). the parasite can also originate manifestations of immediate ige mediated hypersensitivity in patients with sensitisation to it. | 2000 | 10757855 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of an ige-reactive protein from anisakis simplex: ani s 1. | ingestion of the parasitic nematode anisakis simplex in undercooked fish can cause severe allergic reactions in some individuals. using pooled human sera from sensitized patients we have probed an expression library for a. simplex antigens. one positive clone was found to encode a full length 21 kda protein with strong homology to nematode troponins. the recombinant protein was expressed as a gst-fusion protein and found by immunoblot analysis to react with sera from 20% of allergic patients. th ... | 2000 | 10779602 |
| gastrointestinal infection due to anisakis simplex in southern italy. | the authors present four cases of infection due to anisakis in an area where people are prone to infectious diseases transmitted by raw fish, but in which the presence of this parasite has never been reported. three of four cases were discovered accidently during surgical procedures for co-existing abdominal pathologies. raw fish was apparently not involved in all patients. characteristics of the patients are discussed. | 2000 | 10780346 |
| incidence of sensitivity to anisakis simplex in a risk population of fishermen/fishmongers. | anisakis simplex, a fish and cephalopodes parasite, can cause either gastrointestinal symptoms or allergic reactions in humans on eating/handling contaminated fish. | 2000 | 10795653 |
| anisakis simplex: a cause of intestinal pseudo-obstruction. | the ingestion of anisakis simplex larvae may lead to the appearance of gastrointestinal symptoms. however, the number of reported cases of parasitization by anisakis in spain is lower than would be expected in a country with the second-highest fish consumption per inhabitant in the world, particularly since fish is often eaten raw or only slightly cooked. we suggest that the incidence of anisakiasis in spain would be higher if complementary studies were used in all patients suspected of having a ... | 2000 | 10799943 |
| what does anisakis simplex parasitism in gastro-allergic anisakiasis teach us about interpreting specific and total ige values? | gastro-allergic anisakiasis is a mostly transitory clinical entity caused by anisakis simplex (a. simplex) and can be suspected by history and confirmed by fiberoptic gastroscopy and specific ige. | 2000 | 10804096 |
| cloning and high level expression in escherichia coli of an anisakis simplex tropomyosin isoform. | | 2000 | 10838230 |
| gastroallergic anisakiasis: findings in 22 patients. | ingestion of anisakidae larvae in raw seafood may cause anisakiasis. however, despite the high level of consumption of seafood in spain, only a few cases of anisakiasis have been reported until now. anisakis simplex can cause allergic reactions in sensitized patients as a result of its parasitism in the gastrointestinal tract. the purpose of this study was to analyse the clinical findings in 22 patients with gastroallergic anisakiasis. | 2000 | 10847436 |
| a double-blind, placebo-controlled oral challenge study with lyophilized larvae and antigen of the fish parasite, anisakis simplex. | the third-stage larvae of anisakis simplex may be a hidden source of allergens in fish. the objective was to determine whether the ingestion of lyophilized a. simplex larvae, or antigen, induces clinical symptoms in a group of a. simplex-sensitized patients. | 2000 | 10858988 |
| unusual sensitization to anisakis simplex. | | 2000 | 10858998 |
| trichuris suis: a secretory chymotrypsin/elastase inhibitor with potential as an immunomodulator. | a serine protease inhibitor, termed tscei, was purified from adult-stage trichuris suis by acid precipitation, affinity chromatography (elastase-agarose), and reverse-phase hplc. the molecular weight of tscei was estimated at 6.437 kda by laser desorption mass spectrometry. tscei potently inhibited both chymotrypsin (k(i) = 33.4 pm) and pancreatic elastase (k(i) = 8.32 nm). neutrophil elastase, chymase (mouse mast cell protease-1, mmcp-1), and cathepsin g were also inhibited by tscei, whereas tr ... | 2000 | 10864516 |
| specific and total ige in patients with recurrent, acute urticaria caused by anisakis simplex. | titres of parasite-specific ige were investigated in 19 patients thought to have recurrent, acute urticaria caused by sensitization to anisakis simplex (dujardin, 1845), before and after they were placed on a fish-free diet. patients with other allergic disease and those being treated with corticosteroids or antihistaminics were excluded. skin-prick tests were carried out with a. simplex extract, and blue- and white-fish extracts. the cap system (pharmacia), a commercial test kit developed for t ... | 2000 | 10884871 |
| isolation and characterization of a major allergen from the fish parasite anisakis simplex. | ingestion of raw or undercooked fish can lead to infection of human subjects by the fish parasite anisakis simplex, a disease known as anisakiasis or anisakidosis. patients sensitized to this fish parasite show high levels of total and specific ige. cross-reactions seem to explain the fact that specific ige antibodies are also found in a high number of normal subjects, as reported in other parasitoses. | 2000 | 10887322 |
| purification and cloning of an apoptosis-inducing protein derived from fish infected with anisakis simplex, a causative nematode of human anisakiasis. | while investigating the effect of marine products on cell growth, we found that visceral extracts of chub mackerel, an ocean fish, had a powerful and dose-dependent apoptosis-inducing effect on a variety of mammalian tumor cells. this activity was strikingly dependent on infection of the c. mackerel with the larval nematode, anisakis simplex. after purification of the protein responsible for the apoptosis-inducing activity, we cloned the corresponding gene and found it to be a flavoprotein. this ... | 2000 | 10903755 |
| usefulness of currently available methods for the diagnosis of anisakis simplex allergy. | serodiagnosis of anisakiosis and anisakis allergy is difficult since many anisakis antigens show cross-reactivity complications. in the present study, we assess the usefulness of the major immunologic methods currently available for the diagnosis of anisakis allergy. | 2000 | 10921461 |
| distribution of anisakis simplex in fish caught in the ligurian sea. | a total of 822 individuals of 5 fish species were sampled in the western coastal area of the mediterranean sea and examined for the presence of anisakis simplex larvae in the body cavity, muscle, and viscera. a. simplex mean intensity (mi) and prevalence (pr) values were very high in the common scad (trachurus trachurus; pr 80-100%, mi 19.3-36.8) and the blue scad (t. picturatus; pr 80-100%, mi 18.2-70.7), moderate in the blue whiting (micromesistius poutassou), and low in the red mullet (mullus ... | 2000 | 10935904 |
| "spring rise" of whaleworm (anisakis simplex; nematoda, ascaridoidea) third-stage larvae in some fish species from norwegian waters. | the seasonal variation in the infection of saithe (pollachius virens), cod (gadus morhua), and redfish (sebastes marinus) from a coastal area of central norway with anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (l3) was studied over a period of 1 year. in all three host species there was an increase in the abundance of the parasite in spring, with a peak appearing in march and april. cod displayed the most distinct seasonal variation, showing a clear abundance peak in april. the abundance peak in april fo ... | 2000 | 10952259 |
| immunofluorescent localization of intermediate filaments (ifs) in helminths using anti-mammalian ifs monoclonal antibody. | intermediate filaments (ifs) make up the cytoskeleton of most eukaryotic cells. in vertebrates, a number of if proteins have been identified, showing distributions unique to tissue or cell type. information on helminth ifs is limited to some nematode species. to observe immunofluorescent localization of ifs in helminth tissues, we selected a murine hybridoma clone producing igm antibody to multiple types of mammalian if proteins and examined cross-reactivity to helminth proteins. the selected mo ... | 2000 | 10958445 |
| prey, parasites and pathology associated with the mortality of a juvenile gray whale (eschrichtius robustus) stranded along the northern california coast. | an eastern pacific gray whale (eschrichtius robustus) stranded off pelican point, tomales bay, california, usa, was examined for physiological parameters, prey, parasites and associated pathology. the whale was emaciated, and hematological examination revealed an elevation in hematocrit, serum sodium, potassium, electrolyte values and hypoglycemia. parasites recovered included 5 species, 1 ectoparasite (cyamus scammoni), and 4 helminths (anisakis simplex, ogmogaster antarcticus, ogmogaster penta ... | 2000 | 11023250 |
| predictors of anisakis simplex symptoms. | | 2000 | 11030385 |
| molecular cloning of paramyosin, a new allergen of anisakis simplex. | anisakis simplex is a fish parasite that, when accidentally ingested by humans, may cause allergic reactions in sensitized individuals. the main objectives of our study were to: (1) construct a cdna expression library of a. simplex; (2) identify clones producing specific ige binding protein antigens, and (3) produce and purify the protein/s codified by the isolated clones produced in escherichia coli. | 2000 | 11060483 |
| a pcr-rflp assay for identification of anisakis simplex from different geographical regions. | anisakis simplex, a nematode from the family anisakidae, is a parasite of fish and mammals. it is a casual agent of a human disease called anisakiosis. we found that the assay based on pcr amplification of the its-1-5.8 s-its-2 fragment of rdna and subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism, previously described on the basis of a. simplex isolated solely from one geographical region, can be used as a general test for identification of this worm species. the restriction patterns analysed ... | 2000 | 11090264 |
| shared epitope for monoclonal ir162 between anisakis simplex larvae and clonorchis sinensis and cross-reactivity between antigens. | ir162 is a rat monoclonal ige antibody (mab). in the investigation of rat ige production, the antigens recognized by ir162 (ir-ags) were found to be expressed by a variety of helminthic parasites. by western blot analysis, ir162 detected bands in crude extracts of anisakis simplex larvae, clonorchis sinensis, paragonimus westermani, plerocercoids of spirometra mansoni, and toxocara canis. excretory-secretory material from a. simplex larvae also contained a protein recognized by ir162. ir162 mab ... | 2000 | 11128497 |
| [eosinophilic esophagitis associated with recurrent urticaria: is the worm anisakis simplex involved?]. | anisakis simplex, a fish parasite of the nematode family, typically infects marine mammals such as whales, dolphins and seals. human anisakiasis, which is acquired by eating raw or insufficiently heated fish or squid, has gained world-wide importance. infestation with living larvae caused by eating parasitised fish results in acute upper abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting and may be confused with acute abdomen due to appendicitis and other inflammatory abdominal disorders. extraintestinal organ ... | 2000 | 11130147 |
| larval anisakids parasitizing the blue whiting, micromesistius poutassou, from motril bay in the mediterranean region of southern spain. | a total of 301 blue whiting, micromesistius poutassou risso, 1826, ranging in length from 17 to 28 cm, from motril bay (mediterranean coast, south spain) were examined for anisakid nematodes, as these fish are common items in the spanish mediterranean diet. three anisakid species were morphologically identified with a total prevalence of 10.63%. anisakis simplex s.l. rudolphi, 1809 had a prevalence value of 6.65%, compared with 2.66% for a. physeteris baylis, 1923 and 2.33% for hysterothylacium ... | 2000 | 11138027 |
| experimental infections of copepods and sticklebacks gasterosteus aculeatus with small ensheathed and large third-stage larvae of anisakis simplex (nematoda, ascaridoidea, anisakidae). | free-swimming ensheathed larvae of anisakis simplex were shown experimentally to be ingested by the copepods oitona similis and acartia tonsa and by the nauplii of barnacles balanus sp. the larvae did not grow in the copepod hemocoel. experimental infections of various malacostracans were unsuccessful. sticklebacks gasterosteus aculeatus are naturally infected with larvae of a. simplex in coastal brackish water. such sticklebacks may have acquired the infection by eating either a crustacean host ... | 2001 | 11199846 |
| anisakiasis presenting as an obstructive duodenal tumor. a scandinavian case. | a case of chronic anisakiasis presenting as an occluding duodenal tumor is described. significant falls in anisakis simplex-specific serum ige and total ige occurred after resection of the lesion. histopathologic examination showed a chronic eosinophilic granulomatous infiltrate and a tubular sclerotic structure in the antral submucosa consistent with, but not diagnostic for, an a. simplex larva. | 2001 | 11234986 |
| [anisakiasis of the stomach--a case report from germany]. | anisakiasis or "herring worm disease" is one of the most important parasitic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in japan. in 1988 lorenz and warzok published 8 cases of intestinal anisakiasis in eastern germany. in 1988 spehn et al. reported a case of gastric anisakiasis in an aids patient. here, we describe a case of gastric anisakiasis in germany with an impressive serious clinical course. the symptoms--acute abdominal cramps, severe chest pain, diarrhoea, sub-febrile temperatures and leuc ... | 2001 | 11253510 |
| presence of il-4-like molecules in larval excretory-secretory products and crude extracts from anisakis simplex. | acute symptoms of anisakidosis are caused by a type i allergic reaction in the gastrointestinal wall with elevated specific immunoglobulin (ig)e. the purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of interleukin (il)-4 in the larval antigens of anisakis simplex. we detected concentrations of il-4 in pg/ml when larval excretory--secretory products and crude extract from a. simplex were investigated by elisa. specific antibodies were obtained by immunization of rabbits with mouse il-4 and t ... | 2001 | 11309156 |
| apoptosis-inducing protein, aip, from parasite-infected fish induces apoptosis in mammalian cells by two different molecular mechanisms. | aip (apoptosis-inducing protein) is a protein purified and cloned from chub mackerel infected with the larval nematode, anisakis simplex, which induces apoptosis in various mammalian cells including human tumor cell lines. aip has shown structural and functional homology to l-amino acid oxidase (lao) which oxidizes several l-amino acids including l-lysine and aip-induced apoptosis has been suggested to be mediated by h2o2 generated by lao activity of aip. in this study, we confirmed that recombi ... | 2001 | 11319613 |
| gastrointestinal parasites and prey items from a mass stranding of false killer whales, pseudorca crassidens, in rio grande do sul, southern brazil. | the gastrointestinal tract of 14 false killer whales, 6 males and 8 females, stranded in june 1995 in southern brazil, with total standard lengths from 338 to 507 cm, were analysed for endoparasites and food items. a pregnant female had a male foetus of 77.5 cm. parasites were found in all 14 false killer whales. the nematode anisakis simplex (rudolphi, 1809) was found in the stomach of 57% of the animals and the acanthocephalan bolbosoma capitatum (linstow, 1889) porta, 1908 was present in the ... | 2001 | 11340462 |
| ascaris suum-derived products induce human neutrophil activation via a g protein-coupled receptor that interacts with the interleukin-8 receptor pathway. | infection with tissue-migrating helminths is frequently associated with intense granulocyte infiltrations. several host-derived factors are known to mediate granulocyte recruitment to the tissues, but less attention has been paid to how parasite-derived products trigger this process. parasite-derived chemotactic factors which selectively recruit granulocytes have been described, but nothing is known about which cellular receptors respond to these agents. the effect of products from the nematodes ... | 2001 | 11349070 |
| occupational generalised urticaria and allergic airborne asthma due to anisakis simplex. | anisakis simplex (as), a fish and cephalopodes parasite, may cause allergic reactions in humans on eating and/or handling contaminated fish. we present a case of occupational hypersensitivity to as in a woman employed in a frozen-fish factory. she showed both generalised urticarial rash and asthmatic symptoms after work place exposure. all these symptoms immediately disappeared after work place exposure was ceased. the presence of a positive skin prick test and high specific ige values confirmed ... | 2001 | 11358735 |
| anaphylaxis due to hypersensitivity to anisakis simplex. | anaphylactic reactions are among the most frequent causes for requests for emergency medical care. it is possible that no clear precipitating factor can be found delaying the onset of adequate treatment and increasing the risk of new episodes of anaphylaxis in the future. hypersensitivity to anisakis simplex, an intestinal parasite found in fish, is an unusual cause of anaphylaxis but it should always be borne in mind in countries where a great deal of fish is consumed, especially if it is eaten ... | 2001 | 11385293 |
| [anisakiasis: a borderline disorder]. | anisakis simplex is a nematode which can parasitize many different kinds of fish or cephalopods (codfish, salmon, tuna, mackerel, hake, etc). anisakis simplex can cause different diseases in humans. the human being acquires the larvae by eating raw or undercooked seafood. acute anisakiasis is probably caused by an inflammatory and/or allergic response in the digestive tract mucosa with abdominal pain. it can also induce ige-mediated reactions with several clinical manifestations ranging from urt ... | 2001 | 11388051 |
| cellular immune responses in mice immunized with anisakis simplex larval antigens. | cellular immune responses to anisakis simplex l3 antigens were investigated in balb/c mice injected subcutaneously with a homologous crude extract (ce). popliteal lymph nodes (pln) were found to be increased in size and weight after a. simplex ce footpad injection. the effects of a. simplex ce in vitro proliferation were assayed with non-fractionated pln cells or nylon-wool purified t cells derived from pooled lymph node cells of mice subcutaneously injected with ce. spleen cells from immunized ... | 2001 | 11403383 |
| anisakis infestation in marine fish and cephalopods from galician waters: an updated perspective. | a total of 2,673 fresh specimens of cephalopod and fish representing 35 species were obtained from commercial local fisheries in galician waters (nw spain). they were examined for anisakid nematodes by digestion of the muscle and elution of the viscera and whole body cavity. all larval nematodes recovered were identified by light microscopy and multilocus electrophoresis as belonging to the species anisakis simplex sensu stricto and a. pegreffii. encysted larvae mostly occurred in the viscera bu ... | 2001 | 11411952 |
| characterization of two monoclonal antibodies raised in btk(xid) mice that recognize phosphorylcholine-bearing antigens from trichinella and other helminths. | this study investigated the binding properties of two monoclonal antibodies (mabs us1 and us2) raised in (cba/n x balb/c)f1 (nbf1) btk(xid) male mice. both mabs show unusual specificity for phosphorylcholine (pc)-containing tsl4 antigens of trichinella. specifically, and in contrast to mabs raised in normal mice, us1 and us2 mabs do not bind to artificial pc-protein conjugates and are not inhibited by either free pc or nppc, although us2 was partially inhibited by nppc at high concentration (10( ... | 2001 | 11412384 |
| allergenic cross-reactivity between the nematode anisakis simplex and the dust mites acarus siro, lepidoglyphus destructor, tyrophagus putrescentiae, and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. | the nematode anisakis simplex is a common parasite on fish and other seafood. it is considered to be a food allergen and to induce ige-mediated reactions. allergenic cross-reactivity between a. simplex and other nematodes has been reported, as has cross-reactivity with arthropods: red mosquito larvae and german cockroach. we have here studied the allergenic relationship between a. simplex and four different dust-mite species. | 2001 | 11421925 |
| prevalence of and risk factors for ige sensitization to anisakis simplex in a spanish population. | the number of allergic reactions to a. simplex reported in spain has increased dramatically in the last decade. nevertheless, there have been no studies of the prevalence of and possible risk factors for ige sensitization to this parasite, possibly because suitably specific diagnostic methods have only recently become available. the objective was to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for ige sensitization to a. simplex in galicia, a region of northwestern spain with a population of a ... | 2001 | 11421926 |
| anisakis simplex-sensitized patients: should fish be excluded from their diet? | anisakis simplex (a.s.) allergy is an emerging disease. the third-stage larvae of this nematode are a source of hidden allergens in fish. there are no clear guidelines concerning dietary restrictions for patients with serum-specific ige to this parasite. | 2001 | 11428742 |
| evidence of infectious diseases in harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena) hunted in the waters of greenland and by-caught in the german north sea and baltic sea. | the pathological, microbiological and serological findings in harbour porpoises hunted in greenlandic waters were compared with the findings in animals accidentally caught in fishing gear in the german north sea and baltic sea. the body condition of the greenlandic animals was good, whereas nine of 23 german harbour porpoises were moderately to markedly emaciated. both groups were infested with parasites. in the greenlandic animals parasitism of the aural peribullar cavity with stenurus minor, o ... | 2001 | 11430682 |
| freezing protects against allergy to anisakis simplex. | allergic reactions to anisakis simplex have been described following ingestion of fish and were thought to be possible even if seafood is frozen or well-cooked. | 2001 | 11436972 |
| element concentration variability in the whaleworm anisakis simplex s.l. | concentrations of the elements c, n, fe, na, k, ca and mg were analysed by chromatography and atomic absorption spectrometry in the whaleworm anisakis simplex sensu lato. nearly all mean inorganic element concentrations measured were higher in adult worms than in larval forms. similarly, adults contained significantly higher nitrogen (i.e. lower c/n ratio values) than either eggs or larvae. evidence for the significance of the parasitic life cycle stage and the systematic position of their hosts ... | 2001 | 11438433 |
| fitness of the marine parasitic nematode anisakis simplex s. str. in temperate waters of the ne atlantic. | in temperate waters of the ne atlantic, third-stage larvae of anisakis simplex sensu stricto collected from 3 paratenic host species were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphisms. the condition of wild larval infrapopulations was assessed by examining morphometric and growth characteristics. the differentiation patterns and the excretory/secretory products of larvae grown in vitro were also examined. an extensive morphometric, growth and differentiation variability was found betwe ... | 2001 | 11463100 |
| possible presence of common tyvelose-containing glycans in trichinella l1 larvae and embryonated eggs of several nematodes. | a monoclonal antibody (mab us4) recognising an epitope containing tyvelose within the t. spiralis l-1 muscle larvae (tsl-1) antigens was tested in western-blot against various antigenic preparations from different stages of the following nematodes: t. spiralis (l1, adult), t. muris (egg, l1, l3, adult), ascaris suum (egg, adult), toxocara canis (egg, adult), anisakis simplex (l3) and haemochus contortus (egg). positive reaction was present in antigen preparations from l1 larvae of t. spiralis an ... | 2001 | 11484333 |
| purification of anisakis simplex antigen by affinity chromatography. | in order to improve the specificity and sensitivity of the techniques for the diagnosis of human anisakidosis, a method of affinity chromatography for the purification of species-specific antigens from anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (l3) has been developed. new zealand rabbits were immunized with a. simplex or ascaris suum antigens or inoculated with toxocara canis embryonated eggs. the igg-specific antibodies were isolated by means of protein a-sepharose cl-4b bead columns. igg anti-anisak ... | 2001 | 11570559 |
| serum cd23 is not altered in gastroallergic anisakiasis, but correlates with the production of specific ige and the amount of polyclonal stimulation. | previous studies have shown elevated serum levels of the cytokines il-4 and scd23 in atopic patients and parasitic disease. gastroallergic anisakiasis is an acute parasitic disease, accompanied by ige-mediated clinical symptoms and an important increase of specific and total ige. | 2001 | 11576082 |
| in vitro cultivation of anisakis simplex: pepsin increases survival and moulting from fourth larval to adult stage. | this paper describes the in vitro cultivation of the 3rd-larval stage (l3) of anisakis simplex to adulthood in a much simpler and easier to prepare medium than those described to date. the adult males obtained are between 3.8 and 6.5 cm long and the females between 4.5 and 8.0 cm. some individually cultivated females laid eggs which had an average size of 44.4 x 50.5 microm. the culture conditions were as follows: medium rpmi-1640 supplemented with 20% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum and 1% ... | 2001 | 11578092 |
| natural antibodies to nematode biotinyl-enzymes in human sera. | biotinyl-enzymes are conservative molecules present in helminths, as well as in other animals, bacteria and plants. they have recently been found to be antigenic in mice, and a potential source of cross-reactivity among helminths. this study investigated the presence in human sera of antibodies reactive with biotinyl-enzymes from the nematodes anisakis simplex, toxocara canis and ascaris suum. biotinyl-enzymes from all these nematodes were recognized by igg1 antibodies in sera from healthy subje ... | 2001 | 11599787 |
| interleukin-4 production in balb/c mice immunized with anisakis simplex. | we investigated the interleukin (il-4) levels in balb/c mice immunized with anisakis extract in single or multiple doses and in mice orally infected with a larva. from animals immunized maximum responses were obtained with the multiple doses with an only il-4 peak. conversely, in the mice inoculated with a larva per os, the il-4 levels showed two peaks of different rates. | 2001 | 11685265 |
| anisakis simplex larva killed by high-hydrostatic-pressure processing. | anisakis simplex is a common nematode parasite present in many marine fish, including finfish and squid. it can pose a public health problem if it is not destroyed during food processing. anisakis larvae were isolated from fish tissue, and their survival of high-pressure treatments in distilled water and physiological isotonic solution was assayed. treatment at a pressure of 200 mpa for 10 min at a temperature between 0 and 15 degrees c kills all anisakis larvae, with a lack of motility being us ... | 2002 | 11848572 |
| anisakis simplex: dangerous--dead and alive? | the risk of infection with anisakis simplex and related parasites of fish has been recognized for some time, but it is now emerging that ingestion of material from dead parasites in food is also potentially dangerous. the resulting allergic reactions range from rapid onset and potentially lethal anaphylactic reactions to chronic, debilitating conditions. this review discusses the problems and clinical implications associated with a. simplex, other related conditions, and the way in which disease ... | 2002 | 11850010 |
| [anisakis simplex and immediate hypersensitivity reactions]. | anisakis simplex is one of the nematode worms that parasitize sea mammals. when its larvae are accidentally ingested by humans, they can infect the host, resulting in anisakiasis manifested by digestive symptoms, or they may cause an allergic reaction, which in some cases may be severe. | 2002 | 11988686 |
| do only live larvae cause anisakis simplex sensitization? | | 2002 | 11991288 |
| uterine adenocarcinoma with generalised metastasis in a bottlenose dolphin tursiops truncatus from northern patagonia, argentina. | an endometrial adenocarcinoma with areas of squamous differentiation and generalised metastasis was observed in a bottlenose dolphin tursiops truncatus stranded in northern patagonia in july 1997. this is the second report of a uterine adenocarcinoma in a free-living cetacean and the first in a delphinidae. this neoplasm likely compromised reproduction for several years. in addition, the dolphin presented tattoo-like skin lesions and its digestive tract was infested by anisakis simplex, pseudote ... | 2002 | 12005238 |
| immunoglobulins anti-anisakis simplex in patients with gastrointestinal diseases. | the nematode anisakis simplex causes anisakidiasis, a disease that often mimics other gastrointestinal diseases. patients with digestive haemorrhaging, crohn's disease, digestive cancer and appendicitis were analysed for antibodies to a. simplex. antibody detection was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunoblotting using crude extract (ce) antigen and excretory-secretory (es) products. total immunoglobulin (igs), igg, igm, iga and ige were studied. the highest percen ... | 2002 | 12015825 |
| evaluation by elisa of anisakis simplex larval antigen purified by affinity chromatography. | in order to improve the specificity and sensitivity of the techniques for the human anisakidosis diagnosis, a method of affinity chromatography for the purification of species-specific antigens from anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (l3) has been developed. new zealand rabbits were immunized with a. simplex or ascaris suum antigens or inoculated with toxocara canis embryonated eggs. the igg specific antibodies were isolated by means of protein a-sepharose cl-4b beads columns. igg anti-a. simpl ... | 2002 | 12016451 |