| a recombinant antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for specific diagnosis of baylisascaris procyonis larva migrans. | baylisascaris larva migrans is an important zoonotic disease caused by baylisascaris procyonis, the raccoon roundworm, and is being increasingly considered in the differential diagnosis of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in children and young adults. although b. procyonis excretory-secretory (bpes) antigen-based elisa and western blot assays are useful in the immunodiagnosis of this infection, cross-reactivity remains a major problem. recently, a recombinant b. procyonis antigen, bprag1, was re ... | 2011 | 21832102 |
| Zoonoses of procyonids and nondomestic felids. | There are several important zoonotic diseases which can be acquired from procyonids, and nondomestic felids. Baylisascaris procyonis, the raccoon roundworm, is a common parasite of raccoons and can cause visceral, ocular, or neural larval migrans in people. Neural larval migrans can cause severe signs in individuals. Dermatophytosis and enteric pathogens are the most important zoonotic agents found in nondomestic felids. Microsporum canis infections can be spread from nondomestic felids to owner ... | 2011 | 21872788 |
| [baylisascariosis (baylisascaris procyonis)--a rare parasitic zoonosis in europe]. | raccoons (procyon lotor) were imported from north america into germany many decades ago, and nowadays they are part of the home wildlife fauna. unfortunately, the raccoon roundworm, baylisascaris procyonis, was also imported. this nematode species is well known as an important agent of larva migrans in more than 100 animal species including man in north america, causing a fatal neurological or severe ocular disease. there are also several respective reports from germany. a review about the biolo ... | 2011 | 22191168 |
| baylisascaris procyonis in raccoons (procyon lotor) from eastern colorado, an area of undefined prevalence. | baylisascaris procyonis is a zoonotic parasite that has been documented in raccoons throughout much of the united states; however, no published information on its occurrence is available for the transition zone from the great plains to the rocky mountains. because this parasite can cause neural larva migrans and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis in humans (as well as other hosts), a more complete understanding of the distribution of this parasite seems warranted for public health reason ... | 2011 | 22119387 |
| baylisascaris procyonis neural larva migrans in an infant in new york city. | neural larva migrans (nlm) with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis secondary to raccoon roundworm (baylisascaris procyonis) infection has been reported in rural and suburban areas of north america and europe with extant raccoon populations. most cases have occurred in infants less than two years of age exposed to areas of raccoon fecal contamination. here, we present a case of baylisascaris-induced nlm from the densely populated borough of brooklyn in new york city and alert urban pediatricians to ... | 0 | 25346856 |
| the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) and the raccoon (procyon lotor)-their role and impact of maintaining and transmitting zoonotic diseases in austria, central europe. | the neozoan species raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) and raccoon (procyon lotor) are widespread in europe and potential vectors of many diseases that can threaten human and domestic animal health. facing a further spread of these species, it is important to know about (i) pathogens imported and/or (ii) pathogens acquired in the new habitat. thus, we investigated the parasite fauna of wild raccoon dogs and raccoons from austria, at the edge of their new distribution range. the eight examine ... | 2017 | 28229221 |
| the structure and seasonality of baylisascaris procyonis populations in raccoons (procyon lotor). | baylisascaris procyonis , the raccoon ( procyon lotor ) ascarid, is a common roundworm parasite of raccoons that is also a well-recognized zoonotic pathogen, and a cause for conservation concern. the transmission dynamics of b. procyonis differ with host population attributes, season, and landscape. we examined how the parasite's population attributes change with season, parasite population structure, and host demographics. we examined 1,050 raccoon gastrointestinal tracts collected from 1996 to ... | 2016 | 26967139 |
| reduction of baylisascaris procyonis eggs in raccoon latrines, suburban chicago, illinois, usa. | baylisascaris procyonis, a common roundworm of raccoons, causes severe or fatal human infections, often in suburban areas. to evaluate the effectiveness of a baiting strategy requiring minimal labor, we distributed medicated baits near raccoon latrines in suburban chicago, illinois, usa. this strategy lowered b. procyonis prevalence in raccoons, possibly reducing risk to humans. | 2014 | 25418370 |
| surveillance for baylisascaris procyonis in raccoons (procyon lotor) from wyoming, usa. | baylisascaris procyonis is a common roundworm of raccoons that causes severe clinical disease in many vertebrates, including humans. the distribution of b. procyonis in the us is poorly documented in portions of its range and has not been reported from wyoming. our objectives were to determine the statewide distribution and prevalence of this parasite in raccoons in wyoming, using intestinal and fecal examinations. we examined 363 raccoons from 23 wyoming counties in 2009-11, testing the reliabi ... | 2014 | 25014908 |
| parasites and the conservation of small populations: the case of baylisascaris procyonis. | human demands on natural resources result in landscape changes that facilitate the emergence of disease. most emerging diseases are zoonotic, and some of these pathogens play a role in the decline of vulnerable wildlife species. baylisascaris procyonis, the common roundworm parasite of raccoons (procyon lotor), is a well recognized zoonotic infection that has many of the properties associated with a pathogen capable of driving extinction. it is highly non-specific and frequently pathogenic with ... | 2013 | 24533336 |
| baylisascaris procyonis larva migrans in two captive north american beavers (castor canadensis). | baylisascaris procyonis larva migrans was diagnosed in two north american beavers ( castor canadensis ) belonging to a zoological park in clarke county, georgia. both beavers presented with neurological signs. one beaver died naturally and despite attempted treatment, the other beaver was euthanatized because of severe clinical signs and poor prognosis. histologic evaluation of the beavers revealed evidence of parasitic migration characterized by several lesions, including eosinophilic granuloma ... | 2017 | 28363038 |
| health survey of free-ranging raccoons (procyon lotor) in central park, new york, new york, usa: implications for human and domestic animal health. | we conducted health assessments on 113 free-ranging raccoons ( procyon lotor ) in central park, new york city, us, in february 2010, september 2010, and november 2011 in conjunction with a trap-vaccinate-release program to control a raccoon rabies epizootic. five individuals were sampled at two time points for 118 raccoon examinations in total. we tested 13 of 13 and 8 of 13 euthanized raccoons for rabies and canine distemper virus (cdv), respectively, by antigen testing on brain tissue; all wer ... | 2017 | 28135131 |
| baylisascaris procyonis roundworm seroprevalence among wildlife rehabilitators, united states and canada, 2012-2015. | baylisascaris procyonis roundworms can cause potentially fatal neural larva migrans in many species, including humans. however, the clinical spectrum of baylisascariasis is not completely understood. we tested 347 asymptomatic adult wildlife rehabilitators for b. procyonis antibodies; 24 were positive, suggesting that subclinical baylisascariasis is occurring among this population. | 2016 | 27869612 |
| assessing potential environmental contamination by baylisascaris procyonis eggs from infected raccoons in southern texas. | baylisascaris procyonis is a large ascarid of raccoons (procyon lotor) and is a zoonotic threat. we documented the potential rate a raccoon population can contaminate their environment with b. procyonis eggs. we estimated the population size of raccoons using a 9 × 7 trapping grid of havahart traps, identified locations of raccoon scats through systematic searches, and enumerated the distance b. procyonis eggs passively travel from site of origin upon scat decay. during an 8-week capture period, ... | 2017 | 27841964 |
| variable infection dynamics in four peromyscus species following experimental inoculation with baylisascaris procyonis. | wild rodents such as peromyscus spp. are intermediate hosts for the zoonotic ascarid baylisascaris procyonis (raccoon roundworm), and previous studies indicate peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) likely serves an important role in parasite ecology. natural infections have been sporadically identified in a few peromyscus spp., but no data are available on differences in susceptibility among the many other species. we compared survival and infection dynamics of b. procyonis in 4 species ( p. ... | 2016 | 27351237 |
| raccoon roundworm is on the move. | | 2016 | 27784104 |
| raccoon roundworm infection associated with central nervous system disease and ocular disease - six states, 2013-2015. | baylisascaris procyonis, predominantly found in raccoons, is a ubiquitous roundworm found throughout north america. although raccoons are typically asymptomatic when infected with the parasite, the larval form of baylisascaris procyonis can result in fatal human disease or severe neurologic outcomes if not treated rapidly. in the united states, baylisascaris procyonis is more commonly enzootic in raccoons in the midwestern and northeastern regions and along the west coast (1). however, since 200 ... | 2016 | 27608169 |
| baylisascaris procyonis demography and egg production in a california raccoon population. | california has more reported human raccoon roundworm cases than any other state due to large and overlapping human and raccoon populations. infection by this parasite, baylisascaris procyonis , is relatively benign in raccoons but can cause severe pathology in other species. disease risk is driven by environmental egg contamination which increases with raccoon density, worm intensity, and worm prevalence. to improve knowledge about risk to humans and other species, 189 raccoons from southern cal ... | 2016 | 27556367 |
| permeability and viability of baylisascaris procyonis eggs in southern texas soils. | baylisascaris procyonis is a nematode whose definitive host is the raccoon ( procyon lotor ). adult parasites are not particularly pathogenic to raccoons; however, larvae in intermediate hosts can cause visceral, ocular, and neural larva migrans. humans serve as dead-end hosts, and pathological responses are similar to those found in infected intermediate hosts. infected raccoons expose intermediate hosts through their feces, which can contain millions of b. procyonis eggs. our objective was to ... | 2016 | 27541828 |
| environmental temperatures in southern texas, usa: implications for survival of baylisascaris procyonis eggs. | baylisascaris procyonis is an intestinal nematode of raccoons ( procyon lotor ). within intermediate hosts, larvae can cause visceral, ocular, and neural migrans. humans, especially children, have become infected after ingestion of larvated eggs at raccoon latrines. eggs of b. procyonis have a thermal death point of 62 c. during 2012, we assessed the likelihood of thermal lethality on b. procyonis eggs in southern texas. we recorded temperature every 30 min with data loggers placed on the ground ... | 2016 | 27525592 |
| diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis from raccoon exposure resistant to laser photocoagulation. | diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (dusn) is an ocular disease caused by a subretinal nematode worm. the authors present a unique case of a 9-year-old girl with dusn due to presumed baylisascaris procyonis, given the size of the worm and previous raccoon exposure. the worm was located in the inner retina and treated with laser photocoagulation and albendazole. at the 1-week follow-up, the worm was still mobile despite being inactive immediately after the initial laser treatment and requi ... | 2016 | 27434904 |
| baylisascaris procyonis parasites in raccoons, costa rica, 2014. | | 2016 | 27433741 |
| update on baylisascariasis, a highly pathogenic zoonotic infection. | baylisascaris procyonis, the raccoon roundworm, infects a wide range of vertebrate animals, including humans, in which it causes a particularly severe type of larva migrans. it is an important cause of severe neurologic disease (neural larva migrans [nlm]) but also causes ocular disease (olm; diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis [dusn]), visceral larva migrans (vlm), and covert/asymptomatic infections. b. procyonis is common and widespread in raccoons, and there is increasing recognition o ... | 2016 | 26960940 |
| parasites and fungi as risk factors for human and animal health. | recent literature data suggests that parasitic and fungal diseases, which pose a threat to both human and animal health, remain a clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic problem. attention is increasingly paid to the role played by natural microbiota in maintaining homeostasis in humans. a particular emphasis is placed on the possibility of manipulating the human microbiota (permanent, transient, pathogenic) and macrobiota (e.g., trichuris suis) to support the treatment of selected diseases such as ... | 2015 | 26878617 |
| microgeographic population genetic structure of baylisascaris procyonis (nematoda: ascaroidae) in western michigan indicates the grand river is a barrier to gene flow. | baylisascaris procyonis , the raccoon roundworm, is increasingly being recognized for its zoonotic and public health importance. fine-scale analyses of the population genetics of this species have been hampered due to a lack of appropriate genetic markers. to this end, we developed 8 novel polymorphic microsatellites for b. procyonis and used these markers to elucidate microgeographic structuring of this parasite in a 500-km(2) study area in western michigan. our analyses revealed significant le ... | 2015 | 26284339 |
| baylisascaris procyonis and herpes simplex virus 2 coinfection presenting as ocular larva migrans with granuloma formation in a child. | ocular baylisascaris procyonis infection results from ingestion of infective eggs of b. procyonis, the raccoon ascarid. herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection of the retina is the result of either primary infection or reactivated disease. herein, we report a case of a 12-year-old female resident of the bronx in new york city, who presented with pan-uveitis and vision loss. initial evaluation for etiologic causes was nondiagnostic. serology for anti-baylisascaris procyonis antibodies in se ... | 2015 | 26123955 |
| evaluation of anthelmintic fishmeal polymer baits for the control of baylisascaris procyonis in free-ranging raccoons (procyon lotor). | baylisascaris procyonis is a common gastrointestinal parasite of raccoons (procyon lotor) and is a zoonotic helminth with the potential to cause severe or fatal infection. raccoons thrive in human-dominated landscapes, and the fecal-oral transmission pathway and lack of effective treatment make b. procyonis a serious threat to public health. the distribution of medicinal baits has emerged as a socially acceptable and cost-effective method for managing disease in free-ranging wildlife. we assesse ... | 2015 | 25973621 |
| larva migrans in squirrel monkeys experimentally infected with baylisascaris potosis. | roundworms of the genus baylisascaris are natural parasites primarily of wild carnivores, and they can occasionally cause infection in humans and animals. infection results in visceral larva migrans and/or neural larva migrans, which can be severe or fatal in some animals. recently, baylisascaris nematodes isolated from kinkajous (potos flavus) and previously referred to as baylisascaris procyonis were renamed as baylisascaris potosis; however, data regarding the pathogenicity of b. potosis towa ... | 2015 | 25796550 |
| zoonotic baylisascaris procyonis roundworms in raccoons, china. | | 2014 | 25417741 |
| in vitro culture of parascaris equorum larvae and initial investigation of parasite excretory-secretory products. | currently, diagnosis of parascaris equorum infection in equids is limited to patent infections. the goals of this study were to culture p. equorum larvae in vitro and identify excretory-secretory (es) products for prepatent diagnostic testing. parascaris equorum l2/l3 larvae were hatched and cultured for up to 3 weeks for es product collection. fifth stage (l5) p. equorum were also cultured for es product collection. examination of es fractions by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electr ... | 2014 | 25209615 |
| predicting baylisascaris procyonis roundworm prevalence, presence and abundance in raccoons (procyon lotor) of southwestern ohio using landscape features. | raccoon roundworm is a leading cause of a neurological disease known as larva migrans encephalopathy in vertebrates. we determined that roundworm prevalence is significantly lower in beavercreek township than other townships surveyed, and that mean patch size and proportion of landscape modified by urbanization or by agriculture are good predictors of roundworm prevalence and abundance in raccoons. the proportion of landscape modified by urbanization was the best predictor of roundworm presence. ... | 2014 | 25161909 |
| geographic and temporal prevalence of baylisascaris procyonis in raccoons (procyon lotor) in pennsylvania, usa. | in autumn of 2010 we collected fecal samples from the rectums of 89 trapped or road-killed pennsylvania raccoons (procyon lotor). similar samples were collected in the summer and autumn of 2011 from 383 raccoons. fecal samples were stored in 10% formalin until examined. using saturated sugar flotation and a direct smear, we found baylisascaris procyonis eggs in 38% of 2010 samples and 32.9% of 2011 samples. prevalence in raccoons was greater in autumn than in summer and greater in juveniles than ... | 2014 | 25105813 |
| the impact of land use, season, age, and sex on the prevalence and intensity of baylisascaris procyonis infections in raccoons (procyon lotor) from ontario, canada. | we assessed the impact of land use, demographic factors, and season on the prevalence and intensity of baylisascaris procyonis infections in raccoons (procyon lotor) in ontario, canada. from march to october 2012, we recorded the number of b. procyonis in the intestinal tracts of raccoons submitted to the canadian cooperative wildlife health centre for necropsy. logistic regression models were used to examine associations between the presence of b. procyonis and age (adult, juvenile), sex, land ... | 2014 | 25098302 |
| a presumptive case of baylisascaris procyonis in a feral green-cheeked amazon parrot (amazona viridigenalis). | a feral green-cheeked amazon parrot (amazona viridigenalis), also known as the red-crowned amazon, with generalized neurologic symptoms was found in pasadena in southern california and brought in for treatment. the bird was refractory to a wide variety of medications and supportive treatment. tests for polyoma virus, psittacine beak and feather disease virus, and west nile virus as well as chlamydophila psittaci were negative. hospitalized and home care continued for a total of 69 days. the bird ... | 2014 | 24712176 |
| baylisascaris potosis n. sp., a new ascarid nematode isolated from captive kinkajou, potos flavus, from the cooperative republic of guyana. | we describe a new nematode species, baylisascaris potosis n. sp., isolated from captive kinkajou, potos flavus, from the cooperative republic of guyana. the nematode was found in fecal specimens, identified morphologically, and confirmed genetically. the new species is similar to baylisascaris procyonis, baylisascaris columnaris, and other baylisascaris species, but is distinguished by the position of the male phasmidial pole. nuclear and mitochondrial dna sequence analyses confirmed that the ne ... | 2014 | 24662055 |
| illegal wildlife imports more than just animals--baylisascaris procyonis in raccoons (procyon lotor) in norway. | in autumn 2011, 11 illegally imported animals were seized from a farm in southern norway. these included four raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides), four raccoons (procyon lotor), and three south american coatis (nasua nasua), all considered alien species in norway. an additional two raccoons had escaped from the farm prior to seizure. the seized animals were euthanized and postmortem examination revealed that the four raccoons had moderate to high numbers of the zoonotic nematode baylisascari ... | 2013 | 24502726 |
| patterns of latrine use by raccoons (procyon lotor) and implication for baylisascaris procyonis transmission. | mammals often use latrine sites for defecation, yet little is known about patterns of latrine use in many common species such as raccoons (procyon lotor). because raccoon latrines are important foci for the transmission of raccoon roundworm (baylisascaris procyonis), documenting metrics of raccoon latrine use may have public health implications. although some studies have provided evidence that multiple raccoons visit single latrine sites, exact latrine visitation patterns of raccoons have never ... | 2014 | 24484480 |
| interlaboratory optimization and evaluation of a serological assay for diagnosis of human baylisascariasis. | a western blot assay using a recombinant protein, recombinant baylisascaris procyonis rag1 protein (rbprag1), was developed for the diagnosis of human baylisascariasis concurrently by the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) in atlanta, georgia, and the national reference centre for parasitology (nrcp) in montreal, canada. assay performance was assessed by testing 275 specimens at the cdc and 405 specimens at the nrcp. twenty specimens from 16 cases of baylisascariasis were evaluated ... | 2013 | 24049107 |
| baylisascaris larva migrans. | baylisascaris procyonis is a roundworm of the raccoon found primarily in north america but also known to occur in other parts of the world including south america, europe, and japan. migration of the larvae of this parasite is recognized as a cause of clinical neural larva migrans (nlm) in humans, primarily children. it is manifested as meningoencephalitis associated with marked eosinophilia of the cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood. diagnosis is made by recovering and identifying larvae i ... | 2013 | 23829916 |
| baylisascaris procyonis infection in white-footed mice: predicting patterns of infection from landscape habitat attributes. | there is a growing body of evidence that habitat fragmentation resulting from anthropogenic land use can alter the transmission dynamics of infectious disease. baylisascaris procyonis , a parasitic roundworm with the ability to cause fatal central nervous system disease in many mammals, including humans, is a zoonotic threat, and research suggests that parasite recruitment rates by intermediate hosts are highly variable among forest patches in fragmented landscapes. during 2008, we sampled 353 w ... | 2013 | 23656487 |
| baylisascaris procyonis in raccoons (procyon lotor) from north carolina and current status of the parasite in the usa. | baylisascaris procyonis is an intestinal nematode of raccoons (procyon lotor) that can cause fatal larva migrans in numerous species of birds and mammals, including humans. historically, this parasite has been rare in the southeastern usa but recently has been reported in eastern tennessee and isolated parts of georgia and florida. the objective of the current study was to investigate the distribution and prevalence of b. procyonis in raccoons from north carolina. in western north carolina, in c ... | 2013 | 23180125 |
| effects of urbanization on prevalence of baylisascaris procyonis in intermediate host populations. | baylisascaris procyonis is an intestinal parasite of raccoons (procyon lotor) that can also infect humans and a wide range of wildlife species. prevalence of b. procyonis in raccoon populations appears to decrease as the landscape urbanizes, but less is known about prevalence in the small-mammal intermediate hosts of the parasite. we measured prevalence of b. procyonis in populations of mice (peromyscus spp.) in forest preserves along a gradient of urbanization in illinois. prevalence in the mou ... | 2012 | 23060514 |
| influence of environmental variables on baylisascaris procyonis infection in raccoons. | baylisascaris procyonis is a zoonotic nematode commonly found in raccoons (procyon lotor). human-altered landscapes can support dense populations of raccoons, increasing the potential for interaction between humans and these animals. we used raccoon feces provided by licensed fur trappers to investigate environmental variables that influence prevalence of b. procyonis at 2 sites in wisconsin. trappers submitted raccoon feces to us, along with information on sex, age (juvenile and adult), and app ... | 2012 | 22568732 |
| prevalence of baylisascaris procyonis in habitat associated with allegheny woodrat (neotoma magister) populations in indiana. | allegheny woodrat (neotoma magister) populations have been in decline across their range since the late 1970s. hypotheses proposed to explain these declines include habitat fragmentation and loss, decreased food availability, and increased mortality from infection with baylisascaris procyonis. we investigated the prevalence of b. procyonis at raccoon (procyon lotor) latrines in woodrat cliff habitats (n = 18) along the ohio river in southern indiana in 1995. we located 275 latrines (mean = 15.3/ ... | 2012 | 22493131 |
| analysis of the effect of soil saprophytic fungi on the eggs of baylisascaris procyonis. | baylisascaris procyonis is a soil-transmitted helminth mainly found in raccoons (procyon lotor) which can also affect other domestic and sylvatic animals, as well as humans, when the eggs released in the feces of parasitized raccoons are accidentally ingested. three assays have been conducted to assess the effect of three saprophytic fungi, mucor circinelloides, paecilomyces lilacinus, and verticillium sp., on the eggs of b. procyonis. firstly, their ovicidal effect was in vitro ascertained by p ... | 2015 | 25828813 |
| [the raccoon roundworm (baylisascaris procyonis)--no zoonotic risk for brandenburg?]. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of the raccoon roundworm (baylisascaris [b.] procyonis), a dangerous zoonotic pathogen for humans, in raccoons living in the federal state of brandenburg, germany. in the years 2008 to 2013, a total of 762 raccoons, dating from hunting bags, were examined for intestinal helminths. no raccoon roundworm specimen was detected, but 27 samples were positive for mesocestoides spp. earlier studies had proved the presence of b. procyonis in he ... | 2015 | 25876283 |
| baylisascaris procyonis larva migrans in two white-headed lemurs (eulemur albifrons) in spain and response to treatment derived from a human pediatric protocol. | baylisascaris procyonis is a well-known ascaridoid nematode that causes larva migrans in humans and many other animal species. the north american raccoon (procyon lotor) is the definitive host, which has been successfully introduced in the past decades to other geographical regions around the world. two white-headed lemurs (eulemuralbifrons) from a zoological park in lugo, spain, developed severe neurological signs within a brief period after being transferred from exhibit and placed in close co ... | 2015 | 25936436 |
| diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis caused by ancylostoma hookworm. | diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis is an ocular infectious disease caused by several distinct nematodes. definite identification of the involved nematodes is rarely achieved. we report on the molecular-based genetic identification of an ancylostoma ceylanicum hookworm implicated in a case of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis in a child. | 2017 | 28098549 |
| partial molecular characterization of the mitochondrial genome of baylisascaris columnaris and prevalence of infection in a wild population of striped skunks. | members of the genus baylisascaris utilize omnivores or carnivores as their definitive hosts. the best known member of this genus is baylisascaris procyonis, which is an intestinal parasite of raccoons. the closest relative of b. procyonis is b. columnaris, which utilizes the common skunk as its definitive host. although b. procyonis has been extensively studied, relatively little is known of b. columnaris. for example, the mitochondrial genome of b. procyonis has been sequenced in its entirety. ... | 2017 | 28462088 |
| introduced rats and an endemic roundworm: does rattus rattus contribute to baylisascaris procyonis transmission in california? | the introduced black rat, rattus rattus, occurs throughout the native range of the raccoon roundworm, baylisascaris procyonis, and might incorporate into its life cycle if rats consume parasite eggs, acquire viable infections, and are eaten by raccoons. although rats forage at raccoon latrines, their role in b. procyonis transmission remains unknown. here i tested the potential for rats to amplify b. procyonis transmission in california by surveying wild rodents for b. procyonis and conducting s ... | 2017 | 28732456 |
| seroprevalence of baylisascaris procyonis infection among humans, santa barbara county, california, usa, 2014-2016. | baylisascaris procyonis (raccoon roundworm) infection is common in raccoons and can cause devastating pathology in other animals, including humans. limited information is available on the frequency of asymptomatic human infection. we tested 150 adults from california, usa, for b. procyonis antibodies; 11 were seropositive, suggesting that subclinical infection does occur. | 2017 | 28726612 |
| beyond the raccoon roundworm: the natural history of non-raccoon baylisascaris species in the new world. | a total of 10 species of baylisascaris, a genus of ascaridoid nematodes, occur worldwide and 6 of them occur in the new world. most of the baylisascaris species have a similar life cycle with carnivorous mammals or marsupials serving as definitive hosts and a smaller prey host serving as paratenic (or intermediate) hosts. however, one species in rodents is unique in that it only has one host. considerable research has been conducted on b. procyonis, the raccoon roundworm, as it is a well-known c ... | 2017 | 28529879 |
| baylisascaris procyonis-associated meningoencephalitis in a previously healthy adult, california, usa. | after severe neurocognitive decline developed in an otherwise healthy 63-year-old man, brain magnetic resonance imaging showed eosinophilic meningoencephalitis and enhancing lesions. the patient tested positive for antibodies to baylisascaris spp. roundworms, was treated with albendazole and dexamethasone, and showed improvement after 3 months. baylisascariasis should be considered for all patients with eosinophilic meningitis. | 0 | 27434260 |
| baylisascaris procyonis induced diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis in new york city. | diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (dusn) secondary to raccoon roundworm (baylisascaris procyonis) infection has been reported in rural and suburban areas of north america and europe with extant raccoon populations. here, we present a case of baylisascaris-induced dusn from the densely populated borough of brooklyn in new york city and alert urban ophthalmologists to consider this etiology even in areas not typically thought to be associated with endemic risk factors. infected raccoons a ... | 2010 | 22337758 |
| The mitochondrial genome of Baylisascaris procyonis. | Baylisascaris procyonis (Nematoda: Ascaridida), an intestinal nematode of raccoons, is emerging as an important helminthic zoonosis due to serious or fatal larval migrans in animals and humans. Despite its significant veterinary and public health impact, the epidemiology, molecular ecology and population genetics of this parasite remain largely unexplored. Mitochondrial (mt) genomes can provide a foundation for investigations in these areas and assist in the diagnosis and control of B. procyonis ... | 2011 | 22046447 |
| molecular cloning of an immunogenic protein of baylisascaris procyonis and expression in escherichia coli for use in developing improved serodiagnostic assays. | larva migrans caused by baylisascaris procyonis is an important zoonotic disease. current serological diagnostic assays for this disease depend on the use of the parasite's larval excretory-secretory (es) antigens. in order to identify genes encoding es antigens and to generate recombinant antigens for use in diagnostic assays, construction and immunoscreening of a b. procyonis third-stage larva cdna expression library was performed and resulted in identification of a partial-length cdna clone e ... | 2010 | 20926699 |
| epidemiologic and zoonotic aspects of ascarid infections in dogs and cats. | toxocaracanis and toxocara cati of dogs and cats, respectively, can cause significant disease in people. human seroprevalence for toxocara antibodies varies with factors such as geographic location, socio-economic status, and dietary habits. risk factors for infection include geophagia and low-level education. toxocara canis is better recognized as a cause of human toxocariasis, but toxocara cati should not be overlooked. in addition, patent infections with baylisascaris procyonis, the raccoon a ... | 2010 | 20172762 |
| evaluation of a molecular beacon real-time pcr assay for detection of baylisascaris procyonis in different soil types and water samples. | baylisascaris procyonis is a helminth parasite commonly found in north american raccoons (procyon lotor) that is a cause of clinical neural, ocular, and visceral larva migrans in humans when infective eggs are ingested. rapid detection of b. procyonis eggs in contaminated soil and water would assist public health analysts in evaluating risks associated with public exposure to areas of known raccoon activity. in this study, a molecular beacon probe-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) ... | 2010 | 19956972 |
| differentiation of larva migrans caused by baylisascaris procyonis and toxocara species by western blotting. | baylisascaris procyonis and toxocara species are two important causes of larva migrans in humans. larva migrans caused by toxocara spp. is well known and is diagnosed serologically by enzyme immunoassay. over a dozen cases of larva migrans and associated eosinophilic encephalitis caused by b. procyonis have also been reported, and at least a dozen additional cases are known. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using the excretory-secretory (es) antigen of b. procyonis larvae is currentl ... | 2009 | 19741091 |
| review on electron microscopy in taxonomy and biology of parasitic nemathelminthes. | electron microscopy (em) proved a very helpful means that solved a lot of information in different scientific aspects. em is a very good tool in the hospitals and research centers. it was aimed to pile up available information on the biology in the descriptive morphology of nematodes and their immature stages by scanning (sem) and transmission (tem) electron microscopy. watson (1965a, b) studied euchromadora vulgaris and ascaris sp. by using tem respectively. lee (1969) investigated the ultra-st ... | 2007 | 17580570 |
| migration behaviour and pathogenesis of five ascarid nematode species in the mongolian gerbil meriones unguiculatus. | to understand the characteristic features of the mongolian gerbil, meriones unguiculatus, as an animal model of ascarid infections, the migration behaviour and pathogenesis of larvae were investigated in experimentally infected gerbils. embryonated eggs from each of toxocara canis, baylisascaris procyonis, b. transfuga, ascaris suum, and a. lumbricoides were orally inoculated into gerbils and larvae were recovered from various organs at designated periods. in t. canis-infected gerbils, larvae we ... | 2007 | 17381866 |
| visceral and presumptive neural baylisascariasis in an orangutan (pongo pygmaeus). | a 32.5-year-old female hybrid orangutan (pongo pygmaeus) developed hind-limb stiffness that progressed to tetraparesis over 2 wk. repeated diagnostic evaluations, including serial magnetic resonance imaging of the central nervous system, revealed nonspecific lesions involving both the deep white and gray matter with an intact blood-brain barrier. multiple empirical treatments failed to produce improvement and the animal was humanely euthanized. histology of a granuloma in the ileum contained a n ... | 2006 | 17315445 |
| raccoon roundworm. | | 2006 | 16682706 |
| larva migrans by baylisascaris transfuga: fatal neurological diseases in mongolian jirds, but not in mice. | raccoon roundworms (baylisascaris procyonis) and other baylisascaris species cause patent or latent larva migrans (lm) in a variety of mammals and birds, including humans. it is not clear whether lm by baylisascaris transfuga, roundworms of bears, is associated with clinical neurological disorders. to clarify this issue, icr and balb/c mice as well as mongolian jirds (meriones unguiculatus) were orally inoculated with 2,000-5,000 embryonated eggs of b. transfuga. in mice, the ascarid caused symp ... | 2004 | 15357068 |
| eye findings of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis and multiple choroidal infiltrates associated with neural larva migrans due to bbaylisascaris procyonis. | to report childhood infection with baylisascaris procyonis (raccoon round worm) manifesting as diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (dusn) and choroidal infiltrates in association with neurologic disease (neural larva migrans). | 2003 | 12788132 |
| epidemiological aspects of the first outbreak of baylisascaris procyonis larva migrans in rabbits in japan. | larva migrans caused by the common raccoon ascarid, baylisascaris procyonis, is a zoonotic disease of critical importance in north america. recently we encountered the first proven outbreak of this disease in japan in domestic rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) in a small wildlife park. in this park, raccoons (procyon lotor) had been kept for 9 years, and one raccoon was donated to the park by a pet owner 8 weeks prior to the occurrence of an outbreak in rabbits. of 12 total raccoons, three raccoon ... | 2003 | 12736426 |
| diffuse retinochoroiditis due to baylisascaris procyonis in monglian gerbils. | baylisascaris procyonis, raccoon roundworm, causes a severe retinal lesion in humans. the lesion is termed as diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (dusn). to understand the pathogenesis of b. procyonis in gerbils, we inoculated 17 embryonated eggs/g body weight of b. procyonis into 15 male mongolian gerbils, merionis ungiculatus, and monitored their fundi with an ophthalmoscope. six of 15 gerbils (40%) showed severe retinitis with a sinuous track due to larval movement. the lesions extende ... | 2003 | 12659323 |
| encephalitic nematodiasis in a douglas squirrel and a rock dove ascribed to baylisascaris procyonis. | | 1995 | 7497427 |
| scanning electron microscopy of the labia of baylisascaris procyonis (nematoda). | the labial organization of adult baylisascaris procyonis was studied by scanning electron microscopy, and found to be similar for males and females. the apical part of each lip was smooth, and the basal part reticulated. the dorsal lip possessed two dorsolateral double papillae and two internal labial papillae; the two subventral lips each had one ventrolateral double and one externolateral papilla, two internal labial papillae, and an amphid. the small papilla of each double set was dome-shaped ... | 1982 | 6889644 |
| occurrence of baylisascaris procyonis in raccoon populations on military installations in the washington, d.c. area. | | 1987 | 3103024 |
| good outcome with early empiric treatment of neural larva migrans due to baylisascaris procyonis. | we report a remarkably good outcome in a 14-month-old boy with early clinical diagnosis and aggressive empirical treatment of neural larva migrans caused by the raccoon roundworm baylisascaris procyonis. he presented with fever, meningismus, lethargy, irritability and asymmetric spastic extremity weakness. early findings of marked blood and cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia and of diffuse white matter signal abnormality in the brain and spinal cord on mri suggested a parasitic encephalomyelitis. ... | 2012 | 22311989 |
| molecular analysis of baylisascaris columnaris revealed mitochondrial and nuclear polymorphisms. | baylisascaris species are intestinal nematodes of skunks, raccoons, badgers, and bears belonging to the genus ascarididae. oral uptake of embryonated baylisascaris sp. eggs by a wide variety of mammals and birds can lead to visceral, ocular and neurological larva migrans. b. procyonis, the raccoon roundworm, is known to cause severe illness in intermediate hosts and in humans, whereas the skunk roundworm b. columnaris is probably less pathogenic. skunks and raccoons are kept as pets in europe, s ... | 2013 | 23627901 |
| use of experimental translocations of allegheny woodrat to decipher causal agents of decline. | translocations are an important tool for wildlife conservation, although progress in the field of reintroduction biology has been hindered by the ad hoc and opportunistic nature of many translocations. we used an experimental translocation to elucidate the role of raccoon roundworm (baylisascaris procyonis) and inbreeding depression in the decline of the allegheny woodrat (neotoma magister), an endangered species. we translocated woodrats from genetically diverse populations in the core of the s ... | 2013 | 23647164 |
| baylisascaris procyonis infection in elderly person, british columbia, canada. | | 2012 | 22305101 |
| frequency of deposition and location of baylisascaris procyonis eggs in raccoon feces. | baylisascaris procyonis is a large ascarid nematode found in the small intestine of raccoons (procyon lotor). infection with larvae of b. procyonis can produce visceral, ocular, and neural larval migrans in humans. infected raccoons can shed millions of eggs a day in their feces. however, it is unknown whether eggs are consistently shed or whether eggs occur at irregular intervals by the population of female nematodes within a host. we trapped, infected, and collected daily fecal samples from 11 ... | 2012 | 22247390 |
| diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis: a case of mistaken identity. | the report details a case of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (dusn) wherein a subretinal parasite was visualized and subsequently destroyed with laser photocoagulation. | 2008 | 25390610 |