| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in horses. | | 1979 | 448624 |
| [fine-structure changes in toxoplasma gondii trophozoites after deep-freezing with dimethyl sulphoxide (author's transl)]. | the changes observed in trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii after deep-freeze preservation were examined by electron microscopy. toxoplasmas (strain bk) from peritoneal exudate of infected nmri mice were supended in ringer's solution, deep-frozen in liquid nitrogen with 5% dimethylsulphoxide (dmso), and compared after thawing with control samples with and without the addition of dmso. slight structural changes such as widening of endoplasmic reticulum, formation of fissures in the cytoplasm, and l ... | 1979 | 452644 |
| the effect of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole on toxoplasma gondii in vitro and in vivo. | trimethoprim (tmp) and sulfamethoxazole (smz) were studied alone and in combination to determine their effect in vitro on intracellular toxoplasma gondii and in vivo against murine toxoplasmosis. in the in vitro experiments, whereas 1 and 2 microgram/ml tmp had no demonstrable effect on intracellular t. gondii, 10-20 microgram/ml tmp resulted in death of the intracellular organisms; concentrations as high as 100 microgram/ml smz had no demonstrable effect against the intracellular organisms. whe ... | 1979 | 453442 |
| [toxoplasma gondii in cultures of spinal ganglia in the chick embryo. interference contrast and electron microscopy studies (proceedings)]. | | 1979 | 464399 |
| effect of sex hormones on the immune system of guinea-pigs and on the development of toxoplasmic lesions in non-lymphoid organs. | the role of cell-mediated immunity in the pathogenesis of toxoplasmic lesions in non-lymphoid organs and its significance in resistance to infection with toxoplasma gondii were studied in guinea-pigs. alteration of the sex hormonal environment in both sexes has significant effects on the immunological status of the guinea-pig, changing its reaction to toxoplasmic infection. thus, gonadectomy appears to enhance delayed hypersensitivity, leading to a greater prominence of lesions in the non-lympho ... | 1979 | 466859 |
| effect of gonadectomy and oestrogen administration on the response of lymph-node post-capillary venules to infection with toxoplasma gondii. | the effects of gonadectomy and oestrogen administration on the response of lymph-node post-capillary venules to infection with toxoplasma gondii have been studied in mice. the endothelial cells of the post-capillary venules were significantly higher in the female than in the male controls. oophorectomy had no significant effect while orchidectomy increased the height of the cells. however, hexoestrol administration resulted in a rise of the height to maximum levels in the female and in the male ... | 1979 | 469638 |
| relationship between spontaneous abortion and presence of antibody to toxoplasma gondii. | five hundred and twenty-three pregnant women were screened to determine whether a relationship existed between spontaneous abortion, and the presence of antibody to toxoplasma gondii. the percentage of women with this antibody and a past history of spontaneous miscarriage was not statistically different from the percentage of women without antibody and a past history of spontaneous abortion. | 1979 | 470746 |
| toxoplasmosis in a calf. | gross post mortem and histopathological changes are described in a calf with toxoplasmosis. the major pathological changes were restricted to the lungs and kidneys and comprised interstitial pneumonia with multifocal necrosis, and glomerular necrosis. many pseudocysts were present in both organs. the calf had been in close contact with young cats, one of which was killed and examined and shown to have a high antibody titre to toxoplasma gondii, although there was little histological evidence of ... | 1979 | 473542 |
| diagnosis of toxoplasmosis by electron microscopic fine-structural analysis. | the analysis of fine structures by electron microscopic examination of ultrathin tissue sections permitted a diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in a fatal human case that would have gone undiagnosed by conventional methods. examination of histologically prepared sections revealed organisms that were morphologically nondiagnostic. fine-structural analysis showed the organisms to be 3 x 2 micrometer in size, to contain few micronemes, to contain as many as nine rhoptries, to possess an apical conoid, and ... | 1979 | 474498 |
| toxoplasma gondii: purification of trophozoites propagated in cell culture. | | 1979 | 477817 |
| toxoplasma gondii-vertebrate cell interactions. ii. the intracellular reproductive phase. | the reproduction of toxoplasma gondii rh-strain in vertebrate cells was studied in a controlled-environment culture system. the lag period before reproduction and the doubling time of individual parasites were determined using a least-squares linear regression method of analysis which does not artificially constrain the data. in the majority of cases, the time intercept of the linear regression line was either zero, implying the lack of a lag phase before reproduction, or negative, implying the ... | 1979 | 480273 |
| toxoplasma gondii: human interferon studies by plaque assay. | | 1979 | 482284 |
| occurrence of toxoplasma gondii in slaughter pigs in india. | a serological and cultural investigation on the occurrence of t. gondii amongst slaughter pigs in north india has been carried out. toxoplasma antibodies were found in the sera of 31.5% of the 178 pigs examined by the indirect haemagglutination test. seropositivity at titres of 1:128 or more was shown by 11.8% of the animals. isolation by mouse passage was successful in one out of the 26 tissue samples from 17 pigs. this is the first isolation of t. gondii from pigs in this country. | 1979 | 483365 |
| toxoplasma antibodies in ophthalmological patients. | sera of 532 patients suffering from different ophthalmological diseases were studied for the presence of toxoplasma antibodies. complement fixation test was positive in 44.9% of the patients. as compared with the 26.8% positivity rate determined earlier in the normal population the seropositivity in eye-patients was significantly higher. the highest incidence, 50%, was found in the age group of 21--30 years. in diseases with a confirmed aetiological role of toxoplasmosis, the incidence of seropo ... | 1979 | 484265 |
| destruction of toxoplasma gondii by hc1 solution. | it was shown that the destruction of toxoplasma gondii by pepsin-hcl solution was due to the acid only. endozoites were destroyed faster by hydrochloric acid than cystozoites. furthermore, endozoites were stained faster than cystozoites in an alkaline solution of methylene blue. for this reason, endozoites were assumed to have a higher permeability than cystozoites. the action of hydrochloric acid was used for demonstration of cystozoites in mouse peritoneum cavity. no cystozoites were found aft ... | 1979 | 495099 |
| ultrastructural studies on the sporulation of oocysts of toxoplasma gondii. iii. formation of the sporozoites within the sporocysts. | | 1979 | 495102 |
| toxoplasmosis presenting as brain abscesses. diagnosis by computerized tomography and cytology of aspirated purulent material. | a patient with brain abscesses caused by toxoplasma gondii is described. presence of brain abscesses was confirmed by computerized tomography, and t. gondii was identified as the etiologic agent in cytologic preparations of aspirated purulent material from one of the abscesses. | 1979 | 495641 |
| effects of toxoplasma gondii (gleadle strain) on the host-parasite relationship in trichinosis. | | 1979 | 500281 |
| [macrophages infected with toxoplasma gondii rh. in vitro effect of cotrimoxazole on the interaction between mitochondria and parasitophoric vacuoles]. | | 1979 | 503817 |
| polytenosynovitis caused by toxoplasma gondii. | | 1979 | 505207 |
| [the toxoplasmin skin test (st) - a safe method to reveal endured contact with toxoplasma gondii? (author's transl)]. | toxoplasmin skin tests were applied to 4.341 pregnant women, between august 1975 and december 1977, and 30 per cent of them were serologically tested by means of dt and fr. findings were in fair agreement in 87 per cent of all cases. this result was compared to similar examinations conducted earlier in the past. discrepancies in excess of 30 per cent were quoted elsewhere in literature. possible causes are discussed in greater detail. - a clearcut correlation was found to exist between the inten ... | 1979 | 506534 |
| ultrastructural changes in mouse peritoneal exudate cells during infection with toxoplasma gondii. | infections of mouse peritoneal exudate cells with trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii (bk strain) were studied by means of electron microscopy. after i.p. injection of toxoplasma-trophozoites macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes migrate into the peritoneal cavity of mice. all these cells can be parasitized by t. gondii. multiplication of phagocytosed trophozoites is not inhibited, but obviously the infected cells favour their growth. | 1979 | 506555 |
| isolation of toxoplasma gondii from suspected human cases. | | 1979 | 511256 |
| virulence of some isolates of toxoplasma gondii. | | 1979 | 511257 |
| macrophage oxygen-dependent antimicrobial activity. ii. the role of oxygen intermediates. | the capacity of three populations of mouse peritoneal macrophages to generate oxidative metabolites (as judged by extracellular release of h2o2) was compared to their ability to influence the intracellular fate of virulent toxoplasma gondii. macrophages from normal mice released little h2o2 and allowed unrestricted multiplication of intracellular toxoplasmas. cells from chronically infected, immune (im) mice released 4 times more h2o2 and displayed microbistatic activity. in contrast, macrophage ... | 1979 | 512587 |
| penetration of maturating red blood cells by toxoplasma gondii. | penetration of toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites was studied in vitro using murine erythroid cells at different stages of development. toxoplasma gondii penetrated nucleated erythroblasts and macroreticulocytes from foetal mouse liver and the circulating erythrocytes of foetal, neonatal or severely anaemic adult mice. immature reticulocytes were more susceptible to penetration than mature ones, indicating that some change in their membrane properties occurred during maturation. the present results c ... | 1979 | 512638 |
| [interaction of toxoplasma gondii endozoites with the omental cells of the white mouse in acute experimental infestation. an electron microscopic study]. | the omentum of 8 white mice was examined 24--96 hours after the intraperitoneal infection. endozoites are capable of intensive intrusion not only into phagocytizing cells (hystocytes, peritoneal macrophages) but also into the cells which are not phagocytes (mesothelium). just after the intrusion metabolism of the host-cell intensifies and in it are formed special structures which facilitate metabolic processes between the cell and the parasite (microvilli on the membrane of the parasitophore vac ... | 1979 | 514628 |
| autoradiographic study on the pyrimidine metabolism of toxoplasma gondii, in its extracellular forms. | | 1979 | 515462 |
| serologic survey for toxoplasma gondii in wild animals in florida. | blood samples were collected for serum separation from 114 species of wild animals (25 species of mammals, 82 species of birds, and 7 species of reptiles) in florida. each of the 3,471 samples was tested for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii, using the indirect hemagglutination test. the highest prevalences of t gondii antibodies were 19% in armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus), 18% in raccoons (procyon lotor), 13% in black rats (rattus rattus), and 11% in opossums (didelphis marsupialis). antibody p ... | 1979 | 521384 |
| an ultrastructural study on the excystation of the sporozoites of toxoplasma gondii. | the ultrastructural changes which occur during the in vitro excystation of the sporozoites of toxoplasma gondii were examined. the excystation was carried out at 37 degrees c on suspensions of oocysts which had been ground and then treated with an excysting medium containing 0.25% trypsin and 0.75% sodium taurocholate in phosphate buffered saline, ph 7.3. it was found that sporocysts within intact oocysts were unaffected while sporocysts exposed to the medium ruptured. the sporocyst wall consist ... | 1979 | 525353 |
| direct development of enteroepithelial stages of toxoplasma in the intestines of cats fed cysts. | four newborn (1- to 2-day-old) and two weaned (55- to 67-day-old) toxoplasma-free cats were killed between 23 and 120 hours after ingestion of toxoplasma gondii cysts from the brains of infected mice, and the cats' tissues were examined for the development of toxoplasma. intraepithelial toxoplasma types (b, c, and d) were found in sections of small intestine. homogenates of mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, and liver of each cat were injected intraperitoneally into each of six weaned toxoplasma-fr ... | 1979 | 525882 |
| toxoplasma gondii: scanning electron microscope studies on the small intestine of infected and uninfected cats. | the mucosal surfaces of villi from the small intestine of cats infected with toxoplasma gondii were studied with the scanning electron microscope and compared with those from uninfected control cats. in uninfected cats villi were predominantly leaf shaped and were lined with ridges; goblet cell openings could be seen. the enterocytes had a hexagonal surface outline and were dome-shaped. infected cats had both normal and abnormal villi. injured villi were shortened and attained a broad leaf shape ... | 1979 | 539422 |
| toxoplasmosis as a cause of perinatal death in goats. | lesions typical of congenital toxoplasmosis were found in 5 aborted and stillborn kids. serological findings in 2 of these kids and all their dams supported the diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis. in additon. toxoplasma gondii was isolated from twin kids. | 1979 | 539933 |
| activity of human blood leukocytes against toxoplasma gondii. | previous reports on the ability of toxoplasma gondii to multiply within human mononuclear phagocytes have supported the concept that the phagocytes may protect toxoplasma from antibody and act as a transport mechanism for dissemination of the organism throughout the body. however, after phagocytosis of viable toxoplasma, greater than 80% of freshly isolated human peripheral blood monocytes and 50% of polymorphonuclear leukocytes rapidly destroyed these intracellular organisms. virtually no repli ... | 1979 | 541523 |
| studies on the isolation of the infective stages of trichinella spiralis and toxoplasma gondii from fresh and processed pork in egypt. | | 1979 | 541599 |
| [incidence of autoantibodies in the blood serum of patients with serologically confirmed toxoplasma gondii infection]. | | 1979 | 544983 |
| [frequency of latent connatal toxoplasma gondii infection in children and their development]. | the incidence and clinical symptoms of toxoplasma gondii-primoinfection during pregnancy are ascertained basing on a prospective survey comprising 1,697 gravid women. the rate of the first infection during pregnancy was 7.6%, the connatal infection rate 5.6%, the premature birth rate in connatal infection 44%. in cases of connatal infection which were proved serologically with sft and cft, the development of the children was followed up to the age of 9 and 10 years. | 1979 | 547746 |
| biology of toxoplasma gondii, its survival in body tissues and liquids, risks for the pregnant woman. | after briefly outlining the biology of toxoplasma gondii the authors discuss the resistance of the parasite in body liquids and tissues under certain environmental conditions. parasite resistance and its consequent risk of human infection, particularly for the pregnant woman, is emphasized. toxoplasma oocysts, the sexual expression of the parasite, and the cyst facilitate the diffusion of toxoplasma, as they are much more resistant than the trophozoite. | 1979 | 552276 |
| [the post-transfusional toxoplasmosis (author's transl)]. | the sera of 85 patients suffering from cooley anemia, 100 normal children of the same group of age, and 550 blood donors have been tested for the presence of anti-toxoplasma antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence test. the sera of 10 thalassemic patients gave positive reactions at a dilution reaging from 1/64 to 1/2048; in 2 sera a positive reaction was obtained with specific anti-igm antibodies, indicating an active infection. in the control group, only 2 positive sera have been found. in do ... | 1979 | 554162 |
| attempted transmission of toxoplasma gondii infection from pregnant cats to their kittens. | sixteen 1- to 7-week-old pregnant specific-pathogen free cats were inoculated orally with toxoplasma gondii cysts. fetuses and neonatal kittens were examined for toxoplasma infection by inoculating suspensions of their tissues into mice. toxoplasma gondii was not isolated from 23 fetuses and 16 newborn kittens from 13 queens. six (3 litters) of the 15 kittens from the 3 remaining queens were killed on the day of or a day after birth, and the remaining 9 kittens were housed with their mothers for ... | 1977 | 557468 |
| attempeted transmission of feline coccidia from chronically infected queens to their kittens. | eight female, 12- to 34-month-old, specific-pathogen free cats were inoculated orally with toxoplasma gondii cysts on day 0, then with isospora felis and isospora rivolta oocysts on day 39, and cysts of hammondia hammondi on day 86 after inoculation with toxoplasma. all cats shed oocysts of all 4 of these coccidia within 11 postinoculation days. the female cats were caged with 4 male toxoplasma-free cats, starting 66 days after inoculation with toxoplasma, until they were 5 to 6 weeks pregnant. ... | 1977 | 557469 |
| experimental infection of bovines with oocysts of toxoplasma gondii. | calves aged 3 months were readily infected with oocysts and cysts of toxoplasma gondii administered by oral route. fever, respiratory distress, nasal discharge and hyperemia of the conjunctivas were the most significant clinical signs noted in the infected animals. parasitemia was demonstrated in all infected calves. it occurred on different days and up to 62 days after the infection. toxoplasma was demonstrated in tissues of all infected calves, and the organ most frequently parasitized was the ... | 1977 | 558305 |
| [human infection by toxoplasma gondii in two isolated communities with different dietary sources (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 562527 |
| toxoplasma gondii in the semen of rams. | | 1978 | 565099 |
| [characteristics of toxoplasmosis-induced myocarditis in experimental peroral infection]. | in oral infection with cysts and oocysts of strain 131 toxoplasma gondii, specific interstitial productive myocarditis with involvement of the endo- and pericardium developed in albino mice and guinea pigs in the acute stage of the process. toxoplasmic myocarditis terminated in focal cardiosclerosis. the intensity of cardiac affection was higher in oral infection with toxoplasm oocysts than in infection with cysts than in infection with cysts. unabating persistence of toxoplasms in the myocardiu ... | 1978 | 566810 |
| a comparative study of some combined treatment regimens in acute toxoplasmosis in mice. | the effectiveness of five treatment regimens was compared to mice during acute and late infection with toxoplasma gondii. parasitic cure rates, as judged by failure of brain tissue from surviving mice to produce infection when inoculated into clean mice, were as follows: pyrimethamine + sulfamethoxypyridazine, 92%; clindamycin + sulfamethoxypyridazine, 75%; spiramycin + sulfamethoxypyridazine, 16.7%; trimethoprim + sulfamethoxypryridazine alone, 0%. pyrimethamine + sulfamethoxypyridazine was the ... | 1978 | 567439 |
| ultrastructural studies on the sporulation of oocysts of toxoplasma gondii. i. development of the zygote and formation of the sporoblasts. | the initial stages of sporulation in oocysts of toxoplasma gondii were examined in samples sporulated at 27 degrees c for 0, 6, 12, 16 and 24 hours. the initial zygote was roughly spherical and was limited by a single unit membrane. a few micropores of the inactive type were present on this membrane. the cytoplasm contained a large nucleus with a nucleolus, a number of polysaccharide granules, lipid globules, mitochondria, and golgi bodies together with a few strands of rough endoplasmic reticul ... | 1979 | 573045 |
| ultrastructural studies on the sporulation of oocysts of toxoplasma gondii. ii. formation of the sporocyst and structure of the sporocyst wall. | the ultrastructural changes observed during sporocyst formation and the structure of the sporocyst wall was examined in oocysts which had been allowed to sporulate for between 12 and 48 hours at 27 degrees c. as the spherical sporoblast developed into the sporocyst the cytoplasmic mass became ellipsoidal in shape although no change was noted in the organelle compliment, which cosisted of two nuclei plus a number of polysaccharide granules, lipid globules, mitochondria, golgi bodies, and some rou ... | 1979 | 573046 |
| verification of tween-ether antigen for complement fixation test in the diagnostics of toxoplasmosis. | tween-ether toxoplasma antigen for the complement fixation test was verified on a more extensive clinical material. from a series of 949 patient's sera, positive reaction was obtained in 44% of samples with the tween-ether antigen and in only 33.5% of samples with the ft antigen. all sera, giving positive results only with the tween-ether antigen, were also positive in the sabin-feldman test. the authors believe that by using this type of more sensitive antigen, containing also the cell-wall com ... | 1979 | 575152 |
| suppression and enhancement of humoral immune response to toxoplasma gondii by passive antibody. | anti-toxoplasma antibodies administered passively to mice may lead to suppression of enhancement (reported for the first time with protozoan parasites) of subsequent antibody response when these animals are later infected with toxoplasma gondii. the outcome is dependent on infecting strain of toxoplasma and the antigen-antibody ratio. | 1977 | 590445 |
| effect of alveolar macrophages on toxoplasma gondii. | as pulmonary involvement can occur in disseminated toxoplasmosis in immunosuppressed patients, studies were initiated to define local mechanisms of resistance of the lung to toxoplasma gondii. alveolar macrophages were obtained from normal mice and mice chronically infected with t. gondii by bronchopulmonary lavage and cultured in vitro. although normal alveolar macrophages were difficult to infect with toxoplasma, they supported intracellular multiplication of this organism. when exposed to tox ... | 1977 | 591065 |
| detection of circulating antigen during acute infections with toxoplasma gondii by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis is usually based on demonstration of antibodies by means of different serological methods. however, for confirmation of active toxoplasmosis, examination of paired sera is still needed. in this study a description is given of a sensitive enzyme method (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) with which it is possible to detect circulating antigens during the acute stage of mouse and human toxoplasmosis. preliminary investigations of human sera suggested that circula ... | 1977 | 591627 |
| search for the presence of lectin-binding sites on toxoplasma gondii. | evidence for the presence of carbohydrate on the surface membrane of toxoplasma gondii trophozoites and on the cell wall of toxoplasma brain cysts was sought by fluorescent lectin staining. using fitc-conjugated preparations of concanavalin a (con a), wheat germ agglutinin (wga), or soy bean agglutinin (sba), we have failed to obtain evidence for the binding of these lectins on the surface of t. gondii trophozoites. in contrast, the three test lectins bound effectively and specifically to the wa ... | 1977 | 592038 |
| chorioretinitis in the adolescent: two case presentations with discussion. | two cases of chorioretinitis in adolescence demonstrate the characteristic course of events. it is typically caused by toxoplasma gondii and is usually acquired congenitally. toxocara infection must be considered in younger children. other etiologic agents are rarely implicated in children and youth. diagnosis of toxoplasmic chorioretinitis is based on a characteristic history of visual disturbance and specific funduscopic appearance, along with confirmatory serological studies. management is co ... | 1977 | 600601 |
| the effect of chemo-immunotherapy with sdds, pyrimethamine and anti-toxoplasma serum on toxoplasma gondii cysts in latent infected nmri mice. | a substantial reduction of brain cyst numbers could be obtained through a six week therapy with sdds-pyrimethamine combination or a high titer anti-toxoplasma serum. nmri mice experimentally infected three months earlier with cyst-forming toxoplasma strains witting, alt or gail were used. the effectiveness of the treatments could be increased considerably by simultaneous administration of anti-toxoplasma serum and sdds-pyrimethamine. a highly significant reduction of brain cyst numbers, upto 65% ... | 1977 | 601857 |
| toxoplasmosis. | recent research has shown that toxoplasma gondii, the cause of human toxoplasmosis, is a protozoan close to the genus isospora, whose life cycle involves cats as the definitive host, and other mammals, including man, and birds as intermediate hosts. cats shed oocysts in their faeces; these are infective to the intermediate hosts when ingested. but the non-felid intermediate hosts can also become infected by eating other intermediate hosts. probably most human infections occur in this manner and ... | 1977 | 603449 |
| survey of toxoplasma antibodies among sheep in western united states. | a survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies among breeding ewes and among lambs slaughtered for food in western united states. each serum was tested by the indirect hemaglutination method, using microtiter technique. agglutination (greater than or equal to 2 +) at the 1:64 dilution was considered to be a positive reaction. of 2,164 ewes from 18 flocks tested in california, 523 (24%) were seropositive for toxoplasma gondii, with prevalence rates among flocks rangin ... | 1977 | 604325 |
| immunization of nmri mice against virulent toxoplasma gondii. differing efficacy of eleven cyst-forming toxoplasma strains. | mice were infected with eleven cyst-forming toxoplasma strains of varying virulence and challenged 1 month later with highly virulent bk strain parasites. the early cellular reaction in vivo was estimated by collecting the peritoneal exudates 24 h after challenge. this consisted of 54.34--77.61% lymphocytes and 0-8.88% infected macrophages in the eleven immunized groups in contrast to 27.17% lymphocytes and 18.64% infected macrophages in the control group. the peritoneal exudate 72 h after chall ... | 1977 | 605650 |
| [incidence of the oocyst of toxoplasma gondii in the domestic cat of the federal district of the city of mexico]. | | 1977 | 608559 |
| haemagglutination antigen from toxoplasma gondii grown in tissue culture. | | 1977 | 608743 |
| [toxoplasmosis. a common infection, not very often recognized clinically]. | epidemiological survey and microscopical diagnosis point out that toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan infection usually with percentages of positivity higher than 20 per cent. even in places with prosperous economical conditions the human infections can be relatively high due to the habit of eating raw meat or not properly exposed to temperatures lethal to toxoplasma gondii. but sometimes they can be explained by cultural patterns or to individual psicological factors in relation to cats, the defini ... | 1977 | 613305 |
| biomedical survey in north samar province, philippine islands. | a biomedical survey was carried out in north samar province, philipines to update information on the prevalence of parasitic and other infectious diseases. a total of 1,394 stool specimens, 1,859 blood smears and 1,274 sera were collected from persons living in 8 barrios. stools were examined for intestinal parasites, bloods smears for malaria and filariasis and sera tested for antibodies to schistosoma japonicum, entamoeba histolytica, toxoplasma gondii, influenza a and b, and japanese encephal ... | 1977 | 614707 |
| [a comparison of ultrax, diazil, bactrim and spiramycin in experimental toxoplasmosis in mice (author's transl)]. | white mice infected intraperitoneally with the rh-strain of toxoplasma gondii (inoculum size 50,000 to 100,000 free protozoans per mouse) received treatment between the second and eighth day after infection with sulphamethazine-pyrimethamine, sulphamethoxy-diazine-pyrimethamine, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole or spiramycin subcutaneously. all untreated controls and all mice of the trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and spiramycin-treated groups died during the acute stage (except two mice in the lat ... | 1978 | 625985 |
| genetic control of murine resistance to toxoplasma gondii. | the genetics of murine susceptibility to toxoplasma gondii was investigated in inbred mice and their f1 and f2 offspring. among four strains of congenic mice of the b10 background, those with h-2a/a and h-2b/b genotypes were more susceptible than were those with h-2d/d and h-2k/k genotypes. breeding studies utilizing three of these strains demonstrated linkage between the h-2a allele and greater susceptibility. these data suggest the existence of an h-2-linked gene affecting susceptibility to t. ... | 1978 | 631881 |
| aging and the immune response. i. antibody formation and chronic infection in toxoplasma gondii-infected mice. | studies were performed to determine the effect of aging on the antibody response and cyst formations after infection with a relatively avirulent strain of the intracellular parasite toxoplasma gondii. when compared with young mice (4 months), aged mice showed a significant decrease in the magnitude of humoral immune response to infection. this decrease was observed at the peak of the acute infection and also during chronic infection. evaluation of the presence of toxoplasma cysts, a measure of t ... | 1978 | 632593 |
| aging and the immune response. ii. lymphocyte responsiveness and macrophage activation in toxoplasma gondii-infected mice. | | 1978 | 632594 |
| the effect of passively transferred heterologous serum on toxoplasma gondii in nmri mice. influence of the treatment on course of infection and cyst formation. | anti-toxoplasma serum from rabbits or normal toxoplasma negative serum from humans was administered to nmri mice by intraperitoneal, intravenous or oral routes. transfer of immune serum intrapertioneally 48 hours before lethal challenge with cyst forming alt strain conferred significant resistance to normal recipients as assessed by a 55% reduction in the number of brain cysts and 89% survival rate. survivors of the groups receiving oral administration of immune or normal serum 48 hours prior to ... | 1978 | 636705 |
| outbreak of toxoplasmosis in a family and documentation of acquired retinochoroiditis. | an outbreak of toxoplasmosis in one household is described. it demonstrates the potential for a common source infection with toxoplasma gondii to cause multiple cases. six of seven members of a household investigated for toxoplasmosis demonstrated high antibody titers consistent with recent infection; five of these members (83%) were symptomatic. the most common manifestations were fever and lymphadenopathy, which developed from seven to 18 days (mean 11 days) after a common source ingestion of ... | 1978 | 637054 |
| monocyte function in human neonates. | monocytes of healthy, full-term newborns were isolated from cord blood, and functional and biochemical activities were quantitated. the yield of monocytes per milliliter of cord blood was 60% greater than that from the peripheral blood of healthy adults. placental monocytes were initially less well spread than cells from adults, but no other morphological differences were noted. during 4 days of in vitro cultivation, placental monocytes secreted lysozyme at a constant rate, lost peroxidase activ ... | 1978 | 640736 |
| mediation of immunity to intracellular infection (toxoplasma and besnoitia) within somatic cells. | antigen-treated lymphocytes from immune hamsters specifically protected not only macrophages, but also cultured fibroblasts and kidney cells infected with toxoplasma gondii or besnoitia jellisoni. macrophages were not necessary for the protection of fibroblasts and kidney cells. a mediator that inhibited the intracellular proliferation of these microbes was obtained from immune lymphocytes in contact with specific antigen. again, macrophages were not necessary for the elaboration of this mediato ... | 1978 | 640741 |
| freeze-etching observations on toxoplasma gondii-cysts from brain of mastomys natalensis. | | 1978 | 644098 |
| toxoplasmosis of the central nervous system in the adult. electron microscopic observations. | the fine structure and reproductive mechanisms of toxoplasma gondii are described in a case of toxoplasma encephalitis. replication was observed in glial cells by an internal budding process: endodyogeny. distinctive ultrastructural features associated with host cell penetration, and encystation are described. electron microscopic features previously reported in tissue culture and in experimentally produced infections with t. gondii are confirmed in the human brain tissue. | 1978 | 645358 |
| survey for toxoplasmosis in wild and domestic animals from norway and sweden. | fifty-nine of 1250 (4.7%) wild and domestic animals from norway and sweden had positive dye-test titers (greater than or equal to 1:8) for antibody against toxoplasma gondii. a dye-test titer of 1:8 (30-40 i.u.) or higher was detected in 3 of 732 small rodents (0.4%), 21 of 87 domestic cats (24%), 9 of 29 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) (31%), 2 of 2 domesticated arctic foxes (alopex lagopus), 12 of 99 red deer (cervus elaphus) (12%), 5 of 8 roe deer (capreolus capreolus) (63%) and in 7 of 34 wild rab ... | 1978 | 650778 |
| occurrence and attempted transmission of toxoplasma gondii in european starlings (sturnus vulgaris). | serums of 563 fledgling starlings (sturnus vulgaris) trapped during a 14 month period near lodi, california were examined for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii using the microtiter indirect hemagglutination method. titers ranging from 1:64 to 1:512 were found in 4.8% of the birds. starlings collected during may through october had a higher prevalence of antibody than those collected during november through april. rats inoculated with individual heart and brain suspensions from 10 seropositive star ... | 1978 | 650781 |
| [pathomorphology of experimental toxoplasmosis produced by oral inoculation of albino mice and guinea pigs with the cysts and oocysts of toxoplasma gondii]. | | 1978 | 651790 |
| experimental toxoplasmosis in young piglets. | piglets eight to 10 days old and one day old were infected with a cyst-forming strain of toxoplasma gondii of low virulence. the older piglets developed an immunological response to the infection and survived, although inflammatory lesions were demonstrable in a variety of tissues. some of the one-day-old piglets died; they exhibited more severe inflammatory lesions and lymphoid depletion in the lymph nodes, spleen and thymus. the tissue reaction resembled infection with a high-virulence strain ... | 1978 | 653114 |
| [cytochemical study of various stages of life cycle of toxoplasma gondii. 11. oxidation-reduction enzymes in the parasites during developmental stages in cat's intestines]. | dehydrogenases of glycolysis, krebs' cycle and pentose phosphate shunt were investigated in the intestinal stages of t. gondii. the "oval stages" appeared to display the activity of all the enzymes studied differing in this from merozoites and macrogametocytes. the macrogametocytes displayed very low, if any, activity of the enzymes studied, even the mature parasites. immediately after fertilization, sharp shifts were observed in the oxidative metabolism of the zygote: from very low or negative ... | 1978 | 653827 |
| the prevalence of serum antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in ontario mammals. | the prevalence of seropositive reactions to toxoplasma gondii was studied in farm animals, companion animals, wild rodents and birds. of the animals tested, 17% of cattle, 65% of sheep, 45% of pigs, 9% of horses, 33% of dogs and 20% of cats were seropositive by the sabin-feldman dye test. in addition 11% of mice (mus musculus), 5% of deer mice (peromyscus), 3% of rats (rattus norvegicus) and less than 2% of sparrows (passer domestcus) were seropositive. all samples from short-tailed field mice ( ... | 1978 | 667705 |
| effect of cytochalasin d on toxoplasma gondii cell entry. | cytochalasin d did not prevent attachment but did prevent entry of toxoplasma gondii into peritoneal macrophages and bladder tumor 4934 cells. inhibition of entry of t. gondii into peritoneal macrophages by cytochalasin d was dose related and comparable to inhibition of phagocytosis. prevention of entry of t. gondii into bladder tumor 4934 cells by cytochalasin d followed a dose response identical to that observed with peritoneal macrophages. after removal of the medium containing cytochalasin d ... | 1978 | 669821 |
| [invasion of erythrocytes by toxoplasma gondii (author's transl)]. | the in vitro-invasion of mouse erythrocytes by toxoplasma gondii could be detected and analysed by electron microscopy. the sequence of events observed during erythrocyte invasion led to the assumption of an actively penetrating parasite into the non-phagocytic host cell. | 1978 | 695820 |
| ultrastructural localization of basic proteins on the conoid, rhoptries and micronemes of toxoplasma gondii. | the ethanolic phosphotungstic acid (e-pta) technique was used to locate basis proteins in trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii, obtained from the peritoneal exudate of infected mice. the reaction was observed mainly on the conoid, rhoptries, and micronemes of both extracellular and intracellular parasites. the strongest reaction was observed on rhoptries. nuclei and ribosomes from parasites and host cells also reacted. the role of basic proteins on rhoptries and micronemes is discussed with a view ... | 1978 | 695824 |
| approximative molecular weight of the active component in toxoplasmin. | the approximative molecular weight of toxoplasmin -- a skin reactive extract from toxoplasma gondii -- was estimated by ultrafiltration through different amicon membranes. the activity of the filtered and unfiltered product was compared with the aid of intradermal test on humans. the results indicate that the molecular weight of an active component in toxoplasmin is in the range from 10 000 to 50 000. | 1978 | 700509 |
| [dynamics of toxoplasma gondii distribution in the organs and tissues of white mice with an acute infestation]. | the dynamics of the distribution and concentration of toxoplasms of strain rh in organs and tissues of white mice infected subcutaneously was studied by the titration method during the toxoplasmatic infection. the distribution of toxoplasms in the organism was found to be active in the first 30 to 60 minutes with a subsequent fall of their concentration. in 24 hours no parasites were discovered by the bio-assay method. on the next days toxoplasms in the organs reached such abundance that caused ... | 1978 | 704143 |
| toxoplasma gondii antibodies in nigerian goats. | toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 27 of 848 sera from nigerian breeds of goats. the significance of this finding in relation to livestock production and human public health in nigeria is briefly discussed. | 1978 | 705898 |
| retinitis secondary to acquired systemic toxoplasmosis with isolation of the parasite. | a 43-year-old woman developed a heterophile-negative infectious mononucleosis syndrome for which no cause was apparent. during her illness she developed subjective changes in the central vision of her right eye and had focal retinal inflammation, which suggested the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. the clinical course was accompanied by an increased titer to toxoplasma gondii. organisms were isolated from lymph node tissue and injected into the peritoneum of mice from which organisms were harvested. | 1978 | 707602 |
| the importance of trophozoites in transmission of toxoplasmosis: survival and pathogenity of toxoplasma gondii trophozoites in liquid media. | it has been generally assumed that toxoplasma gondii trophozoites cannot survive long outside the body, and that toxoplasmosis is transmitted by transplacental infection, cysts and oocysts. we tested the survival and pathogenicity of separated toxoplasma trophozoites in saline, colostrum, and solutions of albumen and serum, and the penetration of toxoplasma trophozoites from infected secretions through mucous membranes of nose, conjunctiva, and mouth. the trophozoites survived 24 h in saline, 3 ... | 1978 | 713894 |
| [pulmonary miliaria caused by toxoplasma gondii in an adult]. | | 1978 | 714266 |
| observations on the ultrastructure of the sporocyst and the initiation of sporozoite formation in toxoplasma gondii. | the ultrastructure of the immature sporocyst and the initiation of sporozoite formation in t. gondii was examined in oocysts which had been allowed to sporulate for 12 or 24 hours at 27 degrees c. the sporocyst was ellipsoidal in shape and possessed a two layered sporocyst wall. a nucleus, with associated golgi bodies, was situated at either end of the organism. the cytoplasm of the sporocyst also contained a number of polysaccharide granules, lipid globules, mitochondria and a few strands of ro ... | 1978 | 716917 |
| effect of sdds (2-'sulfamonyl-4,4'-diamino diphenylsulphone) on experimental infection with toxoplasma gondii in rabbits. | | 1978 | 721183 |
| prevalence of coxiella burnetii (q fever) and toxoplasma gondii among dairy goats in california. | the prevalence of antibodies against coxiella burnetii and toxoplasma gondii, the causative agents of q fever and toxoplasmosis, was examined in goats to determine the extent of the potential of goats to tansfer these infections to persons. of 1,054 goats from 234 premises in california, 248 goats (24%) were seropositive for c burnetii and 246 (23%) were seropositive for t gondii. of 29 dairy goats tested, 2 (7%) were found to be shedding the q fever rickettsia in their milk; t gondii was not de ... | 1978 | 727592 |
| toxoplasmosis among the ticuna indians in the state of amazonas, brazil. | results of a serologic survey for toxoplasma gondii among 408 ticuna indians from five villages in western brazil are presented and compared with the results of 61 non-indian inhabitants of the town of codajas, amazonas. indirect hemagglutination antibody titers greater than or equal to 64 were found in 39% of the ticuna population as compared to 77% of the codajas population. prevalence rates of titers greater than or equal to 256 were 20.3% for ticunas and 39.3% for codajas. prevalence rates o ... | 1978 | 734754 |
| the detection of hammondia hammondi in australia and the identification of a free-living intermediate host. | a cat fed commercially prepared cat food and free-living rats (rattus rattus and r. norvegicus) passed coccidian oocysts which were morphologically similar to toxoplasma gondii. mice dosed with these oocysts did not develop toxoplasmosis, but instead developed small, thin-walled parasitic cysts containing small bradyzoites in their striated muscles. these cysts measured 35 to 90 micron by 9 to 40 micron and they resembled cysts of hammondia hammondi. unlike t. gondii this coccidian parasite was ... | 1978 | 735301 |
| effect of cyclophosphamide on toxoplasma gondii infection: reversal of the effect by passive immunization. | treatment of mice with cyclophosphamide (cy) at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight 24 hr prior to infection with an avirulent strain of toxoplasma gondii delays the appearance of antibody by about one week and results in 70% mortality. to discount other effects of cy besides inhibition of antibody synthesis, cy-treated infected mice were passively immunized with a pooled specific serum collected from chronically infected syngeneic animals. passive immunization reversed the effect of cy treatment if ... | 1978 | 737894 |
| ultrastructure of excystment of toxoplasma gondii oocysts. | the excystation of sporozoites from intact toxoplasma gondii oocysts or mechanically released sporocysts was studied by light and electron microscopy. both intact oocysts and free sporocysts excysted in 5% bovine bile in 0.9% nacl solution after 30-60 min incubation at 37c. sporozoites were first activated in either intact sporocysts or oocysts within 2-12 min of incubation in bile. sporozoites escaped from sporocysts through 4 plate-like sutures in the sporocyst wall, and from the oocyst as the ... | 1978 | 739410 |
| a method of mass cultivation of toxoplasma gondii in cell culture. | large quantities of toxoplasma gondii were cultivated in human larynx carcinoma cells (h.ep 2, heteroploid). virulent toxoplasma gondii, strain rh, which were obtained from the peritoneal exsudate of mice 2 days after infection served as inoculum. as culture medium for the cells and for growth medium, minimum essential medium (mem) supplemented by 5% foetal calf serum and 200,000 ie/1 penicillin plus 20 mg/1 sulmycin was used. 2--3 days after inoculation, 150--200 times the amount of the inocula ... | 1978 | 741505 |
| [participation of ixodes ricinus l. ticks in the biology and transmission of toxoplasma gondii]. | | 1978 | 741744 |
| toxoplasma gondii in swine in south-eastern norway. | | 1978 | 742567 |
| the prevalence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii among hospitalized animals and stray dogs. | hospitalized animals and stray dogs were serologically tested for antibodies against toxoplasma gondii. in addition, the data were examined for the possibility of toxoplasmosis infection being associated with the clinical diagnosis and with the discharge status (alive vs. dead). among 1056 hospitalized animals, 17 (20%) of 86 cats, 112 (14%) of 804 dogs, 34 (26%) of 133 horses and 6 (18%) of 33 cattle had serological evidence of infection with t. gondii. only 22 (6%) of 342 young (median age = o ... | 1978 | 743598 |
| investigation on the effect of immune serum therapy on cysts of toxoplasma gondii in latent infected mice. | | 1978 | 746997 |
| serological study for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in jakarta, indonesia. | a total of 280 sera from medical students, laboratory personnel from the university of indonesia and other persons living in jakarta were tested for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii by the indirect hemagglutination test. antibody titers equal to or greater than 1:256 were considered positive and were detected in 35 or 12.5% of the persons tested. the sero-positivity rates were not significant between 178 males (13.5%) and 102 females (10.8%) but were significantly different between persons of ind ... | 1978 | 749222 |