| prevalence of dermatophytosis in patients with diabetes. | controversy still exists as to whether dermatophytic skin infection is truly more common in patients with diabetes. | 1992 | 1564145 |
| [papulo-nodular lesions in a heart transplant patient: invasive infection by trichophyton rubrum]. | | 1992 | 1569797 |
| dermatophytosis of children in kuwait. | five hundred fifty-six children constituted 39.5% of total smear- and culture-positive cases of dermatophytosis and 0.6% of the total new dermatology outpatients seen over a period of five years. males outnumbered females. the youngest child was a 20-day-old neonate (age range 20 days-12 yrs) with a peak of fungal infections seen in patients between 4 and 6 years of age. microsporum canis was the most prevalent (70.5%) species, followed by trichophyton violaceum, microsporum audouinii, trichophy ... | 1992 | 1574472 |
| the spectrum of nail disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | there are no known pathognomonic nail signs of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. however, several presentations should increase the index of suspicion. (1) proximal white subungual onychomycosis or superficial white onychomycosis, especially of the fingernails, is present. trichophyton rubrum appears to cause both most commonly in hiv-infected patients. periungual dermatophyte involvement and involvement of all 10 fingernails is unusual in non-hiv-infected persons. (2) candida is a p ... | 1992 | 1619083 |
| phylogeny of the genera trichophyton using mitochondrial dna analysis. | diversity of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) was investigated in 92 trichophyton rubrum strains, 2 t. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes, 2 t. m. var. interdigitale, 2 t. m. var. goetzii, 1 t. m. var. erinacei, 2 t. quinckeanum, 2 t. schoenleinii, 1 t. tonsurans, 2 t. verrucosum var. album, 2 t. v. var. discoides, 1 t. violaceum var. violaceum, 1 arthroderma benhamiae, and 1 a. vanbreuseghemii using endonucleases, hae iii, msp i, hind iii, xba i, and bgl ii. trichophyton species were divided into 7 gr ... | 1992 | 1640973 |
| [in vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole, a new triazole antifungal agent, against clinical isolates from patients with dermatomycoses]. | in vitro antifungal activities of itraconazole (itz), a triazole antifungal agent, against clinical isolates obtained from patients with superficial and subcutaneous mycoses were examined using the agar dilution method on casitone agar. the clinical isolates tested were 7 species and 263 isolates including trichophyton mentagrophytes (104 isolates), trichophyton rubrum (103 isolates), microsporum canis (3 isolates), epidermophyton floccosum (2 isolates), candida albicans (32 isolates), malassezi ... | 1991 | 1652655 |
| tinea of the eyebrow showing kerion celsi reaction: report of one case. | a case of dermatophytosis showing a kerion celsi reaction in the eyebrow of a forty-seven-year-old woman is reported. the causative organism was trichophyton rubrum. direct mycologic examination revealed endothrix parasitism within the shafts of the infected hairs, and the trichophytin test gave positive results. histologic examination of the lesion revealed marked inflammatory infiltration in the dermis, and numerous arthroconidia within the hair shafts. the symptoms disappeared almost entirely ... | 1991 | 1657533 |
| treatment of disseminated onychomycosis due to trichophyton rubrum with itraconazole under control of plasma levels. | successful treatment of a disseminated trichophyton rubrum infection of the nails is reported. under therapy with 50 mg/100 mg itraconazole daily total remission was achieved after 5 months (finger nails) and 6 months (toe nails) respectively. plasma levels of itraconazole were determined twice a month to control the regularity of the treatment using hplc. | 1991 | 1666425 |
| expression of proteolytic activity by cultures of trichophyton rubrum. | trichophyton rubrum parasitizes the keratinized tissues of humans and proteinases secreted by this organism could function to allow this fungus to metabolize and invade host tissues. the effect of culture medium and glucose on the production of proteinases by cultures of t. rubrum was studied and the expression of these enzymes as a function of time in culture was followed. the fungus was grown to stationary-phase in sabouraud's glucose broth and the original broth was then replaced with neopept ... | 1990 | 1696313 |
| [the enzyme release by trichophyton rubrum is dependent on nutritional substance supply]. | enzymes liberated by growing dermatophytes are of pathogenetic importance in tinea. to investigate the influence of nutrients on this enzyme release, trichophyton rubrum was grown in media containing peptone, keratin and lipids, to which glucose was added in separate assays. the culture supernatants were compared for extracellular enzyme activities by use of the api-zym-test. our results clearly show that the extracellular enzyme activity is dependent on the nutrients supplied. seven different e ... | 1991 | 1726332 |
| enzyme release by trichophyton rubrum depends on nutritional conditions. | enzymes liberated by growing dermatophytes are of pathogenetic importance in tinea. to investigate the influence of nutrients on this enzyme release, trichophyton rubrum was grown in media containing peptone, keratin and lipids, to which glucose was added in separate assays. the culture supernatants were compared for extracellular enzyme activities by use of the api-zym test. our results clearly show that the extracellular enzyme activity is dependent on the nutrients supplied. seven different e ... | 1991 | 1726475 |
| dermatophytosis in children and adolescents: epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological aspects changing with age. | during a four year period, a total of 84 cases of dermatophytosis were seen in patients from 0 to 17 years of age attending our out-patient department. the sex distribution was about equal in preadolescents. males predominated among adolescents. a peak incidence at early school age was due to cases of tinea capitis, mainly caused by microsporum canis. a peak among adolescents was due to cases of tinea pedis, mainly caused by trichophyton rubrum. in general, patients with trichophyton rubrum infe ... | 1991 | 1761791 |
| an immunoinhibitory cell wall glycoprotein (mannan) from trichophyton rubrum. | | 1991 | 1781849 |
| tinea pedis in children. | tinea pedis is a superficial mycosis, unusual in children. epidemiological and clinical data regarding cases of tinea pedis observed in children over a period of 20 years are discussed and some explanation given for the conditions which predisposed children to the infection. clinical features are variable and similar to adults. bullous lesions are more frequently seen in children. most of the cases were seen in children over 10 years of age. males are more often affected with tinea pedis: this i ... | 1991 | 1795727 |
| prevalence of superficial mycoses in the aosta valley region of italy from 1984 to 1989. | this report represents the results of the culture tests for fungi carried out in the aosta valley region of italy from 1984 to 1989. the pathological material consisted of cutaneous scales, hair and nails. it was possible to identify 91.8% of the isolates: out of these, 36.1% were dermatophytes, 21% were aspergillus spp, 15.6% deuteromycetes, 15% yeasts and 4.1% members of the family mucoraceae. the resulting data indicate that microsporum canis was the most wide-spread species (73.7%) among the ... | 1991 | 1795730 |
| contribution to our knowledge of trichophyton megninii. | in addition to its requirement for histidine, trichophyton megninii can be readily differentiated from certain other dermatophytes, particularly trichophyton rubrum, by its "+" mating type and a positive urease test on urea-indole broth. | 1991 | 1815034 |
| [cultural protection of a bullous form of tinea pedis]. | while maceration, hyperkeratosis and vesicles are well known as typical clinical correlates of dermatophyte infection of the feet it seems to be still controversial if bullae also belong to the clinical spectre. in a 48-year-old female trichophyton rubrum could be cultured from the fluid obtained by aspiration of an interdigital bulla. in another case trichophyton mentagrophytes could be isolated from the interdigital space but not from a bulla found on the sole microscopic investigation, howeve ... | 1991 | 1818254 |
| clinico-microbiological study of dermatophytoses. | in the present series, 80 cases of dermatophytoses were subjected to mycological examination including microscopy and culture the mycological findings were correlated with clinical presentation of the patients. the isolation rate was 62.5 percent. fungal culture was successful in 36.25 percent of cases, trichophyton rubrum being the commonest etiological agent accounting for 55.18 percent of cases. | 1991 | 1818854 |
| susceptibility of trichophyton rubrum to griseofulvin. | two hundred and seventy isolates of trichophyton rubrum from 182 patients were subjected to susceptibility testing with griseofulvin according to granade & artis. a slight modification of the method concerning homogenization procedures gave better growth of controls in our investigation. in 245 cases an mic could be determined. among these isolates, seven strains from six patients presented mics between 2 and 3 micrograms griseofulvin per ml, a value which, according to artis et al., is to be co ... | 1991 | 1820520 |
| cultural evidence for a bullous type of tinea pedis. | maceration, hyperkeratosis and vesicles are well known as typical clinical correlates of dermatophyte infection of the feet. it seems, however, still to be controversial whether bullae also belong to the clinical spectrum. in a 48-year-old female trichophyton rubrum could be cultured from the fluid obtained by aspiration of an interdigital bulla. in another case trichophyton mentagrophytes could be isolated from the interdigital space but not from a bulla found on the sole, microscopic investiga ... | 1991 | 1820521 |
| fungal infection as a cause of skin disease in the eastern province of saudi arabia: cutaneous candidosis. | in the period between april 1984 and april 1988 a total of 4,294 clinically suspected cases of dermatomycoses were examined for causative fungi. of these cases 174 (4.1%) were suspected as cutaneous candidosis. these cases belonged to 15 different nationalities. both sexes were involved (122 males and 52 females). thirty four cases were prepubertal children while 140 were adults. of these cases 163 had their clinical diagnosis confirmed by direct microscopy and on culture yielded 164 isolates (c ... | 1991 | 1820523 |
| antimicrobial contact activity of econazole sulfosalicylate. | the aim of this investigation was to compare the contact action of econazole sulfosalicylate (e-ssa) on mycetes (candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans, aspergillus fumigatus, trichophyton rubrum, t. cutaneum, pityrosporum sp.), gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis) and gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii) with that exerted by econazole nitrate (e-nit). the results show e-ssa activity greater than e-nit (in particular against mycetes ... | 1991 | 1875229 |
| a survey of dermatophytes from human patients in the united states from 1985 to 1987. | a survey of dermatophytes isolated from patients seeking medical advice was made from 1985 to 1987 in the united states. the survey included 54 locations with data from 45 cities and one state. listing of the isolated dermatophytes and the frequency given by percentage of the total follows: trichophyton rubrum 54.8%, t. tonsurans 31.3%, t. mentagrophytes 6.0%, microsporum canis 4.0%, epidermophyton floccosum 2.0%, m. gypseum 0.6%, and t. verrucosum 0.2%. out of a total of 14,696 isolates m. audo ... | 1991 | 1875984 |
| trichophyton rubrum invasion of human hair apparatus in tinea capitis and tinea barbae: light- and electron microscopic study. | we have previously reported morphological changes of trichophyton violaceum and microsporum canis in hair apparatuses in tinea capitis. to investigate the morphology of trichophyton rubrum in the human hair apparatus, two cases of tinea capitis and one case of tinea barbae were examined by light- and electron microscopy. the fungal elements, which were located in the lower keratogenous zone, showed non-septate hyphae in the outer part of the hair cortex. with the upward development of the hair l ... | 1991 | 1929541 |
| dermatophyte feet infection among students enrolled in swimming courses at a university pool. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dermatophyte feet infection among students enrolled in swimming courses at a university swimming pool. tinea pedis infection was determined on two occasions. the first study took place on the first day of classes and the second on day twelve of swimming lessons. culture and koh examination of the interdigital skin scrapings of the left foot showed superficial foot infection with dermatophytes or candida albicans in 13.2% of the students (1 ... | 1991 | 1930469 |
| the effects of saperconazole on the morphology of candida albicans, pityrosporum ovale and trichophyton rubrum in vitro. | fungal cultures were incubated for various periods of time with saperconazole at concentrations ranging from 10(-10) to 10(-5) m: candida albicans (4 and 24 h), pityrosporum ovale (2 and 7 days), and trichophyton rubrum (1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days). at the end of the incubation period, fungal morphology was compared with that of control cultures by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. in all three species, major ultrastructural changes were seen from concentrations of 10(-8) to 10(-7) m sa ... | 1991 | 1955949 |
| [in vitro antifungal activities of amorolfine against fresh isolates from patients with cutaneous mycosis]. | in vitro antifungal activities of amorolfine (mt-861), a new morpholine antifungal agent, were examined using an agar-dilution method, in comparison with those of 2 other antifungal agents, clotrimazole (ctz) and bifonazole (bfz), against 182 clinical isolates of trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton mentagrophytes, microsporum canis, and epidermophyton floccosum, which had been freshly isolated from a total of 182 cutaneous mycotic patients with various types of dermatophytes or cutaneous candidias ... | 1991 | 1960850 |
| itraconazole in onychomycosis. open and double-blind studies. | fifteen patients with onychomycosis caused by trichophyton rubrum or t. mentagrophytes were treated with 50 mg itraconazole daily for 3 to 6 months. fingernail infections were cured in two patients and two responded with marked improvement, e.g. small residual lesion remained and positive microscopy. the infected toenails were markedly improved in nine of 13 patients. twenty-seven patients with t. rubrum infected nails were given 100 mg itraconazole daily for 6 to 8 months. fingernails were cure ... | 1990 | 1969198 |
| differentiation between trichophyton mentagrophytes and t. rubrum by sorbitol assimilation. | trichophyton rubrum was easily differentiated from t. mentagrophytes by its ability to assimilate sorbitol with an api 20c aux strip. one hundred percent of 36 t. rubrum strains and none of 147 t. mentagrophytes strains assimilated sorbitol. | 1991 | 1993760 |
| a comparative study of terbinafine versus griseofulvin in 'dry-type' dermatophyte infections. | we conducted a double-blind comparative study of terbinafine, 250 mg twice daily, versus griseofulvin, 500 mg twice daily, for 6 weeks in chronic dermatophyte infections of the feet or hands. all but three patients (total 31) had trichophyton rubrum infection. at 12-week follow-up, 100% of the terbinafine-treated group were free from infection compared with 45% of those treated with griseofulvin. therapy in 75% of the terbinafine-treated group and in 35% of those given griseofulvin was rated as ... | 1991 | 2007669 |
| infections by trichophyton rubrum. | | 1991 | 2007698 |
| fungal infections of the nail. | onychomycoses represent the most frequently seen nail diseases and are the most difficult to treat of all skin mycoses. they are rare in children and increase in incidence with age. most cases are caused by dermatophytes, in particular by trichophyton rubrum, less frequently by t mentagrophytes and epidermophyton floccosum. molds may secondarily infect nails already diseased; however, some are probably capable of primary invasion of nail tissues. yeasts, particularly candida albicans, are mainly ... | 1991 | 2018719 |
| majocchi's granuloma. | majocchi's granuloma (nodular granulomatous perifolliculitis) is a well recognized but uncommon infection of dermal and subcutaneous tissue by fungal organisms (dermatophytes) usually limited to the superficial epidermis. the organism usually associated with majocchi's granuloma is trichophyton rubrum; however, other dermatophytes including t. mentagrophytes (variety granulosum), t. epilans, t. violaceum, m. audouinii, m. gypseum, m. ferrugineum, and m. canis may be the causative agent. a review ... | 1991 | 2022763 |
| an immunoinhibitory cell wall glycoprotein (mannan) from trichophyton rubrum. | trichophyton rubrum causes 90% of chronic dermatophyte infections. most patients with widespread chronic t. rubrum infection fail to express a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to intradermally injected trichophytin. we propose that cell-mediated immunity to t. rubrum may be suppressed in chronic infections by the mannan cell wall component of the fungus. the proposed suppressive effect of t. rubrum mannan on cell-mediated immunity was tested by measuring the ability of extracted mannan to inhib ... | 1991 | 2022872 |
| oxiconazole nitrate: pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of a new imidazole antifungal agent. | oxiconazole nitrate (1%) cream became available in the united states in 1989 for the once-daily treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis. it has also proved valuable in the once-daily treatment of tinea (pityriasis) versicolor. in vitro oxiconazole is highly effective against many dermatophytes, including trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton mentagrophytes, trichophyton tonsurans, and epidermophyton floccosum. after application to the skin, oxiconazole is rapidly absorbed into the ... | 1991 | 2029718 |
| review of dermatophytoses in galicia from 1951 to 1987, and comparison with other areas of spain. | we have reviewed all the dermatophytoses diagnosed in galicia during four consecutive 9-year periods 1951-86 and 1987. from 4571 patients, we isolated 3351 fungal strains belonging, in decreasing order of frequency, to the following dermatophyte species: microsporum canis (25.5%), trichophyton rubrum (24.6%), t. mentagrophytes (21.4%), epidermophyton floccosum (11.8%), m. gypseum (5.2%), t. tonsurans (3.9%), t. verrucosum (3.1%), t. schoenlenii (2.5%), t. violaceum (1.2%), t. mengninii (0.3%), m ... | 1991 | 2034261 |
| fungal flora of the coat of pet cats. | the fungal flora of the coat of 172 healthy pet cats was examined qualitatively. fungi were isolated from 136 (79%) of the 172 cats. fifteen genera were isolated; 13 are commonly regarded as saprophytes, and 2 (microsporum and trichophyton) are commonly regarded as pathogens. aspergillus, alternaria, penicillium, and cladosporium spp were the most frequently isolated saprophytes. dermatophytic fungi, including microsporum gypseum (n = 1), m vanbreuseghemii (n = 1), and trichophyton rubrum (n = 1 ... | 1991 | 2053732 |
| plants used in guatemala for the treatment of dermatophytic infections. 1. screening for antimycotic activity of 44 plant extracts. | skin infections are common diseases in developing countries, of which dermatophytoses are of particular concern in the tropics, especially in infants. through ethnobotanical surveys and literature review 100 plants were detected as being used in guatemala for the treatment of dermatophytoses. of these, 44 plants were screened for in vitro activity against the most common dermatophytes (epidermophyton floccosum, microsporum canis, microsporum gypseum, trichophyton mentagrophytes and trichophyton ... | 1991 | 2056755 |
| trichophyton rubrum kerion: subclinical infection unmasked by trauma? | | 1990 | 2080133 |
| skin manifestations in aids patients. | skin lesions occur in virtually all patients during the unfolding evolution of their hiv infection--usually a succession of conditions reflecting the gradual decline of immunity. hairy leucoplakia can occur at any stage and in all risk groups. kaposi's sarcoma is seen only in homosexually acquired aids. a transient rash may accompany the initial hiv seroconversion illness, but may go unnoticed. documented examples show macular red oval lesions, similar to pityriasis rosea, but extending onto the ... | 1990 | 2091731 |
| infections caused by trichophyton raubitschekii: clinical and epidemiological features. | thirty-eight cases of human infection with the recently described dermatophyte species trichophyton raubitschekii were studied and a description is presented of the clinical and epidemiological features of infection with this organism. results revealed the usual preponderance of males (2:1) but a high proportion of individuals of asian origin (60.5%) in the infected population. tinea corporis, tinea cruris and tinea pedis were the most common infections. t. raubitschekii differed significantly f ... | 1990 | 2093847 |
| [the effect of nizoral and tinidazole on neutrophilic phagocytic activity in patients with rubromycosis and candidiasis]. | nisoral and tinidasole effects on trichophyton rubrum and candida albicans ability to be destroyed by neutrophils were under study, as were the characteristics of neutrophil phagocytic activity in patients with various forms of trichophytosis and candidiasis over the course of nisoral or tinidasole therapy or combined therapy with both the drugs. tinidasole and more so nisoral were found to enhance neutrophilic fungicidal activity towards tr. rubrum and c. albicans. combined therapy with nisoral ... | 1990 | 2094095 |
| in vitro nail invasion by pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi under different culture conditions. | data from the literature suggest that the nutritional environment can modify major metabolic functions of fungi and possibly their aggressivity towards keratinous structures. trichophyton rubrum (tr), microsporum canis (mc), scopulariopsis brevicaulis (sb), aspergillus fumigatus (af) and penicillium spec. (p) were inoculated on media of different nutritional value, in presence of nail fragments. the activity of the fungi was evaluated at two and four weeks for intensity and depth of invasion of ... | 1990 | 2103593 |
| onychomycosis and aids. clinical and laboratory findings in 62 patients. | the results of a study on onychomycosis in aids related complex and aids patients presenting for dermatology consultation at an infectious diseases department are reported. the clinical results showed that most patients presented a proximal white superficial onychomycosis. the association with a clinical interdigital involvement was rare, but the association with a mycotic plantar keratoderma was more frequent. the laboratory results showed that dermatophytes were the most frequent etiologic age ... | 1990 | 2141830 |
| [trichophyton rubrum-induced erythroderma]. | a case of generalized t. rubrum-induced induced trichophytosis running the course similar to erythroderma is described. factors conducive to universal involvement of the skin integument, hair, and nail plates of the female patient are analyzed. the authors emphasize that dissemination of the mycotic process was favored by changed body reactivity explained by allergic reactions to drugs the patient handled as a nurse and by focal infection, advanced age, and prolonged use of corticosteroid ointme ... | 1990 | 2143881 |
| management of onychomycosis with oral terbinafine. | the safety and efficacy of oral terbinafine in the treatment of finger onychomycosis caused by trichophyton rubrum were evaluated in an open study including 11 patients. treatment consisted of 125 mg of terbinafine given twice daily for 6 months or until the infection cleared. at the end of the treatment period, all patients were clinically and mycologically normal, with the drug acting as a fungal barrier to prevent further distal fungal invasion into the nailplate. mild gastric discomfort in o ... | 1990 | 2146293 |
| study of onychomycosis in india. | fungal agents causing onychomycosis in an indian population were studied in a hospital based study. it revealed that onychomycosis is more common in adult males, and that finger nails were more often affected compared with toe nails. occupation did not seem to be related to infection. trichophyton rubrum was the commonest fungus isolated (49.3%) followed by candida species (23.2%). four morphological varieties of tr. rubrum colonies were observed but the role of a particular variety in causing c ... | 1990 | 2151052 |
| [dermatophytosis in a urban setting: prospective study of 135 cases]. | during a period of one year all patients referred to the dermatology department with the diagnosis of dermatophytosis were studied to determine the incidence. etiology, and epidemiology of these infections in the northeast of madrid. we have evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the direct examination with 10% koh with respect to the culture as well as the correlation between the clinical diagnosis and the result of the mycologic examination. the annual incidence was 8.4 cases per 10,000 ... | 1990 | 2152479 |
| itraconazole in the management of chronic dermatophytosis. | fifty-five patients with griseofulvin-unresponsive dermatophytosis caused by trichophyton rubrum were treated with itraconazole. they had either tinea corporis or "dry type" infections of the palms, soles, or nails. the following sites were affected: trunk (12 infections), soles (47), toe webs (52), palms (26), fingernails (29), and toenails (42). patients were treated with oral itraconazole until clinical and mycologic remission were achieved. response rates and mean times to recovery were as f ... | 1990 | 2170475 |
| [relation between movement of acid or alkaline proteinase from trichophyton rubrum and the growth of fungus, ph in medium]. | we have previously reported that t. rubrum produced a new type of extracellular proteinase in liquid medium containing bovine serum albumin. this enzyme had an optimal ph 4.5 for azocoll. in this paper, we studied about the relation between movement of acid or alkaline proteinase and environmental ph. in the beginning of cultivation, acid proteolytic activity increased radically, and 3 or 4 weeks later, it was decreased. in place of acid proteinase, alkaline proteinase which had an optimal ph 8. ... | 1990 | 2197472 |
| treatment of fungal skin infections: state of the art. | the number of cases of mycotic infections are increasing, presenting physicians today with an unprecedented challenge in handling the treatment and prophylactic control of these disorders. the increase in mycotic disorders is due to many factors, such as longer life span, organ transplantation, and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the pharmaceutical industry is providing physicians with newer, more potent drugs to manage mycoses. an overview of current practice in the use of topical and o ... | 1990 | 2212170 |
| [fungal flora in mycoses among the population of the south-eastern poland 1978-1988]. | in the years 1978-1988 a group of 2257 subjects was examined for the presence of fungal infection. in 785 cases positive results of cultures were obtained yielding 468 dermatophytes (60.1%) and 317 yeast-like fungi (39.9%). the most frequently isolated fungi were: candida albicans (27.3%), trichophyton mentagrophytes v. interdigitale (27.0%) and trichophyton rubrum (20.6%). in the subgroup of dermatophytes anthropophilic fungi accounted for 87.5%. | 1990 | 2217835 |
| synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some new tetrahydro-2h-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives of ampicillin. | compounds having alpha-[dihydro-5-substituted 6-thioxo-2h- 1,3,5-thiadiazine-3(4h)-yl]benzylpenicillin structure were synthesized by the reaction of ampicillin trihydrate, formaldehyde and dithiocarbamic acid salts. the structures were evident from chemical and spectral analysis. the antimicrobial activities of the compounds were investigated against some gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis) and gram-negative (escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and ... | 1990 | 2288482 |
| [cytochemical study of the natural resistance of the body in trichophyton rubrum-induced mycosis (tinea)]. | clinical-cytochemical examination of 27 patients with tinea has permitted estimating nonspecific immune status of an organism. the nbt-test is shown to be highly informative and active. differences in metabolic activity of phagocytizing subpopulations of peripheral blood are revealed. the results obtained underlie the development of the pathogenetically substantiated therapy method using diucyphon and chlorophyllipt, immunomodulators of different pharmacological groups. | 1990 | 2323455 |
| in vitro susceptibility of dermatophytes from munich to griseofulvin, miconazole and ketoconazole. | various recent clinical isolates of trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton mentagrophytes, microsporum canis and epidermophyton floccosum from munich were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the microdilution method. both azoles miconazole and ketoconazole were found to be more active than griseofulvin. comparatively high inhibitory concentrations of griseofulvin were especially found with tr. mentagrophytes. on the whole miconazole turned out to be even somewhat more effective th ... | 1990 | 2359418 |
| in vitro activity of seven azole compounds against some clinical isolates of non-dermatophytic filamentous fungi and some dermatophytes. | the in vitro activity of seven azole compounds viz clotrimozole, isoconazole, bifanazole, fluconazole oxyconazole, bay n 7133 and bay l 9139 was investigated against 47 clinical isolates of pathogenic non-dermatophytic filamentous fungi and dermatophytic fungi. the isolates included hendersonula toruloidea-26, scytalidium hyalinium-5, scytalidium japonicum-1, trichophyton rubrum-5, trichophyton tonsurans-3, trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes-4, epidemophyton floccosum-2, microporum ... | 1990 | 2388682 |
| oral ketoconazole as an alternative to griseofulvin in recalcitrant dermatophyte infections and onychomycosis. | in an open study 58 patients with chronic dermatophytosis mainly caused by trichophyton rubrum and five patients with tinea capitis were treated with ketoconazole. the indications were ineffectiveness of or side effects to griseofulvin. response to treatment varied from 1 week in scalp infections to 11 weeks in toe-nail lesions. dermatophytosis of hands and feet were cured in 25%, marked improvement observed in further 30%. toe- and finger-nail infections were cured in 20% and 43%, respectively, ... | 1985 | 2408417 |
| ultrastructural studies on experimental hair infections in vitro caused by trichophyton mentagrophytes and trichophyton rubrum. | experimental infections with trichophyton mentagrophytes and trichophyton rubrum were performed on human hair in vitro and studied by conventional light microscopy, scanning (sem) and transmission (tem) electron microscopy. the penetrations visible by light microscopy in hair infected with t. mentagrophytes appeared at sem as disrupted surface areas with perforating holes. t. rubrum-infected hair displayed minute perforations and less conspicuous cuticular damages seen at sem and tem. in both or ... | 1985 | 2420120 |
| keratinolytic activity of cutaneous and oral bacteria. | a test was developed to measure the keratinolytic activity of cutaneous and oral bacteria. keratin, labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, was used in a phosphate buffer (ph 7.2) with 1 mm dithiothreitol. the degradation of keratin was estimated by measuring the fluorescence of the degradation products in the supernatant of the reaction mixtures in a luminescence spectrometer. several oral and cutaneous bacteria were investigated: bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, treponema dent ... | 1987 | 2434427 |
| fungal infections occurring under bandages in leg ulcer patients. | in 49 consecutive leg ulcer patients fungal cultures were taken from 4 different locations: the ulcer; the ulcer edge; 10 cm below the knee; and the toe-web. the patients had been treated with aco medicated stockings in half of the cases, and the others were treated with several different bandages. sera were analysed for antibodies against candida albicans with the indirect immunofluorescence technique (iif). the mean antibody titer was 434 in the patients with c. albicans in their ulcers, 123 i ... | 1987 | 2445155 |
| diversity of antigenic extracts from the dermatophyte trichophyton rubrum. | | 1987 | 2447496 |
| circulating antigens and antibodies in human and mouse dermatophytosis: use of monoclonal antibody reactive to phosphorylcholine-like epitopes. | the presence of circulating antibodies in the sera of patients infected with either trichophyton concentricum or trichophyton rubrum, and in the sera of balb/c mice chronically infected with trichophyton quinckeanum, was determined by elisa. high levels of antibody to dermatophyte cytoplasmic antigens were detected both in infected humans and in mice. partial inhibition of this reaction was observed by pretreatment of the sera with the hapten phosphorylcholine (pc). moreover, antibodies were sho ... | 1987 | 2452230 |
| regulation of trichophyton rubrum proteolytic activity. | trichophyton rubrum is the most common dermatophyte of humans and normally colonizes the superficial layers of the epidermis (stratum corneum). several proteinases with a possible role in the metabolism of host proteins have been purified from this fungus. the regulation of these enzymes and their role in fungal metabolism were studied at the biochemical level. general proteolytic (azocollytic) activity was repressed when log-phase cultures of t. rubrum were grown in a minimal medium that contai ... | 1989 | 2476398 |
| [in vitro study of the antifungal activity of two chlorine derivatives to be used in antisepsis]. | the activity of two chlorine derivates, sodium hypochlorite in water solution with nacl (product a) and electrolytic chloroxidant (product b) has been tested in vitro against potentially human pathogenic fungi (aspergillus niger, aspergillus fumigatus, microsporum gypseum, candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans, trichophyton mentagrophytes, microsporum canis, epidermophyton floccosum, trichophyton rubrum, sporotrix schenkii). for a. niger, the relation of the two compounds has also been consi ... | 1989 | 2483652 |
| isolation of human pathogenic fungi from barbers' shop of chhindwara (mp): a preliminary study. | isolation of human pathogenic fungi was made from the barbers' shops of chhindwara. trichophyton mentagrophytes showed highest percentage of occurrence (30%), followed by trichophyton rubrum (26%) and aspergillus fumigatus (18%) whereas, the lowest relative density was exhibited by aspergillus niger and a hyphomycetous fungus (2%). | 1989 | 2486270 |
| generalized trichophyton rubrum infection in congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. | | 1989 | 2490271 |
| [dermatophytes in clinically healthy dogs and cats]. | the hair and skin of 300 clinically healthy animals, 268 dogs and 32 cats, were examined mycologically. the method described by mariat and tapia (1966) was used for the examination, along with square pieces of the fitted carpet kovral. the dermatophytes were isolated in 12 samples, all from the material taken from dogs. trichophyton mentagrophytes was isolated six times, microsporum canis four times, trichophyton gallinae once, trichophyton rubrum once. the origin of the dermatophyte trichophyto ... | 1989 | 2494787 |
| treatment of onychomycosis with a propylene glycol-urea-lactic acid solution. | twenty three patients with culture positive onychomycosis were treated topically twice daily for 2-6 month with a solution containing 10 g urea, 15 g lactic acid, 4 g naoh, 21 g water, and 50 g propylene glycol. trichophyton rubrum was cultured in 17 patients and candida albicans in 6 patients. the solution was effective in 21 of the 23 patients with cure in 2 patients, marked improvement in 11 patients and improvement in 8 of the patients. in the patients with marked improvement some nails were ... | 1989 | 2531288 |
| dermatophyte onychomycosis in children. | four-hundred and ninety-four schoolchildren and 200 children attending a paediatric medical out-patient clinic were screened for clinical evidence of dermatophyte onychomycosis. only one case was found and mycological investigation showed this to be due to trichophyton rubrum. the overall prevalence of dermatophyte onychomycosis in the prospective survey of schoolchildren was 0.2%, confirming that this type of infection is very uncommon in children. seven further cases of nail infection occurrin ... | 1989 | 2531638 |
| the successful treatment of finger trichophyton rubrum onychomycosis with oral terbinafine. | eleven patients with distal subungal onychomycosis of the fingers by trichophyton rubrum infection were treated with daily doses of oral terbinafine, a new allylamine derivative. a 125-mg capsule was given twice daily. each patient's nailplate was marked appropriately following the zaias and drachman method for the determination of antifungal efficacy in onychomycosis. patients were monitored monthly for the antifungal effect of the drug, as well as side-effects, including laboratory values for ... | 1989 | 2532084 |
| [determination of guanine and cytosine contents of trichophyton rubrum nuclear dna with the thermal denaturation technique]. | we report here on the g + c mol% content of t. rubrum dna (including t. rubrum types i-v and an isolate from a patient with tinea pedis) as determined by a thermal denaturation technique. the results are as follows: 45.5, 57.37, 44.22, 45.38, 45.54, and 49.41 mol% for t. rubrum types i-v and isolate respectively. the results are similar to those in the literature, except that the value of t. rubrum type ii is slightly higher. our observations indicate that the morphological heterogeneity of diff ... | 1989 | 2532981 |
| inhibition of growth of trichophyton rubrum by the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride system. | the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride (mpo-h2o2-cl) system is an antimicrobial system of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. we demonstrated that the mpo-h2o2-cl system is fungicidal for trichophyton rubrum. fungal growth of a synchronous cell culture of t. rubrum germlings was assayed by measuring the uptake of tritiated n-acetyl-d-glucosamine, and the viability of the fungi was assayed by counting colony-forming units. cytotoxins produced by the interaction of myeloperoxidase with hydrogen ... | 1989 | 2539415 |
| mode of action of itraconazole: morphological aspects. | the broad spectrum of antifungal activity of itraconazole is verified by morphologic criteria at the light and electron microscopical level. yeast and fungal species examined are candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans, paracoccidioides brasiliensis, sporothrix schenckii, pityrosporum ovale, trichophyton rubrum and aspergillus fumigatus. exposures of cultures of these yeasts and fungi to itraconazole results in dose- and time-dependent alterations which vary in nature and intensity from one sp ... | 1989 | 2561185 |
| antimicrobial activity of synthetic bactenecin. | bactenecin is an antimicrobial peptide isolated from bovine neutrophils. bactenecin was synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis and renatured to a fully disulfide bonded form. the peptide inhibits the growth of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus at the same concentration reported for the peptide purified from bovine neutrophils. bactenecin inhibits the growth of other medically important bacteria and yeast, and it kills the fungus trichophyton rubrum. acetylation and amidation of th ... | 1989 | 2562655 |
| trichophyton rubrum abscesses in immunocompromised patients. a case report. | a 72-year-old immunocompromised man with myelodysplastic syndrome who developed multiple erythematous, scaly abscesses like lesions on his left foot and lower leg is described. he also had dry scaly lesions on his soles and lesions on several toe nails. a punch biopsy showed abscesses with fungal elements and trichophyton rubrum was cultured from skin scales and the biopsy. a diagnosis of t. rubrum abscesses should be suspected in all immunocompromised patients with signs of superficial dermatop ... | 1989 | 2566231 |
| trichophyton rubrum bullous tinea pedis in a child. | | 1989 | 2589868 |
| [trichophyton rubrum dermatophytic disease. a new case]. | | 1989 | 2610465 |
| novel 5-substituted 3-(2-naphthalenyl)-3-(1h-imidazol-l-ylmethy)-2-methylisoxazolidine derivatives. | the synthesis and antifungal activity of a series of novel 5-substituted 3-(2-naphthalenyl)-3-(1h-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2- methylisoxazolidine derivatives are described. when tested in vitro in solid agar assays, some of the compounds demonstrated moderate to potent activity against trichophyton rubrum and candida albicans. | 1989 | 2610711 |
| [findings on dermatomycoses observed at the dermatologic clinic, university of pavia. a third pathology caused by trichophyton rubrum]. | from 1974 to 1988 t. rubrum have been isolated in 304 cases (27.8% of dermatophytes) in the department of dermatology in pavia and it is the second most frequent fungus after m. canis. males are more frequently affected (61.1%) than females (38.9%). a single localization was found in 82.2% of the cases and two or more types of "tineae" only in 17.8%. the age-group 31-40 is more frequently affected (29%). the most frequent dermatophytosis caused by t. rubrum was tinea pedis (33.9%) while tinea ca ... | 1989 | 2630435 |
| studies on antifungal agents. 19. effect of the c-5-aromatic substitution on the in vitro activity of novel 3,5-substituted isoxazolidines. | the influence of the c-5-aromatic substitution on the in vitro antifungal activity of novel cis-3,5-substituted isoxazolidine derivatives was investigated. compounds having a c-5-(substituted phenoxy)methyl group were found to be the most active against trichophyton rubrum, aspergillus fumigatus and candida albicans with mic values ranging from 0.7 to 70.0 micrograms/ml. replacing the phenoxymethyl group with either naphthyl or 2-oxo-1,3-benzoxathiol-6-yl groups resulted in a diminished in vitro ... | 1989 | 2656118 |
| studies on antifungal agents. 20. effect of the nitrogen substitution on the in vitro activity of novel 3,5-substituted isoxazolidines. | the effect of the nitrogen substitution on the in vitro antifungal activity of a series of novel cis-3,5-substituted isoxazolidine derivatives is investigated. the 2-(n-methyl) analogues 4-6 were found to be the most active compounds when tested in vitro against trichophyton rubrum, aspergillus fumigatus and candida albicans, with mic values ranging between 0.7 and 70 micrograms/ml. | 1989 | 2667902 |
| hendersonula toruloidea infection in man. index cases in the non-endemic north american host, and a review of the literature. | hendersonula toruloidea (ht) is a dematiaceous fungus that is an endemic human pathogen in tropical and subtropical countries. infection with this fungus is often clinically indistinguishable from trichophyton rubrum or other dermatophytoses. however, because ht will not grow on standard cycloheximide containing fungal media, and because ht is usually resistant to standard anti-fungal therapies, we believe that ht is a more common cause of 'recalcitrant dermatophytosis' in the united states than ... | 1989 | 2668770 |
| purification and characterization of a 27,000-mr extracellular proteinase from trichophyton rubrum. | a proteinase of mr 27,000 with a possible role in the metabolism and invasion of host tissues was purified from the conditioned medium of trichophyton rubrum by concanavalin a and anion-exchange chromatography. peaks of proteolytic activity were analyzed by substrate gel electrophoresis. the 27,000-mr proteinase had a ph optimum of 8.0, a calcium dependence of 2 mm, and was inhibited by serine proteinase inhibitors, especially phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and phe-gly-ala-leu-chloromethyl ketone ... | 1989 | 2674015 |
| dermatophyte fungi in the guinea savannah region of nigeria and the changing phase of dermatophytosis in nigeria. | approximately 8,000 patients with various skin diseases were seen at the ahmadu bello university teaching hospital, kaduna, nigeria between january 1983 and december 1986. 174 (2.2%) presented with features in which a clinical diagnosis of superficial fungal infection was made or suspected. 69 out of 190 (36.3%) of specimens taken from skin lesions or nails from these patients were mycologically positive. the fungi isolated were trichophyton rubrum (24.6%), tr. soudanense (13.0%), candida albica ... | 1989 | 2677715 |
| aldo castellani--an appraisal of his life and oeuvre. | aldo castellani was one of those pioneers who initiated breath-taking discoveries and progress in medical sciences during the early years of this century with great personal engagement and courage. his striking findings, such as the so-called absorption-test, the introduction of multiple vaccination, or the exploration of sleeping sickness and the discovery of trichophyton rubrum, were achieved before he was even 35 years old. he received acknowledgement as a physician and lecturer. many of his ... | 1989 | 2677717 |
| recent investigations on the relationship between fungal skin diseases and atopic dermatitis. | atopic dermatitis may be associated with chronic dermatophyte infections and pityrosporum related disorders. recent epidemiologic studies in school children and young recruits have confirmed that atopic individuals have an increased susceptibility to trichophyton rubrum infections of the feet and an increased risk for persistent infections. in contrast, an investigation on skin reactivity in dermatophyte infected atopic patients indicated that a group of these patients is fully able to eliminate ... | 1989 | 2678863 |
| sulconazole nitrate 1% cream in the treatment of chronic moccasin-type tinea pedis caused by trichophyton rubrum. | sulconazole nitrate 1% cream applied twice daily was compared with its vehicle in the treatment of 229 patients with chronic moccasin-type tinea pedis confirmed by positive results of a potassium hydroxide preparation. at admission in this randomized, double-blind, parallel multicenter trial, 131 patients had positive dermatophyte cultures; trichophyton rubrum was identified in 121 (92%). after 4 weeks of treatment, patients were examined and, if necessary, were treated for an additional 2 weeks ... | 1989 | 2681281 |
| annular vesiculation. bullous tinea corporis caused by trichophyton rubrum. | | 1989 | 2684025 |
| [the relation between the growth and extracellular proteolytic activity in trichophyton rubrum, comparing isolates from granuloma trichophyticum with tinea superficialis]. | trichophyton rubrum, a major pathogenic fungus in dermatophytosis, produced a new type of extracellular proteinase, in addition to those previously reported, when cultivated in liquid medium containing bovine serum albumin. this enzyme had an optimal ph 4.5 for azocoll and was found in both isolates from tinea superficialis and granuloma trichophyticum. the proteolytic activity of isolates from granuloma trichophyticum were superior to isolates from tinea superficialis in both acid and alkaline ... | 1989 | 2691741 |
| a double-blind clinical trial of fenticonazole (2%) spray versus naftifine (1%) spray in patients with cutaneous mycoses. | a multi-centre, double-blind trial was carried out in 100 patients with cutaneous mycotic infections, confirmed by direct microscopy and/or culture, to compare the efficacy and tolerability of spray formulations of 2% fenticonazole and 1% naftifine. on entry, patients were allocated at random to receive once daily topical applications of one or other drug over a period of 2 to 4 weeks, treatment being stopped when patients had recovered or substantially improved. clinical and mycological assessm ... | 1989 | 2692971 |
| [antifungal effects in vitro of jasmon and some similar compounds. structure-activity relationship]. | the antimycotic activity in vitro of jasmon and 6 closely related substances has been tested against four different dermatophytes, candida albicans, pityrosporum ovale and aspergillus fumigatus. jasmon had the highest activity. among the other substances tested only thiazolidines with a carbonyl function developed antifungal properties against dermatophytes. 2,4 thiazolidinedione at 450 ppm inhibits the growth of trichophyton rubrum. | 1989 | 2699545 |
| [synthesis and antifungal activity of n-(6,6-dimethyl-2-hepten-4-ynyl)-n-methyl-alpha-substituted -1-(4-substi tuted) naphthalenemethanamines]. | thirty (e)- or (z)-n-(6,6-dimethyl-2-hepten-4-ynyl)-n-methyl-alpha-subst itu ted-1-(4-substituted)naphthalenemethanamines were synthesized for searching of more potent and less toxic antimycotic agents. all title compounds and most of the intermediates are new. results of preliminary biological tests showed that most of the title compounds exhibited activity against the common pathogenic fungi such as cryptococcus neoformnas, candida albicans, aspergillus fumigatus, cladosporium carrionii, sporo ... | 1989 | 2700413 |
| [unusual clinical manifestations caused by trichophyton rubrum--atypical "rubrophytoses"]. | infection with trichophyton rubrum - now the most common anthropophilic dermatophyte - usually follows a chronic hypophlegmatic clinical course and is mostly confined to superficial keratin structures. in addition to the possibility of subcutaneous involvement, the following atypical clinical manifestations are emphasized: psoriasiform pustulating trichophytia, trichophytosis resembling sweet syndrome, trichophytosis mimicking pseudolymphoma and impetiginized herpetiform trichophytosis. in three ... | 1989 | 2753711 |
| clinical examinations with chinofungin spray and chinofungin powder. | tolnaftate is effective in the local treatment of dermatophyte infections. it is recommended primarily in infections caused by trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton mentagrophytes, epidermophyton floccosum, microsporum canis and malassezia furfur. it may be useful as an adjuvant local therapy in chronic dermatophyte infections treated with griseofulvin. | 1989 | 2756514 |
| [electron microscopic study of the interaction of human neutrophils and mononuclear cells with trichophyton rubrum]. | effector action of the neutrophils and mononuclear cells on tr. rubrum has been revealed by electron microscopy. destruction of tr. rubrum by effector cells may be both extracellular--via the formation of a cooperative phagosome and solid contacts (mostly in interactions of effector cells with hyphae) and intracellular (phagocytosis of the spores). platelets have been found to contribute to effector cell cooperation in interaction with tr. rubrum. | 1989 | 2763703 |
| [electron microscopic analysis of the effect of trichophyton rubrum on the reproduction of the human immunodeficiency virus]. | the authors have examined the effect of a tr. rubrum infection on hiv reproduction in h9 cell culture. a statistically significant activation on hiv multiplication has been observed 24 hrs after cell culture infection with the fungus: the infected cells produced more viral particles than the reference cells. the number of hiv virions has been increased mainly at the sites of tr. rubrum localization and near h9 cell sites containing phagocytized elements of the fungus. in case of a mixed infectio ... | 1989 | 2773573 |
| foot infections due to hendersonula toruloidea and scytalidium hyalinum in coal miners. | a total of 250 coal miners were screened for mycotic skin infections. sixty-six (34.8%) miners had clinical lesions on their feet which proved to be of mycotic etiology by direct microscopy and culture. hendersonula toruloidea, the commonest etiological agent, was the sole agent recovered from 23 (34.8%) of the positive cases and was also isolated from three (4.5%) cases of mixed infection with dermatophytes (two cases with trichophyton rubrum and one with trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentag ... | 1989 | 2778576 |
| keratinophilic fungi from the duck nails in egypt. | the mycoflora of one hundred and sixty of duck nail samples, collected from the duck farm, faculty of agriculture, assiut university, were examined. using the soil plate technique and sabouraud's dextrose agar, thirty six species appertaining to twenty genera of keratinophilic fungi were isolated. chrysosporium was the genus most frequently isolated (50% of the samples). aspergillus and penicillium occurred in low incidences (13.1 and 12.5% of total samples). trichophyton rubrum was found to col ... | 1989 | 2778647 |
| [dermatophyte flora in a catchment area of the hamburg military hospital]. | our article deals with the evaluation of all mycologic examinations carried out at the mycologic laboratory of the department of dermatology, hamburg military hospital, from april 1983 through march 1988. with regard to the growth of dermatophytes, 835 cultures were found positive out of a total of 10,000 specimens. our list of dermatophytes is classified according to both the incidence of the individual pathogen and the part of the body it was found on. the most common dermatophyte was trichoph ... | 1989 | 2800663 |
| in vitro and in vivo cutaneous penetration and antifungal activity of naftifine. | the topical antifungal agent naftifine has shown considerable potency against a broad spectrum of dermatophytes. in this study, an in vitro penetration test in human cadaver skin and an in vivo tape-stripping test were used to evaluate the penetration and antifungal activity of naftifine gel 1 percent and naftifine cream 1 percent compared with other antifungal agents. in both models, trichophyton rubrum and t. mentagrophytes were the fungal species. results show that naftifine gel 1 percent and ... | 1989 | 2805810 |