| practical identifiability of growth and substrate consumption models. | the estimation of parameters in several dynamic models, which describe growth and substrate consumption, has been carried out using a modified gauss-newton-type method. the four models considered are monod, contois, linear specific growth rate, and an enzyme kinetic model. the initial values of the differential equations are included in the parameter vector which will be estimated. the efficiency of the method and the confidence limits of the parameters were studied using simulated measurement n ... | 1977 | 563249 |
| mycoflora and mycotoxin-producing fungi of air-dust particles from egypt. | using the dilution-plate method, 27 genera and 64 species were collected from 20 air-dust samples on glucose - (24 genera and 57 species) and cellulose - (21 genera and 45 species) czapek's agar at 28 degrees c. there are basic similarities between the mycoflora of air-dust on the two media and the most prevalent species were aspergillus niger, a. flavus, a. ochraceus, a. terreus, a. versicolor, penicillium chrysogenum, p. funiculosum, alternaria alternata, cladosporium herbarum, fusarium oxyspo ... | 1986 | 2938009 |
| effects of cellulase from trichoderma viride on nutrient utilization by broilers. | studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of cellulase from trichoderma viride in a diet for broilers containing high levels of wheat bran. broiler-type, mixed-sex chicks were fed from 3 to 8 weeks of age. wheat bran was added at 0, 10, and 20% levels. a fourth group received the 20% wheat bran plus the cellulase enzyme added at the level of .008%. a portion of the chicks was used in a digestibility study with chromic oxide as an indicator. the summarized data showed that cellulose treatmen ... | 1985 | 2995959 |
| effect of streptomycin on cellulase production by trichoderma viride. | | 1988 | 3170260 |
| mycoflora of air-conditioners dust from riyadh, saudi arabia. | using the hair baiting technique, 6 genera and 14 species were collected on sabouraud's dextrose agar from 37 dust samples from air-conditioners. the most common fungi were chrysosporium tropicum, c. indicum, c. keratinophilum, aspergillus flavus followed by acremonium strictum and scopulariopsis brevicaulis. using the dilution-plate method, 26 genera and 52 species were collected from 37 dust samples on glucose-(23 genera and 45 species) and cellulose-(18 genera and 34 species) czapek's agar at ... | 1988 | 3236219 |
| [cytostatic effect of l-lysine-alpha-oxidase from trichoderma harzianum rifai and trichoderma viride]. | l-lysine-alpha-oxidase, a new fungal enzyme catalyzing oxidative l-lysine deamination, was shown to have an inhibitory effect on the in vitro synthesis of dna, rna and proteins in human carcinoma ovarian (caov) cells. | 1987 | 3567343 |
| fungi associated with urea-formaldehyde foam insulation in canada. | sixty-eight fungal taxa were identified from samples of urea-formaldehyde foam insulation taken from canadian residences. mesophilic taxa were predominant, with penicillium spp., trichoderma harzianum and paecilomyces variotii observed most frequently. extensive or conspicuous growth also was seen for hormoconis resinae, stachybotrys chartarum and trichoderma viride in some samples. the potential for these fungi to have contributed to the adverse health effects reported in some homes containing ... | 1987 | 3627222 |
| mycoflora and trichothecene toxins of paddy grains from egypt. | 120 species and 38 genera were collected from 64 samples of paddy grains on glucose- and cellulose-czapek's agar at 28 degrees c. the total count of glycophilic and cellulose-decomposing fungi fluctuated between 216-29760; and 124-11320 colonies/g paddy grains on the two media, respectively. on glucose agar, the most common species were aspergillus niger, a. flavus, a. sydowi, a. terreus, a. fumigatus, a. ochraceus, penicillium chrysogenum, p. corylophilum, fusarium oxysporum, alternaria alterna ... | 1987 | 3696188 |
| [comparative study of the effect of l-lysine-l-oxidase from trichoderma harzianum rifai and trichoderma viride on nucleic acid synthesis in human tumor cells in vitro]. | l-lysine-alpha-oxidase, a new fungal enzyme catalyzing oxidative deamination of l-lysine, exerts an inhibitory effect on dna, rna and protein synthesis in human cells of carcinoma ovarius (caov) in vitro. | 1986 | 3708146 |
| kinetics of the hydrolysis of cellulose by beta-1,4-glucan cellobiohydrolase of trichoderma viride. | the cellulolytic enzyme beta-1,4-glucan cellobiohydrolase (cbh) has been isolated from the crude mixture of cellulase enzymes of trichoderma viride by gel filtration and ion-exchange methods, and some aspects of its kinetic behaviour have been examined. studies of the initial rates of the cbh-catalyzed production of cellobiose from fibrous alpha-cellulose show that (i) the dissociation constant for cellobiose competitive product inhibition of the reaction is ki = (1.13 +/- 0.37) x 10(-3) m, (ii) ... | 1977 | 560243 |
| interaction of membrane modifying peptide antibiotics from trichoderma viride with leukocytes. | | 1979 | 88224 |
| antifungal properties of 3-n-alkyn-1-ols and synergism with 2-n-alkyn-1-ols and ketoconazole. | twelve 3-n-alkyn-1-ols (c4-c12, c14, c16, and c18) were tested against aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, and myrothecium verrucaria in sabouraud dextrose agar at ph 5.6 and 7.0. toxicity to candida albicans, candida tropicalis, trichophyton mentagrophytes, and mucor mucedo was determined in the same medium at ph 5.6 and 7.0 in the absence and presence of 10% beef serum. fungitoxicity was strongly influenced by chain length, slightly by ph of the medium, and significantly ... | 1985 | 4020633 |
| suppression of photo-induced sporulation in trichoderma viride by inhibitors. | the mycelium of trichoderma viride grown in the dark under submerged conditions and transferred to membrane filters sporulated only after photoinduction. the optimum photoinduction of sporulation was reached when applying daylight for 3 min and near ultraviolet radiation (355 nm) for 10 to 30 sec. after the photoinduction probounced synthesis of dna, rna and protein was observed. the photoinduced sporulation was partially or fully inhibited in the presence of phenethyl alcohol, actinomycin d, 5- ... | 1976 | 61923 |
| acquisition of small colonies of trichoderma viride for genetic analysis. | growth and mutual interlacing of colonies of t. viride is affected by concentration of nutrients and presence of inhibitors in the culture medium. the most convenient colony restrictors were bengal red, ox gall and sodium deoxycholate while l-sorbose and 2-deoxy-d-arabino-hexose were less efficient. | 1985 | 4054737 |
| "de novo" synthesis of cellulase' induced by sophorose in trichoderma viride cells. | | 1971 | 4330540 |
| co-operative action by endo- and exo-beta-(1 leads to 3)-glucanases from parasitic fungi in the degradation of cell-wall glucans of sclerotinia sclerotiorum (lib.) de bary. | 1. two fungi, coniothyrium minitans campbell and trichoderma viride pers. ex fr., were grown on autoclaved crushed sclerotia of the species sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which they parasitize. 2. in vitro the crude culture filtrates would lyse walls isolated from hyphal cells or the inner pseudoparenchymatous cells of the sclerotia, in which a branched beta-(1-->3)-beta-(1-->6)-glucan, sclerotan, is a major constituent. 3. chromatographic fractionation of the enzymes in each culture filtrate reveale ... | 1974 | 4476212 |
| [biosynthesis of cellulolytic enzymes by trichoderma lignorum in relation to culture conditions]. | | 1974 | 4476897 |
| effectiveness of a lytic enzyme preparation from trichoderma viride in releasing spheroplasts from fungi, particularly basidiomycetes. | | 1973 | 4543048 |
| antifungal activity of 5-, 7-, and 5,7-substituted 2-methyl-8-quinolinols. | 2-methyl-8-quinolinol and sixteen 5-, 7-, and 5,7-substituted derivatives with fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, nitro, and amino substituents were tested for in vitro antifungal activity against five fungi, aspergillus niger, a. oryzae, trichoderma viride, myrothecium verrucaria, and trichophyton mentagrophytes. the 5,7-dichloro and 5,7-dibromo derivatives were the most fungitoxic of the compounds tested. with the exception of these two compounds and 5-iodo-2-methyl-8-quinolinol, the 2-methyl analog ... | 1972 | 4670476 |
| catabolite repression of cellulase formation in trichoderma viride. | | 1972 | 4672572 |
| release of protoplasts from schizophyllum commune by combined action of purified -1,3-glucanase and chitinase derived from trichoderma viride. | | 1973 | 4737371 |
| the mechanism of enzymatic cellulose degradation. purification of a cellulolytic enzyme from trichoderma viride active on highly ordered cellulose. | | 1973 | 4738092 |
| antifungal properties of 2-alkenoic acids and 2-bromo alkanoic acids. | the antifungal activity of homologous series of 2-alkenoic and 2-bromo alkanoic acids was determined against aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, myrothecium verrucaria, and trichophyton mentagrophytes and compared with data on analogous alkanoic and 2-fluoro alkanoic acids. the fungitoxicity of all of the series of compounds was determined by chain length, ph of the medium, and presence or absence of adsorbents such as serum albumin. the order of toxicity on a molecular basis, by using a scal ... | 1973 | 4791305 |
| the mechanism of enzymatic cellulose degradation. isolation and some properties of a beta-glucosidase from trichoderma viride. | | 1974 | 4854948 |
| u-21,963, a new antibiotic. i. discovery and biological activity. | a new antibiotic, u-21,963, is produced by a new strain of trichoderma viride. antibiotic activity can be demonstrated against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and also against a wide variety of fungi. u-21,963 is not cross-resistant with other commonly used antibiotics. u-21,963 afforded no protection against klebsiella pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, or staphylococcus aureus when it was injected subcutaneously into mice. | 1966 | 4959076 |
| a polypeptide antibacterial agent isolated from trichoderma viride. | | 1967 | 4962017 |
| [metabolism of aromatic compounds by trichoderma lignorum (tode) harz; preliminary study]. | | 1967 | 4964620 |
| new mycotoxin, trichotoxin a, from trichoderma viride isolated from southern leaf blight-infected corn. | a new mycotoxin, trichotoxin a, was found in a solvent extract of the mycelium of trichoderma viride isolated from corn infected with southern leaf blight. trichotoxin a is a cyclic peptide with the following amino acid composition: (glun)(2), (glu)(1), (pro)(2), (gly)(1), (ala)(3), (leu)(3), (2-methyl alanine)(1). | 1972 | 5062092 |
| enhanced cellulase production by a mutant of trichoderma viride. | a mutant strain that secretes twice as much cellulase as its parent was obtained by irradiating conidia of trichoderma viride qm 6a with a linear accelerator. | 1971 | 5099761 |
| antifungal activity of substituted nitrobenzenes and anilines. | series of 1,3-dihalogeno-5-nitrobenzenes, 3- and 3,5-halogenoanilines, and 2,6-dihalogeno-4-nitroanilines were tested for fungitoxicity against aspergillus niger, a. oryzae, trichoderma viride, myrothecium verrucaria, and trichophyton mentagrophytes in shaken culture by using sabouraud dextrose broth enriched with yeast extract as the test medium. 1,3-dichloro-5-nitrobenzene, 1,3-dibromo-5-nitrobenzene, 3-iodoaniline, 3,5-dichloroaniline, and 3,5-dibromoaniline were found to possess sufficient a ... | 1971 | 5165839 |
| inductive formation of cellulase by sophorose in trichoderma viride. | | 1971 | 5166070 |
| [dissimilation of aromatic acids by trichoderma lignorum (tode) harz]. | | 1969 | 5373659 |
| complementation in nonconidiating mutants of trichoderma. | nonconidiating (con(-)) mutants were isolated from wild-type and color mutants of the fungus trichoderma viride pers. ex fries. heterokaryons were easily produced and maintained, and the complementation relationships among the con(-) mutants were established. most con(-) mutants could complement one or more of the other con(-) mutants. when marked con(-) mutants were mixed with marked con(+) testers, conidiating heterokaryons were formed. the conidia thus obtained produced only the parental type ... | 1969 | 5392535 |
| [the pyrrole nucleus splitting activity of trichoderma lignorum]. | | 1969 | 5394091 |
| effect of methyl phenyldiazenecarboxylate (azoester) on the germination of the fungus trichoderma viride. | | 1970 | 5460903 |
| degradation of insecticides by a soil fungus, trichoderma viride. | | 1968 | 5659010 |
| the glycosulphatase of trichoderma viride. | the growth of the mould trichoderma viride on a defined medium containing either potassium d-glucose 6-o-sulphate or potassium d-galactose 6-o-sulphate as sole sources of both carbon and sulphur is marked by the production of an enzyme system capable of liberating inorganic so(4) (2-) ions from either of the sulphate esters. the enzyme is not produced when the organism is grown with glucose (or galactose) and potassium sulphate or with glucose and methionine as sole sources of carbon and sulphur ... | 1968 | 5691197 |
| cellulase components from trichoderma viride. | | 1968 | 5723091 |
| effect of atrazine on growth activity of sclerotium rolfsii and trichoderma viride in soil. | | 1968 | 5751554 |
| effect of carbon and nitrogen nutrition on growth and sporulation of trichoderma viride pers. ex fries. | | 1969 | 5816012 |
| individual roles of cellulase components derived from trichoderma viride. | | 1965 | 5893218 |
| morphogenesis in trichoderma: suppression of photoinduction by 5-fluorouracil. | sporulation in the fungus trichoderma viride is inducible with a short light pulse. 5-fluorouracil applied prior to photoinduction and removed thereafter suppressed sporulation without greatly aflecting growth. this compound also halved the rate of incorporation of uracil-c(14) into rna but did not change the ratio of uridylic to cytidylic acid. the effect of 5-fluorouracil was counteracted by uracil but not by thymidine. this supports the hypothesis that 5-fluorouracil affects rna rather than d ... | 1966 | 5948551 |
| malathion degradation by trichoderma viride and a pseudomonas species. | malathion was found to be metabolized quickly by a soil fungus, trichoderma viride, and a bacterium, pseudomonas sp., which were originally found in soils from northern ohio that had been sprayed heavily with insecticides. results of a survey of the breakdown capabilities of 16 variants of t. viride revealed that certain colonies from this species had a very marked ability to breakdown malathion through the action of a carboxylesterase(s). the enzymes can be made soluble by preparing the acetone ... | 1966 | 5950619 |
| the role of nutrients and ph in reversing fungistasis of conidia of trichoderma viride. | | 1967 | 6068131 |
| the cellulase of trichoderma viride. separation of the components involved in the solubilization of cotton. | 1. culture filtrates from trichoderma viride have been fractionated by gel filtration on sephadex g-75 followed by ion-exchange chromatography on deae- and se-sephadex. 2. the components essential for attack on cotton are a carboxymethylcellulase, a cellobiase and a third (c(1)) component which has no action on cm-cellulose, cellobiose or cotton. 3. these components, which together can completely convert cotton into water-soluble products, lose this ability when separated and regain it quantitat ... | 1967 | 6069203 |
| partial proteolysis of some cellulase components from trichoderma viride and the substrate specificity of the modified products. | an endo-cellulase component ec 3.2.1.4 or random type, f ii, was obtained from "cellulase onozuka," a commercial product from trichoderma viride, and was subjected to partial proteolysiats with a protease preparation of the same fungal origin. the resulting modified cellulase was fractioned by two steps of column chromatography, and the resulting patterns, together with the substrate specificity expressed in terms of the randomness of cmc hydrolysis and the immunological properties against anti- ... | 1976 | 8436 |
| purification and properties of an exo-cellulase component of novel type from trichoderma miride. | an enzyme extract from cellulase-onozuka, a commercial product of trichoderma viride, was fractionated by amberlite cg-50 column chromatography into three cellulase ec 3.2.1.4 groups, peaks i to iii. a noval enzyme, which has both beta-glucosidase ec 3.2.1.21 and exo-carboxymethyl-cellulase (exo-cmcase) properties was obtained from peak iii by extensive purification throuh consecutive column chromatography. the enzyme was homogeneous on ultracentrifugation, sds-gel and cellulose acetate film ele ... | 1975 | 5409 |
| [a comparative study of the physico-chemical properties of lysine oxidase from trichoderma sp. and trichoderma viride y 244-2]. | some physicochemical properties of l-lysine oxidase from two strains of trichoderma were studied. content of metals and cofactors (se, zn, cu, fe, co, mn, mo), amino acid analysis, secondary structure were estimated. the enzyme molecule from trichoderma sp was found to contain both fad and pqq cofactors. | 1992 | 1329350 |
| structural and membrane modifying porperties of suzukacillin, a peptide antibiotic related to alamethicin. part b. pore formation in black lipid films. | suzukacillin, a polypeptide consisting of presumably 23 amino acids and 1 phenylalaninol, is produced by a trichoderma viride strain no. 1037 and it can be isolated from the culture medium. it shows membrane-modifying properties similar to those of alamethicin. discrete condustance fluctuations indicate the formation of oligomer pores of varying diameter. on the basis of voltage jump relaxation experiments evidence is given that the dimer is the nucleation state from which pore formation starts ... | 1976 | 1260058 |
| structural and membrane modifying properties of suzukacillin, a peptide antibiotic related to alamethicin. part a. sequence and conformation. | the primary structure and conformation of the polypeptide antibiotic suzukacillin a are investigated. suzukacillin a is isolated from the trichoderma viride strain 1037 and exhibits membrane modifying and lysing properties similar to those of alamethicin. a combined gas chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis of the trifluoroacetylated peptide methyl esters of partial hydrolysates revealed a tentative sequence of 23 residues including 10 2-methylalanines and one phenylalaninol, which shows m ... | 1976 | 1260057 |
| fungal 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. | two representatives of each of different fungal taxonomic classes were tested for constitutive 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (hsdh) activity and the results were positive in all cases. the enzyme was found to be regioselective for c17 of the steroid ring and 20 beta-hsdh activity was only detected in trichoderma viride. in most cases the oxidative pathway is favoured over the reductive pathway. the possible role of this enzyme in fungi is discussed. | 1992 | 1334892 |
| transformation of n epsilon-cbz-l-lysine to cbz-l-oxylysine using l-amino acid oxidase from providencia alcalifaciens and l-2-hydroxy-isocaproate dehydrogenase from lactobacillus confusus. | biotransformations were developed to oxidize n epsilon-carbobenzoxy(cbz)-l-lysine and to reduce the product keto acid to l-cbz-oxylysine. lysyl oxidase (l-lysine: o2 oxidoreductase, ec 1.4.3.14) from trichoderma viride was relatively specific for l-lysine and had very low activity with n epsilon-substituted derivatives. l-amino acid oxidase (l-amino acid: o2 oxidoreductase [deaminating], ec 1.4.3.2) from crotalus adamanteus venom had low activity with l-lysine but high activity with n epsilon-fo ... | 1992 | 1368913 |
| an avicel-affinity site in an avicel-digesting exocellulase from a trichoderma viride mutant. | a single form of exo-type cellulase (exo i; mw, 65,000), purified from a trichoderma viride protease-depressed mutant, hk-75, digested avicel to cellobiose exowise, and hydrolyzed cellotriose, cellotetraose, and cellopentaose in the strict manner of splitting off by cellobiose units. exo i, however, hydrolyzed cellohexaose by both cellobiose and cellotriose units. exo i was proteolyzed by papain into two fragments; gpexo (mw, 9,000) and exo i' (mw, 56,000). the gpexo intensively adsorbed onto av ... | 1992 | 1369052 |
| light-activated adenyl cyclase from trichoderma viride. | the effect of light on adenyl cyclase (e.c. 4.6.1.1) and 3':5'-cyclic-amp-phosphodiesterase (e.c. 3.1.4.17) activity of trichoderma viride was investigated. adenyl cyclase proved to be a membrane-associated enzyme, requiring mn2+ and was activated by light. in contrast, 3':5'-cyclic-amp-phosphodiesterase showed no light-stimulated activity. the activity of 3':5'-cyclic-amp-phosphodiesterase was present mainly in the cytosol and was stimulated by mg2+. | 1992 | 1379960 |
| apple-fruit xyloglucans: a comparative study of enzyme digests of whole cell walls and of alkali-extracted xyloglucans. | apple cell walls or alkali-extracted xyloglucans were digested with an endo-glucanase from trichoderma viride and the resulting oligosaccharides were isolated by chromatography on bio-gel p-4. three main oligosaccharides were present in similar proportions, and their structures were shown to be [xyl(glc)]3-glc, [xyl(glc)]2-(fucgalxyl)glc-glc, and xylglc-(galxyp)glc-(fucgalxyl)glc-glc. each non-reducing-end glc was 6-linked, each reducing-end glc was 4-substituted, and each other glc was 4,6-disu ... | 1992 | 1423361 |
| a biological assay for the detection of myrothecium spp. produced macrocyclic trichothecenes. | a rapid, inexpensive bioassay to detect myrothecium spp.-produced macrocyclic trichothecenes was developed. media containing myrothecium isolates were inoculated with chlorella vulgaris, ustilago maydis and trichoderma viride. based on width of the inhibition zone, isolates could be classified as highly toxigenic, non-toxigenic and intermediate. whereas, c. vulgaris and u. maydis showed significant differences in their response to toxigenic and non-toxigenic isolates, t. viride did not. producti ... | 1992 | 1435958 |
| uniform 15n labeling of a fungal peptide: the structure and dynamics of an alamethicin by 15n and 1h nmr spectroscopy. | an alamethicin, secreted by the fungus trichoderma viride and containing a glutamine at position 18 instead of the usual glutamic acid, has been uniformly labeled with 15n and purified by hplc. the extent of 15n incorporation at individual backbone and side-chain sites was found to vary from 85% to 92%, as measured by spin-echo difference spectroscopy. the proton nmr spectrum of the peptide dissolved in methanol was assigned using correlation spectroscopies and nuclear overhauser enhancements (n ... | 1992 | 1554700 |
| hyperpolarization and intracellular acidification in trichoderma viride as a response to illumination. | using indirect methods based on uptake of [3h]tetraphenylphosphonium cation and [14c]benzoic acid by cells of the fungus trichoderma viride we found that the illumination-induced transient hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane is followed immediately by a rapid temporary decrease in intracellular ph. hyperpolarization and intracellular acidification were completely suppressed by 150 mm-kcl and by the k(+)-ionophore valinomycin. the light-induced acidification of the cytoplasm was not observed ... | 1991 | 1783907 |
| the effects of enzyme supplementation on the nutritive value of rye grain (secale cereale) for the young broiler chick. | two dose-response experiments utilizing differing enzyme concentrations were carried out to determine the level of a crude enzyme preparation (trichoderma viride cellulase) required to obtain maximum growth performance in young broiler chicks fed a 60% rye diet. enzyme concentrations utilized in these studies ranged from .05 to 12.8 g enzyme/kg diet. enzyme supplementation at the 3.2 g/kg diet level yielded increases in feed consumption and weight gain of 71 and 193%, respectively; and the feed ... | 1991 | 1784572 |
| molecular action of tricholin, a ribosome-inactivating protein isolated from trichoderma viride. | an extracellular protein was isolated from a species of soil-borne fungi (trichoderma viride) and its amino acid composition has been determined. the protein is acidic with a molecular mass of 14,200 daltons and is given the trivial name tricholin. tricholin is a potent inhibitor of cell-free protein synthesis. when rabbit reticulocyte lysate was incubated with tricholin at a concentration of 6.3 x 10(-7) m, it completely abolished the capacity of the lysate to support protein synthesis. the inh ... | 1991 | 1809839 |
| enzymatic activity of cellulase adsorbed on cellulose and its change during hydrolysis. | hydrolysis of pure cellulose avicel has been carried out, using meicelase from trichoderma viride, where the enzymatic activity of cellulase adsorbed on cellulose and its changes during the hydrolysis were investigated. a rapid drop of the hydrolysis rate during the reaction, that is always observed in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, could be explained by a decline of specific activity of adsorbed enzyme, and it was implied that the decline results from a loss of synergistic action between en ... | 1991 | 1818538 |
| low-molecular-weight xylanase from trichoderma viride. | an endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (1,4-beta-d-xylan xylanohydrolase, ec 3.2.1.8) has been isolated from a commercial preparation of trichoderma viride. the molecular weight was 22,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the pi value was 9.3. the xylanase was a true xylanase without cellulase activity. when the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the first 50 residues was compared with that of a xylanase from schizophyllum commune, strong evidence for homology was found, with ... | 1991 | 1872616 |
| antifungal activity and mode of action of saponins from madhuca butyracea macb. | the antifungal activity of saponins isolated as a byproduct from the defatted cake of m. butyracea oil seed is reported. the inhibitory concentrations against plant pathogenic fungi ranged from 500 to 2000 ppm. maximum sensitivity to saponins was shown by penicillium expansum. cephalosporium acrimonium, helminthosporium oryzae and trichoderma viride. the saponins caused leakage of cell components and underwent degradation by fungus, trichoderma viride. the usefulness of saponins as antimycotic a ... | 1991 | 1889830 |
| substrate-velocity relationships for the trichoderma viride cellulase-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose. | the influence of substrate and enzyme concentrations on the rate of saccharification of two defined insoluble cellulose substrates, avicel (fmc corp., philadelphia, pa.) and solka-floc (james river co., berlin, n.h.), by the cellulase enzyme system of trichoderma viride was evaluated. in the assays, enzyme concentrations ranging from 0.004 to 0.016 iu/ml and substrate concentrations up to 10% (wt/vol) were used. analysis by initial velocity methods found the maximum velocity of saccharification ... | 1990 | 2403250 |
| light-stimulated phosphorylation of proteins in cell-free extracts from trichoderma viride. | when illuminated by visible light, cell-free extracts from the fungus trichoderma viride catalysed the phosphorylation of at least two proteins with molecular masses of 18 and 114 kda which were practically absent when the phosphorylation was performed in the dark. the effect of light could be substituted by 3mm cyclic amp, not only in the cell-free extract, but also in the separated cytosol. it is concluded that the process of photoinduced conidiation in trichoderma involves phosphorylation of ... | 1989 | 2542085 |
| the effect of trichoderma viride c-1 uv mutagenization on cellulases activity. | trichoderma viride c-1 strain was irradiated with uv until the survival level of 0.03% was obtained. sixteen mutants were isolated on the basis of the visible clearance zone around the colonies on the media with cellulose and glycerol. then they were cultivated on a rotary shaker in the liquid saunders medium supplemented with microcrystalline cellulose and comminuted sugar beet pulp. exo-1,4-beta-glucanase, endo-1,4-beta-glucanase and beta-glucosidase were assayed in the supernatants of postcul ... | 1989 | 2629784 |
| the cellulase of trichoderma viride. purification, characterization and comparison of all detectable endoglucanases, exoglucanases and beta-glucosidases. | six endoglucanases (endo i; ii; iii; iv; v; vi), three exoglucanases (exo i; ii; iii) and a beta-glucosidase (beta-gluc i) were isolated from a commercial cellulase preparation derived from trichoderma viride, using gel filtration on bio-gel, anion exchange on deae-bio-gel a, cation exchange on se-sephadex and affinity chromatography on crystalline cellulose. molecular masses were determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. one group of endoglucanases (endo i, endo ii and endo iv) with mr ... | 1985 | 3917923 |
| evidence that the mechanisms of fungitoxicity of 8-quinolinol and its bischelate with copper(ii) are different. | the copper(ii) contents of the growth media, sabouraud dextrose and czapek-dox broths, and of the spore inocula of aspergillus niger (atcc 1004), aspergillus oryzae (atcc 1011), trichoderma viride (atcc 8678), and myrothecium verrucaria (atcc 9095) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in a graphite furnace. the test systems composed of sabouraud dextrose broth and spore inocula of the four fungi contained only a little over 3% of the copper(ii) required to form a minimal inhibi ... | 1985 | 3935305 |
| morphological and colour mutants of trichoderma viride: characterization and complementation. | a total of 26 morphological and colour mutants of trichoderma viride were characterized. they were divided into three groups based on morphology, pigmentation, growth rates and intensity of conidiation. complementation analysis of colour mutants and mutants with disturbances in conidiation showed that after anastomosis and protoplast fusion only heterokaryotes are formed while no nuclear migration and diploidization takes place. | 1985 | 4054736 |
| effect of atrazine on growth response of sclerotium rolfsii and trichoderma viride. | | 1967 | 6070712 |
| antifungal properties of 2-n-alkyn-1-ols. | fourteen 2-n-alkynols (c3-c14, c16, and c18) were tested against aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, and myrothecium verrucaria in sabouraud dextrose agar at ph 5.6 and 7.0. toxicity to candida albicans, candida tropicalis, trichophyton mentagrophytes, and mucor mucedo was determined in the same medium at ph 5.6 and 7.0 in the absence and presence of 10% beef serum. fungitoxicity was strongly influenced by chain length, slightly by the ph of the medium, and significantly b ... | 1984 | 6098642 |
| a new antitumor enzyme, l-lysine alpha-oxidase from trichoderma viride. purification and enzymological properties. | l-lysine alpha-oxidase from trichoderma viride y244-2 has been purified to homogeneity. the enzyme shows absorption maxima at 277, 388, and 466 nm and a shoulder around 490 nm and contains 2 mol of fad/mol of enzyme. the enzyme has a molecular weight of approximately 116,000 and consists of two subunits identical in molecular weight (about 56,000). in addition to l-lysine, l-ornithine, l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine, l-arginine, and l-histidine are oxidized by the enzyme to a lesser extent. several ... | 1980 | 6101334 |
| suppression of cholesterol and stimulation of fatty acid biosynthesis in chicken livers by dietary cereals supplemented with culture filtrate of trichoderma viride. | | 1980 | 6103025 |
| regulation of lipid metabolism in chicken liver by dietary cereals supplemented with culture filtrate of trichoderma viride. | | 1980 | 6103923 |
| [propionic acid preservation of corn following inoculation with molds and yeasts]. | in laboratory tests spores of 7 fusarium species, 6 yeast species, and of the molds paecilomyces varioti and trichoderma viride were inoculated into propionic acid treated corn. the initial moisture content of the corn was adjusted to 19, 25, 32, and 40%, the propionic acid dosages being 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0% respectively. by these treatments the growth of the inoculated fungi was inhibited for a storage of a least 6 months at 20 degrees c. the inhibition of growth was indicated by the decreas ... | 1981 | 6212039 |
| affinity chromatography of proteolytic enzymes on silica-based biospecific sorbents. | new biospecific sorbents for affinity chromatography of proteolytic enzymes were prepared by the attachment of the cyclopeptide antibiotics bacitracin, bacilliquin or gramicidin s to aminosilochrom via a reaction with p-benzoquinone. the content of the cyclopeptide ligands within the sorbents varied from 2 to 46 mumol/g. the sorbents prepared by this reaction were successfully applied in the purification of the carboxylic proteinases produced by fungi, russula decolorans (a basidiomycete) and tr ... | 1981 | 6271864 |
| selective effects of two systemic fungicides on soil fungi. | bas 317 00f was not toxic to the total count of fungi after 2 days but was regularly significantly toxic at the three doses after 5, 20 and 40 days and toxic at the low and the high doses after 80 days. in the agar medium, it was toxic to the counts of total fungi. aspergillus, a. terreus, rhizopus oryzae and mucor racemosus at the high dose. only the mycelial growth of trichoderma viride which was significantly inhibited by the three doses when this fungicide was added to the liquid medium. pol ... | 1982 | 6290890 |
| beta-glucosidase excretion in trichoderma strains with different cell wall bound beta-1,3-glucanase activities. | two different strains of trichoderma pseudokoningii (se1 a8 and se1 d81) and trichoderma viride qm 9123 release into the medium different proportions of the total beta-glucosidase activity produced. this observation correlates with the degree of beta-1,3-glucanase binding to the cell wall found for each strain. deae-sephadex ion-exchange chromatography revealed three peaks of beta-1,3-glucanase activity. these three enzymes (enzyme i, enzyme ii, and enzyme iii) differ in their extent of binding ... | 1983 | 6406022 |
| [beta-glucanase and chitinase biosynthesis in a culture of a mycophilic strain of trichoderma viride]. | the production of extracellular 1,3-, 1,6-beta-glucanases and chitinase was studied during submerged cultivation of a trichoderma viride strain 3/78 on various carbon sources: glycerol, glucose, lactose, sucrose, laminaran, starch, pustulan, chitin, and agaricus bisporus fruit bodies. the synthesis of these enzymes and cellulase was studied also under the conditions of depression at low concentrations (10(-2) and 10(-3)m) of the first five aforementioned carbon sources as well as cellobiose, gen ... | 1983 | 6420649 |
| influence of culture filtrate of trichoderma viride and barley on lipid metabolism of laying hens. | the suppression of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a (hmg coa) reductase and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, previously noted in studies of the influences of barley and the filtrate of trichoderma viride culture (cf) on cholesterol metabolism in sexually immature birds, is shown in sexually mature birds. barley, cf or both were fed in one study from the day of hatching, in another during the period of sexual maturation and, in a third study, cf was fed to mature layers. cf suppresse ... | 1984 | 6538924 |
| microbial degradation of trifluralin by aspergillus carneus, fusarium oxysporum and trichoderma viride. | 3h-trifluralin was synthesized by condensation of 3h-4-chloro-3,5-dinitro-alpha, alpha, alpha-trifluorotoluene with di-n-propylamine. after incubation of trifluralin with aspergillus carneus, fusarium oxysporum and trichoderma viride for 10 days, a small percentage (less than 10%) of unchanged herbicide was recovered in the extractable fraction. this indicates a fairly rapid degradation of the herbicide by the fungal species. other than trifluralin, the culture medium contained at least five lab ... | 1983 | 6682873 |
| [effect of nitrogen sources on cellulase biosynthesis by a mutant strain of trichoderma viride 44]. | the effect of various nitrogen sources on cellulase biosynthesis by the mutant strain trichoderma viride 44 was examined. this strain may utilized nitrogen in the nitrate, ammonium of organic form. when cultivating this strain, it appears advantageous to add to the nutrient medium yeast and yeast lyzates as well as their mixture with ammonium sulfate. cellulase reached its maximum activity of 20.2, 21.5 and 23.2 mu/ml when grown on the medium containing ammonium phosphate, peptone and brewing ye ... | 1983 | 6684773 |
| protoplast release from fungi capable of steroid transformation. | protoplasts were obtained from hyphoderma roseum (fries) and cunninghamella elegans (lendner), fungi capable of steroid 11-hydroxylation. the lytic enzyme preparation was derived from trichoderma viride cbs 354-33. homogeneous protoplast suspension, free of mycelial debris and cell wall fragments, transformed cortexolone and 6 alpha-fluorocortexolone-16,17-acetonide to the same products as the intact mycelium of the microorganisms. liberation of protoplasts and their stabilization during steroid ... | 1984 | 6713303 |
| interactions of alfalfa plant and sprout saponins with cholesterol in vitro and in cholesterol-fed rats. | the in vitro interactions of saponins from alfalfa plant and alfalfa sprouts with cholesterol and the effects of alfalfa plant and sprout and saponin-free alfalfa plant on diet-induced liver cholesterol accumulation, bile acid excretion, and jejunal and colonic morphology were examined. cholesterol-saponin interactions have been suggested as mechanisms for the observed hypocholesterolemic effects of alfalfa as well as the changes in intestinal morphology. alfalfa plant saponins bound significant ... | 1984 | 6720621 |
| isolation and mutation of cellulolytic fungi. | nineteen fungi were isolated from different soil samples on the basis of clear zones formed on rose bengal cellulose agar medium. in shake flasks th isolate k1 gave 12.1 units/ml of cmcase activity. a mutant of the isolate k1, km7, was selected after n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine treatment of the wild-type. this mutant differed morphologically from the parent strain on rbca medium and gave 36.2 units/ml of cmcase activity which represented about 50% of the enzyme yield from the standard o ... | 1981 | 6789615 |
| structure of alamethicin in solution. one- and two-dimensional 1h nuclear magnetic resonance studies at 500 mhz. | we report here the 500 mhz 1h nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of alamethicin, an icosapeptide antibiotic isolated from trichoderma viride, in methanol, water and methanol/water mixtures. at this frequency, resonances from all the protons are well-resolved in methanol and may be assigned unambiguously. spectral assignments were made using two-dimensional spin-echo correlated spectroscopy and by spin-decoupling experiments. the amide coupling constants (jnh-alpha ch) facilitated conformational ... | 1983 | 6854631 |
| trichoderma viride peritonitis. | a patient with renal failure secondary to amyloidosis and undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis had fungal peritonitis due to trichoderma viride, an organism ubiquitous in the soil. tissue invasion by this species has not previously been reported. in vitro susceptibility of the organism suggests that such infections may respond to amphotericin b or ketoconazole although our patient died before a response to therapy could be evaluated. | 1983 | 6857312 |
| effects of cereals and culture filtrate of trichoderma viride on lipid metabolism of swine. | swine were fed corn- or barley-based diets with, or without, culture filtrate (cf) of trichoderma viride for 21 days. weight gains were nonsignificantly but slightly increased by cf. the activities of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl coenzyme a (hmg-coa) reductase, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, acetyl-coa carboxylase (acx), fatty acid synthetase (fas) and other lipogenic enzymes in several tissues were determined. significant decreases in the activities of hmg-coa reductase and cholesterol 7 ... | 1982 | 6891742 |
| [carboxylic proteinase from trichoderma lignorum]. | a carboxylic proteinase has been isolated from a commercial preparation of trichoderma lignorum used as a source of cellulolytic enzymes. the purification procedure included precipitation by (nh4)2so4 (65% saturation), gel-filtration through acrylex p-10, affinity chromatography on gramicidin s bound to an inorganic matrix, gel-filtration through acrylex p-10, affinity chromatography on bacitracin-sepharose and separation on ultrogel aca 54 followed by gel-filtration through sephadex g-50. a 400 ... | 1980 | 6991003 |
| [carboxylic proteinases from the microscopic fungi trichoderma viride and trichoderma lignorum]. | using ion-exchange chromatography on aminosilochrome and biospecific chromatography on bacitracin-sepharose, the carboxylic proteinases have been isolated for the first time from the microscopic fungi of the trichoderma genus -- trichoderma viride and trichoderma lignorum, commonly used to produce cellulases. the proteinases are stable within the ph range of 3 to 6; pi is 4,3 and 4,5, the ph optimum -- 2,3 and 2,8, respectively. the molecular weight of the enzymes is 32000, the amino acid compos ... | 1981 | 7018591 |
| [isolation and comparative properties of serine proteinases of the microscopic fungi trichoderma lignorum and trichoderma koningii]. | using affinity chromatography on bacitracin-sepharose combined with ion-exchange chromatography on aminosilochrome and isoelectrofocusing, individual serine proteases have been isolated for the first time from surface cultures of t. lignorum and t. koningii. the proteinases have pi values at 6.8 and 6.7 and ph optima of 10.5. both proteinases are stable within the ph range of 4-11 and have molecular weight of 21 000. the amino acid composition of t. lignorum enzyme is lys3his4arg9asx23thr17ser23 ... | 1981 | 7032610 |
| volatile and gaseous metabolites released by germinating seeds of lentil and maize cultivars with different susceptibilities to fusariosis and smut. | the effect of volatile and gaseous metabolites released by germinating seeds of lentil cultivars more and less susceptible to fusariosis on the germination of spores of mucor racemosus, trichoderma viride, verticillium dahliae and botrytis cinerea was found to depend rather on the fungal genus than on the lentil cultivar. however, spores of fusarium oxysporum reacted more sensitively during germination to the presence of exudates of both cultivars, when the more susceptible lentil displayed a st ... | 1980 | 7189738 |
| [selection of trichoderma viride, a producer of cellulase]. | a mutant strain of trichoderma viride producing cellulase has been obtained as a result of three-stage selection using chemical and physical factors. new variants with modified characteristics appeared after the action of nitroso compounds on a suspension of conidia at the first stage of selection and the action of temperature at the second stage. the new characteristics were intensified and became stable at the third stage of selection. the experimental mutagenesis yielded an active an active m ... | 1980 | 7191044 |
| changes in the lipid composition during the photo-induced conidiation of trichoderma viride. | the sporulating and nonsporulating mycelium of trichoderma viride exhibited significant differences in the levels of triacylglycerols, sterol esters. fatty acids, gangliosides, phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin. quantitative changes in the contents of polar and nonpolar lipids were observed also during the analyses of one-, two-, three-day-old sporulation zones in colonies subjected to repeated photo-induction. these findings are similar to the changes observed during the differentiatio ... | 1980 | 7191385 |
| a new sesquiterpene antibiotic, heptelidic acid producing organisms, fermentation, isolation and characterization. | a new sesquiterpene antibiotic, heptelidic acid, was found in the culture filtrate of three different strains of fungi isolated from soil samples. these strains were identified as gliocladium virens, chaetomium globosum and trichoderma viride. heptelidic acid was produced by conventional submerged culture and purified by successive column chromatography on silica gel and sephadex lh-20 and finally by preparative tlc on silica gel. the molecular formula of heptelidic acid was determined as c15h20 ... | 1980 | 7191847 |
| characterization of conidiation mutants in trichoderma viride by hyphal anastomosis and protoplast fusion. | conidiation mutants were isolated from the fungus trichoderma viride, and tested for complementation by both anastomosis and protoplast fusion. they could be grouped into three classes: (1) colour mutants; (2) mutants with reduced conidiation; and (3) nonconidiating mutants. several mutants of classes (2) and (3) were incapable of anastomosis, but via protoplast fusion they produced heterokaryons suitable for complementation tests. | 1980 | 7193400 |
| preparation of mutants of trichoderma viride with increased production of cellulase. | four mutant strains exhibiting increased production of cullulases were prepared by uv irradiation of conidia of trichoderma viride qm 9414. selected mutants were tested for production of cellulases in submerged cultivations in shake flasks and in a 30-l fermentor in a synthetic medium containing 1 % microcrystaline cellulose as the carbon source. some mutants showed considerable morphological differences when compared to the parent strain, the most noticeable being a higher degree of branching o ... | 1981 | 7196365 |
| [detection of transglycosylation reactions under the influence of trichoderma koningii and trichoderma viride cellulase]. | the transglycosylation reactions catalyzed by the low molecular weight endo-beta-1,4-glucanase from the cellulase complex of trichoderma koningii as well as unseparated complexes from tr. koningii and tr. viride were investigated. the products obtained from the mixture of cellodextrine (donor, 0.5%) and p-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside (acceptor, 0.4%) with the aid of the above enzymes were analyzed. transglycosylation products were separated by sephadex g-15 gel-filtration. in all the three ... | 1981 | 7197022 |
| cell growth and cellulase production in trichoderma viride on microcrystalline cellulose. | the production of cm and fp cellulases was studied during the growth of a wild strain of trichoderma viride on microcrystalline cellulose. part of the enzymes was found to be released into the medium while another part remained bound to the cell. bound cellulases are released into the medium at the stage of cell lysis which takes place in the post-stationary phase. in this period extracellular cm and fp cellulases attain maximum activities. when the hyphae are subjected to a cold shock, maximum ... | 1981 | 7197252 |
| kinetics of cellulase production in trichoderma viride on microcrystalline cellulose. | during the cultivation of a wild strain of t. viride on microcrystalline cellulose the synthesis of cell-bound fp cellulases precedes cell growth. during the growth they are released into the medium as extracellular enzymes. the rete of synthesis of extracellular fp cellulases increases during cell growth, reaching a maximum at the beginning of transition to the stationary phase when the cell growth rate decreases. in contrast to extracellular enzymes, the rate of synthesis of bound cellulases d ... | 1981 | 7197253 |