| distribution of alpha and alpha mating types of cryptococcus neoformans among natural and clinical isolates. | survey revealed that the mating type alpha is predominant among natural and clinical isolates of cryptococcus neoformans regardless of the serotype. the ratio of alpha and a type was about 40:1 among 105 natural isolates and 30:1 in 233 clinical isolates. | 1978 | 364979 |
| interaction of chemotherapy and immune defenses in experimental murine cryptococcosis. | congenitally athymic nude (nu/nu) and thymus-containing heterozygous (nu/x) mice were infected intraperitoneally with cryptococcus neoformans over a wide range of challenge doses. cryptococcal disease progressed more rapidly in nude mice than in their nu/x littermates. when nu/x mice were treated with amphotericin b, all survived an otherwise lethal dose of c. neoformans. at larger challenge doses, survival was prolonged in nu/nu mice treated with amphotericin b, but they later succumbed to cryp ... | 1978 | 365086 |
| delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in infected mice elicited by cytoplasmic fractions of cryptococcus neoformans. | four subcellular fractions of cryptococcus neoformans prepared by differential centrifugation of disrupted whole yeast and a 3-day culture filtrate were examined for their ability to elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity in sensitized animals. the methods used to detect sensitization were (i) the footpad swelling test and inhibition of peritoneal macrophage migration in mice and (ii) skin testing in guinea pigs. two entities, the post-mitochondrial supernatant and the culture filtrate, showed con ... | 1978 | 365751 |
| commercial cryptococcal latex kit: clinical evaluation in a medical center hospital. | a commercial latex kit for the detection of cryptococcal antigen (lcat) was used in a medical center hospital to test cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and serum specimens from patients suspected of having cryptococcal infections. the lcat was also performed on 8 csf and 2 serum specimens from other mycotic infections and on 50 serum specimens from healthy controls. of a total of 561 specimens (489 csf and 72 sera) from 426 patients, 78 (13.9%) specimens were lcat positive; these came from 12 patients w ... | 1978 | 365881 |
| pigmentation and autofluorescence of cryptococcus species after growth on tryptophan and anthranilic acid media. | cryptococcus neoformans and candida albicans produced a pink pigment from media containing tryptophan. approximately 30% of the c. neoformans strains produced large amounts of the pink (purple after 6 days) pigment in the absence of light whereas 70% of the cryptococcus neoformans strains, as well as c. laurentii, c. albidus, c. diffluens, and c. albicans also produced the pink pigment with light being required for significant early production (2--6 days). significant production did occur for cr ... | 1978 | 366422 |
| meningoencephalitis following enucleation for cryptococcal endophthalmitis. | a man developed meningoencephalitis 9 months after enucleation of his right eye for proved cryptococcal endophthalmitis secondary to a penetrating injury. the presumed portal of entry of cryptococcus neoformans into the central nervous system was along the optic nerve subarachnoid sheath. | 1978 | 367263 |
| on the structure of the capsular polysaccharide from cryptococcus neoformans serotype c. | | 1978 | 367954 |
| isolation and rapid identification of yeasts from compromised hosts. | in order to improve the isolation and identification of yeasts in a cancer research hospital, a protocol was developed utilizing an improved blood culture methodology and a four-test schema for rapid yeast identification. the blood culturing technique, based upon centrifugation, has shown a ten-fold increase in isolation of fungi from blood and has provided for: quantitation or organisms, unlimited selection of media and atmospheres for primary culturing, and a 1:200 dilution of microorganisms a ... | 1978 | 370600 |
| epidemiology of cryptococcus neoformans. | the concept of the epidemiology of cryptococcus neoformans as the causative agent of cryptococcosis and as a basidiomycetous yeast is based on the fact that bird manure has been until now its only known habitat but not plant material which likewise harbours various nonpathogenic cryptococcus species. it could be shown that the possible influence of nutritional factors on the morphology and morphogenesis earns attention not only in view of the epidemiology of c. neoformans but of its perfect stat ... | 1978 | 370607 |
| [selective infection of the central nervous system by cryptococcus neoformans--animal studies with the use of special bacterial strains]. | | 1978 | 371214 |
| [capsule formation in saprophytic yeasts]. | among ten carbon sources and five nitrogen sources tested, d-mannose (3%) and peptone (0.2%) were found to be the best ones for stimulating capsule formation by the yeast cryptococcus magnus. addition of yeast extract (0.1%) to the medium favoured formation of larger capsules. elevated concentrations of mannose and peptone inhibited capsule formation. comparison of the results obtained with the data about the effect of cultivation conditions on capsule formation by the pathogenic yeast revealed ... | 1979 | 375043 |
| laboratory diagnosis of systemic mycoses in dogs. part i. | | 1979 | 375060 |
| antifungal activity of transferrin. | inhibitory effects of transferrin on fungal growth were successfully estimated by measuring fungal atp content. by this method, it was demonstrated that both human and rabbit transferrin possessed the inhibitory effect in the absence of any other factor on yeast-like and filamentous fungi. however, rabbit stimulation factor enhanced the inhibitory effect. the inhibitory effect of transferrin was nonspecific and correlated with unsaturated iron binding capacity (uibc) of transferrin. human transf ... | 1979 | 375440 |
| demonstration of antigenemia by radioimmunoassay in rabbits experimentally infected with aspergillus. | antigens were detected in the blood of rabbits infected with aspergillus fumigatus by a solid-phase (tube) radioimmunoassay (ria). the radiolabel for the assay was a polysaccharide-rich alkali extract (apae) from the mycelia of a. fumigatus. before this extract could be suitable labeled with 125i, it had to be conjugated with tyramine. rabbits immunized with heat-killed mycelia had titers of antibody in serum of as high as 1:38,000 against this radiolabeled antigen. with unlabeled and unconjugat ... | 1979 | 376756 |
| [pigeons as a reservoir of cryptococcus neoformans]. | | 1979 | 377381 |
| kinetics of lymphocyte transformation in mice immunized with viable avirulent forms of cryptococcus neoformans. | a murine model was developed to study the cell-mediated immune response of mice immunized with one of two live, avirulent forms of cryptococcus neoformans: a nonencapsulated mutant and a thinly encapsulated pseudohyphal variant. a lymphocyte transformation assay was used to evaluate the cellular response of control and sensitized spleen cells after in vitro incubation with three merthiolate-killed whole-cell antigens of c. neoformans. an antigen-to-spleen cell ratio of 10:1 and 5 days of incubat ... | 1979 | 378854 |
| auxotrophic mutants of cryptococcus neoformans. | auxotrophic mutants of cryptococcus neoformans have been obtained by using the methods of mutagenesis and replica-plating. | 1979 | 378957 |
| [cryptococcal meningoencephalitis with extremely high c.s.f. gamma-globulin and immunoglobulin (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 379668 |
| [cryptococcosis: serodiagnosis by immunoenzymology (elisa) (author's transl)]. | for the first time elisa test was applied for the human cryptococcosis serodiagnosis. we have used the somatic and metabolic antigene extracted from culture of cryptococcus neoformans. it seems that metabolic antigenosis more specific and more actif. for two cryptococcosis conformated cases (9 sera), elisa test was always and intensely positive and, in one case after curative treatment, we have seen an importante antibodies decrease. if this first results were confirmated, the elisa test should ... | 1979 | 379809 |
| assay for yeast susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin b in a frozen microtiter system. | a microtiter plate method for determining susceptibility of yeasts to 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin b, which uses color indicators to detect end points, is presented. the microtiter plates can be made in advance and stored frozen for at least eight weeks. forty-two isolates of candida albicans, 12 of candida tropicalis, and nine of torulopsis glabrata were tested. results showed good correlation with turbidity tube dilution susceptibility testing methods. the microtiter method is stable, eas ... | 1979 | 382827 |
| rapid in vitro capsule production by cryptococci. | four agar media (blood, corn meal, chocolate, and sabouraud's) and four liquid media (brain-heart infusion broth, one percent peptone broth, pooled human serum, and lyophilized rabbit coagulase plasma) were evaluated for their ability to enhance the production of capsules from four strains of cryptococcus yeast within 48 hours at 25c and 35c. the yeast in serum and plasma was washed with distilled water prior to india ink preparation in order to prevent precipitation of the ink. the rabbit coagu ... | 1979 | 382848 |
| opsonization of cryptococcus neoformans by human immunoglobulin g: role of immunoglobulin g in phagocytosis by macrophages. | the role of immunoglobulin g (igg) as an opsonin in phagocytosis of cryptococcus neoformans by macrophages was investigated. labeling with 125i showed that igg isolated from normal human serum bound to non-encapsulated c. neoformans. furthermore, igg-opsonized cryptococci were agglutinated by anti-serum to igg heavy chains, indicating that normal human serum contains antibody that will bind to the yeast surface. the igg isolated from normal serum accounted for all opsonizing activity found in no ... | 1979 | 383614 |
| opsonization of cryptococcus neoformans by human immunoglobulin g: masking of immunoglobulin g by cryptococcal polysaccharide. | previous studies have shown that attachment of non-encapsulated cryptococci to macrophages is highly dependent on opsonizing immunoglobulin g (igg) and that cryptococcal polysaccharide inhibits the attachment phase of phagocytosis. we investigated various mechanisms by which cryptococcal polysaccharide might interfere with the opsonizing action of igg. cryptococcal polysaccharide did not appreciably prevent binding of opsonizing igg to the yeast. furthermore, cryptococcal polysaccharide acted as ... | 1979 | 383615 |
| cryptococcal culture filtrate antigen for detection of delayed-type hypersensitivity in cryptococcosis. | previous studies on a cryptococcal culture filtrate (cnef) antigen have shown that the antigen is useful in detecting delayed-type hypersensitivity and that it is specific for cryptococcus. this study further defined one more parameter of specificity, showing that the cnef antigen does not elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in cryptococcus albidus-sensitized guinea pigs. when the crude cnef antigen was subjected to ultrafiltration fractionation, the skin test active components were f ... | 1979 | 383616 |
| evaluation of the modified api 20c system for identification of clinically important yeasts. | the modified api 20c system (analytab products, inc.) containing 19 carbohydrate assimilation tests was used to identify stock cultures of clinical isolates and routine clinical isolates from the mayo clinic mycology laboratory. the system provided correct identifications for 96% of the 505 organisms tested. the api 20c represents a commercial system useful for the identification of yeasts from clinical specimens. although reliable, it is not a complete system and must be used in conjunction wit ... | 1979 | 383742 |
| [cryptococcus neoformans (sanfelice) vuillemin 1894 and the epidemiology of cryptococcosis]. | | 1979 | 384775 |
| evaluation of the new api 20c strip for yeast identification against a conventional method. | the new api 20c yeast identification system together with appropriate microscopic morphology determinations achieved a 97% correlation with a rapid conventional method. whereas a group composed of candida, torulopsis, saccharomyces, and rhodotorula was identified with ease (98% overall correlation), a second group, containing cryptococcus, trichosporon, and geotrichum species, appeared to give the system the most difficulty (90% correlation). within this group particular difficulty was encounter ... | 1979 | 385621 |
| rapid selective urease test for presumptive identification of cryptococcus neoformans. | a rapid simplified screening method that selectively detected the urease activity of 99.6% of 286 isolates of cryptococcus neoformans within 15 min was developed for use in clinical microbiology laboratories. | 1979 | 385622 |
| on the structure of the capsular polysaccharide from cryptococcus neoformans serotype c--ii. | | 1979 | 387576 |
| experimental cryptococcosis in normal and b-cell-deficient mice. | b-cell-deficient mice were prepared by administration of rabbit anti-mouse-mu antiserum to newborn animals within 12 h of birth onwards. such immunodeficient animals, along with the normal controls, were infected intravenously with cryptococcus neoformans. there was no difference in the mortality pattern, viable count of cryptococci in different organs, delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, and antigen level in the sera of control and b-cell-deficient animals. antibodies were absent in b-cell- ... | 1979 | 387600 |
| the efficacies of common dyes in primary isolation media for recovery of pathogenic fungi. | dyes incorporated into a basal medium of brain heart infusion, sabhi, tryptic soy, or yeast extract--pepton--glucose (yxpg) agar for selective isolation of fungi were investigated. dilutions of 1:500, 1:750, 1:1,000, 1:5,000, and 1:10,000 of 33 common dyes were tested against 11 gram-positive and 16 gram-negative bacteria. in addition, these dyes were tested against cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans, and the dimorphic phases of histoplasma capsulatum and blastomyces dermatitidis. twenty- ... | 1979 | 389033 |
| benign pulmonary cryptococcosis. | | 1979 | 389791 |
| merthiolate treatment of pathogenic fungi. | the action of merthiolate on the pathogenic yeasts blastomyces, dermatitidis, histoplasma capsulatum, and sporothrix schenckii was compared to the effect of treatment with formaldehyde. concentrations of 1:10,000 and 1:5,000 merthiolate for three exposure times (24, 48, and 72 h) at 4 and 25 degrees c were tested on three media (brain heart infusion with and without blood, and modified sabouraud agar). the effect of merthiolate on these three yeasts was primarily fungistatic, with maximum effect ... | 1979 | 389944 |
| host defense in cryptococcosis. iii. protection of nude mice by thymus transplantation. | congenitally athymic (nude) balb/c mice, which are homozygous for the nu gene, are extremely susceptible to challenge with cryptococcus neoformans. groups of nude mice received transplants of thymus tissue obtained from either heterozygous (nu/+) mice or normal balb/c mice not carrying the nu gene. survival and delayed-type hypersensitivity were measured after challenge with cryptococci. mice that received thymus tissue from a heterozygous (nu/+) or normal balb/c mouse donor had markedly prolong ... | 1979 | 390064 |
| cryptococcus neoformans and the epidemiology of cryptococcosis. | | 1979 | 391165 |
| [scanning electron microscope study on the formation of protoplasts in different types of yeast (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 391389 |
| cryptococcosis in a male beccari's crowned pigeon. | | 1979 | 391790 |
| immunization of mice with an avirulent pseudohyphal form of cryptococcus neoformans. | mice were immunized with a viable, avirulent strain of cryptococcus neoformans. lymphocyte blastogenic assays showed a 10-fold increase in reactivity of sensitized spleen cells, and histopathologic examination revealed marked splenic hyperplasia. thirty-two days after intravenous inoculation with a virulent strain of c. neoformans, none of the control animals survived whereas 60 percent of the immunized mice were alive with no clinical evidence of disease. this animal model shows that protective ... | 1979 | 394001 |
| cytochemical and biochemical identification of lysosomes in cryptococcus neoformans. | normaski optics, fluorescence and electron microscopy were employed to demonstrate the occurrence of lysosomes in capsulated, enztmatically decapsulated, and dewalled cells of a human isolate of cryptococcus neoformans. fluorescent studies, using acridine orange as a lysosomal indicator, revealed the presence of variously sized, spherical, reddish-orange fluorescing bodies. electron microscopy studies demonstrated the presence of acid phosphatase (ap), a lysosome marker enzyme, in single-membran ... | 1979 | 394002 |
| the isolation of histoplasma capsulatum, cryptococcus neoformans and blastomyces dermatitidis from the same natural site. | | 1979 | 394361 |
| cryptococcus neoformans: gastronomic delight of a soil ameba. | during 7 days of incubation in vitro the trophozoite stage of the free-living soil amoeba, acanthamoeba polyphaga, phagocytized and killed 78-97% of the cells of three strains of cryptococcus neoformans. with one strain, incubation time was increased to nine days and 99% of the yeast cells were killed. it was calculated that during 4-9 days of incubation a single trophozoite phagocytized and killed a daily average of 84 yeast cells. the lethal effect of a. polyphaga on c. neoformans may represen ... | 1979 | 394365 |
| gastrointestinal inoculation of cryptococcus neoformans in mice. | | 1979 | 394366 |
| further simplification of the guizotia abyssinica seed medium for identification of cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcus bacillispora. | a simplified guizotia abyssinica seed-based medium for presumptive diagnosis of cryptococcus neoformans and c. bacillispora (paliwal and randhawa 1978) was further simplified by replacing seed extract with pulverized seeds. this medium gives unambiguous results, avoids false-positive reactions with 13 other yeastlike organisms, and is simple and relatively inexpensive to prepare. | 1979 | 396018 |
| identification of species of candida, cryptococcus, and torulopsis by gas-liquid chromatography. | gas-liquid chromatography was used to identify species of candida, cryptococcus, and torulopsis by fatty-acid analysis of the whole-cell hydrolysate. candida albicans characteristically revealed 2-oh c14:0 and c19:0 (chain length:number of double bonds); these were absent in other organisms. candida curvata was characterized by a ratio of c16:1 to c16:0 of greater than 1.0. candida guilliermondii contained c10:0, and candida tropicalis had no c12:0, these features were used for their identificat ... | 1979 | 396339 |
| survey of cryptococcus neoformans in the respiratory tract of patients with bronchopulmonary disorders and in the air. | cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from 9 (1%) of 835 clinical specimens examined from the respiratory tract of patients. these isolations came from 3 (0.4%) of the760 patients; 8 isolates were from sputum and one from urine. the fungus was not demonstrable in the air at a selected site during a 2-year study although other species of cryptococcus, namely, c. albidus, c. ater, c. flavus, c. laurentii, c. magnus, c. terreus and c. uniguttulatus were isolated. the three c. neoformans positive pat ... | 1979 | 397620 |
| chemotaxigenesis and activation of the alternative complement pathway by encapsulated and non-encapsulated cryptococcus neoformans. | in the presence of serum, whole cells of encapsulated and non-encapsulated cryptococcus neoformans generated a chemotactic response by neutrophils. heat inactivation of serum ablated all chemotactic activity. cryptococcal polysaccharide was not chemotaxigenic. assays for alternative complement pathway activation such as depletion of alternative complement pathway factor b or electrophoretic conversion of factor b closely paralleled chemotaxis assays. cells of encapsulated and non-encapsulated c. ... | 1979 | 397927 |
| effect of different media on the synthesis of capsular material in cryptococcus neoformans. | | 1979 | 398448 |
| an unusual bacterium from a brain abscess. | | 1979 | 400099 |
| a case of cryptococcosis of the skin. | | 1978 | 400887 |
| interactions between human granulocytes and blastomyces dermatitidis. | we studied interactions in vitro between human granulocytes and the yeast-like form of blastomyces dermatitidis, because granulocytes are prominent in the host response to systemic blastomycosis. in boyden chamber assays, broth culture filtrates of b. dermatitidis contained levels of granulocyte chemotactic activity that were significantly higher than those present in similar culture filtrates of histoplasma capsulatum and cryptococcus neoformans, two fungi that characteristically do not elicit ... | 1979 | 422234 |
| comparison of microdilution and broth dilution techniques for the susceptibility testing of yeasts to 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin b. | microdilution and broth dilution techniques were compared for the susceptibility testing of 50 clinical yeast isolates to 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin b. good correlation between methods was obtained with all isolates except cryptococcus neoformans. | 1979 | 464576 |
| antifungal activity of tioconazole (uk-20,349), a new imidazole derivative. | tioconazole (uk-20,349), a new antifungal imidazole derivative, was compared with miconazole for activity in vitro against candida spp., torulopsis glabrata, cryptococcus neoformans, aspergillus spp., and dermatophyte fungi (trichophyton spp. and microsporum spp.). tioconazole was more active than miconazole against all the fungal species examined except aspergillus, against which both agents showed similar activity. both tioconazole and miconazole inhibited the growth of all fungi examined at c ... | 1979 | 464592 |
| experimental cryptococcal myocarditis. | rabbits and rats developed myocarditis on the 16th, 30th, and 60th day after intrarenal inoculation with cryptococcus neoformans. the cardiac lesions consist of focal necrosis with infiltrations of small round cells in the myocardium. cryptococcal antigens were demonstrated by a direct immunofluorescent antibody method in the damaged myocardial lesions. cryptococcus neoformans itself was found by periodic acid-schiff stain in the damaged myocardial lesions. | 1979 | 470105 |
| assimilation of protocatechuic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid as an aid to laboratory identification of candida parapsilosis and other medically important yeasts. | test for the ability of yeasts isolated from clinical specimens to utilize protocatechuic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid were carried out by using techniques that are commonly employed to test assimilation of carbon sources. a total of 60 isolates of candida parapsilosis and 5 isolates of candida humicola readily assimilated these two phenolic acids, whereas other candida species gave uniformly negative results. cryptococcus albidus, cryptococcus terreus, and some isolates of cryptococcus lauren ... | 1979 | 489723 |
| bovine mastitis due to prototheca zopfi. | a report is given of a case of bovine mastitis caused by the alga prototheca zopfi which was erroneously identified as the yeast cryptococcus neoformans. the resistance of protothecal mastitis to treatment with antibiotics commonly used in veterinary practice is briefly discussed. | 1979 | 509384 |
| prototheca stagnora, an encapsulated organism. | the type species of prototheca stagnora, sec-l-1690 (atcc 16528) (2) was found to have a large capsule surrounding the cells, in india ink preparations. cryptococcus neoformans and p. stagnora are very similar organisms in their morphology and they should be differentiated by their reproduction process or by their biochemical and physiological characteristics. | 1979 | 531714 |
| the emergence of candidosis. the dominant postmortem cerebral mycosis. | comparable human postmortem surveys in central kentucky and southern florida have demonstrated an altered pattern of cerebral mycoses due primarily to therapeutic manipulations. from both states 8,975 complete autopsies yielded 39 patients with histologically verified cerebral mycoses. the most common infection was candidosis (49%), characterized by intraparenchymal microabscesses without significant leptomeningitis in hospitalized patients compromised by antibiotic therapy for infection with gr ... | 1978 | 567939 |
| intravenous and intrathecal miconazole therapy for systemic mycoses. | ten patients with systemic mycoses, including five with fungal meningitis, were treated with intravenously or intrathecally administered miconazole, or both. minimal inhibitory concentrations of miconazole for clinical isolates of coccidioides immitis, cryptococcus neoformans and candida albicans were less than 0.6 microg per ml. except for pruritus of variable degrees, the drug was well tolerated both intravenously and intrathecally by all patients. no measurable impairment of renal, hepatic or ... | 1977 | 576177 |
| bacterial and fungal meningitis in adults: a 22-year survey in a large community hospital in israel. | the etiologic, bacteriological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of 95 cases of bacterial or fungal meningitis in adults seen in a large community hospital were reviewed. the study was limited to non-neurosurgical patients in whom positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures were obtained. overall mortality was 40%, with no appreciable change during the 22-year period. the most common causative organism was the pneumococcus, with a 45% mortality. there were no deaths among the patients with meningococc ... | 1977 | 598994 |
| fungal infections in the cancer patient. | fungal infections are increasing in frequency, especially among patients with haematological malignancies. the fungi which cause most of the infections in cancer patients are candida spp. and aspergillus spp. these fungi seldom infect individuals with normal host defence mechanisms. many factors predispose patients to fungal infection, including neutropenia, lymphopenia, gastro-intestinal ulceration, intravenous catheters and adrenal corticosteroid therapy. candida spp. cause 5 major types of in ... | 1977 | 607507 |
| [fulminating meningitis due to cryptococcus neoformans]. | | 1977 | 608650 |
| comparison of the in vitro antifungal activities of miconazole and a new imidazole, r41,400. | r41,400 is a recently synthesized, water-soluble imidazole. its antifungal properties were compared in vitro with those of miconazole using an agar dilution procedure and 175 isolates of human fungal pathogens. the filamentous forms of histoplasma capsulatum and blastomyces dermatitidis were inhibited by less than or equal to 2 microgram of either drug/ml; coccidioides immitis was inhibited by less than or equal to 0.5 microgram of r41,400/ml. among the yeasts tested, cryptococcus neoformans and ... | 1978 | 681800 |
| cyclophosphamide effects on murine cryptococcosis. | balb/c mice were given cyclophosphamide and challenged with cryptococcus neoformans. delayed-type hypersensitivity was transiently depressed, and survival was either unaffected or shortened by cyclophosphamide. | 1978 | 689741 |
| combined activity of minocycline and amphotericin b in vitro against medically important yeasts. | the capacity of minocycline to enhance the activity of amphotericin b against candida albicans, torulopsis glabrata, cryptococcus neoformans, and non-albicans candida was examined in vitro utilizing a time-killing curve technique. synergism was apparent at 4 h with 5 of 5 strains of c. albicans, 8 of 8 strains of c. neoformans, and 1 of 12 strains of non-albicans candida. synergism was apparent at 24 h with the remaining 11 strains of non-albicans candida and all 5 strains of t. glabrata. c. neo ... | 1978 | 708025 |
| [characteristics of cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated from natural reservoirs]. | | 1975 | 765646 |
| a new genus, filobasidiella, the perfect state of cryptococcus neoformans. | | 1975 | 765816 |
| in vitro and in vivo activity of 2,4-diamino-6-(2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetamido) quinazoline against cryptococcus neoformans. | the minimum inhibitory concentration of quinazoline derivative was determined by the tube dilution method for cryptococcus neoformans, strain 184. the effect of this chemical agent on macromolecular metabolism indicated an inhibition of incorporations of labeled precursors into rna and protein of c. neoformans. a mouse model infection with c. neoformans was established. following this, the animals were given ip or oral doses of different concentrations of the experimental drug. infected mice res ... | 1976 | 766014 |
| letter: c neoformans in the cat. | | 1976 | 769292 |
| identification of mycolutein and pulvomycin as aureothin and labilomycin respectively. | two antibiotics isolated from a culture ma-2465 were identified as aureothin and labilomycin, the chemical structures of which had been reported previously. it was also concluded that mycolutein and pulvomycin isolated as antibiotics in 1955 and 1957 respectively are also identical with aureothin and labilomycin. a cursory study of ma-2465 indicates that it is distinctly different from the culture which was first observed to produce labilomycin and is probably different from the organism first n ... | 1976 | 770405 |
| ultrastructure of septal complex in filobasidiella neoformans (cryptococcus neoformans). | electron microscopy of filobasidiella neoformans, the perfect state of cryptococcus neoformans, revealed basidiomycete doliporesepta between hyphal cells and also between clamp connections and adjacent cells. the pore-occluding material was a heterogeneous flattened plate with dark margins and a lighter center, as seen in the species of filobasidium. representative basidiomycete parenthesomes were lacking, and endoplasmic reticulum was seen in the dolipore region. | 1976 | 770437 |
| multiple lymphonodular cryptococcosis, cured by 5-fluorocytosine. | a 5-year-old boy was admitted with an acute febrile illness and painful and enlarged cervical lymph nodes. a chest x-ray showed right tracheobronchial lymph nodes. a lymph node biopsy demonstrated a tuberculoid appearance, with epitheloid cells, giant cells, and also necrotic zones. cryptococcus neoformans was isolated both in culture and after animal inoculation. while amphotericin b was not tolerated by the patient, the oral administration of 5-fluorocytosine resulted in a rapid recovery. | 1976 | 772795 |
| cryptococcus neoformans of saprophytic origin. | cryptococcus neoformans was isolated on 276 occasions as follows: from pigeon faeces, 159 (45%) of 349 samples; pigeon crops, 39 (50%) of 80 crops; from drinking water, 37 (74%) of 50 samples; from the atmosphere, 3 strains in a contaminated loft. it was also recovered from 38 (19%) of 200 samples of canary faeces. it is possible that c. neoformans survives in the crop of pigeons and occasionally passes to the faeces where it multiplies. the factors influencing its presence are: the irregular cl ... | 1975 | 772838 |
| the relative susceptibility of new zealand black and cba mice to infection with opportunistic fungal pathogens. | the susceptibility of ageing new zealand black (nzb) mice to infection with a number of opportunistic fungi and yeasts wsd compared with that of similarly aged mice of the cba strain. the nzb mice showed a greater susceptibility to lethal infection with aspergillus fumigatus, candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans than did those of the cba strain. both mouse strains showed similar susceptibility to lethal infection by allescheria boydii, absidia corymbifera, mucor pusillus and rhizopus ory ... | 1976 | 772839 |
| recovery of yeast from vented blood culture bottles. | rates of isolation of yeasts from blood cultures were significantly enhanced by venting vacuum blood culture bottles in studies of both stimulated and patients' blood cultures; however, the time interval to detection of positivity of yeasts in the clinical studies was significantly (p less than 0.01) shorter in a vented bottle with biphasic brain heart infusion medium than in a vented bottle with soybean-casein digest broth. the mean time intervals to detection of positivity were 2.6 days in the ... | 1975 | 773954 |
| possibility of diagnosing meningitis by gas chromatography: cryptococcal meningitis. | cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from eight patients with cryptococcal meningitis, from ten patients with viral meningitis, and from four control patients without meningitis were analyzed by electron-capture gas-liquid chromatography (ec-glc). all cryptococcal specimens had similar ec-glc profiles, and these differed from those of the controls. viral ec-glc patterns were different from those obtained with specimens from the patients with cryptococcal infection and from the controls. in addition, specim ... | 1976 | 773956 |
| effect of cetylpyridinium chloride on pathogenic fungi and nocardia asteroides in sputum. | the effect of cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc) on pathogenic fungi and nocardia asteroides was studied. sputa seeded with each of 11 organisms (aspergillus flavus; aspergillus fumigatus, blastomyces dermatitidis, candida albicans, coccidioides immitis, cryptococcus neoformans, geotrichum candidum, histoplasma capsulatum; nocardia asteroides, paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and sporothrix schenckii) were treated with cpc and kept for 2, 5 and 9 days. the cpc reagent used (0.5% cpc and 0.5% sodium ch ... | 1976 | 773957 |
| cryptococcal infection of the ilium. | | 1976 | 775195 |
| [cryptococcus neoformans in the guano of the pigeons]. | | 1975 | 776103 |
| factors affecting the frequency infection in renal transplant recipients. | a retrospective review of 149 patients receiving 162 renal transplants showed that 83% of these patients developed one or more infections during a follow-up period averaging one year. in 32 (73%) of 44 deaths, infection was an important contributing cause. in only four (9%) of the deaths were the patients free of infection at the time of death. the klebsiella-enterobacter group was the most common agent causing pneumonitis and sepsis. cryptococcus neoformans caused seven of 11 cases of meningiti ... | 1976 | 776110 |
| localized cryptococcal osteomyelitis. | cryptococcal infection of the skeletal system alone is rare. the authors report a case of osteomyelitis caused by cryptococcus neoformans involving the distal humerus and skull, with roentgenographic and scintigraphic findings and pathological confirmation. | 1976 | 778906 |
| immunization of mice with a mutant of cryptococcus neoformans. characterization of the mutant, actively acquired resistance to experimental cryptococcosis in mice. | in 69% of subdermally and 50% of subcutaneously immunized mice, immunity against cryptococcus neoformans was obtained. the vaccine consisted of a gamma-irradiated mutant, which grew well at 5 degree c and at room temperature. many subcultures and animal passages did not restore this mutant to the encapsulated, pathogenic wild type. | 1976 | 780165 |
| inhibition of phagocytosis by cryptococcal polysaccharide: dissociation of the attachment and ingestion phases of phagocytosis. | the effects of cryptococcal polysaccharide and selected serum factors on (i) the attachment of cryptococcus neoformans to macrophages and (ii) the subsequent ingestion of yeast cells by the macrophages were investigated. percent attachment was measured after incubation of yeast cells with macrophages at 4 c. percent engulfment was determined after incubation of yeast cells and macrophages at 37 c. nonencapsulated yeast cells readily attached to macrophages at the low temperature and were engulfe ... | 1976 | 780279 |
| opportunistic fungal infections with particular reference of candida albicans. | | 1976 | 785252 |
| vaccine and mycostatin in treatment of cryptococcosis of the respiratory tract. | three cases of respiratory crytococcosis are described, one diagnosed only after thoracotomy and two after cytology. all were confirmed by cultures, biological and biochemical tests. the patients are alive and well 14 years, 5 years, and 5 years after treatment with crytococcal vaccines and mycostatin. vaccines proved very effective when given intradermally in small doses and no dangerous reactions were encountered. cytology of the sputum appears to be a very useful tool in diagnosis of fungal i ... | 1976 | 785628 |
| nature of the effector cells responsible for antibody-dependent cell-mediated killing of cryptococcus neoformans. | studies were performed to identify the types of human peripheral blood leukocytes capable of killing cryptococcus neoformans in the presence of anticryptococcal antibody in vitro. a total of 24.1 +/- 2.7% (mean +/- standard error of the mean of four experiments) of the original cryptococcal inoculum survived in a mixed mononuclear, cell preparation (approximately 30% monocytes) after 4 h of incubation at 37 degrees c with rabbit anticryptococcal antibody. when phagocytic cells were removed, ther ... | 1976 | 786891 |
| caffeic acid-containing medium for identification of cryptococcus neoformans. | a new growth medium containing caffeic acid and ferric citrate is described. the pigment produced on this medium is specific for the identification of cryptococcus neoformans and differentiates it from other cryptococci. the medium is more easily compounded and requires less time for pigment formation than the conventional guizotia extract media. the medium is stable in the dry form as well as in the prepared form. | 1976 | 786998 |
| six-hour pigmentation test for the identification of cryptococcus neoformans. | cryptococcus neoformans colonies can be identified within 6 h using paper disks containing caffeic acid and ferric citrate. indentification is based on the development of a dark brown pigment. saprophytic cryptococcus species and common clinically isolated yeasts do not develop the brown color. the concentration of the reagents and the method of storage of the impregnated paper disks are critical for the rapid and specific development of the pigment. | 1976 | 787003 |
| prevalence of cryptococcus neoformans in avian excreta in india. | | 1976 | 787783 |
| new isolation of cryptococcus neoformans (sanfelice) vuillemin from soil in israel. | | 1976 | 787784 |
| an ultrastructural analysis of protoplast-spheroplast induction in cryptococcus neoformans. | protoplasts-spheroplasts of a human isolate of cryptococcus neoformans were prepared using the gut enzyme of helix pomatia. the induction process, as studied by transmission electron microscopy, occurred in two stages. early in the induction process, protoplasts-spheroplasts emerged from whole cells through a break in the cell wall-capsule envelope. later, a gradual dissolution of the entire cell wall occurred releasing the intact protoplast-spheroplast. a comparison of protoplasts-spheroplasts ... | 1976 | 788868 |
| light microscopy of basidia, basidiospores, and nuclei in spores and hyphae of filobasidiella neoformans (cryptococcus neoformans). | three hypha-forming strains of cryptococcus neoformans were induced to form basidia and basidiospores. light microscopy showed that basidia formed at the ends of terminal hyphal cells and were able to produce from a few to many basidiospores. the morphology of the sexual structures indicated that these strains belonged to the recently described perfect state of c. neoformans, filobasidiella neoformans. the average dimensions of the basidiospores were 1.9 mum in width by 2.7 mum in length. giemsa ... | 1976 | 789347 |
| effect of culture media on the antifungal activity of miconazole and amphotericin b methyl ester. | the capacity of four culture media to obfuscate the antifungal activity of miconazole and amphotericin b methyl ester was evaluated qualitatively by examination of five isolates each of candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, torulopsis glabrata, and cryptococcus neoformans, and quantitatively by determination of the absolute minimal inhibitory concentrations for a strain of c. albicans. miconazole, like the predecessor imidazole (clotrimazole), was antagonized by two complex ... | 1976 | 789787 |
| morphogenesis of filobasidiella neoformans, the sexual state of cryptococcus neoformans. | | 1976 | 790172 |
| a new species of filobasidiella, the sexual state of cryptococcus neoformans b and c serotypes. | | 1976 | 790173 |
| new medium for in vitro susceptibility studies with amphotericin b. | antibiotic medium 20 fda and antibiotic medium 3 fda were compared to determine if antibiotic medium 3 would be suitable for in vitro susceptibility testing with amphotericin b. | 1976 | 791112 |
| amphotericin b and amphotericin b methyl ester ascorbate. i. chemotherapeutic activity against candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans, and blastomyces dermatitidis in mice. | amphotericin b methyl ester (ame) has been reported to possess in vitro antifungal activity similar to that of amphotericin b and to have less intrinsic toxicity in mice and dogs. for these reasons ame has been porposed as an alternative to amphotericin b in the therapy of deep mycoses. for comparison of the therapeutic efficacy of the two polyenes in laboratory animals before initiation of studies in humans, groups of mice were infected with candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans, and blasto ... | 1976 | 792355 |
| diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis. | in a patient with progressive neurological deterioration, multiple lumbar csf studies and extensive serological testing failed to demonstrate cryptococcal infection, while a single cisternal puncture produced viable cryptococcal organisms. | 1976 | 792479 |
| caprine mastitis due to cryptococcus neoformans. | the isolation of cryptococcus neoformans from milk and its demonstration by direct microscopy has been reported in a case of caprine mastitis. this is believed to be the first instance of caprine mastitis in which c. neoformans has been implicated as the etiologic agent. | 1976 | 793054 |
| cryptococcus neoformans in the crops of pigeons following its experimental administration. | cryptococcus neoformans (5 x 10(6) yeast cells) was given per os to 10 pigeons (columba livia) proved to be free (crops and excreta) of c. neoformans prior to experimentation. the yeast was recovered from the droppings of 9 pigeons the day after ingestion but was still present in the droppings of 1 pigeon on the 22nd day after ingestion. the crop was much more constantly positive than the droppings and for a much longer time since positive in 9 pigeons on the first day it was still positive in 2 ... | 1976 | 793055 |
| [cryptococcosis in a cat in austria]. | | 1976 | 793809 |