| development of monoclonal mouse antibodies specific for allergenic components in ryegrass (lolium perenne) pollen. | the development of monoclonal mouse antibodies against ryegrass (lolium perenne) pollen allergens is described. hybridoma colonies secreting antibodies specific for allergenic components were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. positive colonies were cloned and expanded. the pollen components with which the monoclonal antibodies interact were identified and characterised following sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electrophoretic transfer to nitrocel ... | 1983 | 6618685 |
| alkaloids in ergot found on different gramineae in the netherlands. | the alkaloid content and the composition of the alkaloid complex of thirteen samples of ergot sclerotia from different gramineous host species collected in the netherlands were investigated. two samples collected in france were also examined. ergot of glyceria fluitans (l.) r.br. did not contain alkaloids. the total alkaloid content of ergot found on the other wild grasses was more than 0.2%. the ratio between the contents of water soluble and water insoluble alkaloids of the investigated ergot ... | 1983 | 6646990 |
| [chemical and immunologic study of pollen from the gramineous plant lolium perenne]. | in order to study the chemical composition and immunologic reactivity of an extract of rye grass pollen (rgp), aliquots of this antigen were passed through sephadex g-50 and deae-cellulose ion-exchange columns. this method yielded 7 proteins and 10 sugars, whose quantities were determined by absorbance in a lkb uvicrd spectrophotometer at 280 nm and 470 nm respectively. protein contents were also recorded by the lowry method and the micro-kjehldal technique. adult albino rabbits were immunized w ... | 1983 | 6660173 |
| the role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of lotus pedunculatus for sheep. 2. quantitative digestion of carbohydrates and proteins. | primary growth vegetative lotus pedunculatus containing 46 and 106 g/kg dry matter (dm) of total condensed tannin and 3 and 14 g/kg dm of free condensed tannin, was cut and fed fresh at hourly intervals (750 g dm/d) to sheep fitted with permanent cannulas into the rumen and duodenum. low- and high-tannin lotus contained respectively 41.3 and 31.6 g total nitrogen/kg dm and 132 and 152 g lignin/kg dm. the two forms of lotus were similar in carbohydrate composition. nutrient intake was recorded an ... | 1984 | 6722090 |
| inhibition of murine reaginic antibody responses by nasal immunotherapy with modified allergen. | optimal conditions were established for induction of reaginic antibodies to lolium perenne pollen allergens in mice by intranasal dosing of allergens with bordetella pertussis vaccine. this antibody response could be inhibited by pretreatment of the mice by nasal administration of 100 microgram of glutaraldehyde-modified l. perenne allergens 9 times in 3 weeks before priming, whereas native allergens, in doses of 5 microgram, did not inhibit an ige response to subsequent priming. it was not poss ... | 1980 | 6769824 |
| effect of intravenous supplements of l-methionine on milk yield and composition in cows given silage-cereal diets. | eight cows in mid lactation and receiving a diet of perennial ryegrass silage and barley (70:30 on a dm basis) were given intravenous supplements of l-methionine (8 g/d). the methionine treatment had no significant effect on milk yield, protein content or lactose content, but increased milk fat content and yield by approximately 10% (p less than 0.05). | 1982 | 6804549 |
| iodine metabolism and thyroid hormone relationships in growing sheep fed on kale (brassica oleracea) and ryegrass (lolium perenne)-clover (trifolium repens) fresh-forage diets. | | 1983 | 6830751 |
| preferential expression of cd30 by human cd4+ t cells producing th2-type cytokines. | a large panel of human cd4+ t helper (th) cell clones with established th1, th2, or th0 profiles of cytokine secretion were examined for the expression of cd30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. th1 clones expressed poor or no cd30 mrna, and showed low or undetectable expression of both membrane and soluble cd30 (scd30) protein, whereas th2 clones showed both cd30 mrna and membrane cd30 and released substantial amounts of scd30. th0 clones exhibited an intermediate patt ... | 1995 | 7821763 |
| immunochemical characterization of a high molecular weight basic allergen (hmba) of rye grass (lolium perenne) pollen. | a high molecular weight basic allergen (hmba) was isolated from the mixture of non-dialysable components of the aqueous extract of defatted rye grass pollen by a combination of gel filtration and isoelectrofocusing, hmba, a glycoprotein of mol. wt 56,800 (17% carbohydrate) contained all naturally occurring amino acids. a hyperimmune rabbit anti-hmba serum gave only a single precipitin band with the crude extract of the rye grass pollen in crossed immunoelectrophoresis. thus, it was concluded tha ... | 1983 | 6865958 |
| standardization of allergen extracts by inhibition of rast, skin test, and chemical composition. | five allergen extracts of dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, lolium perenne, alternaria tenuis, aspergillus fumigatus and cladosporium herbarum, obtained from four different manufacturers, were examined by inhibition of rast, content of protein and carbohydrate, contents of phosphorylcholine (pc) and tridacnin reactive components, and by skin test. inhibition of rast was used as a primary method for establishing allergenic potency and demonstrated wide variations for each preparation supplied by th ... | 1980 | 7004662 |
| motility of the reticulum and rumen of sheep given juice-extracted pasture. | 1. sheep were fed on different diets of juice-extracted herbage to determine what effect juice-extraction had on reticulo-rumen motility. 2. the frequency of a and b sequences of contraction of the reticulo-rumen were recorded during eating, rumination and inactivity for continuous periods of 24-72 h by using integrated electromyograms obtained from electrodes implanted in the musculature of the reticulum and cranial dorsal rumen. 3. animals were fed on herbage in which approximately 200 g/kg dr ... | 1982 | 7059570 |
| protein metabolism in growing lambs given fresh ryegrass (lolium perenne)--clover (trifolium repens) pasture ad lib. 2. endocrine changes, glucose production, and their relationship to protein deposition and the partition of absorbed nutrients. | 1. glucose metabolism and changes in the concentrations of several hormones in jugular plasma were measured in growing lambs fed on fresh pasture ad lib. one group of lambs acted as control while the second received a continuous abomasal infusion supplying 44 g sodium caseinate+0.5 g l-methionine/d. 2. hormone concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay procedures and glucose irreversible loss measured from continuous infusion of d-[u-14c]glucose. 3. protein infusion increased plasma conc ... | 1982 | 7066291 |
| nuclear changes induced by the nematodes xiphinema diversicaudatum and longidorus elongatus in root-tips of perennial ryegrass, lolium perenne. | the dna content and size of individual nuclei from galls of perennial ryegrass root-tips induced by x. diversicaudatum and l. elongatus were measured. feeding by x. diversicaudatum increased the dna content of the nuclei by varying amounts. no regular doubling pattern of the dna content was discernible. the dna values varied up to between 32-64c. generally the size of the nuclei was not increased, although some were larger than control nuclei. the modified nuclei probably have an altered metabol ... | 1982 | 7129956 |
| the digestion by cattle of grass silage made with formic acid and formic acid-formaldehyde. | 1. a primary growth crop of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l., cv. s23) was partially wilted and ensiled after the application of either formic acid-water (1:3, w/v; 7.11 l/t fresh herbage; control diet c) or formic acid-formaldehyde (1:1, w/w; 8.8 l/t fresh herbage; formaldehyde treated diet f) which supplied 50 g hcho/kg crude protein (nitrogen (n) x 6.25). the two silages were fed separately and a third diet comprising formaldehyde-treated silage, supplemented with urea (20 g/kg dry matte ... | 1981 | 7260029 |
| protein metabolism in growing lambs fed on fresh ryegrass (lolium perenne) -clover (trifolium repens) pasture ad lib. 1. protein and energy deposition in response to abomasal infusion of casein and methionine. | | 1981 | 7317346 |
| the nutritive value of silages. digestion of nitrogenous constituents in sheep receiving diets of grass silage and grass silage and barley. | 1. two experiments were conducted to study the digestion of nitrogenous constituents in the rumen, small intestine and caecum and colon of sheep given diets of grass silage or grass silage and barley. three silages were used. one was made from first-harvest grass in the spring and the other from regrowth grass cut in either early autumn or late autumn. all were of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) and were preserved with formic acid. 2. expt 1 involved a comparison between the spring silage g ... | 1980 | 7417392 |
| molecular basis of cross-reactivity among allergen-specific human t cells: t-cell receptor v alpha gene usage and epitope structure. | cross-reactivities between the major grass pollen allergens, at the level of t-cell recognition was examined employing several lolium perenne i (lol p i)-specific human t-cell clones. nine of these lol p i-specific t-cell clones exhibited cross-recognition of the recombinant poa pratensis ix (poa p ix) allergen, rkbg7.2, indicating that these two major antigens of a grass pollen share t-cell epitopes. furthermore, proliferative responses of two other t-cell clones demonstrated that individual al ... | 1994 | 7510663 |
| [identification of allergens in 5 grasses using crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (crie)]. | using crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis ( crie ) aqueous extracts from pollen of phleum pratense , lolium perenne, poa pratensis , festuca pratensis and alopecurus pratensis were investigated for allergen composition. we detected between 24 and 32 antigens. employing sera from 11 patients with well established hay fever, ige binding could be demonstrated in 15 out of 28 antigens in phleum pratense , 13 out of 32 in lolium perenne, 14 out of 26 in poa pratensis , 12 out of 24 festuca pratensis a ... | 1984 | 6233859 |
| the nutritive value of silages. digestion of organic matter, gross energy and carbohydrate constituents in the rumen and intestines of sheep receiving diets of grass silage or grass silage and barley. | 1. two experiments were conducted to study the digestion of organic matter, gross energy and carbohydrate constituents in the rumen, small intestine and caecum and colon of sheep given grass silage diets. three silages made from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) with formic acid as an additive were used. one was made from first-harvest grass in the spring and the others from regrowth grass cut from a single sward in either early autumn or late autumn. expt 1 involved a comparison between the s ... | 1980 | 6251860 |
| recognition of t cell epitopes and lymphokine secretion by rye grass allergen lolium perenne i-specific human t cell clones. | t cell lines (tcl) and cd4+ t cell clones (tcc) with specificity for the rye grass allergen lolium perenne (lol p) i were isolated from the blood of nine donors, six having active atopic disease, two being in remission, and one having ige anti-lol pi abs but not atopic disease. the t cell epitopes of lol pi were determined by tcls and tccs reactivity with 23 overlapping, 20 amino acid-long peptides spanning the entire length of the 230 amino acid-long allergen. in addition, the th subsets (th1, ... | 1994 | 7512603 |
| analysis of endophyte toxins: fescue and other grasses toxic to livestock. | research on livestock toxicoses caused by acremonium (endophyte)-infected grasses strongly implicate the ergopeptine alkaloids with a. coenophialum-infected fescue and paxilline and the lolitrem alkaloids with a. lolii-infected perennial ryegrass as the causative agents. isolation, identification, and detection of these toxins involves extraction with appropriate solvents, clean-up procedures, and chromatographic methods with known standards. thin-layer, high-performance liquid and gas chromatog ... | 1995 | 7608022 |
| acremonium in fescue and ryegrass: boon or bane? a review. | acremonium coenophialum morgan-jones and gams, an endophytic fungus commonly found in tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.), has been identified as the cause of poor performance of beef cattle and horses on tall fescue. ryegrass staggers, a neurological disorder of sheep, has been linked to the presence of a similar fungus, a. lolii latch, christensen and samuels, in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.). renovation of endophyte-infected (e+) pastures with endophyte-free (e-) cultivars of t ... | 1995 | 7608023 |
| endogenous toxins and mycotoxins in forage grasses and their effects on livestock. | plant toxins are the chemical defenses of plants against herbivory. grasses have relatively few intrinsic toxins, relying more on growth habit to survive defoliation and endophytic fungal toxins as chemical defenses. forage grasses that contain intrinsic toxins include phalaris spp. (tryptamine and carboline alkaloids), sorghums (cyanogenic glycosides), and tropical grasses containing oxalates and saponins. toxic effects of these grasses include neurological damage (phalaris staggers), hypoxia ( ... | 1995 | 7608026 |
| a clearing technique for detecting the fungal endophyte acremonium sp. in grasses. | leaf tissue of tall fescue festuca arundinacea schreb., hard fescue festuca ovina l., red fescue festuca rubra l. and perennial ryegrass lolium perenne l. was stained with rose bengal or aniline blue to detect the presence of the fungal endophyte acremonium sp.. specimens were cleared using methyl salicylate, an optical clearing agent, and viewed using bright field microscopy. tissue was preserved as dried tissue or stored in 70% aqueous ethyl alcohol before staining and clearing. tissue was obs ... | 1993 | 7684264 |
| biological activity of monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody representing the internal image of the major allergenic component of lolium perenne pollen. | upon immunization with an anti-lol p i (major allergenic component of lolium perenne pollen) monoclonal antibody, we have previously produced anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody (a7h2) displaying some internal image properties. the present study was designated to evaluate the capacity of this anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody to mimic functionally the antigen by triggering histamine release from basophils of patients allergic to lol p i. anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody, as the antigen, could ... | 1993 | 7691293 |
| cloning, expression, and immunological characterization of recombinant lolium perenne allergen lol p ii. | the molecular cloning of the cdna encoding for an isoallergenic form of lol p ii, a major rye grass (lolium perenne) pollen allergen, was performed by polymerase chain reaction amplification on mrna extracted from pollen. the amino acid sequence derived from the cdna was truncated by 4 and 5 residues at the nh2- and cooh-terminal ends, respectively, and differed only in one position from that previously reported. this cdna was expressed in escherichia coli by fusion to the carboxyl terminus of t ... | 1993 | 7691817 |
| cdna cloning of a major allergen from timothy grass (phleum pratense) pollen; characterization of the recombinant phl pv allergen. | we isolated a cdna encoding a major grass pollen allergen from a timothy grass (phleum pratense) pollen expression cdna library using allergic patients' ige. the complete cdna encoded an allergen that binds ige from about 80% of grass pollen-allergic patients. significant sequence homology was found to other major grass pollen allergens from kentucky bluegrass (poa pratense) as well as from rye grass (lolium perenne) which originally were believed to form different identities. using different mo ... | 1993 | 7691956 |
| regulation of levels of serum antibodies to ryegrass pollen allergen lol piv by an internal image anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody. | a murine monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-id), designated b1/1, was produced against an idiotope of a murine antibody (mab91), which recognizes the epitope, site a, of allergen lol piv, one of the major groups of allergens in ryegrass (lolium perenne) pollen. the ability of b1/1 to modulate the antibody responses to lol piv was investigated in murine model systems. in the first system, b1/1-keyhole limpet haemocyanin (klh) conjugate was administered to treat three different strains of mi ... | 1995 | 7751014 |
| recombinant allergen lol p ii: expression, purification and characterization. | pollen from perennial rye grass (lolium perenne) is a major cause of type i allergies worldwide. it contains complex mixtures of proteins, among which lol p ii is a major allergen. previously, we have reported the cloning and sequencing of lol p ii and its expression in fusion with the heavy chain of human ferritin as carrier polypeptide (sidoli et al., 1993, j. biol. chem. 268, 21819-21825). here, we describe the expression, purification and characterization of a recombinant lol p ii overproduc ... | 1995 | 7783753 |
| a mutualistic fungal symbiont of perennial ryegrass contains two different pyr4 genes, both expressing orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase. | a fragment of the claviceps purpurea pyr4 gene, encoding orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (omp decarboxylase), was used to screen a genomic library from an isolate of a fungus, acremonium sp. (designated lp1), which grows as an endophyte in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne). three positive clones, lambda mc11, lambda mc12 and lambda mc14, were isolated. two of these clones, lambda mc12 and lambda mc14, were overlapping clones from the same locus, while lambda mc11 was from a different ... | 1995 | 7789808 |
| in vitro synthesis of il-4 by human cd4+ t cells requires repeated antigenic stimulation. | although th2 helper cell clones produce il-4 and il-5, cd4+ t cells taken fresh from lymphoid organs of mice produce il-2 and some ifn-gamma, but not il-4 or il-5. the exact parameters that enhance the synthesis of il-4, il-5, and particularly il-10 from resting antigen-specific cd4+ t cells is not yet clear. we therefore examined the kinetics of, and the parameters that affect, the development of il-4, il-5, and il-10 production in bulk populations of antigen-specific human cd4+ t cells. we dem ... | 1993 | 7902215 |
| analysis of human t cell clones reactive with group v grass pollen allergens. | twenty-seven t cell clones (tcc) reactive with group v allergens of phleum pratense (phlp v) were established from the peripheral blood of 3 patients allergic to grass pollen. twenty-four tcc showed the helper cell phenotype cd3+, cd4+, cd8-; the remaining clones were cd3+cd4-cd8+. t cell recognition of phlp v was exclusively hla-dr restricted. many of the phlp v reactive tcc (19 of 27; 70%) were stimulated additionally by other group v allergens isolated from lolium perenne, poa pratensis, and ... | 1994 | 7981611 |
| origin of a fungal symbiont of perennial ryegrass by interspecific hybridization of a mutualist with the ryegrass choke pathogen, epichloë typhina. | seed-borne fungal symbionts (endophytes) provide many cool-season grass species with biological protection from biotic and abiotic stresses. the endophytes are asexual, whereas closely related sexual species of genus epichloë (clavicipitales) cause grass choke disease. perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) is a host of two endophyte taxa, lptg-1 (l. perenne endophyte taxonomic grouping one = acremonium lolii) and lptg-2, as well as the choke pathogen, epichloë typhina (represented by isolate e8). ... | 1994 | 8013907 |
| grass immunotherapy induces inhibition of allergen-specific human peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation. | the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from humans allergic to grass pollens (gr+ subjects) show strong in vitro proliferative responses to purified allergens from lolium perenne pollen lol p 1, and to a lesser extent to lol p 2 and lol p 3. by contrast, pbmc from grass allergic patients undergoing immunotherapy (gr + it subjects) exhibit a very poor lol p-specific proliferative response, similar to that observed in nongrass allergic subjects (gr-subjects). unlike gr-subjects, both gr+ an ... | 1997 | 9030100 |
| nucleotide sequence of cdna encoding the group ii allergen of cocksfoot/orchard grass (dactylis glomerata), dac g ii. | cocksfoot/orchard grass (dactylis glomerata) anther cdna clones encoding the group ii allergen dac g ii were previously isolated on the basis of immunoreactivity of human, rabbit, and murine antibodies with a 24-kda protein expressed as a fusion protein with beta-galactosidase. nucleotide sequencing reveals an open reading frame predicting expression of a 98-amino-acid (11-kda) polypeptide exhibiting > 90% homology with the group ii allergen of lolium perenne, lol p ii. in vitro translation of d ... | 1993 | 8116860 |
| mean retention time in digestive tract and digestion of fresh perennial ryegrass by lactating dairy cows: influence of grass maturity and comparison with a maize silage diet. | the effects of grass maturity on the mean retention time of liquid and particles, digestibility and duodenal nutrient flows were measured by feeding second cuts of perennial ryegrass to 3 fistulated lactating dairy cows over 2 successive periods (late june and mid-july, 28 and 49 d regrowth, respectively). fresh forage was given ad libitum with 12% (dry matter (dm) basis) concentrate. the increase in maturity lowered grass nitrogen content, organic matter (om) digestibility and non-ammoniacal ni ... | 1994 | 8129846 |
| prevalence of patent and latent atopy among a general normal adult population in the south east of france by rast investigation and correlation with circulating total ige levels. | a population of 512 adults (men: 266, 52%, women: 246, 48%) with mean age 41.4 years (s.d. 10.7) was investigated. this population was subdivided into five groups: marseilles city, manosque a small town in a prealpine area, the area surrounding the etang de berre, a rural area in northern bouches du rhône and chateaurenard, a small town in an intensive agricultural area. rasts to a panel of eight allergens (lolium perenne, parietaria officinalis, cupressus sempervirens, olea europea, cat dander, ... | 1993 | 8160568 |
| changes in total and individual proteins during drying, ensiling, and ruminal fermentation of forages. | effects of wilting, drying, and ensiling on concentrations of proteins in alfalfa, crown vetch, perennial ryegrass, orchardgrass, and tall fescue were studied using sds-page. seven to nine proteins were identified in the samples. wilting forages for 24 h on a laboratory bench had little effect on the relative amounts of proteins. drying forage (on a laboratory bench) for 5 d resulted in a 25 to 30% loss in electrophoretically identified proteins. a 45-kda protein was more susceptible to hydrolys ... | 1994 | 8182173 |
| effects of partial replacement of ryegrass by low protein feeds on rumen fermentation and nitrogen loss by dairy cows. | three rumen fermentation studies in combination with three feeding trials were carried out to investigate the effect of partial replacement of heavily fertilized perennial ryegrass by low protein feedstuffs on ph and concentrations of vfa and nh3 n in the rumen and on n excretion in milk, urine, and feces by dairy cows. feedstuffs tested were high fiber concentrate mixtures based on sugar beet pulp and soybean hulls and high starch concentrate mixtures based on corn (experiments 1 and 2), corn s ... | 1993 | 8227624 |
| in situ dry matter, protein, and fiber degradation of perennial forages. | eight forages (alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, red clover, bromegrass, orchardgrass, perennial ryegrass, quackgrass, and timothy) at three maturities were evaluated for ruminal dm, cp, and ndf degradation kinetics. duplicate dacron bags were incubated for 0, 3, 6, 10, 13, 25, 48, and 72 h in two late lactation holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulas over eight experimental periods. species and maturity effects were observed for soluble, slow, and undegraded fractions; degradation rate; and rumina ... | 1993 | 8227665 |
| transmethylation reactions in human basophils induced by anti-ige or specific antigen. | the activation of methyl transferases in the membrane of human basophilic leukocytes was measured by incorporation of 3h-methyl groups into phospholipids. basophils of healthy individuals were activated by anti-ige, those of pollen allergic patients by the specific antigen, lolium perenne extract. basophil-rich fraction was obtained from peripheral blood by centrifugation in a gradient of ficoll/metrizamide (g = 1.085). after incubation with anti-ige an increase in the 3h-methyl incorporation wa ... | 1984 | 6199310 |
| molecular characterization of phl p ii, a major timothy grass (phleum pratense) pollen allergen. | grass pollen allergens belong to the most important and widespread elicitors of pollen allergy. using serum ige from a grass pollen allergic patient, a complete cdna encoding a group ii allergen was isolated from a timothy grass (phleum pratense) pollen expression library. the deduced amino acid sequence of the phl p ii allergen shows an average sequence identity of 61% with the protein sequences determined for group ii/iii allergens from rye grass (lolium perenne) and a sequence identity of 43% ... | 1993 | 8262175 |
| toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue and range grasses: historic perspectives. | a historic profile of endophyte-induced tall fescue toxicosis is presented. a chronology of events is presented, beginning with the importance of finding balansia-infected grasses in a tall fescue pasture in north central georgia. this initial finding was followed by the discovery that another related endophyte was present in tall fescue and other major forage grasses. this species of endophyte was identified as acremonium coenophialum. after this report was the important discovery that cattle p ... | 1995 | 7608021 |
| ryegrass staggers in heifers: a new mycotoxicosis in argentina. | aberdeen angus (aa) and crossbred aa x hereford 8-9 mo old heifers (560 animals) showed a typical perennial ryegrass (prg) staggers syndrome after grazing 26 d in a 25-hectare paddock of pure lolium perenne. effects were observed in about 50% of the herd. when forced to move, the animals showed incoordination, weakening of the forelimbs, falling on the chest and neck, and moving in this position during the first steps before recovering a normal gait. in severely affected animals all of the 4 lim ... | 1993 | 8470358 |
| lol p i-induced il-4 and ifn-gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of atopic and nonatopic subjects during and out of the pollen season. | the reciprocal effects of il-4 and ifn-gamma on ige synthesis have been well established. it has also been shown that these two lymphokines are secreted by different subsets of cd4+ t cells (th1 and th2), and that th2 helper t lymphocytes could be involved in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases. but little is known about the effects of an allergen on the profile of lymphokine synthesis by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) of allergic and nonallergic subjects. we studied the p ... | 1993 | 8473684 |
| relationships among non-acremonium sp. fungal endophytes in five grass species. | many cool-season grasses (subfamily pooideae) possess maternally transmitted fungal symbionts which cause no known pathology and often enhance the ecological fitness and biochemical capabilities of the grass hosts. the most commonly described endophytes are the acremonium section albo-lanosa spp. (acremonium endophytes), which are conidial anamorphs (strictly asexual forms) of epichloë typhina. other endophytes which have been noted are a gliocladium-like fungus in perennial ryegrass (lolium per ... | 1993 | 8517749 |
| t-cell epitopes of phl p 1, major pollen allergen of timothy grass (phleum pratense): evidence for crossreacting and non-crossreacting t-cell epitopes within grass group i allergens. | the use of peptides representing t-cell epitopes of allergens is a modern concept for improvement of specific immunotherapy. a prerequisite for this approach is the identification of t-cell epitopes of atopic allergens. | 1995 | 8543758 |
| effects of interferon-alpha on cytokine profile, t cell receptor repertoire and peptide reactivity of human allergen-specific t cells. | a large panel of t cell clones (tcc) specific for the recombinant form of poa pratensis allergen (rkbg7.2 or poa p9) were established from the peripheral blood of grass pollen-sensitive donor in the absence or presence of recombinant interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) in bulk culture and their pattern of cytokine secretion, peptide reactivity and tcr v beta repertoire was examined. the majority of allergen-specific tcc derived in absence of ifn-alpha produced high amounts of interleukin-4 (il-4) and i ... | 1996 | 8605940 |
| multicentre evaluation of capture assay radim liquid allergen for measurement of specific ige antibodies. | a multicentre trial of capture assay radim liquid allergen was performed to define the sensitivity, specificity and clinical reliability of the system in diagnostic allergology. the results of the evaluation were compared with clinical data and in vivo testing. good agreement was obtained for dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (d1), cat's epithelium (e1), betula verrucosa (t3) and olea europea (t9), artemisia vulgaris (w6) and parietaria officinalis (w19). some spreading of data was observed for art ... | 1995 | 8608200 |
| mutualistic fungal endophytes express a proteinase that is homologous to proteases suspected to be important in fungal pathogenicity. | many cultivated and wild grass species are hosts to mutualistic fungal endophytes. these associations are ecologically and agronomically significant, yet little is known regarding the physiological aspects of the interaction. in the poa ampla/acremonium typhinum interaction, a fungal serine proteinase, at1, is surprisingly abundant and may constitute 1 to 2% of the total leaf-sheath protein. sequence analysis of cdna and genomic clones indicates that proteinase at1 is a member of the eukaryotic ... | 1996 | 8756501 |
| receiver-operating characteristic (roc) curves: a fundamental tool for improving the clinical usefulness of in vitro ige tests. | in order to establish the most efficient thresholds for serum allergen-specific ige measured by the pharmacia cap system, a "second-generation" in vitro method, we evaluated results from 89 subjects with suspected inhalant allergies, using receiver-operating characteristic (roc) curve analysis. sera samples were analyzed by the pharmacia cap system for specific ige, the choice of allergens to be tested being based upon the symptoms and clinical history of each patient. results were analyzed by r ... | 1996 | 8837664 |
| inhalative occupational and ingestive immediate-type allergy caused by chicory (cichorium intybus). | we report a first case of occupational allergy to chicory (cichorium intybus) in a vegetable wholesaler. symptoms occurred after oral, cutaneous or inhalatory exposure. the patient also reported reactions after ingestion of botanically related endive (cichorium endivia) and lettuce (lactuca sativa). we identified the responsible allergen by sds-page and immunoblot to be a 48-kda protein, confined to the non-illuminated parts of the plants. no cross-reactivity was found with mugwort (artemisia vu ... | 1996 | 8877160 |
| characterization of dac g 4, a major basic allergen from dactylis glomerata pollen. | monoclonal antibodies were produced against dac g 4, a purified major basic allergen from dactylis glomerata pollen. their ability to be used for immunopurification of dac g 4 was studied on a biacore apparatus (pharmacia). the allergen was purified by affinity chromatography with one monoclonal antibody. its precise molecular mass, 59,185 +/- 30 d, was determined by mass spectrometry. its isoelectric point is 10.4. sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting show ... | 1996 | 8977507 |
| atopic sensitization in children of somali immigrants in italy. | children of immigrants are known to be at greater risk for developing allergic manifestations than the population in general. in this study we observed children of somali origin living in italy in order to find plausible explanations for the high risk of allergic disease in immigrants. fifty-two children aged 0-14 years (mean = 6.7 years) were examined during the spring season. the mothers of the children were asked to fill in a questionnaire on symptoms and signs of atopic diseases and the fami ... | 1994 | 7850033 |
| cloning and expression pattern of hor v 9, the group 9 pollen isoallergen from barley. | in this study we report the cloning, sequence, and characterization of hor v 9 allergen cdnas from barley (hordeum vulgare) pollen. structural homologues of kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) group 9 pollen allergens were identified in a cdna library of barley pollen expressed mrnas. the hor v 9 cdna clone (hvp9742) contained an open reading frame encoding 313 amino acids which included a putative 27-residue signal peptide and one asparagine sequon for glycosylation. the mrna corresponding to cl ... | 1996 | 8982067 |
| production, faecal egg counts and worm burdens of ewe lambs which grazed six contrasting forages. | lambs were grazed on monospecific swards of one of six forages, some containing condensed tannins (ct); sulla (hedysarum coronarium), lotus corniculatus and l. pedunculatus and some without ct (lucerne (medicago sativa), plantain (plantago lanceolata) and a ryegrass/white clover pasture (lolium perenne/trifolium repens)) to evaluate effects of forage type on gastrointestinal nematode burdens, faecal egg count as well as liveweight gain (lwg), wool growth and dag formation over a 42-day period. a ... | 1998 | 9877067 |
| human recombinant antibody fragments specific for a rye-grass pollen allergen: characterization and potential applications. | one of the major allergens from the pollen of perennial rye grass (lolium perenne), lol pii, was used to isolate specific antibody fragments from a random combinatorial library displaying a large repertoire of human fab on filamentous phages. after five panning cycles on recombinant lol pii immunotubes, phage binders were isolated and the antibody fragments expressed as soluble fab molecules in the escherichia coli periplasm. the dna sequencing of the clones producing antibodies with the highest ... | 1996 | 9010244 |
| immunological cross-reactivity of the major allergen from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), lol p i, and the cysteine proteinase, bromelain. | antibodies prepared in rabbits against the major allergen from ryegrass (lolium perenne), lol p i, cross-reacted with the cysteine proteinase bromelain from pineapple and vice versa. deglycosylation of the proteins showed that the cross-reaction was based on recognition of the carbohydrate moiety of the allergen, but for bromelain the cross-reaction was most likely due to a combination of factors. the results indicate that the carbohydrate residues from these allergens play an important role in ... | 1997 | 9104799 |
| viability of cryptosporidium parvum during ensilage of perennial ryegrass. | the survival of cryptosporidium parvum during ensilage of perennial ryegrass was examined in laboratory silos with herbage prepared in one of three different ways; either untreated, inoculated with a strain of lactobacillus plantarum or by direct acidification with formic acid. the ph values of all silages initially fell below 4.5, but only formic acid-treated silage remained stable at less than ph 4 after 106 d, with the ph of the untreated and inoculant-treated silages rising to above 6. the f ... | 1997 | 9147867 |
| infestation of sheep dung by nematophagous fungi and implications for the control of free-living stages of gastro-intestinal nematodes. | a field trial was conducted to assess the rate at which dung becomes infested by fungi which parasitise nematodes (nematophagous fungi) after deposition. sheep dung was placed on field plots of bare ground, ryegrass (lolium perenne), browntop (agrostis capillaris) and white clover (trifolium repens) in summer (february) and autumn (april), and subsamples were examined at intervals for the presence of nematophagous fungi. nematophagous fungi occurred in 71% of 129 samples recovered in february an ... | 1997 | 9211650 |
| ozone increases group 5 allergen content of lolium perenne. | | 1997 | 9284991 |
| intake stimulants in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) fed to sheep. | few studies exist on intake stimulants in forage plants, although a large amount of research has been conducted on deterrents to the feeding behavior of herbivore livestock. to study intake stimulants in plants, chemical components of perennial ryegrass were extracted, fractionated, and examined for their effects on the feeding behavior of sheep. methanol extracts were found to be stimulants, and pentane extracts tended to be deterrents. the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extracts stimul ... | 1997 | 9313150 |
| ige antibodies to aeroallergens in allergic children in são paulo, brazil. | the sensitization to inhaled allergens was studied in 80 brazilian children and 12 controls, aged 6 to 16 years. we performed skin tests with alternaria alternata, cat, dog, lolium perenne, grasses and the following domestic mites: blomia tropicalis, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dermatophagoides farinae, lepidoglyphus destructor, chortoglyphus arcutus and aleuroglyphus ovatus. the frequencies of positive skin tests (mean diameter > or = 23 mm) were respectively 15%, 11%, 11%, 6%, 7%, 95%, 92% ... | 1997 | 9330189 |
| rumen fermentation and nutrient flows for cows fed grass and grass supplemented with molassed beet pulp pellets. | an experiment was carried out to determine the effect of a grass diet and a concentrate supplement on rumen fermentation and nutrient flows to the duodenum. perennial ryegrass was cut and fed indoors to eight rumen- and duodenum-cannulated friesian cows with or without 3 kg/d of molassed beet pulp in a randomized design experiment. the dry matter intake of grass was significantly lower for cows fed the concentrate supplement (13.6 vs. 11.5 kg of dry matter/d), but total dry matter and organic ma ... | 1997 | 9361218 |
| effect of mixing allergenic extracts containing helminthosporium, d. farinae, and cockroach with perennial ryegrass. | allergenic extracts used for immunotherapy often contain mixes of different allergens. studies have shown that certain allergenic extracts contain enzymes that can cause a decrease in grass pollen allergenicity when mixed with grass extracts. glycerin and buffered saline with phenol (bsp) extracts containing helminthosporium interseminatum, d. farinae, and cockroach were mixed with perennial ryegrass extracts and analyzed 7, 30, 60, and 90 days after mixing to determine the mixing effect of thes ... | 1993 | 8372997 |
| changes in the rumen microbial population and its activities during the refaunation period after the reintroduction of ciliate protozoa into the rumen of defaunated sheep. | changes in the microbial populations, their activities, and the ruminal fermentation were monitored for 50 d following the reintroduction of ciliate protozoa into four defaunated sheep. a protozoal population was reestablished successfully in each recipient, using a washed inoculum containing approximately 10(3) cells, although there were between-animal differences in the rates of recolonization and genus establishment. entodinium spp. predominated in the initial stages of the refaunation period ... | 1993 | 8439876 |
| dissection of the grass allergen-specific immune response in patients with allergies and control subjects: t-cell proliferation in patients does not correlate with specific serum ige and skin reactivity. | pollinosis, caused by grasses of the poaceae family, is a problem worldwide. the relative importance of grass groups 1 and 5 major allergens is well established. however, not much is known about the recognition of these allergens by t cells and whether this t-cell reactivity correlates with skin reactivity and serum ige levels. | 1998 | 9500758 |
| ige antibodies to recombinant pollen allergens (phl p 1, phl p 2, phl p 5, and bet v 2) account for a high percentage of grass pollen-specific ige. | pollen from different grass species are some of the most potent elicitors of type i allergy worldwide. the characterization of antigenic structures and ige epitopes common to different grass species is relevant to define reagents for diagnosis and specific therapy of grass pollen allergy. | 1998 | 9500760 |
| limited genetic control of specific ige responses to rye grass pollen allergens in australian twins. | both genetic and environmental factors are thought to contribute to specific ige responses, however, the relative contribution of each in the responses to individual ryegrass pollen allergens is largely unknown even though some responses to allergens have been linked to certain hla complexes. | 1998 | 9543082 |
| specific ige to recombinant vegetal panallergen (rbet v 2) and fruit allergy in pollinic patients. | the presence of ige antibodies to the allergens rbet v 1 and rbet v 2 was investigated in patients with known sensitization to ryegrass (lolium perenne) and/or olive (olea europaea) pollen, by comparing a group of 10 patients who had allergic symptoms after ingestion of fruits (a) with a group of 17 patients who had only seasonal respiratory symptoms (b). there was no significant difference between the two groups for total ige. all patients showed specific ige to both l. perenne and o. europaea. ... | 1998 | 9689344 |
| establishment and fecundity of ostertagia circumcincta and trichostrongylus colubriformis in lambs fed lotus (lotus pedunculatus) or perennial ryegrass. | forty four 12-14 week old polled dorset ram lambs, raised helminth free from birth, were used to investigate the effects of condensed tannins (ct) in lotus (lotus pedunculatus) on lamb growth and gastrointestinal nematode establishment and fecundity. condensed tannins bind to proteins in the rumen and increase the flow of protein to the intestines. lambs were allocated to either a ryegrass (lolium perenne) or lotus diet fed ad libitum, with or without twice daily drenching of polyethylene glycol ... | 1998 | 9703616 |
| growth, voluntary food intake and digestion in farmed temperate and tropical deer. | growth and voluntary feed intake (vfi) in grazing temperate farmed deer species are influenced by the feeding value of the forage and the stage of the deer's seasonal cycle. liveweight gain (lwg) of growing red deer was greater when perennial ryegrass (0.80)/white clover (0.20) pasture was grazed at 10 cm than 5 cm surface height, but venison production by one year of age was still low. chicory and red clover were of superior feeding value for deer than perennial ryegrass-based pastures, increas ... | 1998 | 9704535 |
| injury to murine airway epithelial cells by pollen enzymes. | pollens are important triggers for asthma but the mechanism of sensitisation to their proteins remains poorly understood. the intrinsic protease activity of some allergens may contribute to sensitisation by disrupting the integrity of the airway epithelial barrier. pollens release a variety of enzymes, including proteases, upon hydration. the hypothesis that such enzymes might be able to damage airway epithelial cells was therefore tested. | 1998 | 9708228 |
| detection and quantification of group 4 allergens in grass pollen extracts using monoclonal antibodies. | grass pollen extracts are complex mixtures consisting of different major allergenic and non-allergenic components. phl p 4 is an important allergen, because more than 75% of grass pollen allergic patients produce specific ige antibodies against group 4 allergens. | 1998 | 9720813 |
| molecular basis of ige-recognition of lol p 5, a major allergen of rye-grass pollen. | grass pollen, especially of rye-grass (lolium perenne). represents an important cause of type i allergy. identification of ige-binding (allergenic) epitopes of major grass pollen allergens is essential for understanding the molecular basis of interaction between allergens and human ige antibodies and therefore facilitates the devising of safer and more effective diagnostic and immunotherapy reagents. the aim of this study was to identify the allergenic epitopes of lol p 5, a major allergen of ry ... | 1998 | 9747889 |
| specific antigen targeting to surface ige and igg on mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells enhances efficiency of antigen presentation. | the discovery that bone marrow-derived mast cells can express major histocompatibility complex class ii molecules and act as antigen-presenting cells prompted us to evaluate this function when antigen is internalized through fluid-phase endocytosis or via specific uptake by using igg and ige antibodies. this study was performed using a specific t-cell hybridoma developed against lol p 1, the major allergen of grass pollen lolium perenne. expression of fc gamma r and fc epsilon ri by mast cells l ... | 1998 | 9767412 |
| the kinetics of change in cytokine production by cd4 t cells during conventional allergen immunotherapy. | the effect of conventional allergen immunotherapy on allergen-specific t lymphocyte cytokine production is incompletely understood, particularly during the initial phase of treatment. | 1999 | 10069882 |
| differential recognition of recombinant phl p 5 isoallergens by phl p 5-specific t cells. | at present, recombinant allergens are considered for the diagnosis and treatment of atopic allergies. to evaluate the theoretical impact of isoallergen variation on the selection of isoallergens for specific allergy vaccination, we characterized the t-cell response of allergic patients to the phleum pratense major allergen, phl p 5, and five of its recombinant isoallergens. | 1999 | 10224358 |
| influence of an elevated atmospheric co2 content on soil and rhizosphere bacterial communities beneath lolium perenne and trifolium repens under field conditions. | > abstract the increase in atmospheric co2 content alters c3 plant photosynthetic rate, leading to changes in rhizodeposition and other root activities. this may influence the activity, the biomass, and the structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial communities and therefore the nutrient cycling rates and the plant growth. the present paper focuses on bacterial numbers and on community structure. the rhizospheres of two grassland plants, lolium perenne (ryegrass) and trifolium repens (white clo ... | 1999 | 10384008 |
| structural analysis of n-glycans from allergenic grass, ragweed and tree pollens: core alpha1,3-linked fucose and xylose present in all pollens examined. | the n-glycans from soluble extracts of ten pollens were examined. the pyridylaminated oligosaccharides derived from these sources were subject to gel filtration and reverse-phase hplc, in conjunction with exoglycosidase digests, and in some cases matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation mass spectrometry. in comparison to known structures, it was possible to determine the major structures of the n-glycans derived from kentucky blue grass (poa pratensis), rye (secale cerale), ryegrass (lolium ... | 1998 | 10386890 |
| terpendole m, a novel indole-diterpenoid isolated from lolium perenne infected with the endophytic fungus neotyphodium lolii. | terpendole m (1), a novel indole-diterpenoid, was isolated from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) infected with the endophytic fungus neotyphodium lolii. it was identified as 14alpha-hydroxyterpendole c by nmr and mass spectral techniques. the known indole-diterpenoids paspaline (3) and 13-desoxypaxilline (4) were also isolated from perennial ryegrass for the first time. terpendole m was less tremorgenic than terpendole c (2) in a standard mouse bioassay. these findings provide clues to the bi ... | 1999 | 10552421 |
| isolation of lolicine a, lolicine b, lolitriol, and lolitrem n from lolium perenne infected with neotyphodium lolii and evidence for the natural occurrence of 31-epilolitrem n and 31-epilolitrem f. | lolicines a (1a) and b (2a), late-eluting lolitrem-like compounds, were identified in extracts of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) seed that was infected with the endophytic fungus neotyphodium lolii. the lolicines were isolated as their 11-o-propionates (1b and 2b) and their structures determined by mass spectrometry and one- and two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy. the structures of lolicines a and b were similar to those of paspaline (5a) and paspaline b (5b), compounds known to be biosynthet ... | 1998 | 10554283 |
| efficiency of some in vitro allergy tests for evaluating atopy in children and adults. | in recent years, an increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases has been reported, in industrialised countries. it is also a problem in non-industrialised countries, but its extent is less well documented. in this study, inhalant screening allergens (alatop), food screening allergens (fp5e), and total and specific ige were measured in 237 allergic patients (164 adults and 73 children) in order to examine the distribution of common allergens, the percentage of atopy/non-atopy among allergic c ... | 1999 | 10616753 |
| quantitative assessment of in planta distribution of metabolic activity and gene expression of an endophytic fungus. | using perennial ryegrass infected with an acremonium transformant carrying the escherichia coli beta-d-glucuronidase gene (gusa) (gus system) under control of a constitutive promoter, we have developed methods for the quantitative extraction of endophyte-associated gus activity from plant material. fluorometric assays of these extracts allow quantitative assessment of the distribution of endophyte-associated gus activity within single plants (tillers) with high resolution. fluorescence microscop ... | 1997 | 10627142 |
| substrate preference profiles of proteases released by allergenic pollens. | pollens are important triggers for allergic asthma and seasonal rhinitis. we have recently reported that proteases released by major allergenic pollens can injure airway epithelial cells in vitro. disruption of epithelial integrity by proteases released following deposition of pollens on mucosal surfaces could promote sensitization and induce inflammation. | 2000 | 10718856 |
| biochemical and immunological characterization of recombinant allergen lol p 1. | pollen from perennial rye grass (lolium perenne), a major cause of type-i allergy worldwide, contains a complex mixture of allergenic proteins among which lol p 1 is one of the most important. we describe the expression, purification and characterization of a recombinant lol p 1 overproduced in escherichia coli. the recombinant allergen, expressed in high yields and purified in milligram amounts, bound to specific ige antibodies from human sera, induced histamine release from sensitized human ba ... | 1997 | 9395340 |
| endophytic fungi in indigenous australasian grasses associated with toxicity to livestock. | grazing of echinopogon spp. by livestock in australia has caused symptoms similar to those of perennial ryegrass staggers. we observed an endophytic fungus in the intercellular spaces of the leaves and seeds of new zealand and australian specimens of echinopogon ovatus. culture of surface-sterilized seeds from new zealand specimens yielded a slow-growing fungus. an examination in which immunoblotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were used indicated that e. ovatus plants from ... | 1998 | 9464398 |
| performance of lactating dairy cows fed alfalfa silage or perennial ryegrass silage. | the nutrient contents of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) and alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) are reasonably similar. despite similarities, the lactation performance of dairy cows fed perennial ryegrass has not been compared with the lactation performance of dairy cows fed alfalfa. the present study was implemented to compare the performance of lactating cows fed alfalfa or perennial ryegrass silage. alfalfa and perennial ryegrass were harvested at late bud and boot stages of maturity, respec ... | 1998 | 9493091 |
| synthetic zeolites as amendments for sewage sludge-based compost. | the effects of incorporating a synthetic zeolite (zeolite p) in a range of concentrations (0.1-1.0 w:w) into an experimental horticultural compost, derived from sewage sludge, have been investigated. the impact of zeolite treatment on time-related changes of the labile zinc, copper, iron and manganese pools within the compost was compared to lime incorporation (5% w:w) and to a proprietary unamended peat-based compost. addition of 0.5% and 1.0% zeolite significantly reduced labile zinc over a 90 ... | 2000 | 10819210 |
| duration of regrowth of ryegrass (lolium perenne) effects on grazing behavior, intake, rumen fill, and fermentation of lactating dairy cows. | the relative importance of duration of sward regrowth and fill and fermentation in the rumen on the control of grazing time and intake rate during the first grazing session of the day was studied. four lactating dairy cows were allowed to graze ryegrass (lolium perenne) swards, with five different regrowth periods after mowing (6, 9, 16, 22, and 30 d). the cows were allowed to graze until they stopped voluntarily (cessation of grazing activity for at least 15 min). before and after grazing the r ... | 2000 | 10821574 |
| lawn parameters influencing abundance and distribution of the hairy chinch bug (hemiptera: lygaeidae). | management of lawns that promotes conditions detrimental to the development of insect pests may represent a valuable environmentally benign turfgrass management strategy. in the cool-humid region of quebec, canada, we investigated 45 lawns infested with hairy chinch bug, blissus leucopterus hirtus montandon, to identify lawn parameters related to its distribution and abundance. kentucky bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, and perennial ryegrass, respectively, accounted for 55.8, 19.6, and 9.3% of the ... | 2000 | 10826187 |
| ryegrass host genetic control of concentrations of endophyte-derived alkaloids. | endophytic fungi in pasture grasses produce alkaloids which affect invertebrate and vertebrate herbivores. while the competence to produce an alkaloid is a property of the fungus, the host plant may moderate fungal activity. host genetic influence on endophyte activity was studied in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) infected with a common strain of neotyphodium lolii (latch, christensen & samuels) glenn, bacon & hanlin. progeny seedling families of a partial diallel cross and their 12 pare ... | 2002 | 11756253 |
| molecular characterization of a cross-reactive juniperus oxycedrus pollen allergen, jun o 2: a novel calcium-binding allergen. | species belonging to the cupressaceae family are a relevant source of allergens that are present in a wide number of countries. | 1998 | 9648704 |
| expulsion of allergen-containing materials from hydrated rye grass (lolium perenne) pollen revealed by using immunogold field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopy. | several studies demonstrated episodes of grass pollen-induced allergic asthma after heavy rainfalls. it has been hypothesized that these asthma attacks might be due to the release of respirable allergen-bearing particles from pollen cytoplasm. | 2000 | 10856148 |
| effect of breed and age on the voluntary intake and the micromineral status of non-pregnant sheep. 1. estimation of voluntary intake. | twenty-four sheep were used to test breed and age differences in voluntary intake (vi). the sheep were divided into four groups of six animals each: suffolk mature ewes (sm), suffolk yearlings (sy), rambouillet mature ewes (rm), and rambouillet yearlings (ry). the animals grazed alternatively two mixed pastures containing trifolium repens latum, lolium perenne and pennisetum clandestinum from 07:00 to 16:30 hours and remained penned overnight. voluntary intake was estimated using chromic sesquio ... | 2000 | 10867320 |
| effect of breed and age on the voluntary intake and the micromineral status of non-pregnant sheep. ii. micromineral status. | twenty-four non-pregnant sheep, divided into four groups of six animals each, were used to test breed (suffolk and rambouillet) and age (mature (six years old) and yearling (16 months old) ewes) differences in micromineral status. the animals grazed alternatively two mixed pastures containing trifolium repens latum, lolium perenne and pennisetum clandestinum from 07:00 to 16:30hours, and remained penned overnight. hand-plucked forage samples, blood and wool samples were collected on days 1 (exce ... | 2000 | 10867321 |
| degradation of fresh ryegrass by methanogenic co-cultures of ruminal fungi grown in the presence or absence of fibrobacter succinogenes. | the ability of five ruminal fungi in syntrophic co-culture with the methanogen methanobrevibacter smithii to degrade perennial ryegrass ( lolium perenne) stem fragments and leaf blades was studied to determine the susceptibilities of non-autoclaved fresh tissues to fungal degradation. autoclaving did not significantly increase fungal degradation of stem fragments but strongly increased degradation of leaf blades by a species of caecomyces. in methanogenic co-cultures, non-autoclaved stem fragmen ... | 2002 | 12029527 |
| amino acids as a nitrogen source in temperate upland grasslands: the use of dual labelled ((13)c, (15)n) glycine to test for direct uptake by dominant grasses. | it is becoming increasingly apparent that soil amino acids are a principal source of nitrogen (n) for certain plants, and especially those of n-limited environments. this study of temperate upland grasslands used glycine-2-(13)c-(15)n and ((15)nh4)(2)so(4) labelling techniques to test the hypothesis that plant species which dominate 'unimproved' semi-natural grasslands (festuca-agrostis-galium) are able to utilise amino acid n for growth, whereas those plants which dominate 'improved' grasslands ... | 2000 | 10920354 |
| effects of zinc and influence of acremonium lolii on growth parameters, chlorophyll a fluorescence and antioxidant enzyme activities of ryegrass (lolium perenne l. cv apollo). | the effects of zinc on growth, mineral content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and detoxifying enzyme activity (ascorbate peroxidase (apx), ec 1.11.1.11; superoxide dismutase (sod), ec 1.15.1.1) of ryegrass infected or not by acremonium lolii, and treated with nutrient solution containing 0-50 mm znso(4) were studied. the introduction of zinc induces stress with a decrease in growth at 1, 5 and 10 mm znso(4) and a cessation of growth at 50 mm znso(4), in ryegrass plants infected by a. lolii or not. ... | 2000 | 10948221 |
| response of a soil bacterial community to grassland succession as monitored by 16s rrna levels of the predominant ribotypes. | the composition of predominant soil bacteria during grassland succession was investigated in the dutch drentse a area. five meadows, taken out of agricultural production at different time points, and one currently fertilized plot represented different stages of grassland succession. since fertilization and agricultural production were stopped, the six plots showed a constant decline in the levels of nutrients and vegetation changes. the activity of the predominant bacteria was monitored by direc ... | 2000 | 10966420 |