| reclassification of rhizobium tropici type a strains as rhizobium leucaenae sp. nov. | rhizobium tropici is a well-studied legume symbiont characterized by high genetic stability of the symbiotic plasmid and tolerance to tropical environmental stresses such as high temperature and low soil ph. however, high phenetic and genetic variabilities among r. tropici strains have been largely reported, with two subgroups, designated type a and b, already defined within the species. a polyphasic study comprising multilocus sequence analysis, phenotypic and genotypic characterizations, inclu ... | 2011 | 21742822 |
| nodz of bradyrhizobium extends the nodulation host range of rhizobium by adding a fucosyl residue to nodulation signals. | the nodulation genes of rhizobia are involved in the production of the lipo-chitin oligosaccharides (lco), which are signal molecules required for nodule formation. a mutation in nodz of bradyrhizobium japonicum results in the synthesis of nodulation signals lacking the wild-type 2-o-methylfucose residue at the reducting-terminal n-acetylglucosamine. this phenotype is correlated with a defective nodulation of siratro (macroptilium atropurpureum). here we show that transfer of nodz to rhizobium l ... | 1996 | 8858593 |
| effect of six tropical tanniferous plant extracts on larval exsheathment of haemonchus contortus. | tanniferous plants represent a promising alternative for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants. this experiment evaluated the effects of extracts from the leaf and stem of anadenanthera colubrina, leucaena leucocephala and mimosa tenuiflora on larval exsheathment of haemonchus contortus in vitro and verified the role of tannins in this process. third-stage larvae of h. contortus were incubated with extracts for 3 hours and were exposed to sodium hypochlorite solution. the ext ... | 2011 | 21722491 |
| cloning, expression, functional validation and modeling of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase isolated from xylem of leucaena leucocephala. | a cdna encoding cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cad), catalyzing conversion of cinnamyl aldehydes to corresponding cinnamyl alcohols, was cloned from secondary xylem of leucaena leucocephala. the cloned cdna was expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) plyss cells. temperature and zn(2+) ion played crucial role in expression and activity of enzyme, such that, at 18°c and at 2 mm zn(2+) the cad was maximally expressed as active enzyme in soluble fraction. the expressed protein was purified 14.78- ... | 2011 | 21708267 |
| galactomannan thin films as supports for the immobilization of concanavalin a and/or dengue viruses. | the immobilization of the glucose/mannose-binding lectin from concanavalia ensiformis seeds (cona) onto a monolayer made of a galactomannan extracted from leucaena leucocephala seeds (gml), which was adsorbed onto - amino-terminated surfaces, was investigated by means of ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy. the mean thickness of gml monolayer, which polysaccharide consists of linear 1→4-linked β-d-mannopyranosil units partially substituted at c-6 by α-d-galactopyranosyl units, amounted to ( ... | 2012 | 22020153 |
| rhizobium grahamii sp. nov. from dalea leporina, leucaena leucocephala, clitoria ternatea nodules, and rhizobium mesoamericanum sp. nov. from phaseolus vulgaris, siratro, cowpea and mimosa pudica nodules. | two novel related rhizobium species, rhizobium grahamii and rhizobium mesoamericanum were identified by a polyphasic approach using dna-dna hybridization, whole genome sequencing, phylogenetic and phenotypic characterization including nodulation of leucaena leucocephala and phaseolus vulgaris (bean). as similar bacteria were found in los tuxtlas rain forest and in central america we suggest the existence of a mesoamerican microbiological corridor. the type strain of rhizobium grahamii sp. nov. i ... | 2011 | 22081714 |
| effect of a serine proteinase inhibitor from leucaena leucocephala on plasma kallikrein and plasmin. | | 1996 | 8856177 |
| multiple copies of nodd in rhizobium tropici ciat899 and br816. | rhizobium tropici strains are able to nodulate a wide range of host plants: phaseolus vulgaris, leucaena spp., and macroptilium atropurpureum. we studied the nodd regulatory gene for nodulation of two r. tropici strains: ciat899, the reference r. tropici type iib strain, and br816, a heat-tolerant strain isolated from leucaena leucocephala. a survey revealed several nodd-hybridizing dna regions in both strains: five distinct regions in ciat899 and four distinct regions in br816. induction experi ... | 1993 | 8419293 |
| genomic heterogeneity among french rhizobium strains isolated from phaseolus vulgaris l. | levels of dna relatedness between strains isolated from root nodules of phaseolus vulgaris and reference strains of different rhizobium species were determined by performing dna-dna hybridization experiments (s1 nuclease method). the nine strains examined were members of three genomic groups previously delineated by a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis among strains isolated from p. vulgaris at different sites in france. in agreement with the results of the restriction fragment le ... | 1993 | 8240956 |
| classification of the uptake hydrogenase-positive (hup+) bean rhizobia as rhizobium tropici. | phenotypic and genetic characterization indicated that hup+ bean rhizobial strains are type iia and type iib rhizobium tropici. the hup+ strain usda 2840, which did not cluster with either of the two types of r. tropici in a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, had electrophoretic patterns of pcr products generated with primers for repetitive extragenic palindromic and enterobacterial repetitive intergeneric consensus sequences similar to those of three reference strains of r. trop ... | 1994 | 8135515 |
| high-resolution transcriptomic analyses of sinorhizobium sp. ngr234 bacteroids in determinate nodules of vigna unguiculata and indeterminate nodules of leucaena leucocephala. | the rhizobium-legume symbiosis is a model system for studying mutualistic interactions between bacteria and eukaryotes. sinorhizobium sp. ngr234 is distinguished by its ability to form either indeterminate nodules or determinate nodules with diverse legumes. here, we presented a high-resolution rna-seq transcriptomic analysis of ngr234 bacteroids in indeterminate nodules of leucaena leucocephala and determinate nodules of vigna unguiculata. in contrast to exponentially growing free-living bacter ... | 2013 | 23936444 |
| the nods gene of rhizobium tropici strain ciat899 is necessary for nodulation on phaseolus vulgaris and on leucaena leucocephala. | rhizobium tropici strain ciat899 induces nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of a wide range of tropical legumes, including phaseolus vulgaris and leucaena leucocephala. previously, a dna region of the ciat899 psym plasmid containing the common nodulation genes nodabc and one of the nodd alleles was characterized (p. van rhijn, b. feys, c. verreth, and j. vanderleyden, j. bacteriol. 175: 438-447, 1993). as reported here, the region immediately downstream of nodc contains the nodsu genes. the nu ... | 1995 | 7772799 |
| collagenase-induced oedema in the rat paw and the kinin system. | collagenase (100 micrograms) induced a large plasma extravasation, during the first 15 min after its injection in rat paw, associated with the rapid development of oedema which subsided after 6 h. the extent of the oedema was similar in normal and kininogen-deficient rats. the swelling induced in normal rats was reduced by hoe 140 (d-arg[hyp3,thi5,d-tic7,oic8]bradykinin), a bradykinin b2 receptor antagonist, and by three serine protease inhibitors, soybean trypsin inhibitor (sbti), leucaena leuc ... | 1995 | 7768261 |
| regulatory nodd1 and nodd2 genes of rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899 and their roles in the early stages of molecular signaling and host-legume nodulation. | nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation are mediated by several genes, both of the host legume and of the bacterium. the rhizobial regulatory nodd gene plays a critical role, orchestrating the transcription of the other nodulation genes. rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899 is an effective symbiont of several legumes-with an emphasis on common bean (phaseolus vulgaris)-and is unusual in carrying multiple copies of nodd, the roles of which remain to be elucidated. | 2015 | 25880529 |
| draft genome sequence of mesorhizobium sp. ufla 01-765, a multitolerant, efficient symbiont and plant growth-promoting strain isolated from zn-mining soil using leucaena leucocephala as a trap plant. | we report the 7.4-mb draft genome sequence of mesorhizobium sp. strain ufla 01-765, a gram-negative bacterium of the phyllobacteriaceae isolated from zn-mining soil in minas gerais, brazil. this strain promotes plant growth, efficiently fixes n2 in symbiosis with leucaena leucocephala on multicontaminated soil, and has potential for application in bioremediation of marginal lands. | 2016 | 26966214 |
| characterization of rhizobium grahamii extrachromosomal replicons and their transfer among rhizobia. | rhizobium grahamii belongs to a new phylogenetic group of rhizobia together with rhizobium mesoamericanum and other species. r. grahamii has a broad-host-range that includes leucaena leucocephala and phaseolus vulgaris, although it is a poor competitor for p. vulgaris nodulation in the presence of rhizobium etli or rhizobium phaseoli strains. this work analyzed the genome sequence and transfer properties of r. grahamii plasmids. | 2014 | 24397311 |
| rna-seq analysis of the rhizobium tropici ciat 899 transcriptome shows similarities in the activation patterns of symbiotic genes in the presence of apigenin and salt. | rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899 establishes effective symbioses with several legume species, including phaseolus vulgaris and leucaena leucocephala. this bacterium synthesizes a large variety of nodulation factors in response to nod-gene inducing flavonoids and, surprisingly, also under salt stress conditions. the aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes in the presence of both inducer molecules, and analyze the promoter regions located upstream of these genes. | 2016 | 26951045 |
| phenotypic, molecular and symbiotic characterization of the rhizobial symbionts of desmanthus paspalaceus (lindm.) burkart that grow in the province of santa fe, argentina. | desmanthus paspalaceus (lindm.) burkart belongs to the d. virgatus complex, subfamily mimosoidae. the known potential as livestock fodder of several of these legumes prompted us to undertake a phenotypic, molecular, and symbiotic characterization of the d. paspalaceus symbionts in the santa fe province, argentina. the rhizobia collected--containing isolates with different abiotic-stress tolerances--showed a remarkable genetic diversity by pcr fingerprinting, with 11 different amplification profi ... | 2014 | 25153989 |
| phylogenetic relationships and host range of rhizobium spp. that nodulate phaseolus vulgaris l. | we determined the nucleotide sequences of 16s rrna gene segments from five rhizobium strains that have been isolated from tropical legume species. all share the capacity to nodulate phaseolus vulgaris l., the common bean. phylogenetic analysis confirmed that these strains are of two different chromosomal lineages. we defined the host ranges of two strains of rhizobium etli and three strains of r. tropici, comparing them with those of the two most divergently related new strains. twenty-two of th ... | 1995 | 7618891 |
| australian goats detoxify the goitrogen 3-hydroxy-4(1h) pyridone (dhp) after rumen infusion from an indonesian goat. | the failure of australian goats fed leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) to degrade 3-hydroxy-4(1h) pyridone (dhp), the goitrogenic metabolite of mimosine, was overcome when they were infused with rumen fluid from an indonesian goat. the leucaena toxicity problem in australia may well be solved by transfer of specific bacteria capable of degrading dhp anaerobically. | 1984 | 6210212 |
| [nutritional evaluation of the seeds of "ipil-ipil" (leucaena leucocephala), "casco de vaca" (bauhinia monandra) and scented carob (albizia lebbeck)]. | chemical composition, antinutritional factors and biological protein quality of raw and autoclaved (120 degrees c for 10 min) ipil-ipil (leucaena leucocephala), casco de vaca (bauhinia monandra) ard algarrobo de olor (albizia lebbeck) seeds were determined. the trypsin inhibitor activity was 29, 120, and 150 tiu/mg of sample respectively. autoclaving eliminated 59, 33 and 100% of the activity. bauhinia monandra seed depicted a high hemagglutinating activity which was eliminated by autoclaving. n ... | 1988 | 3154303 |
| polyclonal antisera production by immunization with mixed cell antigens of different rhizobial species. | somatic antigens of bradyrhizobium japonicum, rhizobium sp. (cicer arietinum) and rhizobium sp. (leucaena leucocephala) were prepared as standard, single-species type from cultured cells. equal numbers of the cells of these rhizobia were then combined to obtain a mixed-rhizobial-species antigen preparation. rabbits were immunized either with the standard, single-species type or with the mixed-rhizobial-species antigen preparations. the antisera developed from the mixed antigen immunization conta ... | 1994 | 24421129 |
| isolation and characterization of mimosine, 3, 4 dhp and 2, 3 dhp degrading bacteria from a commercial rumen inoculum. | the presence of the toxic amino acid mimosine in leucaena leucocephala restricts its use as a protein source for ruminants. rumen bacteria degrade mimosine to 3,4- and 2,3-dihydroxypyridine (dhp), which remain toxic. synergistes jonesii is believed to be the main bacterium responsible for degradation of these toxic compounds but other bacteria may also be involved. in this study, a commercial inoculum provided by the queensland's department of agriculture, fisheries, and forestry was screened fo ... | 2016 | 26773324 |
| identification of a nodd-dependent locus in the rhizobium strain ngr234 activated by phenolic factors secreted by soybeans and other legumes. | transfer of the strain ngr234nodd 1 gene into the narrow host range r. trifolii strain anu843 on either a 6.7-kb hindiii or 17-kb xhoi fragment broadens the host range of this bacterium to include the tropical legumes vigna unguiculata, glycine ussuriensis, leucaena leucocephala, and siratro (macroptilium atropurpureum). contrary to previous data (bassam et al. 1986), mutagenesis of the 17-kb xhoi fragment with a mini-mu lac transposon (mu dii1734) showed that a functional nodd 1 gene was essent ... | 1988 | 2980201 |
| induction of pathogenic-like responses in the legume macroptilium atropurpureum by a transposon-induced mutant of the fast-growing, broad-host-range rhizobium strain ngr234. | mutant strain anu2861, a transposon tn5 mutant of the fast-growing, broad-host-range rhizobium strain anu280 (ngr234 smr rfr) overproduces polysaccharide, is an ade auxotroph, and induces poorly developed nodules on leucaena leucocephala and lablab purpureus (h.c. chen, m. batley, j.w. redmond, and b.g. rolfe, j. plant physiol. 120:331-349, 1985). strain anu2861 cannot form nodules on macroptilium atropurpureum urb. (siratro) or on desmodium intortum and d. uncinatum and the nonlegume parasponia ... | 1988 | 2832384 |
| heterologous expression and characterization of mimosinase from leucaena leucocephala. | heterologous expression of eukaryotic genes in bacterial system is an important method in synthetic biology to characterize proteins. it is a widely used method, which can be sometimes quite challenging, as a number of factors that act along the path of expression of a transgene to mrna, and mrna to protein, can potentially affect the expression of a transgene in a heterologous system. here, we describe a method for successful cloning and expression of mimosinase-encoding gene from leucaena leuc ... | 2016 | 26843166 |
| effects of four tropical tanniniferous plant extracts on the inhibition of larval migration and the exsheathment process of trichostrongylus colubriformis infective stage. | the anthelmintic (ah) effect of acacia pennatula, leucaena leucocephala, lisyloma latisiliquum and piscidia piscipula was evaluated in the infective larvae (l(3)) of trichostrongylus colubriformis. different concentrations of lyophilized extracts were tested using the larval migration inhibition (lmi) test. an inhibitor of tannins (the polyvinyl polypyrrolidone [pvpp]) was used to verify whether these compounds were responsible for the ah effects. then, the effect of extracts on larval exsheathm ... | 2008 | 18304736 |
| preventing establishment: an inventory of introduced plants in puerto villamil, isabela island, galapagos. | as part of an island-wide project to identify and eradicate potentially invasive plant species before they become established, a program of inventories is being carried out in the urban and agricultural zones of the four inhabited islands in galapagos. this study reports the results of the inventory from puerto villamil, a coastal village representing the urban zone of isabela island. we visited all 1193 village properties to record the presence of the introduced plants. in addition, information ... | 2007 | 17940606 |
| the pyda-pydb fusion gene produces an active dioxygenase-hydrolase that degrades 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone, an intermediate of mimosine metabolism. | the objective of this research was to construct a pyda-pydb hybrid gene that encodes a functional dioxygenase-hydrolase (pyda-pydb) fusion protein for degradation of 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone (hp). hp is an intermediate in both synthesis and degradation of mimosine, a toxic amino acid produced by the tree legume leucaena leucocephala. computer-generated models of the fusion proteins suggested that joining of pyda and pydb with 0, 3, or 7 glycine residues as a linker should produce a functional pyda-p ... | 2007 | 17390132 |
| midd-encoded 'rhizomimosinase' from rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 is a c-n lyase that catabolizes l-mimosine into 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone, pyruvate and ammonia. | rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 catabolizes mimosine, which is a toxic non-protein amino acid present in leucaena leucocephala (leucaena). the objective of this investigation was to study the biochemical and catalytic properties of the enzyme encoded by midd, one of the tal1145 genes involved in mimosine degradation. the midd-encoded enzyme, midd, was expressed in escherichia coli, purified and used for biochemical and catalytic studies using mimosine as the substrate. the reaction products in the ... | 2013 | 23462928 |
| diversity of rhizobia nodulating phaseolus vulgaris l. in two kenyan soils with contrasting phs. | rhizobia were isolated from two kenyan soils with phs of 4.5 and 6.8 and characterized on the basis of their host ranges for nodulation and nitrogen fixation, colony morphologies, restriction fragment fingerprints, and hybridization with a nifh probe. the populations of rhizobia nodulating phaseolus vulgaris in the two soils were similar in numbers and in effectiveness of n(inf2) fixation but were markedly different in composition. the population in the naivasha soil (ph 6.8) was dominated by is ... | 1995 | 16535165 |
| modulatory effects of condensed tannin fractions of different molecular weights from a leucaena leucocephala hybrid on the bovine rumen bacterial community in vitro. | condensed tannin (ct) fractions of different molecular weights (mws) may affect rumen microbial metabolism by altering bacterial diversity. in this study the effects of unfractionated cts (f0) and five ct fractions (f1-f5) of different mws (f1, 1265.8 da; f2, 1028.6 da; f3, 652.2 da; f4, 562.2 da; f5, 469.6 da) from leucaena leucocephala hybrid-rendang (llr) on the structure and diversity of the rumen bacterial community were investigated in vitro. | 2016 | 26910767 |
| potential of tannin-rich plants for modulating ruminal microbes and ruminal fermentation in sheep. | the objective of this work was to study nutritional strategies for decreasing methane production by ruminants fed tropical diets, combining in vitro and in vivo methods. the in vitro approach was used to evaluate the dose effect of condensed tannins (ct) contained in leaves of gliricidia sepium, leucaena leucocephala, and manihot esculenta (39, 75, and 92 g ct/kg dm, respectively) on methane production and ruminal fermentation characteristics. tannin-rich plants (trp) were incubated for 24 h alo ... | 2015 | 25568379 |
| foliar chlorosis in symbiotic host and nonhost plants induced by rhizobium tropici type b strains. | rhizobium tropici ciat899 induced chlorosis in the leaves of its symbiotic hosts, common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.), siratro (macroptilium atropurpureum urb.), and leucaena leucocephala (lam.) de wit. chlorosis induction by strains ciat899 and ct9005, an exopolysaccharide-deficient mutant of ciat899, required carbon substrate. when the bacteria were added at planting in a solution of mannitol (50 g/liter), as few as 10 cells of ciat899 were sufficient to induce chlorosis in bean plants. all ca ... | 1993 | 16348994 |
| mesorhizobium acaciae sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of acacia melanoxylon r. br. | three novel strains, ritf741t, ritf1220 and ritf909, isolated from root nodules of acacia melanoxylon in guangdong province of china, have been previously identified as members of the genus mesorhizobium, displaying the same 16s rrna gene rflp pattern. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that the three strains belong to the genus mesorhizobium and had highest similarity (100.0 %) to mesorhizobium plurifarium lmg 11892t. phylogenetic analyses of housekeeping genes reca, atp ... | 2015 | 26296667 |
| rhizobium paranaense sp. nov., an effective n2-fixing symbiont of common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) with broad geographical distribution in brazil. | nitrogen (n), the nutrient most required for plant growth, is key for good yield of agriculturally important crops. common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) can benefit from bacteria collectively called rhizobia, which are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen (n2) in root nodules and supplying it to the plant. common bean is amongst the most promiscuous legume hosts; several described species, in addition to putative novel ones have been reported as able to nodulate this legume, although not always ... | 2014 | 24972614 |
| rhizobium freirei sp. nov., a symbiont of phaseolus vulgaris that is very effective at fixing nitrogen. | common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) can establish symbiotic associations with several rhizobium species; however, the effectiveness of most strains at fixing nitrogen under field conditions is very low. prf 81(t) is a very effective strain, usually referred to as rhizobium tropici and used successfully in thousands of doses of commercial inoculants for the common bean crop in brazil; it has shown high rates of nitrogen fixation in all areas representative of the crop in the country. here, we pre ... | 2013 | 23771622 |
| characteristics of the rhizobia associated with dalea spp. in the ordway, kellogg-weaver dunes, and hayden prairies. | habitat fragmentation affects the biodiversity and function of aboveground organisms in natural ecosystems but has not been studied for effects on belowground species. in this paper, we consider the diversity of the rhizobia associated with the indigenous legume dalea purpurea in 3 residual prairie areas in minnesota and iowa. using dalea purpurea as a trap host, 218 rhizobia were recovered from these soils then characterized using boxa1r pcr. three major and 13 minor groups were distinguished b ... | 2005 | 15782230 |
| distribution and diversity of rhizobia nodulating agroforestry legumes in soils from three continents in the tropics. | the natural rhizobial populations of calliandra calothyrsus, gliricidia sepium, leucaena leucocephala and sesbania sesban were assessed in soils from nine sites across tropical areas of three continents. the rhizobial population size varied from undetectable numbers to 1.8 x 104 cells/g of soil depending on the trap host and the soil. calliandra calothyrsus was the most promiscuous legume, nodulating in eight soils, while s. sesban nodulated in only one of the soils. polymerase chain reaction re ... | 2003 | 12753212 |
| development of feeding systems and strategies of supplementation to enhance rumen fermentation and ruminant production in the tropics. | the availability of local feed resources in various seasons can contribute as essential sources of carbohydrate and protein which significantly impact rumen fermentation and the subsequent productivity of the ruminant. recent developments, based on enriching protein in cassava chips, have yielded yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap) providing up to 47.5% crude protein (cp), which can be used to replace soybean meal. the use of fodder trees has been developed through the process of pell ... | 2013 | 23981662 |
| in vitro larval migration and kinetics of exsheathment of haemonchus contortus larvae exposed to four tropical tanniniferous plant extracts. | as for some temperate forage, some tropical tanniniferous plants (ttp) from browsing might represent an alternative to chemical anthelmintic. the anthelmintic effect of four ttp (acacia pennatula, lysiloma latisiliquum, piscidia piscipula, leucaena leucocephala) on haemonchus contortus was measured using two in vitro assays. first, the effects of increasing concentrations of lyophilized extracts (150, 300, 600, 1200 microg/ml pbs) were tested on h. contortus larvae (l(3)) using the larval migrat ... | 2008 | 18378085 |
| coat condition of ringtailed lemurs, lemur catta, at berenty reserve, madagascar: ii. coat and tail alopecia associated with leucaena leucocepahala, 2001-2006. | fur condition in wild ringtailed lemurs, lemur catta, was recorded during september-november birth seasons 2001-2006 at berenty reserve, madagascar. body coat condition was scored on a scale from bs 0: full, smooth coat with guard hairs, to bs5: half or more of back and limbs hairless. tail condition was scored from ts 0: full, to ts 5: half or more hairless. where troop core areas included stands of leucaena leucocephala, alopecia was dramatically more frequent than in similar areas without leu ... | 2009 | 19051314 |
| ensifer shofinae sp. nov., a novel rhizobial species isolated from root nodules of soybean (glycine max). | two bacterial strains isolated from root nodules of soybean were characterized phylogenetically as members of a distinct group in the genus ensifer based on 16s rrna gene comparisons. they were also verified as a separated group by the concatenated sequence analyses of reca, atpd and glnii (with similarities ≤93.9% to the type strains for defined species), and by the average nucleotide identities (ani) between the whole genome sequence of the representative strain ccbau 251167(t) and those of th ... | 2017 | 28209394 |
| effect of tropical browse leaves supplementation on rumen enzymes of sheep and goats fed dichanthium annulatum grass-based diets. | in a switch-over experiment, eight male animals, four each of sheep and goats of local breeds with mean body weight of 26. 8 +/- 2.0 and 30.0 +/- 2.1 kg, were fed dichanthium annulatum (da) grass and four browse species viz. helictris isora, securengia virosa, leucaena leucocephala (ll) and hardwickia binnata (hb) in four feeding trials to assess their supplementary effect on activity of rumen enzymes. the sheep and goats were offered da grass with individual browse in 75:25 and 50:50 proportion ... | 2010 | 20352330 |
| soil quality index for evaluation of reclaimed coal mine spoil. | success in the remediation of mine spoil depends largely on the selection of appropriate tree species. the impacts of remediation on mine soil quality cannot be sufficiently assessed by individual soil properties. however, combination of soil properties into an integrated soil quality index provides a more holistic status of reclamation potentials of tree species. remediation potentials of four tree species (acacia auriculiformis, cassia siamea, dalbergia sissoo, and leucaena leucocephala) were ... | 2016 | 26524272 |
| reproductive capacities and development of a seed bruchid beetle, acanthoscelides macrophthalmus, a potential host for the mass rearing of the parasitoid, dinarmus basalis. | the reproductive capacities and development of the seed beetle acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (schaeffer) (coleoptera: bruchidae), found in togo, were determined under natural conditions in a guinean zone for its use as a substitute host for the mass rearing of the parasitoid dinarmus basalts rond (hymenoptera: pteromalidae), a biological agent for the control of beetles that are pests of cowpea, vigna unguiculata (l.) walpers (fabales: fabaceae). population dynamics at the field level; and surv ... | 2010 | 20879923 |
| assessment of phytochemical content, polyphenolic composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of leguminosae medicinal plants in peninsular malaysia. | many medicinal plants from leguminosae family can be found easily in malaysia. these plants have been used as traditional medicines by local ethnic groups, where they are prepared as decoction, pastes for wound infections, and some have been eaten as salad. this paper focused on the assessment of antioxidant potential, antibacterial activity and classes of phytochemicals of nine plants from the leguminosae family. | 2011 | 21306653 |
| evidence of an american origin for symbiosis-related genes in rhizobium lusitanum. | randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used to investigate the diversity of 179 bean isolates recovered from six field sites in the arcos de valdevez region of northwestern portugal. the isolates were divided into 6 groups based on the fingerprint patterns that were obtained. representatives for each group were selected for sequence analysis of 4 chromosomal dna regions. five of the groups were placed within rhizobium lusitanum, and the other group was placed within r. tropici ty ... | 2011 | 21705533 |
| biochemical characterization of acacia schweinfurthii serine proteinase inhibitor. | one of the many control mechanisms of serine proteinases is their specific inhibition by protein proteinase inhibitors. an extract of acacia schweinfurthii was screened for potential serine proteinase inhibition. it was successfully purified to homogeneity by precipitating with 80% (v/v) acetone and sequential chromatographic steps, including ion-exchange, affinity purification and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. reducing sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrop ... | 2014 | 24090421 |
| in vitro screening of plant lectins and tropical plant extracts for anthelmintic properties. | lectins are plant secondary metabolites (psm) found in many forages and which may confer anthelmintic properties to gastrointestinal parasites through disrupting the development of parasitic larvae throughout its life cycle. in experiment 1, the ability of the plant lectins jacalin (jac), concanavalin a (con a), phytohemagglutinin e2l2 (pha-e2l2), phytohemagglutinin l4 (pha-l4), phytohemagglutinin e3l (pha-e3l), kidney bean albumin (kba), robinia pseudoacacia agglutinin (rpa), maackia amurensis ... | 2011 | 22130336 |
| first report of lecanodiaspis dendrobii douglas, 1892 (hemiptera: lecanodiaspididae) and the associated parasitoid cephaleta sp. (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) in brazil. | lecanodiaspis dendrobii douglas, 1892 (hemiptera: coccoidea: lecanodiaspididae) and the associated parasitoid cephaleta sp. (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) are reported for the first time in brazil. specimens of this scale insect were collected on branches and stems of acacia mangium willd., leucaena leucocephala (lam.) de wit (fabaceae), morus nigra l. (moraceae), citrus reticulata blanco (rutaceae), tectona grandis l. f. (verbenaceae), anacardium occidentale (anacardiaceae), annona squamosa l. and ... | 2016 | 26871743 |
| sward characteristics and performance of dairy cows in organic grass-legume pastures shaded by tropical trees. | the silvopastoral system (sps) has been suggested to ensure sustainability in animal production systems in tropical ecosystems. the objective of this study was to evaluate pasture characteristics, herbage intake, grazing activity and milk yield of holstein×zebu cows managed in two grazing systems (treatments): sps dominated by a graminaceous forage (brachiaria decumbens) intercropped with different leguminous herbaceous forages (stylosanthes spp., pueraria phaseoloides and calopogonium mucunoide ... | 2014 | 24703358 |
| phytostabilization of a pb-contaminated mine tailing by various tree species in pot and field trial experiments. | the potential of 6 tree species (leucaena leucocephala, acacia mangium, peltophorum pterocarpum, pterocarpus macrocarpus, lagerstroemia floribunda, eucalyptus camaldulensis) for phytoremediation of pb in sand tailings (total pb >9850 mg kg(-1)) from kemco pb mine in kanchanaburi province, thailand, were investigated employing a pot experiment (3 months) and field trial experiment (12 months). in pot study e. camaldulensis treated with osmocote fertilizer attained the highest total biomass (15.3 ... | 2012 | 22908655 |
| Role of bioinoculants and organic fertilizers in fodder production and quality of leguminous tree species. | The comparative effect of dual inoculation of native N fixer (Rhizobium) and AM fungi consortia with different organic fertilizers (vermicompost and farm yard manure) on fodder production and quality of two leguminous tree species (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de. Wit. and Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.) in silvopastoral system and their impact on the fodder production of un-inoculated Panicum maximum Jacq. under cut and carry system. After three years of plantation maximum tree survival was in L. le ... | 2011 | 21888233 |
| feeding of tropical trees and shrub foliages as a strategy to reduce ruminal methanogenesis: studies conducted in cuba. | the aim of this paper was to present the main results obtained in cuba on the effects of feeding tropical trees and shrubs on rumen methanogenesis in animals fed with low quality fibrous diets. more than 20 tree and shrub foliages were screened for phytochemicals and analyzed for chemical constituents. from these samples, seven promising plants (samanea saman, albizia lebbeck, tithonia diversifolia, leucaena leucocephala, trichantera gigantea, sapindus saponaria, and morus alba) were evaluated f ... | 2011 | 22205224 |
| down-regulation of leucaena leucocephala cinnamoyl coa reductase (llccr) gene induces significant changes in phenotype, soluble phenolic pools and lignin in transgenic tobacco. | cdna and genomic clones of cinnamoyl coa reductase measuring 1011 and 2992 bp were isolated from a leguminous pulpwood tree leucaena leucocephala, named as llccr. the cdna exhibited 80-85% homology both at the nucleotide and amino acid levels with other known sequences. the genomic sequence contained five exons and four introns. sense and antisense constructs of llccr were introduced in tobacco plants to up and down-regulate this key enzyme of lignification. the primary transformants showed a go ... | 2011 | 21847621 |
| the potential influence of plant-based feed supplements on sperm quantity and quality in livestock: a review. | the reproductive performance of male livestock is of economic importance, and improving semen quantity and quality, especially for artificial insemination, additionally helps to avoid the loss of valuable genotypes. the review focuses on the impact of oxidative stress on sperm production and quality in livestock, and the potential role of plant based anti-oxidants to control this impact. from scientific reports dealing with livestock, the paper compiles evidence on effective dietary measures aff ... | 2012 | 22575847 |
| phytotoxicity of volatile oil from eucalyptus citriodora against some weedy species. | a study was undertaken to explore the phytotoxicity of volatile essential oil from eucalyptus citriodora hook. against some weeds viz. bidens pilosa, amaranthus viridis, rumex nepalensis, and leucaena leucocephala in order to assess its herbicidal activity. dose-response studies conducted under laboratory conditions revealed that eucalypt oils (in concentration ranging from 0.0012 to 0.06%) greatly suppress the germination and seedling height of test weeds. at 0.06% eucalypt oil concentration, n ... | 2007 | 17717987 |
| influence of the size of indigenous rhizobial populations on establishment and symbiotic performance of introduced rhizobia on field-grown legumes. | indigenous rhizobia in soil present a competition barrier to the establishment of inoculant strains, possibly leading to inoculation failure. in this study, we used the natural diversity of rhizobial species and numbers in our fields to define, in quantitative terms, the relationship between indigenous rhizobial populations and inoculation response. eight standardized inoculation trials were conducted at five well-characterized field sites on the island of maui, hawaii. soil rhizobial population ... | 1991 | 16348393 |
| the type 3 protein secretion system of cupriavidus taiwanensis strain lmg19424 compromises symbiosis with leucaena leucocephala. | cupriavidus taiwanensis forms proficient symbioses with a few mimosa species. inactivation of a type iii protein secretion system (t3ss) had no effect on mimosa pudica but allowed c. taiwanensis to establish chronic infections and fix nitrogen in leucaena leucocephala. unlike what was observed for other rhizobia, glutamate rather than plant flavonoids mediated transcriptional activation of this atypical t3ss. | 2012 | 22865066 |
| abiotic stress induces change in cinnamoyl coa reductase (ccr) protein abundance and lignin deposition in developing seedlings of leucaena leucocephala. | aboitic stress such as drought and salinity are class of major threats, which plants undergo through their lifetime. lignin deposition is one of the responses to such abiotic stresses. the gene encoding cinnamoyl coa reductase (ccr) is a key gene for lignin biosynthesis, which has been shown to be over-expressed under stress conditions. in the present study, developing seedlings of leucaena leucocephala (vernacular name: subabul, white popinac) were treated with 1 % mannitol and 200 mm nacl to m ... | 2015 | 25931776 |
| allelopathic potential of macaranga tanarius (l.) muell.-arg. | macaranga tanarius is widely distributed in the abandoned lowlands of taiwan where substantial amounts of leaves accumulate on the ground. a unique pattern of weed exclusion underneath trees is often found and thought to result from allelopathic interactions. density-dependent phytotoxicity analysis of lactuca sativa l. (lettuce) growing in soil mixed with the powder of m. tanarius leaves showed a significant deviation from the expected yield-density relationship. lettuce growth was most suppres ... | 2003 | 12857035 |
| ovarian activity and estrus behavior in early postpartum cows grazing leucaena leucocephala in the tropics. | the legume leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is widely used to supplement forage in silvopastoral livestock systems in latin america. little is known about its possible effects on the cow reproductive dynamic. the aim was to evaluate the effect of leucaena foliage intake on re-establishment of ovarian activity and estrus behavior in early postpartum (7-90 days) cows. twenty-four multiparous bos taurus × bos indicus cows were divided into two homogenous groups and assigned to one of two treatments ... | 2015 | 26210396 |
| social behaviour of cattle in tropical silvopastoral and monoculture systems. | silvopastoral systems can be a good alternative for sustainable livestock production because they can provide ecosystem services and improve animal welfare. most farm animals live in groups and the social organization and interactions between individuals have an impact on their welfare. therefore, the objective of this study was to describe and compare the social behaviour of cattle (bos indicus×bos taurus) in a silvopastoral system based on a high density of leucaena (leucaena leucocephala) com ... | 2016 | 26621331 |
| elucidation of leucaena leucocephala anthelmintic-like phytochemicals and the ultrastructural damage generated to eggs of cooperia spp. | leucaena leucocephala is a tropical forage legume suggested as an alternative method to control gastrointestinal parasitism in ruminants. this study: (1) performed a bio-guided fractionation of an aqueous extract of l. leucocephala using the egg hatch assay (eha) to identify the anthelmintic (ah)-like phytochemicals present in fresh leaves, and (2) assessed the ultrastructural damage to eggs of cooperia spp. after incubation with the final fraction. phytochemicals were isolated using silica gel ... | 2015 | 26477279 |
| polymerization degrees, molecular weights and protein-binding affinities of condensed tannin fractions from a leucaena leucocephala hybrid. | condensed tannins (cts) form insoluble complexes with proteins and are able to protect them from degradation, which could lead to rumen bypass proteins. depending on their degrees of polymerization (dp) and molecular weights, ct fractions vary in their capability to bind proteins. in this study, purified condensed tannins (cts) from a leucaena leucocephala hybrid were fractionated into five different molecular weight fractions. the structures of the ct fractions were investigated using 13c-nmr. ... | 2014 | 24927368 |
| effect of condensed tannins on bovine rumen protist diversity based on 18s rrna gene sequences. | molecular diversity of protists from bovine rumen fluid incubated with condensed tannins of leucaena leucocephala hybrid-rendang at 20 mg/500 mg dry matter (treatment) or without condensed tannins (control) was investigated using 18s rrna gene library. clones from the control library were distributed within nine genera, but clones from the condensed tannin treatment clone library were related to only six genera. diversity estimators such as abundance-based coverage estimation and chao1 showed si ... | 2013 | 23205499 |
| tropical tanniniferous legumes used as an option to mitigate sheep enteric methane emission. | this study presents the first results from brazil using sf(6) tracer technique adapted from cattle to evaluate the capability of condensed tannin (ct) present in three tropical legume forages, leucaena leucocephala (leu), styzolobium aterrimum (sta), and mimosa caesalpiniaefolia benth (mim) to reduce enteric ch(4) production in santa inês sheep. twelve male lambs [27.88 ± 2.85 kg body weight (bw)] were allocated in individual metabolic cages for 20-day adaptation followed by 6 days for measuring ... | 2013 | 23054809 |
| opening the "black box" of nodd3, nodd4 and nodd5 genes of rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899. | transcription of nodulation genes in rhizobial species is orchestrated by the regulatory nodd gene. rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899 is an intriguing species in possessing features such as broad host range, high tolerance of abiotic stresses and, especially, by carrying the highest known number of nodd genes--five--and the greatest diversity of nod factors (lipochitooligosaccharides, lcos). here we shed light on the roles of the multiple nodd genes of ciat 899 by reporting, for the first time, ... | 2015 | 26502986 |
| nrcr, a new transcriptional regulator of rhizobium tropici ciat 899 involved in the legume root-nodule symbiosis. | the establishment of nitrogen-fixing rhizobium-legume symbioses requires a highly complex cascade of events. in this molecular dialogue the bacterial nodd transcriptional regulators in conjunction with plant inducers, mostly flavonoids, are responsible for the biosynthesis and secretion of nod factors which are key molecules for successful nodulation. other transcriptional regulators related to the symbiotic process have been identified in rhizobial genomes, including negative regulators such as ... | 2016 | 27096734 |
| immunostimulatory effect of artificial feed supplemented with indigenous plants on clarias gariepinus against aeromonas hydrophila. | the antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of ficus benghalensis (prop-root) and leucaena leucocephala (pod seed) was evaluated by measurement of zone of inhibition against pathogenic bacteria, escherichia coli and aeromonas hydrophila. control artificial feed and artificial feed supplemented with 5% powder of f. benghalensis and l. leucocephala were prepared. juvenile clarias gariepinus were divided into four groups, acclimatized to laboratory conditions and fed with respective feeds for 2 ... | 2013 | 24120503 |
| fungal planet description sheets: 469-557. | novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: australia: apiognomonia lasiopetali on lasiopetalum sp., blastacervulus eucalyptorum on eucalyptus adesmophloia, bullanockia australis (incl. bullanockia gen. nov.) on kingia australis, caliciopsis eucalypti on eucalyptus marginata, celerioriella petrophiles on petrophile teretifolia, coleophoma xanthosiae on xanthosia rotundifolia, coniothyrium hakeae on hakea sp., diatrypella banksiae on banksia for ... | 2016 | 28232766 |
| gut microbiology - broad genetic diversity, yet specific metabolic niches. | analysis of 16s ribosomal rna (rrna)-encoding gene sequences from gut microbial ecosystems reveals bewildering genetic diversity. some metabolic functions, such as glucose utilisation, are fairly widespread throughout the genetic spectrum. others, however, are not. despite so many phylotypes being present, single species or perhaps only two or three species often carry out key functions. among ruminal bacteria, only three species can break down highly structured cellulose, despite the prevalence ... | 2008 | 22443591 |
| ensilage of tropical grasses mixed with legumes and molasses. | the effects of adding two legumes, gliricidia sepium and leucaena leucocephala, cv. cunningham, and molasses on the fermentation characteristics of silages made from two tropical grasses (pangola grass, digitaria decumbens, and setaria sphacelata cv. kazungula) were investigated. pangola grass silages contained significantly higher contents of water-soluble carbohydrates and lactic acid than did setaria silages after 100 days fermentation, but there were no significant differences between the tw ... | 1994 | 24420892 |
| comparison of the formation of nicotinic acid conjugates in leaves of different plant species. | there are three metabolic fates of nicotinic acid in plants: (1) nicotinic acid mononucleotide formation for nad synthesis by the so-called salvage pathway of pyridine nucleotide biosynthesis; (2) nicotinic acid n-glucoside formation; and (3) trigonelline (n-methylnicotinic acid) formation. in the present study, the metabolism of [carbonyl-(14)c]nicotinamide was investigated in leaves of 23 wild plant species. all species readily converted nicotinamide to nicotinic acid, and only a fraction of n ... | 2012 | 22983143 |
| making a bad situation worse: an invasive species altering the balance of interactions between local species. | biological invasions pose a significant threat to biodiversity, especially on oceanic islands. one of the primary explanations for the success of plant invaders is direct suppression of competitors. however, indirect interactions can also be important, although they are often overlooked in studies on biological invasion. the shrub leucaena leucocephala is a widespread island invader with putative allelopathic effects on the germination and growth of other species. we quantified the impact of leu ... | 2016 | 27010846 |
| a carbon-nitrogen lyase from leucaena leucocephala catalyzes the first step of mimosine degradation. | the tree legume leucaena leucocephala contains a large amount of a toxic nonprotein aromatic amino acid, mimosine, and also an enzyme, mimosinase, for mimosine degradation. in this study, we isolated a 1,520-bp complementary dna (cdna) for mimosinase from l. leucocephala and characterized the encoded enzyme for mimosine-degrading activity. the deduced amino acid sequence of the coding region of the cdna was predicted to have a chloroplast transit peptide. the nucleotide sequence, excluding the s ... | 2014 | 24351687 |
| potential of different am fungi (native from as-contaminated and uncontaminated soils) for supporting leucaena leucocephala growth in as-contaminated soil. | arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi inoculation is considered a potential biotechnological tool for an eco-friendly remediation of hazardous contaminants. however, the mechanisms explaining how am fungi attenuate the phytotoxicity of metal(oid)s, in particular arsenic (as), are still not fully understood. the influence of as on plant growth and the antioxidant system was studied in leucaena leucocephala plants inoculated with different isolates of am fungi and exposed to increasing concentrations ... | 2017 | 28214191 |
| native rhizobia from zn mining soil promote the growth of leucaena leucocephala on contaminated soil. | plants on contaminated mining soils often show a reduced growth due to nutrient depletion as well as trace elements (tes) toxicity. since those conditions threat plant's survival, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgprs), such as rhizobia, might be of crucial importance for plant colonization on te-contaminated soils. native rhizobia from mining soils are promising candidates for bioaugmented phytoremediation of those soils as they are adapted to the specific conditions. in this work, rhizob ... | 2017 | 27409290 |
| comparison of the effects of mesquite pod and leucaena extracts with phytoestrogens on the reproductive physiology and sexual behavior in the male rat. | mesquite (prosopis sp.) and leucaena leucocephala are widespread legumes, widely used to feed several livestock species and as food source for human populations in several countries. both mesquite and leucaena contain several phytoestrogens which might have potential estrogenic effects. thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mesquite pod and leucaena extracts on several aspects of behavior and reproductive physiology of the male rat. the effects of the extracts were compared ... | 2016 | 27163522 |
| leucaena sp. recombinant cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase: purification and physicochemical characterization. | cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase is a broad substrate specificity enzyme catalyzing the final step in monolignol biosynthesis, leading to lignin formation in plants. here, we report characterization of a recombinant cad homologue (llcad2) isolated from leucaena leucocephala. llcad2 is 80 kda homo-dimer associated with non-covalent interactions, having substrate preference toward sinapaldehyde with kcat/km of 11.6×10(6) (m(-1) s(-1)), and a possible involvement of histidine at the active site. the ... | 2014 | 24064207 |
| cyclic-β-glucans of rhizobium (sinorhizobium) sp. strain ngr234 are required for hypo-osmotic adaptation, motility, and efficient symbiosis with host plants. | cyclic-β-glucans (cβg) consist of cyclic homo-polymers of glucose that are present in the periplasmic space of many gram-negative bacteria. a number of studies have demonstrated their importance for bacterial infection of plant and animal cells. in this study, a mutant of rhizobium (sinorhizobium) sp. strain ngr234 (ngr234) was generated in the cyclic glucan synthase (ndvb)-encoding gene. the great majority of cβg produced by wild-type ngr234 are negatively charged and substituted. the ndvb muta ... | 2012 | 22583376 |
| mimosine content of leucaena leucocephala and the sensitivity of rhizobium to mimosine. | mimosine was qualitatively and quantitatively estimated from the different parts of leucaena leucocephala strains k-8 and k-67. the amount of mimosine as percentage of dry weight in the two strains were, respectively, as follows: seeds, 6.82, 9.98; old leaves, 1.5, 1.33; young leaves, 2.85, 3.33; main root, 1.13, 1.02; lateral roots, 1.46, 1.17; stems, 0.73, 0.33. rhizobium isolates from l. leucocephala (uas-ll-8, uas-ll-67), mimosa pudica (uas-mp) and prosopis juliflora (uas-pj) formed an effec ... | 1985 | 23195805 |
| biochemical characterization of recombinant cinnamoyl coa reductase 1 (ll-ccrh1) from leucaena leucocephala. | recombinant cinnamoyl coa reductase 1 (ll-ccrh1) protein from leucaena leucocephala was overexpressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) strain and purified to apparent homogeneity. optimum ph for forward and reverse reaction was found to be 6.5 and 7.8 respectively. the enzyme was most stable around ph 6.5 at 25°c for 90 min. the enzyme showed kcat/km for feruloyl, caffeoyl, sinapoyl, coumaroyl coa, coniferaldehyde and sinapaldehyde as 4.6, 2.4, 2.3, 1.7, 1.9 and 1.2 (×10(6) m(-1) s(-1)), respectiv ... | 2013 | 23541561 |
| feeding potential of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) peels ensiled with leucaena leucocephala and gliricidia sepium assessed with west african dwarf goats. | cassava peels (cape) were ensiled in mixtures with gliricidia sepium and leucaena leucocephala, and the utilization of the mixed silages by west african dwarf (wad) goats was assessed. five silages were composed, comprising of 100% ensiled cape (control), cape + g. sepium 2:1 (w/w; 2cgs), cape + g. sepium 1:1 (w/w; cgs), cape + l. leucocephala 2:1 (w/w; 2cll) and cape + l. leucocephala 1:1 (w/w; cll). all diets were supplemented with molasses (40 g/kg) before ensiling which lasted 3 months. fift ... | 2013 | 23397521 |
| functional characterization, homology modeling and docking studies of β-glucosidase responsible for bioactivation of cyanogenic hydroxynitrile glucosides from leucaena leucocephala (subabul). | glycosyl hydrolase family 1 β-glucosidases are important enzymes that serve many diverse functions in plants including defense, whereby hydrolyzing the defensive compounds such as hydroxynitrile glucosides. a hydroxynitrile glucoside cleaving β-glucosidase gene (llbglu1) was isolated from leucaena leucocephala, cloned into pet-28a (+) and expressed in e. coli bl21 (de3) cells. the recombinant enzyme was purified by ni-nta affinity chromatography. the optimal temperature and ph for this β-glucosi ... | 2013 | 23079707 |
| anthelmintic activity of leucaena leucocephala protein extracts on haemonchus contortus. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of protein extracts obtained from the plant leucaena leucocephala on the nematode parasite haemonchus contortus. the seeds, shell and cotyledon of l. leucocephala were separated and their proteins extracted using a sodium phosphate buffer, and named as te (total seed extract), se (shell extract) and ce (cotyledon extract). soluble protein content, protease, protease inhibitory and chitinase activity assays were performed. exsheathment inhib ... | 2015 | 26689178 |
| tropical legume supplementation influences microbial protein synthesis and rumen ecology. | four rumen-fistulated male swamp buffaloes, 5-year-old with initiated live weight at 360 ± 12 kg, were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 latin square design to investigate the effect of feeding high level of dried leucaena leaf (dll) on feed intake, fermentation efficiency and microbial protein synthesis. the dietary treatments were the feeding levels of dll at 0, 2, 4 and 6 kg/head/day. all buffaloes were supplemented with concentrate mixtures at 0.1% of body weight, and rice straw was fed ... | 2016 | 27079697 |
| phenotypic and biochemical characterization of root nodule bacteria naturally associated with woody tree legumes in saudi arabia. | thirty root-nodulating bacteria isolates were obtained from the roots of acacia ampliceps (maslin), a. ehrenbergiana (hayne.), a. saligna (labill.), a. seyal (del.), a. tortilis (forssk.), a. tortilis subsp. raddiana (savi.), leucaena leucocephala (lam.) and vicia faba (l.) trees growing in the riyadh region. the isolates' phenotypic and biochemical properties were characterized by assessing colony appearance, growth rate, resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals, and tolerance to salinity, el ... | 2015 | 25895257 |
| proteomic characterization and schizophyllan production by schizophyllum commune istl04 cultured on leucaena leucocephala wood under submerged fermentation. | in this study schizophyllum commune istl04 was grown on leucaena leucocephala wood (llw) for secretome analysis and schizophyllan production. there is no report on extracellular protein profile and schizophyllan production on woody biomass by this fungus under submerged fermentation conditions. leucaena leucocephala, a promising bioenergy crop having high holocellulose content was used as substrate without pretreatment. the maximum sugar, extracellular protein and exopolysaccharide (eps) product ... | 2017 | 28390274 |
| immobilized lipase from schizophyllum commune istl04 for the production of fatty acids methyl esters from cyanobacterial oil. | novel lipase from model mushroom schizophyllum commune strain istl04 produced by solid state fermentation of leucaena leucocephala seeds, was immobilized onto celite for enzymatic fames production from cyanobacterial endolith leptolyngbya istcy101. the isolate showed vigorous growth and produced remarkable lipase activity of 146.5 u g(-1) dry solid substrate, without any external lipase inducer. single-factor experiments were carried out to study the effects of various reaction parameters on the ... | 2015 | 25670399 |
| a putative 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-coa hydrolase is required for efficient symbiotic nitrogen fixation in sinorhizobium meliloti and sinorhizobium fredii ngr234. | we report that the smb20752 gene of the alfalfa symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti is a novel symbiotic gene required for full n2 -fixation. deletion of smb20752 resulted in lower nitrogenase activity and smaller nodules without impacting overall nodule morphology. orthologs of smb20752 were present in all alpha and beta rhizobia, including the ngr_b20860 gene of sinorhizobium fredii ngr234. a ngr_b20860 mutant formed fix(-) determinate nodules that developed normally to a late stage of the symbios ... | 2017 | 27727485 |
| salt tolerances of some mainland tree species select as through nursery screening. | a study of salt tolerance was carried out on germination, survival and height growth performance of important mesophytic species such as acacia auriculiformis, acacia hybrid, artocarpus heterophyllus, albizia procera, albizia lebbeck, acacia nilotica, achras sapota, casuarina equisetifolaia, emblica officinalis, leucaena leucocephala, samania saman, swetenia macrophylla, terminalia arjuna, tamarindus indica, terminalia bellirica and thespesia populnea in nursery stage using fresh water and salt ... | 2013 | 24502152 |
| [soil labile organic carbon contents and their allocation characteristics under different land uses at dry-hot valley]. | soil organic carbon (soc), readily oxidation organic carbon (roc), microbial biomass carbon (mbc)and dissolved organic carbon (doc) contents and their allocation ratios were comparatively investigated under leucaena leucocephala woodland, acacia auriculiformis woodland, dry cropland and wasteland in dry-hot valley. results showed that soc contents were not significant differences among the four land uses with the range of 4.22-5.19 g x kg(-1). roc contents under l. leucocephala (2.14 g x kg(-1)) ... | 2010 | 20623878 |
| revegetation of lagoon ash using the legume species acacia auriculiformis and leucaena leucocephala. | a greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the potential use of two legume species, acacia auriculiformis and leucaena leucocephala for growth on ameliorated lagoon ash with or without nitrogen (n(2))-fixing bacteria inoculation. even though amendments of 30% (w/w) vermiculite or with sewage sludge compost were added to improve the chemical and physical limitations of lagoon ash, significant suppressions in biomass and plant nutrient content were found with ameliorated lagoon ash in comparison ... | 2000 | 15092915 |
| allelopathic research of subtropical vegetation in taiwan : iii. allelopathic exclusion of understory byleucaena leucocephala (lam.) de wit. | leucaena leucocephala plantations in kaoshu, southern taiwan, exhibit, after several years of growth, a unique pattern of weed exclusion beneathleucaena canopy. the pattern has been observed in manyleucaena plantations in taiwan and is particularly pronounced in the area where a substantial amount ofleucaena litter has accumulated on the ground. field data showed that the phenomenon was primarily not due to physical competition involving light, soil moisture, ph, and nutrients. instead, aqueous ... | 1986 | 24307122 |
| citrate-release-mediated aluminum resistance is coupled to the inducible expression of mitochondrial citrate synthase gene in paraserianthes falcataria. | aluminum (al) resistance in some leguminous plants is achieved by enhanced citrate release from roots. enhancement requires several hours for complete activation and is postulated to involve al-responsive genes or components. we examined the mechanism of al-induced citrate release by studying the relationship between citrate release and expression of the mitochondrial citrate synthase (mcs) gene in three leguminous trees. root elongation in leucaena leucocephala (lam.) de wit was arrested within ... | 2006 | 16452070 |
| trypsin inhibitor from leucaena leucocephala seeds delays and disrupts the development of aedes aegypti, a multiple-disease vector. | nowadays, the aedes aegypti mosquito represents a serious public health issue in view of the large outbreaks of the arboviral diseases zika, dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever. this holometabolous insect has midgut digestive enzymes that are trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteins. protease inhibitors are able to bind to proteolytic enzymes and promote a blockage in digestion and nutrition, leading to death. thus, we investigated the effect of trypsin inhibitor of leucaena leucocephala (lti) s ... | 2017 | 27040615 |
| nutritive value and qualitative assessment of secondary compounds in seeds of eight tropical browse, shrub and pulse legumes. | seeds of four tropical multipurpose trees (albizia saman, albizia lebbeck, albizia rhizonse, leucaena leucocephala), two shrubs (tephrosia candida, tephrosia bracteolata) and two pulse legume (lablab purpureus, canavalia ensiformis) were chemically analysed for dry matter (dm), ash, crude protein (cp), neutral detergent fibre (ndf) and ether extract (ee). qualitative evaluation of secondary metabolites (saponins, phenols, steroids, and alkaloids) was elucidated. the dm, ash, cp, ndf and ee range ... | 2004 | 15560266 |
| effects of tropical high tannin non legume and low tannin legume browse mixtures on fermentation parameters and methanogenesis using gas production technique. | in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the suitability of several mixtures of high tanniniferous non legumes with low tanniniferous legumes on in vitro gas production (ivgp), dry matter degradation, ammonia-n, methane production and microbial population. eight treatments were examined in a randomized complete block design using four non-legumes and two legumes (carallia integerrima×leucaena leucocephala (ll) (trt 1), c. integerrima×gliricidia sepium (gs) (trt 2), aporosa lindeliyana×ll ... | 2012 | 25049496 |