| the ethylene biosynthesis gene citacs4 regulates monoecy/andromonoecy in watermelon (citrullus lanatus). | monoecious and andromonoecious cultivars of watermelon are characterised by the production of male and female flower or male and hermaphrodite flowers, respectively. the segregation analysis in the offspring of crosses between monoecious and andromonoecious lines has demonstrated that this trait is controlled by a single gene pair, being the monoecious allele m semi-dominant to the andromonoecious allele a. the two studied f1 hybrids (ma) had a predominantly monoecious phenotype since both produ ... | 2016 | 27149159 |
| oviposition preferences of pickleworm (lepidoptera: crambidae) in relation to a potential push-pull cropping management approach. | pickleworm, diaphania nitidalis cramer (lepidoptera: crambidae), is a major pest of cucurbits. the current management approach for this pest is weekly insecticide applications. a push-pull cropping approach may be an alternative management practice and could reduce reliance on pesticides. one potential push-pull scenario is the use of squash (cucurbita pepo l.) as a trap crop and watermelon (citrullus lanatus [thunb.] matsum. & nakai) as a deterrent intercrop to manage pickleworm on cantaloupe ( ... | 2016 | 27118111 |
| genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the cltcp transcription factors in citrullus lanatus. | the plant-specific tcp transcription factor family, which is involved in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, performs diverse functions in multiple aspects of plant growth and development. however, no comprehensive analysis of the tcp family in watermelon (citrullus lanatus) has been undertaken previously. | 2016 | 27072931 |
| spatial accumulation pattern of citrulline and other nutrients in immature and mature watermelon fruits. | watermelon (citrullus lanatus l.) originates from arid regions of southern africa, and its fruit contains a large amount of the amino acid citrulline, an efficient hydroxyl radical scavenger. citrulline is implicated in the production of nitric oxide in human endothelium, and potential health benefits including vasodilatation and antioxidant functions have been suggested. however, citrulline metabolism in watermelon fruits is poorly understood. | 2017 | 27060681 |
| identification of the subgenomic promoter of the coat protein gene of cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus and development of a heterologous expression vector. | heterologous gene expression using plant virus vectors enables research on host-virus interactions and the production of useful proteins, but the host range of plant viruses limits the practical applications of such vectors. here, we aimed to develop a viral vector based on cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus (cfmmv), a member of the genus tobamovirus, whose members infect cucurbits. the subgenomic promoter (sgp) in the coat protein (cp) gene, which was used to drive heterologous expression, was ... | 2016 | 26976138 |
| supplementation with watermelon extract reduces total cholesterol and ldl cholesterol in adults with dyslipidemia under the influence of the mthfr c677t polymorphism. | dyslipidemia and genetic polymorphisms are associated with increased risk for developing cardiovascular diseases, and watermelon appears to have the potential to improve hyperlipidemia due to the presence of nutrients such as arginine and citrulline. | 2016 | 26934084 |
| mutation in the gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 4 (citacs4) led to andromonoecy in watermelon. | although it has been reported previously that ethylene plays a critical role in sex determination in cucurbit species, how the andromonoecy that carries both the male and hermaphroditic flowers is determined in watermelon is still unknown. here we showed that the watermelon gene 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 4 (citacs4), expressed specifically in carpel primordia, determines the andromonoecy in watermelon. among four single nucleotide polymorphism (snps) and one indel identified in ... | 2016 | 26839981 |
| antioxidative and antidiabetic activities of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) juice on oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic male wistar albino rats. | the nutritional and medicinal importance of watermelon has been emphasized and its diseases preventive and curative power must be evaluated. hence, this study was designed to evaluate the antioxidative and antidiabetic potentials of watermelon. | 2017 | 26759513 |
| structure, evolution and functional inference on the mildew locus o (mlo) gene family in three cultivated cucurbitaceae spp. | the powdery mildew disease affects thousands of plant species and arguably represents the major fungal threat for many cucurbitaceae crops, including melon (cucumis melo l.), watermelon (citrullus lanatus l.) and zucchini (cucurbita pepo l.). several studies revealed that specific members of the mildew locus o (mlo) gene family act as powdery mildew susceptibility factors. indeed, their inactivation, as the result of gene knock-out or knock-down, is associated with a peculiar form of resistance, ... | 2015 | 26715041 |
| major quantitative trait loci and putative candidate genes for powdery mildew resistance and fruit-related traits revealed by an intraspecific genetic map for watermelon (citrullus lanatus var. lanatus). | an intraspecific genetic map for watermelon was constructed using an f2 population derived from 'arka manik' × 'ts34' and transcript sequence variants and quantitative trait loci (qtl) for resistance to powdery mildew (pmr), seed size (ss), and fruit shape (fs) were analyzed. the map consists of 14 linkage groups (lgs) defined by 174 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (caps), 2 derived-cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers, 20 sequence-characterized amplified regions, and 8 express ... | 2015 | 26700647 |
| novel green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using citrullus lanatus rind and investigation of proteasome inhibitory activity, antibacterial, and antioxidant potential. | biological synthesis of nanoparticles using nontoxic, eco-friendly approaches is gaining importance owing to their fascinating biocompatibility and environmentally benign nature. this study describes the green synthesis approach for synthesis of gold nanoparticles (anps) using aqueous extract of the rind of watermelon as a fruit waste and evaluate its biopotential in terms of proteasome inhibitory activity, antibacterial, and antioxidant potential. the synthesized anps were characterized using u ... | 2015 | 26664116 |
| developmental biology of zeugodacus cucurbitae (diptera: tephritidae) in three cucurbitaceous hosts at different temperature regimes. | fruit flies are key pests of cucurbits in many parts of the world, including tanzania. developmental biology of zeugodacus cucurbitae (coquillett) has been determined across temperature regimes in some cucurbitaceous hosts, in limited geographies. this study was conducted to determine duration and survival rates of immature stages of z. cucurbitae in three cucurbitaceous hosts, at different temperature regimes. it was hypothesized that temperature and cucurbitaceous hosts influence duration and ... | 2015 | 26589874 |
| genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of grafting-responsive mrna in watermelon grafted onto bottle gourd and squash rootstocks by high-throughput sequencing. | grafting is an important agricultural technique widely used to improve plant growth, yield, and adaptation to either biotic or abiotic stresses. however, the molecular mechanisms underlying grafting-induced physiological processes remain unclear. watermelon (citrullus lanatus l.) is an important horticultural crop worldwide. grafting technique is commonly used in watermelon production for improving its tolerance to stresses, especially to the soil-borne fusarium wilt disease. in the present stud ... | 2016 | 26500104 |
| biology of anastrepha grandis (diptera: tephritidae) in different cucurbits. | anastrepha grandis (macquart) (diptera: tephritidae) is one of the main pests of cucurbits in brazil. losses occur due to the damage caused to the fruits and the embargo on exports, as a. grandis is considered a quarantine pest in countries that import brazilian cucurbits. this study aimed to evaluate the development of a. grandis in hosts of the cucurbitaceae family. the hosts used were stem squash (cucurbita pepo l.), squash (cucurbita moschata duchesne), chayote [sechium edule (jacq.) swartz] ... | 2015 | 26470226 |
| surfactant-free green synthesis of fe3o4 nanoparticles capped with 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylcarbamodithioate: stable recyclable magnetic nanoparticles for the rapid and efficient removal of hg(ii) ions from water. | mercury is considered one of the most notorious global pollutants due to its high toxicity and widespread use in industry. although many materials have been developed for the removal of mercury for water purification, most of these materials are difficult to reuse, which may lead to an increase in the mercury handling expense. therefore, new sustainable materials that can be easily recycled and are highly efficient for the removal of mercury are required. herein, we report the surfactant-free gr ... | 2015 | 26436867 |
| bottle gourd rootstock-grafting promotes photosynthesis by regulating the stomata and non-stomata performances in leaves of watermelon seedlings under nacl stress. | previously, we found that the amelioration of photosynthetic capacity by bottle gourd (lagenaria siceraria standl.) rootstock in watermelon seedlings (citrullus lanatus [thunb.] mansf.) with salt treatment might be closely related to the enzymes in calvin cycle such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) (yang et al., 2012). we confirmed this and showed more details in this study that improved photosynthesis of watermelon plants by bottle gourd rootstock was associated with ... | 2015 | 26368284 |
| inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew race 1w in watermelon. | powdery mildew caused by podosphaera xanthii is a major disease of watermelon in israel. in this study, 291 accessions of citrullus spp. were evaluated for resistance against p. xanthii race 1w. only eight accessions exhibited high level of resistance. inheritance of resistance against p. xanthii race 1w was studied by crossing three resistant accession of citrullus lanatus var. citroides biu 119, pi 189225, or pi 482312 with the susceptible cultivar 'malali' or 'sugar baby'. parents, f1, f2, an ... | 2015 | 26267543 |
| rsm based optimized enzyme-assisted extraction of antioxidant phenolics from underutilized watermelon (citrullus lanatus thunb.) rind. | enzyme assisted solvent extraction (ease) of phenolic compounds from watermelon (c. lanatus) rind (wmr) was optimized using response surface methodology (rsm) with rotatable central composite design (rccd). four variables each at five levels i.e. enzyme concentration (ec) 0.5-6.5 %, ph 6-9, temperature (t) 25-75 °c and treatment time (t) 30-90 min, were augmented to get optimal yield of polyphenols with maximum retained antioxidant potential. the polyphenol extracts obtained under optimum condit ... | 2015 | 26243925 |
| configuration of watermelon fruit quality in response to rootstock-mediated harvest maturity and postharvest storage. | the configuration of watermelon fruit quality was analysed in a multi-factorial approach accounting for the effects of grafting, harvest maturity and postharvest storage. diploid, seeded, hybrid cv. pegasus, cultivated as scion on interspecific hybrid squash rootstock tz148 and as non-grafted control, was stored at 25 °c following sequential harvests from the onset of ripening to over-maturity. | 2016 | 26219245 |
| origin and emergence of the sweet dessert watermelon, citrullus lanatus. | watermelons, citrullus species (cucurbitaceae), are native to africa and have been cultivated since ancient times. the fruit flesh of wild watermelons is watery, but typically hard-textured, pale-coloured and bland or bitter. the familiar sweet dessert watermelons, c. lanatus, featuring non-bitter, tender, well-coloured flesh, have a narrow genetic base, suggesting that they originated from a series of selection events in a single ancestral population. the objective of the present investigation ... | 2015 | 26141130 |
| evaluation of appropriate reference genes for gene expression normalization during watermelon fruit development. | gene expression analysis in watermelon (citrullus lanatus) fruit has drawn considerable attention with the availability of genome sequences to understand the regulatory mechanism of fruit development and to improve its quality. real-time quantitative reverse-transcription pcr (qrt-pcr) is a routine technique for gene expression analysis. however, appropriate reference genes for transcript normalization in watermelon fruits have not been well characterized. the aim of this study was to evaluate t ... | 2015 | 26110539 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of cultivated and wild watermelon during fruit development. | watermelon [citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. & nakai] is an important vegetable crop world-wide. watermelon fruit quality is a complex trait determined by various factors such as sugar content, flesh color and flesh texture. fruit quality and developmental process of cultivated and wild watermelon are highly different. to systematically understand the molecular basis of these differences, we compared transcriptome profiles of fruit tissues of cultivated watermelon 97103 and wild watermelon pi2 ... | 2015 | 26079257 |
| molecular cloning, sequence characterization and expression pattern of rab18 gene from watermelon (citrullus lanatus). | the complete mrna sequence of watermelon rab18 gene was amplified through the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) method. the full-length mrna was 1010 bp containing a 645 bp open reading frame, which encodes a protein of 214 amino acids. sequence analysis revealed that watermelon rab18 protein shares high homology with the rab18 of cucumber (99%), muskmelon (98%), morus notabilis (90%), tomato (89%), wine grape (89%) and potato (88%). phylogenetic analysis revealed that watermelon rab18 gen ... | 2015 | 26019638 |
| gastroprotective activity of reconstituted red fruit pulp concentrate of citrullus lanatus in rats. | this study was carried out to evaluate the gastroprotective potential of the aqueous fruit pulp concentrate of citrullus lanatus citroides (clc) on pyloric ligation and indomethacin-induced ulcer in wistar albino rats. | 2017 | 25861146 |
| potential utilization of citrullus lanatus var. colocynthoides waste as a novel source of pectin. | the citrullus lanatus var. colocynthoides is an ancestor type of watermelon. it was investigated as a new source of pectin. it was cultivated in egypt for seeds only, while the remaining fruits are discarded as waste. effect of different extraction conditions such as ph, solid: liquid ratio, temperature and extraction time on pectin yield of citrullus lanatus var. colocynthoides waste was investigated in the present study. the highest yield (19.75 % w/w) was achieved at ph 2, solid: liquid ratio ... | 2015 | 25829625 |
| microsatellite markers linked to the locus of the watermelon fruit stripe pattern. | agronomic performance and external and internal appearance of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) fruit are important traits that should be taken into consideration during the development of a new cultivar, as well as being the principal identification elements used by the consumer, which are based on the external appearance and quality of the fruit. externally, the fruit can be characterized in terms of the shape, the color of the lower rind, and the presence of grooves and stripes, the stripes can ... | 2015 | 25729959 |
| construction of a high-density dartseq snp-based genetic map and identification of genomic regions with segregation distortion in a genetic population derived from a cross between feral and cultivated-type watermelon. | watermelon [citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. & nakai] is an economically important vegetable crop grown extensively worldwide. to facilitate the identification of agronomically important traits and provide new information for genetic and genomic research on this species, a high-density genetic linkage map of watermelon was constructed using an f2 population derived from a cross between elite watermelon cultivar k3 and wild watermelon germplasm pi 189225. based on a sliding window approach, a t ... | 2015 | 25702268 |
| differential gene expression and alternative splicing between diploid and tetraploid watermelon. | the exploitation of synthetic polyploids for producing seedless fruits is well known in watermelon. tetraploid progenitors of triploid watermelon plants, compared with their diploid counterparts, exhibit wide phenotypic differences. although many factors modulate alternative splicing (as) in plants, the effects of autopolyploidization on as are still unknown. in this study, we used tissues of leaf, stem, and fruit of diploid and tetraploid sweet watermelon to understand changes in gene expressio ... | 2015 | 25520388 |
| involvement of ethylene in sex expression and female flower development in watermelon (citrullus lanatus). | although it is known that ethylene has a masculinizing effect on watermelon, the specific role of this hormone in sex expression and flower development has not been analyzed in depth. by using different approaches the present work demonstrates that ethylene regulates differentially two sex-related developmental processes: sexual expression, i.e. the earliness and the number of female flowers per plant, and the development of individual floral buds. ethylene production in the shoot apex as well a ... | 2014 | 25463265 |
| effects of simulated oilfield produced water on early seedling growth after treatment in a pilot-scale constructed wetland system. | seed germination and early seedling growth bioassays were used to evaluate phytotoxicity of simulated oilfield produced water (opw) before and after treatment in a subsurface-flow, pilot-scale constructed wetland treatment system (cwts). responses to untreated and treated opw were compared among seven plant species, including three monocotyledons: corn (zea mays), millet (panicum miliaceum), and sorghum (sorghum bicolor); and four dicotyledons: lettuce (lactuca sativa), okra (abelmoschus esculen ... | 2015 | 25409245 |
| watermelon origin solved with molecular phylogenetics including linnaean material: another example of museomics. | type specimens are permanently preserved biological specimens that fix the usage of species names. this method became widespread from 1935 onwards and is now obligatory. we used dna sequencing of types and more recent collections of wild and cultivated melons to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the genus citrullus and the correct names for its species. we discovered that the type specimen of the name citrullus lanatus, prepared by a linnaean collector in south africa in 1773, is not the s ... | 2015 | 25358433 |
| light affects the chloroplast ultrastructure and post-storage photosynthetic performance of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) plug seedlings. | watermelon [citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. and nakai] plug seedlings were stored at 15°c in the light at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 15 µmol·m(-2)·s(-1) or in darkness for 6 days, to evaluate their chloroplast ultrastructure, and associated photosynthetic characteristics. storage in the dark caused swelling, disordered granal arrangement, and starch grain disappearance in the chloroplasts. in contrast, the chloroplasts stored in the light were relatively normal. as a result, the ... | 2014 | 25340859 |
| effects of l-citrulline diet on stress-induced cold hypersensitivity in mice. | l-citrulline is an amino acid discovered in watermelon (citrullus lanatus, cucurbitaceae) and is a known component of the nitric oxide (no) cycle that plays an important role in adjusting blood circulation and supplying no and a key component of the endothelium-derived relaxing factor. | 2014 | 25276066 |
| high-resolution genetic map for understanding the effect of genome-wide recombination rate on nucleotide diversity in watermelon. | we used genotyping by sequencing to identify a set of 10,480 single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers for constructing a high-resolution genetic map of 1096 cm for watermelon. we assessed the genome-wide variation in recombination rate (gwrr) across the map and found an association between gwrr and genome-wide nucleotide diversity. collinearity between the map and the genome-wide reference sequence for watermelon was studied to identify inconsistency and chromosome rearrangements. we assesse ... | 2014 | 25227227 |
| single nucleotide polymorphisms generated by genotyping by sequencing to characterize genome-wide diversity, linkage disequilibrium, and selective sweeps in cultivated watermelon. | a large single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) dataset was used to analyze genome-wide diversity in a diverse collection of watermelon cultivars representing globally cultivated, watermelon genetic diversity. the marker density required for conducting successful association mapping depends on the extent of linkage disequilibrium (ld) within a population. use of genotyping by sequencing reveals large numbers of snps that in turn generate opportunities in genome-wide association mapping and marker-a ... | 2014 | 25196513 |
| cucurbits depicted in byzantine mosaics from israel, 350-600 ce. | thousands of floor mosaics were produced in lands across the roman and byzantine empires. some mosaics contain depictions of agricultural produce, potentially providing useful information concerning the contemporary presence and popularity of crop plants in a particular geographical region. hundreds of floor mosaics produced in israel during the byzantine period have survived. the objective of the present work was to search these mosaics for cucurbitaceae in order to obtain a more complete pictu ... | 2014 | 24948671 |
| watermelon (citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. and nakai) juice modulates oxidative damage induced by low dose x-ray in mice. | watermelon is a natural product that contains high level of antioxidants and may prevent oxidative damage in tissues due to free radical generation following an exposure to ionizing radiation. the present study aimed to investigate the radioprotective effects of watermelon (citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. and nakai) juice against oxidative damage induced by low dose x-ray exposure in mice. twelve adult male icr mice were randomly divided into two groups consisting of radiation (rx) and supple ... | 2014 | 24877107 |
| characterization of conserved micrornas from five different cucurbit species using computational and experimental analysis. | micrornas (mirnas) are ∼21 nt non-coding small rnas which regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in plants and animals. until recently, only limited numbers of mirnas were identified in cucurbitaceae, a large flowering plant family. in this study, 220 potential mirna candidates were identified from five species of cucurbitaceae family using a comparative genome-based computational analysis. a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of est (expressed sequence tag) and gss (genomi ... | 2014 | 24657600 |
| nutritional composition of the seeds of wild melon (citrullus ecirrhosus). | the proximate, minerals and amino acids contents of wild melon (citrullus ecirrhosus) seeds were determined. the results for proximate analysis (% dw) showed a composition of 3.73 +/- 0.25 moisture, 2.12 +/- 0.08 ash 26.36 +/- 0.10 crude protein, 50.67 +/- 10.76 crude lipid, 2.17 +/- 0.29 crude fibre, 18.69 +/- 0.82 available carbohydrate and energy value of 601.7 +/- 8.75 kcal/100 g. the seeds amino acids profile revealed that for adults but leucine, lysine and threonine are below the requireme ... | 2013 | 24498823 |
| an integrated genetic map based on four mapping populations and quantitative trait loci associated with economically important traits in watermelon (citrullus lanatus). | modern watermelon (citrullus lanatus l.) cultivars share a narrow genetic base due to many years of selection for desirable horticultural qualities. wild subspecies within c. lanatus are important potential sources of novel alleles for watermelon breeding, but successful trait introgression into elite cultivars has had limited success. the application of marker assisted selection (mas) in watermelon is yet to be realized, mainly due to the past lack of high quality genetic maps. recently, a numb ... | 2014 | 24443961 |
| effect of heat treatment around the fruit set region on growth and yield of watermelon [citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. and nakai]. | the present experiment was aimed to study the effect of imposing modulated temperature treatments 14 °c and 18 °c, around the fruiting region of watermelon plants, and to estimate the economic feasibility of the temperature treatments based on energy consumption for heating. watermelon cultivar 'sambok-gul' was selected and sown on perlite beds in a plastic house under controlled conditions at watermelon farm, jeongeup-jeonbuk, longitude 35° 31' 47.51n, 126° 48'48.84e, altitude 37 m during the e ... | 2013 | 24431519 |
| cucurbitane-type triterpenes from citrullus lanatus (watermelon) seeds. | two new cucurbitane-type triterpenes, 24-hydroperoxycucurbita-5,25-dien-3beta-ol (1) and 25-hydroperoxycucurbita-5,23-dien-3beta-ol (2), were isolated from a meoh extract of citrullus lanatus seeds. compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities with ic50 values of 33.4-52.4 microm against hl-60 (human leukemia), p388 (murine leukemia), and l1210 (murine leukemia) cells. compound 1 showed melanogenesis inhibitory activity (melanin content 80.0 %) with low cytotoxicity (cell viability ... | 2013 | 24354176 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of polygalacturonase genes in cucumis sativus and citrullus lanatus. | polygalacturonase (pg, ec3.2.1.15), one of the hydrolytic enzymes associated with the modification of pectin network in plant cell wall, has an important role in various cell-separation processes that are essential for plant development. pgs are encoded by a large gene family in plants. however, information on this gene family in plant development remains limited. in the present study, 53 and 62 putative members of the pg gene family in cucumber and watermelon genomes, respectively, were identif ... | 2014 | 24321876 |
| microwave assisted extraction of pectin from waste citrullus lanatus fruit rinds. | in this present study, microwave-assisted extraction (mae) was applied to extraction of pectin from waste citrullus lanatus fruit rinds. extraction parameters which are employed in this study are microwave power (160-480 w), irradiation time (60-180s), ph (1-2) and solid-liquid ratio (1:10-1: 30 g/ml) and they were optimized using a four factor three levels box-behnken response surface design (bbd) coupled with desirability function methodology. the results showed that, all the process variables ... | 2014 | 24299839 |
| comparative transcriptome profiling of potassium starvation responsiveness in two contrasting watermelon genotypes. | potassium (k) is one of the essential nutrients for crops, and k⁺ deficiency highly restricts crop yield and quality. watermelon [citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. & nakai] is an economically important crop that often suffers from k⁺ deficiency. to elucidate the underlying tolerance mechanism of watermelon to k⁺ deficiency and to improve k efficiency of watermelon and other crops in the future, two watermelon genotypes, namely, ys and 8424, that exhibit contrasting k efficiencies were studied t ... | 2014 | 24185372 |
| influence of acidification, pasteurization, centrifugation and storage time and temperature on watermelon juice quality. | watermelon juice has gained increasing popularity among consumers as a rich natural source of functional compounds such as lycopene and citrulline. however, the final quality of the juice depends significantly on its acidification, pasteurization, centrifugation and storage time and temperature. in this study, these characteristics were assessed in watermelon juice pasteurized at 87.7 °c for 20 s and stored for up to 30 days at 4 or 8 °c. | 2013 | 23907928 |
| medieval iconography of watermelons in mediterranean europe. | the watermelon, citrullus lanatus (cucurbitaceae), is an important fruit vegetable in the warmer regions of the world. watermelons were illustrated in mediterranean antiquity, but not as frequently as some other cucurbits. little is known concerning the watermelons of mediterranean europe during medieval times. with the objective of obtaining an improved understanding of watermelon history and diversity in this region, medieval drawings purportedly of watermelons were collected, examined and com ... | 2013 | 23904443 |
| characterization and chemical composition of fatty acids content of watermelon and muskmelon cultivars in saudi arabia using gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. | the growth in the production of biodiesel, which is principally fatty acid methyl esters (fame), has been phenomenal in the last ten years because of the general desire to cut down on the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, and also as a result of the increasing cost of fossil fuels. | 2013 | 23661995 |
| potential involvement of n-terminal acetylation in the quantitative regulation of the ε subunit of chloroplast atp synthase under drought stress. | in plants, modulation of photosynthetic energy conversion in varying environments is often accompanied by adjustment of the abundance of photosynthetic components. in wild watermelon (citrullus lanatus l.), proteome analysis revealed that the ε subunit of chloroplast atp synthase occurs as two distinct isoforms with largely-different isoelectric points, although encoded by a single gene. mass spectrometry (ms) analysis of the ε isoforms indicated that the structural difference between the ε isof ... | 2013 | 23649264 |
| genome-wide characterization of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family in watermelon (citrullus lanatus). | phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal), the first enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway, plays a critical role in plant growth, development, and adaptation. pal enzymes are encoded by a gene family in plants. here, we report a genome-wide search for pal genes in watermelon. a total of 12 pal genes, designated clpal1-12, are identified . nine are arranged in tandem in two duplication blocks located on chromosomes 4 and 7, and the other three clpal genes are distributed as single copies on chromosomes ... | 2013 | 23546528 |
| anti-hyperglycaemic globulins from selected cucurbitaceae seeds used as antidiabetic medicinal plants in africa. | the recent epidemic of diabetes mellitus (dm) in africa, coupled with rampant poverty, is an indication of the urgent need to develop new efficacious, cheaper and more available drugs to face this growing public health challenge. a number of plants products among which the protein-rich cucurbitaceae seeds are commonly used in traditional medicine with increasing acclaimed efficacy against dm. the aim of this study was to analyse and evaluate the hypoglycaemic activity of storage proteins of five ... | 2013 | 23506532 |
| genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of conserved and novel micrornas in grafted watermelon by high-throughput sequencing. | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of endogenous small non-coding rnas involved in the post-transcriptional gene regulation and play a critical role in plant growth, development and stresses response. however less is known about mirnas involvement in grafting behaviors, especially with the watermelon (citrullus lanatus l.) crop, which is one of the most important agricultural crops worldwide. grafting method is commonly used in watermelon production in attempts to improve its adaptation to abiotic a ... | 2013 | 23468976 |
| a major latex-like protein is a key factor in crop contamination by persistent organic pollutants. | this is the first report, to our knowledge, to reveal important factors by which members of the cucurbitaceae family, such as cucumber (cucumis sativus), watermelon (citrullus lanatus), melon (cucumis melo), pumpkin (cucurbita pepo), squash (c. pepo), and zucchini (c. pepo), are selectively polluted with highly toxic hydrophobic contaminants, including organochlorine insecticides and dioxins. xylem sap of c. pepo ssp. pepo, which is a high accumulator of hydrophobic compounds, solubilized the hy ... | 2013 | 23404917 |
| bottle gourd rootstock-grafting affects nitrogen metabolism in nacl-stressed watermelon leaves and enhances short-term salt tolerance. | the plant growth, nitrogen absorption, and assimilation in watermelon (citrullus lanatus [thunb.] mansf.) were investigated in self-grafted and grafted seedlings using the salt-tolerant bottle gourd rootstock chaofeng kangshengwang (lagenaria siceraria standl.) exposed to 100mm nacl for 3d. the biomass and no3(-) uptake rate were significantly increased by rootstock while these values were remarkably decreased by salt stress. however, compared with self-grafted plants, rootstock-grafted plants s ... | 2013 | 23399406 |
| the draft genome of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) and resequencing of 20 diverse accessions. | watermelon, citrullus lanatus, is an important cucurbit crop grown throughout the world. here we report a high-quality draft genome sequence of the east asia watermelon cultivar 97103 (2n = 2× = 22) containing 23,440 predicted protein-coding genes. comparative genomics analysis provided an evolutionary scenario for the origin of the 11 watermelon chromosomes derived from a 7-chromosome paleohexaploid eudicot ancestor. resequencing of 20 watermelon accessions representing three different c. lanat ... | 2013 | 23179023 |
| phytochemical and in vitro total antioxidant capacity analyses of peel extracts of different cultivars of cucumis melo and citrullus lanatus. | cucumis melo linn. (cucurbitaceae) and citrullus lanatus thunb. (cucurbitaceae) are desert vegetables popular for their nutritional value and year round availability. the pulp and seeds of these plants are used for dietary purposes or as medications for certain ailments in the folk medicinal system. peels of the fruit are either wasted or used as feed of grazing animals. | 2013 | 23153254 |
| ethylene-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species is responsible for the development of watersoaking in immature cucumber fruit. | watersoaking is an ethylene-induced disorder observed in some members of the cucurbitaceae including cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), watermelon (citrullus lanatus thunb. matsum and nakai), and tropical pumpkin (cucurbita moschata duch.). previous studies have found that immature beit-alpha cucumber (cv. manar) exhibit watersoaking after 6d of continuous exposure to 10 μll(-1) ethylene in air (21 kpa o(2)). the present study was designed to investigate the early dynamics of ethylene responses in i ... | 2013 | 22999588 |
| the effects of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) extracts and l-citrulline on rat uterine contractility. | in uterine smooth muscle, the effects of watermelon and its citrulline content are unknown. the aims of this study were therefore, to determine the effects of watermelon extract and citrulline on the myometrium and to investigate their mechanisms of action. the effects of extracts of watermelon flesh and rind and l-citrulline (64 μmol/l) were evaluated on 3 types of contractile activity; spontaneous, those elicited by potassium chloride (kcl) depolarization, or oxytocin (10 nmol/l) application i ... | 2013 | 22991380 |
| citrullus lanatus 'sentinel' (watermelon) extract reduces atherosclerosis in ldl receptor-deficient mice. | watermelon (citrullus lanatus or c. lanatus) has many potentially bioactive compounds including citrulline, which may influence atherosclerosis. in this study, we determined the effects of c. lanatus, provided as an extract of the cultivar 'sentinel,' on hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis in mice. male low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice at 8 weeks old were given either c. lanatus 'sentinel' extract (2% vol/vol; n=10) or a mixture of matching carbohydrates (2% vol/vol; n=8) ... | 2013 | 22902326 |
| comparative mapping in watermelon [citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. et nakai]. | the first single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) maps for watermelon [citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. et nakai] were constructed and compared. three populations were developed from crosses between two elite cultivars, klondike black seeded × new hampshire midget (kbs × nhm), an elite cultivar and wild egusi accession, strain ii × pi 560023 (sii × egusi) and an elite cultivar and a wild citron accession, zwrm50 × pi 244019 (zwrm × citroides). the sii × egusi and zwrm × citroides f(2) populations ... | 2012 | 22875176 |
| characterization of the small rna component of leaves and fruits from four different cucurbit species. | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of non-coding small rnas involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression critical for plant growth and development, stress responses and other diverse biological processes in plants. the cucurbitaceae or cucurbit family represents some of economically important species, particularly those with edible and medicinal fruits. genomic tools for the molecular analysis of members of this family are just emerging. partial draft genome sequence became availab ... | 2012 | 22823569 |
| proteomic study participating the enhancement of growth and salt tolerance of bottle gourd rootstock-grafted watermelon seedlings. | an insertion grafting technique to do research on salt tolerance was applied using watermelon (citrullus lanatus [thunb.] mansf. cv. xiuli) as a scion and bottle gourd (lagenaria siceraria standl. cv. chaofeng kangshengwang) as a rootstock. rootstock-grafting significantly relieved the inhibition of growth and photosynthesis induced by salt stress in watermelon plants. proteomic analysis revealed 40 different expressed proteins in response to rootstock-grafting and/or salt stress. these proteins ... | 2012 | 22771436 |
| lycopene content, antioxidant capacity and colour attributes of selected watermelon (citrullus lanatus (thunb.) mansfeld) cultivars grown in india. | the present investigation reports variability in lycopene, ascorbic acid, total phenolics, antioxidant capacity and colour attributes of 12 watermelon cultivars grown in india. antioxidant capacity was evaluated using four in vitro assays, namely ferric reducing antioxidant power, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl. among watermelon cultivars, significant differences (p < 0.05) were found with respect to lycopene conten ... | 2012 | 22716946 |
| cucurbitacin l 2-o-β-glucoside demonstrates apoptogenesis in colon adenocarcinoma cells (ht-29): involvement of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species regulation. | emerging evidence suggests that reactive oxygen (ros) and nitrogen (rns) species can contribute to diverse signalling pathways of inflammatory and tumour cells. cucurbitacins are a group of highly oxygenated triterpenes. many plants used in folk medicine to treat cancer have been found to contain cucurbitacins displaying potentially important anti-inflammatory actions. the current study was designed to investigate the anti-ros and -rns effects of cucurbitacin l 2-o-β-glucoside (clg) and the role ... | 2012 | 22685485 |
| medieval emergence of sweet melons, cucumis melo (cucurbitaceae). | sweet melons, cucumis melo, are a widely grown and highly prized crop. while melons were familiar in antiquity, they were grown mostly for use of the young fruits, which are similar in appearance and taste to cucumbers, c. sativus. the time and place of emergence of sweet melons is obscure, but they are generally thought to have reached europe from the east near the end of the 15th century. the objective of the present work was to determine where and when truly sweet melons were first developed. | 2012 | 22648880 |
| accumulation of weathered pp'-dde in xylem sap of grafted watermelon. | movement of weathered p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (p,p'-dde) from contaminated soil to the rhizosphere pore water to the xylem sap of grafted watermelon was studied under green house conditions. p,p'-dde concentrations in pore water and xylem sap was compared in intact plants, homografted, and compatible heterografts of cucurbita pepo spp. pepo and citrullus lanatus plants. an average p,p'-dde concentrations in pore water of contaminated soil ranged from 0.36 microg/l to 0.55 microg/l an ... | 2012 | 22567720 |
| combining ability analysis in complete diallel cross of watermelon (citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. & nakai). | the experiments were carried out in two research stations (mardi bukit tangga, kedah, and mardi seberang perai, penang) in malaysia. the crossings were performed using the four inbred lines in complete diallel cross including selfs and reciprocals. we evaluated the yield components and fruit characters such as fruit yield per plant, vine length, days to fruit maturity, fruit weight, total soluble solid content, and rind thickness over a period of two planting seasons. general combining ability a ... | 2012 | 22566772 |
| a high resolution genetic map anchoring scaffolds of the sequenced watermelon genome. | as part of our ongoing efforts to sequence and map the watermelon (citrullus spp.) genome, we have constructed a high density genetic linkage map. the map positioned 234 watermelon genome sequence scaffolds (an average size of 1.41 mb) that cover about 330 mb and account for 93.5% of the 353 mb of the assembled genomic sequences of the elite chinese watermelon line 97103 (citrullus lanatus var. lanatus). the genetic map was constructed using an f(8) population of 103 recombinant inbred lines (ri ... | 2012 | 22247776 |
| accumulation of weathered p,p'-ddts in grafted watermelon. | the grafting of melon plants onto cucurbit rootstocks is a common commercial practice in many parts of the world. however, certain cucurbits have been shown to accumulate large quantities of weathered persistent organic pollutants from the soil, and the potential contamination of grafted produce has not been thoroughly evaluated. large pot and field experiments were conducted to assess the effect of grafting on accumulation of weathered ddx (the sum of p,p'-ddt, p,p'-ddd, and p,p'-dde) from soil ... | 2012 | 22224752 |
| purification and partial characterization of low molecular weight vicilin-like glycoprotein from the seeds of citrullus lanatus. | the watermelon (citrullus lanatus) seeds are highly nutritive and contain large amount of proteins and many beneficial minerals such as magnesium, calcium, potassium, iron, phosphorous, zinc etc. in various parts of the world, c. lanatus seed extracts are used to cure cancer, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and blood pressure. c. lanatus seed extracts are also used as home remedy for edema and urinary tract problems. in this study, we isolated protein fraction of c. lanatus seeds using va ... | 2011 | 21989589 |
| expression analysis of β-glucosidase genes that regulate abscisic acid homeostasis during watermelon (citrullus lanatus) development and under stress conditions. | the aim of this study was to obtain new insights into the mechanisms that regulate endogenous abscisic acid (aba) levels by β-glucosidase genes during the development of watermelons (citrullus lanatus) and under drought stress conditions. in total, five cdnas from watermelons were cloned by using reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr). they included three cdnas (clbg1, clbg2 and clbg3) homologous to those that encode β-glucosidase l that hydrolyzes the aba glucose ester (aba-ge) to release active ab ... | 2012 | 21940067 |
| characterization of transcriptome dynamics during watermelon fruit development: sequencing, assembly, annotation and gene expression profiles. | cultivated watermelon [citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. & nakai var. lanatus] is an important agriculture crop world-wide. the fruit of watermelon undergoes distinct stages of development with dramatic changes in its size, color, sweetness, texture and aroma. in order to better understand the genetic and molecular basis of these changes and significantly expand the watermelon transcript catalog, we have selected four critical stages of watermelon fruit development and used roche/454 next-gener ... | 2011 | 21936920 |
| anti-inflammatory activities of cucurbitacin e isolated from citrullus lanatus var. citroides: role of reactive nitrogen species and cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibition. | the in vivo and in vitro mechanistic anti-inflammatory actions of cucurbitacin e (ce) (citrullus lanatus var. citroides) were examined. the results showed that lps/inf-γ increased no production in raw264.7 macrophages, whereas l-name and ce curtailed it. ce did not reveal any cytotoxicity on raw264.7 and wrl-68 cells. ce inhibited both cox enzymes with more selectivity toward cox-2. intraperitoneal injection of ce significantly suppressed carrageenan-induced rat's paw edema. orac and frap assays ... | 2011 | 21871542 |
| determination of the melon chloroplast and mitochondrial genome sequences reveals that the largest reported mitochondrial genome in plants contains a significant amount of dna having a nuclear origin. | the melon belongs to the cucurbitaceae family, whose economic importance among vegetable crops is second only to solanaceae. the melon has a small genome size (454 mb), which makes it suitable for molecular and genetic studies. despite similar nuclear and chloroplast genome sizes, cucurbits show great variation when their mitochondrial genomes are compared. the melon possesses the largest plant mitochondrial genome, as much as eight times larger than that of other cucurbits. | 2011 | 21854637 |
| discovery of second gene for solid dark green versus light green rind pattern in watermelon. | the watermelon (citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. & nakai var. lanatus) has high variability for fruit size, shape, rind pattern, and flesh color. this study was designed to measure the qualitative inheritance of rind phenotypes (solid dark green vs. light green). for each of the 2 families, "mountain hoosier" × "minilee" and "early arizona" × "minilee," 6 generations (p(a)s(1), p(b)s(1), f(1), f(2), bc(1)p(a), bc(1)p(b)) were developed. each family was tested in summer 2008 in 3 environments i ... | 2011 | 21566001 |
| dynamic changes in the leaf proteome of a c3 xerophyte, citrullus lanatus (wild watermelon), in response to water deficit. | wild watermelon (citrullus lanatus) is a xerophyte native to the kalahari desert, africa. to better understand the molecular mechanisms of drought resistance in this plant, we examined changes in the proteome in response to water deficit. wild watermelon leaves showed decreased transpiration and a concomitant increase in leaf temperature under water deficit conditions. comparison of the proteome of stressed plants with that of unstressed plants by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed tha ... | 2011 | 21259065 |
| muskmelon embryo rescue techniques using in vitro embryo culture. | among the major cucurbit vegetables, melon (cucumis melo) has one of the greatest polymorphic fruit types and botanical varieties. some melon fruits have excellent aroma, variety of flesh colors, deeper flavor, and more juice compared to other cucurbits. despite numerous available melon cultivars, some of them are exceedingly susceptible to several diseases. the genetic background carrying the genes for tolerance and/or resistance for those diseases is found in wild melon landraces. unfortunatel ... | 2011 | 21207265 |
| chemical inhibitors of viviparous germination in the fruit of watermelon. | it is well known that the seeds of watermelon [citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum and nakai] have a high potential to germinate when the fruit has ripened. when removed from the mature fruit, the seeds can germinate under appropriate conditions. however, it is unclear why they cannot germinate in the flesh of the fruit. here, we show that cis-aba and its β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (aba-β-ge) accumulate in the flesh of the fruit at levels high enough to inhibit seed germination. this result indicate ... | 2010 | 20630986 |
| insights into the evolution of mitochondrial genome size from complete sequences of citrullus lanatus and cucurbita pepo (cucurbitaceae). | the mitochondrial genomes of seed plants are unusually large and vary in size by at least an order of magnitude. much of this variation occurs within a single family, the cucurbitaceae, whose genomes range from an estimated 390 to 2,900 kb in size. we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of citrullus lanatus (watermelon: 379,236 nt) and cucurbita pepo (zucchini: 982,833 nt)--the two smallest characterized cucurbit mitochondrial genomes--and determined their rna editing content. the relatively com ... | 2010 | 20118192 |
| sucrose accumulation in watermelon fruits: genetic variation and biochemical analysis. | sugar accumulation, the key process determining fruit quality, is controlled by both the translocation of sugars and their metabolism in developing fruits. sugar composition in watermelon, as in all cucurbit fruits, includes sucrose, fructose and glucose. the proportions of these three sugars are determined primarily by three enzyme families: invertases, sucrose synthases (susys) and sucrose phosphate synthases (spss). the goal of the present research was to explore the process of sugar metaboli ... | 2010 | 20036442 |
| carotenoid content and in vitro bioaccessibility of lycopene from guava (psidium guajava) and watermelon (citrullus lanatus) by high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detection. | the carotenoid content and in vitro accessibility of the 'sugar baby' variety of watermelon and the 'horana red' variety of guava from sri lanka was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. the high-performance liquid chromatography chromatogram showed that the guava 'horana red' variety contained almost exclusively lycopene (45.3 +/- 8.0 microg/g fresh weight (fw)), with a small amount of lutein (2.1 +/- 0.6 microg/g fw), beta-carotene (2.0 +/- 0.2 microg/g fw) and beta-cryptoxa ... | 2009 | 19817635 |
| [analysis of the level and pattern of genomic dna methylation in different ploidy watermelons by msap (citrullus lanatus)]. | dna methylation is one of the major epigenetic modifications. it is very important to the regulation of gene expression. in present study, an autoploidy series (2x, 3x and 4x) in watermelon (citrullus lanatus) was constructed and msap (methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism) analysis was conducted to elucidate the level and pattern of dna methylation at ccgg sites in different ploidy watermelons. totally, 1883 genetic loci were produced by 23 pairs of selective primers, of which 647, 6 ... | 2009 | 19537195 |
| the cucurbitaceae and solanaceae illustrated in medieval manuscripts known as the tacuinum sanitatis. | beginning in the last two decades of the 14th century, richly illuminated versions of the tacuinum sanitatis, the latin translation of an 11th-century arabic manuscript known as taqwim al-sihha bi al-ashab al-sitta, were produced in northern italy. these illustrated manuscripts provide a window on late medieval life in that region by containing some 200 full-page illustrations, many of which vividly depict the harvest of vegetables, fruits, flowers, grains, aromatics and medicinal plants. our ob ... | 2009 | 19318382 |
| mechanisms of action and dose-response relationships governing biological control of fusarium wilt of tomato by nonpathogenic fusarium spp. | abstract three isolates of nonpathogenic fusarium spp. (cs-1, cs-20, and fo47), previously shown to reduce the incidence of fusarium wilt diseases of multiple crops, were evaluated to determine their mechanisms of action and antagonist-pathogen inoculum density relationships. competition for nutrients, as represented by a reduction in pathogen saprophytic growth in the presence of the biocontrol isolates, was observed to be an important mechanism of action for isolate fo47, but not for isolates ... | 1999 | 18944639 |
| quality evaluation and prediction of citrullus lanatus by 1h nmr-based metabolomics and multivariate analysis. | (1)h nmr spectrometry in combination with multivariate analysis was considered to provide greater information on quality assessment over an ordinary sensory testing method due to its high reliability and high accuracy. the sensory quality evaluation of watermelon (citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. & nakai) was carried out by means of (1)h nmr-based metabolomics. multivariate analyses by partial least-squares projections to latent structures-discrimination analysis (pls-da) and pls-regression of ... | 2008 | 18588311 |
| gene expression in developing watermelon fruit. | cultivated watermelon form large fruits that are highly variable in size, shape, color, and content, yet have extremely narrow genetic diversity. whereas a plethora of genes involved in cell wall metabolism, ethylene biosynthesis, fruit softening, and secondary metabolism during fruit development and ripening have been identified in other plant species, little is known of the genes involved in these processes in watermelon. a microarray and quantitative real-time pcr-based study was conducted in ... | 2008 | 18534026 |
| analysis of erythritol in foods by polyclonal antibody-based indirect competitive elisa. | sugar alcohols are widely used as food additives and drug excipients. erythritol (ins 968) is an important four-carbon sugar alcohol in the food industry. erythritol occurs naturally in certain fruits, vegetables, and fermented foods. currently, hplc and gc methods are in use for the quantification of erythritol in natural/processed foods. however, an immunoassay for erythritol has not been developed so far. we have utilized affinity-purified erythritol-specific antibodies generated earlier [9] ... | 2008 | 18369603 |
| programmed proteome response for drought avoidance/tolerance in the root of a c(3) xerophyte (wild watermelon) under water deficits. | water availability is a critical determinant for the growth and ecological distribution of terrestrial plants. although some xerophytes are unique regarding their highly developed root architecture and the successful adaptation to arid environments, virtually nothing is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this adaptation. here, we report physiological and molecular responses of wild watermelon (citrullus lanatus sp.), which exhibits extraordinarily high drought resistance. at the ear ... | 2008 | 18178965 |
| field captures of wild melon fly (diptera: tephritidae) with an improved male attractant, raspberry ketone formate. | field-trapping evaluations of the new male attractant, formic acid 4-(3-oxobutyl) phenyl ester (raspberry ketone formate [rkf]) were conducted in hawaii with wild populations of melon flies, bactrocera cucurbitae coquillett (diptera: tephritidae), to determine its activity in the field and to evaluate new plastic matrix formulations. all tests were compared with the standard melon fly attractant 4-(4-acetoxyphenyl) -2-butanone (cuelure [cl]), which is the attractant of choice for detection progr ... | 2007 | 17849860 |
| peroxisomal membrane manganese superoxide dismutase: characterization of the isozyme from watermelon (citrullus lanatus schrad.) cotyledons. | in this work the manganese superoxide dismutase (mn-sod) bound to peroxisomal membranes of watermelon cotyledons (citrullus lanatus schrad.) was purified to homogeneity and some of its molecular properties were determined. the stepwise purification procedure consisted of ammonium sulphate fractionation, batch anion-exchange chromatography, and anion-exchange and gel-filtration column chromatography using a fast protein liquid chromatography system. peroxisomal membrane mn-sod (permn-sod; ec 1.15 ... | 2007 | 17545229 |
| analysis of gamma-irradiated melon, pumpkin, and sunflower seeds by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | seeds of melon (citrullus lanatus var. sp.), pumpkin (cucurbita moschata), and sunflower (heliantus annus) were gamma-irradiated at 1, 3, 5, and 10 kgy and analyzed by electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) according to en1787:2000 and en1785:2003, respectively. distinguishable triplet signals due to the presence of induced cellulose radicals were found at 2.0010-2.0047 g in the epr spectra. the gamma-irradiated radiolytic markers of 2-dodecylcyclo ... | 2006 | 16968077 |
| spatial pattern and sequential sampling of squash bug (heteroptera: coreidae) adults in watermelon. | spatial distribution patterns of adult squash bugs were determined in watermelon, citrullus lanatus (thunberg) matsumura and nakai, during 2001 and 2002. results of analysis using taylor's power law regression model indicated that squash bugs were aggregated in watermelon. taylor's power law provided a good fit with r2 = 0.94. a fixed precision sequential sampling plan was developed for estimating adult squash bug density at fixed precision levels in watermelon. the plan was tested using a resam ... | 2006 | 16686160 |
| construction of a watermelon bac library and identification of ssrs anchored to melon or arabidopsis genomes. | a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library was constructed for watermelon (citrullus lanatus (thunb.) matsum. & nakai var. lanatus) with an average insert-size of 106 kb, providing 21 haploid genome equivalents. the library was used to identify bac clones that are anchored to probes evenly distributed on the genomes of melon or arabidopsis. twenty eight probes (representing 66% of the tested probes) from melon and 30 probes (65%) from arabidopsis identified positive bac clones. two methods ... | 2006 | 16604337 |
| molecular phylogeny of cucumis species as revealed by consensus chloroplast ssr marker length and sequence variation. | to investigate phylogenetic relationships in the genus cucumis, 9 consensus chloroplast simple sequence repeat (ccssr) primer pairs (ccssr3, 9, 11, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, and 23) were employed for dna fragment length variation and 5 amplified fragments, ccssr4, 12, 13, 19, and 20, were sequenced using total dna from 13 accessions representing 7 african cucumis species (x = 12), 3 cucumis melo l. (x = 12) accessions, 2 cucumis sativus l. (x = 7) accessions, and 1 cucumis hystrix chakr. (x = 12) acce ... | 2006 | 16604104 |
| the cucurbit images (1515-1518) of the villa farnesina, rome. | the gorgeous frescoes organized by the master renaissance painter raphael sanzio (1483-1520) and illustrating the heavenly adventures of cupid and psyche were painted between 1515 and 1518 to decorate the roman villa (now known as the villa farnesina) of the wealthy sienese banker agostino chigi (1466-1520). surrounding these paintings are festoons of fruits, vegetables and flowers painted by giovanni martini da udine (1487-1564), which include over 170 species of plants. a deconstruction and co ... | 2006 | 16314340 |
| induction of water-soaking deterioration in watermelon fruit by ethylene. | watermelon (citrullus lanatus thunb. mansfeld) fruit were held in 50 microl/l of ethylene at 20 degrees c following 18 h application with 5 microl/l of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-mcp) to investigate the involvement of ethylene in the regulation of water-soaking. the early responses of watermelon fruit to ethylene were increased electrolyte leakage and free juice content, accompanying softening and water-soaking of placental tissue. early evidence of water-soaking appeared in the inner pericarp near ... | 2004 | 15599024 |
| sequence variation at cpdna regions of watermelon and related wild species: implications for the evolution of citrullus haplotypes. | sequencing analysis of one coding and four noncoding cpdna regions was conducted to infer biogeographic and evolutionary relationships in the genus citrullus. eighteen taxa from diverse geographical areas were included. a low number of parsimony informative characters (1.1%) was observed at the ∼4 kb section of cpdna. variability within citrullus was detected primarily at noncoding regions of high a + t content. substitution rates varied from 0-0.48% for ndhf with a + t content of 68.4% to 0.39- ... | 2004 | 21652338 |
| a pisum sativum glyoxysomal malate dehydrogenase induced by cadmium exposure. | the glyoxysomal malate dehydrogenase (gmdh) catalyses the formation of oxaloacetate from malate during beta-oxidation of fatty acids in the glyoxysome. a partial pisum sativum l. (cv. greenfeast) cdna was first isolated from a suppression subtractive hybridisation cdna library obtained from heavy metal stressed plants. the full length cdna was then isolated by rapid amplification of cdna ends. the translated sequence showed strong similarity to cucumis sativus and citrullus lanatus gmdh includin ... | 2004 | 15497444 |
| potent hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity of drought-induced type-2 metallothionein in wild watermelon. | wild watermelon (citrullus lanatus sp.) has the ability to tolerate severe drought/high light stress conditions despite carrying out normal c3-type photosynthesis. here, mrna differential display was employed to isolate drought-responsive genes in the leaves of wild watermelon. one of the isolated genes, clmt2, shared significant homology with type-2 metallothionein (mt) sequences from other plants. the second-order rate constant for the reaction between a recombinant clmt2 protein and hydroxyl ... | 2004 | 15351703 |
| inheritance of egusi seed type in watermelon. | an unusual seed mutant in watermelon (citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) has seeds with a fleshy pericarp, commonly called egusi seeds. the origin of the phenotype is unknown, but it is widely cultivated in nigeria for the high protein and carbohydrate content of the edible seeds. egusi seeds have a thick, fleshy pericarp that appears during the second to third week of fruit development. we studied the inheritance of this phenotype in crosses of normal seeded charleston gray and calhoun gray with t ... | 2006 | 15220396 |