| a dna probe for the detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | a genomic library of dna extracted from mycobacterium paratuberculosis was constructed in the expression vector lambda gt 11. the library was screened by plaque hybridization with labelled m. paratuberculosis genomic dna as probe. strongly hybridizing plaques were isolated and their dna extracted and characterised for m. paratuberculosis specificity by hybridization to dna from other mycobacteriaceae. a clone was obtained which was specific for m. paratuberculosis. dna from this clone could dete ... | 1991 | 2024441 |
| gen-probe rapid diagnostic system for the mycobacterium avium complex does not distinguish between mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | three reference and 16 field strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis were tested with the gen-probe mycobacterium avium complex dna probe (gen-probe inc., san diego, calif.). all reference strains and 12 of 16 field strains gave positive hybridization results with the probe. this study shows that the m. avium complex probe does not distinguish between m. avium and m. paratuberculosis and indicates heterogeneity in the 16s rrna gene of m. paratuberculosis. | 1991 | 2037681 |
| antibody reactivities of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infected sheep as analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. | antibody reactivities in sera from mycobacterium paratuberculosis (m. ptb) infected and vaccinated sheep were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western (immuno)blotting using a sonicate antigen from m. ptb. both methods allowed good differentiation between infected/vaccinated animals and noninfected controls. removal of nonspecific crossreactive antibodies by absorption with a m. phlei sonicate antigen coupled to sepharose reduced elisa reactivities of positive sera by 50 ... | 1991 | 2040422 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis monoassociated nude mice as a paratuberculosis model. | in this study, a paratuberculosis (johne's disease) model was developed by intragastrically dosing gnotobiotic athymic nude mice with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. the mice infrequently shed bacilli from their intestinal tracts during the first 4 months after inoculation. following this time, increasing numbers of m. paratuberculosis (greater than 4.0 log10 bacilli per fecal pellet by 40 weeks) were recovered from the feces of the 12 mice that remained in the isolator. a similar pattern of rec ... | 1991 | 2063515 |
| associations between dairy production indices and lipoarabinomannan enzyme-immunoassay results for paratuberculosis. | data from an epidemiological study in ontario, involving 304 dairy herds, were used to identify associations between selected production indices and lipoarabinomannan antigen serological test results for paratuberculosis (lam-elisa). analyses were conducted at both the herd and individual cow levels of organization. after analytically controlling for management and cow factors in the respective regression models, positive serological paratuberculosis status (as defined by the lam-elisa test), wa ... | 1991 | 1790492 |
| chromatographic purification and characterization of antigens a and d from mycobacterium paratuberculosis and their use in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of paratuberculosis in sheep. | the protein antigens a and d were purified from culture filtrates and sonic extracts of laboratory strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by salt precipitation and chromatography. the characterization of antigen a is shown here, and both antigens were evaluated along with lipoarabinomannan antigen in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) for the serodiagnosis of ovine paratuberculosis. after anion-exchange (deae-5pw) and hydrophobic (phenyl-5pw) chromatography using high-perform ... | 1991 | 1761688 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis antigen d: characterization and evidence that it is a bacterioferritin. | by using a combination of agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, mycobacterium paratuberculosis antigen d was resolved from a crude sonicated preparation of the organism and characterized as a component with a molecular mass of approximately 400,000 da. while this component was composed mainly of protein, with unusually high proportions of glutamic acid and leucine, it was resistant to digestion with a number of proteolytic enzymes. structural detail revealed by electron microscopy, ami ... | 1991 | 1761687 |
| gas chromatographic characterization of the relationship between some mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium paratuberculosis strains. | mycobacterium avium strain p-55 and m. avium strain dent differ from m. avium strain 16909-338 on the basis of their fatty acid spectra (c14:0, c18:0 and tuberculostearic [tbs] acids) studied by multivariate statistical analyses. strains p-55 and dent are closer to m. paratuberculosis strain 5889 than to m. avium strain 16909-338, a finding which is in harmony with earlier immunological observations. the recently isolated m. paratuberculosis strain 385 has proved different from m. paratuberculos ... | 1990 | 2099604 |
| treatment of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in ruminants. | paratuberculosis is a chronic, debilitating, fatal condition that usually is clinically undetectable until the onset of copious diarrhea. paratuberculosis is caused by an acid-fast organism, m. paratuberculosis. successful eradication of paratuberculosis depends on the early detection of infected animals, thereby allowing removal of carrier animals from the herd. treatment for paratuberculosis is therefore rarely indicated or undertaken; however, treatment may be considered for animals of except ... | 1991 | 1760762 |
| comparison of the complement-fixation and agar gel immunodiffusion tests for diagnosis of subclinical bovine paratuberculosis. | the performance of the serum complement fixation (cf) test was compared with that of a serum agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) test on 74 subclinically infected and 154 uninfected cattle in 6 commercial midwestern dairy herds with mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection and on 30 cattle in a herd that was free of infection. infection status of cattle within herds was established by performance of a series of 3 or more fecal cultures and of ileocecal lymph node cultures of culled cattle. in cattle ... | 1990 | 2107777 |
| lysis and fractionation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and escherichia coli by matrix solid-phase dispersion. | a novel method for the lysis and subsequent fractionation of bacterial constituents from mycobacterium paratuberculosis strain 19698 (m. paratuberculosis) and escherichia coli strain dh5 alpha utilizing the technique of matrix solid-phase dispersion (mspd) is described. bacteria were blended with octadecylsilyl (c18) derivatized silica to obtain cellular lysis. the blended material was used to prepare a column which was sequentially eluted with solvents of increasing polarity. fractionation of c ... | 1991 | 1750667 |
| t-cellular immune reactions (in macrophage inhibition factor assay) against mycobacterium paratuberculosis, mycobacterium kansasii, mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium avium in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease. | a mycobacterial aetiology has been suggested for crohn's disease. a slow growing mycobacterium, biochemically and genetically identical to m paratuberculosis, the causative agent of enteritis in ruminants (johne's disease), has been isolated from gut specimens of patients affected by crohn's disease. if m paratuberculosis or other mycobacteria play a role in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease, then patients may have been sensitised to these mycobacteria or show an anergy immune reaction. we the ... | 1990 | 2112502 |
| antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis in patients with crohn's disease. | igg antibodies against mycobacterium paratuberculosis protoplasmic antigen were looked for by an enzyme immunosorbent assay in patients with crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, active pulmonary tuberculosis, past pulmonary tuberculosis, and in healthy controls. serum reactivity for these antibodies was not correlated to ppd skin test positivity without history of mycobacterial disease. a cutoff based on the mean absorbance value of a pool of healthy blood donors was chosen. positive values were ... | 1991 | 1748044 |
| mucosal cell-mediated immunity to mycobacterial, enterobacterial and other microbial antigens in inflammatory bowel disease. | culture studies have suggested that mycobacterium paratuberculosis may play a role in the aetiology of crohn's disease. however, evidence of sensitization to mycobacterial antigens amongst patients with crohn's disease has not yet been adequately demonstrated. previous studies of cell-mediated immunity (cmi) in crohn's disease were restricted to responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) to mycobacterial antigens. in this study we have investigated the proliferative responses of both ... | 1992 | 1735186 |
| identification of two groups of mycobacterium paratuberculosis strains by restriction endonuclease analysis and dna hybridization. | genomic dna was prepared from four reference strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and 46 isolates of this organism from new zealand, australia, canada, and norway and also from two mycobactin-dependent "wood pigeon" strains. the dna was characterized by restriction endonuclease analysis, both with and without dna hybridization, with a probe specific to a repetitive dna sequence in m. paratuberculosis. both techniques differentiated m. paratuberculosis strains into two groups, but dna hybrid ... | 1990 | 2166089 |
| molecular biology of crohn's disease mycobacteria. | a glasgow surgeon, t.k. dalziel, published a detailed description of chronic enteritis in humans in 1913. he proposed that the disease was caused by the same organisms as those responsible for chronic enteritis, johne's disease, in animals described a few years earlier (1895). dalziel's dilemma was that he could see acid-fast bacilli in the diseased animal tissues but not in the diseased human tissues. little real progress in the medical understanding of the causes of chronic enteritis in humans ... | 1990 | 2169929 |
| discovery of an insertion sequence, is116, from streptomyces clavuligerus and its relatedness to other transposable elements from actinomycetes. | we have identified an insertion sequence, is116, present in streptomyces clavuligerus at one copy per genome. the element was discovered as a 1.4 kb insertion into the multicopy plasmid pij702 after propagation in s. clavuligerus. the nucleotide sequence of is116 and the flanking sequences from pij702 have been determined. the junctions with pij702 show no target site duplication and there are no inverted repeats at the ends of the element. one putative coding open reading frame of 1197 bp was i ... | 1990 | 1700062 |
| protein g-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for anti-mpb70 antibodies in bovine tuberculosis. | mpb70 is a highly species specific protein which is secreted from mycobacterium bovis during culture. to investigate whether antibodies against mpb70 can be used as an indicator of infection with m. bovis, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed, based on the use of biotinylated protein g, to provide a common indicator for antibody formation in different species. during experimental infection with m. bovis in cattle, a characteristic pattern of anti-mpb70 antibody production was obser ... | 1990 | 2191012 |
| preliminary observations on ovine paratuberculosis (johne's disease) in zambia. | in an imported flock of sheep from south africa, an ewe became partially anorexic and gradually losing weight and conditions. the paratuberculosis (johne's disease) was confirmed on clinical, faecal and histopathological examination. cultural examination remained doubtful. serological investigation of other sheep in the flock and at other farm reacted to antibodies of mycobacterium paratuberculosis on complement fixation test. the study suggests that the disease is actively spreading. this is th ... | 1990 | 2218037 |
| characterization of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and "wood-pigeon" mycobacteria by isoenzyme profile and selective staining of immunoprecipitates. | cell-free extracts of various strains belonging to mycobacterium paratuberculosis (ptb) and "wood-pigeon" (wp) mycobacteria were compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the various protein bands obtained were tested for peroxidase enzyme activity. one strain of mycobacterium avium served as a control. bacterial extracts were also analysed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (criep) and fused rocket immunoelectrophoresis (friep) using antisera raised in rabbit against m. paratuberculosis ... | 1990 | 2218060 |
| genetic regulation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in recombinant inbred mice. | | 1990 | 2238389 |
| polyclonal antibodies raised against bacillus calmette-guerin, mycobacterium duvalii, and mycobacterium paratuberculosis used to detect mycobacteria in tissue with the use of immunohistochemical techniques. | commercially available polyclonal antibodies raised against strains of mycobacteria were used to detect organisms in tissue sections from 34 cases of tuberculosis, leprosy, and atypical mycobacteria. thirty-two cases of fungal infections, granulomatous inflammation, and sarcoidosis were used as negative controls. sections stained with the use of antibodies raised against bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg), mycobacterium duvalii (md), and mycobacterium paratuberculosis (mp) were compared with kinyoun ... | 1990 | 1697733 |
| enhanced radiometric detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by using filter-concentrated bovine fecal specimens. | a commercial radiometric medium, bactec 12b, was modified by addition of mycobactin, egg yolk suspension, and antibiotics (vancomycin, amphotericin b, and nalidixic acid). decontaminated bovine fecal specimens were filter concentrated by using 3-microns-pore-size, 13-mm-diameter polycarbonate filters, and the entire filter was placed into the radiometric broth. comparison of the radiometric technique with conventional methods on 603 cattle from 9 mycobacterium paratuberculosis-infected herds fou ... | 1990 | 2254428 |
| the sensitivity and specificity of a modified elisa for the diagnosis of johne's disease from a field trial in cattle. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cattle was evaluated in three herds known to have johne's disease. prior to testing, the plasma was absorbed with dried mycobacterium phlei in order to remove cross-reacting antibody specificities. the sensitivity and specificity of the elisa were calculated after repeatedly testing 327 cattle in the infected herds. of these, 53 animals had one or more positive faecal cultures o ... | 1990 | 2281604 |
| probable paratuberculosis in a sicilian ass. | a presumptive diagnosis of paratuberculosis was made in a sicilian ass on the basis of a history of chronic diarrhea and weight loss, pasture exposure to a heifer with paratuberculosis confirmed by bacterial culture of feces, postmortem identification of granulomatous inflammation of the intestine containing acid-fast organisms, the absence of acid-fast organisms in extraenteric tissues, and the absence of exposure to tuberculosis. the literature on paratuberculosis in equids is reviewed. the po ... | 1990 | 2298679 |
| bactericidal activities of various antimicrobial agents against human and animal isolates of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | the mics and mbcs of various antimicrobial agents for strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolated from animal and human sources were evaluated. the mics and mbcs of rifabutin, ciprofloxacin, ethambutol, clofazimine, streptomycin, cefazolin, and amikacin were found to be well below therapeutic levels in serum and tissue. | 1990 | 2327783 |
| use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to estimate prevalence of paratuberculosis in cattle of florida. | a survey was conducted from 1986 through 1987, for which an elisa was used to obtain information on the prevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in cattle of florida. results revealed prevalence of 8.6% in beef cattle and 17.1% in dairy cattle. in beef and dairy cattle, prevalence increased with increasing herd size. it was concluded that elisa-detectable circulating antibodies to m paratuberculosis are widespread in cattle of florida. | 1990 | 2332370 |
| antimicrobial activity of rifabutin in combination with two and three other antimicrobial agents against strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | the inhibitory and bactericidal, synergistic, and antagonistic activities of rifabutin combined with ciprofloxacin, ethambutol, clofazimine, cefazolin, and amikacin in dual and triple combinations against various human and animal isolates of mycobacterium paratuberculosis were determined. synergism was observed when rifabutin was combined with either cefazolin or clofazimine in double combinations. the greatest amount of synergy occurred with the rifabutin-cefazolin combination in which bacteric ... | 1991 | 1647388 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis dna in crohn's disease tissue. | crohn's disease has long been suspected of having a mycobacterial cause. mycobacterium paratuberculosis is a known cause of chronic enteritis in animals, including primates, but may be very difficult to detect by culture. is900 is a multicopy genomic dna insertion element highly specific for m paratuberculosis. a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based on the 5' region of is900 and capable of the specific detection of a single m paratuberculosis genome was developed. this was applied to dna extrac ... | 1992 | 1644328 |
| use of highly specific dna probes and the polymerase chain reaction to detect mycobacterium paratuberculosis in johne's disease. | dna probes that hybridize to a mycobacterial insertion sequence, is900, present in multiple copies in the genome of mycobacterium paratuberculosis were found to be highly specific for m. paratuberculosis. dna sequences derived from is900 were used to prepare dna primers for detection and identification of m. paratuberculosis by the polymerase chain reaction. highly specific direct detection of m. paratuberculosis dna in feces from cattle with johne's disease was obtained. the polymerase chain re ... | 1990 | 2351737 |
| a comparison of the interferon gamma assay with the absorbed elisa for the diagnosis of johne's disease in cattle. | two interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) assays, the ifn-gamma enzyme immunoassay (eia) and the ifn-gamma bioassay and an absorbed elisa were used to screen 6 cattle herds for johne's disease. each herd had a history of johne's disease but the majority of infected animals did not show clinical signs. the disease status of the cattle, which were removed from the herds, was confirmed by bacteriological culture of faeces or histopathological examination and culture of tissues collected at necropsy. the sen ... | 1992 | 1632724 |
| in vivo immunologic intervention in age-related t cell defects in murine gut-associated lymphoid tissues by il2. | our recent studies indicate that the aging process impairs gut mucosal humoral immune responses to mycobacterial antigen (ag), largely owing to defects in t cell function--in particular, that of suppressor t cells. to correct the age-associated ag-specific t cell-mediated immune alteration recombinant il2 (50,000 units/s.c./mouse/day) was administered for 3 weeks to the aged (greater than 24 months) mice (balb/c), which were divided into 4 groups (gr) [gr. 1, fed intragastrically (i.g.) with sal ... | 1990 | 2362472 |
| granulomatous enteritis following oral inoculation of newborn rabbits with mycobacterium paratuberculosis of bovine origin. | to assess the rabbit as a model for the study of paratuberculosis infection, two groups of newborn rabbits were orally inoculated at one to two days of age with mycobacterium paratuberculosis (atcc 19698 or field strain 22206) and compared to uninoculated controls. nine of thirteen rabbits (69%) inoculated with atcc 19698, and all three rabbits inoculated with 22206, experienced episodes of intermittent diarrhea starting four months after inoculation. multifocal granulomas containing acid-fast o ... | 1990 | 2379110 |
| paratuberculosis in saiga antelope (saiga tatarica) and experimental transmission to domestic sheep. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis was isolated in low numbers from the small intestine and associated mesenteric lymph nodes of a saiga antelope (saiga tatarica) using routine culture techniques in spite of histologic evidence of high numbers of acid-fast bacteria in these tissues. two newborn domestic sheep were fed the ground intestinal tissue containing acid-fast bacteria and the progression of the experimental disease was followed by fecal culture, immunodiffusion (agid) and lymphocyte stimulat ... | 1992 | 1602565 |
| some diagnostic features of the pathogenesis of bovine paratuberculosis (johne's disease) and serum biochemical changes after oral reinfection. | ten bull-calves were infected with 10(8) viable cells of mycobacterium paratuberculosis per os. during the 400-day period of observation faecal and blood samples were taken from animals at 30-day intervals. faecal samples were examined microscopically, blood samples by the cft, agid and lst tests. intradermal allergic tests were carried out at pi (post infection) days 92, 217, 336, using mammalian, avian and johnin ppd. in the period of study, these efficiency indices showed fluctuations charact ... | 1990 | 2385984 |
| evaluation of four serological tests for bovine paratuberculosis. | the standard complement fixation (cf) test, a commercial agarose gel immunodiffusion (agid) test (immucell corporation, portland, maine), and two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas; allied laboratories, glenwood springs, colo. [allied elisa], and the csl, limited, [parkville, victoria, australia] enzyme immunoassay [csl elisa]) were evaluated by using sera from the repository for paratuberculosis specimens. the case definition of subclinical bovine paratuberculosis was isolati ... | 1992 | 1583110 |
| rapid lysis technique for mycobacterial species. | the lysis of mycobacterial cells typically has been difficult and time-consuming. we report a method for the physical rupture of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and several other members of the family mycobacteriaceae using a mini-beadbeater cell disrupter (biospec products; bartlesville, okla.) and zirconium beads, a process which yields dna and rna of high molecular weight and in greater quantity than that obtained by rupture in a ribi pressure cell. | 1987 | 2447121 |
| triple-helical capture assay for quantification of polymerase chain reaction products. | this method for rapid, automated analysis of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products makes use of pcr primers containing 5'-polypyrimidine sequences. polypyrimidine-"headed" primers confer to the pcr product the ability to form triple helical complexes with a third polypyrimidine oligonucleotide. third-strand oligonucleotides are modified to serve as either capture reagents or detection reagents for pcr products. automated quantitative measurement of the pcr product is achieved by using latex b ... | 1992 | 1582021 |
| control of johne's disease in four commercial dairy herds in iowa. | a 6-year study was conducted in 4 dairy herds in iowa in which johne's disease was diagnosed previously. fecal specimens were collected at 6-month intervals from animals 2 years of age and over for mycobacteriologic examination. serum samples were obtained at 3-month intervals and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the antigen used in the elisa was a potassium chloride extract of a field strain of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. the elisa reactions were observed in 87% of the c ... | 1989 | 2488348 |
| paratuberculosis in cattle: a comparison of three serologic tests with results of fecal culture. | feces and blood were collected from cattle in 13 herds known to be infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis to evaluate a complement-fixation (cf) test, an agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the serologic diagnosis of paratuberculosis. m. paratuberculosis was isolated from the feces of 36 of 192 cattle examined. twenty-three culture-positive animals had cf test titers regarded as suspect or positive, 10 were positive by the agid test and ... | 1989 | 2495699 |
| evaluation of the agar gel immunodiffusion test for diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis in cattle. | concurrent bacteriologic culture of feces and agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) testing was performed on all cows and bred heifers over 14 months old in 10 dairy herds during a 32-month period to determine the effectiveness of the agid test for the detection of subclinical paratuberculosis. herds were sampled 5 times and, when possible, culled animals were tested again at slaughter. during 5 herd-wide samplings, mycobacterium paratuberculosis was isolated from 139 fecal specimens obtained from 109 ... | 1989 | 2496629 |
| diagnostic accuracy of a mycobacterium phlei-absorbed serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis in dairy cows. | the purpose of this study was to describe the responses of sera from five groups of cattle to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for paratuberculosis by using serum absorbed with mycobacterium phlei at a single working dilution. the infection status of the cattle was determined by fecal culture. cattle with different levels of exposure (high versus low prevalence and test negative) and disease manifestation (clinically suspect infection versus subclinical infection) were examined, as f ... | 1992 | 1551978 |
| genetic relatedness among mycobacterium paratuberculosis and m. avium complex. | total dna was extracted from m. paratuberculosis (atcc 19698) and from m. avium complex (atcc 25291) cultivated on rvb-10 enriched liquid media. restriction endonuclease analysis of total dna was performed with 34 enzymes and dna digestion profiles were compared. fifteen enzymes revealed important differences between the two species. two pairs of enzymes (ecorii, bstni) and (mboi, sau3ai) provide evidence for the presence of dcmi and dam methylation in dna of m. avium complex and m. paratubercul ... | 1989 | 2503996 |
| serodiagnosis of ovine paratuberculosis, using lipoarabinomannan in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the use of lipoarabinomannan (lam; obtained from mycobacterium paratuberculosis) in and elisa (lam-elisa) to test 75 sheep sera from a paratuberculosis-infected flock resulted in an approximate threefold increase in sensitivity (from 23.5% to 70.6%), compared with the use of annau's polysaccharide in a complement fixation test (p-cft). even after manipulation of the lam-elisa cut-off value to produce a specificity of 100% to match that of the p-cft, the sensitivity still was approximately twofol ... | 1989 | 2504085 |
| detection and identification of mycobacteria by amplification of mycobacterial dna. | a 383bp segment of the gene coding for the 65kd mycobacterial antigens from mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis, mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium paratuberculosis, and mycobacterium fortuitum was amplified using taq polymerase and synthetic oligonucleotide primers and the amplified dnas from four of these species were compared by nucleotide sequencing. although the gene segments from these species showed considerable similarity, oligonucleotide probes which could distinguish m. tub ... | 1989 | 2507865 |
| isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis after oral inoculation in uninfected cattle. | feces from cows naturally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis was given to 6 uninfected heifers by orogastric intubation, to determine whether ingested organisms could be passively excreted and detected by bacteriologic culture of feces (ie, false-positive result). heifers were paired, and each pair received a different dose of feces on days 1 and 2. fecal samples were collected from the heifers 3 times daily. mycobacterium paratuberculosis was detected in fecal samples of all heifers w ... | 1992 | 1510305 |
| insertion elements in mycobacteria. | we have isolated and characterised a repetitive element from the genome of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. this repetitive element shows many features characteristic of a bacterial insertion element. | 1989 | 2548361 |
| amplification of 16s rrna sequences to detect mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | a probe based on 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) sequences was developed to detect mycobacterium paratuberculosis, the causative agent of johne's disease in cattle. three universal primers were used to sequence the amplified fragments of the 16s rrna gene of various species of mycobacteria. when the nucleotide sequences were analysed, a deletion was detected in the sequence of the fast-growing species. an oligonucleotide probe (p) directed to this region was synthesised and hybridised directly with tot ... | 1992 | 1373192 |
| serologic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay responses of calves vaccinated with a killed mycobacterium paratuberculosis vaccine. | the purpose of this study was to document the effect of calfhood vaccination for mycobacterium paratuberculosis on a serologic elisa. fifteen calves vaccinated with a killed paratuberculosis vaccine and 5 unvaccinated control calves were tested from the first through the fifteenth month of life. age of vaccination ranged from 5 to 40 days. blood samples were collected prior to vaccination and periodically thereafter. serum antibody was analyzed by use of the elisa. all calves were elisa-negative ... | 1991 | 1928899 |
| the genetic relationship between mycobacterium paratuberculosis and the m. avium complex. | | 1989 | 2569802 |
| spontaneous murine thymocyte comitogenic activity consistent with interleukin-1 in cattle naturally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | the production of comitogenic activity consistent with interleukin-1 (il-1) activity by blood monocytes from cattle with naturally acquired paratuberculosis was examined by murine thymocyte proliferation. in addition, il-1-like activity in response to homologous and heterologous antigens was determined. activity was determined in nine cattle naturally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis and six non-infected cattle. comitogenic properties were measured in response to m. paratuberculosis ... | 1991 | 1949571 |
| characterization of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and organisms of the mycobacterium avium complex by restriction polymorphism of the rrna gene region. | nineteen mycobacterium paratuberculosis strains, including strains of bovine, caprine, ovine, cervid, subhuman primate, and human origins, were compared with organisms of the m. avium complex by restriction fragment length polymorphism with a 5s rrna gene probe as the reference dna. mycobacterial dna was extracted, digested with several restriction enzymes, subjected to electrophoresis and southern blotting, and then hybridized with a 5s rrna gene probe from escherichia coli. hybridizing bands w ... | 1990 | 1969866 |
| immunohistochemical examination for mycobacteria in intestinal tissues from patients with crohn's disease. | we conducted an immunohistochemical search for mycobacteria in the intestinal tissues of patients with crohn's disease. tissues obtained by biopsy or surgical resection and fixed by a variety of methods (formalin, periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde, fresh-frozen) were reacted by an immunoperoxidase method with antibodies to (a) mycobacterium paratuberculosis strain linda, (b) m. tuberculosis, and (c) the common mycobacterial antigen, lipoarabinomannan. each of the antibody preparations was shown ... | 1989 | 2647572 |
| comparison of two methods for isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from bovine fecal samples. | fecal samples from 131 cattle clinically suspect for paratuberculosis were cultured bacteriologically, using the traditional sedimentation processing method and a processing method that included a centrifugation step. of 16 samples that were contaminated, 6 were culture-positive on at least 1 medium and by 1 processing method. ten of 131 (7.6%) fecal samples processed by both methods were lost because of contamination. the number of culture-positive samples (using both processing methods) were 6 ... | 1989 | 2672913 |
| the specificity of antibody response in experimental and natural bovine paratuberculosis studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel. | the sonicate antigen (mps) of a local strain (ivri) of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and a commercial lysate of strain 18 were analysed using hyperimmune rabbit and calf antisera to mps in crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel (cie-ig) and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the rabbit antiserum was more potent than the calf antiserum and it precipitated 35 and 15 antigens, respectively, among mps and lysate antigens. sds-page resolved 50 and 32 ... | 1989 | 2696199 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis and crohn's disease. | the possible aetiological role of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in crohn's disease was investigated. the immunological response was studied using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. the antibody response to two protoplasmic antigen preparations of m paratuberculosis in the sera of patients with inflammatory bowel disease was measured by elisa. igg and igm antibodies to these antigens were measured in serum samples from 52 patients with crohn' ... | 1991 | 1991637 |
| bovine fetal infection with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | in utero transmission of mycobacterium paratuberculosis, the causative agent of paratuberculosis in cattle, has been suggested. tissue specimens were obtained at a packing plant from pregnant dairy cows and their fetuses and from cows with clinical signs of paratuberculosis and from their fetuses. specimens were processed according to methods described for isolating m paratuberculosis from bovine tissues and were incubated on herrold egg yolk medium for 16 weeks. presumed positive specimens were ... | 1989 | 2722634 |
| crossed immunoelectrophoretic analysis of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | antigenic analysis of m. paratuberculosis revealed extensive cross-reactivity with m. avium; however, the number of cross-reactive antigens found was dependent on the strain of m. avium tested. one antigen was shown to be the common antigen while another appeared to be iron-regulated in its production. a commercial polyclonal antibody to m. paratuberculosis produced a cie precipitin pattern comparable to that of the antibody produced for the present study. an antigen designated no. 6 was consist ... | 1991 | 1993120 |
| development of a diagnostic test for johne's disease using a dna hybridization probe. | a dna probe, m13 mphaw71, that detects mycobacterium paratuberculosis in the fecal material of infected animals was developed for use in the diagnosis of johne's disease. the probe detected as few as 10(5) m. paratuberculosis when hybridized under stringent conditions to total genomic dna purified from bovine fecal material. when the probe was used diagnostically, it did not differentiate members of the mycobacterium avium-m. intracellulare-m. paratuberculosis complex. compared with culturing, t ... | 1989 | 2768445 |
| evaluation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for johne's disease. | a new commercial kit for diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis (johne's disease), called the johne's absorbed eia (enzyme immunoassay; commonwealth serum laboratories, parkville, victoria, australia), was evaluated by using serum specimens from the national repository for paratuberculosis specimens. the evaluation was specifically designed to measure test sensitivity and specificity for detection of dairy cattle with subclinical paratuberculosis. the case definition of subclinical bovine paratube ... | 1991 | 2007634 |
| effects of colonial morphology and tween 80 on antimicrobial susceptibility of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | smooth (sm) and rough (rg) colonial types of mycobacterium paratuberculosis atcc 19698 and two clinical isolates were tested to examine their growth responses in medium containing antimicrobial agents. susceptibility tests were done in middlebrook 7h12b medium with and without tween 80 and one of the following antimicrobial agents: streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, ciprofloxacin, and penicillin g. growth responses in the presence of antimicrobial agents led to the following observat ... | 1990 | 2088185 |
| immunohistochemical study of bovine lymph nodes with antibodies against s100 protein subunits: comparison between lymph nodes of healthy and mycobacterium paratuberculosis-infected cattle. | using immunohistochemistry, the differential distribution of the alpha subunit (s100 alpha) and beta subunit (s100 beta) of s100 protein was studied in mesenteric lymph nodes from normal or mycobacterium paratuberculosis-infected cattle. in epithelioid cell granulomas, s100 alpha-positive epithelioid cells and some giant cells were scattered among s100 alpha-negative cells, which were predominant. the s100 beta-positive and -negative cells contained acid-fast bacilli. the presence of s100 beta-p ... | 1990 | 2089532 |
| a rabbit model for study of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection. | of 21 newborn rabbits inoculated orally with mycobacterium paratuberculosis atcc 19698, 13 (62%) became infected, as determined by histopathology and culture. of the 21 inoculated rabbits, 14 (67%) experienced episodes of intermittent diarrhea, sometimes as early as 5 months after inoculation. feces varied in consistency from soft-semisolid to watery. the organism was isolated from the sacculus rotundus, vermiform appendix of the cecum, ileum, mesenteric lymph node, and feces of 9 of 21 (43%) m. ... | 1989 | 2807547 |
| a modified elisa for the detection of goats infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | | 1989 | 2818377 |
| cytokine regulation of the intracellular growth of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in bovine monocytes. | in this study we examined the influence of various crude and recombinant cytokines on the ingestion and intracellular survival of mycobacterium paratuberculosis within bovine monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. cytokine pretreatment had little effect on the ingestion of m. paratuberculosis by bovine monocytes and macrophages. monocytes that were continuously incubated with virus-induced crude bovine interferon (100 u) or recombinant bovine alpha interferon (100 u) significantly restricte ... | 1988 | 2838423 |
| characterization of total deoxyribonucleic acid of mycobacterium paratuberculosis (atcc 19698) and of m. avium complex (atcc 25291) using restriction enzymes. | total dna was extracted from m. paratuberculosis (atcc 19698) and from m. avium complex (atcc 25291) cultivated on rvb-10 enriched liquid media. restriction endonuclease analysis was conducted of total dna using 34 enzymes and dna digestion profiles were compared. fifteen enzymes revealed important differences between the two species. two pairs of enzymes (ecorii, bstni) and (mboi, sau3ai) provide evidence for the presence of dcmi and dam methylation in dna of m. avium complex and m. paratubercu ... | 1988 | 2854962 |
| cyclophosphamide and prednisolone exacerbate the severity of intestinal paratuberculosis in mycobacterium paratuberculosis monoassociated mice. | in this study we examined the effects of continuous oral administration of the immunosuppressive agents cyclophosphamide and prednisolone on the susceptibility of gnotobiotic nu/+ balb/c mice to intestinal paratuberculosis. treatment with either cyclophosphamide or prednisolone led to fecal shedding of mycobacterium paratuberculosis, and increased the numbers of m. paratuberculosis recovered from the intestinal tract and liver, to levels similar to those recovered from untreated nu/nu mice. nume ... | 1990 | 2097495 |
| the use of dna probes identifying restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms to examine the mycobacterium avium complex. | dna probes were used to identify restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms (rflps) in dna samples, demonstrating that the mycobacterium avium complex could be clearly divided into m. avium and mycobacterium intracellulare strains. less than 2% dna base substitution was found between m. avium strains, whereas the m. intracellulare strains had greater than 15% base substitution. the johne's disease bacillus, mycobacterium paratuberculosis (american type strain), was found to be distinguishable fro ... | 1987 | 2896288 |
| intestinal multiplication of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in athymic nude gnotobiotic mice. | in this study gnotobiotic mice were inoculated with a human isolate of mycobacterium paratuberculosis (strain linda; atcc 43015) in an attempt to investigate the pathogenesis of intestinal paratuberculosis. mycobacterium paratuberculosis-monoassociated nu/+ mice developed a persistent low-level intestinal infection but did not support progressive bacillary multiplication. in contrast, monoassociated nu/nu mice eventually harbored approximately 10(7) m. paratuberculosis per g of intestinal tissue ... | 1989 | 2909488 |
| infection experiments with mycobacterium paratuberculosis strains. | | 1986 | 2953190 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of various strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolated from cattle. | deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) preparations from 3 reference strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and from 23 isolates of m paratuberculosis obtained from cattle in new zealand were characterized by restriction endonuclease analysis, using the enzymes bste ii, pvu ii, and bcl i. patterns of dna fragments for strain 18 (one of the reference strains) differed markedly from patterns of other strains, indicating genetic differences between strain 18 and the other strains of m paratuberculosis eval ... | 1986 | 3022622 |
| diagnostic value of intravenously administered johnin purified protein derivative (ppd) in bovine paratuberculosis. | the diagnostic value of intravenously administered johnin purified protein derivative (ppd) was studied in 45 cattle of different age, coming from herds infected by, or free from, mycobacterium paratuberculosis. in addition to observing the clinical symptoms, the animals' sera were assayed for specific antibodies by the complement fixation (cft) and immunodiffusion (agid) tests. the blastogenic transformation of peripheral lymphocytes was determined on the basis of 3htdr incorporation. changes i ... | 1990 | 2100937 |
| immunodiffusion analysis shows that mycobacterium paratuberculosis and other mycobactin-dependent mycobacteria are variants of mycobacterium avium. | antigenic analysis by immunodiffusion has been applied to 74 strains of mycobactin-dependent mycobacteria. thirty-eight strains were of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from cases of johne's disease of cattle or goats. the remaining cultures were obtained from a variety of animals and included the wood pigeon bacillus. rabbit antisera were raised to some of the strains and these, together with antisera to m. avium and m. intracellulare, were used to examine sonicate preparations of all the culture ... | 1986 | 3096932 |
| evidence of paratuberculosis in ohio's white-tailed deer, as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed and used to detect antibodies to mycobacterium paratuberculosis in serum samples obtained in december of 1983 from 954 hunter-killed white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in 13 ohio counties. positive or negative status was determined by calculating a signal-to-noise ratio, a ratio between the optical density of the test serum and negative reference sera; a ratio of greater than or equal to 3.0 was considered positive. twenty-four s ... | 1986 | 3099612 |
| evaluation of the serological response of sheep in one flock to mycobacterium paratuberculosis by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. | sera from 74 sheep culled from one flock on the basis of performance and response to immunological tests for paratuberculosis or maedi visna were used to evaluate the serological response to a sonicated antigen of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. a total of seven precipitating components was demonstrated. four components (a,c,v,w) were detected in low frequency only with sera from animals with paratuberculosis while two components (x,y) were detected in high frequ ... | 1988 | 3130975 |
| identification and control of paratuberculosis in a large goat herd. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection was detected in 2 goats in 1974 and in 5 goats in 1975; 5 of which were from a single herd. the magnitude of the subsequent epizootic in the goat herd was not recognized until 1977, when results of bacteriologic culture of fecal and tissue specimens, antibody determinations (agar-gel immuno-diffusion test), and histopathologic studies became available. by 1984, paratuberculosis had been diagnosed in 124 goats. nearly all the goats were being used in antis ... | 1988 | 3150253 |
| the distribution of ferritin, lactoferrin and transferrin in granulomatous lymphadenitis of bovine paratuberculosis. | immunohistochemical examination of iron-binding proteins was carried out in the formalin-fixed mesenteric lymph nodes of normal cattle and of cattle with paratuberculosis. ferritin (ft) and lactoferrin (lf) were found in the granulomas in ileal lymph nodes from six infected cattle. a weak reaction for transferrin (tf) was found in granulomas of a lymph node from one of the infected cattle. ft was found in the macrophages in the medullary sinuses of normal and infected nodes; however, the reactio ... | 1988 | 3183087 |
| igg, igm and iga in the serum of cattle naturally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | serum igg, igm and iga antibody response in 20 cattle naturally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis and in 15 non-infected cattle were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. a strong igg response was detected in 16 (80%) of the infected animals. diagnostic levels of igm were detectable in all of the infected animals as well as in 8 (53%) of the non-infected animals. animals with paratuberculosis had a very weak specific serum iga response and this appears to be of little value i ... | 1988 | 3219828 |
| fecal culture of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in cattle using a centrifugation specimen processing step. | | 1988 | 3232608 |
| diagnostic value of mammalian, avian and johnin ppd tuberculins in cattle herds infected by mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | | 1988 | 3254082 |
| analysis by elisa and western blotting of antibody reactivities in cattle infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis after absorption of serum with m phlei. | preabsorption of cattle serum with mycobacterium phlei was of value in eliminating falsely positive reactions in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against m paratuberculosis. specific antibody titres from 16 animals naturally infected with m paratuberculosis were unaffected by absorption. analysis by western blotting indicated that a different set of antigens of m paratuberculosis were recognised by serum from falsely positive reactors compared with tha ... | 1987 | 3296062 |
| relationship between mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium paratuberculosis and "wood pigeon mycobacteria". determinations by dna-dna hybridization. | the dna-dna homology percentages obtained in this study indicate that m. avium and m. paratuberculosis belong to one species. consequently, m. paratuberculosis ought to be considered a variant of m. avium, and the following designations are proposed: mycobacterium avium, subsp. avium. mycobacterium avium, subsp. paratuberculosis. identification and classification of "wood pigeon mycobacteria" occurring in wild animals have been problematic due to their dysgonic and mycobactin-dependent growth. d ... | 1988 | 3345246 |
| role of m cells and macrophages in the entrance of mycobacterium paratuberculosis into domes of ileal peyer's patches in calves. | ligated ileal loops of calves were inoculated with live and heat-killed mycobacterium paratuberculosis and were examined by light and electron microscopy. at 5 hours after inoculation, acid-fast bacilli were in subepithelial macrophages, but not in m cells covering domes. at 20 hours, more than 50 acid-fast bacilli per cross section were in subepithelial macrophages in domes. both living and heat-killed bacilli passed into domes. addition of anti-m. paratuberculosis bovine serum to the inoculum ... | 1988 | 3363791 |
| the occurrence of infectious diseases in mixed farming of domesticated wild herbivores and livestock in kenya. ii. bacterial diseases. | the prevalence of antibodies to brucella spp., mycobacterium paratuberculosis and the mycoplasma spp. causing contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and contagious caprine pleuropneumonia was determined in various species of ruminants on a ranch in the semi-arid zone of southeastern kenya. antibody titers to brucella spp. were found in eland (taurotragus oryx), oryx (oryx beisa) and camels (camelus dromedarius). reactors were not found in buffalo (syncerus caffer), sheep (ovis aries) and goats (capra ... | 1988 | 3373635 |
| effect of glucocorticoids on cows suspected of subclinical infection with m. paratuberculosis. | glucocorticoids were administered to 10 heifers suspected of subclinical infection with mycobacterium paratuberculosis. three animals remained untreated. m. paratuberculosis was isolated from the internal organs of 2 animals after this treatment but not from any of the control group. delayed type hypersensitivity and lymphocyte reactivity towards johnin and purified protein derivates of m. avium and m. bovis were depressed. a sharp increase in total leucocyte count, due to an increase in neutrop ... | 1988 | 3376411 |
| experimental infection of calves with an apparently specific goat-pathogenic strain of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | four calves and four goat kids were inoculated perorally with a norwegian goat-pathogenic strain of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. none of the calves developed clinical disease, pathological lesions or humoral antibody response, but the organism was reisolated from the small intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes when the calves were slaughtered after 7, 12, 14 and 18 months, respectively. as one of the goats died of non-specific causes and one did not become infected, two remained as positive co ... | 1990 | 2108999 |
| paratuberculosis in a cattle herd: comparison of allergic, serologic and faecal microscopic tests. | in a beef herd of 230 cows kept on pasture and infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis, faecal samples were tested microscopically and the blood serum by the complement fixation and the immunodiffusion test. intradermal tests were carried out simultaneously with bovine and avian tuberculin as well as with two dilutions (0.86 mg/ml and 0.50 mg/ml tuberculoprotein) of paratuberculin. in the tested herd 35.2% of the cows gave positive faecal tests while 10 and 9.1% were positive in the agar ge ... | 1990 | 2125397 |
| accidental self-inoculation with mycobacterium paratuberculosis bacterin (johne's bacterin) by veterinarians in wisconsin. | we surveyed wisconsin veterinarians to assess the frequency and severity of accidental self- and other human exposure to mycobacterium paratuberculosis bacterin (johne's bacterin). of 199 veterinarians administering the bacterin to cattle, 22 reported one or more exposures, including 19 needle-stick exposures, 8 skin surface exposures, and 2 oral mucosa exposures. the mean incidence of needle sticks was 5.5/100 veterinarians/year of bacterin use or 1/1,000 doses administered. the mean total dose ... | 1988 | 3391850 |
| isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from the uterine flush fluids of cows with clinical paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis was isolated from the uterine flush fluids obtained from 3 to 4 cows with clinical paratuberculosis. four cows with clinical paratuberculosis were subjected to uterine lavage, using an established embryo recovery technique, and the recovered fluids were cultured for m paratuberculosis. mycobacterium paratuberculosis has previously been demonstrated to adhere to bovine ova. embryos within the uterus of a superovulated cow infected with m paratuberculosis could be ex ... | 1990 | 2125588 |
| nucleic acid hybridization studies of mycobactin-dependent mycobacteria. | using molecular techniques, specifically, dna-dna hybridization in solution and measurement of the thermal stabilities of hybrids, we examined the genetic relationships among mycobactin-dependent mycobacteria and between such organisms and other (mycobactin-independent) mycobacteria. the mycobactin-dependent mycobacteria examined included five strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis, two wood pigeon isolates, and one bovine isolate that was biochemically identified as mycobacterium avium. all ... | 1988 | 3410945 |
| characterization of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by gas-liquid and thin-layer chromatography and rapid demonstration of mycobactin dependence using radiometric methods. | thirty-six mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolates of bovine, caprine, and ovine origins were evaluated by using gas-liquid chromatography (glc), thin-layer chromatography (tlc), and bactec 7h12 middlebrook tb medium (12a; johnston laboratories, inc., towson, md.) in an effort to more rapidly differentiate this group of organisms from other mycobacteria. bacterial suspensions (0.1 ml) were inoculated by syringe into 7h12 broth containing 2 micrograms of mycobactin p per ml and control broth with ... | 1987 | 3429629 |
| a technique for the purification of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from the ileal mucosa of infected cattle. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis, the causative agent of paratuberculosis, produces considerable economic loss in the cattle industry in many countries. the slow growth of m. paratuberculosis has hindered investigations of the antigenic composition of the organism and the development of species-specific antigen for serological detection of this disease. this paper describes a simple method for the isolation of large quantities of viable m. paratuberculosis from the intestinal mucosa of infected ca ... | 1986 | 3533028 |
| disseminated mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in a cow. | a cow with chronic diarrhea and weight loss caused by localization of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in the intestinal tract (johne's disease) had gross and microscopic changes indicative of a disseminated infection. a direct association between the remote lesions and the intestinal infection was shown by isolation of m paratuberculosis from renal tissue, detection of intracellular m paratuberculosis antigen(s), using an indirect immunoperoxidase method, and by the characteristic granulomatous n ... | 1987 | 3553118 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in a colony of stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides). | mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection was documented in a colony of stumptail macaque monkeys (macaca arctoides), with 29 (76%) of 38 monkeys infected and shedding organisms in feces. thirteen deaths have occurred during the past five years. animals without overt clinical disease were shedding as many as 2 x 10(6) colony-forming units of m. paratuberculosis/g of feces. intestinal tissues from animals dying of this disease contained up to 10(8) colony-forming units of m. paratuberculosis/g of ... | 1987 | 3559275 |
| prevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in ileocecal lymph nodes of cattle culled in the united states. | during 1983 and 1984, ileocecal lymph node specimens were obtained from clinically normal cattle at 76 us department of agriculture-inspected cull cattle slaughterhouses in 32 states and puerto rico. mycobacterium paratuberculosis was isolated from the lymph nodes of 119 of 7,540 cattle. the prevalence of bovine paratuberculosis was 1.6% overall, with 2.9% in dairy culls and 0.8% in beef culls. the prevalence for females and males did not appear to differ significantly. | 1987 | 3570918 |
| isolation of mycobacterium paratuberculosis from washed bovine ova after in vitro exposure. | to establish whether mycobacterium paratuberculosis could be cultured from dulbecco phosphate-buffered saline solution (dpbss) and to test 3 sampling methods, dpbss supplemented with 2% fetal bovine serum was inoculated with m paratuberculosis at concentrations of 10(4), 10(3), 10(2), 10(1), and 10(0) colony-forming units/ml. the inoculated media was sampled after mixing, after centrifugation, and after centrifugation and decontamination with 0.75% hexadecylpyridinium chloride. the samples were ... | 1990 | 2186676 |
| effect of polyoxyethylene sorbate compounds (tweens) on colonial morphology, growth, and ultrastructure of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | polyoxyethylene sorbate (tween) compounds were tested to compare their growth stimulation effects on mycobacterium paratuberculosis. three low passage and three high passage clinical isolates and atcc strain 19698 were used. tween 20, 40, 60, and 80 were tested at concentrations of 0, 0.001, 0.01, 1.0, and 3.0% (w/v) in radiometric broth culture media and in middlebrook 7h9 agar plates. scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine cell wall appearance and ultrastructure, re ... | 1990 | 2245009 |
| immunohistochemical distribution of ferritin, lactoferrin, and transferrin in granulomas of bovine paratuberculosis. | granulomatous lesions of bovine paratuberculosis contained ferritin, lactoferrin, and a small amount of transferrin, as demonstrated by the immunohistochemical method. macrophages in the normal bovine ileum did not contain lactoferrin and transferrin; however, ferritin was found in individual macrophages of peyer's patches. these results may help elucidate the relationship between intracellular growth of mycobacterium paratuberculosis and the presence of iron-binding proteins in the granulomas. | 1986 | 3699898 |
| biochemical characteristics of various strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | biochemical activities of 20 wild-type strains and of 2 laboratory strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis were evaluated. biochemical activities evaluated were growth at 30 c, 37 c, and 42 c; production of urease, niacin, pyrazinamidase, arylsulfatase, and catalase; hydrolyzation of tween 80; reduction of nitrate and tellurite; and growth in 5% nacl. antimicrobial susceptibility to thiophene-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide (10 micrograms/ml), neotetrazolium chloride (1:40,000), streptomycin (2 mi ... | 1986 | 3740613 |
| growth of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in radiometric, middlebrook and egg-based media. | the ability of bactec radiometric 7h12 broth, middlebrook 7h10 tween broth, middlebrook 7h10 agar, and herrold's egg-yolk medium to provide early detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis was evaluated. the minimum detection times in days for the various media were: 7h12, 9; 7h10 agar, 23 (plate), 28 (slant); 7h10 tween broth; 27; and herrold's egg-yolk medium, 43 (plate), 49 (slant). the radiometric broths provided the earliest detection of m. paratuberculosis, and 3625 organisms ml-1 were re ... | 1990 | 2336785 |