| serological examinations of slaughtered animals (cattle and goats) in the slaughter-house of colombo/sri lanka towards antibodies against brucellosis, q-fever, rmsf-rickettsia-group, listeriosis, echinococcosis and adenoviruses. | serological examinations of slaughtered animals (76 cattle and 184 goats) in the slaughter-house of colombo/sri lanka revealed antibodies against listeriosis, brucellosis, q-fever, rmsf-rickettsia-group, echinococcus and adenoviruses. as the results show, part of this zooanthroponosis has a role to play in human medicine and human infections are to be expected. | 1988 | 3139493 |
| natural history of periodontal disease in man. rapid, moderate and no loss of attachment in sri lankan laborers 14 to 46 years of age. | this paper describes the initiation, rate of progress of periodontal disease and consequent tooth loss in a population never exposed to any programs or incidents relative to prevention and treatment of dental diseases. the group consisted of 480 male laborers at two tea plantations in sri lanka. the study design and baseline data have been published. at the initial examination in 1970, the age of the participants ranged between 14 and 31 years. subsequent examinations occurred in 1971, 1973, 197 ... | 1986 | 3487557 |
| feeding studies in ceylonese babies. | a study of the effects of 4 milk preparations on the early growth of low birth-weight newborns in ceylon is reported. the following parameters were studied: mortality; weight gain; tolerance, as indicated by the incidence of diarrhea and the presence of sugar in the stools; blood glucose levels; and blood urea and serum sodium levels. a powdered and partially skimmed cow's milk, nestogen, was used as it is available in the government hospitals throughout the island. 2 strengths constituted f ... | 1974 | 4499504 |
| mobilization of antibiotic resistance genes among farm animals and human hosts in a developing country (sri lanka). | | 1987 | 3629267 |
| [first human cases of food-induced botulism in madagascar]. | | 1986 | 3800494 |
| [role of animals and birds as sources of salmonella infections in man (literature review)]. | | 1970 | 4927791 |
| human infections with dirofilaria, a filarial parasite of animals in ceylon, with a brief review of recent cases. | | 1971 | 4149857 |
| entomological aspects of filariasis control in sri lanka. | historical events and suitable environmental conditions in the southwestern coastal areas of sri lanka have led to the establishment of a zone of endemic filariasis caused by wuchereria bancrofti and transmitted by culex pipiens fatigans. the previous brugia malayi foci, scattered over widely dispersed areas of the island, were apparently completely eliminated as a result of control of the mansonia vectors by the destruction of the larval host plants in their swamp habitats. control measures by ... | 1974 | 4619057 |
| four more cases of human infection with dirofilaria (nochtiella). | | 1972 | 4659135 |
| focality and spatial units of transmission in human malaria. | | 1971 | 5580455 |
| isolation of two strains of dengue type 2 virus from human cases in ceylon. | | 1972 | 5035193 |
| epidemic of influenza in ceylon 1969. | | 1970 | 5514119 |
| arboviruses and lemurs in madagascar: a preliminary note. | the epidemiological role played by lemurs in the circulation of arboviruses in madagascar has been studied. from serological (hai) tests, exposure of lemurs to alphaviruses and flaviviruses appears to vary considerably with location and species of lemur; positive tests varied from 0 to 32%. finally, the data concerning the lemurophilic part of the mosquito fauna suggests that some lemur species and man are infected by the same arboviruses, especially west nile virus. the susceptibility of these ... | 1982 | 6125046 |
| [two cases of ankylosing spondylitis in negroes from indian ocean (author's transl)]. | are reported: the first one, observed in tananarive, on a 26 years old man born in madagascar, with involvement of sacroiliac articulation and rachis. the second one, observed in marseille on a 20 years old man who was born in la reunion, with serious right coxitis and sacroileitis. in the second case, the investigation of hla b27 antigen was positive. both cases were probably primitive. a review of literature shows unusualness of ankylosing spondylitis in tropical countries. | 1980 | 6251565 |
| [enteroviruses of madagascar. 20 years' activity of the virology laboratory of the pasteur institute of madagascar]. | | 1980 | 6263198 |
| [influenza and lemurs]. | | 1981 | 6282228 |
| viral investigation of the 1968-69 hong kong influenza epidemic in ceylon. | | 1970 | 5514120 |
| forfeiture of proceeds of drug-related crimes: a british commonwealth perspective. | the forfeiture of the proceeds of drug-related offences does not seem to have received much attention as yet from british commonwealth countries. whereas in some of these countries specific legislation exists in relation to forfeiture, in many other countries the act of forfeiture falls within the purview of general criminal law. forfeiture presupposes enquiry and search, two procedures which involve integral aspects of present-day human rights law, and which seem to be impeded at almost every s ... | 1983 | 6556074 |
| can elephants transmit disease to man? | | 1966 | 5950618 |
| streptococcus mutans-like bacteria from human dental plaque in a sri lanka (ceylon) population. | this paper reports on the presence of low numbers of streptococcus mutans among the oral streptococci present in human dental plaque in a sri lanka (ceylon) population, where the caries activity is low and a low sucrose intake is combined with the presence of heavy plaque deposits. plaque samples of unknown age were collected from 10 individuals in a tea estate, and another 10 samples were collected from dental students 19 days following interruption of oral hygiene. of 670 such strains of oral ... | 1980 | 6768123 |
| evolution of dna sequences has been retarded in malagasy primates. | it is generally accepted that there are six major groups of living primates: (1) lemurs (including all the primates of madagascar), (2) lorises (including galago and potto), (3) tarsiers, (4) new world monkeys, (5) old world monkeys and (6) apes (including man). tree shrews, once considered to be primates, are now generally recognized as not significantly more closely related to the six groups than other mammals. the first surviving primate lines to diverge from the common primate ancestor are b ... | 1980 | 6772964 |
| [the temperature and distribution of human bilharziasis in madagascar]. | | 1967 | 5633316 |
| [the role of rats as a reservoir of enterobacteria pathogenic for man in madagascar]. | | 1980 | 7016056 |
| [bovine ticks and bacteria pathogenic for man in madagascar]. | | 1980 | 7016058 |
| seroepidemiology of bancroftian filariasis in the seychelles islands. | wuchereria bancrofti is the only human filarioid present in the seychelles archipelago. the last parasitological survey carried out in mahé revealed a microfilaraemia rate of 3.6%. serum samples from 417 native individuals living in mahé were tested for the presence of filarial antibodies by elisa method, using crude soluble extract of brugia pahangi adult worm as antigen. the results seem to show a proportion of the population (17%) has been exposed to w. bancrofti (with od values greater than ... | 1982 | 7048670 |
| the search for racial equality. | | 1980 | 6902357 |
| [existence of histoplasma duboisii histoplasmosis outside continental africa (apropos of the first madagascar case)]. | the authors report a case of histoplasmosis with h. duboisii authenticated by an histopathologic examination, serology on cross-section. the patient, a 22 year old man from comorian ascent had never left madagascar and was working on a sugar-cane plantation. he was carrier of ulcerated and suppurated lesions in the inguinal folds and the ombilic and was to die without having received a proper treatment. it is the first case of great form histoplasmosis noticed in madagascar, outside continental ... | 1982 | 7172359 |
| [molluscs, intermediary hosts of human bilharziasis in madagascar. current status of knowledge]. | | 1982 | 7186337 |
| [surveillance of influenza in tananarive in the year 1981]. | | 1982 | 7186797 |
| self, other, and astrology: esoteric therapy in sri lanka. | harry stack sullivan's argument that anxiety as a fundamental human experience is alleviated by the use of various procedures that he called "security operations" is used in this paper to examine the meaning of astrology in sri lanka. astrology and the doctrine of karma provide the relevant framework in which various forms of misfortune are understood and handled. an examination of cases in sri lanka reveals that astrology and the doctrine of karma enable a person of that culture to create a num ... | 1981 | 7208719 |
| [human leptospiroses in the overseas departments and territories: 10 years' immunological diagnosis (1970-1979)]. | in french overseas departments and territories, leptospiroses exist. in the caribbean zone, human leptospiroses are frequently found; in martinique island, and some cases are recorded in french guyana. in the indian ocean, "la réunion" island, approximately 40 cases are diagnosed every year (mortality rate: 17%). in polynesian areas, 3 serovars are found. biological diagnosis is easier now with screening tests. sera are to be sent to the national leptospirosis centre, paris, for confirmatory tes ... | 1980 | 7226358 |
| [epidemic of influenza in antananarivo (with isolation of virus a/texas/77 (h3n2))]. | | 1980 | 7235771 |
| [bacteria, viruses, parasites, pathology and experimental pathology of malagasy lemurs. interest for man]. | | 1980 | 7235773 |
| [surveillance of influenza in tananarive in the year 1979. isolation of viruses a/ussr and a/brazil - (h1 n1)]. | | 1981 | 7342894 |
| subfossil indri indri from the ankarana massif of northern madagascar. | subfossil specimens of indri indri have been recovered recently from the ankarana massif cave system in the far north of madagascar. taken together with material from the central highland site of ampasambazimba, the range of this species appears to have once included much of the northern half of the island and to have extended north and west beyond the eastern rainforest (not unlike hapalemur simus). it is probable that forest corridors connected the subfossil localities to the current range at ... | 1995 | 7485433 |
| [hepatic hydatidosis in madagascar: a case of autochthonous origin]. | hydatid disease, due to the larval stage of echinococcus granulosus, is described for the second time at liver level, in madagascar. even with a low level of endemic animal disease and an uncontrolled population of stray dogs, the human parasitosis is very rare in madagascar. it is interesting to note that, since a hundred of years, the epidemiological status of this zoonosis has not really changed in the great island. | 1994 | 7575029 |
| [hiv infection in tuberculosis patients in madagascar. situation in 1-93]. | in madagascar, the estimated incidence of tuberculosis is high (320 per 100,000) when human immunodeficiency virus (vih) infection progress slowly. the authors have studied hiv seroprevalence in a group of tubercular patients and in two reference groups (general population and outpatients of the clinical biology centre of institut pasteur). circulation of hiv1 virus was observed with a low prevalence rate in all the 3 groups. there was no significant difference between tubercular patients and he ... | 1994 | 7575038 |
| [79 cases of invasive cancer of the cervix uteri in the department of oncology in antananarivo. can diagnostic delays be improved?]. | the frequency of invasive cervical carcinoma in western countries is currently decreasing. the development of methods of early diagnosis has improved the prognosis of the disease. in madagascar, like in other african countries, invasive cervical carcinoma is the first genital cancer affecting women. the diagnosis comes late. actions can be taken to improve the prognosis through early diagnosis of invasive cervical carcinoma. our purpose was to analyze the main causes leading to these delays in d ... | 1995 | 7640903 |
| [rift valley fever and zinga virus: a pathogenic arbovirus in man and animal new for madagascar]. | virus zinga strains have been isolated from several pools of mosquitoes collected in perinet area, 130 km far from tananarive, at the institut pasteur of madagascar in 1980. although this virus is pathogenic for man, it seemed to give only a mild illness and did not appear to constitute a problem of public health. but today it is seen in quite a different way; since the who center for arbovirus reference and research of new haven has shown the serologic identity between virus zinga and an anothe ... | 1984 | 6534285 |
| presence of secretory iga antibodies to an enteric bacterial pathogen in human milk and saliva. | the concept of a common mucosal immune system in man was tested by examining the concurrent presence of specific-secretory iga (siga) antibodies in human milk and saliva from three groups of subjects: 64 sri lankan women living in sri lanka; 20 immigrant asian women living in birmingham (median duration of residence in the united kingdom five years); and 75 caucasian women living in birmingham (controls). enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) were developed to detect enterotoxigenic escheri ... | 1995 | 7712266 |
| preferential localization of the limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2a gene in the proximal part of a 1-cm 15q15.1-q15.3 interval. | a gene for a recessive form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (lgmd2a) has been localized to chromosome 15. a physical map of the 7-cm candidate 15q15.1-q21.1 region has been constructed by means of a 10-12-mb continuum of overlapping yac clones. new microsatellite markers developed from these yacs were genotyped on large, consanguineous lgmd2a pedigrees from different origins. the identification of recombination events in these families allowed the restriction of the lgmd2a region to an estimat ... | 1995 | 7762565 |
| [why compare hepatosplenic bilharziasis in six african countries with the help of ultrasonography? presentation of a who project including madagascar]. | during a morbidity survey in two endemic foci of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in the malagasy hauts plateaux (tetikanana, 80 km east of ambositra and lohanosy, in the vicinity of antananarivo), the objectives of a comparative pathology who project are presented. the survey in madagascar was concurrently organized by the ministry of health (bilharziasis central laboratory, dlmt), the parasitology unit of the local pasteur institute and the medical parasitology institute of bonn university, in ge ... | 1994 | 7778949 |
| iga antibodies in human milk: epidemiological markers of previous infections? | the concept of an enteromammary link in secretory iga (siga) antibody production was tested by hypothesising that specific siga antibody profiles in human milk might be an epidemiological marker for enteropathogens in a community. milk from three subject groups was studied: 64 sri lankan women living in poor suburbs of colombo, 20 asian immigrant women domiciled in birmingham, for a median period of five years (range 14 days-16 years), and 75 white women living in birmingham. an enzyme linked im ... | 1994 | 7820715 |
| family planning performance at a major hospital in sri lanka. | 862 men attending the family health clinic, general hospital, kurunegala, sri lanka for sterilization over the october 1, 1982-march 1983 period were interviewed to study the characteristics of the men attending the clinic and to assess the popularity of vasectomy over other methods of family planning. for the study to be more comprehensive, the figures of the family planning activities of the hospital from 1977-82 also were examined. 438 (55.5%) of the study subjects were paddy cultivators. ... | 1983 | 6680335 |
| the epidemiologic transition to chronic diseases in developing countries: cardiovascular mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in seychelles (indian ocean). investigators of the seychelles heart study. | the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (cvd) and related risk factors was evaluated in seychelles, a middle level income country, as accumulating evidence supports increasing rates of cvd in developing countries. cvd mortality was obtained from vital statistics for two periods, 1984-5 and 1991-3. cvd morbidity was estimated by retrospective review of discharge diagnoses for all admissions to medical wards in 1990-1992. levels of cvd risk factors in the population were assessed in 1989 through ... | 1995 | 7900434 |
| japanese encephalitis in sri lanka: comparison of vector and virus ecology in different agro-climatic areas. | the ecology of japanese encephalitis (je) in different agro-climatological areas of sri lanka was studied in relation to the abundance of mosquito vectors, infection in domestic livestock, and human infection and disease. there was an inverse correlation between altitude and the abundance of potential je vectors, as well as je seroprevalence in domestic livestock and in man. little or no je infection was documented above 1200 m elevation. je seroprevalences in cattle and goats were better predic ... | 1993 | 7903495 |
| viruses isolated from mosquitoes collected in sri lanka. | attempts to isolate viruses from 178,181 unengorged female mosquitoes collected from different ecologic areas of sri lanka yielded 31 isolates: 17 of japanese encephalitis (je) virus, nine of getah virus, three of a batai-related bunyavirus, and two of arkonam virus. culex tritaeniorhynchus and mansonia uniformis mosquitoes were found to carry je virus in a dry zone nonepidemic area, and cx. pseudovishnui was found to carry it in a wet zone nonepidemic area. japanese encephalitis virus was isola ... | 1994 | 7915499 |
| seroepidemiology, viral isolation, and molecular characterization of human t cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type i from la réunion island, indian ocean. | data indicate the presence in the seychelles islands of a high level of human t cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type i (htlv-i) endemicity as well as the presence of tropical spastic paraparesis/htlv-i-associated myelopathy (tsp/ham). we present here the results of an hospital survey performed since 1988 in la réunion island, located in the indian ocean southeast of the seychelles archipelago, aimed at evaluating htlv-i endemicity, detecting htlv-i-associated diseases, and characterizing viral isol ... | 1994 | 7915530 |
| postirrigation breeding patterns of surface water mosquitoes in the mahaweli project, sri lanka, and comparisons with preceding developmental phases. | a 2-yr (1988-1989) survey of mosquitoes breeding in surface water was done in an area of the mahaweli project of sri lanka that underwent irrigation development and human settlement during the preceding 3 yr. in total, 78,649 immatures of 42 species were collected during the survey. species of medical importance in the area were anopheles annularis van der wulp, an. culicifacies giles, an. jamesii theobald, an. nigerrimus giles, an. subpictus grassi, an. vagus doenitz, an. varuna iyengar, manson ... | 1994 | 7932596 |
| the epidemiology of myelopathy associated with human t-lymphotropic virus 1. | a progressive spastic myelopathy is one of the principal manifestations of the human t cell lymphotropic virus type 1. recent research is reviewed on the geography and epidemiology of this specific form of tropical spastic paraparesis. first recognized in the caribbean, colombia and japan, it is now also confirmed as a major neurological problem in areas of eastern brazil, western equatorial africa, natal and seychelles, with other scattered foci world-wide. accurate surveys call for sophisticat ... | 1993 | 7687800 |
| [leptospirosis on the island of reunion. iii. epidemiologic study]. | in the island of reunion, rodents and wild dogs can be carriers of leptospires. aquatic environmental plays an important part. human contamination is associated with water and sugar cane. animals are infected by numerous serogroups. | 1983 | 6671268 |
| [leptospirosis on the island of reunion. i. human leptospiroses]. | human leptospiroses in the island of reunion have a common point: they are severe diseases. approximately 50 to 60 cases are biologically diagnosed every year. the number of cases is correlated with rainfall. the predominating serogroup is icterohaemorrhagiae, followed by canicola, grippotyphosa and australis. | 1983 | 6671266 |
| [recent survey of leptospirosis on madagascar. contribution to the study of human, bovine and porcine leptospirosis in the southern region]. | | 1968 | 5756585 |
| paratelphusa rugosa as the second intermediate host of achillurbainia, a trematode transmissible to man. | | 1971 | 5090981 |
| [historical epidemiology of bancroftian filariasis in southwest islands of the indian ocean]. | bancroftian filariasis arose in the south-west indian ocean islands with human settlements. during the xixe century, most of the islands were infected but the prevalence and clinical features of the disease were different from an island to an other. the vectors are cx. quinquefasciatus, an. gambiae, an. arabiensis, an. funestus. even if culex are proven vectors most of the transmission is due to anophelines. the introduction of the parasite was followed by an explosion of the diseases with drama ... | 1994 | 7827525 |
| changes in the prevalence of intestinal parasites in the human population of the seychelles from 1917 to 1977. | | 1985 | 3935786 |
| [ethical aspects of foreign aid for children of the third world]. | | 1982 | 7132981 |
| formicophilia, an unusual paraphilia, treated with counseling and behavior therapy. | the case of a buddhist man suffering from formicophilia, a rare paraphilia, is presented. rather than aiming at the elimination of the sexual deviation, counseling and behavior therapy were applied to alleviate the patient's feelings of guilt and depression and improve his self-image. the 12-week therapy was successful in achieving these goals and in addition resulted in a dramatic reduction of the paraphilic behavior. gains were maintained at one-year follow-up. | 1987 | 3434651 |
| dirofilaria infection in man in ceylon. | | 1973 | 4749081 |
| [evaluation of 30-year-activity of the virology laboratory of the pasteur institute in madagascar (1958-1987)]. | the authors studied the different activities of pasteur institute virology laboratory since it was created. in general virology laboratory, 1.685 viral strains were isolated from 9.533 studied samples (17.6% of positivity). enterovirus represented 90% of the viral strains. from 2.417 taking of rhino-pharynx, 133 myxovirus were isolated: a/h3n2 represented 76% of them. 10.776 patients, from 36.169 antirabic department consultants, were vaccinated and 600 had an antirabic serotherapy. 2.828 suspec ... | 1989 | 2561255 |
| anthropophagy and aggregation behaviour of the sandfly phlebotomus argentipes in sri lanka. | the visceral leishmaniasis (vl) vector phlebotomus argentipes annandale & brunetti is widely distributed throughout the indian sub-continent and s.e. asia. the absence of vl in areas such as sri lanka has been attributed to the zoophilic nature of p.argentipes, since they were not recorded biting man. field studies on p.argentipes were undertaken in the central highlands of sri lanka, near kandy, in may 1988. male sandflies outnumbered females on cows by 19:1, and were regularly spaced at all de ... | 1990 | 2132972 |
| possible rift valley fever outbreak in man and cattle in madagascar. | | 1991 | 2068735 |
| population dynamics of anthropophilic mosquitoes during the northeast monsoon season in the malaria epidemic zone of sri lanka. | mosquito-borne diseases are a major health problem in sri lanka. human biting mosquitoes were collected during the night (18.00-06.00 hours) at nikawehera village, in the malaria endemic intermediate rainfall zone of the country. collections were made at monthly intervals in the period october 1991 to april 1992, which included the main rainy season due to the northeast monsoon (october-january). thirteen anopheles, eleven culex, three aedes, three mansonia and one armigeres species were identif ... | 1994 | 7949318 |
| [identification of the first human leptospira strain in the island of la réunion]. | the first leptospira strain of the island of la réunion isolated from a patient hospitalized at saint-pierre, is identified l. icterohaemorrhagiae icterohaemorrhagiae. the importance and severity of leptospiroses in the island of la réunion are to be emphasized. | 1985 | 3886179 |
| epidemiology of human toxocariasis in la réunion. | in la réunion island (indian ocean) a seroepidemiological survey for toxocariasis was carried out among 387 subjects over 15 years old by western blotting using toxocara canis excretory-secretory larval antigens; 92.8% of the sera were positive. statistical study, including logistic regression analysis, showed a significant correlation of western blot results with sex, age, and absence of water supply. the final logistic model demonstrated that only the last 2 factors were significant multiplica ... | 1994 | 7992328 |
| phylogenetic classification of human t cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type i genotypes in five major molecular and geographical subtypes. | proviral dna was obtained from ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 75 human t cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type i (htlv-i)-infected individuals who were either asymptomatic or had adult t cell leukaemia or tropical spastic paraparesis/htlv-i-associated myelopathy. amplified long terminal repeats (ltrs) were analysed for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps). the results, together with previously published ltr data (a total of 180 specimens analysed), showed the presence of ... | 1994 | 7996161 |
| human enzyme polymorphism in the canary islands. vi. northwest african influence. | the genetic polymorphism of eight red cell enzymes was analyzed in population samples from the northwest african continent and from the south of spain in order to study their genetic relationships with the canarian population. the moroccan, berber and spanish populations, although geographically more distant from the canary islands than the saharan and mauritanian ones, are genetically more closely related to the canarian population. the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gc allele earlier found ... | 1994 | 8039799 |
| [a serological survey regarding flaviviridae infections on the island of réunion (1971-1989)]. | serological prevalence of flaviviridae was studied on reunion island by testing 2,507 human sera from a randomised sample. each serum was tested against 5 viruses (yellow fever, dengue type 1 and 2, west nile and wesselsbron) using haemagglutination inhibition test: 42.68% of human sera were found positive. the multivalent reactions represent practically three fourths of the positive ones. a severe dengue type 2 outbreak on the island in 1977-1978 and the possible circulation of a flavivirus may ... | 1994 | 8061530 |
| the role of streptococcus viridans in human infections in mauritius. | | 1994 | 8080203 |
| population dynamics of anophelines in a malathion treated village in the intermediate zone of sri lanka. | as part of research programme on malaria transmission in sri lanka, a study was made of man-biting anophelines at nikawehera, a village on the border of the intermediate and dry rainfall zones. weekly mosquito collections by night human bait (nhb) were performed inside and outside four fixed stations from october 1992 till march 1993. houses in the village were treated with malathion by the anti-malaria campaign in october and at the end of january 1993. an. culicifacies and an. tesselatus were ... | 1994 | 7944653 |
| [epidemiological malaria surveillance in 3 villages of the madagascar highlands]. | results of the epidemiological surveillance of falciparum malaria carried out since 1987 in three villages of the malagasy highlands are reported. they clearly show the unsteady endemo-epidemic characteristic of the disease with highly variable transmission levels according to foci. at manarintsoa, a south-western village 20km away from the capital, the disease has now fully disappeared after the ravage of 1986. but it might reappear with new imported cases and by lack of antivectorial measures. ... | 1993 | 8192540 |
| [situation of endemic rabies in madagascar]. | the course of endemic rabies in madagascar between 1982 and 1991 is related. rabies has been raging over the whole island and dog is essentially affected, constituting the single vector of human rabies cases. the authors recall the main measures of struggle against rabies. | 1993 | 8192541 |
| [epidemiological stratification of malaria in madagascar]. | madagascar is considered as a sub-region of the afrotropical geographical region in spite of the high endemicity of 95% of the invertebrates. nevertheless the three malaria vectors an. gambiae s.s., an. arabiensis and an. funestus are quite similar to those of the continental africa. this support the hypothesis of their recent introduction. plasmodium falciparum is the dominant parasite but the prevalence of p. vivax is not negligible. it is linked to the asian component of the human population. ... | 1993 | 8192542 |
| [influenza surveillance in tananarive during the year 1992]. | the authors relate the 1992 results of influenza surveillance in antananarivo. 24 influenza virus a (h3n2) strains were isolated from 467 pharyngeal swabs. the virus had been continually spreading from january to september, with a peak in july, along with some monthly sporadic isolations. the highest respiratory morbidity was observed in june and july. the collection processes of influenzal and respiratory morbidity statistics are also discussed in order to standardize data and to define the rea ... | 1993 | 8192546 |
| recombinations in individuals homozygous by descent localize the friedreich ataxia locus in a cloned 450-kb interval. | the locus for friedreich ataxia (frda), a severe neurodegenerative disease, is tightly linked to markers d9s5 and d9s15, and analysis of rare recombination events has suggested the order cen-frda-d9s5-d9s15-qter. we report here the construction of a yac contig extending 800 kb centromeric to d9s5 and the isolation of five new microsatellite markers from this region. in order to map these markers with respect to the frda locus, all within a 1-cm confidence interval, we sought to increase the gene ... | 1994 | 8198128 |
| seroepidemiology of dengue and other arboviruses in a natural population of toque macaques (macaca sinica) at polonnaruwa, sri lanka. | a seroepidemiological study of arboviruses infecting 115 wild toque macaques (macaca sinica) at polonnaruwa, sri lanka showed a high prevalence of antibodies to dengue and lumbo viruses. there was low seroprevalence of chandipura (2/115) and batai (1/115) virus antibodies, but no seropositivity to chikungunya or sindbis. there was no serological evidence of infection by japanese encephalitis (je) virus in spite of large human epidemics in the study area, indicating that toque macaques are unlike ... | 1993 | 8230174 |
| survey of mycotic and bacterial keratitis in sri lanka. | over a two-year period (1976-1977 and 1980-1981), 66 cases of bacterial and mycotic cases of keratitis were diagnosed in the eye clinic of the general hospital in kandy, sri lanka. the clinical and microbiologic aspects of these cases are described. noteworthy was the first known human case caused by paecilomyces farinosus, a geophilic species, commonly encountered as an insect parasite throughout the world. the bacterial and the other fungal etiologic agents isolated and identified were: pseudo ... | 1994 | 7984216 |
| occupational exposure of sri lankan tea plantation workers to paraquat. | absorption of the herbicide paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium) by mixer-loaders and spray operators on a sri lankan tea plantation was assessed over five consecutive days of spraying. beginning on the day before spraying started and continuing for each of the five spraying days and for seven days after the last day of spraying, 24-hour urine samples were collected from each of the workers. potential dermal exposure was assessed during further applications of paraquat on the day after the ... | 1993 | 8261566 |
| htlv-i associated myelopathy in a seychellois immigrant. | to describe the clinical and laboratory features of human t-lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) associated myelopathy in an immigrant from the seychelles. | 1993 | 8316110 |
| low prevalence of expression of p53 oncoprotein in oral carcinomas from sri lanka associated with betel and tobacco chewing. | overexpression of p53 oncoprotein has been demonstrated in a wide range of human malignancies. we have examined the p53 expression amongst 38 sri lankan subjects with histologically confirmed oral squamous cell carcinomas. the mean age of the subjects was 59.4 years and betel chewing with tobacco was the most common habit (84%) with a high percentage of patients smoking (63%). buccal mucosa was the most frequently affected site (68%) with a high proportion (79%) of well differentiated carcinomas ... | 1993 | 8180591 |
| modulation of human malaria transmission by anti-gamete transmission blocking immunity. | natural plasmodium vivax malaria infections in man evoke anti-gamete transmission blocking antibodies which influence the infectivity of malaria patients to the vector mosquito. in this study, entomological, immunological and parasitological data obtained through the monitoring of an epidemic of human vivax malaria in sri lanka were used in a mathematical simulation to assess the effect of naturally induced transmission blocking immunity on malaria transmission. a mathematical model to describe ... | 1988 | 3076711 |
| viral hepatitis complicating pregnancy--a five year hospital based retrospective study. | limited data are available on viral hepatitis (vh) complicating pregnancy from sri lanka. we retrospectively studied all pregnant and non-pregnant women of child bearing age, who were admitted with vh to the teaching hospital peradeniya between january 1987 and december 1991. during this period, there were 187 cases of icteric vh among non-pregnant women of child bearing age, but only 10 cases among pregnant women (hospital incidence of 0.35 cases of vh per 1000 pregnancy related admissions). tw ... | 1993 | 8477484 |
| human infection with dirofilaria (nochtiella) repens in sri lanka. | | 1993 | 8477486 |
| on an infection of a human eye with parastrongylus (= angiostrongylus) sp. in sri lanka. | a metastrongyle worm extracted from the anterior chamber of the right eye of a patient in sri lanka belongs to the genus parastrongylus and probably to a yet undescribed species, related to p. cantonensis well known to infect man. it is mostly a parasite of rodents, wandering in man and unadapted to this host. evidence for this lack of adaptation are that the specimen is undergoing necrosis (teratological specimen) and is located in an organ with little immunological defences. | 1993 | 8509620 |
| the ecology of dogs and canine rabies: a selective review. | although dogs are the most widespread and abundant of all carnivores, the role of the dog in human cultures and its impact on the environment have rarely been studied. these subjects are reviewed in the context of canine rabies. to understand the epizootiology of canine rabies, the ecology and population biology of the dog must be considered. information on dog populations (in relation to different habitats, cultures, social strata of human populations and epizootiological situations) was collec ... | 1993 | 8518447 |
| evaluation of a nonisotopic dna assay kit for diagnosing plasmodium falciparum malaria in madagascar. | this study evaluated a nonisotopic dna assay kit for diagnosing plasmodium falciparum malaria in an area of madagascar where all plasmodium species of human malaria are present and where malaria is endemic. blood samples from 440 healthy children and 20 healthy adults were processed and assayed in a single day in a blind protocol. the parasitemia levels of the four plasmodium species were determined by microscopic examinations and by counts of numbers of malaria parasites per 1,000 white blood c ... | 1993 | 8447525 |
| juvenile limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. clinical, histopathological and genetic data from a small community living in the reunion island. | a series of patients affected by a muscular dystrophy, similar to the original description of a juvenile scapulo-humeral form by erb in 1884 and fitting with the criteria used to define limb-girdle muscular dystrophies, was discovered in a small community living in the southern part of reunion island in the indian ocean. a detailed clinical analysis was conducted over 5 years on a cohort of 20 patients. this community presented a high degree of consanguinity as it was segregated from the majorit ... | 1996 | 8624690 |
| ascaris lumbricoides aggregation in relation to child growth status, delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity, and plant anthelmintic use in madagascar. | the relationships between ascaris lumbricoides worm burden, growth status, general delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (dch) response, and plant anthelmintic use were investigated in a 12-mo prospective survey of 663 children, 4-10 yr old, living in the ranomafana rainforest, madagascar. initial fecal examinations revealed prevalences of 93% for a. lumbricoides, 55% for trichuris trichuria, and 27% for hookworm. after anthelmintic treatment and a 12-mo reinfection period, 428 of the children part ... | 1996 | 8627497 |
| schizotypy and maternal exposure to influenza and to cold temperature: the mauritius study. | a topic of current controversy is that maternal exposure to influenza in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy may place the offspring at increased risk for schizophrenia. however, exposure to cold and to influenza may be confounded in existing studies, and case finding and identification may introduce error. use of measures of schizotypy that are dimensional may be used to overcome some of the difficulties of case identification. data are derived from the longitudinal study in mauritius, an island in ... | 1996 | 8666711 |
| isolation and subgrouping of rotaviruses from buffalo calves in sri lanka. | twenty-eight faecal specimens from sri lankan buffalo calves shown to be positive for rotavirus group a antigen were subgrouped by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, by using monoclonal antibodies prepared against subgroup i and ii antigens. the 13 of the 28 specimens which were classified as strongly positive belonged to subgroup i. three of five faecal specimens inoculated on to roller cultures of ma104 cells yielded group a subgroup i rotavirus. as with other group a rotaviruses isolated f ... | 1996 | 8685545 |
| [rice: source of life and death on the plateaux of madagascar]. | since the 17th century, europeans travelling in madagascar described the contrast between the fever-free plateau and the fever-ridden coasts. the former were inhabited by people of asiatic origins and the latter by african migrants. at the end of the 18th century, "merina" kings developed land irrigation and rice cultivation, using manpower from the coasts. since then, rice has become a monoculture covering most of the arable lands of the highlands. the first malaria epidemic occurred in the tan ... | 1996 | 8705134 |
| comparison of four human studies of perinatal exposure to methylmercury for use in risk assessment. | newer data from human epidemiologic studies of methylmercury (mehg) poisoning in which perinatal exposure occurred are available from four distinct populations. the results of an iraqi grain-consuming population are compared to results from studies performed in fish-consuming groups in the faroe islands, the seychelles islands and in peruvian fishing villages. a comparison of the results indicate that the iraqi population does not represent a sensitive subpopulation within a perinatal group, but ... | 1996 | 8711732 |
| main neurodevelopmental study of seychellois children following in utero exposure to methylmercury from a maternal fish diet: outcome at six months. | methylmercury (mehg) is a human neurotoxin to which the developing fetal brain is especially sensitive. the lowest dose of mehg that impairs neurodevelopment in the human fetus is not known. the seychelles child development study (scds) is testing the hypothesis that fetal mehg exposure from a maternal diet high in oceanic fish is related to child neurodevelopmental outcomes. fish is the major protein source in the republic of seychelles, where a cohort of 779 mother-infant pairs was enrolled in ... | 1995 | 8714870 |
| an analysis of autopsy brain tissue from infants prenatally exposed to methymercury. | brains from 32 neonatal autopsies from the seychelles were examined histologically and analyzed for mercury levels. six brain regions were sampled: frontal and occipital cortex, temporal cortex with hippocampus, basal ganglia with thalamus, cerebellum, and pons with medulla. tissue blocks for histology and mercury analysis were taken from opposing faces to provide for correlation of findings. similar studies were performed on 12 reference neonatal brains from rochester, new york. no clear-cut de ... | 1995 | 8714873 |
| [ocular cysticercosis (o.c.) in madagascar (apropos of 6 cases)]. | cysticercosis is due to cysticercus cellulosae and was know since a long time. human is an intermediate occasional host by ingesting accidentally eggs of tenia. in madagascar, neurocysticercosis are predominating (55%), occular localisations are not frequent (5%) and concerned particularly vitreous humour and retina. diagnosis relies on serology: elisa test, then western blot completed with research of circulating antibody and antigen in the acqueous humor by immocapture. anatomopathologic test ... | 1994 | 8724807 |
| mitogenic activity of new lectins from seeds of wild artocarpus species from vietnam. | proliferative response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) stimulated by new lectins purified from seeds of differents artocarpus species from vietnam (a. asperulus, a. heterophyllus, a. masticata, a. melinoxylus, a. parva and a. petelotii) was studied and compared to those of the lectin jacalin purified from jackfruit (a. heterophyllus) seeds collected in the island la réunion. all lectins stimulated human pbmc to proliferate, with a variable efficiency of the mitogenic activity. ... | 1996 | 8763740 |
| [history of insular malaria in the southwestern indian ocean: an eco-epidemiologic approach]. | madagascar has been isolated from the african continent since the mesozoic era. the archipelago in this region emerged from volcanism during the early and the beginning of the late cenozoic era. consequently, during the prehistoric period, these islands were populated by only birds. parasites and their vectors have been imported. in madagascar (with the exception of the highlands) and in certain comoro islands, their implantation in a favorable biotope was contemporary with the coming of humans. ... | 1995 | 8784538 |
| [malaria in mayotte: past, present and future]. | discovered as a form of intermittent fevers in 1852 and confirmed by blin in 1905, malaria has had a large impact on the mortality and the morbidity of the population living in mayotte until 1976. an evolutionary analysis of the disease shows two distinct periods. the first period between 1792 and 1974 concerns the date of introduction of malaria to the island and the limited actions of the fight against malaria led by different organizations. the second period from 1976, when the program was es ... | 1995 | 8784540 |
| [particularities and stratification of malaria in madagascar]. | the first factor is the malaria parasite, for which the species p. falciparum and p. vivax are important. secondly, the transmission determines the disease stability and challenges the host's immunity. the third factor is the human host, consisting of people of both african and asiatic origin, the latter of whom are more susceptible to p. vivax. human activities such as cultivating rice fields are of paramount importance for the proliferation of the vectors. the vectors a. gambiae, a. arabiensis ... | 1995 | 8784545 |
| [vector control in the epidemics of the madagascar highlands]. | the plateau, or more precisely the highlands, cover most of the central part of madagascar with an altitude higher than 1,000 m. there the climate is tropical with a wet and hot season, from october through april coincident with further outbreaks of malaria. this alternates with a dry season from may through september when the temperature is not favorable to the development of the vectors and the extrinsic cycle of the parasite. the malaria is unstable. the short season of transmission is someti ... | 1995 | 8784547 |