| assay of the heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli in infant rabbits. | infant rabbits were shown to respond to escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin by a consistent increase in intestinal fluid content, which was maximal 5 h after oral dosing. infant rabbits could be used in a simple quantitative assay for heat-labile e. coli enterotoxin based on the ratios of gut weight to remaining body weight 5 h after oral dosing. infant rabbits remained responsive to heat-labile enterotoxin up to 14 days of age, after which their gastric ph became low enough to destroy the ... | 1979 | 381666 |
| [disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic) after endotoxin infusion into the common bile duct of rabbits (author's transl)]. | endotoxin from e. coli was infused into the distally ligated common bile duct of rabbits under the static pressure of 25 cm h2o. fibrinogen, soluble fibrin monomer complexes, antithrombin iii, leukocyte and platelet counts were estimated before, and 2, 4, and 6 h after endotoxin infusion. all parameters were found significantly changed 2 h after endotoxin infusion. while fibrinogen level, at iii, leukocyte and platelet counts decreased after the endotoxin infusion the amount of sfmc increased. t ... | 1979 | 384487 |
| endotoxin, fever and anomalies of development in rabbits. short communication. | e. coli endotoxin was injected i.v. in rabbits (white new zealands) on day 9 of gestation. the rise of temperatures was examined by thermoelectric recording. on day 29 of pregnancy the rabbits were killed, the uteri examined for resorptions and the fetuses inspected for malformations. the results were compared with those of control animals. the group treated with e. coli endotoxin showed a significant higher resorption and malformation rate. on the basis of the slight increase of temperatures (u ... | 1979 | 387048 |
| determinants of the action of phospholipases a on the envelope phospholipids of escherichia coli. | | 1979 | 387763 |
| application of lal for detection of endotoxin in antibiotic preparations. | the limulus amebocyte lysate (lal) test has been investigated as an alternative method to the usp pyrogen test for the detection of endotoxin contamination in these antibiotic preparations: clindamycin phosphate, lincomycin hydrochloride, neomycin sulfate, and spectinomycin hydrochloride. the antibiotic preparations were tested at the maximum concentrations that would not inhibit gelation of lal. the usp pyrogen test was also performed for comparison. the lal and the usp pyrogen tests correlated ... | 1979 | 388463 |
| [primary pyelonephritis (the focal problem)]. | on different experimental models of pyelonephritis in dogs and rabbits an experiment for the classification of the pathogenesis of this disease with the special questioning of the possible development of the so-called primary pyelonephritis was performed. a series of experiments consisted of 3 groups: 1. injection of an e.-coli-suspension into the musculature of the urinary bladder of dogs and rabbits. 2. injection of an e.-coli-suspension into the testicles of rabbits. 3. injection of an e.-col ... | 1979 | 388921 |
| the numerous common antigens of enterobacteriaceae. | a mosaic of proteins is synthesized by each of the enterobacterial species grown on artificial media (tryptose-agar, difco). their existence was proven with the help of sera prepared in rabbits with proteins from: s. enteritidis, s. typhi, s. typhimurium, s. paratyphi c, e. coli, and sh. sonnei. the induced antibodies, strongly precipitated numerous heterologous enterobacterial proteins. the proteins of sh. dysenteriae 4, although reacting against the heterologous sera, were poor immunogens and ... | 1979 | 388941 |
| steric hindrance enzyme immunoassay (sheia); a novel method in enzyme immunoassay. | we have developed a new method for separation of antibody bound and unbound enzyme conjugates. the technique as applied to the assay of choriomammotropin involves the use of beta-d-galactosylamine bound to agarose to separate the unbound choriomammotropin-beta-galactosidase conjugates for antibody bound conjugates. when beta-galactosidase was conjugated with choriomammotropin using the n-hydroxy-succinamide ester of m-maleimidobenzoic acid the affinity of the enzyme conjugate to beta-d-galactosy ... | 1979 | 390656 |
| [fundamental and clinical studies on cefuroxime in children (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 393846 |
| [characteristics of the enterotoxin detectable in the supernatant fluids and cell lysates of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli]. | | 1978 | 394399 |
| [biochemical transformation of animal cells in culture]. | | 1979 | 395971 |
| some biological characteristics of escherichia coli strains isolated from acute diarrhoeal diseases of infants. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the methods of biological characterization of escherichia coli strains, in order to use them as screening tests in clinical microbiological laboratories. in two thirds of the 45 e. coli, isolated from acute intestinal infection of infants, different factors of virulence were found. the strains showed prevalently an enterotoxigenic character (66,6%), which was in correlation with the increased permeability (62,2%). adhesive properties were present in 20% of e ... | 1979 | 396738 |
| antigenic similarity of morphologic type ciii1 bacteriophages. | | 1979 | 397728 |
| age-related differences in thermoregulatory responses to endotoxin in rabbits. | e. coli endotoxin evokes fever in rabbits immediately after birth. in 0--3 day-old rabbits the fever is monophasic and brown fat thermogenesis is mainly responsible for the reaction. in 6--10 day-old animals the fever is usually biphasic and increased heat conservation also contributes to the response. an inverse relationship exists between the endotoxin dose and the latent period before the onset of fever, while the height of the fever is independent of the endotoxin dose. the response is simil ... | 1979 | 398664 |
| hepatitis b virus genes and their expression in e. coli. | a composite dna sequence of regions of hepatitis b virus, determined from a series of recombinant plasmids, reveals the genes for the surface antigen and the core antigen of the virus. the sequence of the core antigen shows it to be a dna binding protein. the core antigen gene is expressed in escherichia coli and when injected into rabbits the bacterial product induces antibodies which react with core antigen isolated from human sources. | 1979 | 399329 |
| enterotoxins of enteric bacteria--a review. | a review of the enterotoxins of enteric bacteria was compiled, taking into account recent developments of the field as well as results of the author's own research work. after characterization of enterotoxins of different origin, their pathogenic role is described, with special attention to the genetic background of these agents. the possible use of enterotoxins for active immunization purposes is also discussed. | 1979 | 399581 |
| studies of the atp dependence of protein degradation in cells and cell extracts. | experiments with metabolic inhibitors in vivo indicate that intracellular protein degradation requires the continuous production of atp. we have established soluble cell-free preparations from rabbit reticulocytes, rat liver, and escherichia coli that degrade abnormal protein in an atp-dependent fashion. these enzymes appear to be responsible for the selective breakdown of abnormal protein that may result from mutations, biosynthetic errors or intracellular denaturation. experiments with inhibit ... | 1979 | 399890 |
| [immunological demonstration of large quantities of glycogen or of a glycogen-like substance in human embryonic colon cells and in colon carcinomas by means of rabbit antisera raised against a strain of escherichia coli 013]. | rabbit antisera raised against a strain of e. coli 013, with a strong antiglycogen activity, were tested on human fetal and normal adult colons, on colon carcinomas, and on colon tumor cells in culture (ht29). only very rare granules were present in adult normal colons when tested with the immunofluorescence method. in faetal colons, in 12 out of 14 carcinomas, and on ht29 cells, the immunofluorescent reactions were similar to those observed in normal liver. the reactions were negative after pre ... | 1977 | 402226 |
| septic shock in obstetrics and gynecology. pathophysiology. | | 1977 | 407404 |
| neonatal endotoxin encephalopathy. | telencephalic white matter of the neonatal kitten frequently contained diffuse astrogliosis or focal necrosis (sometimes including the thalamus and the caudate) following a single intraperitoneal injection of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. no evidence for a disseminated intravascular coagulopathy was found. telencephalic lesions in neonatal monkey and rabbit were also hemorrhagic. enhanced karyorrhexis of glial nuclei was presented in the telencephalic white matter of the neonatal rat. in ... | 1977 | 409336 |
| neutralization of meningococcal endotoxin by antibody to core glycolipid. | antibodies to escherichia coli j5, a uridine 5'-diphosphate-galactose epimerase-less mutant of e. coli 0111, neutralized meningococcal endotoxemia from all three major capsular serogroups. we chose the dermal necrosis of the local shwartzman phenomenon and the renal cortical necrosis of the general shwartzman phenomenon as assays because these are the hallmarks of meningococcemia, and because meningococcal lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a uniquely potent cause of dermal purpura and necrosis. mening ... | 1978 | 418134 |
| antigenic cross-reactivity of major outer membrane proteins in enterobacteriaceae species. | the protein constituents in the outer membrane (om) of several serotypes of escherichia coli and some other enterobacteriaceae cross-reacted antigenically. solubilized om preparations of these bacteria were applied in interfacial precipitin tests to antisera elicited in rabbits against whole bacterial cells, absorbed with their appropriate lipopolysaccharide before testing. the resulting immunecomplexes were analysed on polyacrylamide gels. protein profiles of the immunoprecipitates showed a con ... | 1979 | 479830 |
| a simplified method using commercial milk powder for hand-rearing of the caesarean-derived infant rabbits (author's transl)]. | an efficient and simplified method for hand-rearing of caesarean-derived infant rabbits under gnotobiotic condition was devised. the caesarean-derived infant dutch or japanese-white rabbits and their hybrids (f1; japanese-white female x dutch male) were reared in sterilized vinyl-isolators by hand-feeding with two kinds of milk diets, a and b, consisted mainly ofa commercial milk powder for dogs and cats (esbilac) supplemented with several minor components (table 2) and administered intragastric ... | 1977 | 558100 |
| production of enterotoxin by yersinia enterocolitica. | forty-three strains of yersinia enterocolitica isolated from children with gastroenteritis and 18 laboratory strains were examined for enterotoxin production by using the infant mouse, y1 adrenal cell, and rabbit ileal loop assay systems. all clinical isolates and seven laboratory strains were found enterotoxigenic in the infant mouse model, but none of the strains produced toxin in the y1 adrenal cell system. one enterotoxin-producing strain was also tested by the rabbit ileal loop assay, confi ... | 1978 | 640737 |
| the effect of polymethylmethacrylate and antibiotic combinations on bacterial viability. an in vitro and preliminary in vivo study. | polymethylmethacrylate itself has a slight, long-term bacteriostatic effect on the growth of staphylococci, but while polymerizing the heat of polymerization and possibly the elaboration of monomer can be bactericidal to many pathogenic organisms. twelve antibiotics incorporated into polymethylmethacrylate cement retained their antibacterial activity for long periods in dry storage, but the antibiotics leached out of polymethylmethacrylate quite rapidly in vitro and in vivo. no antibiotic could ... | 1976 | 765348 |
| passive oral immunization with bovine immunoglobulins: enterpathogenic escherichia coli from infants and bovine anti-e. coli lactoserum assayed in the rabbit ileal loop model. | the effect of immune bovine lactoserum (bls) antipolyvalent enteropathogenic escherichia coli on bacterial growth, viability and bacteria-induced fluid accumulation was examined in rabbit ileal loops. human enteropathogenic e. coli strains 0125:k70 (b15), 0111:k58 (b4) and 055:k59 (b5) (1-3 x 10(9) per inoculum) induced secretion of 4-6 ml fluid per 10 cm loop. this effect was inhibited effectively by bls (corresponding to 50 mg igg 1 per loop) while the viability of bacteria counts decreased 2- ... | 1975 | 765710 |
| diagnostic parameters in experimental renal infection. | urinary tract infections are commonly encountered in medical practice but their laboratory diagnosis presents many difficulties. in this study we have used experimental models to assess the value of serum antibody, urinary antibody, rheumatoid factor, and the histochemical examination of renal tissue as diagnostic parameters. under the conditions of the experiment the analyses did provide useful diagnostic information and may prove to be of value in the management of urinary tract infection in m ... | 1976 | 766779 |
| [antibody response to bacterial antigens administered orally]. | | 1975 | 766784 |
| purification of heat-labile enterotoxin from escherichia coli o78:h11 by affinity chromatography with antserum to vibrio cholerae toxin. | concentrated culture filtrate of escherichia coli o78:h11, strain h10407, was applied to an affinity column prepared with igg antibodies to the toxin of vibrio cholerae. elution of the retained material with 3 m kcns yielded a nonenterotoxic protein that precipitated with antiserum to v. cholerae toxin and had three major protein components on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. after treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol, two protein components were observed. elution of the affinity column with 5 m guanidi ... | 1976 | 768387 |
| activation of heat-labile escherichia coli enterotoxin by trypsin. | trypsin-treated, cell-free filtrates derived from enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, strain h197 (o78:h11), exhibited a fourfold or greater increase in heat-labile vascular permeability factor activity and a 10-fold or greater increase in the ability to stimulate secretion of growth hormone by cultured rat pituitary cells. in contrast, trypsin-treated filtrates were not different from untreated filtrates in their ability to elicit a secretory response in ligated rabbit intestinal loops. however, ... | 1976 | 768388 |
| prevention of lethal pseudomonas bacteremia with epimerase-deficient e. coli antiserum. | all of these experiments demonstrate that despite many microbiologic differences between pseudomonas and the enteric rods, there is a close immunologic relationship between their endotoxin cores. these studies also show that by genetic manipulation we can unmask a protective antigen for preparing antiserum with a broad range of activity, even in the face of neutropenia. production of potent human j5 antiserum is a safe, simple procedure, making it possible to consider endotoxin core antibody tre ... | 1975 | 772922 |
| the isolation of duplex dna containing (da-dt) clusters by affinity chromatography on poly (u) sephadex. | | 1975 | 773692 |
| enzyme-linked immunoassay: conjugation of the fab' fragment of rabbit igg with beta-d-galactosidase from e. coli and its use for immunoassay. | 1. a method for the conjugation of the fab' fragment of rabbit igg with beta-d-galactosidase from escherichia coli is described. the method consists of two main steps: treatment of the fab' fragments containing sulfhydryl groups with excess n,n'-o-phenylenedimaleimide, to introduce maleimide residues into the fragments, and then incubation of the dimaleimide-treated fab' fragments with beta-d-galactosidase, which also contains sulfhydryl groups, to form the rabbit fab'-beta-d-galactosidase compl ... | 1976 | 774986 |
| antibodies to the triplet codons aaa, aac, and aug: reactions with nucleic acids. | antibodies specific for the trinucleotide codons aaa, aug, and aac were examined for their reactions with nucleic acids. anti-aug and anti-aac precipitated denatured dna. anti-aaa did not, and moreover, the binding of a tritiated aaa derivative to anti-aaa was not inhibited by denatured dna. radioligand-binding studies showed that anti-aaa was highly specific for the triplet sequence, some cross-reactions occurring with di-a and tetra-a but little with a and poly(a). the anti-codons did not prec ... | 1976 | 774989 |
| synthesis of dna complementary to the mrnas for milk proteins by e. coli dna polymerase i. | e.coli dna polymerase i (klenow subfragment) was used for the synthesis of complementary dna with the mrnas for rabbit milk proteins as templates. the cdna formed, contained 200 nucleotides and represented about 20% of the mrna template. the cdna was hybridized specifically to the mrna templates. the klenow subfragment of the e.coli dna polymerase i was as efficient as the avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase in the synthesis of cdna. the mean size of the cdna fragments obtained with ... | 1976 | 775441 |
| flaming of biopsy specimens for bacteriological culture: surface sterilization and effect on bacteria in the underlying tissue. | the effect of flaming (i.e. dipping biopsy specimens in alcohol and igniting them by drawing them rapidly through an open flame) on the reduction of bacterial surface contamination and on true bacterial concentrations in underlying tissue was investigated in different sizes of liver biopsy specimens in an experimental model suitable for quantitative and statistical calculations. different degrees of surface contamination and of bacterial concentrations in underlying tissue were examined after a ... | 1976 | 775886 |
| [use of media with antibiotics for isolating resistant forms of the cholera vibrios]. | higher stability of resistance to tetracycline in the polyresistant strain of v. eltor under conditions of macroorganism as compared to nutrient media was found experimentally. to increase isolation of the resistant forms of the cholera vibrio it was recommended to use agar with tetracycline or other antibiotics depending on the particular case in addition to the routine media. | 1976 | 776072 |
| [antigenic properties of 1-asparaginases isolated from different species and strains of bacteria]. | immunological relation of l-aspariginase isolated from different strains of e. coli and ervinia carotovera was investigated by the method of specific neutralization of the asparaginase effect on asparagin in the presence of immune antiasparaginase serum and the method of microprecipitation in agar. it was found that there was immunological relation between asparaginases of different strains of the same microbial species. at the same time common antigens were absent in asparaginases synthesized b ... | 1976 | 776078 |
| reversible envelope effects during and after killing of escherichia coli w by a highly-purified rabbit polymorpho-nuclear leukocyte fraction. | the effects of a highly-purified, potently bactericidal fraction from rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes on the envelope of escherichia coli (w) have been examined. this leukocyte fraction has equally enriched bactericidal, permeability-increasing and phospholipase a2 activities, and is essentially devoid of lysozyme, myeloperoxidase and protease activities (weiss, j., franson, r.c., beckerdite, s., schmeidler, k. and elsbach, p. (1975) j. clin. invest. 55, 33-42). rapid killing of e. coli by t ... | 1976 | 776227 |
| relationship of structure to function in bacterial endotoxins: serologically cross-reactive components and their effect on protection of mice against some gram-negative infections. | rabbit antisera were prepared against the heptoseless re mutants, salmonella minnesota r595 and s. typhimurium sli102, as well as against purified r595 glycolipid coated on autologous erythrocytes. the antisera cross-reacted with the endotoxic glycolipids extracted from re mutants of various bacterial strains, including s. minnesota r595, s. typhimurium sli102, escherichia coli d3im4, e. coli d2if2 and e. coli f515, as shown by passive haemagglutination and gel diffusion tests. the anti-re sera ... | 1976 | 778329 |
| antico-operative binding of bacterial and mammalian initiator trnamet to methionyl-trna synthetase from escherichia coli. | | 1976 | 781286 |
| pharmacokinetics of a new skin wound cleanser. | iodophors are effective germicidal agents that have prolonged antiseptic activity in contaminated wounds. a nontoxic surfactant, pluronic f-68, has been used to formulate a safe and effective iodophor. the parameters necessary to regulate the activity of the iodophor were studied to develop a potent, yet safe bactericidal solution for use in human subjects. the parameters found to be most important were the ph of the solution and the concentration of sodium iodide. lowering the ph of iodophors i ... | 1976 | 782268 |
| an in vitro immuno-enzymatic assay of tumor antigens in the mouse with beta-galactosidase. | a method for detection of the primary binding of soluble tumor-associated antigens by antibodies has been developed by using an enzyme immunoassay (eia). a heteroantiserum was produced by injecting tumor cells from a chemically induced murine sarcoma into rabbits, and antibodies reacting with most normal tissue components were removed by exhaustive in vivo absorption. a soluble preparation of tumor cells, obtained by 3 m kcl extraction, was conjugated to beta-galactosidase from escherichia coli. ... | 1976 | 784874 |
| platelet inhibition of renal cortical fibrinolytic activity in the rabbit. | a fibrin slide test was utilized to study the effect of platelets and endotoxin on renal cortical fibrinolysis in rabbits. cortical lysis was absent in kidney from animals made markedly thrombocytopenic with goat antirabbit platelet serum or endotoxin; light microscopy was normal and immunofluorescent microscopy for fibrin was negative. no loss of lysis was detected in kidney of animals given goat anti-rabbit albumin or isotonic saline. plasma from animals with endotoxin or antiplatelet antibody ... | 1976 | 785093 |
| integration of synthetic globin genes into an e. coli plasmid. | rabbit globin mrna has been purified and used as a template by reverse transcriptase. the resulting duplex molecule consisting of rabbit globin mrna/cnda has been linked in vitro to eco ri cleaved plasmid col e1 dna. transformation of e. coli c6oo by this recombinant molecule has been achieved. transformed bacteria acquire the colicin eq immunity of col e1 and a closed circular dna species of 4.40-4.45 x 10 (6) daltons in molecular weight, an increase of 2.0-2.5 x 10(5) daltons compared to that ... | 1976 | 787929 |
| neutralizing antibodies against escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae enterotoxins in human milk from a developing country. | by means of the adrenal cell assay and the rabbit small-bowel loop technique enterotoxin-neutralizing antibodies were demonstrated in all investigated milk samples from severely undernourished pakistani women but, with a single exception, not in milk from swedish mothers. the antibodies belonged to the iga and igg classes as observed in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which also revealed secretory component on specific enterotoxin antibodies, showing that the iga antibodies were primarily ... | 1976 | 790543 |
| the construction and analysis of sucrose gradients for use with zonal rotors. | the rate of sedimentation of a particle in a sucrose solution depends on the viscosity and density of the medium. these two variables are related to the sucrose concentration and the temperature of the medium by new simple equations. these equations were used in a rapid iterative procedure that relates the distance moved by a zone in a continuous sucrose gradient to its sedimentation coefficient. it is shown by comparison with experiment that this iterative method allows the distance moved by a ... | 1976 | 793582 |
| escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic piglets in the province of quebec. | during 1972 to 1974, 112 escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic piglets were recieved from different parts of the province of quebec, canada. fifty-six strains elicited a positive gut loop response in three week old piglets and were then considered as moon's class 1 enteropathogens, while four of the 56 remaining strains reacted only in ten day old piglets and were classified as class 2 enteropathogens. forty-eight strains produced both a heat-labile and a heat-stable enterotoxin, whil ... | 1976 | 793691 |
| microbial formation of nitrosopyrrolidine from nitrosoproline. | the fate of orally administered npro was determined in rats. unchanged npro could be recovered in the urine, while npy was detected in the faeces of two of three rats tested. after successive administration of npro to the same rats, their intestinal contents were inoculated into media containing npro to test for npy formation. decarboxylation of npro occurred in the faeces cultures from those rats whose faeces had contained npy. when the faeces from 10 mice were inoculated into the npro media, a ... | 1976 | 793983 |
| the mutagenicity of cyclamates and their metabolites. | | 1976 | 796692 |
| [isolation of the thermolabile e. coli enterotoxin and the study of its biological properties]. | enterotoxin was obtained from the culture of e. coli o15 by salt precipitation and gel-chromatography. the toxic activity of the preparation increased during the isolation and purification: 60-fold according to the results of the method of ligated rabbit intestinal segment and 66-100-fold according to the skin test. the "plateau" and the second fraction obtained as a result of gel-chromatography were inactive according to the results of the method of ligated intestinal segment, but possessed pf- ... | 1976 | 800957 |
| reconstitution of escherichia coli thioredoxin from complementing peptide fragments obtained by cleavage at methionine-37 or arginine-73. | thioredoxin from escherichia coli (a small hydrogen transport protein containing 108 amino acid residues and having in its oxidized form a single disulfide bond) was acylated with citraconic anhydride. citraconylation of all amino groups resulted in total loss of enzymatic activity with thioredoxin reductase and immunoprecipitin activity with antithioredoxin antibodies; both these activities were fully restored after deblocking of the citraconylated protein by acid treatment. large enzymatically ... | 1975 | 803502 |
| immunological studies of an antigen common to many gram-negative bacteria with special reference to e. coli. characterization and biological significance. | a number of different bacterial strains were analyzed for the presence of common antigens using immunodiffusion techniques. most of the studied e. coli strains had many common antigens. especially one antigen was found in all investigated e. coli as well as proteus and pseudomonas strains and antibodies to this antigen were also recognized in antimeningococcal antiserum. the antigen was found possibly to be at least partly a protein with low carbohydrate content located in the inner part of the ... | 1975 | 803931 |
| the effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. iii. bacteriolysis induced by extracts of different leukocyte populations and the inhibition of lysis by macromolecular substances. | the lysis of 14c-labeled bacteria by hydrolases of human and rabbit leukocytes was studied in vitro. while staphylococcus albus, streptococcus faecalis, and streptococcus mutans were highly susceptible to lysis, staphylococcus auresus was intermediate in its susecptibility to lysis by the leukocyte enzymes. group a streptococcus, listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri, escherichia coli, and mycobacterium smegmatis were very resistant to degradation by these enzymes. the lytic activity of leuk ... | 1975 | 804017 |
| the parenteral application of a new metacycline preparation, tri-metacycline. | tri-metacycline, one of the new tetracycline complexes (tritetracyclines), is prepared by mere dissolution of metacycline hydrochloride in an aqueous solution of the complexing agent. in vitro and in vivo studies show a high antibiotic activity. significantly lower mic values were found for tri-metacycline than for the parent compound. parenteral administration resulted in high sera and tissue values, without signs of accumulation; excretion via the kidneys was proved. | 1975 | 804312 |
| quantitation of escherichia coli o antibodies by direct and indirect agglutination in comparison with a radioimmunoassay. | titres of e. coli 06 antibody obtained with the direct bacterial agglutination (dba) technique, the indirect haemagglutination (iha) technique and the ammonium sulphate precipitation (asp) technique were compared using rabbit immune sera and igg and igm antibody fractions thereof, untreated as well as reduced from beta-mercaptoethanol (me). poor rank correlation was obtained between the different assays on sera whether reduced or not. however, statistically significant correlation was obtained f ... | 1975 | 804452 |
| [some patterns in the distribution of free and bound monomycin in the organs and tissues of immunized animals]. | distribution of unbound and bound monomycin in rabbits immunized against paratyphoid fever and colibacteriosis was studied at various stages of the immunization. the studies showed that the immunological reconstruction had a definite effect on the distribution character and the processes of the antibiotic binding in the vaccinized rabbits. the binding processes in the lymphoid cells increased, while those in the parenchimatose cells decreased. the concentration of the unbound and bound preparati ... | 1975 | 804844 |
| regulation of initiation and elongation factor levels in escherichia coli as assessed by a quantitative immunoassay. | these studies are directed toward determining whether the structural genes for protein biosynthetic factors comprise an operon subject to coordinate regulation in escherichia coli. to assess coordinate expression of these genes, an immunoassay was devided to enable accurate quantitation of initiation and elongation factors in crude bacterial extracts. the antibodies made against highly purified initiation factor 2 (if-2a and if-2b) and elongation factor g (ef-g) are shown to inhibit the appropri ... | 1975 | 805131 |
| immunochemical properties of the membrane-bound d-lactate dehydrogenase from escherichia coli. | the preparation, characterization, and purification of antibody against the membrane-bound d-lactate dehydrogenase solubilized and purified from escherichia coli ml 308-225 are described. the antibody is highly specific for the flavin-linked d-lactate dehydrogenase, and incubation of the enzyme with antiserum results in marked inhibition of enzymatic activity. by means of a radioimmune assay, it is demonstrated that membrane vesicles prepared from e. coli ml 308-225dld-3 contain catalytically in ... | 1975 | 805139 |
| mitogenic effect of bacterial peptidoglycans possessing adjuvant activity. | two purified peptides extracted from e. coli or b. megaterium strongly stimulated the spleen lymphocytes of rabbits and of normal or nude mice. both preparations can substitute for mycobacteria in freund's complete adjuvant. the peptidoglycan extracted from m. lysodeikticus by a similar procedure which lacks adjuvant activity, did not induce blast transformation. however, the monomere of the e. coli peptidoglycan was devoid of mitogenicity although it has also a marked adjuvant activity. | 1975 | 807626 |
| laboratory studies with cefatrizine (sk + f 60771), a new broad-spectrum orally-active cephalosporin. | cefatrizine (sk&f 60771), a new orally-active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, was compared with cephalexin and cefazolin for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetic behavior in laboratory animals. the average mic values obtained with cefatrizine against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were superior to those obtained with cephalexin and somewhat poorer than those of cefazolin. in addition, a large percentage of th ... | 1975 | 808525 |
| route of infection in extrahepatic biliary tract disease. i: experimental evidence against an entero-hepatico-biliary cycle of bacteria. | e. coli and strep. faecalis inoculated intravenously in normal rabbits produced initial concentrations of 10(6) bacteria per ml blood. culture of common duct bile collected continously via a catheter in the common duct, and of gallbladder bile aspirated by puncture, failed to demonstrate a passage of bacteria from blood to bile. sterile common duct bile and gallbladder bile in the presence of high counts of viable bacteria in blood, gallbladder wall and liver tissue demonstrated that the intact ... | 1976 | 818701 |
| spectroscopic evidence for the uneven distribution of adenine and uracil residues in ribosomal ribonucleic acid of drosophila melanogaster and of plasmodium knowlesi and its possible evolutionary significance. | rna was isolated from subribosomal particles of the malaria parasite plasmodium knowlesi. the nucleotide composition (mole fraction) of the principal species was obtained (s-rrna, 0.295a, 0.36u, 0.25g, 0.105c: l-rrna, 0.326a, 0.31u, 0.228g, 0.144c). ribosomal rna was also isolated from drosophila melanogaster. optical properties of these a + u-rich species were measured. in all four cases analysis of the hypochromic effect revealed that adenine and uracil residues tended to form clusters along t ... | 1976 | 821475 |
| chicken liver ribosomes: characterization of cross-reaction and inhibition of some functions by antibodies prepared against escherichia coli ribosomal proteins l7 and l12. | | 1976 | 824452 |
| secondary-structure predictions of calcium-binding proteins. | the known tertiary structure of carp muscle parvalbumin is consistent with an "ef-hand" architecture (helix-loop-helix) for each calcium-ion binding site. primary-sequence alignments have indicated four ef hands in rabbit skeletal muscle troponin c and in rabbit myosin alkali light chains. five secondary-structure prediction methods, based on amino acid sequence only, have been fully computerized and used to calculate joint prediction histograms for several calcium-binding proteins. the joint hi ... | 1977 | 836806 |
| isolation and characterization of the lipopolysaccharide of chromatium vinosum. | lipolysaccharide was isolated from chromatium vinosum by phenol/water extraction. the lipopolysaccharide is found exclusively in the phenol phase and can be cleaved into a sugar moiety and a lipid a fraction by hydrolysis in 10% acetic acid at 100 degrees c for 3-4 h. the sugar moiety contains the neutral sugars 3-o-methyl-d-ribose, d-ribose, l-arabinose, mannosamine and glucose, and smaller quantities of d-rhamnose, d-glycero-d-manno-heptose (tentatively identified), quinovosamine and 2-keto-3- ... | 1976 | 976262 |
| kinetic analysis of chemotactic factor generation in human serum via activation of the classical and alternate complement pathways. | | 1975 | 1088938 |
| photoreactivation in animal cells. | | 1975 | 1089183 |
| the effect of antisera on porcine enteropathogenic escherichia coli in ligated segments of pig intestine. | nineteen antisera produced in pigs against 14 enteropathogenic and five nonenterotoxigenic porcine strains of escherichia coli were tested for their ability to inhibit gut loop fluid accumulation induced by homologous and heterologous organisms. in addition, four antisera produced in pigs by an intensive series of intravenous inoculations and three by a less intensive series of intramuscular injections of a polyvalent e. coli vaccine were evaluated. antisera were also produced in rabbits against ... | 1975 | 1089462 |
| [pathogenesis of toxin caused gastroenteritis of vibrios and coli bacteria]. | | 1975 | 1089519 |
| test for enterotoxigenic escherichia coli using y-1 adrenal cells in miniculture. | a rapid, potentially clinically useful test for detection of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli is described. whole bacterial cultures of enterotoxigenic e. coli, when briefly exposed to y1 adrenal cells in tissue miniculture, effect a rounding response in the tissue culture that can be discerned at 18 to 24 h. the tissue culture technique agreed with the rabbit ileal loop in all 58 enterotoxigenic and 52 non-enterotoxigenic e. coli strains tested. | 1975 | 1089601 |
| receptor sites for antigen-antibody complexes on cells derived from solid tumors: detection by means of antibody sensitized sheep erythrocytes labeled with technetium-99m. | surface receptor sites for the fc portion of antigen-antibody complexes were demonstrated on cells derived from three methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas, one of strain c3h and two of strain balb/c origin, two spontaneously occurring malignant melanomas (b16 in strain c57bl/6 and harding-passey in strain balb/c mice), a moloney sarcoma virus-induced tumor of strain balb/c origin and the walker 256 carcinosarcoma of holtzman rats. primary cell cultures derived from these tumors adsorbed tech ... | 1975 | 1089728 |
| inhibition of intravascular fibrin deposition by dipyridamole in experimental animals. | intravascular fibrin deposition was induced in rabbits by endotoxin, the infusion of fibrin monomer (fm), and by the infusion of thrombin and eaca. a previously developed radioisotope technique was used to measure the fibrin deposits in various organs. dipyridamole treatment of rabbits caused significant inhibition of fibrin deposition in all three experimental models. the drug also inhibited platelet consumption and, in the thrombin- and eaca-infused animals, fibrinogen consumption as well. the ... | 1975 | 1090312 |
| comparative mitogenic responses of t-cells and b-cells in spleens of mice of varying age. | mouse spleen cell mitogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin (pha), conconavalin a (con a), staphylococcal enterotoxin b (seb) and lipopolysaccharide (lps) were studied as a function of age. in cd-1 mice, spleen cell dna synthesis in response to stimulation by pha, con a and seb varied from 18% - 33% of adult values for the first 3 weeks of life. by 6 weeks, the pha response was 63% of the adult response and achieved adult values by 8 weeks of life. in contrast to these t-cell responses, dna sple ... | 1975 | 1090516 |
| enhancement of nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction by leukocytes exposed to a component of complement in the absence of phagocytosis. | enhancement of in vitro nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes may be mediated by a low molecular weight fluid phase component of the complement system. this occurs in the absence of phagocytosis and is associated with an increase in leukocyte hexose monophosphate shunt activity. the stimulatory component may be generated by activating the alternate complement pathway in serum, and shares many of the properties of human c5a. thus, the enhanced spontaneous reduc ... | 1975 | 1090664 |
| [bacteriocinogeny in yersinia enterocolitica]. | bacteriocinogeny was found in 19.8 per cent of y. enterocolitica strains tested. it was designated by the authors as enterocoliticacinogeny and the substance produced by the pathogen was named enterocoliticacine. bacteriocinogeny was found among the collection strains isolated in the south primorye and not among the strains isolated abroad. some cultures of y. enterocolitica isolated abroad and in the south primorye were used as indicator strains for revealing enterocoliticacinogeny. enterocolit ... | 1975 | 1091204 |
| enterotoxigenic intestinal bacteria in tropical sprue. ii. effect of the bacteria and their enterotoxins on intestinal structure. | | 1975 | 1091526 |
| purification and properties of rabbit reticulocyte protein synthesis elongation factor 2. | a homogeneous preparation of elongation factor 2 (ef-2) has been obtained from rabbit reticulocytes. ef-2, purified 1,960-fold, appears to be active as a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of approximately 100,000 based upon the following determinations: sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis (95,000); sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation (112,000); gel filtration (97,000); adp-ribosylation (103,000). the amino acid composition of rabbit reticulocyte ef-2 is almost identica ... | 1975 | 1091638 |
| comparison of fmet-trnaf and met-trnaf from escherichia coli and rabbit liver in initiation of hemoglobin synthesis. | a comparison has been made of the ability of the formylated and unformylated initiator trnas of escherichia coli and rabbit liver to participate in a number of model reactions of protein synthesis. these reactions include: (a) formation of a ternary complex composed of the initiator trna, gtp, and initiation factor mp; (b) apupg-directed binding of the initiator trna to 40 s subunits with initiation factor ml; (c) formation of the artificial dipeptide, methionylpuromycin; (d) formation of the na ... | 1975 | 1091646 |
| enterotoxigenic escherichia-coli-associated diarrheal disease in apache children. | a search for intestinal enterotoxigenic escherichia coli was made in 59 apache children hospitalized with 64 episodes of acute diarrhea. esch. coli isolates from acute-phase and convalescent-phase specimens of small-bowel fluid and stool were tested in three currently recognized models: the adult-rabbit ileal loop; infant rabbit; and the adrenal-cell assay. enterotoxigenic strains were isolated from 10 children during acute diarrheal episodes (16 per cent); none were isolated from convalescent-p ... | 1975 | 1091855 |
| a new method for assaying peptidyl-trna hydrolase. | | 1975 | 1092203 |
| the effect of double-stranded cowpea mosaic viral rna on protein synthesis. | the effect of double-stranded cowpea mosaic viral rna on several in vitro protein synthesizing systems was studied. no inhibitory effect of this rna at concentrations up to 16 mug/ml was found in wheat germ protein synthesis programmed with cowpea mosaic viral-, alfalfa mosaic viral- or globin 9 s-rna. at high concentrations of this double-stranded rna, inhibition of escherichia coli in vitro protein synthesis programmed with ms-2- and cowpea mosaic viral-rna was found, whereas at low concentrat ... | 1975 | 1092369 |
| localization of d-lactate dehydrogenase in native and reconstituted escherichia coli membrane vesicles. | in the preceding paper the preparation and characterization of antiserum to purified d-lactate are described. in this paper the effects of the antibody on d-lactate dehydrogenase activity and d-lactate-dependent active transport in native escherichia coli ml 308-225 membrane vesicles and ml 308-225dld-3 vesicles reconstituted with d-lactate dehydrogenase are described. the results demonstrate that d-lactate dehydrogenase is inaccessible to antibody in native ml 308-225 vesicles, but readily acce ... | 1975 | 1092688 |
| direct influence of endotoxin on cellular respiration. | hepatocyte oxygen consumption was evaluated in vitro in 70 rabbits. in selected instances, escherichia coli endotoxin was added to a chamber containing either rabbit hepatocytes or hepatocyte homogenates. endotoxin directly depressed the respiration of intact rabbit hepatocytes. endotoxin also decreased the oxygen consumption of hepatocyte homogenates. the intact cell membrane is not an effective barrier to the deleterious effect of endotoxin. a patient in a state of endotoxic shock, in addition ... | 1975 | 1093272 |
| the effect of lysozyme on the complement-dependent bactericidal action of different antibody classes. | preparations of rabbit, dog and sheep iga, iga and igm were examined for their antibacterial effects using a complement-dependent bactericidal assay. igm and igg were efficient bactericidal antibodies in the presence of complement; iga, however, contained negligible activity. except for sheep igg no enhancement of bactericidal activity was observed in the presence of added lysozyme. | 1975 | 1093969 |
| immunological techniques for studying beta-lactamases. | | 1975 | 1094241 |
| selective suppression of murine antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity by azathioprine. | | 1975 | 1094641 |
| functional heterogeneity among the t-derived lymphocytes of the mouse. iii. helper and suppressor t-cells activated by concanavalin a. | | 1975 | 1095214 |
| the in vitro and in vivo effects of carrageenin on humoral and cellular factors of natural resistance. | the inhibitory effect of carrageenin, a sulfated algal polygalactose, on humoral factors of natural resistance is discussed. in dependence on dose and time, the influence of non-specific and specific bacteriolysis, on the in vitro and in vivo opsonic activity and on the course of infection was studied. | 1975 | 1095463 |
| afebrile augmentation of fibrinogen and caeruloplasmin synthesis, and neutrocytosis induced by mycoplasma mycoides var. mycoides in the rabbit. | | 1975 | 1095615 |
| release of chromatin template restriction in rabbit spermatozoa. | | 1975 | 1096874 |
| incorporation of fluorotryptophans into proteins of escherichia coli. | a tryptophan-requiring strain of escherichia coli can go through two doublings of optical density after l-tryptophan is replaced in the medium by 4-fluorotryptophan, during which the fluoro analog displaces approximately 75% of the l-tryptophan in cell protein. one doubling occurs in the presence of 5- or 6-fluorotryptophan, with 50-60% replacement of l-tryptophan by analog. when beta-galactosidase is induced at the time of addition of analog, it reaches 60% of the control specific activity in t ... | 1975 | 1096937 |
| pyleonphritis as a side effect of hormonal contraception: an experimental research. | in animal experiments it was proved that contraceptives may cause considerable renal changes. it is necessary to call gynecologists' attention to possible side effects; the contrapaceptives are contra-indicated in chronic pyelonephritis. | 1975 | 1097352 |
| induction of disseminated intravascular coagulation by endotoxin and saline loading in rats. i. the influence on fibrinogen turnover and plasma parameters. | | 1975 | 1098219 |
| common enterobacterial antigen in yersinia enterocolitica. | production of the common enterobacterial antigen (ca) by strains of yersinia enterocolitica (y.e.) serotypes 3 and 9 (winblad), by strains of 5 different y.e. serogroups (wauters) and various other bacteria was examined. antibody against ca was raised by immunization of rabbits with e. coli o 14. extract prepared from s. typhimurium was used for the sensitization of sheep erythrocytes with ca. absorption and haemagglutination inhibition experiments showed that ca could be detected in heat extrac ... | 1975 | 1098394 |
| study of escherichia coli o114 associated with a hospital outbreak. | escherichia coli o114 strains isolated from infants in the course of a hospital outbreak of enteritis were identical with type strain 26w in antigenic structure (o114:k90a, 90b), and in immunoelectrophoretic pattern (orskov's group 1bb) but differed from it in fermenting salicin late (18-22 days) and in phage pattern (group a4); the strains produced colicin and were lysogenic. pathogenicity of the organism was proved by igm type antibodies in a patient's serum rising in a titre of 1:128 and by i ... | 1975 | 1098403 |
| biology of infections of split thickness skin grafts. | the purpose of this study was to identify determinants of split thickness skin graft infection. the bacterial count of the experimental wounds was proportional to the incidence of infection in split thickness skin grafts. when the wound was heavily contaminated with 107 organisms, infection developed under most grafts. graft take frequently occurred in wounds subjected to a lower level of inoculum. the importance of bacterial counts as a determinant of potential skin graft infection was also sug ... | 1975 | 1098503 |
| factors involved in bactericidal activity of sheep serum. | the bactericidal activity of blood, plasma, and serum from sheep was measured with 3 strains of escherichia coli. plasma showed greater bactericidal activity than blood or serum for strains o78:k80(b) and lilly. the antibody-complement system of normal serum killed the rough strain, lilly, but neither antibody nor complement alone were bactericidal. antibody, complement, and an additional heat-stable cofactor were necessary for killing strain o78:k80(b). strain 3662 was not susceptible to the le ... | 1975 | 1098531 |
| enzymic hydrolysis of phosphonate esters. | | 1975 | 1100051 |
| relationships of intestinal enzymes and serum antitoxin to the pig response to escherichia coli enterotoxin. | the intestinal loop technique was used to evaluate the response of three week old piglets to the heat labile (lt) and the heat stable (st) enterotoxins produced by escherichia coli f11(p155). the serum anti-lt activity and the lipase, amylase and trypsin activities in the jejunal lumen of these pigs were determined. piglets responded independently ti each toxin and no relationship between these responses and serum anti-lt activity or the enzyme activities of the jejunal content could be demonstr ... | 1975 | 1100203 |