| hypersensitivity to bacteria in eczema. iv. cytotoxic effect of antibacterial antibody on skin cells acquiring bacterial antigens. | the sera of persons with generalized eczema (whitfield-type) or with disseminated nummular eczema were examined for complement-activating antibacterial antibodies to test the hypothesis that some eczematous change results from an antibody-mediated cytotoxic reaction. bacteria dying in the stratum corneum release soluble antigens, some of which diffuse into the stratum malpighii and become firmly adsorbed to the epidermal cells. antibacterial antibody and complement diffusing into the epidermis r ... | 1976 | 990168 |
| [origin of the staphylococci in slaughtered poultry]. | studied were 382 coagulase-positive and 290 coagullase-negative staphylococcus strains isolated from birds during their post-slaughter handling, from the vats for water cooling as well as from the women working on the slaughter-house conveyor. studied were the phage behaviour, fibrinolysine production, the crystal-violet test and the type of hemolysines. it was established that the coagulase positive staphylococci were lysed slightly by the human and the bovine set of phages. the main sources of ... | 1976 | 1025836 |
| imported methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection: a case report. | the first isolate of a methicillin-resistant strain of staphylococcus aureus at the wellington hospital was made on 31 march 1976, from a man who had emigrated from the united kingdom in 1973. the infection was successfully treated with co-trimoxazole and fucidin. the epidemiological implications of this infection are discussed. | 1976 | 1072283 |
| antibody production and dna synthesis of human lymphocyte subpopulations induced by ppd tuberculin. | purified protein derivative (ppd) of tuberculin was found to induce antibody secretion and dna synthesis in human lymphocytes from blood, spleen, tonsil and lymph node. antibody secretion was measured as plaque-forming cells (pfc) against fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) coupled sheep red blood cells (srbc) in a haemolysis-in-gel assay. peak antibody secretion by 100 micrograms/ml of ppd was usually seen on day 6 for blood lymphocytes, and varied from day 3 to day 6 for spleen cells. peak dna s ... | 1979 | 385183 |
| septic endocarditis and indwelling pulmonary artery catheters. | a pulmonary artery catheter removed from a man with idiopathic cardiomyopathy yielded staphylococcus aureus in culture, as did blood and sputum. septic endocarditis of the right side of the heart was found at autopsy. a review of 438 autopsy reports in which an indwelling pulmonary catheter had been used and of another 493 reports preceding its use at our medical center suggests no association between the use of indwelling catheters in the right side of the heart and endocarditis in the left, al ... | 1975 | 1173900 |
| immunologically active and structurally similar fragments of protein a from staphylococcus aureus. | to study the active site(s) in protein a, partial tryptic digestions of the protein and of intact staphylococcus aureus were performed. fragments which bind to the fc-part of human igg were isolated by affinity chromatography on igg-sepharose 4b and purified by ion-exchange chromatography on phosphocellulose. from a partial tryptic digest of pure protein a at 30 degrees c, ph 8.2 for 30 min we have isolated and characterized six active fragments with molecular weights ranging from 6000 to 8000. ... | 1975 | 1175649 |
| [presence of coryneform organisms (c) in cow udders. iii. fermentation and hemagglutination properties as well as pathogenicity of c. uberis]. | altogether 111 strains of c. uberis isolated from cow udders of a dairy herd were studied. only 27 strains gave positive fermentation without gas formation from glucose, 6 strains from maltose, lactose and galactose, 9 strains from maltose, 4 strains from sucrose, and 5 strains from sucrose and lactose. no fermentation was found in 48 strains; 12 strains decomposed various carbohydrates except glucose. statistically significant differences in the slide haemagglutination test (oh), type a, were o ... | 1975 | 1181560 |
| acute hematogenous osteomyelitis: an experimental model. | the injection of barium sulphate (micropaque) contaminated with staphylococcus aureus into the nutrient artery of the canine tibia produced typical inflammatory bone changes. this alteration, similar to those observed in human hematogenous osteomyelitis, consisted of medullary destruction, spontaneous fractures, and intense periosteal new bone formation. this system seems to mimic the characteristics of some clinical bone infections and may provide a model for therapeutic trials. | 1976 | 1246695 |
| effect of fatty acids on staphylococcus aureus delta-toxin hemolytic activity. | the lysis of human erythrocytes by staphylococcus aureus delta-toxin proceeded without a lag and was directly proportional to toxin concentration and temperature of incubation. lysis was complete within 8 min. addition of saturated, straight-chain fatty acids of 13 to 19 carbons increased the activity of delta-toxin, whereas those with 21 to 23 carbons were inhibitory. palmitic acid was the fatty acid most active in augmenting delta-toxin, but its effect could be abolished by the simultaneous ad ... | 1976 | 1248865 |
| purification and characterization of a staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin. | a staphylococcal exotoxin that causes epidermolysis when injected into the skin of the newborn mouse and man was highly purified by coventional biochemical techniques. with staphylococcus aureus ev, the epidermolytic toxin was a major protein component of supernatant culture fluids. the initial step in purification was zone electrophoresis in pevikon carried out at ph 9.0, the isoelectric point of alpha-hemolytic toxin, which remained near the origin. fractions containing the epidermolytic toxin ... | 1976 | 1262065 |
| stevens-johnson syndrome from ophthalmic sulfonamide. | a 71-year-old man, who had a history of a previous bullous drug reaction to a sulfonamide, began receiving an ophthalmic preparation that contained sulfacetamide sodium. the patient received only the ophthalmic sulfonamide, and it was used for one day, but he developed stevens-johnson syndrome. this is believed to be the first reported case of stevens-johnson syndrome caused by an ophthalmic sulfonamide. the sulfonamides are the best verified drug-trigger for erythema multiforme and stevens-john ... | 1976 | 1267457 |
| [in vitro bactericidal activity of lysosomal proteins in human granulocytes. ii. activity of lysosomes in peripheral blood granulocytes from various donors]. | | 1976 | 1271896 |
| selective immunoglobulin m (igm) deficiency in two immunodeficient adults with recurrent staphylococcal pyoderma. | two adult men with recurrent pyoderma due to staphylococcus aureus and a selective deficiency of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibody synthesis are described. an analysis of each patient's polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis, phagocytosis and killing of staph. aureus, serum opsonizaiton of staph. aureus, and serum and lymphocyte-mediated responses to antigenic stimulation was performed. family studies revealed a possible autosomal dominant inheritance pattern with heterogenetic expression of vario ... | 1976 | 1274982 |
| antibody-coated protein a-bearing staphylococcus aureus: a versatile and stable immune reagent. | the human beta2-microglobulin antigen-antibody system was used as a model to illustrate the versatility of a microradioimmunoassay technique using protein a-bearing staphylococcus aureus cowan i strain (saci) bacteria as a non-specific immunoadsorbent in place of a second antibody. experimental conditions are described for a sensitive microassay which makes it possible to process large numbers of samples more rapidly and with minimum handling. furthermore, saci coated with specific antibodies by ... | 1979 | 368250 |
| expression of two differentiation antigens on normal and cultured human t cells. | an antiserum specific for human t lymphocytes (amt) was used to examine patterns of t cell surface antigen expression and to isolate their reactive membrane antigens. by a quantitative adsorption assay, different plateaus of amt reactivity with blood t cells were observed after serial adsorptions with individual t cell lines. molt-3 cells removed 95% of amt activity to blood t cells whereas molt-4 removed 70% and hsb-2 removed only 30%. a cross-adsorption analysis demonstrated that each of the t ... | 1978 | 355545 |
| [characteristics of the mitogenic activity of different staphylococcal strains]. | the mitogens of human peripheral lymphocytes were detected in the metabolic products of 59 out of 71 s. aureus strains. the preparations of s. epidermidis were inactive. when stimulated with filtrates of various s. aureus strains, 72-hour lymphocyte cultures were found to have 0--46% of blasts. two-year observation of a strain showed its stable mitogenic characteristics. the mitogenic properties of the preparations did not correlate with their coagulase, alpha-toxic, dermonecrotoxic, cytotoxic, ... | 1979 | 316242 |
| intracellular bactericidal activity of fosfomycin against staphylococci: a comparison with other antibiotics. | the intracellular bactericidal activity of fosfomycin was compared to that of other anti-staphylococcal agents. two staphylococcal strains (one isolate of staphylococcus aureus and one isolate of staphylococcus epidermidis) were incubated in vitro with human granulocytes isolated from volunteers. after phagocytosis and removal of residual extracellular bacteria, the cells were resuspended in the presence of clinically relevant concentrations of fosfomycin, teicoplanin, vancomycin and rifampin. t ... | 1992 | 1293056 |
| septic arthritis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | we have evaluated the presence and characteristics of septic arthritis in intravenous (iv) drug users with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. sixteen patients with both hiv infection and septic arthritis were studied and compared with 5 patients with septic arthritis but no hiv infection. clinical profile, laboratory findings at the time of onset, localization, causative organisms, mean hospitalization time and presence of complications were the same in hiv positive and hiv negative p ... | 1992 | 1294747 |
| association between staphylococcus aureus nasopharyngeal colonization and septicemia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | in an attempt to identify risk factors for staphylococcus aureus septicemia, 136 consecutive hiv-infected patients were investigated for the presence of nasopharyngeal colonization with staphylococcus aureus and subsequent staphylococcus aureus infection. sixty of 136 (44.1%) hiv-infected patients had staphylococci which were detected in the nasopharynx on initial culture compared to 12 of 39 (30.8%) patients with chronic diseases and 11 of 47 (23.4%) healthy hospital staff. another 12 hiv-infec ... | 1992 | 1295767 |
| [prevalence of staphylococcus aureus isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis in dairies of the city of san luis]. | in order to detect subclinical mastitis by means of california mastitis test and recounting of somatic cells, 163 cows from the dairies of san luis city, argentina, were examined. seventy six individuals (46.6%) exhibited an inflammatory response ranging > or = 2+ grade and a cellular recounting value of > or = 5 x 10(5), data compatible with those of subclinical mastitis. staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 39 (51.3%) cultures as estimated by the sum of the two last values listed in table 1 ... | 1992 | 1298016 |
| human b cell differentiation induced by microbial superantigens: unselected peripheral blood lymphocytes secrete polyclonal immunoglobulin in response to mycoplasma arthritidis mitogen. | microbial superantigens (sa) activate a significant portion of the t cell repertoire based on their dual avidity for mhc class ii antigens and t cell receptor (tcr) epitopes common to products of one or several tcr beta chain variable gene families. while sa that induce massive t cell proliferation and cytokine secretion have been implicated in clinical syndromes characterized by shock and generalized immunosuppression, sa activation of a more restricted t cell response may also have significant ... | 1992 | 1299344 |
| the effect of phorbol myristate acetate on the metabolism and ultrastructure of human alveolar macrophages. | in the present investigation we examined the influence of the surface-active agent phorbol myristate acetate (pma) and opsonized heat-killed bacteria (hkb) on oxygen consumption, superoxide release, and glucose oxidation of human alveolar macrophages (am). both pma and hkb produced a surge in oxygen consumption, superoxide release, and oxidation of 1-14c-glucose and 6-14c-glucose by human am. examination of am by electron microscopy following stimulation by these two agents demonstrated membrane ... | 1978 | 207188 |
| in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (at-4140), a new quinolone agent, against invasive isolates from pediatric patients. | sparfloxacin is a new oral fluoroquinolone agent with putative activity against common pediatric pathogens. using the broth microdilution method, we evaluated sparfloxacin activity in comparison with those of other antimicrobial agents against 383 pediatric isolates derived from cultures of blood and other normally sterile body fluids. mics were assessed in mueller-hinton broth, serum, and urine, as well as at inoculum sizes of 10(4) to 10(8) cfu/ml. the emergence and stability of resistance and ... | 1992 | 1318674 |
| glycosphingolipids: the putative receptor for staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin-b in human kidney proximal tubular cells. | we have investigated the binding of 125i-staphylococcal enterotoxin-b (seb) in cultured human proximal tubular cells. we found that the binding of 125i-seb to pt cells was time and concentration dependent and competitively inhibited by antibody against seb. preincubation of cells with trypsin and neuraminidase or with fetuin did not significantly impair the binding of 125i-seb to such cells. in contrast, treatment with endoglycoceramidase completely inhibited the binding of 125i-seb to cells. ne ... | 1992 | 1322493 |
| the in-vitro activity of two new quinolones: rufloxacin and mf 961. | the in-vitro activity of two new quinolone antimicrobials, rufloxacin and mf 961, together with the desmethylated metabolite of rufloxacin (mf 922) were compared with other orally administered agents against 622 bacterial strains. against enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa rufloxacin was generally active (mic90 1-8 mg/l) with the exception of klebsiella and serratia spp. (mic90 32 mg/l and enterobacter spp. (mic90) 64 mg/l. the respiratory pathogens haemophilus influenzae and moraxell ... | 1992 | 1324239 |
| in vitro activity of opc-17116. | the in vitro activity of opc-17116, a new c-5 methyl fluoroquinolone, was compared with the activities of other fluoroquinolones. opc-17116 inhibited 50% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested and 90% of haemophilus influenzae, neisseria species, and moraxella catarrhalis isolates at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml. at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, 90% of the enterobacteriaceae were inhibited, which was comparable to or better than the activities of fleroxacin, o ... | 1992 | 1329620 |
| phage typing of coagulase-negative staphylococci. | 218 bovine and 116 human strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci and 46 bovine staphylococcus aureus strains were typed with the verhoef-phage set for human staphylococci and the holmberg-set for bovine staphylococci. 22.5% of the bovine strains were lysed by the bovine phages and only 3.2% by the human phages. none of the bovine staph. aureus strains could be typed. 21% of the human strains tested were lysed by the human phages and only 5.2% by the bovine phages. these results clearly demon ... | 1978 | 151457 |
| [protein a research in 1200 strains of staphylococcus (using a rapid detection technic by passive hemagglutination with glutaraldehyde treated erythrocytes]. | the technique used was that of passive hemaglutination of red cells of sheep prepared with glutaraldehyde and sensitized by anti-erythrocyte antibodies. a protein-a was not found in s. epidermidis strains, but was present in 96.3 per cent of 689 strains of s. aureus from human, animal and food origins. | 1978 | 150897 |
| trends in the distribution of staphylococcus aureus phage patterns in new york state during 1966-1975. | the phage patterns of 15 790 s. aureus isolates collected from human sources in new york state (exclusive of new york city) during the 10-year period 1966-1975 were analysed. the results showed changes in the distribution of phage groups and a steadily increasing incidence of nontypable s. aureus. | 1976 | 142587 |
| effects of interferon-alpha on human b cell responsiveness: biphasic effects in cultures stimulated with staphylococcus aureus. | although interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) has been found to be involved in the immune regulation in vivo, the effects of ifn-alpha on human b cells have not yet been clarified because of conflicting results in the literature. the present study therefore examined the effects of several subtypes of ifn-alpha (natural, alpha 1, alpha 2a, alpha 2b) on b cell responsiveness in detail by comparing different experimental conditions. highly purified b cells from normal human individuals were cultured with s ... | 1992 | 1346369 |
| [capsule formation in staphylococcus aureus as a reason for nontypability by phages (author's transl)]. | in staph. aureus strains isolated from human pathological material the frequency of strains which did not react with typing phages (nt-strains) was found to be about 30%. in one half of the nt strains the reaction with typing phages is prevented by a capsule. the capacity for capsule-formation is lost after propagation of the cells in a liquid glycerol-minimal-medium; thus the cells become typable by phages. the capacity for capsule-formation can be restored after intraperitoneal injection into ... | 1975 | 130760 |
| cleavage of human immunoglobulins by serine proteinase from staphylococcus aureus. | the serine proteinase (sp) released into the environment by most strains of s. aureus cleaves human igg, igm and iga of both subclasses--iga 1 and iga 2. sp cleaves h chains of all immunoglobulin classes and the sc of s-iga, the l chains are degraded partially. the sp-induced cleavage results in a large spectrum of fragments under reducing conditions within a broad range of mr (approx. 41,000 to less than 12,400). this indicates that the enzyme does not affect the ig molecule in the hinge region ... | 1992 | 1372285 |
| spontaneous igm autoantibody production in vitro by b lymphocytes of normal human neonates. | human neonate b lymphocytes display unique phenotypic and functional characteristics: in addition to cd1c antigens, cd5+ and cd5- subsets both express activation markers such as cd23 and bac-1. they proliferate strongly in the presence of various lymphokines (ril-2, ril-4, low molecular weight bcgf), but differentiate poorly in the presence of the same lymphokines, pokeweed mitogen and epstein-barr virus. it has also been reported that human neonate b lymphocytes produce polyreactive autoantibod ... | 1992 | 1376488 |
| evidence for reactive nitrogen intermediates in killing of staphylococci by human neutrophil cytoplasts. a new microbicidal pathway for polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | in anucleate, granule-poor, motile fragments from human blood neutrophils (cytokineplasts; ckp), the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor n omega-monomethyl-l-arginine (nmma) produced a modest decrease in uptake of staphylococci from supernatants (p less than 0.02, n = 7), and a marked decrease in the killing of cytoplast-associated bacteria (p less than 0.001, n = 7). after 60 min of incubation with bacteria, nmma-treated cytoplasts had a mean of over 3.5 times as many live, ckp-associated staphyloc ... | 1992 | 1379614 |
| characteristics of staphylococcus aureus associated with lysogenic conversion to loss of beta-hemolysin production. | staphylococcus aureus strains 7-8 and 57 that produce beta-hemolysin but not staphylokinase (beta + k-) were lysogenically converted by certain serological group f bacteriophages to the loss of beta-hemolysin production and the gain in staphylokinase production (beta-k+). serological group a phage 42e was found to convert s. aureus strains 7-8(beta-k-) and 57 (beta + k-) to beta - k-. conversion of beta-hemolysin by lysogenization of a serological group a phage has not previously been reported. ... | 1975 | 125146 |
| immunoglobulin m synthesized by human lymphoblastoid cells: interaction with staphylococcus aureus and protein a. | immunoglobulin m synthesized by a human lymphoblastoid cell line, la173, was found to bind specifically to the protein a-bearing cowan i strain of staphylococcus aureus. the (3h)-leucine-labeled, secreted igm from these la173 cells also formed precipitin complexes with purified protein a. soluble complexes formed at high protein a/igm ratios retained the ability to bind to the bacterial surface. precipitin complexes also were observed in double diffusion ouchterlony gels with a line of identity ... | 1978 | 100556 |
| solid phase radioimmunoassay for quantitation of antigen-specific igg in human sera with 125i-protein a from staphylococcus aureus. | radiolabeled protein a from staphylococcus aureus (staph a) has been used to develop a solid phase, noncompetitive radioimmunoassay for quantitation of specific igg antibody. the assay involves two incubations: first, agarose-insolubilized antigen is mixed with serum samples for 1 to 4 hr during which specific antibody is bound; second, after a washing procedure, the solid phase immune complexes are incubated for 4 to 18 hr with 125i-staph a, during which the radiolabeled detection protein binds ... | 1979 | 87416 |
| effects of human alpha-foetoprotein on human b and t lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. | | 1978 | 82499 |
| cytomegalovirus specific igm and igg response in humans studied by radioimmunoassay. | an indirect solid phase micro-radioimmunoassay (ria) was adapted for the measurement of anti-cytomegalovirus class-specific immunoglobulin m (igm) and immunoglobulin g (igg). cytomegalovirus (cmv) antigen (ag) was added to the wells of microtiter plates and desiccated onto the bottom surface of the wells. serial dilution of human cmv antisera were added and allowed to react with the ag. the amount of viral antibody (ab) was determined by measuring the specific binding of 125i-labeled goat anti-h ... | 1976 | 62802 |
| human immunoglobulin production in immunodeficient mice: enhancement by immunosuppression of host and in vitro activation of human mononuclear cells. | the affect of host and donor related factors on successful engraftment of human cells into mice was examined to minimize the variability that has been observed in successful development of human-mouse chimera for the study of human disease and immune physiology and regulation. human immunoglobulin production in severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mice engrafted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) was augmented by immunosuppressing recipient mice and activating donor pbmc. im ... | 1992 | 1395094 |
| role of the adhesion molecule lymphocyte function associated antigen 1 in toxic shock syndrome toxin 1-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta secretion by human monocytes. | we previously demonstrated that the induction by staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tsst-1) of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) secretion by human monocytes requires direct t cell-monocyte contact. in the present study, a role for the adhesion molecule lymphocyte function associated antigen 1 (lfa-1) in tsst-1-induced cytokine secretion by human monocytes among 12 normal healthy donors was investigated. monoclonal antibodies to the alpha chain ... | 1992 | 1399006 |
| [a report of two cases of cervical necrotizing soft-tissue infection]. | two recent cases of cervical necrotizing soft-tissue infection are herein presented. case 1. a 52-year-old man with uncontrolled diabetes was hospitalized because of an erythematous swelling of the left side of his neck and high grade fever. fetid yellowish pus exuded from the left parotid area. the swelling extended from the left temporal area to the left supraclavicular fossa, with necrosis of the parotid gland, sternocleidomastoid, masseter and a portion of the strap muscles. wound cultures r ... | 1992 | 1403320 |
| oligomer formation of staphylococcal alpha-toxin analyzed by electron microscopy and image processing. | the 12s oligomeric form of staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin has been studied with electron microscopy after incubation of the toxin with membrane preparations or liposomes. the target material originated from human platelets. different electron microscopic preparation techniques were used including negative staining, freeze-fracture and vitrification in liquid ethane. analysis of micrographs with image processing methods revealed two groups of ring-like structures corresponding to alpha-toxin o ... | 1992 | 1419115 |
| effects of macrolides on ultrastructure of staphylococcus aureus during postantibiotic phase. | the postantibiotic effects (paes) of macrolide antibiotics, such as midecamycin acetate (miocamycin, mom), erythromycin (em), josamycin (jm) and clarithromycin (cam), on staphylococcus aureus and the ultrastructure of the pathogen during the postantibiotic phase were investigated. after exposure to 2 x mic for 2 h, mom showed the longest pae of 3.9 h, while em, jm and cam showed pae durations 1.2, 2.5 and 1.9 h, respectively. on examining the serum levels of these agents in man, the longest pae ... | 1992 | 1425207 |
| identification of functionally active fragments of staphylococcal enterotoxin b. | it has been found that staphylococcal enterotoxin b contains a proteolysis-sensitive sequence in the cysteine loop formed by two half-cystines located in the middle of the toxin polypeptide chain. fragments of the enterotoxin formed as a result of its digestion in this region have been isolated, their n-terminal sequences have been determined and sites of proteolysis have been identified. it has been demonstrated that the n-terminal fragment of staphylococcal enterotoxin b is capable of activati ... | 1992 | 1425690 |
| septic arthritis in hiv positive haemophiliacs. four cases and a literature review. | septic arthritis is rare in haemophiliacs. four new cases who were also hiv positive are reported. in three, the knee was involved, and in the fourth the elbow. the organism was streptococcus pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus in one patient each, and salmonella in two. although all the patients were human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) positive at the time of diagnosis, only two patients developed autoimmune deficiency syndrome (aids) after their septic arthritis. these two died later due to ai ... | 1992 | 1428349 |
| [effect of gentiana violet against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa)]. | the bactericidal effect of gentiana violet against mrsa isolated from clinical specimens was studied both in vitro and in vivo. the results obtained are as follows: 1) minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) of gentiana violet to mrsa was between 0.0025% and 0.08% and the mbc was not influenced even if 25% human whole serum exists in the medium. 2) the number of cells were 2.1 x 10(7) cfu/ml in medium which decreased to 5.4 x 10(4) cfu/ml within 5 min by existing 0.1% gentiana violet in the med ... | 1992 | 1431367 |
| metabolism of the malignant cell, the role of bacterial spores, and a pictorial presentation to substantiate the latter's presence as an etiological factor in carcinogenesis. | the respiration and metabolism of the malignant cell, while in vivo, is anaerobic. this is contrary to a normal animal (human) cell, whose respiration and metabolism is aerobic. there is a factor within the malignant cell which produces a reducing or 'deoxygenating' phenomenon, creating the metabolic anaerobiosis. an animal cell cannot survive without the ultimate oxygen molecule. yet the malignant cell continues to grow and enlarge despite this oxygen absence. even more surprising is the fact t ... | 1992 | 1435401 |
| staphylococcus aureus leukocidin: a new virulence factor in cutaneous infections? an epidemiological and experimental study. | panton-valentine leukocidin (pvl) is a staphylococcus aureus (sa) exotoxin, which kills human granulocytes and monocytes in vitro. among 43 sa strains from cutaneous infections, 12 were pvl producers, whereas among 49 blood culture strains, only 1 produced pvl. most pvl-producing strains (11/22) came from 22 primitive cutaneous infections, especially furuncles and abscesses, while only 1 pvl-producing strain came from 21 secondary infections of dermatoses such as bullous or pruritic diseases. in ... | 1992 | 1446082 |
| neonatal lung defense mechanisms: a study of the alveolar macrophage system in neonatal rabbits. | abnormal function of the alveolar macrophage system may explain the enhanced susceptibility to pulmonary infection in human neonates. this hypothesis was investigated by infecting 1- to 14-day-old rabbits with aerosols of staphylococcus aureus and then measuring in situ rates of bacterial ingestion, inactivation, and destruction in the lapine lung. the inhaled staphylococci were killed within the lungs of 1-day-old rabbits at a significantly slower rate than that for 7- and 14-day-old rabbits (p ... | 1977 | 900631 |
| influence of enoxacin sub-mics on the adherence of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli to human buccal and urinary epithelial cells. | bacterial adhesion is the first step in the sequence of events leading to infection. it has been observed that subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics can interfere with the mechanism of bacterial adhesion. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the capacity of sub-mics of enoxacin, a new 4-quinolone with 6-fluoro and 7-piperazino substituents, to interfere with the adhesiveness of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli to human buccal cells and of e. coli to urinary epithel ... | 1992 | 1473365 |
| influence of hydrocortisone on granulocyte function and glucose metabolism. | examination has been made of the influence of hydrocortisone on the in vitro phagocytosis and intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils and the production of lactate and co2 during phagocytosis of latex particles. in high concentrations, 0.5-2 mg per ml, hydrocortisone caused a significant reduction in the phagocytosis and the production of lactate. neither the bactericidal activity nor the production of 14co2 from (u-14c) glucose in phagocytizing leukocytes was influen ... | 1977 | 899798 |
| leukocyte-platelet interactions in a murine model of chediak-higashi syndrome. | chediak-higashi (ch) syndrome, a genetic disease affecting man and other animals, is partially characterized by defective platelets that lack serotonin and dense bodies and by impaired leukocyte function where chemotaxis, degranulation, and bacterial killing are decreased. the effects of normal platelets containing serotonin and of reagent serotonin on the subnormal microbicidal activity of ch leukocytes were evaluated. the peripheral blood leukocytes of the beige mouse, an animal model with ch ... | 1978 | 687827 |
| [sulbactam-ampicillin in surgery. our experience]. | the bacterial infections constitute a serious problem for the surgeon: the choice of antibiotic drugs is really important and, as often as possible, should be guided by antibiotic sensitivity tests. in this study we used sulbactam-ampicillin (unasyn) who is an antibiotic combination between sulbactam, inhibitor of beta lactam and ampicillin. the preliminary results were as follows: unasyn was administered to 21 hospitalized selected patients, 16 women and 5 man, who had clinical signs of intraab ... | 1992 | 1480290 |
| identification of the disulfide bonds in human plasma protein sp-40,40 (apolipoprotein-j). | sp-40,40, a human plasma protein, is a modulator of the membrane attack complex formation of the complement system as well as a subcomponent of high-density lipoproteins. in the present study, the positions of the disulfide bonds in sp-40,40 were determined. sp-40,40 was purified from human seminal plasma by affinity chromatography using an anti-sp-40,40 monoclonal antibody and reversed-phase, high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the protein was digested with trypsin and the fragments ... | 1992 | 1491011 |
| [alteration of bacteria induced by subinhibitory concentrations of cefixime: consequences on bactericidal activity of human polynuclear neutrophils]. | subinhibitory concentrations of most parenteral cephalosporins have been reported to alter bacterial infectivity and, in particular, to increase the susceptibility of altered bacteria to the killing effects of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn). few data on this issue are available for oral cephalosporins. this study investigated the effects of sub-mic concentrations of the new oral cephalosporin cefixime on two bacterial targets, i.e., s. aureus 209p (mic 20 mg/l) and e. coli k12 (mic 0.15 mg/ ... | 1992 | 1495824 |
| in-vitro activity of tosufloxacin, a new quinolone antibacterial agent. | the in-vitro activity of tosufloxacin (a-61827) was compared with that of temafloxacin, ciprofloxacin and selected members of other groups of antimicrobial agents, against 684 recent distinct clinical isolates and strains with known mechanisms of resistance. against members of the enterobacteriaceae, ciprofloxacin was slightly more active than tosufloxacin, which was more active than temafloxacin. the mic90 of tosufloxacin for all species of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and acineto ... | 1992 | 1506348 |
| lethal and mutational effects of solar and uv radiation on staphylococcus aureus. | strains of staphylococcus aureus, an opportunistic pathogen commonly found on human skin, were exposed to sunlight and uv c radiation, and the lethal and mutational effects measured. sunlight killed cells with an inactivation constant of 3 x 10(-5) per joule per square metre; uv c was much more lethal, giving an inactivation constant of approximately 0.1 per joule per square metre. some strains tested showed a sensitivity to sunlight that was dependent on the growth phase of the cells, exponenti ... | 1992 | 1510557 |
| bronchitis mimicking opportunistic lung infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection/aids. | purulent bronchitis was identified in 19 of 422 patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy during a 32-month period because of suspicion of an opportunistic lung infection complicating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or human immunodeficiency virus infection. five patients had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, but other opportunistic lung infections were excluded in the remaining 14 patients. characteristics of these 14 patients included fever (greater than 38.3 degrees c), cough, and dyspnea ... | 1992 | 1518586 |
| phage susceptibility, enterotoxigenicity and antibiograms of staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from human wounds and diarrhoea. | the phage types, enterotoxigenicity and antibiograms of staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from human diarrhoea and skin wounds in nigeria were determined. of 194 strains tested, 140 (72.2%) were typable using a combination of phages in the international phage set (ips) for human strains of s. aureus and the bovine phage set. ips phages lysed 118 (60.8%) strains while 96 (49.5%) were susceptible to bovine phages. s. aureus strains from adult diarrhoea were significantly (p less than or equal ... | 1992 | 1520984 |
| superantigens in human disease. | | 1992 | 1533055 |
| opsonins in human serum for the phagocytosis of complexes between igg and protein a of staphylococcus aureus. | the phagocytosis of complexes between staphylococcal protein a and 125i-labelled igg is enhanced by fresh human serum and to a somewhat lesser extent by heat-inactivated serum. opsonizing activity is detected in two distinct peaks by sephadex g-200 column chromatography. one peak corresponds to the excluded material and the other to the ascending limb of the second protein peak. the active material in serum is retained on a protein a-sepharose but not on an igg-sepharose column. active material ... | 1978 | 680797 |
| functional properties of human germinal center b cells. | germinal centers (gcs) are histologically defined areas where b cells undergo extensive proliferation and maturation, or die of apoptosis. gc b cells isolated from human tonsils can be phenotypically identified by expression of peanut agglutinin (pna)-binding sites and can be further divided into subpopulations based on their expression of cd77. to assess the functional potential of gc b cells, we studied cd77+ pna+ b cells isolated from tonsils by examining their differentiation status and thei ... | 1992 | 1544165 |
| the complete primary structure of bovine stefin b. | a new stefin b-type low-mr cpi was isolated from bovine thymus and subjected to structural analysis. the inhibitor consisted of 98 amino acids and its mr was calculated to be 11,178. the nh2-terminal amino acid residue was blocked. the sequence was determined by automated sequencing of peptides derived by cleavage with cyanogen bromide and fragments of the inhibitor resulting from enzymatic digestion with beta-trypsin and staphylococcus aureus v-8 proteinase. the nh2-terminal blocking group was ... | 1992 | 1544453 |
| recombinant epidermolytic (exfoliative) toxin a of staphylococcus aureus is not a superantigen. | the epidermolytic (exfoliative) toxins produced by staphylococcus aureus cause epidermolysis and skin blistering. in addition, they have been implicated to belong to the group of t lymphocyte stimulating molecules known as "superantigens". here we show that recombinant epidermolytic toxin a produced in s. aureus is not mitogenic for human and murine t lymphocytes. we discuss the possibility that minute contaminations of highly mitogenic exoproteins may cause the mitogenicity in several proteins ... | 1992 | 1549069 |
| the difference in p53 antioncogene transcription in human monocytes and lymphocytes. | the p53 gene is associated with malignant transformation as well as 'antioncogene' activity. in this report expression of p53 in resting and activated human blood monocytes and lymphocytes was studied. it is shown that human monocytes freshly isolated by continuous percoll-gradient centrifugation contain detectable levels of p53 mrna. stimulation of monocytes by the potent activation inducer staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) for 3-5 h caused the disappearance of p53 mrna. in contrast, inductio ... | 1992 | 1549368 |
| mycotic aneurysms of the hepatic artery. treatment with arterial embolization. | in a 29 year old white man with acute staphylococcus aureus endocarditis of the aortic valve two mycotic aneurysms of the hepatic artery developed during antibiotic treatment. one aneurysm was treated with surgical ligation and the other with gelfoam embolization. successful obliteration of the embolized aneurysm was demonstrated by hepatic arteriography two months later. the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and management of hepatic mycotic aneurysms is discussed with emphasis on arterial ... | 1979 | 582881 |
| evaluation of human monocyte function in vitro. | mononuclear phagocytes play a role in immunologic phenomena as well as in defence reactions of the organism. it is therefore important that clinicians have possibilities of evaluating their functions. a combination of simple and reproducible methods was set up to make this evaluation possible. the tests described in this paper are performed using peripheral blood monocytes and include: (1) phagocytic capacity of staphylococcus aureus and 51cr-labelled sheep erythrocytes, (2) bactericidal capacit ... | 1979 | 525978 |
| passive protection by human serum in mice infected with encapsulated staphylococcus aureus. | the occurrence and nature of passive protective antibody in 100 samples of human serum was investigated in mice challenged with strains of staphylococcus aureus capsular types a (smith diffuse strain) and b (strain ns58d). sixty of the sera passively protected mice against the capsular type-a strain, three against type b, and one against both types. rabbit antisera against human igg, iga and igm could remove the protective activity from a human serum of high potency, and the activity was also se ... | 1979 | 469929 |
| staphylococci outside the hospital. staphylococcus aureus in sheep. | biochemical properties were studied in staph. aureus strains obtained from the anterior nares of healthy sheep and from the udders of ewes suffering from purulent mastitis. of the total number of 84 isolated staphylococcal strains 75 (89.3%) were classified as the c biotype. these undoubtedly sheep-adapted staphylococci produced pigment and beta hemolysin, they were growing on crystal violet agar as the negative type in violet colonies lacking both fibrinolysin and alpha hemolysin. all of them c ... | 1976 | 987676 |
| circulating staphylococcal antigen in humans and immune rabbits with endocarditis due to staphylococcus aureus: inhibition of detection by preexisting antibodies. | a radioimmunoassay for staphylococcal antigen that had detected antigenemia in each of 12 nonimmune rabbits with staphylococcal endocarditis detected antigen in sera from one of nine humans and two of eight immune rabbits with staphylococcus aureus endocarditis. staphylococcal antigens could be detected at concentrations as low as 0.78 microgram/ml when diluted in normal rabbit serum, compared with 6.25 microgram/ml when diluted in normal human serum and greater than 25 microgram/ml when diluted ... | 1979 | 458201 |
| lymphocyte stimulation by protein a of staphylococcus aureus. | protein a from staphylococcus aureus (spa) is known to bind to the fc region of most mammalian igg classes. in the present article data are presented showing that spa is a highly efficient mitogen for human peripheral b lymphocytes, with no detectable activity for t lymphocytes. in order to achieve optimal stimulating conditions spa should be presented to the lymphocytes on an insoluble matrix, such as the spa-positive bacteria themselves or spa covalently attached to sephadex or sepharose beads ... | 1976 | 1086776 |
| identification of the bactericidal domain of lactoferrin. | we report the existence of a previously unknown antimicrobial domain near the n-terminus of lactoferrin in a region distinct from its iron-binding sites. a single active peptide representing this domain was isolated following gastric pepsin cleavage of human lactoferrin, and bovine lactoferrin, and sequenced by automated edman degradation. the antimicrobial sequence was found to consist mainly of a loop of 18 amino acid residues formed by a disulfide bond between cysteine residues 20 and 37 of h ... | 1992 | 1599934 |
| staphylococcal enterotoxin-activated spleen cells passively transfer diabetes in bb/wor rat. | bb/wor rats develop spontaneous autoimmune diabetes similar to human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. a t-cell-mediated pathogenesis for bb/wor diabetes is indicated because disease is prevented by neonatal or adult thymectomy and treatment of diabetes-prone rats with monoclonal antibodies directed against cd5 or cd8 t-cell surface markers. disease can be adoptively transferred with injections of concanavalin a-activated spleen cells from either acutely diabetic or rt6.1 t-cell-depleted diab ... | 1992 | 1607077 |
| effect of pine seed shell extract on microbial and viral infection. | pretreatment of mice with ammonia extract of seed shell of pinus koraicenis, via the intraperitoneal or intravenous route, effectively protected them from lethal infection of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus. the pine seed shell extract also moderately inhibited syncytium formation and cytopathogenic effect induced by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in cultured human lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-1) positive mt-4 cells. these data suggest a medicin ... | 1992 | 1627738 |
| comparison of in vitro adherence of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus to human nasal epithelial cells. | reported nasal carriage rates of personnel caring for patients with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) range from 1% to 6% in contrast to nasal carriage rates of 45%-65% for methicillin-sensitive s. aureus (mssa) in health care personnel under nonepidemic conditions. one proposed explanation for these conflicting observations was examined, namely that mssa and mrsa differ in their ability to adhere to nasal epithelial cells. the adherence of 6 genotypically distinct strains of ms ... | 1992 | 1634812 |
| double-antibody method and the protein-a-bearing staphylococcus aureus cells method compared for separating bound and free antigen in radioimmunoassay. | we compared the protein-a-bearing staphylococcus aureus immunoadsorbent to the double-antibody precipitation method for separating bound and free radiolabeled antigen in a radioimmunoassay. with human albumin (antigen) and rabbit anti-human albumin (antibody) as a model, our results indicate that formalin-fixed, heat-killed s. aureus cells could be substituted for the double-antibody precipitation method. ease of preparation and high adsorption capacity of protein-a-bearing s. aureus for most ma ... | 1979 | 436246 |
| inhibition of epstein-barr virus infection in vitro and in vivo by soluble cr2 (cd21) containing two short consensus repeats. | the extracellular domain of cr2, the epstein-barr virus (ebv)/c3d receptor of b lymphocytes, contains 15 or 16 tandemly arranged short consensus repeat elements (scr). recombinant cr2 proteins containing scr 1 and 2 fused to staphylococcus aureus protein a (pa-cr2) and to murine complement factor h scr 20 (cr2fh) were expressed in escherichia coli and in insect cells, respectively. these recombinant cr2 molecules retained functional activity as indicated by their ability to bind to c3dg in an en ... | 1991 | 1645784 |
| enhancement of macrophage superoxide anion production by amphotericin b. | amphotericin b (amb) appears to have some important immunomodulatory effects, but its mechanism of action has not been explained. we investigated the effects of amb on activation of human monocyte-derived macrophages. macrophages cultured in the presence of amb had an enhanced capacity to produce superoxide anion after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate. this enhancement was dose dependent within a therapeutic range of amb levels (0.1 to 3.0 mg/liter). macrophages cultured in the presenc ... | 1991 | 1649568 |
| phagocytic functions and tumor necrosis factor secretion of human monocytes exposed to natural porcine surfactant (curosurf). | in this study we have analyzed various phagocytic functions and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) secretion of human monocytes exposed to either a biochemically well-defined porcine surfactant or a purified phospholipid preparation. adherence, random migration, and chemotactic response to zymosan activated serum and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine were normal in surfactant-treated monocytes; surfactant was not a chemotactic stimulus. in contrast, phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus by monocyte ... | 1991 | 1653936 |
| studies on the binding of staphylococcal 125i-labeled alpha-toxin to rabbit erythrocytes. | staphylococcal alpha-toxin, a hemolytic exotoxin, can be iodinated using the lactoperoxidase method. 125 i-labeled alpha-toxin binds to rabbit erythrocytes in an apparently irreversible and highly specific manner. the binding of 125 i-labeled alpha-toxin to erythrocytes of rabbit and human reflects the species specificity of native alpha-toxin. binding of 125i-labeled alpha-toxin is blocked by the presence of native alpha-toxin, 127i-labeled alpha-toxin, or anti-alpha-toxin antibody. simultaneou ... | 1976 | 1276142 |
| effect of protein binding of daptomycin on mic and antibacterial activity. | a higher rate of clinical failures in patients treated with daptomycin (2 mg/kg of body weight, given once daily) compared with rates in patients treated with conventional regimens caused early termination of this comparative clinical trial. one explanation for these failures could be that daptomycin is highly protein bound and that the concentration of the unbound active drug is too low for antibacterial activity. to assess this explanation, we studied the binding of daptomycin to proteins by u ... | 1991 | 1667253 |
| responsiveness of chronic lymphocytic leukemia b cells activated via surface igs or cd40 to b-cell tropic factors. | recent studies performed in the laboratory have established that interleukin-4 (il-4) used in combination with anti-cd40 monoclonal antibody (moab) 89 presented on ltk- mouse fibroblasts stably expressing human fc gamma rii/cdw32 (referred to as the cd40 system) sustains long-term proliferation of normal human b cells. in the present study, b-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias (b-clls) activated through slgs or cd40 were examined for their capacity to proliferate and differentiate in response to ... | 1992 | 1281692 |
| expression of the hox-2.3 homeobox gene in human lymphocytes and lymphoid tissues. | homeobox proteins are sequence-specific dna-binding proteins initially implicated in the control of gene expression in developing tissues; however, there is increasing evidence that these proteins are important in gene regulation in adult tissues. a cdna for the homeobox gene hox-2.3 was isolated from an adult human b-lymphocyte cdna library. northern blot analysis showed expression of a 1.1 and a 1.6 kb messenger rna (mrna) in a human b-cell line. rnase protection assays demonstrated variable e ... | 1991 | 1676919 |
| regulated expression and function of cd11c/cd18 integrin on human b lymphocytes. relation between attachment to fibrinogen and triggering of proliferation through cd11c/cd18. | cd11c/cd18 (p150,95) is a beta 2 integrin expressed by myeloid, natural killer and certain lymphoid cells such as some cytotoxic t cell clones and b cell malignancies. we have studied the expression and function of cd11c on resting and activated b lymphocytes. flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, and mrna analyses showed that cell activation with phorbol esters or with a variety of stimuli such as staphylococcus aureus or anti-mu antibodies in combination with cytokines induced de novo cd11c/cd1 ... | 1991 | 1683891 |
| binding competition of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and other staphylococcal exoproteins for receptors on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | binding of toxic shock toxin 1 (tsst-1) and staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) was investigated by using 125i-labeled ligands. scatchard analyses revealed similar numbers of receptors (approximately 5,000 to 8,000) and similar dissociation constants (kd, approximately 20 to 25 nm) per pbmc. sea but not enterotoxin b, c1, c2, c3, d, or e significantly inhibited binding of 125i-tsst-1 to pbmc. cross-competition of tsst-1 and sea in binding assays ... | 1990 | 1694828 |
| the role of capsular antigens in staphylococcus aureus immunity. | most clinical blood isolates of staphylococcus aureus have been shown to be encapsulated. techniques are now available for the preparation of type-specific capsular antisera and to provide reliable serologic methods for the identification of clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus. epidemiologic studies in the u.s.a. and europe indicated the prevalence of capsular types 5 and 8 among clinical isolates from human, bovine, and poultry. encapsulated types 5 and 8 resisted in vitro phagocytosis a ... | 1992 | 1303685 |
| the lfa-3 adhesion pathway is differently utilized by superantigen-activated human cd4+ t-cell subsets. | the superantigen sea binds to mhc class ii molecules and activates a large fraction of t cells as a result of interaction with particular tcr-v beta sequences. mhc class ii transfected cho cells induce a marginal cd4+ t-cell proliferation in the presence of sea. cho cells transfected with both mhc class ii and lfa-3 (hla-dr4/lfa-3 double transfectants) supported a vigorous t-cell proliferation and required 1000-fold lower sea concentration than dr4-transfected cells. dr4/lfa-3 double transfectan ... | 1992 | 1380180 |
| protein l. a bacterial ig-binding protein that activates human basophils and mast cells. | peptostreptococcus magnus strain 312 (10(6) to 10(8)/ml), which synthesizes a protein capable of binding to kappa l chains of human ig (protein l), stimulated the release of histamine from human basophils in vitro. p. magnus strain 644, which does not synthesize protein l, did not induce histamine secretion. soluble protein l (3 x 10(-2) to 3 micrograms/ml) induced histamine release from human basophils. the characteristics of the release reaction were similar to those of rabbit igg anti-fc frag ... | 1990 | 1698870 |
| influenza a virus potentiates bacteria-induced histamine release. examination of normal individuals and patients allergic to bacteria. | influenza a virus was found to enhance basophil histamine release induced by escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus sanguis, but did not per se release histamine. this potentiating effect of the virus was seen both when the bacteria-induced mediator release was ige-dependent (i.e. patient allergic to bacterium) and when the bacterium caused histamine release by a non-immunological mechanism independent of ige (putative sugar-le ... | 1990 | 1700889 |
| action of staphylococcal exfoliative toxins on epidermal cell cultures and organotypic skin. | in the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, spontaneous intraepithelial cleavages are due to the exfoliative toxins a or b (eta or etb). until now, these toxins have been studied either on epidermis or on organotypic skin cultures. in the present study, we compare the effects of these toxins on human keratinocyte cell cultures to those on human and mouse organotypic skin cultures. with concentrations of eta or etb of 1 mg/ml for 3 hours, spontaneous intraepithelial cleavages were noted in both ... | 1990 | 1703553 |
| surface immunoglobulin ligands and cytokines differentially affect proliferation and antibody production by human cd5+ and cd5- b lymphocytes. | normal human peripheral blood b lymphocytes were separated into cd19+ cd5+ and cd19+ cd5- subsets by dual-color facs sorting. in most experiments the cells were activated with staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) and cultured in the absence or presence of recombinant human il-1 alpha, il-2, or il-6, or combinations of these cytokines. unstimulated cd5+ and cd5- b cells showed a comparable, low level of incorporation of [3h]thymidine into dna. sac stimulated proliferation of cd5+ and cd5- b cells, ... | 1990 | 1703783 |
| production of experimental staphylococcal impetigo in mice. | we produced a staphylococcal impetigo model by epicutaneous inoculation in mature mice. a strain isolated from a human impetigo was used. five-week-old female mice (ddy-strain) were used with and without pre-treatment by cyclophosphamide (cy) (2 mg/mouse) for 5 days. the back skin of mice was shaved by a razor blade and slightly abraded by sand paper. bacterial suspension (1.4 x 10(7) cfu/0.05 ml) was applied on the abraded areas which were then occluded under sterile plastic plaster. although i ... | 1992 | 1390457 |
| lung abscess in children in harare, zimbabwe. | despite the rarity of lung abscess in children, 24 patients were treated at harare central hospital during the 10 year period (1979 to 1988). the bacteriology and clinical findings of the 24 patients are presented. bacteria were isolated from 18 patients. the most frequent isolates were staphylococcus aureus, group a beta haemolytic streptococci, and pseudomonas aeroginosa. most of the abscesses followed measles, empyema or an episode of aspiration. the patients were managed with bronchoscopy, p ... | 1992 | 1473506 |
| [the range of antigenic specificity of bifidobacterium peptidoglycan]. | the antigenic relationships of bifidobacterium bifidum 1 peptidoglycans with different strains of this species (lva-3, 791, go-4), bifidobacteria of other species (b. adolescentis go-13, b. breve 79-38, b. lactentis 79-41, b. longum go-3) and bacteria of remote taxonomic groups (streptococcus faecalis 6-3. staphylococcus aureus com 885, s. epidermidis com 2124. lactobacillus plantarum 1, escherichia coli m-17) were studied on the basis of a highly sensitive test system permitting the registratio ... | 1991 | 1716036 |
| information analysis of immune and endocrine organs. morphological changes in the course of infection. | morphological and morphometric studies were conducted into lymphoid and endocrine organs of 259 human adults and infants with pyoinflammatory diseases (pid) and of 300 experimental mice. informative and correlation analyses of the data thus recorded provided evidence to the effect that in the course of an infection process adaptation and compensation responses were characterized by intensified exchange of information within the immune-endocrine system (ies). septic courses of pid were found to b ... | 1992 | 1477084 |
| effects of recombinant human granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors on neutrophil function following autologous bone marrow transplantation. | functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils was assessed in eight patients at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks following autologous bone marrow transplantation (abmt). functions studied included superoxide generation (o2-) intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus, phagocytosis and killing of candida albicans. neutrophils were tested following in vitro preincubation with 300 pm granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf), 1.2 nm granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) or ... | 1991 | 1722549 |
| microbiological evaluation of cefpodoxime proxetil. | cefpodoxime, the active de-esterified molecule of the orally absorbable cephalosporin cefpodoxime proxetil, inhibits streptococci, neisseria spp., and most enterobacteriaceae, with mic50 and/or mic90 values of less than or equal to 2 mg/l; with regard to the latter family of bacteria, the mic50 and/or mic90 values of cefpodoxime are consistently greater than or equal to 4 mg/l for only enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, and morganella morganii. the mic50 of cedpodox ... | 1991 | 1726210 |
| staphylococcal l-asparaginase: antilymphoma and immunosuppressive action. | staphylococcal l-asparaginase inhibits blastic transformation of human lymphocytes and growth of mice leukemia lymphoblasts l5178y-r. the enzyme is removed from blood stream of dba/2 mice very rapidly. | 1991 | 1726614 |
| staphylococcal enterotoxin-mediated human t-t cell interactions. | staphylococcal enterotoxins (se) are known to stimulate a large proportion of t cells. se bind to mhc-class ii molecules on apc and a particular segment of certain tcr v beta and v gamma gene products. resting human t cells do not express hla class ii ag and therefore cannot present se to t cells. activated human t cells, however, do express hla-dr, -dp, and -dq ag and could consequently serve as apc for se. as such, local immune responses to se might be regulated and/or abrogated by se-mediated ... | 1992 | 1535087 |