| chest manifestations of aids. | chest radiographs, computed tomography and gallium scanning are useful in diagnosing the pulmonary manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. most opportunistic infections in patients with aids affect the lung as the primary target organ. bilateral perihilar or basilar interstitial infiltrates, which may progress to the ground-glass appearance of adult respiratory distress syndrome, are commonly seen in cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. unilateral or miliary infiltrates and cav ... | 1992 | 1728087 |
| evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using mycobacterial saline-extracted antigen for the serodiagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis. | the efficacy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was evaluated in the sera of 215 individuals as a diagnostic aid in abdominal tuberculosis. the subjects had abdominal tuberculosis (group 1), intestinal disorders other than tuberculosis (group 2), cirrhosis of the liver (group 3), and peritoneal malignancy (group 4). sera from patients of pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy volunteers (group 5) were also analyzed for enzyme activity and served as positive and negative controls. in patien ... | 1992 | 1728106 |
| t-cell immune responses in mycobacterium avium-infected mice. | mycobacterium avium infection was substantially more severe in c57bl/6 (bcgs) than in (c57bl/6 x dba/2)f1 hybrid (bcgr) mice both in terms of bacterial growth in the spleens and lungs and in host survival. prior mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination resulted in increased resistance as well as enhanced tuberculin hypersensitivity to both ppd-s (mycobacterium tuberculosis) and ppd-a (m. avium). mice heavily infected with m. avium were used as t-cell donors in an adoptive transfer system. substantial ... | 1992 | 1729179 |
| in vitro characterization of t cells from mycobacterium w-vaccinated mice. | tuberculosis caused by the intracellular bacterial pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis still represents a major health problem, and its effective control would best be accomplished by active vaccination. although vaccination with m. bovis bcg has proven highly effective in certain parts of the world, in several developing countries it has been found to confer only marginal protection. hence, novel vaccination strategies are warranted. mycobacterium w is a saprophytic cultivable mycobacterium whi ... | 1992 | 1729188 |
| genital tuberculosis at tygerberg hospital--prevalence, clinical presentation and diagnosis. | over a period of 30 months (1 july 1986-31 december 1988) 57 cases of genital tuberculosis were diagnosed at tygerberg hospital. forty of these cases were diagnosed as a result of routine screening in 650 patients who presented with infertility and the other 17 were diagnosed in patients admitted to the gynaecological wards. the prevalence in patients presenting with infertility was 6.15%. the commonest gynaecological presenting symptom was infertility (73.7%). dysmenorrhoea in 29.8% and deep dy ... | 1992 | 1729727 |
| t cell activation within different intraocular compartments during experimental uveitis. | | 1992 | 1730349 |
| primary vaginal tuberculosis after vaginal carcinoma. | a case of primary vaginal tuberculosis is reported. a 62-year-old woman presented with a slightly eroded, granular vaginal lesion 10 months after radiation therapy for stage ii vaginal squamous cell carcinoma. she had previously undergone a total abdominal hysterectomy and left salpingo-oophorectomy at age 37 for abnormal uterine bleeding. this presentation of genital tract tuberculosis is unusual because of the location of the primary lesion, the age at presentation, the occurrence after radiat ... | 1992 | 1730418 |
| epidemiologic classics of carter, maxcy, trudeau, and smith. | four great epidemiologists whose work so concisely linked clinical observations, epidemiologic clues, and logical preventive measures are discussed. henry rose carter set the stage for the walter reed successes in cuba by showing that 9-16 days must elapse after contact before yellow fever develops. this provided the link for the reed group to allow the "virus" to incubate in the mosquito before becoming infectious. kenneth maxcy clarified the controversy between endemic typhus fever and brill's ... | 1992 | 1730891 |
| contemporary management of cervical tuberculosis. | although excisional biopsy has traditionally been required to diagnose cervical tuberculosis (tb), fine needle aspiration biopsy (fnab) has also been found to be useful. the presentation and management of 47 patients diagnosed with cervical tb between 1984 and 1988 were retrospectively reviewed. chest x-rays were normal in 58% of the patients, and purified protein derivative (ppd) skin testing was positive in 96%. when fnab was used, tb could be suspected in 83% of cases and definitively establi ... | 1992 | 1731159 |
| activation of synovial fluid t lymphocytes by 60-kd heat-shock proteins in patients with inflammatory synovitis. | synovial fluid lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and with other forms of inflammatory synovitis demonstrate enhanced proliferative responses to mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens, in particular, the 65-kd heat-shock protein. there is a high degree of homology between the human and the mycobacterial 60-kd family of heat-shock proteins. these studies were performed to determine if the enhanced response to the mycobacterial 65-kd heat-shock protein was due to cross-reactivity of ... | 1992 | 1731814 |
| multidrug-resistant tuberculosis poses challenge. | | 1992 | 1732639 |
| the expression of hla-dr by monocytes from black and from white donors: different requirements for protein synthesis. | epidemiologic data indicates that blacks may be more susceptible than whites to infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis. resistance to the in vivo growth of mycobacteria in mice correlates with the persistence of mhc class ii expression by peritoneal macrophages. the expression of hla-dr by human monocytes from different groups of individuals also differs. the increase in the expression of hla-dr by monocytes that occurs upon in vitro culture was prevented by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycl ... | 1992 | 1733632 |
| immunization of mice with mycobacterial culture filtrate proteins. | culture filtrate proteins were obtained from mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures after 7 days growth in proskauer and beck medium. the protein yield increased substantially to peak about the time the number of viable organisms reached its maximum level (day 8). examination of the protein concentrate by sds-page revealed the presence of at least 12 separate protein bands varying from 10 to 90 kd. mice were injected subcutaneously with 20 micrograms of m. tuberculosis culture filtrate (mtcf) prote ... | 1992 | 1733641 |
| use of polymerase chain reaction for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. | a dna amplification assay using the polymerase chain reaction technique designed for the rapid identification of mycobacterium bovis organisms was used to test 211 human mycobacterial isolates and 177 clinical specimens previously submitted for routine mycobacterial culture. the procedures described could be used by routine or specialist laboratories for identification of m. tuberculosis complex organisms in 4 h and/or as a rapid screening method for the direct detection of m. tuberculosis compl ... | 1992 | 1734065 |
| cerebrospinal fluid isoniazid concentrations in children with tuberculous meningitis: the influence of dosage and acetylation status. | cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and plasma isoniazid (inh) concentrations were determined on 96 occasions in 38 children (median age 1.5 years) with tuberculous meningitis, and the effects of inh elimination status and test dosages of 10 mg/kg body weight and 20 mg/kg body weight was studied. maximum cerebrospinal fluid inh concentrations were reached during the period 2 to 4 hours after dosing and cerebrospinal fluid and plasma inh concentrations did not differ significantly during this period. cereb ... | 1992 | 1734391 |
| antigenic specificity and subset analysis of t cells isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage and pleural effusion of patients with lung disease. | cellular infiltrates of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and pleural effusion from patients with tuberculosis (tb) and lung cancer were characterized for the presence of different t cell subsets by phenotypic analysis. the specificity of the t cells for mycobacterial antigens was then compared for the two disease compartments. the composition of t cell subsets within the bal, in contrast to pleural effusion cells (pec), revealed evidence of sequestration of cd8+ cells. bal t cells were found to be a ... | 1992 | 1735192 |
| transmission of tuberculosis to hospital workers by a patient with aids. | a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) was admitted to a hospital with cough and fever and after 29 days was transferred to a hospice. he was eventually shown to have active pulmonary tuberculosis. this diagnosis was obscured clinically by simultaneous infection with pneumocystis carinii and mycobacterium avium complex (mac). laboratory recognition of mycobacterium tuberculosis was delayed because of overgrowth of cultures by mac but was later established using dna probe techni ... | 1992 | 1735302 |
| the new tuberculosis. | | 1992 | 1736110 |
| evidence for in vivo generation of cytotoxic t cells. ppd-stimulated lymphocytes from tuberculous pleural effusions demonstrate enhanced cytotoxicity with accelerated kinetics of induction. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterial pathogen capable of survival and replication within human macrophages. cytotoxic t cells are thought to be important for the eradication of infected macrophages. to test this hypothesis, pleural effusion lymphocytes from patients with tuberculous pleuritis were stimulated in vitro with ppd, and proliferation and cytotoxicity were assessed by thymidine incorporation and chromium release, respectively. the level and kinetics of generation of antigen-specif ... | 1992 | 1736751 |
| bacteriology of anal fistulae. | anal fistulae are said to arise from cryptoglandular infection of the anal glands, which lie within the intersphincteric space. the type and virulence of the micro-organism responsible may determine whether an anal fistula develops. the microbiology of chronic anal fistulae has not been reported previously. twenty-five consecutive anal fistulae were studied prospectively (eight intersphincteric fistulae, 12 trans-sphincteric fistulae, two suprasphincteric fistulae, one extrasphincteric fistula, ... | 1992 | 1737267 |
| miliary tuberculosis: unusual cause of abdominal pain in pregnancy. | we have described a case of miliary tuberculosis, with symptoms primarily due to hepatic involvement during pregnancy. liver biopsy showed granulomatous hepatitis, and subsequent cultures of sputum, urine, and gastric aspirate were positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis. although this patient was seronegative for hiv, an increased incidence of extrapulmonary and disseminated tuberculous infection has recently been noted in patients with hiv infection. given the increasing incidence of hiv in th ... | 1992 | 1738886 |
| diagnostic significance of circulating immune complexes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. | a polyethylene glycol (peg) precipitation method was used to examine sera of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (pt), leprosy and non-tuberculous pulmonary diseases and of healthy control subjects for immune complexes (ics). mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 5 was detected in the ics in 80% of patients with pt by the indirect (sandwich) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). detection of mycobacterial antigen in ics has diagnostic potential as an adjunct in the laboratory diagnosis ... | 1992 | 1740783 |
| use of the sl-iv and the pgl-tb1 glycolipid antigens in elisa for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in aids patients. | at a predetermined specificity of 100.0%, the sensitivity of elisa using the pgl-tb1 and sl-iv antigens and igg assays was 35.0% for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in aids patients (44.1% when tuberculosis was diagnosed before aids, 21.7% when aids was diagnosed before tuberculosis). serial assays in sera collected from 11 aids patients before tuberculosis was diagnosed indicated that significant antibody titres were detected 10 months before the onset of clinical tuberculosis. consequently, it w ... | 1991 | 1741916 |
| characterization of the heat shock response in mycobacterium bovis bcg. | we have for the first time characterized the heat shock response in mycobacteria both at the level of transcription, by rna extraction, northern (rna) blotting, and hybridization with gene-specific probes for the mycobacterium tuberculosis 65- and 71-kda heat shock proteins (hsps), and at the level of translation, by [35s]methionine labelling, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and autoradiography. we observed increased synthesis of 40-, 65-, 71-, and 90-kda proteins, whi ... | 1991 | 1744055 |
| [use of dna probes labelled with radioisotopes in the mycobacteria laboratory]. | we have studied 540 mycobacterial strains isolated in lowestein-jensen medium and 133 samples of different pathologic products against commercialized 125i-dna mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, mycobacterium avitum-intracellulare and mycobacterium gordonae. the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values against isolated strains was 100% for the 3 studied probes. the 125i-dna probe specific for m. tuberculosis complex is studied in samples with positive bacciloscopy; st ... | 1991 | 1745802 |
| bone marrow examination for the diagnosis of mycobacterial and fungal infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | in a series of 342 bone marrow examinations from 314 patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, 70 examinations (20%) detected opportunistic mycobacterial or fungal infections. one hundred eleven of the 314 patients had such infections, and, hence, 63% (70/111) were detected by bone marrow examination. special stains for microorganisms detected 16 (32%) of 50 mycobacterium avium complex infections, 10 (22%) of 45 mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, eight (73%) of 11 histoplasma cap ... | 1991 | 1747030 |
| regulation of experimental autoimmune uveitis in rats--separation of mhc and non-mhc gene effects. | experimental autoimmune uveitis (eau) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease and has served as a model of certain ocular inflammatory conditions in man. the present study was aimed at separating the effects of mhc and non-mhc genes on the development of eau in the rat. eau-susceptible lew (rt1l), eau-resistant wkah (rt1k), and wkah.1l (rt1l) mhc congenic strain of wkah background rats were immunized with retinal soluble antigen (s-ag) in freund's complete adjuvant (fca). lew rats showed typical ... | 1991 | 1747950 |
| involvement of cytokines in determining resistance and acquired immunity in murine tuberculosis. | herein we demonstrate that continuous infusion of either tnf-alpha or ifn-gamma (10(4) u/day) via osmotic micropumps leads to an increased resistance of mice infected with a lethal dose (10(7)) of m. tuberculosis h37rv, associated with a decreased microbial growth in all target organs. this result was reinforced by the finding that infusion of antibodies against tnf-alpha or ifn-gamma greatly enhanced susceptibility of naive mice to tuberculosis. in a final set of experiments, using neutralizing ... | 1991 | 1748843 |
| miliary tuberculosis in children: a review of 94 cases. | this is a retrospective review of the clinical, radiologic and laboratory features of 94 cases of childhood miliary tuberculosis seen during a 5-year period, 1985 to 1989. a history of bacillus calmette-guérin vaccination was documented in 88% of children. the median age at presentation was 10.5 months, 52% of cases occurring in those younger than 1 year. the presenting symptoms were nonspecific: cough (72%); fever (61%); loss of appetite and weight (40%); and diarrhea and vomiting (33%). the ma ... | 1991 | 1749696 |
| [the use of highly dispersed iron particles for increasing the sensitivity of the luminescent microscopic method of determining mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | a highly dispersed ferromagnetic powder obtained by a plasmochemical method (particle size was 100-500 a) was treated by means of an ultrasonic disperser: suspension was added to the trisodium phosphate homogenized and neutralized sputum (0.3 mg of the initial powder per 1 ml of sputum) of patients with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. the sputum was then incubated at slight stirring for 40 min and centrifuged; the precipitate was used to prepare smears which were stained with auramine; ... | 1991 | 1749765 |
| the diagnosis and management of common forms of arthritis in adults in papua new guinea. | reactive arthritis is the leading cause of arthritis in papua new guinea, followed probably by gonococcal arthritis. indomethacin and local hydrocortisone acetate are useful in the treatment of reactive arthritis. refractory cases of reactive arthritis may be helped by weekly low-dose oral methotrexate or by long courses of doxycycline. when neisseria gonorrhoeae is thought to be involved treatment should cover penicillinase-producing strains. infective arthritis due to staphylococcus aureus and ... | 1991 | 1750256 |
| ga-67 citrate and tc-99m hmpao leukocyte scanning in extrapulmonary tuberculosis. | | 1991 | 1752101 |
| cloned single copy dna sequences of mycobacterium tuberculosis as dna probes. | a recombinant genomic clone was isolated from a lambda gt 11 library of m. tuberculosis on the basis of lack of hybridization with m. avium and m. kansasi. the specificity and sensitivity of m. tb dna probes, 2.5 and 2.3 kb in size, were assessed by southern blot and dot blot hybridization. these did not cross hybridize to dna of mycobacteria other than members of m. tb complex, nor with dna of non mycobacterial origin. sensitivity was determined to be 200 pg which is equivalent to 10(4) bacilli ... | 1991 | 1752625 |
| current concepts of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of childhood tuberculosis in the united states. | | 1991 | 1752651 |
| maternal fetal immunological relationship particularly mycobacterial immunity. | thirty-nine paired maternal and cord blood from normal full term deliveries were tested for lymphocyte function by proliferative response to mitogens-phytohemagglutinin-p (pha) and poke week mitogens (pwm). monocyte function was assessed by the ability of the monocytes to release hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) in response to standard stimulus (pma). mycobacterial immunity was assessed by lymphocyte proliferative response to purified proteins derivative (ppd) and igm and igg antibody response to h37rv ... | 1991 | 1752653 |
| outbreak of tuberculosis in a poor urban community. | a woman from a poor urban community presented recently with pulmonary tuberculosis. screening of contacts revealed 10 cases of tuberculosis, eight of whom were children. a further 10 children had grade 2-3 positive heaf tests and were given chemoprophylaxis. tuberculosis remains a potential problem, particularly in young unimmunized children in deprived areas. | 1991 | 1753144 |
| [predictive factors of etiologic agents of community-acquired pneumonia presenting at a district general hospital]. | community-acquired pneumonia is one of the major respiratory diseases causing hospital admission in previously healthy patients. prompt and appropriate antibiotic selection is essential for recovery. the authors tried to determine the distribution of the etiologic agents of community-acquired pneumonias and to analyze predictive factors. out of 188 cases of community-acquired pneumonia presenting to our hospital, etiologic agents were determined in 106 cases (56%). twenty-nine cases were due to ... | 1991 | 1753538 |
| [diagnosis of pleurisy of tuberculous etiology]. | among the 367 patients with the pleurisy syndrome examined in a specialized diagnostic department, 167 (45.5%) had tuberculous pleurisy and the active stage of pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 42 (25.1%); in 125 subjects pleurisy was an independent form of tuberculosis. the possibilities of the clinico-roentgenologic, bioptic and bacteriologic diagnosis of the disease etiology have been studied in different variants of the x-ray picture (unblocked, partially sacculated, sacculated and adh ... | 1991 | 1754583 |
| [anti-tuberculosis antibodies in the immunoenzyme test in relation to the effectiveness of chemotherapy of tuberculosis]. | a method of indirect solid-phase eia was used to detect serum antibodies in 110 patients with destructive tuberculosis. the preparation with a molecular mass of 38-42 kd isolated from the mycobacteria h37rv was used as an antigen. changes in the level of antituberculous antibodies were found during treatment, which are most manifested in 4-6 months of antituberculous therapy and depend on treatment efficiency. the effective therapy is accompanied by a decrease in the level of antituberculous ant ... | 1991 | 1754593 |
| [effect of carbon dioxide laser on mycobacterium tuberculosis and microflora]. | the effect of co2 laser on m. tuberculosis (mt) and nonspecific micro-organisms has been studied. radiation of mt in suspension causes a decrease in the number of colonies. laser action on mt and microflora after their growing in a solid nutrient media produces a bactericidal action in the exposed zone with the area of growth inhibition being in a direct proportion to the laser power and the time of its action. | 1991 | 1754597 |
| [detection of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis in children at a hospital for somatic diseases]. | tuberculosis-related examination of 123 children during hospital treatment in 2 pneumologic departments has revealed 9.8% of tuberculosis patients. among the children with destructive lung processes one-third had tuberculosis in a destructive phase. timely diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis in children's somatic hospitals, especially in those of a pneumologic type, requires the obligatory mantoux test with 2 tu ppd-l and in children with destructive lung processes bacteriologic sputum examinati ... | 1991 | 1754598 |
| [cerebral aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients]. | three cases of central nervous system (cns) aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients are reported. all three had neurological symptoms with normal cerebrospinal fluid (csf). the ct scan showed poorly defined low density lesions which were not enhanced by contrast medium. they also had pulmonary signs and fever despite antibiotic treatment. aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. antifungal therapy was started promptly, associating amphotericin b, itraconazole and ... | 1991 | 1755556 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in a health clinic. | between january 1 and june 30, 1988, 30 (39.5%) of 76 staff members tested at a health clinic in florida had positive tuberculin skin test reactions. this case-control study showed that people whose skin test converted were more likely than those whose skin test did not convert to have been present while patients were being treated with aerosolized pentamidine (odds ratio = 15.0; 95% confidence interval = 1.4 - 730.0) and to have worked on the first floor of the clinic (odds ratio = 9.3; 95% con ... | 1991 | 1756290 |
| regulation of the human cellular immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis. the mechanism of selective depression of the response to ppd. | after infection with m. tuberculosis, about 5% of individuals develop progressive tuberculosis during the following two years and an additional 5% delayed reactivation. the genetic and acquired factors which place individuals at risk of tuberculosis are partly defined; however, the connection of the susceptibility to the host immune response is much less clear. recent studies have examined the basis for the immunosuppression that is a concomitant of tuberculosis. direct stimulation of monocytes ... | 1991 | 1756294 |
| evaluation of the roche septi-chek afb system for recovery of mycobacteria. | the septi-chek afb system for the recovery of mycobacteria from clinical specimens was compared with a conventional approach using lowenstein-jensen and middlebrook 7h11 agars. a total of 1,532 clinical specimens were analyzed; 132 yielded mycobacteria. mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium avium complexes were the predominant isolates. with the conventional combination of lowenstein-jensen and 7h11 agars, 75.8% of the isolates were recovered; the septi-chek afb allowed recovery of 100% o ... | 1991 | 1757573 |
| [a tuberculosis project in ecuador]. | determination of the frequency of pulmonary tuberculosis in an indian community in ecuador among symptomatic patients and contacts of patients with tuberculosis. pulmonary tuberculosis was defined as the presence of acid fast rods in sputum. | 1991 | 1758504 |
| [effectiveness of the treatment of patients with fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis]. | the follow-up of 301 patients with fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis has demonstrated that the disease outcome and treatment effectiveness depend on the nature of its course. a long-term specific therapy for 9-10 months brings about cessation of bacillary excretion in 50-60% of cases even in a progressive course of the disease and closure of destruction cavities occurred in 12.5% of cases with rapid progression and in 21.7% of cases with slow progression of the disease. despite all measur ... | 1991 | 1758855 |
| [detection of antibodies against mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with lung diseases by immunoenzyme analysis]. | diagnostic enzyme immunoassay kits were used for the examination of parallel tests of venous and capillary blood in 43 patients with nonspecific pulmonary diseases for the presence of antibodies to tuberculosis pathogen. the method of parallel tests has revealed that disregarding the site of blood collection (vein, finger) the eia results are identical. analysis sensitivity in tuberculosis patients varies within 30 and 86% in relation to the clinical activity of a tuberculosis process. analysis ... | 1991 | 1758863 |
| ofloxacin penetration into tuberculous pleural effusion. | after 3 days of treatment with ofloxacin (300 mg given orally once daily), the drug levels in serum and pleural fluid 2 and 4 h after drug administration in patients with tuberculous pleural effusion were assessed by a rapid high-performance liquid chromatography assay. the levels in serum (mean +/- standard error of the mean [sem]) were 4.70 +/- 0.14 and 4.63 +/- 0.09 mg/liter 2 and 4 h after administration, respectively, and the levels in pleural fluid (mean +/- sem) were 3.82 +/- 0.09 and 4.2 ... | 1991 | 1759841 |
| a dot-immunobinding assay for the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis and its comparison with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | in an attempt to establish an alternative to standard bacteriological methods in the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (tbm), a simple dot-immunobinding assay (dot-iba) was standardized to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 5 and antimycobacterial antibody in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens of patients with tbm. sensitivity and specificity of dot-iba was compared with conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and standard bacteriological techniques. the dot-i ... | 1991 | 1761436 |
| application of colorimetric microdilution plate hybridization for rapid genetic identification of 22 mycobacterium species. | quantitative microdilution plate hybridization was used to identify 22 mycobacterium species. dnas of clinical strains were rapidly extracted and labeled with photoreactive biotin. labeled dnas were distributed into wells of a microdilution plate in which reference dnas had been immobilized. after 2 h of hybridization, hybridized dnas were quantitatively detected with peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin and the substrate, tetramethylbenzidine. this method could differentiate among 20 of the 22 my ... | 1991 | 1761680 |
| chromatographic purification and characterization of antigens a and d from mycobacterium paratuberculosis and their use in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of paratuberculosis in sheep. | the protein antigens a and d were purified from culture filtrates and sonic extracts of laboratory strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by salt precipitation and chromatography. the characterization of antigen a is shown here, and both antigens were evaluated along with lipoarabinomannan antigen in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) for the serodiagnosis of ovine paratuberculosis. after anion-exchange (deae-5pw) and hydrophobic (phenyl-5pw) chromatography using high-perform ... | 1991 | 1761688 |
| [the role of surgery in pulmonary tuberculosis infected by tubercle bacilli with multiple drug resistance]. | the first, definition of pulmonary tuberculosis bacilli with multiple drug resistance was decided as "bacilli completely resistant to rfp 50 mcg + sm 20 mcg and/or inh 1 mcg + km 100 mcg and/or eb 5 mcg and/or another antituberculosis drug" based on 118 cases examined for drug resistance pre-operatively in 35 institutions belonging to the tuberculosis research committee, during the 6 years period 1984 to 1989. next, 48 pulmonary tuberculous cases with multiple drug resistance were analysed, and ... | 1991 | 1766157 |
| connective tissue metabolism in bone and cartilage of adjuvant arthritic rat. | the metabolism of connective tissue matrix components such as glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins was investigated in normal as well as pathological tissues of bone and cartilage associated with adjuvant arthritis using rat as animal model of the disease. the inflammatory process of adjuvant arthritis was induced in rats with the inoculation of freund's adjuvant containing heat killed mycobacterium tuberculosis suspended in paraffin oil. the changes in the metabolism of matrix components in bon ... | 1991 | 1769235 |
| [gastric tuberculosis and immunodepression]. | | 1991 | 1769485 |
| cloning and expression in escherichia coli of a reca homologue from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a 3.8 kb psti fragment of mycobacterium tuberculosis was cloned in a reca-deleted escherichia coli by selecting transformants with increased ems resistance. the cloned fragment restored homologous recombination in hfr crosses and conferred resistance to long wave (302 nm) but not short wave (254 nm) uv light. e. coli containing the 3.8 kb psti fragment produced a 38-40 kda protein which cross-reacted with antibodies raised against the e. coli reca protein. the cloned dna thus probably encodes a ... | 1991 | 1770355 |
| [bacteriology of tuberculosis]. | | 1991 | 1771168 |
| comparative in vitro and in vivo activity of fleroxacin and ofloxacin against various mycobacteria. | in vitro antimicrobial activity of fleroxacin (6,8- difluoro-1-(2-fluoroethyl)-1, 4-dihydro-7-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid) and ofloxacin against representative pathogenic mycobacteria was evaluated by the agar dilution method, using 7h11 agar medium. fleroxacin showed appreciable antimicrobial activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mic90 = 6.25 mg/l), m. kansasii (mic90 = 3.13 mg/l), and m. fortuitum (mic90 = 6.25 mg/l), whereas m. marinum, m. scrofulaceum, m. ... | 1991 | 1771676 |
| differentiation between mycobacteria of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by pyrolysis mass spectrometry. | 32 isolates belonging to the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex were examined by pyrolysis mass spectrometry (pyms). this technique demonstrated that recent clinical isolates of m. africanum were indistinguishable from those of m. bovis and together formed a homogeneous group distinct from m. tuberculosis. isolates of bcg were heterogeneous and more closely related to laboratory-adapted strains of m. tuberculosis than to recent isolates of either m. tuberculosis or m. bovis. pyms is a simple and ... | 1991 | 1771680 |
| comparison of three methods for decontamination of faeces for isolation of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | sputum and faeces were obtained from 276 patients on admission to a study of drug resistance in hong kong. acid-fast bacilli were detected microscopically in 103 (37%) sputum specimens and 135 (49%) yielded mycobacterium tuberculosis on culture. three methods were used to decontaminate faeces prior to dilution and culture in selective liquid kirchner medium. a total of 61 faecal specimens were positive for m. tuberculosis on culture and, of these, pretreatment with sodium hydroxide yielded 60 (9 ... | 1991 | 1771682 |
| a guinea pig model of experimental airborne tuberculosis for evaluation of the response to chemotherapy: the effect on bacilli in the initial phase of treatment. | the purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a guinea pig model of experimental airborne tuberculosis for its ability to assess chemotherapeutic regimens for their efficacy against virulent tubercle bacilli in vivo during the initial phase of treatment. the tissues examined included primary lung lesions and the metastatic foci in lung and spleen which result from the naturally occurring bacillaemia. the treatments examined, inh + rif, inh + emb, emb + rif, were initiated 4 weeks after i ... | 1991 | 1771684 |
| [effects of non-clostridial anaerobic infection on the course of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis in experimental animals]. | influence of non-clostridial anaerobic infection on the course of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis caused by intrapleural administration of bcg used in a vaseline-lanolin mixture was studied experimentally on guinea pigs. administration of bacteroides fragilis in the presence of a mild tuberculous inflammation aggravates the course of a specific process promoting pleural empyema development, increase in the size of pulmonary granuloma, extension of pathologic changes into the parenchymatous organs ... | 1991 | 1775466 |
| [pathomorphological assessment of the therapeutic effect of mycobacteriophages in tuberculosis]. | the effect of ds6a mycophage was studied in comparison with that of isoniazid on 30 guinea pigs with disseminated tuberculous infection in order to reveal the therapeutic effect of the mycobacteriophage and tissue reactions caused by it. the mycophage was found to have therapeutic properties in disseminated tuberculosis in guinea pigs but its action is less pronounced than in isoniazid monotherapy. study of the special features of tissue reactions in mycophage monotherapy has demonstrated that w ... | 1991 | 1775467 |
| [antituberculosis antibodies detected by an immunoenzyme test in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. | the method of indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (eia) was used to detect antibodies in the sera of 166 pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 56 healthy donors. a preparation with a mol. mass of 38-42 kd was used as an antigen which was isolated from the mycobacteria h37rv by a consecutive separation under high pressure, extraction of kcl cellular membranes and gel-filtration in the gel toyopearl hw 55f. antituberculous antibodies (atab) were detected by the eia method in 94% of pulmonary tub ... | 1991 | 1775468 |
| [associated tuberculous lesions of the lungs and periodontium]. | | 1991 | 1775469 |
| hematogenous dissemination of mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with aids. | proof of hematogenous dissemination of mycobacterium tuberculosis was initially reported in the early 1900s and was noted to be most frequent in patients with miliary tuberculosis. more recently, m. tuberculosis bacteremia has been reported in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients. we describe 13 adult hiv-infected patients in whom hematogenous m. tuberculosis dissemination was evident. although for most patients whose bone marrow aspirate cultures yielded m. tuberculosis a chest ... | 1991 | 1775842 |
| [determination of tuberculostearic acid--progress in early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis]. | rapid diagnosis of cerebral tuberculous meningitis is of the greatest importance in determining the outcome of therapy. since tubercle bacilli are often not seen on microscopy of the cerebrospinal fluid, and culture of mycobacterium tuberculosis takes many weeks, there is a need for more rapid and sensitive confirmatory tests. the importance of the detection of tuberculostearic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid in combination with magnet resonance imaging will be shown in this case report. | 1991 | 1776250 |
| [tuberculosis morbidity in high-risk groups of children]. | a follow-up of 2052 children has shown that the level of mycobacterium tuberculosis contamination among the subjects frequently getting ill with arvd is 1.5-2 times higher than among healthy ones. this parameter was 1.5-2 times higher among pyelonephritis patients than among healthy subjects. hyperergic tuberculin reactions more often developed in children being in tuberculosis infection foci, including 58.3% from the bacillary environment. a close association of tuberculin hypersensitivity and ... | 1991 | 1780299 |
| [immunologic reactivity in patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis with polysensitization]. | study of immunologic reactivity in patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis has demonstrated that 80% of patients have sensitization to mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens, in addition to that to bacterial flora (streptococcus, staphylococcus, pneumococcus). the degree of immunity system damage depends on the character of the course and dissemination of the pathologic process. three degrees of immunity system damage were distinguished: sharply manifested degree with suppression of all t ... | 1991 | 1780314 |
| [correlation of local immune system indices of patients with tuberculous and serous meningitis]. | the method of discrete-dynamic analysis was used for studying the immunity system state in 60 patients with tuberculous meningitis (tm) of various degree of severity and in 35 patients with serous meningitis of nontuberculous etiology (smne). a significant difference was established of the correlation between parameters in the combinations comprising lymphocytes immune to mycobacterium tuberculosis which enables tm and smne differentiation. tm was characterized by a sharp increase in the number ... | 1991 | 1780315 |
| [protein spectrum of mycobacteria in relation to their taxonomy and resistance to antitubercular drugs]. | study of the protein spectra of the mycobacteria of a different taxonomic belonging and isoniazid, streptomycin- and rifampicin-resistant strains has shown typical differences of the protein complexes of the studied strains. | 1991 | 1780316 |
| rapid cultivation of mycobacterium tuberculosis in veeraraghavan's liquid medium. | 2015 clinical samples were screened for m. tuberculosis culture in veeraraghavan's liquid medium v (t). the liquid medium is a synthetic medium rich in amino acids, vitamins, sugars and mineral salts. initially 111 consecutive samples of sputum and various body fluids were cultured in both lj medium and liquid synthetic medium for comparison. as liquid medium gave satisfactory and quicker results the subsequent 1904 samples were cultured only on liquid medium to determine its usefulness in routi ... | 1991 | 1783434 |
| immunomopharmacological effects of polysaccharides from acanthopanax senticosus on experimental animals. | polysaccharides pes isolated from a common oriental herb acanthopanax senticosus were found to have a wide spectrum of immunomodulatory activities on experimental animals. the potential usefulness of these polysaccharides is suggested in the observations that pes inhibited transplanted tumor growths and ameliorated toxicities of the toxic substances in experimental animals. of most interest is the observations that they suppressed human tb propagation in mice and guinea pigs, as evaluated by lym ... | 1991 | 1783468 |
| [analysis of 98 cases of thoracic empyema]. | ninety-eight cases of empyema thoracis admitted to juntendo university hospital between 1979 and 1990 were reviewed. males accounted for 78 cases and females 20 cases. thirteen pediatric patients ranged in age from 17 days to 4 years, while the 85 adult cases ranged from 16 to 89 years (mean: 58.4 years). the mortality rate increased with age. fifty-three cases of community-acquired empyema thoracis consisted of 24 with no underlying disease (including 13 pediatric cases), and 29 with diabetes m ... | 1991 | 1783810 |
| antibody to ppd, bcg, h37 rv and antigen 5 in tuberculous meningitis. | | 1991 | 1784066 |
| [clinical comparison of active primary tuberculosis in recent years and the past]. | three hundred and forty-four cases of active primary tuberculosis admitted to the national sanatorium seiransou hospital from 1980 to 1987 were studied and compared with 101 cases admitted from 1966 to 1969. none had a previous history of tuberculosis, and all were diagnosed via positive smears for acid-fast bacilli and/or positive mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures. the age distribution showed that in the recent cases, the highest incidence among the male patients was observed in the middle-ag ... | 1991 | 1784100 |
| [dynamics of specific changes in recurrences of pulmonary tuberculosis in relation to chemotherapy schedules]. | | 1991 | 1788233 |
| [status of immunity in newborn infants and young children born to mothers with tuberculosis]. | the children born to tuberculosis mothers show a decline in t-lymphocyte count and in their functional activity, an increase in specific immunity parameters, which is manifested by a higher level of antituberculosis antibodies and a marked proliferative lymphocyte response to tuberculin. it has been established that the level of specific antibodies in children and their mothers is related to the clinical form of tuberculosis. the discovered features of specific and nonspecific immunity in newbor ... | 1991 | 1788234 |
| [serological analysis of blood and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with meningeal tuberculosis]. | the results of ++clinico-serological examination of 81 subjects with meningeal diseases are given; among them 53 had tuberculous meningitis. the authors applied complement fixation (cft) and indirect hemagglutination tests (iht) with tuberculin. the high diagnostic significance of cft and low efficiency of iht were established in tuberculous meningitis detection. it is expedient to determine simultaneously the antituberculous antibodies in the blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid of the examined ... | 1991 | 1788237 |
| [inclusion of the immunoenzyme analysis in the complex serological reactions in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis]. | the detection frequency of antituberculous antibodies (ab) was studied by means of the complex of serologic reactions and enzyme immunoassay (eia) in 254 pulmonary tuberculosis patients. the detection rate of antituberculous ab by eia was higher than that in a simultaneous application of eia and the complex of serodiagnosis. in certain cases, however, the antituberculous ab are detected only with the complex of serologic reactions so that simultaneous usage of both the complex of serologic react ... | 1991 | 1788238 |
| [intra-dental route of experimental tuberculosis infection]. | a total of 13 dogs weighing 13-15 kg were infected by intra-dental route with the tuberculosis mycobacterium strain h37r in a dose of 0.5 ml in the 5th dilution according to a turbidity standard. two dogs were given intravenously the same dose of tuberculosis mycobacteria and they formed a control group. the observation varied from 10 days to 5 months. it was found tuberculosis development in intradental contamination could be attended by generalized specific affection of the viscera and develop ... | 1991 | 1788242 |
| [causes of erroneous diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis]. | | 1991 | 1788244 |
| [fundamental studies on "m. tb probe assay kit" for the identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | dna probe assay kit for the identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis was evaluated. this kit is based on beads capture method and using a 20 well assay tray. the culture isolate is suspended with 0.5 ml sterilized water in the tube containing phi 3 mm glass beads for dispersion, transferred to a well of the assay tray. after lysation and adsorption of the nucleic acids to the capture bead, 125i-dna probe specific for the m. tuberculosis is added to the sample and hybridized for 1 hour at 65 ... | 1991 | 1791329 |
| a simple method for diagnosing m. tuberculosis infection in clinical samples using pcr. | species identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a cumbersome process. we have developed a simple method for treating clinical samples which permits direct polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of mycobacterial target dna without organic extraction. samples were boiled for 30 min in te-triton, then were subjected to 30 cycles of amplification using primers derived from the repetitive clone pmtb4 developed by patel and coworkers (1990; journal of clinical microbiology 28, 513) ... | 1991 | 1791860 |
| imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives of potential tuberculostatic activity, ii: synthesis and bioactivity of designed and some other 2-cyanomethylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives. | based on the analysis of quantitative structure--activity relationships (qsar) three representatives of imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives of predicted high antibacterial activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis were synthetized and tested bacteriologically. excellent agreement of the predicted and experimentally observed bioactivity was noted. additional new derivatives of 4-methyl-4h-2-cyanomethylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (7) and 2-(alpha-methylcyanomethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (22) were also ... | 1991 | 1793358 |
| correlation between culture of mycobacterium tuberculosis and antimycobacterial antibody in lumbar, ventricular and cisternal cerebrospinal fluids of patients with tuberculous meningitis. | in this study positive culture for m. tuberculosis were obtained, 20% in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (csf), 75% in ventricular csf and 87.5% in cisternal csfs of patients with tuberculous meningitis. low culture positivity in lumbar csf is due to the low density of circulating tubercle bacilli in lumbar csf than in cisternal or ventricular csfs. however antimycobacterial antibody in lumbar, cisternal and ventricular csfs circulate in significant titres and are not statistically different from one ... | 1991 | 1794868 |
| serodiagnosis of tuberculosis using purified mycobacterial proteins. | with a view to detect specific m. tuberculosis infection, mycobacterial proteins were purified initially by ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by ion-exchange chromatography. out of the three fractions, namely p1, p2 and p3 precipitated with increasing concentrations (0-25%, 26-65% and 66-100% respectively) of ammonium sulphate, p2 fraction was found to be more immunoreactive. p2 fraction proteins were further fractionated into five fractions by salt gradient using deae-cellulose de-52 ion ... | 1991 | 1794878 |
| echinococcal disease and mycobacterial infection. | the clinical and radiological features of five patients with echinococcal disease in whom mycobacterial infection was also present are described. three had clinically significant disease due to mycobacterium tuberculosis (two patients) and m. fortuitum-chelonae (one patient), whilst in two others secondary infection with m. gordonae had occurred. in all cases the mycobacterium infection was found within or close to the anatomical confines of the echinococcal disease, as determined clinically, ra ... | 1991 | 1796867 |
| stimulation of antimycobacterial activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages by priming with trehalose dimycolate (tdm). | we examined the potential of two bacterial immunomodulators, trehalose dimycolate (tdm) and lipopolysaccharide (lps), to stimulate the capacity of mouse peritoneal macrophages to control the growth of the intracellular bacterium, mycobacterium tuberculosis bcg. macrophages were obtained from mice innately susceptible (bcgs) or resistant (bcgr) to bcg infection. in all mouse strains tested (bcgr and bcgs), with the exception of balb/c (bcgs), tdm was sufficient to elicit macrophages with strong a ... | 1991 | 1797048 |
| [clinical early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis]. | we examined 37 tuberculous meningitis, 30 active pulmonary tuberculosis, and 31 nontuberculous disease patient's csf and serum antitubercular antibody igg with polymerized ot as an antigen by the method of elisa, respectively. it is shown that there is of a specificity to the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. we also reexamined the serum antitubercular antibody daily, as well as csf antitubercular antibody, and csf routine and biochemical indexes weekly for 16 tuberculous meningitis inpatient ... | 1991 | 1800070 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in the diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis. | this study evaluates the sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen. twenty seven of the 35 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis had positive serology with an antibody titre of 10 nineteen of them had positive serology with an antibody titre of 100. all the 27 patients with positive serology were either smear or culture positive or both. twenty six of the 35 control group had negative sero ... | 1991 | 1800624 |
| [the dynamics of the humoral immune response to mycobacterial antigens in mice]. | the main regularities of humoral immune response to mycobacterial antigens have been studied in experiments on balb/c mice immunized with live and thermoinactivated mycobacterium tuberculosis, var. bovis. as shown in this study, the maximum level of serum antibodies to mycobacterial antigen is achieved in two weeks after immunization irrespective of the dose and viability or mycobacteria, then follows a decrease in the antibody level. the absence of uniformity in the dependence of primary immune ... | 1991 | 1801493 |
| [production and characterization of 3 mcabs to mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | three monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterium tuberculosis were produced and designated ra1, ra2 and ra3. the spleen cells of balb/c mice were immunized with intact, ultrasonicated m. h37ra and h37ra culture filtrate and were fused with ns-1 myeloma cells. the monoclonal antibodies were igg2a, igm and igm respectively. the monoclonal antibodies were characterized by elisa on 14 mycobacterial species. it showed that they reacted with h37ra and some of mycobacterial species but did not with bcg. mc ... | 1991 | 1802431 |
| oxazolidinones, a new class of synthetic antituberculosis agent. in vitro and in vivo activities of dup-721 against mycobacterium tuberculosis. | dl-s-n-(3-(4-acetyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidynyl methyl) acetamide (dup-721) is an orally active representative of the oxazolidinone series of antimicrobials. at concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 4 micrograms/ml, dup-721 inhibited equally the strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptible and resistant to conventional antituberculosis drugs. dup-721 inhibited m. gordonae and m. fortuitum at 3.9 micrograms/ml, m. kansasii at 1.95, and m. scrofulaceum at 15.6 micrograms/ml. it was not active against ... | 1991 | 1802533 |
| specimen cross-contamination by a strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis lacking nitrate reductase activity. | an unusual strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis lacking nitrate reductase activity was isolated from specimens from five patients over a 2-week period. two patients, a father (patient 1) and his son (patient 5), had pulmonary tuberculosis. specimens from three other patients (patients 2, 3, and 4) processed on the same 2 days as those from patient 1 yielded only sparse growth (approximately five colonies each) of m. tuberculosis. these and other data strongly suggest that specimens from the latt ... | 1991 | 1802543 |
| [rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr)]. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis dna. more than 2000 different clinical specimens were analyzed by this assay. the efficiency of two different methods for processing the dna from biological material was analyzed. dna amplification was done according to standard protocols by amplifying a segment of 402 bp of the 65 kd mycobacterial gene, electrophoretic separation of the amplification product followed by southern transfer and hybridizati ... | 1991 | 1802834 |
| application of an enzyme immunoassay for detecting antibodies in sera of macaca fascicularis naturally exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | an enzyme immunoassay (eia) was developed for detecting mycobacterial antibodies in the sera of 22 macaca fascicularis following a natural outbreak of tuberculosis. eias were conducted using four antigens (lysozyme, triton, or deoxycholate extracts of mycobacterium tuberculosis or a purified protein derivative) and two conjugates (protein a or antihuman). mycobacterial antibodies were detected in two of two culture-positive monkeys, in nine of ten tuberculin test-suspect monkeys (culture-negativ ... | 1991 | 1803012 |
| [clinical significance of drug resistance of tuberculosis mycobacteria and l-forms]. | the clinical features of a tuberculous process were studied in 101 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis among whom 76% of the patients lost their social adaptation. the patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 comprising 61 (60.4%) subjects who excreted tuberculosis mycobacteria and l-forms and group 2 consisting of 40 (39.6%) who excreted only tuberculosis mycobacteria. the frequency and degree of drug resistance were more manifest in 63.8% of the patients of group 1 and in 40% of th ... | 1991 | 1803368 |
| [genetic engineering production of h37rv m. tuberculosis proteins]. | a complete library of m. tuberculosis h37rv genes was produced by incorporating the dna fragments of m. tuberculosis h37rv into the lambda psi phasmid. for this, dna isolated from the mycobacteria was treated by ecori restrictases and the fragments of 8-17 thousand nucleotide pairs were crosslinked with the phasmid dna. hybrid dna molecules were packed into the caspids from the proteins of e. coli bhb2688 and bhb2690 strains. by estimates, this library contained 98% of m. tuberculosis h37rv geno ... | 1991 | 1803372 |
| [ultrastructural organization of tuberculosis mycobacteria]. | methodological approaches--cryoultratomy and high-voltage electron microscopy of whole cell--have been used for studying the ultrastructural organization of the tuberculous mycobacteria of the virulent h37rv strain and bcg vaccine strain. the anatomic difference has been found between the virulent and vaccine strains, which can undoubtedly be taken as a strain difference. the presence of a developed lipid capsule sheath has been confirmed and the size of separate mycobacterial species defined mo ... | 1991 | 1803373 |