| [preliminary study on intestinal microflora in patients with cirrhosis]. | intestinal microflora were studied in 62 patients with cirrhosis, 14 with hepatitis and 30 normal subjects. the fecal anaerobes, total viable organisms, e.coli, enterococcus, bifidobacterium, lactobacillus and clostridium were significantly greater in number in cirrhotic patients than in normal subjects and hepatitis. significant increase in fecal enterococcus and clostridium was observed in the patients recently recovered from hepatic coma as compared with the patients without hepatic coma. bif ... | 1989 | 2611870 |
| the bactericidal effect of isoascorbic acid combined with mild heat. | the thermal inactivation of salmonella thompson, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, clostridium perfringens, candida zeylanoides, enterococcus faecium and e. faecalis was accelerated by the addition of sodium isoascorbate (1 mmol/l) to phosphate-buffer heating medium but not to complex food mixtures. the lethal effect of isoascorbate was nullified by heating under anaerobic conditions or by the addition of catalase. the scavengers of hydroxyl radicals, mannitol and formate were not protect ... | 1989 | 2613595 |
| [clinical evaluation of cefmenoxime in infections of neonates]. | cefmenoxime (cmx) was evaluated for its absorption and excretion as well as for therapeutic effectiveness in neonates and premature infants. the following results were obtained. 1. serum concentrations of the drug were examined in 3 premature infants 1 to 11 days old upon intravenous administration of about 10 mg/kg body weight (1st group), in 2 premature infants 18 and 32 days old and 1 neonate 17 days old upon intravenous administration of about 20 mg/kg (2nd group), and in 1 neonate 15 days o ... | 1989 | 2614920 |
| sanitary significance of fecal streptococci in underground water in egypt. | underground water samples taken from 15 wells located at 3 municipal water works in cairo were examined for the presence of fecal streptococci as a fecal pollution indicator. fecal streptococci were detected in 96.4% of the 111 representative samples. ranges of such pollution indicator were 1-17, 1-17 and 1-24 mpn/100 ml for water samples collected from wells in mustorod, el-marg and el-maadi water works, respectively. a total of 200 pure strains of streptococci were isolated and subjected to bi ... | 1989 | 2618195 |
| [a case report of meningitis and sepsis due to enterococcus faecium complicated with strongyloidiasis]. | a 80 year-old male was transferred to our department on 18th aug. 1988, for high fever and clouding of the consciousness. he had been treated with steroid hormone (betamethasone 3.0 mg/day for 15 days) for his uveitis. enterococcus faecium was isolated from both blood and spinal fluid, and then strongyloides sterocoralis was revealed both in the sputum and stool. anti-human t-cell leukemia virus 1 (htlv-1) antibody was also positive serologically. at first, beta-lactam antibiotics were used for ... | 1989 | 2621387 |
| [clinical laboratory approach to estimating the effective administration dose of imipenem/cilastatin. evaluation of the disk susceptibility test and its interpretation system]. | in vitro activities of imipenem/cilastatin (ipm/cs) against 413 clinical isolates were studied through the evaluation of mics and the results of disk susceptibility tests. the mics were determined using the agar dilution method at an inoculum level of 10(6) cfu/ml. the mic80s of imipenem (ipm) against staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis were 25 and 1.56 micrograms/ml, respectively, showing a bimodal mic distribution. however, the distribution of mics against other bacteria studi ... | 1989 | 2621780 |
| [bacteriologic monitoring in a surgical department with emergency services. epidemiologic analysis and study of sensitivity to antibiotic therapy]. | the two year experience with 2091 biological cultures and the related antibiograms has been reported on the basis of a prospective, computerized study. the incidence of germs coming from each fluid collected has been analyzed as well as the sensibility to various antibacterial drugs. the gram negative such as escherichia coli, enterococcus, pseudomonas, proteus, klebsiella, serratia and enterobacter resulted more frequently isolated; in addition a revival of gram positive strains (staphylococcus ... | 1989 | 2622558 |
| urinary tract infections in children. | from january 1981 to december 1987, 346 children with urinary tract infections, proved by urine culture, were admitted to the department of pediatrics, mackay memorial hospital. the ratio of male to female was 3.0 in children below 2 years, and 0.8 in children above 2 years, of age. the urine specimens were collected from suprapubic punctures in 281 cases (81.2%). fever was the most common clinical manifestation. in children below two years old, other common symptoms and signs were body weight l ... | 1989 | 2637602 |
| effect of cell cycle stages on the central density of enterococcus faecium atcc 9790. | cultures of enterococcus faecium growing at various rates were examined for timing of cell division cycle events by using the method of residual divisions and a morphological analysis. both methods gave essentially the same timing for the onset of d1 (completion of chromosome replication) and of d2 (completion of septation). frequencies of cells exhibiting a phase-reversed center in bovine serum albumin at various growth rates were determined. the data fit a model in which rapidly growing cells ... | 1989 | 2649481 |
| intermittent urethral catheterization in the elderly. | thirty-five elderly patients receiving intermittent urethral catheterization in a veterans administration hospital and attached nursing home care unit were prospectively studied for development of bacteriuria and/or urinary tract infection. thirty-one of the 35 patients (88.6%) developed urinary tract colonization. the mean time from initiation of catheterization to development of colonization was 5.7 +/- 1.3 days. persistent bacteriuria with one or several different microorganisms developed in ... | 1989 | 2649539 |
| saliva-mediated aggregation of enterococcus faecalis transformed with a streptococcus sanguis gene encoding the ssp-5 surface antigen. | the interaction of a high-molecular-weight salivary glycoprotein (agglutinin) with streptococcus sanguis m5 leads to the formation of bacterial aggregates. we have previously shown that the ssp-5 surface antigen from s. sanguis m5 binds the salivary agglutinin and therefore may be involved in the aggregation process. here we report the transformation of a nonaggregating enterococcus faecalis strain with the ssp-5 gene and show that the protein is expressed on the cell surface and confers an aggr ... | 1989 | 2651309 |
| identification of enterococcus species isolated from human infections by a conventional test scheme. | streptococci (206 cultures) previously identified as enterococci were retrieved from storage and reidentified by using tests designed to identify species of the genus enterococcus. of these 188, 91% were correctly identified as enterococcus species. of the remaining strains, nine (4%) were unidentified and six (3%) and 3 (1.5%) were identified as leuconostoc sp. and lactococcus sp., respectively. two new enterococcus species were discovered: e. raffinosus and e. solitarius. dna-dna hybridization ... | 1989 | 2656745 |
| [urinary tract infection and surgical disorders of the lower urinary tract]. | infection is a constant concern during perioperative period. bacteremia occur during intervention and immediate postoperative period. they are the risk of acute complications, mainly septic shock with a high mortality rate. escherichia coli is the germ most often found, then enterococcus and other gram-negative germs. diagnosis of an urinary infection is made difficult because the presence of a vesical catheter; so, 10(3) bacteria per ml. have to be considered as pathological. two therapeutic be ... | 1989 | 2657313 |
| evaluation of the minitek gram-positive set for identification of streptococci isolated from bovine mammary glands. | a total of 127 isolates were used to evaluate the minitek gram-positive set for identification of streptococci cultured from bovine mammary glands. the overall accuracy of the minitek gram-positive set was 34.6%. of 12 streptococcus agalactiae strains, 4 (33.3%) were correctly identified. of 43 streptococcus dysgalactiae strains, 32 (74.4%) were identified correctly. of 44 streptococcus uberis strains, 42 (95.5%) were identified as enterococcus spp. poor performance was attributed to the limited ... | 1989 | 2663909 |
| [clinical experience of chemotherapy with cefmetazole for severe infections accompanying malignant hematological disorders]. | we made an attempt to treat with cefmetazole (cmz) 25 patients who developed severe infectious diseases while suffering with granulocytopenia associated with the treatment of malignant hematological disorders. 1. determination of bacteriological efficacy while 20 strains were isolated and identified from 15 patients, no significant bacteria were detected in 9 patients. isolates obtained were: 5 strains of enterococcus faecalis, 3 strains of haemophilus influenzae, 2 strains of staphylococcus epi ... | 1989 | 2664248 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents. a study mainly focused on ofloxacin (the second report). reported by the research group for testing ofloxacin susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | susceptibilities of various clinical isolates to ofloxacin (oflx) and other antibacterial drugs were examined at 128 hospital laboratories in 36 prefectures throughout japan between april, 1986 and march, 1987. the results were totalized with an emphasis mainly on oflx and were compared with data obtained in the previous year. in this study, identification and susceptibility tests of the isolates were carried out at each hospital laboratory and the tests were performed according to the 1-dilutio ... | 1989 | 2664255 |
| presumptive antibiotics for penetrating abdominal wounds. | the optimal antimicrobial agent or agents for penetrating abdominal injuries remains undetermined. during the three year period ending august 1987, 317 consecutive patients undergoing celiotomy for penetrating abdominal trauma were prospectively randomized to receive either mezlocillin, 4 grams every six hours, or clindamycin, 600 milligrams every six hours, and gentamicin, loading dose of 2.0 milligrams per kilogram, then 1.5 kilograms every eight hours. antibiotics were begun in the emergency ... | 1989 | 2667180 |
| comparative in vitro activity of a new quinolone, am-1091. | the in vitro activity of a new quinolone, am-1091 [7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-8-chloro-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro- 4-oxo- 3-quinoline carboxylic acid hydrochloride], was compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, beta-lactams, and gentamicin. am-1091 inhibited 90% of the isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae at less than or equal to 0.12 micrograms/ml. for many species am-1091 was 2-fold more active than ciprofloxacin and 2- to 32-fold more active than ofloxacin. it inhibited e ... | 1989 | 2675753 |
| double-blind report on the efficacy of lactic acid-producing enterococcus sf68 in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and in the treatment of acute diarrhoea. | a multicentre double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, involving 123 patients at 10 centres, was carried out to assess the efficacy of a preparation of lactic acid-producing enterococcus sf 68 in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and in the treatment of acute diarrhoea. in the prevention study, 45 patients being treated with antibiotics were given, concurrently, one capsule twice daily of either enterococcus sf68 or placebo. acute diarrhoea was present in 78 patients who ... | 1989 | 2676650 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of qa-241, a new tricyclic quinolone derivative. | the in vitro susceptibilities of 1,310 clinical isolates to qa-241, a novel tricyclic quinolone, were evaluated in comparison with susceptibilities to norfloxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, and ciprofloxacin. the mics of qa-241 for 90% of staphylococci, enterococcus faecalis isolates, and streptococcal species ranged from 1.56 to 6.25 micrograms/ml, and the activity of qa-241 was similar to those of norfloxacin and enoxacin but two to four times less potent than those of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. ... | 1989 | 2679369 |
| in vitro activity of cp-65,207, a new penem antimicrobial agent, in comparison with those of other agents. | cp-65,207 is a new parenteral penem antibiotic with a broad spectrum that includes gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic microorganisms, with mics for 90% (mic90s) of the majority of 1,101 clinical pathogens tested being less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. the compound was from 10- to 100-fold more active than cefoxitin and broad-spectrum cephalosporins against gram-positive bacteria and anaerobes. cp-65,207 was less active than imipenem for staphylococci, group a streptococci, and enter ... | 1989 | 2679370 |
| in-vitro activity of meropenem against clinical isolates in a multicentre study in italy. | a multicentre in-vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated in different italian hospitals to meropenem. a total of 1399 aerobic and 452 anaerobic strains was analysed. comparative agents were imipenem, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, piperacillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, plus vancomycin when appropriate. the mic ranges (mg/l) of meropenem were: 0.015-2 for klebsiella spp., proteus spp., morganella morganii and providencia spp.; l ... | 1989 | 2681128 |
| [the influence of cefpodoxime proxetil on the intestinal bacterial flora]. | the influence of cefpodoxime proxetil (cpdx-pr, cs-807), a new oral cephalosporin, on the intestinal bacterial flora was studied in tetra-contaminated mice and in pediatric patients. cpdx-pr dry syrup was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg once a day for 5 consecutive days to mice contaminated with 4 different species of bacteria: escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, bacteroides fragilis and bifidobacterium breve. no notable changes were observed in fecal viable cell counts except that sligh ... | 1989 | 2681865 |
| intravenous ciprofloxacin or ceftazidime in selected infections. a prospective, randomized, controlled study. | in a prospective, randomized, controlled study, the effectiveness and safety of intravenous ciprofloxacin was compared with those of ceftazidime in the treatment of tissue infections. a total of 52 patients received intravenous ciprofloxacin 200 mg twice daily (26 patients) or ceftazidime 1 to 2 g every eight to 12 hours (26 patients). this was followed, respectively, by oral ciprofloxacin or another suitable drug when improvement was seen. informed consent was obtained from all patients. cultur ... | 1989 | 2686422 |
| sulbactam/ampicillin versus metronidazole/gentamicin in the treatment of post-cesarean section endometritis. | sixty-seven patients diagnosed with post-cesarean-section endometritis were studied in a prospective comparative randomized trial of sulbactam/ampicillin, a new beta-lactamase inhibitor drug combination, versus treatment with metronidazole/gentamicin. the success rate was 91% for each antibiotic regimen. mycoplasma spp. or ureaplasma spp. were isolated from all treatment failures. endometrial cultures revealed 2.3 aerobes as well as anaerobes per patient, with enterococcus faecalis, bacteroides ... | 1989 | 2686919 |
| evaluation of the rapid strep system for identification of gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. | the rapid strep system (analytab products, plainview, ny) was used to identify 199 gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. the system accurately identified 88.4% of isolates. the system identified 100% of 46 streptococcus agalactiae, 100% of 48 streptococcus dysgalactiae, 54.5% of 11 streptococcus equinus, and 96.2% of 53 streptococcus uberis isolates. enterococcus spp. were identified correctly 83.3% of the time. one of 4 streptococcus saccharolyticu ... | 1989 | 2689485 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1986). i. susceptibility distribution]. | susceptibilities to various antibacterial and antibiotic agents of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections at 8 hospitals in japan from july to october in 1986 are summarized as follows. 1. enterococcus faecalis was susceptible to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (st) and imipenem (ipm) with mic90s of 0.78 and 1.56 microgram/ml. minocycline had the strongest activity against staphylococcus aureus; the mics for all strains tested were lower than 0.39 microgram/ml. the mic80s of dicl ... | 1989 | 2691714 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1986). ii. background of patients]. | from july to october in 1986, hospital data on 717 isolates of causative microorganism from patients with urinary tract infections and background information on 562 patients were collected. the urinary tract infections were divided into 3 groups; simple infections and complicated infections with or without the use of indwelling catheter. we investigated such factors as the patients' sex, age, and drug treatments, and the isolates obtained from the infections. from 1981 to 1986, about 25% of the ... | 1989 | 2691715 |
| immune response in patients with intraabdominal infections treated with imipenem. swedish study group. | in the present investigation the humoral immune response against isolated microorganisms in patients treated with imipenem was studied. sixty-six patients (34 men and 32 women, 18-86 years of age) with suspicion of intraabdominal infections entered the study. five patients were excluded for various reasons and the remaining 61 patients were treated with imipenem/cilastatin 0.5-1.0 g t.i.d. for 5-29 days (median nine days). three serum samples were taken from each patient, the first sample at adm ... | 1989 | 2693357 |
| comparative in vitro antibacterial activity of the new carbapenem meropenem (sm-7338). | the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the new carbapenem meropenem (sm-7338) was determined by an agar dilution method in comparison with imipenem, ticarcillin/calvulanic acid, ceftazidime and the fourth-generation cephalosporin cefepime (bmy 28142). meropenem showed superior activity against enterobacteriaceae (mic90 less than or equal to 0.06 mg/l) and against non-fermentative gram-negative rods, with the exception of xanthomonas maltophilia. meropenem had excellent activity against beta-lact ... | 1989 | 2695328 |
| the enterococci: evidence of species-specific clinical and microbiologic heterogeneity. | investigations of the clinical role of enterococci have been limited largely to enterococcal bacteremia and endocarditis and have not distinguished between the various species of enterococci. to characterize the full spectrum of enterococcal disease and to determine whether clinically important differences exist among infections and/or instances of colonization (infections/colonizations) by the various enterococcal species, cases of enterococcal infection/colonization diagnosed at the dallas vet ... | 1989 | 2705463 |
| penicillin-aminoglycoside synergy and post-antibiotic effect for enterococci. | the post-antibiotic effect (pae) on seven strains of enterococci was studied using a novel atp method and conventional viable counting. there was a good correlation between the results of the two techniques. in strains exhibiting low-level resistance to penicillin and streptomycin, paes of 1 to 2.4 h (mean 1.8 h) resulted from exposure to penicillin; shorter paes were induced by streptomycin (0.2-0.3 h; mean 0.2 h). addition of streptomycin to pencillin increased the duration of penicillin-induc ... | 1989 | 2708179 |
| in vivo ph of induced soft-tissue abscesses in diabetic and nondiabetic mice. | infections in the diabetic host have been shown to persist longer than those in the nondiabetic host. to investigate whether intra-abscess milieu might be a contributing factor to this persistence, the in vivo intra-abscess ph was measured in induced soft-tissue abscesses in diabetic and nondiabetic mice. two models (female genetically obese insulin-resistant and male streptozocin-induced diabetic mice) were used with appropriate controls. the bacteria injected to produce the soft-tissue abscess ... | 1989 | 2714521 |
| the effects of an occlusive zinc medicated dressing on the bacterial flora in excised wounds in the rat. | the effects of three different dressings - two occlusive and one non-occlusive - on the bacterial flora of excised wounds in rats were studied. the number of colony forming units per gram of granulation tissue were significantly lower 4, 8 and 12 days postoperatively in wounds treated with a zinc medicated occlusive dressing compared with wounds treated with non-zinc medicated occlusive hydrocolloid dressing or wet-to-dry non-occlusive gauze dressing. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) o ... | 1989 | 2714861 |
| enterococcus raffinosus sp. nov., enterococcus solitarius sp. nov. and enterococcus pseudoavium sp. nov. | deoxyribonucleic acid base composition, deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization, and biochemical studies were performed on some enterococci from clinical sources of uncertain taxonomic position. our results indicate that 6 human strains, a single clinical isolate and a strain from bovine mastitis are genetically distinct from each other and all other previously described enterococcus species and constitute three new species, for which the names enterococcus raffinosus, enteroco ... | 1989 | 2721919 |
| identification of gram-positive coccal and coccobacillary vancomycin-resistant bacteria. | a total of 84 of 150 vancomycin-resistant (defined as no inhibition of bacterial growth around a 30-micrograms vancomycin disk placed on 5% sheep blood-trypticase soy agar [bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.]) bacteria were definitively identified by determining the phenotypic criteria. the identity of representatives was also confirmed by dna-dna hybridizations. the following strains were identified: 1 enterococcus faecium, 18 leuconostoc mesenteroides, 15 leuconostoc citreum, 9 leucon ... | 1989 | 2723037 |
| inducible resistance to vancomycin in enterococcus faecium d366. | strain d366, a clinical isolate of enterococcus faecium, is resistant (minimum inhibitory concentration [mic] 32 mg/l) to vancomycin. when exponential-phase cultures were exposed to half the mic of vancomycin, a lag of 3-4 h occurred before growth resumed. cells preexposed to 1/2 mics of vancomycin did not show any lag. pregrowth of d366 with vancomycin caused resistance to all glycopeptides tested. pregrowth in vancomycin resulted in synthesis of a 3.95-kda cytoplasmic-membrane-associated prote ... | 1989 | 2723455 |
| characterization of a gram-positive broad-host-range plasmid isolated from lactobacillus hilgardii. | two plasmids, plab1000 and plab2000 (3.3 and 9.1 kb, respectively), have been isolated from a grass silage strain of lactobacillus hilgardii. both plasmids were cloned in escherichia coli and characterized through restriction mapping. a 1.6-kb xbai-saci fragment of plab1000 appeared to be sufficient for autonomous replication in lactobacillus plantarum and in bacillus subtilis. different shuttle vectors for e. coli and gram-positive bacteria were developed using the plab1000 plasmid. these could ... | 1989 | 2727147 |
| genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in aerococcus viridans. | resistance to at least one of the following antibiotics was found in eight wild-type strains of aerococcus viridans: erythromycin (six strains), tetracycline and minocycline (five strains), chloramphenicol (one strain), and high levels of streptomycin (one strain). none of the strains transferred any of their antibiotic resistance markers into streptococcal, enterococcal, or a. viridans recipients by conjugation. by dna-dna hybridization experiments, the ermb gene of transposon tn917, of enteroc ... | 1989 | 2729946 |
| antibacterial activity of the new glycopeptide antibiotic skf104662. | the inhibitory activity of the new glycopeptide antibiotic skf104662 was generally equivalent (+/- 1 concentration increment) to the activities of vancomycin, teicoplanin, and daptomycin against selected gram-positive bacteria. however, skf104662 demonstrated greater activity against staphylococcus epidermidis and s. haemolyticus than did teicoplanin and was more active than the other drugs against clostridium difficile isolates. skf104662 possessed bactericidal activity quite similar to that of ... | 1989 | 2729947 |
| [infection and immunosuppression in cancer patients]. | septicemia in hematologic malignancies and infection of herpes zoster in cancer patients were studied, and trend in organisms in a cancer hospital was investigated. 1) septicemia in hematologic malignancies. the success rate of antibiotic therapy for septicemia was 76% if the patients were not under antibiotic therapy when septicemia developed. but recovery from septicemia was only 25% if the patients were undergoing antibiotic therapy when septicemia developed. some 90% of neutropenic patients ... | 1989 | 2730015 |
| association experiments with aerobic and anaerobic pathogens: a model of in-vitro susceptibility testing in mixed infections. activity of enoxacin, clindamycin, and metronidazole. | in infections of polymicrobial etiology, it seems mandatory to combine an antibiotic with marginal activity against anaerobes with an anti-anaerobic drug, e.g. metronidazole or clindamycin. we investigated the effect of associations of anaerobic and facultatively anaerobic pathogens on mbcs of enoxacin, clindamycin, metronidazole, and combinations of enoxacin plus clindamycin or metronidazole. single testing, and associations of bacteroides fragilis with escherichia coli or enterococcus faecalis ... | 1989 | 2737759 |
| [materno-fetal infections caused by unusual germs. apropos of 9 cases]. | a retrospective study carried out from january 1981 through august 1988 identified nine cases of materno-fetal infections (staphylococcus aureus, 1 case; klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 cases; enterococcus, 3 cases; hemophilus influenzae, 1 case; and pneumococcus, 1 case) in six girls and three boys; four premature infants developed respiratory distress requiring mechanical ventilation. in four cases, maternal history found risk factors for infection. all patients developed circulatory failure and one ... | 1989 | 2742314 |
| [pharmacokinetic and bacteriological studies on sulbactam/ampicillin in the field of pediatrics]. | pharmacokinetic and bacteriological studies were carried out on sulbactam/ampicillin (sbt/abpc) in the field of pediatrics. the results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. a total of 248 clinical isolates were employed to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of sbt/abpc against various bacterial species. sbt/abpc showed stronger antibacterial activity against gram-positive organisms than against gram-negative rods. 2. the peak serum level of abpc was about twice as high as that o ... | 1989 | 2746843 |
| [bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of sulbactam/ampicillin in the pediatric field]. | the usefulness of sulbactam/ampicillin (sbt/abpc) in the treatment of pediatric infections was evaluated. 1. twenty pediatric patients with infection were treated with sbt/abpc and an intravenous dosage of 27.8-47.4 mg/kg, 3 to 4 times a day. clinical efficacies in 18 patients excluding 2 patients of mycoplasma pneumonia (9 cases of pneumonia, 6 urinary tract infection, 1 tonsillitis, 1 maxillary sinusitis and 1 osteomyelitis) were judged to be excellent in 13 patients and good in 5. there was n ... | 1989 | 2746851 |
| [pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in neonates]. | pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium (ipm/cs) were performed in neonates. the results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. plasma levels and urinary excretion of ipm and cs sodium were determined in 7 neonates with ages between 7 and 26 days (gestation periods were 37 to 41 weeks and birth weights were 2,410 to 3,890 g) upon 1 hour drip intravenous infusion of ipm/cs at 10 mg/10 mg/kg, or 20 mg/20 mg/kg. mean plasma concentrations of ipm reached t ... | 1989 | 2746858 |
| [microbiological aspects of suppurative-inflammatory complications (pericultitis) after hysterectomy]. | bacteriologic findings in 101 patients before and after hysterectomy for benign tumors, inflammations, uterine prolapse are presented. changes in aerobic and anaerobic vaginal and endocervical microflora species were demonstrated with respect to the phase of the cycle and the age of the patient. pre- and postoperative genital mifroflora is represented by aerobic and anaerobic opportunity organisms, such as enterococcus, epidermal staphylococcus, e. coli, lactobacilli, eubacteria, and bacteroides ... | 1989 | 2751051 |
| the second peptidoglycan hydrolase of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 covalently binds penicillin. | a second peptidoglycan hydrolase (muramidase-2) of streptococcus faecium atcc 9790 (enterococcus hirae) has been purified to apparent homogeneity. the enzyme has been shown to be a beta-1,4-n-acetylmuramoylhydrolase (muramidase; ec 3.2.1.17) and to differ in substrate specificity from a previously isolated muramidase. purified enzyme appears as two protein staining bands with molecular masses of 125 and 75 kilodaltons (kda) on polyacrylamide gels after sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis. elu ... | 1989 | 2753858 |
| [experience and evaluation of studies on the prevalence of nosocomial infections at a general hospital]. | from november 1986 to december 1987 we undertook 5 different counts of the prevalence of nosocomial infections (ni) in 4,572 patients (100% of the population). the following are the most important average values: ni overall, 14.4%, distributed as follows: urinary infections, 29.1%; surgical wounds, 21.6%; pneumonias 8.6%; phlebitis due to catheter insertion, 14.5%; and bacteremias, 5.2%. the most commonly found microorganisms were e. coli, s. aureus, proteus mirabilis and enterococcus. these stu ... | 1989 | 2756209 |
| [effects of nifuroxazide on fecal flora in healthy subjects]. | effect of nifuroxazide on fecal flora was studied in 12 healthy volunteers receiving, in hazardous order and double-blind procedure, three six-days courses of treatment separated by eight-days spaces of time: the conventional dosage of 400 mg twice a day, a dosage of 1200 mg once a day, and placebo. among six settled bacteriological index (wealth of the fecal flora, percentage of gram-negative bacteria, numbers of e. coli, enterococcus, clostridium and bacteroides), no significant variation was ... | 1989 | 2756516 |
| [studies of lomefloxacin in biliary tract infections]. | lomefloxacin (ny-198), a new antimicrobial quinolone, was examined for its antimicrobial activities against clinical isolates and clinical efficacies to biliary tract infections. the following results were obtained. 1. the mics of ny-198 against escherichia coli (20 strains) and klebsiella pneumoniae (20 strains) were good and similar to those of ofloxacin (oflx) or norfloxacin (nflx). the mics of ny-198 against pseudomonas aeruginosa (20 strains) were inferior by 1 dilution factor to oflx or nf ... | 1989 | 2769934 |
| [effects of sulbactam on the activity of cefoperazone against various clinical isolates]. | sulbactam/cefoperazone (sbt/cpz) have been used in clinical infusion at ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 in japan and u.s.a., respectively. after an administration of these drugs as a 1:1 parenteral formulation, the ratio of levels of cpz and sbt in blood was 1:1/4 to 1:1/5 for 1 to 2 hours, whereas the ratio of free, unbound drug levels was 1:1.4 to 1:1.5. in urine these drugs were excreted at a ratio between 1:1 and 1:4 during 6 hours after the infusion. antimicrobial interaction studies using various co ... | 1989 | 2769941 |
| [antibacterial activity of cervical mucus in pregnant or non-pregnant women]. | antibacterial activities of human cervical mucus obtained from non-pregnant and pregnant women were tested using standard blood agar plates. the combined effect of cervical mucus with cefmetazole (cmz) was also investigated. obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. cervical mucus specimens obtained from 6 subjects at 9 to 36 weeks of pregnancy showed antibacterial activity to only one strain of bacillus subtilis among organisms tested. the cervical mucus enhanced the activity of cmz agains ... | 1989 | 2769943 |
| emergence of isolates resistant to ampicillin. | clinical isolates of streptococcus faecium demonstrating ampicillin resistance were recovered from eight pediatric patients. sites of isolation included blood, surgical wound, bile drainage, urine, burns, and peritoneal fluid. seven patients had prolonged hospitalization, and all had been treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics prior to isolation of the resistant enterococcus. one isolate was from an ill, bacteremic patient; the others were in mixed culture and were not considered causes of dise ... | 1989 | 2773881 |
| occurrence of drug-resistant bacteria in communal well water around port harcourt, nigeria. | a total of 108 raw water samples was collected from 36 wells at nine shanty settlements around port harcourt, nigeria, over a period of 7 months. samples were analysed for their bacteriological quality. selected bacterial strains isolated from the samples were tested for their susceptibility to ten commonly used antibiotics. the organisms isolated include pseudomonas spp., klebsiella spp., staphylococcus spp., proteus spp., enterococcus faecalis, aeromonas spp., escherichia coli, chromobacterium ... | 1989 | 2776852 |
| enterococci highly resistant to penicillin and ampicillin: an emerging clinical problem? | sixteen clinical isolates of ampicillin-resistant enterococci (are) were recovered from the microbiology laboratory of a 450-bed rehabilitation medical center from january 1981 to september 1987. these isolates were detected when a disk diffusion test using 10 micrograms of ampicillin on a blood agar plate revealed no zones of inhibition. tube macrodilution tests yielded an mic of greater than or equal to 16 micrograms of ampicillin per ml. none of the isolates were penicillinase producers by th ... | 1989 | 2778072 |
| a protein of unusual composition from enterococcus faecium. | | 1989 | 2780297 |
| evaluation of media for monitoring fecal streptococci in seawater. | the selectivity of kf streptococcus agar (kf) for monitoring fecal streptococci (fs) in seawater was examined in 234 samples of mediterranean water and compared with the selectivity of m-enterococcus agar (m-ent) for 124 samples and with bile-esculin-azide agar (bea) for 17 samples. kf was found to be unsuitable for marine water because vibrio alginolyticus and other gram-negative bacilli indigenous to this environment grew well on it and produced red colonies identical to those of fs. in 26% of ... | 1989 | 2782876 |
| bactericidal activity of lomefloxacin sc 47111 (ny-198) and ciprofloxacin against selected pathogens. | the bacterial activity of lomefloxacin and ciprofloxacin against selected pathogens was compared using kill-kinetic methods to assess inhibitory (1 x mic) and suprainhibitory (4 x mic) concentrations. five strains each of the following microorganisms were studied: streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. we found that lomefloxacin was 8- to 16-fo ... | 1989 | 2791495 |
| comparative in vitro activity of lomefloxacin, a difluoro-quinolone. | lomefloxacin is a new difluoro-quinolone. in this study, we have determined the in vitro activity of lomefloxacin against a wide range of clinical bacterial isolates and compared it with that of other fluoro-quinolones and some unrelated antimicrobials. lomefloxacin was very active against enterobacteriaceae (mic90, 0.5 micrograms/ml) with activity comparable to that of ofloxacin (mic90, 0.25 micrograms/ml). lomefloxacin was moderately active against isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic90, 4 ... | 1989 | 2791500 |
| lomefloxacin, a new difluoroquinolone: in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | the in vitro activity of lomefloxacin, a new difluoro-quinolone, was compared to other antimicrobial agents against a selection of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. against the enterobacteriaceae, the lomefloxacin mic inhibiting 90% of strains was less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml. ninety per cent of pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter sp. isolates were inhibited at less than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml. all staphylococci including methicillin-resistant organisms were suscept ... | 1989 | 2791502 |
| in vitro activity of lomefloxacin (ny-198 or sc 47111). | the activity of lomefloxacin was compared to that of four other quinolones. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were similar to those of enoxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin against the enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus spp. and enterococcus faecalis. the activity of lomefloxacin was antagonized in urine at ph 5.4, but not in urine at ph 7.0. higher inocula required higher lomefloxacin concentrations for inhibition. lomefloxacin was more active at alkaline ph. at co ... | 1989 | 2791506 |
| [the ratios and kinds of clinical bacteria isolated in taiwan's large-size hospitals]. | the prevalence of clinical bacteria, as isolated from linko chang-gung memorial hospital (2,300 beds) in the period january 1985 to december 1986 and from taipei veterans general hospital (2,300 beds) during the period january 1986 to december 1986, was analyzed with the following findings: (i) the isolation ratio of anaerobic and aerobic or facultative bactria during the period of investigation were 7.8% (5,513/70,799) and 92.2% (65,286/70,799), respectively. (ii) of the total aerobic or facult ... | 1989 | 2791722 |
| molecular epidemiology of nosocomial, multiply aminoglycoside resistant enterococcus faecalis. | the prevalence of high-level aminoglycoside resistance among enterococcus faecalis at the memphis va medical center was 23.6% (59 of 250 isolates) from october to december 1986. hybridization to a probe cloned from ent. faecalis pip1800 for 6' acetyltransferase-2" phosphotransferase (aac6'-aph2") was observed in 55 (93.2%) of the resistant isolates and was associated with gentamicin resistance. hybridization to a probe cloned from ent. faecalis pjh1 for 3', 5" phosphotransferase type iii (aph3', ... | 1989 | 2793639 |
| [experimental and clinical studies on cefodizime in pediatrics]. | 1. absorption and elimination serum and urinary levels of cefodizime (cdzm, thr-221) were determined in 7 children with ages ranging from 3 to 12 years after a intravenous bolus injection of the drug at 20 mg/kg. the average serum level of the drug was 119.27 +/- 13.83 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, then decreased gradually with a half-life of 2.01 +/- 0.25 hours to 10.56 +/- 2.93 micrograms/ml at 6 hours. the average urinary elimination rate was 77.34 +/- 12.60%. 2. clinical study cdzm was given ... | 1989 | 2795856 |
| [chronological changes in bacteria isolated from the urinary tract and their drug sensitivities]. | statistical studies were performed on bacterial strains isolated from the urine of patients with various urological disease in our urological department between january, 1983 and december, 1987. in 1987, sensitivity tests of antibiotics to various pathogens were carried out. from the outpatients, 5,725 bacterial strains were isolated. s. epidermidis was isolated most frequently (23.8%), followed by enterococcus species (16.5%), e. coli (14.7%), streptococcus species (12.6%), proteus species (5.3 ... | 1989 | 2801407 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of at-4140, a new broad-spectrum quinolone. | at-4140, 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-(cis-3,5- dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, showed broad and potent antibacterial activity. its mics for 90% of the strains tested were 0.1 to 0.78 micrograms/ml against gram-positive organisms, such as members of the genera staphylococcus, streptococcus, and enterococcus, and 0.0125 to 1.56 micrograms/ml against gram-negative organisms, such as members of the family enterobacteriaceae and the genera pseudomonas, b ... | 1989 | 2802544 |
| active-site and membrane topology of the dd-peptidase/penicillin-binding protein no. 6 of enterococcus hirae (streptococcus faecium) a.t.c.c. 9790. | the membrane-bound 43,000-mr penicillin-binding protein no. 6 (pbp6) of enterococcus hirae consists of a 30,000-mr dd-peptidase/penicillin-binding domain and a approximately 130-residue c-terminal appendage. removal of this appendage by trypsin proteolysis has no marked effect on the catalytic activity and penicillin-binding capacity of the pbp. anchorage of the pbp in the membrane appears to be mediated by a short 15-20-residue stretch at the c-terminal end of the appendage. the sequence of the ... | 1989 | 2803261 |
| activity of meropenem, against gram-positive bacteria. | a new carbapenem antibiotic, meropenem, was shown to be active against a large number of gram-positive bacteria. the drug inhibited penicillinase-positive and -negative, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci equally well. among the comparative antimicrobials examined, only n-formimidoyl-thienamycin (imipenem) was two to four times more active than meropenem. compared with vancomycin or methicillin, meropenem was 10-20 times more active. strains of 11 species of streptococci were highly susceptib ... | 1989 | 2808202 |
| comparative in-vitro activity of meropenem against clinical isolates including enterobacteriaceae with expanded-spectrum beta-lactamases. | meropenem, a new parenteral carbapenem, was tested in vitro by an agar-dilution method against 373 standard strains (aerobes and anaerobes) and against nine expanded-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains and their transconjugants (5 ctx-1, 2 caz-1, 2 caz-2). meropenem was compared with methicillin, imipenem, piperacillin, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and metronidazole. meropenem and imipenem exhibited an extended spec ... | 1989 | 2808205 |
| development of a meropenem susceptibility disc: drug content, preliminary interpretive and quality control criteria and potency bioassay. | laboratory studies were conducted to develop an appropriate susceptibility disc for meropenem. laboratory-prepared paper discs containing 5, 10, and 20 micrograms of meropenem were investigated. agar dilution mics and agar disc diffusion tests were performed with 367 rapidly growing clinical isolates by methods recommended by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls). agar disc diffusion tests with 10 micrograms meropenem discs acceptably defined organisms as susceptible o ... | 1989 | 2808211 |
| comparative in-vitro activity of meropenem on clinical isolates from the united kingdom. | mics of meropenem were determined for a wide range of common bacteria of clinical importance. for enterobacteriaceae, aeromonas spp., haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, gardnerella vaginalis, campylobacter coli/jejuni, beta-haemolytic streptococci and anaerobes other than clostridium difficile, mics were almost always within the range 0.002-0.5 mg/l. the activity of meropenem for these organisms was always greater than that of imipenem and piperacillin, and w ... | 1989 | 2808214 |
| nosocomial bloodstream infection at a veterans hospital; 1979 to 1987. | studies of nosocomial bloodstream infection (nbi) have come primarily from university, municipal or community hospitals with little specific information from veterans hospitals. the objective of this study was to define trends in nbi at a tertiary care veterans hospital. patients with nbi were identified by retrospective review of microbiology records and of infection control surveillance records from 1979 to 1987 at the buffalo veterans administration medical center (vamc). between 1979 and 198 ... | 1989 | 2809171 |
| [the influence of cefteram pivoxil on the intestinal bacterial flora]. | the influence of cefteram pivoxil (cftm-pi), a new oral cephalosporin, on the intestinal bacterial flora was studied in tetra-contaminated mice and in pediatric patients. cftm-pi in fine granular form was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg once a day for 5 consecutive days to mice contaminated with 4 different species of organisms: escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, bacteroides fragilis and bifidobacterium breve. no remarkable change was observed in the fecal viable cell count except that ... | 1989 | 2810740 |
| [biliary excretion and clinical efficacy of t-3262 (tosufloxacin tosilate) administered in the treatment of cholecystitis]. | t-3262 (tosufloxacin tosilate), a new oral pyridone carboxylic acid agent, was investigated for its biliary excretion and clinical efficacy and safety to evaluate its usefulness in the treatment of cholecystitis. t-3262 was administered to a total of 4 healthy volunteers for 2 days at a dose of 150 mg every 8 hours, and a-, b- or c-bile were collected using the meltzer-lyon method at 10-11 hours after the final administration. bile concentrations of t-3262 in 3 cases were 0.33-2.05 micrograms/ml ... | 1989 | 2810750 |
| [clinical laboratory approach for estimating effective administrative dose of cephalothin. reevaluation of mic break points in 4 category system of disc susceptibility test]. | the reliability of the cephalothin (cet) disc susceptibility test in estimating approximate values of mics was studied using various clinical isolates totaling 248 strains and using showa discs (8 mm diameter containing 30 micrograms of cet) and difco discs (6 mm diameter containing 30 micrograms of cet). clinical significance of a 4 category system for the interpretation of the cet disc tests, which is widely used in japan, was reevaluated to determine whether this system would be suitable or n ... | 1989 | 2810753 |
| [a clinical study on cefteram pivoxil in the field of pediatrics]. | cefteram pivoxil (cftm-pi, t-2588), a new oral cephem antibiotic of ester type, was evaluated for its safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics. 1. one child, 4 years of age (18 kg body weight), was administered orally 3 mg/kg after meal. the peak serum level of cftm was 0.78 microgram/ml after 2 hours, and cumulative urinary excretion rate during the first 6 hours was 15.0%. 2. clinical studies on cftm-pi were carried out in 17 pediatric patients; 1 with acute pharyngitis, 2 with acute tonsillitis, ... | 1989 | 2810756 |
| activity of glycopeptides against vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria. | gram-positive bacteria resistant to vancomycin are rare; but they include members of the genera leuconostoc, lactobacillus, and pediococcus, as well as recently emerging vancomycin-resistant strains of enterococcus faecium and enterococcus faecalis. vancomycin, teicoplanin, and several vancomycin derivatives were tested for their activities against vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria. vancomycin-resistant e. faecium and e. faecalis were generally cross-resistant to other glycopeptides, b ... | 1989 | 2817848 |
| [clinical observation of neonatal sepsis]. | sepsis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn infants. from january 1983 to april 1988, 166 cases of neonatal sepsis with positive blood cultures were collected at v.g.h.--taichung. among them 140 newborn babies were delivered at private clinic (outborn babies), 26 cases were inborn babies. of the inborn babies, 20 cases (76.9%) were early onset sepsis (the onset of illness within 96 hours of life) and 6 cases (23.1%) were late onset sepsis (the onset of illness beyond ... | 1989 | 2819581 |
| activity of ly146032 in vitro and in experimental enterococcal pyelonephritis. | the efficacy of ly146032 (ly), a new lipopeptide antibiotic, was compared with that of vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and gentamicin and combinations of ly-ceftriaxone, ly-imipenem, and ly-gentamicin against 15 strains of streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis by microtiter dilution and checkerboard techniques. ly was effective within a very narrow range of drug concentrations (from 0.125 to 2.0 micrograms/ml) and was more active than other agents tested against s. faecalis. en ... | 1987 | 2820299 |
| bactericidal activity of deptomycin (ly146032) compared with those of ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and ampicillin against enterococci as determined by kill-kinetic studies. | this study used kill-kinetic methods to provide data on the bactericidal activity of subinhibitory (1/2 x mic), inhibitory (1 x mic), and suprainhibitory (4x, 6x, and 8x mic) concentrations of deptomycin (ly146032) against strains of enterococci compared with those of ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and ampicillin. deptomycin was the most active agent tested, as determined by broth microdilution methods, with all strains being inhibited at concentrations less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. the kil ... | 1987 | 2821883 |
| homology of a transferable tetracycline resistance determinant of clostridium difficile with streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis transposon tn916. | in several tetracycline-resistant (tetr) clostridium difficile strains, homology with the tn916 part of plasmid pam120 dna was observed. this 15-kilobase transposon, carrying a tetr determinant, was originally found in streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis. hybridization experiments revealed that at least six of seven hincii fragments of tn916, representing greater than 95% of its length, showed homology with dna of tetr c. difficile strains. therefore, a close relationship of the c. difficile t ... | 1987 | 2821887 |
| comparative in-vitro activity of ly146032 and eight other antibiotics against gram-positive bacteria isolated from children. | ly146032, a cyclic peptide antibiotic active against many gram-positive bacteria, was compared to methicillin, vancomycin, clindamycin, cefuroxime and gentamicin against methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible strains of staphylococcus aureus and staph. epidermidis. ly146032 was uniformly active against clinical isolates of staphylococci, inhibiting 90% of strains of staph. aureus and staph. epidermidis at a concentration of 0.5 mg/l. vancomycin was slightly less active than ly146032 a ... | 1987 | 2822647 |
| nucleotide sequence of the ends of the conjugative shuttle transposon tn1545. | the conjugative shuttle transposon tn1545 from streptococcus pneumoniae transposes in various gram-positive bacterial genera following self-transfer and in escherichia coli after cloning. analysis of the junction fragments and of the targets before insertion and after excision of the element by dna hybridization and sequencing indicated that tn1545 (1) is not flanked by terminal repeated sequences in either direct or opposite orientation, (2) is flanked, in an asymmetric fashion, by terminal var ... | 1987 | 2823065 |
| ly146032: activity and resistance development in vitro. | ly146032, a new lipopeptide antibiotic, was compared with vancomycin, teicoplanin, cefamandole and ciprofloxacin, against 107 clinical isolates comprising methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus spp., streptococcus faecalis and corynebacterium spp. all staphylococci were susceptible to all agents, except that some of the methicillin-resistant strains were resistant to cefamandole. only ly146032 and ciprofloxacin were bactericidal to str. faecalis. development of resistan ... | 1987 | 2824427 |
| optimal streptomycin concentration for detection of adenylyltransferases. | | 1987 | 2824428 |
| transposon tn916 mutagenesis in bacillus anthracis. | mutagenesis of bacillus anthracis by the streptococcal tetracycline resistance transposon tn916 is described. tn916 was transferred from streptococcus faecalis ds16c1 to b. anthracis vnr-1 by conjugation in a standard filter mating procedure. tetracycline-resistant (tcr) transconjugants were obtained at a frequency of 1.6 x 10(-8) per donor cfu. when donor and recipient cells were treated with nafcillin before conjugation, the frequency was increased nearly 10-fold. nafcillin pretreatment of don ... | 1988 | 2826334 |
| genetic organization of the bacterial conjugative transposon tn916. | tn916, which encodes resistance to tetracycline, is a 16.4-kilobase conjugative transposon originally identified on the chromosome of streptococcus faecalis ds16. the transposon has been cloned in escherichia coli on plasmid vectors, where it expresses tetracycline resistance; it can be reintroduced into s. faecalis via protoplast transformation. we have used a lambda::tn5 bacteriophage delivery system to introduce tn5 into numerous sites within tn916. the tn5 insertions had various effects on t ... | 1988 | 2826394 |
| activity of ly146032 against enterococci with and without high-level aminoglycoside resistance, including two penicillinase-producing strains. | we tested the activity of ly146032 (ly) against 57 strains of enterococci collected from chile, thailand, and the united states. some of the strains were resistant to high levels of gentamicin or streptomycin (or both), and two produced beta-lactamase (bla+). mics of ly ranged from 0.5 to 8 micrograms/ml, and mbcs ranged from 1 to 64 micrograms/ml. in time-kill assays, a 2 to 3 log10 killing effect was observed with ly against two bla+ strains of streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis and against ... | 1987 | 2829715 |
| [the effect of a raffinose diet and cooked legumes on various processes in the large bowel in the rat]. | changes of ph, enzyme activity and microflora in the large bowel of the rat after feeding them various diets containing raffinose and leguminous seeds (soybean, peas and beans) have been studied. feeding a 12% raffinose-containing diet as well as cooked leguminous seeds lowered ph. however, similar decrease of ph was observed after some other diets (for example, milk powder or raw pearl barley). remarkable alpha-galactosidase activity in the large bowel of rats after legume diet has been observe ... | 1987 | 2830516 |
| in vitro selection of bacteria resistant to ly146032, a new cyclic lipopeptide. | isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, and coagulase-positive and -negative staphylococci were investigated for their abilities, in vitro, to develop resistance to ly146032. exposure of the organisms to incremental concentrations of ly146032 resulted in mics 8- to 32-fold higher than those for the original isolates. after three passages on antibiotic-free medium, the high mics were maintained for the coagulase-negative staphylococci and pneumococci, wi ... | 1988 | 2831813 |
| ly146032, alone and in combination with gentamicin, for the treatment of enterococcal pyelonephritis in the rat model. | the in vivo and in vitro activity of ly146032 against streptococcus faecalis gk was examined. the following mics and mbcs in micrograms per milliliter were obtained: ampicillin, 0.8 and 1.5; vancomycin, 0.8 and 50; gentamicin, 12 and 25; and ly146032, 0.8 and 6. a time-kill-curve study involving approximately 10(6) organisms per ml showed a drop in the number of organisms of almost 2 log10 in the tube containing ly146032 (2 micrograms/ml) plus gentamicin (4 micrograms/ml) compared with bacterial ... | 1988 | 2831816 |
| evidence for natural gene transfer from gram-positive cocci to escherichia coli. | high-level resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin type b (mls) antibiotics in escherichia coli bm2570 is due to the presence on the conjugative plasmid pip1527 of the mls resistance determinant ermbc, which is almost identical to the erm genes previously described in plasmid pam77 from streptococcus sanguis (ermam) and in transposon tn917 from enterococcus faecalis (ermb). this gene and its regulatory region are located downstream from the insertion sequence is1. the 23s rrna methylas ... | 1988 | 2832378 |
| intergeneric and intrageneric conjugal transfer of plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance determinants in leuconostoc spp. | transfer of the broad-host-range resistance plasmids pip501 and pam beta 1 from streptococcus faecalis to leuconostoc dextranicum and leuconostoc cremoris occurred between cells that were immobilized on nitrocellulose filters in the presence of dnase. transfer of pip501 to leuconostoc spp. also occurred when streptococcus sanguis and streptococcus lactis were used as donors. in addition, transfer of pip501 and pam beta 1 was observed from l. cremoris and l. dextranicum transconjugants to s. sang ... | 1988 | 2833158 |
| impact of ly146032 on streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis translocation in mice. | the susceptibility of swiss white mice to colonization with streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis was greatly increased when the animals were given 5 mg of streptomycin sulfate per ml in their drinking water. one week after initiation of streptomycin treatment, the mice were challenged orogastrically with graded doses of streptomycin-resistant s. faecalis. the number of s. faecalis cells required to implant the intestinal tract of 50% of untreated mice was 2.9 x 10(9), but was only 4.8 x 10(3) f ... | 1988 | 2835001 |
| sequence analysis of termini of conjugative transposon tn916. | transposon tn916 is a 16.4-kilobase, broad-host-range, conjugative transposon originally identified on the chromosome of enterococcus (streptococcus) faecalis ds16. its termini have been sequenced along with the junction regions for two different insertions. the ends were found to contain imperfect inverted repeat sequences with identity at 20 of 26 nucleotides. further in from the ends, imperfect directly repeated sequences were present, with 24 of 27 nucleotides matching. the transposon juncti ... | 1988 | 2838457 |
| restriction mapping and hybridization studies of a beta-lactamase-encoding fragment from streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis. | a restriction map of a 5.1-kilobase ecori fragment encoding an enterococcal beta-lactamase was prepared and compared with the restriction map of a cloned staphylococcal beta-lactamase gene and with the published maps of several other staphylococcal beta-lactamase genes. comparison and hybridization studies showed that there were identical restriction sites in the region of the bla structural gene but not in the region surrounding this gene. | 1988 | 2840018 |
| [demonstration of an inoculum effect on the estimation of the minimal inhibitory concentration of ly 146032]. | this work has been performed to study the inoculum effect on the in vitro activity of ly 146032, a new lipopeptide antibiotic. a statistical analysis (x2 and t test) of the data concerning the mic of different bacterial groups has been carried out to appreciate the phenomenon. the activity of vancomycin has been compared. a major inoculum effect has been detected for ly 146032. it must be taken into account to evaluate the activity of this new antibiotic. | 1988 | 2841637 |
| molecular analysis of a composite chromosomal conjugative element (tn3701) of streptococcus pyogenes. | the plasmid-free streptococcus pyogenes a454 contains a conjugative element, tn3701, encoding resistance to erythromycin (emr), tetracycline (tcr), and minocycline (mnr). we have mapped a 50-kilobase (kb) chromosomal region of a454 corresponding to the internal part of tn3701. tn3701 includes a 19.7-kb structure, designated tn3703, on which the emr tcr mnr determinants were localized. tn3703 was very similar in structure to tn916. translocation of the emr tcr mnr markers from a454 onto pip964, a ... | 1988 | 2842292 |
| regulation of the pad1 sex pheromone response in enterococcus faecalis: construction and characterization of lacz transcriptional fusions in a key control region of the plasmid. | strains carrying the enterococcus (formerly streptococcus) faecalis plasmid pad1 responded to exogenous sex pheromone by inducing a number of gene products which facilitated mating. a 7-kilobase region of pad1 was identified which contained genes that are important for the regulation of this response. using the transposon tn917-lac delivery vector ptv32ts, we generated a number of fusions that allowed us to examine transcription in this region. at least three transcriptional units were identifie ... | 1988 | 2842316 |