| purification, crystallization, and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of the flavoenzyme mercuric ion reductase from bacillus sp. strain rc607. | the flavoenzyme mercuric ion reductase from bacillus sp. strain rc607 was purified by dye-ligand affinity chromatography. the protein was crystallized from solutions of high ionic strength, and one of the two crystal forms obtained has proven suitable for x-ray diffraction studies. preliminary analysis showed that these crystals belong to the tetragonal space group 1422. the unit cell dimensions are a = b = 180.7 a; c = 127.9 a. the diffraction pattern extends to better than 3 a resolution. crys ... | 1989 | 2668287 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of chromosomal virulence region kcpa of shigella flexneri. | in shigella flexneri, in addition to several well-recognized plasmid-borne virulence loci, at least three genetic loci implicated in pathogenesis have been recognized on the chromosome. to understand more about the pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery at a molecular level, the genetically recognized but previously unidentified kcpa region (one of the chromosomal regions near pure) was cloned and sequenced. a single translatable open reading frame encoding a 12310 dalton protein corresponding to t ... | 1989 | 2668687 |
| fungistatic activity of miconazole against candida albicans in relation to ph and concentration of nonprotonated drug. | at less than 10(-5) m, miconazole (mcz) exerts a fungistatic effect on candida albicans, presumably by interfering with ergosterol biosynthesis. the imidazole moiety of mcz is subject to protonation (pka approximately 6.5). based on pka and greater water solubility of protonated (mczh+) versus nonprotonated (mczo) drug, fungistatic action ought to be markedly affected by environmental ph, but apparently it is not. in this report growth phase, ph, and concentrations of mcz and mczo have been stud ... | 1989 | 2668754 |
| [bacillary dysentery--1987]. | | 1989 | 2669032 |
| liver disease associated with exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane. | 1,1,1-trichloroethane is a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent commonly used in industry because of its supposed lack of hepatotoxicity. nonetheless, animal studies performed by several independent groups have shown the solvent to induce fat deposition, vacuolar degeneration, and centrilobular necrosis, changes similar to those seen after exposure to carbon tetrachloride, albeit of a much reduced magnitude, in animals exposed to the agent. four patients with fatty liver disease whose work entailed s ... | 1989 | 2669664 |
| oviducal storage of spermatozoa in the turkey: its relevance to artificial insemination technology. | 1. this paper addresses questions concerning the role of oviducal sperm selection and storage in the relative inefficiency of turkey reproduction. 2. before the onset of egg production, the turkey has the biological potential to store spermatozoa in its oviduct for periods up to 5 weeks; after the onset of production fewer spermatozoa are retained by the oviduct. 3. a better understanding of the biological mechanisms which regulate sperm selection and storage in the turkey oviduct is necessary t ... | 1989 | 2670069 |
| putative start codon ttg for the regulatory protein virg of the hairy-root-inducing plasmid pria4. | the nucleotide sequence of the virg gene for a transcriptional activator on the agropine-type hairy-root-inducing plasmid pria4 was determined. the sequence contained one possible open reading frame. the gene product with a molecular size of 26.5 kda was identified by an escherichia coli coupled-transcription-translation system using cloned virg plasmids as templates. however, neither an atg nor a gtg start codon which could give rise to such a protein was identified in the nucleotide sequence. ... | 1989 | 2670679 |
| interleukin-1 potentiates granulopoiesis and thrombopoiesis by producing hematopoietic factors in vivo. | in vivo administration of recombinant human interleukin-1 beta (rhu il-1 beta) selectively enhanced the recovery from granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia caused by whole body irradiation, in a dose dependent manner. since il-1 itself in vitro had no colony-stimulating activity (csa), we studied whether il-1 can produce hematopoietic factors in vivo, which in turn will promote granulopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. serum from il-1 injected mice showed marked granulocyte/macrophage csa (gm-csa), but ... | 1989 | 2671565 |
| synthesis of prostacyclin and thromboxane a2 by rat gastric mucosa. comparison of 1,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-1,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-4h-pyrido (1,1-a)-pyrimidine-3-carboxamide and cimetidine. | the production of prostacyclin (pgi2) and thromboxane a2 (txa2) was studied in an indometacin-induced ulcer model in rats. the specific activities of prostacyclin synthetase and thromboxane synthetase as well as the tissue content of these prostaglandins were determined. the anti-ulcer effect of cimetidine and a novel agent, i.e. 1,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-1,6,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-4h-pyrido(1,1-a)-pyrimidine-3- carboxamide (chinoin-127) was compared in this respect. the indometacin treatment shifted the b ... | 1989 | 2673252 |
| computer-assisted structural analysis of polysaccharides with an extended version of casper using 1h- and 13c-n.m.r. data. | the computer program casper, used in the structural analysis of polysaccharides composed of repeating units, has been extended. the extended version uses either unassigned 1h- or 13c-n.m.r. chemical shifts or the complete unassigned c,h-correlation spectrum, and can predict the structure of linear and branched oligo- and poly-saccharides. the number of possible structures, consistent with sugar and methylation analysis, can be decreased by the use of 1jc,h and 3jh,h values. the database, which c ... | 1989 | 2673508 |
| clinical & bacteriological profiles of shigellosis in calcutta before & after an epidemic (1984-87). | patients below 5 yr of age, hospitalised for shigellosis over a period of four years (1984-87), were studied. during the epidemic of bacillary dysentery (1984) isolation of different shigella spp. as well as shigella dysenteriae type 1 was high. decreased isolation of sh. dysenteriae type 1 and increased isolation of sh. flexneri was observed during post-epidemic years (1985-87). isolation of different shigella spp. was always above 25 per cent from patients with dysentery and greater than 7 per ... | 1989 | 2674001 |
| identification of shigella invasion genes by isolation of temperature-regulated inv::lacz operon fusions. | penetration and multiplication within cells of the human colonic epithelium are hallmarks of shigella spp. pathogenicity. shigella spp. virulence is regulated by growth temperature. strains phenotypically virulent when grown at 37 degrees c are phenotypically avirulent when grown at 30 degrees c. the number of genes involved in shigella spp. pathogenicity and how many virulence genes are temperature regulated are unknown. to facilitate the study of temperature-regulated virulence in shigella spp ... | 1989 | 2674014 |
| studies on interactions of endotoxin with factors of the contact system of plasma. | | 1989 | 2675058 |
| lymphocyte homing. | the phenomenon of "homing" is discussed with respect to patterns of lymphocyte circulation and the molecules on the surface of both endothelium and lymphocytes that mediate this process. in addition, the data are analysed in the context of a model for lymphocyte homing. | 1989 | 2675225 |
| transcription by rna polymerase i stimulates mitotic recombination in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the recombination-stimulating sequence hot1 is derived from the ribosomal dna array of saccharomyces cerevisiae and corresponds to sequences that promote transcription by rna polymerase i. when inserted at a chromosomal location outside the ribosomal dna array, hot1 stimulates mitotic recombination in the adjacent sequences. to investigate the relationship between transcription and recombination, transcription promoted by hot1 was directly examined. these studies demonstrated that transcription ... | 1989 | 2677675 |
| a 101-kilodalton heme-binding protein associated with congo red binding and virulence of shigella flexneri and enteroinvasive escherichia coli strains. | the ability of shigella flexneri to bind congo red or hemin is associated with virulence. a 101-kilodalton (kda) protein responsible for this phenotype (crb+) in s. flexneri was identified by a tetramethylbenzidine staining procedure which detects heme-protein complexes in polyacrylamide gels. labeling of cell-surface polypeptides with 125i revealed that the 101-kda heme-binding protein is expressed on the cell surface. expression of the protein was regulated by growth temperature and was found ... | 1989 | 2680975 |
| orientation of reaction center complexes from rhodobacter sphaeroides in proteoliposomes and the effect of o-phenanthroline on electrogenesis during primary photochemical reaction. | the orientation of rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction center complexes (rc complexes) in proteoliposomal membranes was investigated by a direct electrometric method. conditions were found that allow monitoring of only that rc complex fraction that is oriented with its donor side to the inner part of the proteoliposome. it is shown that o-phenanthroline, an inhibitor of electron transfer between primary (qa) and secondary (qb) quinone acceptors, can also inhibit the photoinduced qa reduction. the e ... | 1989 | 2681179 |
| herpes simplex infection associated with pemphigus vulgaris. case report and literature review. | a 55-year-old man had an 8-week history of oral ulcers. studies revealed concurrent pemphigus vulgaris and active herpes simplex infection. there have been seven previous case reports of this association, and these are reviewed. | 1989 | 2681299 |
| indicators of spontaneous and stimulated nitroblue tetrazole test of polymorphous-nuclear leucocytes in acute dysentery patients. | 140 healthy individuals and 93 sick with acute dysentery were subjected to an examination by spontaneous and by bacterial preparations stimulated reaction with nitroblue tetrazole (nbt test). indicators in healthy persons were normal in the spontaneous, and increased in the nbt test, stimulated by bacterial preparations. indicators of the spontaneous nbt test in patients with acute dysentery were raised with a maximum in the period of early convalescence. stimulation by a live shigella culture-- ... | 1989 | 2681402 |
| the presence of nicotine on root surfaces of periodontally diseased teeth in smokers. | there is a growing body of scientific evidence to support the concept that the use of tobacco products significantly contributes to the progression of periodontal disease or is detrimental to healing following periodontal therapy. several studies have shown toxic effects of nicotine on peripheral circulation and the immune response. the purpose of the present study was to identify and compare the quantity of nicotine present on root planed and nonroot planed surfaces of teeth from smokers. twent ... | 1989 | 2681674 |
| mechanism of action of gnrh-induced oocyte maturation. | | 1989 | 2681744 |
| mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising in a lymphoepithelial cyst--report of a case and review of the literature on branchiogenic carcinoma. | a 59-year-old japanese man who had recently noticed a gradual enlargement in a nodule located in the left anterior part of his neck was admitted for surgical treatment. the histopathological features of the resected tumor were consistent with a typical lymphoepithelial cyst, however, the inner surface epithelium of the cyst showed histological transition to mucoepidermoid carcinoma, which was partially invading the cyst wall. despite clinical efforts in a systemic search, no primary lesions whic ... | 1989 | 2681906 |
| [coexistence of abdominal aortic aneurysm and intraabdominal malignancy; two case reports]. | we experienced two cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm which had intra-abdominal malignancy (early gastric cancer). case 1 was a 72 year-old man who was treated by two-stage operation of them. gastrectomy was performed about 7 months prior to the aneurysmectomy. case 2 was a 70 year-old man who was diagnosed both lethal diseases, renal dysfunction, chronic respiratory failure and multiple ventricular arrhythmia. he was treated by one-stage operation and was discharged with no complications. coexi ... | 1989 | 2682201 |
| a comparison of structural features of the walls of coronary arteries from 10 different species. | the intimal thickness of the coronary arteries of humans less than 20 years of age was compared with that 9 other species. it was found that humans were unique amongst the species studied in showing substantial intimal thickening at an early age. the intimal thickening was associated with defects of the internal elastic lamina (iel), which in humans were not repaired, but which in other species were associated with an effective reduplication of the iel. this reformed iel appeared in other specie ... | 1989 | 2682490 |
| thymotaxin, a chemotactic protein, is identical to beta 2-microglobulin. | thymotaxin, an 11-kilodalton protein chemotactic for rat bone marrow hematopoietic precursors, was purified from media conditioned by a rat thymic epithelial cell line. the nh2-terminal sequence of thymotaxin was identical to that of rat beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m). antibodies to beta 2m removed thymotaxin activity from the fraction containing the 11-kilodalton protein. chemotactic activity was observed with rat plasma beta 2m, human beta 2m, and mouse recombinant beta 2m, further supporting ... | 1989 | 2683083 |
| construction and evaluation of a double mutant of shigella flexneri as a candidate for oral vaccination against shigellosis. | based on studies on the genetic and molecular basis of shigella flexneri invasive properties, we have constructed and evaluated a double mutant of s. flexneri serotype 5 for utilization as a live attenuated oral vaccine against shigellosis. the first mutation, icsa, blocks intracellular spread of bacteria as well as cell-to-cell infection. it affects the capacity of the invasive pathogen to form large abscesses in epithelia. the second mutation, iuc, eliminates production of the siderophore aero ... | 1989 | 2683460 |
| interspecies gene transfer in vivo producing an outbreak of multiply resistant shigellosis. | in 1983, a small outbreak of infections caused by a previously unrecognized multiply-drug-resistant shigella flexneri 3a strain occurred on the hopi indian reservation. the index patient, a diabetic woman with recurrent escherichia coli bacteriuria on prophylactic trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smz) therapy, was hospitalized with concurrent e. coli urinary tract infection and shigellosis. both e. coli isolated from her urine and s. flexneri isolated from her stool were resistant to ampicilli ... | 1989 | 2685126 |
| [problems in the epidemiology and prevention of intestinal infections]. | | 1989 | 2686152 |
| [modern theoretical and practical conceptions of the epidemiology of shigellosis]. | | 1989 | 2686310 |
| multicentre experience in the treatment of burns with autologous and allogenic cultured epithelium, fresh or preserved in a frozen state. | this report describes the clinical results obtained from a multicentre experience of the use of autologous and allogenic cultured human epidermal cells in the treatment of partial and full skin thickness burns. a laboratory has been organized to supply cultured epithelium to burns units in different cities. from may 1986 to december 1988, 58 patients with an age range of 1 to 59 years, and with burns covering between 7 and 95 per cent of the body surface area, have been treated. graftable cultur ... | 1989 | 2686683 |
| a novel maturation marker for human sertoli cells. | the maturation of sertoli cells at puberty is critical for the initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis. little is known about the factors which control sertoli cell maturation. we have examined sertoli cells in testicular specimens from 44 subjects, ranging in age from 6 months to 67 years, for reactivity with a mouse monoclonal antibody (m2a) using the immunoperoxidase reaction. we found positive reactivity with prepubertal but not postpubertal sertoli cells, suggesting that the antigen d ... | 1989 | 2687179 |
| use of shigella flexneri ipac and ipah gene sequences for the general identification of shigella spp. and enteroinvasive escherichia coli. | the products of the ipab, ipac, and ipad genes are involved in the expression of the invasive phenotype in all species of shigella and enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec). dna probes derived from these genes are accurate indicators of the invasive phenotype (m. venkatesan, j. m. buysse, e. v. vandendries, and d. j. kopecko, j. clin. microbiol. 26:261-266, 1988); however, spontaneous loss of the invasion plasmid or selective deletion of invasion-associated genes may restrict the usefulness of ... | 1989 | 2687318 |
| isoenzyme analysis of typhoid-shigella and escherichia-shigella hybrid vaccines and their parental strains. | isoenzyme analysis can be used to measure phenotypic changes and to characterize bacterial strains. the use of isoenzyme analysis to characterize bacterial hybrid vaccine strains that were prepared for human vaccination is described in this report. the hybrid vaccine strains were two lots of salmonella typhi-shigella sonnei vaccine, two lots of escherichia coli-shigella flexneri vaccine, and their parental strains. the two lots of s. typhi-s. sonnei hybrid vaccine had only 5 of 11 reactive isoen ... | 1989 | 2687324 |
| complement component c1q enhances invasion of human mononuclear phagocytes and fibroblasts by trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes. | internalization and infectivity of trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes by macrophages is enhanced by prior treatment of parasites with normal human serum. heating serum or removing c1q from serum abrogates the enhancement, but augmentation of attachment and infectivity is restored by addition of purified c1q to either serum source. although both noninfective epimastigotes (epi) and vertebrate-stage tissue culture trypomastigotes (tct) bind c1q in saturable fashion at 4 degrees c, internalization b ... | 1989 | 2687332 |
| the induction of interferon production in fibroblasts by invasive bacteria: a comparison of salmonella and shigella species. | as the role of interferon (ifn) in host defense against facultative intracellular bacterial infections continues to expand, it has become increasingly important to understand what cell types can produce ifn following infection and/or interaction with these invasive bacteria. we have demonstrated previously that shigella flexneri was able to induce high levels of ifn in primary cultures of human and murine fibroblasts following bacterial invasion. in this study, we examined the ability of salmone ... | 1989 | 2687612 |
| monoclonal antibodies against the surface antigens of shigella flexneri serotype 1b and shigella dysenteriae serotype 1. | monoclonal antibodies against the surface antigens of shigella flexneri 1b and s. dysenteriae 1 were prepared. the specificities of the antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and quantitative agglutination using microtiter plate. monoclonal antibodies against s. flexneri 1b, designated sf2b2 and sf2g4, belonged to igg2a and igg1 subclass, respectively. the former was specific for s. flexneri 1b, whereas the latter was reactive not only to s. flexneri 1b, but also ... | 1989 | 2687648 |
| toxic megacolon and perforation caused by shigella. | | 1989 | 2688808 |
| shigella colitis with radiological and endoscopic correlation: case report. | we report a patient with acute colitis secondary to shigella flexneri infection. radiologic and endoscopic studies were obtained during and after the patient's clinical recovery. hypotonic air contrast barium enemas were helpful in evaluating the severity and extent of the disease proximal to the segment viewed by flexible sigmoidoscopy. they showed pseudopolyposis, which has not been previously reported in the acute phase, and other mucosal abnormalities which persisted long after clinical reco ... | 1989 | 2688842 |
| nutritional anestrus in beef cows: concentrations of glucose and nonesterified fatty acids in plasma and insulin in serum. | twenty-two nonlactating hereford cows exhibiting normal estrous cycles were fed either maintenance (m) or restricted (r) diets until most of the r cows became anestrus; r cows then were fed 160% of the m diet until estrous cycles resumed. concentrations of progesterone, glucose, insulin and nonesterified fatty acids (nefa) were determined in weekly blood samples. blood also was collected frequently, before and after i.v. infusion of 300 ml of a 40% glucose solution, to evaluate responses in bloo ... | 1989 | 2689418 |
| biofilm model experiments in vitro with escherichia coli and shigella strains. | escherichia coli and shigella were cultured together in a glucose-free minimal medium completed only by hog gastric mucin. in mixed cultures inoculated simultaneously one member of the pair more or less overgrew the other. this organism remained predominant when superinfected with its strain pair after 1, 3, 5 or 7 days incubation. other signs of the quasi biofilm character of such cultures are the higher level of free polysaccharides and enhanced viscosity in the medium and higher streptomycin ... | 1989 | 2690554 |
| [field trials with an oral cell-free vaccine made from shigella flexneri]. | the data on the study of the reactogenicity, safety and prophylactic potency of a new acellular vaccine prepared from s. flexneri 2a antigenic complexes are presented. according to the results of two epidemic experiments, the vaccine, introduced by oral administration, showed low reactogenicity, safety and sufficient prophylactic potency. the vaccine decreased morbidity rate in dysentery caused by s. flexneri 2a and ensured the protection of 74% (72-80%) of the vaccinees. the complete course of ... | 1989 | 2692352 |
| platelet-activating factor increases platelet-dependent glycoconjugate secretion from tracheal submucosal gland. | using isolated glands from feline trachea, we examined the effect of platelet-activating factor (paf) on radiolabeled glycoconjugate release and glandular contraction by measuring induced tension in the absence or presence of platelets. paf alone did not produce any significant glandular contraction nor any significant change in glycoconjugate release from isolated glands. in the presence of purified platelets containing no plasma, paf (10(-8) to 10(-5) m) produced significant glycoconjugate sec ... | 1989 | 2692465 |
| falciparum malaria--present day problems. an experience with 425 cases. | clinical details and present day problems encountered in 425 cases of falciparum malaria (pf) are reported. 10.11% had taken chloroquine prior to reporting to us. parasitic count done in 23.05% cases lacked correlation with severity of disease. pattern of fever varied markedly but 5.4% were afebrile throughout and presented only with bodyache and malaise. apyrexial spell was noted in 5.64%. 28.70% had typical facial looks of anaemia and sallow complexion. cerebral symptoms were noted in 3.05%. o ... | 1989 | 2693436 |
| the genetics of protein targeting in escherichia coli k12. | genetic analysis of protein targeting in escherichia coli has been facilitated by the use of lacz gene fusions. strains which contain a fusion between a gene specifying a noncytoplasmic protein and lacz exhibit novel phenotypes that can be exploited to obtain export-defective mutations. analysis of these mutations has demonstrated the importance of the signal sequence and provided some insight into the functions performed by this complex intragenic export signal. in addition, genes that specify ... | 1989 | 2693457 |
| [clinical trial of t-3262 (tosufloxacin tosilate) on salmonella enteritis, and fecal drug concentration and change in the fecal microflora in the acute diarrheal patients. japan research committee of t-3262, research group for acute infectious enteritis]. | for the purpose of evaluation of clinical efficacy, safety and usefulness on salmonella enteritis, t-3262 (tosufloxacin tosilate), a newly developed pyridone-carboxylic acid derivative, was administered to a total of 103 patients and carriers. in addition, in vitro antibacterial activity of t-3262 was determined against the clinical isolates, and compared with those of nalidixic acid (na), pipemidic acid (ppa), enoxacin (enx), norfloxacin (nflx) and ofloxacin (oflx). and when t-3262 was administ ... | 1989 | 2693543 |
| [the role of the antilysozyme activity of shigella flexneri as a factor controlling the degree of its resistance to the lytic action of bacteriophages]. | the level of the antilysozyme activity of s. flexneri in ensuring the high level of their phage resistance has been studied. the realization of the phage protective effect of antilysozyme activity has been noted to occur due to disturbances in the lysis of infected bacteria by phage-synthetized lysozyme-like enzyme. the direct relationship between the level of the lysozyme production of bacteriophages and their capacity for overcoming the antilysozyme protection of the host bacterium has been sh ... | 1989 | 2694689 |
| [interleukin-1-inducing activity of the polysaccharide-containing antigens of the cell wall in yersinia pestis]. | the induction of the synthesis of interleukin-1 (il-1) in human monocytes under the influence of the endotoxic preparations (lps) and y. pestis basis somatic antigen has been experimentally studied. the results obtained in this study make it possible to come to the conclusion that the capacity of the endotoxin of y. pestis cell wall, consisting of lps of type r, for inducing the synthesis of il-1 in human monocytes is not different from the corresponding capacity of salmonella and shigella lps, ... | 1989 | 2694696 |
| [resistance of shigella to antibiotics]. | antibiotic sensitivity of 104 shigella clinical strains and 104 escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with acute dysentery not treated with antibiotics in 1986-1987 was studied. it was shown that 100 per cent of the dysentery pathogens and colon bacilli were antibiotic resistant. strains resistant simultaneously to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, monomycin and kanamycin were the most frequent among the dysentery pathogens. colon bacilli and dysentery pathogens ... | 1989 | 2694990 |
| extra-intestinal manifestations of shigellosis. | | 1989 | 2695518 |
| [molecular pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery caused by shigella flexneri]. | | 1989 | 2695659 |
| evidence for clathrin mobilization during directed phagocytosis of shigella flexneri by hep2 cells. | the enteroinvasive species shigella flexneri expresses a plasmid-mediated capacity to penetrate epithelial cells by directed phagocytosis involving actin polymerization. in the present work, hep2 cells were depleted of intracellular k+ in order to arrest receptor-mediated endocytosis and to evaluate the role of this endocytic pathway in the internalization of invasive microorganisms. such a treatment, which efficiently inhibited diphtheria toxin endocytosis and dissociated clathrin coats of the ... | 1989 | 2695740 |
| genotoxicity testing: phage t7 inactivation test of various furan and arenofuran derivatives. | the genotoxic activities of 28 furan and arenofuran derivatives were tested by the phage t7-inactivation test. the genotoxic activity of the compounds was characterized quantitatively. all the compounds studied have pronounced genotoxic activities in our system. empirical rules relating structure to genotoxic activity were found. data obtained with our system were compared with the results of other biological systems (salmonella assay, sos chromotest, cho/hgprt, gene amplification) in the case o ... | 1989 | 2695762 |
| characterization and autoprocessing of precursor and mature forms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv 1) protease purified from escherichia coli. | a recombinant plasmid encompassing the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv 1) protease coding sequence and flanking regions (ala-13 to gly-185 of the pol open reading frame) has been expressed in two distinct strains of escherichia coli, ar58 and ar68. in the first strain, ar58, the primary translation product, a 25 kilodalton (kda) precursor protein, is short-lived and rapidly processes itself to the 11 kda mature protease in vivo. in the second strain, ar68, the 25 kda species is only par ... | 1989 | 2695927 |
| fulminating encephalopathy associated with shigella flexneri. | | 1989 | 2696551 |
| [clinico-morphological criteria of diagnosis of dysentery and salmonella infections]. | clinical symptoms and laboratory findings have been evaluated for 108 patients with intestinal infection associated with apparent colitic syndrome. differential diagnosis between dysentery and salmonellosis was not an easy task even though clinical signs of the diseases appeared different. dysentery ran with tenesmus, sigmoid pain and spasms. symptoms of gastritis, intoxication, dehydration, hepatomegaly predominated in salmonellosis. in obscure cases colonic biopsy can be helpful due to high se ... | 1989 | 2696830 |
| transferable trimethoprim resistance of shigellae encountered in vellore (south india). | shigella flexneri and sh. shigae which are the two most common shigellae encountered in vellore (south india) were found to exhibit resistance to trimethoprim and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. eighty four per cent of this was high level resistance. transfer studies conducted with these strains indicated that this high level resistance is plasmid mediated. | 1989 | 2697688 |
| protein-losing enteropathy. | | 1989 | 2697925 |
| [the etiological structure of shigellosis in the ussr in recent years]. | the characterization of etiological structure of shigella infection in the whole of the ussr, in individual union republics and at a number of other administrative territories of the ussr in recent years is presented. s. flexneri has been shown to prevail at the territories with unsatisfactory water supply of the population, and s. sonnei prevails at the territories with good water supply. at the former territories s. dysenteriae and s. boydii retain their etiological importance, while at the la ... | 1989 | 2698030 |
| [the role of delayed hypersensitivity in the development of an experimental dysentery infection and vaccinal process]. | the results of experiments, indicating the development of cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity (dh) skin reaction, its dependence on the virulence of shigella flexneri 2a, the dose and the character of the antigen used for testing the reaction, are presented. one of the immunologically active components of s. flexneri virulent strain 2a no. 516 is a biologically active thermolabile factor detected in filtrate and supernatant fluid. these data suggest that the immunosuppressive action of the vi ... | 1989 | 2698032 |
| clinical role of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. | the activity of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) for increasing leukocyte production and enhancing mature neutrophil function has been clearly demonstrated in phase i clinical trials in patients with a variety of hematologic and malignant diseases. the focus of current studies includes determination of optimal administration schedules and its use in combination with myelosuppressive chemotherapy, radiation therapy or antimicrobial agents. the utility of ... | 1989 | 2698875 |
| [prostaglandins and cyclic nucleotides in the gastrointestinal form of yersiniosis]. | in spite of the resemblance of the clinical picture of gastrointestinal yersiniosis and acute dysentery, material differences underlie the pathogenesis of these diseases. yersiniosis is marked by the predominance of an increase in the content of pgf2 alpha, whereas acute dysentery by an increase in the content of pge, which may be accounted for by greater intensity of the allergic manifestations in yersiniosis patients as compared with dysentery. shigellosis runs its course in the presence of th ... | 1989 | 2699095 |
| [the importance of immunofluorescence and cytologic indices in the diagnosis and prognosis of the course of dysentery]. | | 1989 | 2699099 |
| effects of endothelin on the cardiovascular system and on smooth muscle preparations in different species. | (1) the actions of porcine endothelin (et), an endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptide, have been investigated in several in vitro smooth and cardiac muscle preparation as well as on the blood pressure of anaesthetized rats and rabbits. (2) in isolated visceral smooth muscles (guinea pig ileum, rat colon and uterus, rabbit jejunum) et caused a long-lasting contraction which persisted after repeated rinsing. et did not interfere with the spontaneous phasic activity of the rabbit jejunum or wi ... | 1989 | 2699356 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies with diagnostic potential against shigella flexneri. | highly specific monoclonal antibodies (mcabs), 1am3, 2am1 and 2bm2 were produced and characterized against sh. flexneri 1a, 2a and 2b respectively. iam3 is an igg3 (lambda) type antibody reactive against whole bacteria or the lipopolysaccharide (lps) only; 2am1 is an igg1 (kappa) type antibody which reacts with the polysaccharide component of lps; 2bm2 is an igg3 (lambda) type antibody which binds with both the polysaccharide and protein/peptide components of the lps. the results indicate that s ... | 1989 | 2700207 |
| current management of salivary gland tumors. part 2. | the authors base their treatment of salivary gland malignancies on the size of the primary and the histopathologic diagnosis. group 1 includes smaller tumors in the t1 and t2 classification with cell types that are associated with slow growth. a parotidectomy is usually sufficient therapy for tumors in this group. group 2 contains t1 and 2 tumors with more aggressive behavior. total parotidectomy is indicated here, with postoperative radiotherapy. t3 tumors and patients with nodal metastasis or ... | 1989 | 2701414 |
| [resonance stimulation of regional ventilation of the lungs by sound vibration in the prevention of acute respiratory insufficiency]. | | 1989 | 2704716 |
| abnormalities in the levels of extracellular and tissue amino acids in the brain of the seizure-susceptible rat. | basal and high potassium-stimulated release of endogenous amino acids was measured using brain dialysis in the hippocampus of urethane-anesthetized seizure-resistant (sr) and seizure-susceptible (ss) rats. moreover, the tissue level of amino acids was determined in the hippocampus, sensorimotor cortex, cerebellum and corpus striatum. the basal extracellular concentration of amino acids did not differ between sr and ss rats. however, aspartate release was higher, and taurine and phosphoethanolami ... | 1989 | 2707250 |
| preliminary notes on vulnerability of the retina to injury from peripheral laser exposure conditions. | if laser exposures to the periphery of the retina from low-energy lasers cause a hemorrhage obscuring the optical pathway to the fovea, resulting in loss of visual function, the risks for soldiers on the battlefield may be greater than previously expected. two off-axis experiments were undertaken to obtain an indication of the hazards involved in exposing the peripheral retina to visible laser irradiation. both off-axis exposures caused immediate vitreal hemorrhages in the periphery. after 80 mi ... | 1989 | 2708055 |
| differential expression of transforming growth factors alpha and beta in rat intestinal epithelial cells. | expression of transforming growth factor alpha (tgf alpha), and transforming growth factor beta (tgf beta) was assessed in isolated primary rat intestinal epithelial cells as well as a rat intestinal crypt cell-derived cell line (iec-6). a gradient in tgf beta was present, with high concentrations of a 2.5-kb transcript found in undifferentiated crypt cells and progressively lower amounts of the tgf beta transcript in increasingly differentiated villus cell populations. in contrast, the concentr ... | 1989 | 2708531 |
| topographic organization of the central projections of the spiral ganglion in cats. | the morphological organization of inputs from restricted sectors of the cat cochlear spiral ganglion into the cochlear nucleus was studied by making focal extracellular injections of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the spiral ganglion. injections resulted in golgi-like labeling of a small cluster of spiral ganglion cells and their peripheral and central axons. large injections involved most of the cells within rosenthal's canal in sectors of the spiral ganglion innervating greater than or equa ... | 1989 | 2708585 |
| tyrosine phosphorylation in the postnatal rat brain: a developmental, immunohistochemical study. | we have used antibodies against phosphotyrosine to probe 50-microns cerebellar sections from rats of various ages as well as sections of adult brainstem, cerebrum, and olfactory bulb to investigate the developmental appearance of this phosphorylation system as revealed by light microscopy. while the overall intensity of staining in the cerebellum was highest at 7 days, the pattern of staining in the adult is quite disparate from that seen in younger animals. from 10 to 21 days postnatal, stainin ... | 1989 | 2708590 |
| effect of surfactant-associated protein-a (sp-a) on the activity of lipid extract surfactant. | the properties of natural bovine surfactant and its lipid extract have been examined with a pulsating bubble surfactometer which assesses the ability of surfactant lipids to adsorb to the air/liquid interface and reduce the surface tension to near 0 dynes/cm during dynamic compression. studies conducted at 1 mg/ml phospholipid revealed that the surface activity (i.e., the ability to produce low surface tensions) of lipid extracts could be enhanced by incubating the sample at 37 degrees c for 120 ... | 1989 | 2713385 |
| effect of estradiol on the phosphorylation of rat liver ribosome proteins. | the effect of estradiol on phosphorylation with gamma-32p-atp of ribosome proteins from polyribosome fraction, isolated from female rat liver is found out. rats (180 g) used were: sham-operated, ovariectomized and treated after ovariectomy for 11 days with 20 micrograms 17 beta-estradiol-dipropionate per 100 g body weight. the estradiol deficiency after ovariectomy decreased phosphorylation, but the estrogenization of ovariectomized rats increases it twice. in vitro the hormone (1-2 mumol/l) [co ... | 1989 | 2714224 |
| early plaque colonization on human cementum. | we have described the morphology of developing plaque on cementum in an in vivo human model. slabs of cementum obtained from sound teeth, rendered anorganic with 5% sodium hypochlorite, were glued to orthodontic brackets and positioned on the upper canines, premolars and molars in 8 volunteers. the brackets were removed after 2, 4, 8, 24 h and processed for scanning electron microscopy (sem). within 2 h, a thin pellicle covered the cementum surface, with few micro-organisms detectable. at 4 and ... | 1989 | 2715365 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies toward bovine interferons-alpha suitable for immunopurification. | five murine hybridoma clones, producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to bovine interferon-alpha (boifn-alpha) were established. one of these, f12, secreted mabs giving high titers, in elisa tests, neutralizing both boifn-alpha, -alpha c, and boifn-alpha d activities, belonging to the mouse igg1 class, and having a binding affinity constant of 10(8) m-1. f12 mabs were used for immunoaffinity purification of boifn-alpha, and recombinant boifn-alpha c from escherichia coli extracts was purified to ... | 1989 | 2715671 |
| immunoblotting analysis of the reaction of wildebeest, sheep and cattle sera with the structural antigens of alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (malignant catarrhal fever virus). | malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) is a disease of cattle and some other ruminants caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (ahv-1), a virus of wildebeest. the disease also occurs in the absence of wildebeest and is then thought to be caused by a viral agent harboured by the sheep. the structural proteins of ahv-1 have been used as antigens for the immunoblotting analysis of sera from wildebeest, sheep and cattle infected by either ahv-1 or the "sheep-associated" form of the disease. wildebeest sera sho ... | 1989 | 2718352 |
| [viral infection and obstructive cholangiography in children]. | in the last years it has been suggested that idiopathic obstructive cholangiopathy is a pathologic process with evolutive studies: extrahepatic biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis. the possibility of a viral agent as the inciting factor has been investigated. this report shows four male and one female with confirmed idiopathic obstructive cholangiopathy with different clinical picture. there was evidence of cytomegalovirus infection in two patients, rubella infection in one patient, hepatitis ... | 1989 | 2719422 |
| a light microscopic and autoradiographic study of non-irradiated and irradiated ocular wounds. | focal gamma irradiation was used to limit the intraocular extension of scar tissue which typically occurs after posterior perforating injury to the eye. standard posterior perforating injuries were created in the right eye of forty-eight rabbits, half of which had the site of perforation focally irradiated using a cobalt 60 ophthalmic plaque. non-irradiated wounds healed with profuse formation of highly cellular and vascularised granulation tissue which invaded the vitreous to form contractile v ... | 1989 | 2721224 |
| a light microscopic and autoradiographic study of non-irradiated and irradiated ocular wounds. | focal gamma irradiation was used to limit the intraocular extension of scar tissue which typically occurs after posterior perforating injury to the eye. standard posterior perforating injuries were created in the right eye of forty-eight rabbits, half of which had the site of perforation focally irradiated using a cobalt 60 ophthalmic plaque. non-irradiated wounds healed with profuse formation of highly cellular and vascularised granulation tissue which invaded the vitreous to form contractile v ... | 1989 | 2721224 |
| the effects of ultrasonically induced hyperthermia on experimental tumors in the rabbit eye. | greene's melanomas, implanted in the anterior chamber of 31 eyes of 19 dutch rabbits, were treated with hyperthermia induced by high intensity focused ultrasound (hifu). the percentage necrosis 24 hr after treatment (n) as a function of steady-state intratumor temperature (t) could be described with n(t) = -181.5 + 4.7t (p less than 0.05). the most frequent side effect was a local hemorrhagic keratitis. the acoustic absorption coefficient and thermal conductivity of the tumor tissue were 0.08 cm ... | 1989 | 2722440 |
| assessment of the conduction of the cardiac impulse by a new epicardiac surface and stimulation technique (sst-ecg) in langendorff perfused mammalian hearts. | the assessment of the effects on the conduction of the cardiac impulse and of refractoriness simultaneously from multiple cardiac structures is important to evaluate the mode of action of new compounds, as well as to investigate undesired cardiac side effects. the measurements of intracardiac electrical activities of special structures have required catheter methods or averaging techniques to produce clear deflections of low-level potential wave forms. we have developed an epicardial surface ele ... | 1989 | 2724989 |
| neuropeptide y afferents have synaptic interactions with histaminergic (histidine decarboxylase-immunoreactive) neurons in the rat brain. | the synaptic interaction was identified between histaminergic cells and neuropeptide y (npy)-immunoreactive axon terminals in the caudal magnocellular nucleus, by means of the immunoelectron microscopic mirror method. this observation suggests that npy afferents exert monosynaptic influences upon the functioning of the central histaminergic neuronal system. | 1989 | 2725952 |
| human basic fibroblast growth factor gene encodes four polypeptides: three initiate translation from non-aug codons. | human basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) is an angiogenic polypeptide mitogen present in a wide variety of mesoderm- and neuroectoderm-derived tissues. bfgf cdna and genomic clones predict a 17.8-kda (155-amino acid) gene product based on the presence of a single putative translational initiator atg codon. however, a bfgf protein isolated from human placenta contains two additional amino acids nh2-terminal to the predicted initiator methionine. we report here that the human cell line sk-hep-1 ... | 1989 | 2726761 |
| large phosphate shifts with treatment for hyperglycemia. | although hypophosphatemia is known to commonly accompany therapy for hyperglycemia, it is not generally appreciated that severe life-threatening depletion of phosphate may occur. i followed up two patients who had precipitous drops during intravenous insulin therapy for diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic state. the patient with diabetic ketoacidosis had a phosphate level nadir that equaled the lowest recorded phosphate level in a living human (0.03 mmol/l). because (1) serum phosp ... | 1989 | 2730261 |
| hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictor response with asymmetric oleic acid injury in the dog. | the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictive (hpv) response is characterized by two components: intrapulmonary blood flow redistribution and pulmonary artery pressure (pap) augmentation. whether both remain intact after oleic acid lung injury has not been assessed. in an asymmetric model of right lung oleic acid edema, we examined the relative magnitude of each component on the hpv response to right lung inspired hypoxia. before oleic acid administration, right lung hypoxia decreased perfusion to the ... | 1989 | 2736926 |
| the practice of euthanasia in the netherlands. | | 1989 | 2737857 |
| biological properties of streptonigrin derivatives. iii. in vitro and in vivo antiviral and antitumor activities. | antitumor antibiotic streptonigrin (stn-cooh) is a potent inhibitor of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) and human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptases. the carboxyl group at 2'-position of stn-cooh was modified to give esters, hydrazide, amides and amino acid derivatives for biological studies. against amv reverse transcriptase, the hydrazide, amides and amino acid derivatives showed inhibitory activity, which compared favorably to that of stn-cooh, with the id50 values ranging 2-8 micr ... | 1989 | 2737955 |
| leucine-zipper motif update. | | 1989 | 2739731 |
| endogenous serum albumin content in brain after short-lasting epileptic seizures. | epileptic seizures can transiently alter the blood-brain barrier. we have determined the content of extravasated endogenous serum albumin in the brain and its change with time after bicuculline (0.3 mg/kg) induced epileptic seizures of a few minutes' duration in conscious rats. the brains were perfused with saline in situ 5 min, 2 h, 24 h, 3 or 7 days after the injection of bicuculline. the content of endogenous serum albumin in the cerebral cortex, diencephalon, mesencephalon, pons and cerebell ... | 1989 | 2743155 |
| glycaemic effects of traditional european plant treatments for diabetes. studies in normal and streptozotocin diabetic mice. | twelve plants used for the traditional treatment of diabetes mellitus in northern europe were studied using normal and streptozotocin diabetic mice to evaluate effects on glucose homeostasis. the plants were administered in the diet (6.25% by weight) and/or as decoctions or infusions in place of drinking water, to coincide with the traditional method of preparation. treatment for 28 days with preparations of burdock (arctium lappa), cashew (anacardium occidentale), dandelion (taraxacum officinal ... | 1989 | 2743711 |
| [surgical proposals concerning omental mesh graft. experimental studies]. | in general surgery, the advantages deriving from the utilisation of omental graft are attributable to the ease with which it takes, its regenerating potential and the modulator action on tissue repair. personal experience regarding the peritoneization and covering of surgical liver surfaces is reported and the use in various sectors of surgery of omental mesh graft is recommended. | 1989 | 2747948 |
| heterogeneity of anti-u demonstrable by the use of papain-treated red cells. | when red cells (rbcs) are treated with papain, one form of the u antigen, which we have named ups (u papain-sensitive), is almost completely removed or denatured. a second form, upr (u papain-resistant), remains unaltered on the treated rbcs. tests on 42 examples of anti-u showed that two contained only anti-ups, 19 contained only -upr, and 21 contained separable -ups and -upr. in those sera containing both antibodies, anti-upr was always the stronger of the two. these findings suggest 1) that u ... | 1989 | 2749873 |
| morphology of the bovine sertoli cell during the spermatogenetic cycle. | the morphology of the bovine sertoli cell was studied during 6 different phases of the spermatogenetic cycle. tubular dimensions do not vary significantly during the phases. sertoli cells occupy 27.0% (phase 4) to 38.4% (phase 8) of the tubular epithelium. sertoli cells of phase 1 are approximately 20% larger than during the other phases. 30-35% of sertoli cell volume consists of organelles. mitochondrial (about 5.0%) and nuclear (about 5.7%) volume densities remain remarkably stable during the ... | 1989 | 2752416 |
| enhancement of radiation-induced dna double-strand breaks and micronuclei in human colon carcinoma cells by n-methylformamide. | the differentiation-inducing agent n-methylformamide (nmf) enhances the sensitivity of some cell lines to ionizing radiation. to elucidate the mechanism of nmf-mediated radiosensitization, we examined the effects of this agent on gamma-ray-induced dna double-strand breaks and micronuclei in two cell lines, clone a (human colon carcinoma) and hca-1 (murine hepatocarcinoma). both cell lines form a better differentiated phenotype upon exposure to nmf, yet only clone a is radiosensitized. the neutra ... | 1989 | 2756107 |
| perioral anesthesia disrupts maternal behavior during early lactation in long-evans rats. | the role of perioral somatosensory stimulation from pups in maternal behavior was investigated in lactating long-evans rats (rattus norvegicus) during early lactation by local anesthesia of the mystacial pads with lidocaine, which blocks conduction in the infraorbital nerve. it was concluded that (1) acute perioral anesthesia markedly inhibited pup retrieval when the subjects had no formal pretreatment retrieval experience. further, these dams displayed little tolerance to the lidocaine treatmen ... | 1989 | 2757582 |
| biological activity in the repopulating rat spermatocyte after the withdrawal of gossypol treatment: ii. the activity for the synthesis of cellular and nuclear basic proteins. | the synthesis of cellular and nuclear basic proteins in the first generation of the repopulated pachytene spermatocyte (rps) and the control pachytene spermatocyte (cps) was studied by the incorporation of 3h-arginine into proteins. after pretreatment with gossypol for various lengths of time, the synthetic activity for cellular protein in the rps was slightly inhibited. in comparison to cps, on the other hand, the inhibition ranged from 12% to 26% (for gossypol pretreatment from 3 to 12 weeks, ... | 1989 | 2758844 |
| relationship between concentration and anticonvulsant effect of phenytoin against electroshock-induced seizures in rats: comparison of sampling sites for concentration determinations. | the purpose of this investigation was to determine the optimum sampling site for phenytoin concentration measurements in the context of pharmacodynamic studies of the anticonvulsant effect of phenytoin. determination of drug concentrations in the serum, serum water, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of rats as a function of time after iv injection of a 6-mg/kg dose revealed a significant disequilibrium between brain and serum water for 15 min and between csf and serum water for 5 min after in ... | 1989 | 2760817 |
| protein synthesis and degradation in non-cultured and in-vitro cultured rabbit blastocysts. | in 'pulse-chase' experiments synthesis and half-lives of leucine-labelled proteins were determined in rabbit blastocysts. embryos were either non-cultured controls or were cultured for 24 h or 48 h in ham's f-10 medium supplemented with homologous serum or uterine flushings. in control blastocysts protein synthesis increased by a factor of 10 between day 4 and day 5. half-lives of newly synthesized proteins were 32 h in day-4 and 99 h in day-5 control blastocysts. in-vitro culture of day-4 blast ... | 1989 | 2760880 |
| growth and metabolic properties of bacteroides intermedius in anaerobic continuous culture. | two strains of bacteroides intermedius bh20/30 and bh18/23, have been grown in anaerobic continuous culture under various conditions for periods up to 54 days. strain bh20/30 grew over a relatively wide ph range from 5-8 with a maximum at ph 7.0 at a dilution rate (d) of 0.1 h-1 with a glucose limitation, while strain bh18/23 had an optimum between 5.8 and 7.3 and would not grow above and below this range. the maximum growth rate (mu max) for the latter strain was shown to be 0.23 h-1, or a doub ... | 1989 | 2762020 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of putative chicken prolactin cdna. | a cdna library was prepared from mrna isolated from anterior pituitary glands of incubating bantam hens, in which prolactin mrna levels were predicted to be very high. nine clones, representing abundant mrna species, were identified and shown to contain homologous sequences. two clones, of 871 bp and 580 bp, were analysed by dna sequencing. the shorter clone was found to be a truncated cdna product but otherwise identical to the longer clone. the 871 bp cdna, prl101, contains an open reading fra ... | 1989 | 2765112 |