| retarded decline of the share of sars-cov-2-positive children in north rhine-westphalia, germany. | knowledge on the mechanisms of viral spread, of time-related changes, and age-specific factors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections is important to develop recommendations aimed at controlling the pandemic. in this context, longitudinal data on proportions of positive results in different age groups are rare. data on total positive counts and on shares of positive counts deriving from a private (mvz) and a university (rwth) laboratory were analyzed retrospectively and co ... | 2020 | 32986242 |
| effect of corticosteroid therapy on the duration of sars-cov-2 clearance in patients with mild covid-19: a retrospective cohort study. | in december, 2019, an outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19), which was caused by a novel coronavirus, started in wuhan, china. so far, there is limited clinical evidence on the effect of corticosteroid therapy for this disease. this study aims to investigate the association between corticosteroid therapy and the duration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) clearance among patients with mild covid-19. | 2020 | 32986226 |
| current treatment of covid-19 in renal patients: hope or hype? | to date the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars- cov-2), known as covid-19, is for clinicians the most difficult global therapeutic problem. in this landscape, the management of patients with chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury or patients undergoing immunosuppressant therapies for kidney transplant or glomerular diseases, represent a clinical challenge for nephrologists, especially in patients with severe acute lung involvement. therefore in this setting, due to the la ... | 2020 | 32986137 |
| severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) screening with specimen pools: time to swim, or too deep for comfort? | | 2020 | 32986122 |
| risk factors for in-hospital mortality from covid-19 infection among black patients - an urban center experience. | racial disparities are central in the national conversation about covid-19. black/african americans are contracting and dying from covid-19 disproportionately. we assessed risk factors for death from covid-19 among black inpatients at an urban center in detroit, mi. | 2020 | 32986102 |
| coronavirus disease model to inform transmission reducing measures and health system preparedness, australia. | the ability of health systems to cope with coronavirus disease (covid-19) cases is of major concern. in preparation, we used clinical pathway models to estimate healthcare requirements for covid-19 patients in the context of broader public health measures in australia. an age- and risk-stratified transmission model of covid-19 demonstrated that an unmitigated epidemic would dramatically exceed the capacity of the health system of australia over a prolonged period. case isolation and contact quar ... | 2020 | 32985971 |
| coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine development: an overview. | to this day, the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic has not shown signs of abating. moreover, the virus responsible for the pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has evolved into three different variants. this phenomenon highlights an even greater need to develop drugs and vaccines to control the rate of infection and spread of the disease. as of july 7, 2020, at least 160 vaccine candidates, 21 of which have entered the clinical trial phase, have been developed. t ... | 2020 | 32985963 |
| disparities in sars-cov-2 positivity rates: associations with race and ethnicity. | numerous reports indicate that african americans and latinos are being affected disproportionately by coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). positivity rates have not been analyzed on scale because only 4 states report race/ethnicity as part of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) testing. previous studies also have had little ability to control for many known risk factors to better identify the effects of covid-19 on racial and ethnic communities. using test results from a ... | 2020 | 32985959 |
| the iminosugars celgosivir, castanospermine and uv-4 inhibit sars-cov-2 replication. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) pandemic poses an unprecedented challenge for healthcare and the global economy. repurposing drugs that have shown promise in inhibiting other viral infections could allow for more rapid dispensation of urgently needed therapeutics. the spike protein of sars-cov-2 is extensively glycosylated with 22 occupied n glycan sites and is required for viral entry. in other glycosylated viral proteins, glycosylation is required for interacti ... | 2020 | 32985653 |
| sars-cov-2 and covid-19: how much do we know? | the recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (covid-19) globally threatens the public health. covid-19 is a pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), previously known as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-ncov). typical symptoms of covid-19 include fever, cough and fatigue. as a novel disease, there are still many unsolved questions regarding covid-19. nevertheless, genetic analysis has demonstrated that the virus is strongly associated with certain sars-like ... | 2020 | 32985201 |
| diagnosis of sars-cov-2: a review on the current scenario and future outlook. | the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) has undoubtedly created an emerging disease of topmost public health priority spilling throughout the globe. the diagnosis currently relies on a multiplex of criteria including the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and in vitro diagnostics. presently, the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rrt-pcr) is considered as the most reliable assay for the detection of sars-cov-2 and is being supplemented by ... | 2020 | 32985200 |
| immunotherapy approaches on innate immunity for sars-cov2. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) has caused fatal outbreaks of pneumonia. the similarity of s protein of sars-cov-2 with sars-cov and ratg13 is about 76% and 97% respectively. also its potential receptor-binding domain (rbd) shows similarity with approximately 74% and 90.1% for sars-cov and ratg13. sars-cov-2 has been shown to use the sars-cov receptor ace2 for entry and serine protease tmprss2 for s protein. sialic acids are primarily expressed by vertebrates and so ... | 2020 | 32985199 |
| long-term hydroxychloroquine use in patients with rheumatic conditions and development of sars-cov-2 infection: a retrospective cohort study. | hydroxychloroquine is one of several agents being evaluated in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection. we aimed to examine whether patients with rheumatological conditions receiving chronic hydroxychloroquine therapy are at less risk of developing sars-cov-2 infection than those not receiving hydroxychloroquine. | 2020 | 32984847 |
| inpatient mortality according to level of respiratory support received for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (coronavirus disease 2019) infection: a prospective multicenter study. | to describe patients according to the maximum degree of respiratory support received and report their inpatient mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019. | 2020 | 32984838 |
| disseminated multifocal intracerebral bleeding events in three coronavirus disease 2019 patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as rescue therapy. | to describe three coronavirus disease 2019 patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome under venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy and tight anticoagulation monitoring presenting a novel pattern of multifocal brain hemorrhage in various degrees in all cerebral and cerebellar lobes. | 2020 | 32984837 |
| dexmedetomidine-associated hyperpyrexia in three critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019. | to present three patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 infection who developed life-threatening hyperpyrexia while being treated with dexmedetomidine for sedation. | 2020 | 32984835 |
| impact of labor and delivery unit policy modifications on maternal and neonatal outcomes during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. | in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, hospitals nationwide have implemented modifications to labor and delivery unit practices designed to protect delivering patients and healthcare providers from infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. beginning in march 2020, our hospital instituted labor, and delivery unit modifications targeting visitor policy, use of personal protective equipment, designation of rooms for triage and delivery of persons suspected or in ... | 2020 | 32984804 |
| laboratory biosafety emergency management for sars-cov-2. | a biosafety laboratory is a prerequisite for studying emerging infectious diseases. safe and effective operation in laboratories and the handling of pathogens determine the safety of the personnel, pathogens, and the environment in the laboratory, which are among the key factors for successful experimentation. in this article, we aimed to provide ideas for the emergency management of biosafety laboratories, including a discussion on the urgency of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviru ... | 2020 | 32984781 |
| the role of biosensors in coronavirus disease-2019 outbreak. | herein, we have summarized and argued about biomarkers and indicators used for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. antibody detection methods are not considered suitable to screen individuals at early stages and asymptomatic cases. the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 using biomarkers and indicators at point-of-care level is much crucial. therefore, it is urgently needed to develop rapid and sensitive detection methods which can target antigens. we have critica ... | 2020 | 32984642 |
| reliability of serological tests for covid-19: comparison of three immunochromatography test kits for sars-cov-2 antibodies. | several immunochromatographic serological test kits have been developed to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2)-specific antibodies, but their relative performance and potential clinical utility is unclear. | 2020 | 32984615 |
| the dual role of echocardiography in the diagnosis of acute cardiac complications and treatment monitoring for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). | the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic, being caused by an easily and rapidly spreading novel betacoronavirus, has created a state of emergency for people, the scientific community, healthcare systems and states, while the global financial consequences are still unfolding. cardiovascular complications have been reported for covid-19-infected patients and are associated with a worse prognosis. ecg and biomarkers may raise suspicion of cardiac involvement. however, transthoracic echocard ... | 2020 | 32984405 |
| caring for aml patients during the covid-19 crisis: an american and italian experience. | the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) and the subsequent pandemic have impacted every aspect of oncology care worldwide. healthcare systems have been forced to rapidly change practices in order to maximize the safety of patients and healthcare providers and preserve scare resources. patients with acute myeloid leukemia are at increased risk of complications from sars-cov-2 not only due to immune compromise related to the malignancy but also due to the acui ... | 2020 | 32984046 |
| perspective: cancer patient management challenges during the covid-19 pandemic. | on march 11, 2020, the who has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) a global pandemic. as the last few months have profoundly changed the delivery of health care in the world, we should recognize the effort of numerous comprehensive cancer centers to share experiences and knowledge to develop best practices to care for oncological patients during the covid-19 pandemic. patients as well as physicians must be aware of all these constraints and profound social, personal, and medical cha ... | 2020 | 32984015 |
| covid-19 and tuberculosis. | on march 11, 2020, the who declared that coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) can be characterized as a pandemic based on the alarming levels of spread and severity and on the alarming levels of inaction. covid-19 has received worldwide attention as emergency, endangering international public health and economic development. there is a growing body of literatures regarding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) as well as covid-19. this review will focus on the latest advanc ... | 2020 | 32983927 |
| factors associated with good patient outcomes following convalescent plasma in covid-19: a prospective phase ii clinical trial. | coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) is a viral respiratory syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). this novel virus was discovered in wuhan city, hubei province, china, in december 2019. as of september 6, 2020, confirmed cases have risen to more than 27,000,000 worldwide and more than 885,000 people have died. currently, no cure or standard treatment for covid-19 exists. we conducted a prospective single-arm open-label phase ii clinical trial assessing t ... | 2020 | 32983830 |
| reduction in chronic disease risk and burden in a 70-individual cohort through modification of health behaviors. | introduction health risk factors, including lifestyle risks and health literacy, are known to contribute to the chronic disease epidemic. according to the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc), chronic diseases account for 90% of healthcare costs, morbidity, and mortality. in the united states, healthcare providers attempt to modulate a limited set of risks. however, chronic diseases continue to proliferate despite expansion of wellness programs and drugs to manage and prevent chronic ... | 2020 | 32983729 |
| a meta-analysis on the effects of hydroxychloroquine on covid-19. | introduction since december 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) has rapidly spread throughout the world with a large medical and economic impact. on march 12, 2020, the world health organization (who) classified sars-cov-2 as a pandemic. as a result of this worldwide public health crisis, politicians, elected officials, and healthcare professionals emergently began trialing hydroxychloroquine (hcq) in efforts to treat and prevent the transmission of the virus. this ... | 2020 | 32983702 |
| effects of the covid-19 pandemic on stroke patients. | introduction the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars2-cov-2) induced pandemic (covid-19 pandemic) has affected healthcare in all aspects, including stroke care. we sought to investigate this effect with analysis of our hospital's stroke treatment protocols as well as stroke volume on state, regional, and national levels. methods this was a retrospective review of prospectively collected data from our stroke registry to assess the impact of the sars2-cov-2 induced pandemic on th ... | 2020 | 32983694 |
| looking ahead: the risk of neurologic complications due to covid-19. | the rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has become a public health emergency of international concern. the outbreak was characterized as a pandemic by the world health organization (who) in march 2020. the most characteristic symptom of patients with covid-19 is respiratory distress. some patients may also show neurologic signs and symptoms ranging from headache, nausea, vomiting, and confusion to anosmia, ageusia, encepha ... | 2020 | 32983618 |
| individuals with a rh-positive but not rh-negative blood group are more vulnerable to sars-cov-2 infection: demographics and trend study on covid-19 cases in sudan. | coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). in sudan, several haematological studies were conducted to study the abo blood group distribution among the population, in which the o blood group was dominant followed by the a blood group. however, there is no systematic study into any correlation between covid-19 and the population's blood group types, therefore we have intended to study the possible effect of b ... | 2020 | 32983543 |
| what could explain the late emergence of covid-19 in africa? | at the end of november 2019, a novel coronavirus responsible for respiratory tract infections emerged in china. despite drastic containment measures, this virus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), spread in asia and europe. the pandemic is ongoing with a particular hotspot in southern europe and america in spring 2020. many studies predicted an epidemic in africa similar to that currently seen in europe and the usa. however, reported data do not confirm these ... | 2020 | 32983542 |
| an immersive journey to the molecular structure of sars-cov-2: virtual reality in covid-19. | the era of the explosion of immersive technologies has bumped head-on with the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). the proper understanding of the three-dimensional structures that compose the virus, as well as of those involved in the infection process and in treatments, is expected to contribute to the advance of fundamental and applied research against this pandemic, including basic molecular biology s ... | 2020 | 32983399 |
| emerging neurology of covid-19. | the virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) is responsible for the current pandemic known as coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) with severe respiratory illness as the predominant manifestation. neurologic complications from covid-19 were reported in the early stages of the pandemic and are now increasingly recognized. these include various symptoms like headache and anosmia as well as neurologic complications of severe covid-19 like encephalopathy, seizures, and stro ... | 2020 | 32983347 |
| covid-19 in children: what did we learn from the first wave? | a pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), has caused high rates of mortality, predominantly in adults. children are significantly less affected by sars-cov-2 with far lower rates of recorded infections in children compared to adults, milder symptoms in the majority of children and very low mortality rates. a suspected late manifestation of the disease, paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome - temporally associated with sars- ... | 2020 | 32983255 |
| neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios are closely associated with the severity and course of non-mild covid-19. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection is spreading worldwide. measuring the prevention and control of the disease has become a matter requiring urgent focus. | 2020 | 32983180 |
| what's sex got to do with covid-19? gender-based differences in the host immune response to coronaviruses. | the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic, has ravaged the world, with over 22 million total cases and over 770,000 deaths worldwide as of august 18, 2020. while the elderly are most severely affected, implicating an age bias, a striking factor in the demographics of this deadly disease is the gender bias, with higher numbers of cases, greater disease severity, and higher death rates among men than women across the li ... | 2020 | 32983176 |
| covid-19 in a severely immunosuppressed patient with life-threatening eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. | immunosuppressive therapies increase the susceptibility of patients to infections. the current pandemic with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) compels clinicians to develop recommendations for successful clinical management and surveillance of immunocompromised patients at high risk for severe disease progression. with only few case studies published on sars-cov-2 infection in patients with rheumatic diseases, we report a 25-year-old male who developed moderate coronav ... | 2020 | 32983161 |
| covid-19 related mortality during management of a hepatic abscess. | the coronavirus disease (covid-19) is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) which originated in the capital city of the hubei province, wuhan, china in late 2019. declared a pandemic by the world health organization on march 11th, 2020, covid-19 has challenged healthcare systems to limit the spread of community and hospital-acquired of disease. this article uses a patient case to highlight the importance of infection control during the height of the sar ... | 2020 | 32982611 |
| clinical challenges in an outbreak of covid-19 in wuhan, china: concerns from frontiers. | in december 2019, outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infected pneumonia patients were discovered in wuhan city, hubei province, china. with the spread of the epidemic, new cases have been found in other regions of china and abroad. this review summarizes the current coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) transmission pathways, high-risk factors, diagnostic points, pathogenesis, and therapeutic drugs to provide the prevention and treatment theories for covid-19 ... | 2020 | 32982600 |
| role of ifn and complements system: innate immunity in sars-cov-2. | the critical role of the innate immune system has been confirmed in driving local and systemic inflammation and the cytokine release storm in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). this dysregulated immune response is focused on interferon (ifn) and complement activation, which are crucial for the development of metabolic inflammation, local lung tissue damage, and systemic multi-organ failure. ifns control viral infections by inducing expression of ifn-stimulated genes (i ... | 2020 | 32982366 |
| simulation of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) scenarios with possibility of reinfection. | epidemiological models of covid-19 transmission assume that recovered individuals have a fully protected immunity. to date, there is no definite answer about whether people who recover from covid-19 can be reinfected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). in the absence of a clear answer about the risk of reinfection, it is instructive to consider the possible scenarios. to study the epidemiological dynamics with the possibility of reinfection, i use a susceptible ... | 2020 | 32982082 |
| a survey assessing the early effects of covid-19 pandemic on oral and maxillofacial surgery training programs. | the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic has specific implications for oral and maxillofacial surgeons because of an increased risk of exposure to the virus during surgical procedures involving the aerodigestive tract. the objective of this survey was to evaluate how the covid-19 pandemic affected oral and maxillofacial surgery (omfs) training programs during the early phase of the pandemic. | 2020 | 32981871 |
| the possibility of sars-cov-2 transmission in a haemodialysis unit - report from a large in-hospital centre. | data on the possibility of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) during the provision of chronic haemodialysis, which often entails many person-to-person contacts, are lacking. we report a follow-up of the in-centre contacts of three positive chronic haemodialysis patients. under strict preventive measures, only one patient out of 21 patient-contacts and 29 personnel-contacts tested positive within 2 weeks after the last contact. this patient, case #3, most ... | 2020 | 32981558 |
| pharmacophore based virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and mm-gbsa approach for identification of prospective sars-cov-2 inhibitor from natural product databases. | covid-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) primarily appeared in wuhan, china, in december 2019. at present, no proper therapy and vaccinations are available for the disease, and it is increasing day by day with a high mortality rate. pharmacophore based virtual screening of the selected natural product databases followed by glide molecular docking and dynamics studies against sars-cov-2 main protease was investigated to identify potential ligands that may ac ... | 2020 | 32981461 |
| a case of guillain-barré syndrome associated with covid-19. | a novel member of human rna coronavirus, which is an enveloped betacoronavirus, has been termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars cov-2). the illness caused by sars cov-2 is referred to as the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). it is a highly contagious disease that has resulted in a global pandemic. the clinical spectrum of covid-19 ranges from asymptomatic illness to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, multi-organ dysfunction, and death. the most common sym ... | 2020 | 32981333 |
| characteristics and short-term obstetric outcomes in a case series of 67 women test-positive for sars-cov-2 in stockholm, sweden. | the stockholm region was the first area in sweden to be hit by the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). the national guidelines on the care of women with a positive test for sars-cov-2 (detection with polymerase chain reaction [pcr]) recommend individualized antenatal care, mode of delivery based on obstetric considerations, and no routine separation of the mother and the newborn. breastfeeding is encouraged, and although there is no specific recommend ... | 2020 | 32981033 |
| a review on the neurological manifestations of covid-19 infection: a mechanistic view. | there is increasing evidence of neurological manifestations and complications in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (covid-19). more than one-quarter of patients with covid-19 developed various neurological symptoms, ranging from headache and dizziness to more serious medical conditions, such as seizures and stroke. the recent investigations introduced hyposmia as a potential early criterion of infection with covid-19. despite the high mortality and morbidity rate of covid-19, its exact mechan ... | 2020 | 32981023 |
| coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases or vasculitis: radiologic presentation. | coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) has transformed into a worldwide challenge, since its outbreak in december 2019. generally, patients with underlying medical conditions are at a higher risk of complications and fatality of pneumonias. whether patients with systemic autoimmune diseases or vasculitides, are at increased risk for serious complications associated with covid-19, is not established yet. computed tomography (ct) has been employed as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of patients wi ... | 2020 | 32981005 |
| delayed diagnosis and treatment of a critically ill patient with infective endocarditis due to a false-positive molecular diagnostic test for sars-cov-2. | background the worldwide spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) has created unprecedented situations for healthcare professionals and healthcare systems. although infection with this virus is considered the main health problem currently, other diseases are still prevalent. case report this report describes a 59-year-old man who presented with symptoms of dyspnea and fever that were attributed to covid-19 infection. his clinical condition deteriorated and furth ... | 2020 | 32980852 |
| intestinal inflammation modulates the expression of ace2 and tmprss2 and potentially overlaps with the pathogenesis of sars-cov-2 related disease. | the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms and high levels of viral rna in the stool suggest active severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) replication within enterocytes. | 2020 | 32980345 |
| a case series of pediatric croup with covid-19. | we describe three previously healthy children, admitted from our emergency department (ed) to our free-standing children's hospital, as the first documented cases of croup as a manifestation of sars-cov-2 infection. all three cases (ages 11 months, 2 years, and 9 years old) presented with non-specific upper-respiratory-tract symptoms that developed into a barky cough with associated stridor at rest and respiratory distress. all were diagnosed with sars-cov-2 by polymerase chain reaction testing ... | 2020 | 32980228 |
| risk of covid-19-related death among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma prescribed inhaled corticosteroids: an observational cohort study using the opensafely platform. | early descriptions of patients admitted to hospital during the covid-19 pandemic showed a lower prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) than would be expected for an acute respiratory disease like covid-19, leading to speculation that inhaled corticosteroids (icss) might protect against infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or the development of serious sequelae. we assessed the association between ics and covid-19-related death among people ... | 2020 | 32979987 |
| lessons learnt from easing covid-19 restrictions: an analysis of countries and regions in asia pacific and europe. | the covid-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global crisis. many countries have implemented restrictions on population movement to slow the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and prevent health systems from becoming overwhelmed; some have instituted full or partial lockdowns. however, lockdowns and other extreme restrictions cannot be sustained for the long term in the hope that there will be an effective vaccine or treatment for covid-19. governments worldwide now face the c ... | 2020 | 32979936 |
| acute mesenteric ischemia in a patient with covid-19: a case report. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) presents clinical manifestations similar to the influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars-cov), and middle east respiratory syndrome (mers-cov). however, in the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19), various pathological complications of high clinical significance have remained unknown. impaired blood supply to the visceral vascular system can cause serious life-threatening acute damage. we report a case of ext ... | 2020 | 32979913 |
| validity of a serological diagnostic kit for sars-cov-2 available in iran. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) epidemic broke out in december 2019 and is now characterized as a pandemic. effective control of this infectious disease requires access to diagnostic techniques, for both case finding and epidemic size estimation. the molecular technique is routinely used worldwide. although it is the "standard" case detection and management method, it has its own shortcomings. thus, some easy-to-use rapid serological tests have been developed. | 2020 | 32979911 |
| the assessment of the serum levels of tweak and prostaglandin f2? in covid - 19. | it is claimed that aberrant immune response has a more important role than the cytopathic effect of the virus in the morbidity and mortality of the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid - 19). we aimed to investigate the possible roles of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (tweak) / fn14 pathway and leukotrienes (lt) in uncontrolled immune response that occurs in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars - cov - 2). | 2020 | 32979900 |
| diffuse alveolar damage and thrombotic microangiopathy are the main histopathological findings in lung tissue biopsy samples of covid-19 patients. | since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19) in december 2019, limited studies have investigated the histopathologic findings of patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2). | 2020 | 32979740 |
| high-speed large-scale automated isolation of sars-cov-2 from clinical samples using miniaturized co-culture coupled to high-content screening. | a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), is responsible for the current coronavirus disease 2019 global pandemic. only a few laboratories routinely isolate the virus, which is because the current co-culture strategy is highly time-consuming and requires a biosafety level 3 laboratory. this work aimed to develop a new high-throughput isolation strategy using novel technologies for rapid and automated isolation of sars-cov-2. | 2020 | 32979576 |
| incidence of venous thromboembolism in coronavirus disease 2019: an experience from a single large academic center. | infection with the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has been associated with a hypercoagulable state. emerging data from china and europe have consistently shown an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism (vte). we aimed to identify the vte incidence and early predictors of vte at our high-volume tertiary care center. | 2020 | 32979557 |
| signal hotspot mutations in sars-cov-2 genomes evolve as the virus spreads and actively replicates in different parts of the world. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) was first identified in wuhan, china late in 2019. nine months later (sept. 23, 2020), the virus has infected > 31.6 million people around the world and caused > 971.000 (3.07 %) fatalities in 220 countries and territories. research on the genetics of the sars-cov-2 genome, its mutants and their penetrance can aid future defense strategies. by analyzing sequence data deposited between december 2019 and end of may 2020, we have compared ... | 2020 | 32979477 |
| concentration of infectious sars-cov-2 by polyethylene glycol precipitation. | the development of medical countermeasures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) requires robust viral assays. here we have adapted a protocol for polyethylene glycol (peg)-mediated precipitation of sars-cov-2 stocks without the need for ultracentrifugation. virus precipitation resulted in a ∼1.5 log10 increase in sars-cov-2 titres of virus prepared in veroe6 cells and enabled the infection of several immortalized human cell lines (caco-2 and calu-3) at a high mult ... | 2020 | 32979405 |
| use of tocilizumab in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. | | 2020 | 32979386 |
| performance characteristics of five immunoassays for sars-cov-2: a head-to-head benchmark comparison. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) has caused a global pandemic in 2020. testing is crucial for mitigating public health and economic effects. serology is considered key to population-level surveillance and potentially individual-level risk assessment. however, immunoassay performance has not been compared on large, identical sample sets. we aimed to investigate the performance of four high-throughput commercial sars-cov-2 antibody immunoassays and a novel 384-well elis ... | 2020 | 32979318 |
| sars-cov-2 antibody prevalence in brazil: results from two successive nationwide serological household surveys. | population-based data on covid-19 are essential for guiding policies. there are few such studies, particularly from low or middle-income countries. brazil is currently a hotspot for covid-19 globally. we aimed to investigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) antibody prevalence by city and according to sex, age, ethnicity group, and socioeconomic status, and compare seroprevalence estimates with official statistics on deaths and cases. | 2020 | 32979314 |
| covid-19 among people experiencing homelessness in england: a modelling study. | people experiencing homelessness are vulnerable to covid-19 due to the risk of transmission in shared accommodation and the high prevalence of comorbidities. in england, as in some other countries, preventive policies have been implemented to protect this population. we aimed to estimate the avoided deaths and health-care use among people experiencing homelessness during the so-called first wave of covid-19 in england-ie, the peak of infections occurring between february and may, 2020-and the po ... | 2020 | 32979308 |
| multiple sclerosis and covid-19: how many are at risk? | the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic challenges neurologists in counseling multiple sclerosis (ms) patients with respect to their risk for and by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and in guiding disease-modifying treatment (dmt). the objective was to determine the frequency and distribution of currently known risk factors for covid-19 mortality in an ms population. | 2020 | 32978860 |
| a five-step risk management process for geriatric dental practice during sars-cov-2 pandemic. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is an rna virus that causes coronavirus infection (covid-19). covid-19 is a highly contagious disease transmitted through respiratory droplets, saliva and other contact routes. within 10 months of its outbreak, sars-cov-2 has infected more than 23 million people around the world. evidence suggests that older adults are the most vulnerable to infection and have an increased risk of mortality. reduced immunity and underlying medical cond ... | 2020 | 32978832 |
| characterization of 100 sequential sars-cov-2 convalescent plasma donations. | transfusion of sars-cov-2 convalescent plasma is a promising treatment for severe covid-19 cases, with success of the intervention based on neutralizing antibody content. measurement by serological correlates without biocontainment needs, and an understanding of donor characteristics that may allow for targeting of more potent donors would greatly facilitate effective collection. | 2020 | 32978802 |
| neurological complications associated with the blood-brain barrier damage induced by the inflammatory response during sars-cov-2 infection. | the main discussion above of the novel pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection has focused substantially on the immediate risks and impact on the respiratory system; however, the effects induced to the central nervous system are currently unknown. some authors have suggested that sars-cov-2 infection can dramatically affect brain function and exacerbate neurodegenerative diseases in patients, but the mechanisms have not been entirely described. in this r ... | 2020 | 32978729 |
| sex differences in reported adverse drug reactions to covid-19 drugs in a global database of individual case safety reports. | in late 2019, a new coronavirus-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2)-was discovered in wuhan, china, and the world health organization later declared coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) a pandemic. numerous drugs have been repurposed and investigated for therapeutic effectiveness in the disease, including those from "solidarity," an international clinical trial (azithromycin, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, the fixed combination lopinavir/ritonavir, and remdesivir). | 2020 | 32978702 |
| why covid-19 is less frequent and severe in children: a narrative review. | despite the streaks of severity, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) infection is, in general, less frequent and severe in children than in adults. we searched for causal evidence of this mystery. | 2020 | 32978651 |
| assessing the covid-19 diagnostic laboratory capacity in indonesia in the early phase of the pandemic. | the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic has put a great burden on countries as a result of the demand for laboratory diagnostic testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). this paper reports our experiences in rapidly assessing indonesia's covid-19 laboratory testing capacity in the early phase of the pandemic response. through a questionnaire-based survey carried out between 23 march and 2 april, we estimated the daily tests that could be done by the 44 fa ... | 2020 | 32978346 |
| effect of asthma and asthma medication on the prognosis of patients with covid-19. | coronavirus disease (covid-19) has rapidly spread worldwide. however, the effects of asthma, asthma medication, and asthma severity on the clinical outcomes of covid-19 have not yet been established. | 2020 | 32978309 |
| anti-sars-cov-2 antibodies in the csf, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and neurological outcome: studies in 8 stuporous and comatose patients. | to investigate the pathophysiologic mechanism of encephalopathy and prolonged comatose or stuporous state in severally ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). | 2020 | 32978291 |
| single-center experience of patients with interstitial lung diseases during the early days of the covid-19 pandemic. | patients with interstitial lung diseases (ild) can be suspected to be at risk of experiencing a rapid flare-up due to covid-19. however, no specific data are currently available for these patients. | 2020 | 32978099 |
| aerosol boxes and barrier enclosures for airway management in covid-19 patients: a scoping review and narrative synthesis. | exposure of healthcare providers to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is a significant safety concern during the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic, requiring contact/droplet/airborne precautions. because of global shortages, limited availability of personal protective equipment (ppe) has motivated the development of barrier-enclosure systems, such as aerosol boxes, plastic drapes, and similar protective systems. we examined the available evidence and scienti ... | 2020 | 32977955 |
| different clinical presentations of two renal transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019: a case report. | the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has spread rapidly worldwide and disease spread is currently increasing. data on the clinical picture of transplant recipients and management of the anti-rejection immunosuppressive therapy on covid-19 infection are lacking. | 2020 | 32977764 |
| knowledge assessment of covid-19 symptoms: gender differences and communication routes for the generation z cohort. | this paper explores the generation z (gen z) cohort's self-assessed knowledge regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) symptoms as well as their interest in acquiring information and learning more about the transmission and spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2 virus) and the covid-19 symptoms. additionally, it investigates gender differences in self-assessed knowledge of covid-19 symptoms. field research employing a nonprobability sampling method wit ... | 2020 | 32977632 |
| comparison of the diagnostic efficacy between two pcr test kits for sars-cov-2 nucleic acid detection. | to compare the diagnostic efficacy between two different real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) test kits for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) nucleic acid detection and provide references for laboratories. | 2020 | 32977349 |
| immunological features of coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with cancer. | coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has caused a major pandemic. patients with cancer are at higher risk of severe covid-19. we aimed to describe and compare the immunological features of cancer patients hospitalised for covid-19 or other concomitant, cancer-related illness. | 2020 | 32977223 |
| comparison of 2 fully automated tests detecting antibodies against nucleocapsid n and spike s1/s2 proteins in covid-19. | automated assays for detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) antibodies in coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) diagnostics have recently come available. we compared the performance of the elecsys® anti-sars-cov-2 and liaison® sars-cov-2 s1/s2 igg tests. the seroconversion panel comprised of 120 samples from 13 hospitalized covid-19 patients. for the sensitivity and specificity testing, samples from covid-19 outpatients >15 days after positive nucleic acid amplifica ... | 2020 | 32977117 |
| does mask use affect the quantitative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 load in the nasopharynx? | | 2020 | 32976894 |
| comparison of two automated immunoassays for the detection of sars-cov-2 nucleocapsid antibodies. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is a novel member of the coronavirus family that caused the global coronavirus 2019 (covid-19) pandemic. the prevalence remains largely unknown because of early testing supply shortages. although it cannot currently be used to determine level of immunity, antibody testing can contribute to epidemiological studies, identify convalescent plasma donors, or satisfy curiosity about previous exposure to the virus. | 2020 | 32976593 |
| rates of maternal and perinatal mortality and vertical transmission in pregnancies complicated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-co-v-2) infection: a systematic review. | | 2020 | 32976369 |
| expression of ace2 in airways: implication for covid-19 risk and disease management in patients with chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases. | coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), has been a rising international cause of morbidity and mortality. angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ace2) is identified as a key cell entry receptor for sars-cov-2 and suggested to be a limiting factor for viral entry at the initial infection stage. recent studies have demonstrated that ace2 expression is highly enriched in nasal epithelial cells and type ii alveolar epithelial c ... | 2020 | 32975865 |
| inactivation of sars-cov-2 and hcov-229e in vitro by coldzyme® a medical device mouth spray against the common cold. | the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic calls for effective and safe treatments. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) causing covid-19 actively replicates in the throat, unlike sars-cov, and shows high pharyngeal viral shedding even in patients with mild symptoms of the disease. hcov-229e is one of four coronaviruses causing the common cold. in this study, the efficacy of coldzyme® (cz-md), a medical device mouth spray, was tested against sars-cov-2 and hcov-229e ... | 2020 | 32975843 |
| covid-19 in people living with hiv: clinical implications of dynamics of the immune response to sars-cov-2. | little evidence on coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in people living with hiv (plwh) is currently available. we reported clinical and viroimmunological data of all hiv-positive patients admitted to our center with covid-19 from march 1 to may 12, 2020. overall, five patients were included: all were virologically-suppressed on antiretroviral therapy and cd4+ count was greater than 350 cell/mm3 in all but two patients. although all patients had evidence of pneumonia on admission, only one devel ... | 2020 | 32975842 |
| racial disparities in incidence and outcomes among patients with covid-19. | initial public health data show that black race may be a risk factor for worse outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). | 2020 | 32975575 |
| association of race and ethnicity with comorbidities and survival among patients with covid-19 at an urban medical center in new york. | as of may 11, 2020, there have been more than 290 000 deaths worldwide from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). risk-adjusted differences in outcomes among patients of differing ethnicity and race categories are not well characterized. | 2020 | 32975574 |
| susceptibility to sars-cov-2 infection among children and adolescents compared with adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | the degree to which children and adolescents are infected by and transmit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is unclear. the role of children and adolescents in transmission of sars-cov-2 is dependent on susceptibility, symptoms, viral load, social contact patterns, and behavior. | 2020 | 32975552 |
| cardiac findings in pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with covid-19. | the overall severity of cardiac disease secondary to acute sars-cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) infection in children appears to be much lower when compared with adults. however, the newly described multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (mis-c) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) has been associated with cardiac complications. | 2020 | 32975439 |
| no sars-cov-2 antibody response in 25 patients with pseudo-chilblains. | chilblain-like acral lesions have been identified in some coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) patients. it has been suggested that these pseudo-chilblains could be a specific marker of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection. most patients with these lesions have had negative polymerase chain reactions (pcrs), but some authors believe serology tests are likely to give positive results. we designed a prospective study including all patients with pseudo-chilblains tr ... | 2020 | 32975345 |
| vertical transmission of sars-cov-2 from an asymptomatic pregnant woman in india. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars cov-2) is a highly infectious disease with many possible routes of transmission. vertical transmission of sars cov-2 is still controversial. we report a case of vertical transmission of sars cov-2 from an asymptomatic pregnant woman to her newborn baby who had completely asymptomatic course in india. | 2020 | 32974677 |
| biospecimen collection during the covid-19 pandemic. | millions of biospecimens will be collected during the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic. as learned from severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars), proper biospecimen handling is necessary to prevent laboratory-related infections. | 2020 | 32974640 |
| surgical tracheostomies in covid-19 patients: indications, technique, and results in a second-level spanish hospital. | the main purpose of this work is to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of intensive care unit (icu) patients in a second-level hospital in madrid, spain, focusing in those who underwent surgical tracheostomy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic. the surgical technique and associated complications are also detailed. | 2020 | 32974425 |
| covid-19 and guillain-barré syndrome: a case report and review of literature. | during the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) outbreak in northern italy, we observed a 57-year-old man developing acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy, a variant of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), 12 days after severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) infection. similarly to other bacterial and viral infections, dysregulation of the immune system due to post-infectious mechanisms, such as the molecular mimicry, could lead to an indirect damage of the peripheral nervo ... | 2020 | 32973665 |
| research progress of genetic structure, pathogenic mechanism, clinical characteristics, and potential treatments of coronavirus disease 2019. | coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) is a global pandemic infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2), and currently affects more than 8 million people worldwide. sars-cov-2 mainly invades the cells by binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ace2) receptor, leading to the injury of respiratory system, cardiovascular system, digestive system, and urinary system, and even secondary to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) and systemic infla ... | 2020 | 32973534 |
| the potential role of heparin in patients with covid-19: beyond the anticoagulant effect. a review. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection is responsible of variable clinical manifestations, ranging from no symptoms to severe pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, and multi-organ failure resulting in death. to date no specific antiviral drug have been approved for covid-19, so the treatment of the disease is mainly focused on symptomatic treatment and supportive care. moreover, there are no treatments of proven efficacy to reduce the p ... | 2020 | 32973526 |
| the c-c chemokine receptor type 4 is an immunomodulatory target of hydroxychloroquine. | the emergence of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2; covid-19) in china, reported to the world health organization on december 31, 2019, has led to a large global pandemic and is a major public health issue. as a result, there are more than 200 clinical trials of covid-19 treatments or vaccines that are either ongoing or recruiting patients. one potential therapy that has garnered international attention is hydroxychloroquine; a potent immunomodulatory agent fda-approv ... | 2020 | 32973504 |
| clinical presentation of patients infected with coronavirus disease 19: a systematic review. | the coronavirus disease-19 has been labeled a pandemic by world health organization. by virtue of its highly contagious attribution, this virus has spread across over the world and the numbers are still rapidly increasing. increasing numbers of confirmed cases and mortality rates of coronavirus disease 2019 are occurring in several countries. the aim of this systematic review was to summarize clinical presentations of this newly emerging coronavirus disease. | 2020 | 32973375 |