| fima and tctc based dna diagnostics for salmonella. | immunochemical analyses of 85 isolates of 17 salmonella serovars using polyclonal antiserum to sef21, the type 1 fimbriae of salmonella enteritidis, demonstrated antigenic relatedness among both type 1 and type 2 fimbriae of salmonella. however, anti-sef21 antiserum was not entirely suitable as a salmonella diagnostic probe due either to a variability of, or a rare deficiency of, detectable fimbriae. partial amino acid sequence analyses of the sef21 structural fimbrin protein revealed 99% homolo ... | 1994 | 7870071 |
| [the screening and restriction analysis of the plasmid dna of salmonella enteritidis strains]. | the screening and restriction analysis of plasmid dna of 36 s. enteritidis strains, isolated in moscow and novomoskovsk (tula province) at the periods of outbreaks and sporadic diseases, have been made. the possibility of using plasmid screening as an additional method for the differentiation of s. enteritidis strains belonging to different sources of infection has been shown. the restriction analysis has confirmed the conservative character of the nucleotide sequence of the virulence plasmid wi ... | 1994 | 7879474 |
| [the role of the activity of pathogenic enterobacteria in inactivating the antibacterial constituent of interferon during phagocytosis]. | | 1994 | 7879491 |
| infective popliteal aneurysm following salmonella bacteraemia. | | 1995 | 7881955 |
| plasminogen, absorbed by escherichia coli expressing curli or by salmonella enteritidis expressing thin aggregative fimbriae, can be activated by simultaneously captured tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-pa). | curli are fimbrial structures expressed by escherichia coli that specifically interact with matrix proteins such as fibronectin and laminin. similar structures are also expressed by salmonella enteritidis and have been denoted thin aggregative fimbriae. bacteria expressing curli and thin aggregative fimbriae were found to bind radiolabelled plasminogen as well as the tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-pa). by contrast, e. coli carrying a gene locus with an insertionally inactivated chromosomal ... | 1994 | 7885228 |
| immunogenicity of the escherichia coli fimbrial antigen k99 when expressed by salmonella enteritidis 11rx. | salmonella strains expressing the escherichia coli fimbrial protein k99 were used to immunize adult mice, and the resulting anti-k99 t-cell responses were examined. immunized animals displayed delayed-type hypersensitivity responses when challenged with k99 in the footpad. lymphoid cells from immunized animals proliferated and released cytokines when cultured in vitro with k99 or peptides generated by cyanogen bromide treatment; the t cells which responded had the cd4+ phenotype. | 1994 | 7887013 |
| a national survey to estimate the prevalence of salmonella species among canadian registered commercial turkey flocks. | in 1990-1991, a national survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of salmonella species among canadian commercial turkey flocks. two hundred and seventy flocks were randomly selected across canada. the proportion sampled from each province was selected according to each province's share of the national turkey market. samples, consisting of 12 pooled litter and four pooled dust samples, were used to determine the salmonella status of the environment of each flock. additionally, a one kilog ... | 1994 | 7889457 |
| [multiple outbreaks caused by salmonella serotype enteritidis in a restaurant]. | | 1995 | 7893800 |
| effect of eimeria tenella infection on salmonella enteritidis infection in chickens. | the effect of eimeria tenella infection on the salmonella enteritidis infection in chickens was investigated in three experiments. each experiment consisted of an uninfected control, birds infected with e. tenella, birds infected with s. enteritidis, and birds infected with a combination of e. tenella and s. enteritidis. a dose of 2 x 10(4) sporulated oocysts of e. tenella was given to each chicken. in experiment 1, each chicken was infected with 10(5) cfu/d of s. enteritidis for 3 consecutive d ... | 1995 | 7899197 |
| in ovo administration of salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines confers protection to neonatal chicks against salmonella enteritidis organ infectivity. | we previously reported that the prophylactic, intraperitoneal administration of supernatants from concanavalin a-stimulated t cells derived from salmonella enteritidis (se)-immune white leghorn hens (i.e., se-immune lymphokines or ilk), conferred protection to neonatal white leghorn chicks against se organ invasion. in the present study, we evaluated the effects of in ovo administration of ilk on hatchability, hatch weight, in vitro bactericidal activity of heterophils, and protection against se ... | 1995 | 7899206 |
| characterization of the pattern of inflammatory cell influx in chicks following the intraperitoneal administration of live salmonella enteritidis and salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines. | we characterized the inflammatory cell influx in day-old chicks induced by the i.p. administration of live salmonella enteritidis (se) and lymphokines from concanavalin a-stimulated se-immune t lymphocytes (ilk). an i.p. injection of ilk along with 5 x 10(3) cfu se increased the survival rate of chicks 48 h later from 70% (ilk-treated controls) compared with 25% (saline-treated). the injection of both the ilk and live se (but not formalin-killed se) resulted in an increased influx of inflammator ... | 1995 | 7899216 |
| [salmonella enteritidis multifocal infection of the central nervous system. efficacy of new cephalosporins]. | focal central nervous system infections, as abscess and empyema, due to salmonella species are unusual. even more unusual is the association of cerebral abscess, subdural empyema and epidural abscess we report in the present work. this infection appeared in our patient soon after a brain astrocytoma removal and was treated with cefotaxime and gentamicin during three weeks. in spite of documented genus susceptibility to the drugs the infection relapsed in few days. it was definitely cured with ce ... | 1995 | 7899392 |
| protective effects of somatostatin against gastric damage induced by hemorrhagic shock, stress and paf in the rat. | somatostatin is an endogenous cyclic tetradecapeptide which can exert effects on a wide range of gastrointestinal functions, including gastric acid and pepsin secretion, gastric and small intestinal motility, splanchnic blood flow, pancreatic enzyme secretion, intestinal nutrient absorption and gallbladder contractility. somatostatin has also been shown to reduce the severity of ethanol-induced gastric damage. in this study, we examined the effect of pretreating rats with somatostatin (s.c.) on ... | 1993 | 7901873 |
| salmonella enteritidis in reactive carditis. | | 1993 | 7902504 |
| cd4+cd8+ cells lacking self-mls reactive t cells are induced in mesenteric lymph nodes of salmonella enteritidis-infected mice. | the percentage of mesenteric lymph node (mln) cells that co-expressed both cd4 and cd8 was found to be from 5 to 7% in balb/c and akr/n mice bred under conventional conditions. in mice maintained under specific pathogen-free (spf) conditions, the percentage fell below 2%. when mice were infected with an attenuated strain of salmonella enteritidis (ser), the percentage of cd4+cd8+ cells in mln rose to 20-30% transiently. in these mice, the total cell number and the percentage of cd8+ cells were n ... | 1993 | 7903078 |
| isolation of salmonella enteritidis from cook-chill food distributed to hospital patients. | cook-chill systems are increasingly being used in the uk as a convenient means of catering for hospitalized patients. when such a system is operational, it is recommended that sampling of food be performed prior to regeneration. at our hospital we have established a food hygiene laboratory to achieve this. on routine sampling of nut roast prepared by the cook-chill method, salmonella enteritidis was isolated. it was subsequently established that raw egg had been used in the preparation of the fo ... | 1993 | 7903086 |
| outer membrane characteristics of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 growing in chickens. | strains of salmonella enteritidis belonging to phage type 4 (se4) were grown in the peritoneal cavities of chickens, and without subculture on laboratory media examined for inducible in vivo phenotypic characteristics. these bacteria expressed three major outer membrane proteins (omps) of 33, 35 and 36 kilodaltons (kda), and iron regulated omps of 74, 78 and 81 kda. bacteria growing in vivo did not express flagella, or fimbriae with a subunit molecular mass of 14 kda (14 kda fimbriae). two omps ... | 1993 | 7903640 |
| [fatal outcome of aortic arch syndrome]. | | 1993 | 7903791 |
| clonal lines of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis documented by is200-, ribo-, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and rflp typing. | sixty-two selected strains of salmonella serotype enteritidis of 33 phage types (pts), and one strain classified as rdnc, were characterised by four different chromosomally based typing methods to elucidate genetic relationships among strains of different phage types. based on is200-hybridisation patterns, two major groups, containing strains of the most commonly encountered phage types, and six minor groups (seven with the rdnc strain included) were observed. is200 pattern was a stable epidemio ... | 1994 | 7904649 |
| molecular subtyping of salmonella enteritidis phage type 8 strains from the united states. | salmonella enteritidis is now the most common serotype of the genus salmonella reported in the united states. bacteriophage typing has been helpful for subdividing s. enteritidis strains from different sources in the united states. most s. enteritidis outbreaks reported were egg related, and the majority of them were caused by strains of phage type 8. to determine whether restriction fragment length polymorphism of the rrna genes (ribotyping) and of the genomic dnas from two lysogenic phages fro ... | 1994 | 7907343 |
| molecular typing methods for s. enteritidis. | the predominance of certain phage types of salmonella enteritidis in various countries makes further epidemiological subgrouping necessary. today this is achieved by using molecular typing methods. for various bacterial species, plasmid profiling, the pattern of outer membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharides, the fingerprinting of total genomic dna including ribotyping, and multilocus enzyme electrophoretic typing, have proven very useful. when such methods have been applied to s. enteritidis, ... | 1994 | 7908822 |
| phylogenetics of salmonella enteritidis. | the phylogenetics of salmonella enteritidis is reviewed. data from rflp typing with cloned chromosomal dna, rrna genes and insertion sequence probes are described. human isolates of this serovar exhibit a high degree of genotypic homogeneity. multilocus enzyme electrophoresis defines s. enteritidis as a polyphyletic serovar closely related to s. dublin, s. gallinarum and s. pullorum. two main classes of virulence plasmids are found in s. enteritidis. we report a comparative study of genotype for ... | 1994 | 7908823 |
| passive immunisation against experimental salmonellosis in mice by orally administered hen egg-yolk antibodies specific for 14-kda fimbriae of salmonella enteritidis. | chickens were immunised with a preparation of purified 14-kda fimbriae of salmonella serotype enteritidis (sef 14) to raise egg-yolk antibodies for protection trials in mice against subsequent challenge-exposure with the homologous strain of enteritidis. a pronounced specificity of egg-yolk antibodies against the 14-kda fimbrial antigen was demonstrated by western blotting analysis. passive antibody protection was evaluated in a mouse model of experimental salmonellosis: 79 mice (cd 1 strain) we ... | 1994 | 7911840 |
| antigenic cross-reactions between fimbriae expressed by salmonella enteritidis, s. dublin and an 18 kda outer membrane associated protein expressed by escherichia coli o126:h27. | | 1994 | 7915997 |
| efficacy of tumor necrosis factor alpha and eicosanoid inhibitors in experimental models of neonatal sepsis. | the potential role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf alpha) and eicosanoids in the pathogenesis of experimental neonatal sepsis models was investigated. lethality was induced in neonatal rats by administration of heat killed group b streptococci (gbs, 7 mg kg-1 intracardially) or salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (0.35 mg kg-1 intracardially). the relative efficacy of six compounds with putative tnf alpha and eicosanoid inhibitory actions were tested. these were: ibuprofen (3 and 20 mg kg-1), a ... | 1994 | 7920463 |
| serologic testing for reactive arthritis. | the objective of the study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of quantitative serum antibody response to salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (lps) as a diagnostic test for post-salmonella reactive arthritis (rea). in a single food-source outbreak of salmonella enteritidis, serum was collected from dysenteric individuals with and without rea at 6, 12, and 24 months post infection. serum was also collected from control patients with no prior exposure to salmonella infection. qu ... | 1994 | 7923998 |
| [lumbar spondylodiscitis caused by salmonella enteritidis]. | a 19-year-old boy developed paravertebral muscular pain in the lumbar region after an episode of extremely arduous sporting activity, with fever followed by meningism. the cerebrospinal fluid showed a reactive pleocytosis. initially, no acute inflammatory changes were present on serum and blood analysis, although the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was moderately increased to 25/60 mm. pyrexia of up to 38.5 degrees c developed 6 days after admission. because borrelia igm and igg titres were posit ... | 1994 | 7924947 |
| [measures for disinfection and sterilization of poultry housing after an outbreak of s. enteritidis]. | recommendations for correct cleansing and disinfection of s. enteritidis-contaminated chicken farms are given. references are made to the legal context and to its significance in a s. enteritidis control program. quality and quantity of the suggested sampling procedure are based on who recommendations and on a four years experience of the author. 26 chicken farms on which s. enteritidis or s. typhimurium had been isolated in the previous crop have been monitored after disinfection. the results o ... | 1994 | 7924968 |
| [current epidemiological status of salmonellosis of humans in germany]. | infections caused by salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi b have special epidemiological significance. however, the enteritis caused by salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium dominates. a complex typing of these serovars is the prerequisite for both, an effective surveillance of salmonellosis and the detection of occurring replacements and variations of the pathogens. the increasing occurrence of salmonella in spices since 1993 is epidemiologically remarkable. in this connection, ... | 1994 | 7927464 |
| influence of polyclonal immunoglobulins on the polymorphonuclear leukocyte response to lipopolysaccharide of salmonella enteritidis as measured with luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. | in gram-negative sepsis, the activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) by lipopolysaccharide (lps) and the resulting production of superoxide and other oxygen radicals may be an important cause of tissue damage. a suppression of the pmn response to lps stimulation would be therapeutically beneficial. the aim of this study was to determine whether different polyclonal immunoglobulins (igs; 5s-ig, 7s-ig, and 19s-ig) influence the pmn response to lps of salmonella enteritidis in vitro. the r ... | 1994 | 7927690 |
| mouse t lymphocytes that express a gamma delta t-cell antigen receptor contribute to resistance to salmonella infection in vivo. | mice depleted of lymphocytes expressing the alpha beta or the gamma delta t-cell receptor for antigen (tcr) by antibody treatment were infected orally with salmonella enteritidis. in both groups of treated mice, the 50% lethal dose decreased, suggesting that both the alpha beta tcr+ and the gamma delta tcr+ subsets contribute to resistance to oral infection. these data provide further evidence for the contribution of gamma delta t cells in the response to bacterial infections. | 1994 | 7927728 |
| invasiveness and persistence of salmonella enteritidis, salmonella typhimurium, and a genetically defined s. enteritidis aroa strain in young chickens. | newly hatched chicks were dosed orally with a salmonella typhimurium wild-type strain, an s. enteritidis wild-type strain, and a genetically defined s. enteritidis aroa vaccine candidate, strain cvl30. the s. typhimurium strain, 2391 nalr, was virulent in newly hatched chicks and caused deaths in 7 of 20 chicks after an oral dose of 10(5) organisms. the s. enteritidis wild-type strain, la5, caused death in 1 of 25 chicks and gross pathology including pericarditis and perihepatitis in 6 of the 24 ... | 1994 | 7927749 |
| vaccination of chickens with strain cvl30, a genetically defined salmonella enteritidis aroa live oral vaccine candidate. | newly hatched chicks were vaccinated orally with a genetically defined salmonella enteritidis aroa candidate, strain cvl30. in chickens immunized with 10(5) or 10(9) cfu and challenged by the intravenous route with 10(8) cfu of s. enteritidis 109 nalr at 8 weeks old, there were similar reductions in colonization of the spleens, livers, and ceca of vaccinees compared with unvaccinated controls. two groups of newly hatched female chicks were vaccinated orally with 10(9) cfu of strain cvl30, and on ... | 1994 | 7927750 |
| unique fimbriae-like structures encoded by sefd of the sef14 fimbrial gene cluster of salmonella enteritidis. | the sef14 gene cluster of salmonella enteritidis was recently shown to contain three genes, sefabc, encoding a unique fimbrin, and proteins homologous to fimbrial chaperones and outer membrane proteins (ushers), respectively. a fourth open reading frame, designated sefd, was found immediately downstream of sefabc and overlapping sefc. the translated protein sequence of sefd was unique, but the composition was similar to that of other bacterial fimbriae. sefd was produced in abundance by wild-typ ... | 1994 | 7934897 |
| decreased gluconeogenesis and increased glucose disposal without hyperinsulinemia in 10-day-old rats with endotoxic shock. | glucose dyshomeostasis is a common and life-threatening sign of endotoxic shock in the newborn. in this study, liver gluconeogenesis was evaluated in 10-day-old rats with endotoxic shock using the isolated perfused liver. phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) activity and pepck mrna abundance were measured to confirm altered gluconeogenesis. glucose disposal was also evaluated by a glucose tolerance test. twenty-four-hour-fasted rats were studied to enhance gluconeogenesis and decrease gluco ... | 1994 | 7934976 |
| outbreak of salmonella enteritidis associated with nationally distributed ice cream products--minnesota, south dakota, and wisconsin, 1994. | from september 19 through october 10, 1994, a total of 80 confirmed cases of salmonella enteritidis (se) infection were reported to the minnesota department of health (mdh); in comparison, 96 cases were reported statewide during all of 1993. cases were characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever. recent increases in se cases also were reported from south dakota (14 cases during september 6-october 7, compared with 20 cases during all of 1993) and wisconsin (48 cases during september 6 ... | 1994 | 7935303 |
| retinal vasculitis and uveitis--an adverse reaction to intravenous immunoglobulins? | | 1994 | 7936032 |
| salmonella infection presenting as hematochezia on the first day of life. | | 1994 | 7936907 |
| [evaluation of three commercial elisa test kits for the detection of antibodies against salmonella enteritidis]. | we evaluated three commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (elisa) test-kits, using either lipopolysaccharide (lps) or flagellar extracts as antigens, for the demonstration of salmonella enteritidis (s. e.) antibodies in serum and egg yolk. they were also compared with conventional serological tests, such as the pullorum rapid slide agglutination test (rst), the pullorum slow agglutination tube test and a rapid slide agglutination test, using gm flagellar extracts as antigen. we tested sera and egg ... | 1994 | 7940513 |
| influence of temperature on salmonella enteritidis growth in hens' eggs components. | | 1994 | 7941255 |
| salmonella enteritidis excretion by carnivorous animals fed on day-old chicks. | | 1994 | 7941280 |
| [the use of the latex agglutination test for the rapid diagnosis of salmonellosis in children]. | from 237 children hospitalized in the enteric department of an infectious clinic 381 fecal samples were obtained and examined (after 24-hour pre-cultivation in selenite enrichment medium) in the latex agglutination test. the results thus obtained were compared with the data of the bacteriological study of these samples. for the first time the diagnostic value of the latex agglutination test (lat) both for the early and retrospective diagnosis of salmonella mono- and combined infections was estab ... | 1994 | 7941873 |
| endotoxin tolerance is associated with decreased prostaglandin h synthases-1 and -2. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) induces macrophage protein and eicosanoid synthesis. previous studies have shown that lps induction of eicosanoid metabolism is transcription dependent and that prostaglandin (pg) h synthase is the committed step in the conversion of arachidonic acid (aa) to thromboxane (tx) b2. lps tolerance induced by sublethal in vivo injections of lps renders rats resistant to lps in vivo and macrophages refractory to lps-stimulated eicosanoid synthesis in vitro. this study examined ... | 1994 | 7943269 |
| use of live and inactivated salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 vaccines to immunise laying hens against experimental infection. | four groups of dekalb delta commercial layer hens (8 hens per group) were reared individually in cages in an isolation unit. at the age of 8 weeks, groups 1 and 2 were vaccinated with 9r salmonella gallinarum live (9r live) vaccine. at the age of 18 weeks, group 1 was re-vaccinated with 9r live s. enteritidis vaccine, while groups 2 and 3 were vaccinated with s. enteritidis bacterin. at the age of 22 weeks, groups 2 and 3 were re-vaccinated with s. enteritidis bacterin. group 4 was not vaccinate ... | 1994 | 7949358 |
| sex differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responding to endotoxin challenge in the neonate: reversal by gonadectomy. | exposure to endotoxin is known to activate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) responses in both adult and neonatal animals. we have previously reported that female rat pups exhibit greater hpa responses to endotoxin challenge than males. it is unclear, however, whether observed gender differences at this early age are mediated by gonadal factors. in the present investigation we assessed the effects of neonatal gonadectomy on hpa responses to endotoxin challenge in the developing rat. on the fi ... | 1994 | 7955324 |
| a salmonella enteritidis 11rx pilin induces strong t-lymphocyte responses. | our previous work, using proteins fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to define antigens of salmonella enteritidis 11rx able to stimulate t cells from s. enteritidis 11rx-primed (balb/c x c57bl/6)f1 mice, had indicated the presence of a major antigenic determinant of 14 to 18 kda (h.-m. vordermeier and i. kotlarski, immunol. cell. biol. 68:299-305, 1990). the 14-kda size is similar to that of the monomeric units of one of the fimbrial structures, sef14, prod ... | 1994 | 7960117 |
| stability of plasmids in five strains of salmonella maintained in stab culture at different temperatures. | four strains of salmonella berta and one of salm. enteritidis were stored as stab cultures in sugar-free agar at 5 degrees, 22 degrees and 30 degrees c and in 15% glycerol at -80 degrees c. the stability of the plasmid profiles in each of the strains was monitored over a period of 2.5 years. plasmid profiles were stable in all strains stored at -80 degrees c, and only six of 450 colonies examined from strains kept in sugar-free agar at 5 degrees c had lost plasmid molecules. seventy of 440 colon ... | 1994 | 7961188 |
| irritable bowel syndrome--post salmonella infection. | | 1994 | 7963621 |
| salmonellosis complicating aortic aneurysms. | we present our experience with two cases of salmonella infected aortic aneurysms. the treatment of salmonella infected aortic aneurysms has been associated with a high mortality, primarily due to the rapidity with which the post-infective complications of salmonellosis develop. early diagnosis, adequate anti-microbial therapy and improved vascular surgical methods have resulted in a better prognosis for salmonella infected aortic aneurysms. | 1994 | 7963881 |
| the 21-aminosteroid tirilazad mesylate protects against endotoxin shock and acute liver failure in rats. | the protective effect of the 21-aminosteroid tirilazad mesylate (u-74006f) was investigated in an experimental model of endotoxin shock and acute liver failure. in male fischer rats subjected to 20 min of hepatic no-flow ischemia followed by reperfusion and injection of 0.5 mg/kg of salmonella enteritidis endotoxin, severe hepatic injury developed, as indicated by a histological evaluation and liver enzyme release. treatment with u-74006f (two bolus doses of 3 mg/kg each; the first dose was inje ... | 1994 | 7965745 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. outbreak of salmonella enteritidis associated with homemade ice cream--florida, 1993. | | 1994 | 7966838 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. outbreak of salmonella enteritidis associated with nationally distributed ice cream products--minnesota, south dakota, and wisconsin, 1994. | | 1994 | 7966839 |
| [a psoas abscess due to salmonella: a rare entity]. | | 1994 | 7967885 |
| the xbai-blni-ceui genomic cleavage map of salmonella enteritidis shows an inversion relative to salmonella typhimurium lt2. | we have established the genomic cleavage map of salmonella enteritidis strain ssu7998 using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the chromosome of 4600 kb was analysed by xbai (16 fragments), i-ceui (7 fragments) and blni (12 fragments); the genome also contains a plasmid of 60 kb. cleavage sites of i-ceul, in the large subunit ribosomal rna gene, are conserved from salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli k-12, and the xbai and blni sites in glt-trna are also conserved, but other sites are less ... | 1993 | 7968542 |
| evaluation of salmonella porins as a broad spectrum vaccine candidate. | porins were prepared from smooth strain of salmonella typhi 0-901 and chemotype of rough mutant of s. typhimurium ra-30. mice were immunized with both the porin preparations in different groups and challenged with s. typhimurium lt2-71 and s. enteritidis sh-1269. porin immunized mice showed significant protection (p < 0.01) against challenge with homologous as well as heterologous strains. hence, the use of porins may be attempted in future to protect against salmonellosis. | 1994 | 7968689 |
| effect of two different molting procedures on a salmonella enteritidis infection. | previous studies have shown that inducing a molt using feed removal exacerbated an intestinal infection by salmonella enteritidis (se). the current study was conducted to determine whether inducing a molt using a molt diet would still cause a pause in egg laying but not exacerbate an intestinal se infection. in experiments 1 and 2, hens were either provided ad libitum access to layer feed (control), fed 45 g molt diet (molt-feed) daily, or deprived of feed for 14 d (molted), and were orally infe ... | 1994 | 7971670 |
| [antibiotic resistance in strains of salmonella typhimurium and s. enteritidis isolated from poultry in the czech republic 1991-1992]. | antibiotic resistance has been monitored in 293 strains of s. typhimurium and 260 strains of s. enteritidis isolated from poultry in czech republic in the years 1991 and 1992. ninety per cent of all salmonella isolations examined by disc diffusion method (bauer et al., 1966) were sensitive to all 8 antimicrobials (chloramphenicol, neomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, colistin, ampicillin, kanamycin, sulfisoxazol) used for testing. the strains of s. typhimurium were more resistant than s. enteri ... | 1994 | 7975053 |
| salmonella enteritidis in broiler breeders. | | 1994 | 7975065 |
| salmonella enteritidis in hens' egg components. | | 1994 | 7975066 |
| [the treatment of salmonellosis in children]. | the time course of salmonellosis and some immunity indices (composition of serum immunoglobulins a, m and g, phagocytosis and activity of bactericidal substances of peripheral blood neutrophils) were studied in 80 infants. according to the applied therapy the infants were divided into 2 groups. 40 infants of group 1 were subjected to the routine therapy with gentamicin and tobramycin and 40 patients of group 2 were additionally treated with an immunostimulant (humisol). in the patients of group ... | 1994 | 7979796 |
| effect of selected antibiotics and anticoccidials on salmonella enteritidis cecal colonization and organ invasion in leghorn chicks. | one-day-old leghorn chicks were placed in floor pens on previously used poultry litter (potentially providing exposure to normal chicken enteric flora) for 7 days and provided feed containing one of several antibiotics or anticoccidials. on day 7, all groups were challenged orally with an isolate of salmonella enteritidis (10(6) colony-forming units) that was resistant to bacitracin, novobiocin, nalidixic acid, and nitrofurazone. all chicks were killed on day 13, and liver, spleen, and cecal ton ... | 1994 | 7980273 |
| horizontal transmission of salmonella enteritidis and effect of stress on shedding in laying hens. | horizontal transmission of salmonella enteritidis in laying hens and the short-term effect of stress on shedding were examined in 32 seven-month-old laying hens. half were inoculated with 10(5) colony-forming units of s. enteritidis phage type 4, and the remaining half were left uninoculated to study horizontal transmission. isolation of s. enteritidis from cecal droppings of all hens was attempted every morning. uninoculated hens rapidly became infected through contaminated drinking water. intr ... | 1994 | 7980276 |
| competitive exclusion of salmonella enteritidis in leghorn chicks: comparison of treatment by crop gavage, drinking water, spray, or lyophilized alginate beads. | the protective effect of cecal bacteria cultures on salmonella enteritidis cecal colonization was evaluated. competitive-exclusion cultures were administered by crop gavage, in first drinking water, by whole body spray, or encapsulated in alginate beads and provided in feed pans. leghorn chicks were treated with cultures of cecal bacteria on the day of hatch and challenged orally with 10(4) s. enteritidis 2 days after treatment. salmonella cecal colonization was evaluated 7 days after challenge. ... | 1994 | 7980279 |
| effect of prolonged administration of dietary capsaicin on broiler growth and salmonella enteritidis susceptibility. | the effect of continuous (42 days) dietary administration of 5 or 20 ppm capsaicin to broiler chickens on salmonella enteritidis susceptibility, body weight, and feed efficiency was investigated. chickens were weighed at 1, 21, and 42 days of age. no significant differences in body weight or feed efficiency were observed. chickens were challenged with 1 x 10(8) colony-forming units of s. enteritidis at 21, 28, or 42 days of age. the s. enteritidispositive culture rate for cecal tonsils was signi ... | 1994 | 7980284 |
| priming of phagocytes for reactive oxygen production during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion potentiates the susceptibility for endotoxin-induced liver injury. | plasma levels of glutathione disulfide (gssg) as an indicator of a vascular oxidant stress, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) formation, and liver injury (alanine aminotransferase activity, histology) were monitored in male fischer rats after 30 min of hepatic ischemia followed by up to 4 hr of reperfusion. the injection of 1 mg/kg salmonella enteritidis endotoxin at 30 min of reflow potentiated the postischemic oxidant stress and liver injury. tnf-alpha levels increased from 10 +/- 7 pg/m ... | 1994 | 7982273 |
| dynamics of avian inflammatory response to salmonella-immune lymphokines. changes in avian blood leukocyte populations. | investigations in our laboratories have indicated that an increased resistance to se organ infectivity in chicks was conferred by the immunoprophylactic administration of se-immune lymphokines (se-ilk). this resistance was associated with an increase in the lamina propria thickness due to a marked infiltration of inflammatory polymorphonuclear cells (pmns). in the present study, we determined whether the hematological profile of se-ilk-treated chicks might reflect changes that are associated wit ... | 1994 | 7982728 |
| role of hns in the virulence phenotype of pathogenic salmonellae. | a tnphoa-generated mutant c5060, attenuated for virulence, was derived from the mouse-virulent salmonella typhimurium strain c5. this mutation, designated hns-112::tnphoa, harbours the transposon in the 3' end of hns, with the alkaline phosphatase open reading frame in the opposite orientation to that of hns. bacterial strains harbouring hns-112::tnphoa were mucoid and had altered levels of dna supercoiling, as monitored using puc18 as a reporter plasmid. transduction of hns-112::tnphoa into mou ... | 1994 | 7984087 |
| [reactive arthritis. prospective clinico-microbiologic study]. | we study with a prospective design all reactive arthritis diagnosed at the service of rheumatology in bellvitge hospital during a thirty months period, from august 1985 to february 1988; in order to describe its clinical features, etiological factors and prognosis. thirty patients who fulfilled the admission criteria were admitted to the study. a previously designed protocol of clinical, serological and microbiologic study was applied to all. a microorganism was identified in 21 patients. in 14 ... | 1994 | 7984793 |
| encephalopathy associated with salmonella enteritidis infection. | a 15-year-old boy who presented with a short history of a diarrhoeal illness associated with encephalopathic features is described. salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 was cultured from his stool. although encephalopathy in the absence of cns infection or electrolyte disturbance is well described in enteric fever, it is very rare in infections with non-typhoidal salmonella serotypes and has not previously been described in association with s. enteritidis infection. | 1994 | 7984983 |
| [a pancreatic abscess caused by salmonella enteritidis]. | | 1994 | 7986625 |
| [neonatal salmonella infection]. | | 1994 | 7987474 |
| expression of outer membrane proteins by salmonella enteritidis relating to ph. | the ph of the environment influenced the expression of outer membrane proteins by s. enteritidis pt4 growing in broth. growth in broth at ph 5 to 7 resulted in variation in expression of outer membrane proteins of 18 to 22 kda. bacteria became acid-fixed and non-viable following prolonged incubation in broth with a ph below 5, and expression of flagella was repressed. | 1994 | 7988911 |
| key role for pregnenolone in combination therapy that promotes recovery after spinal cord injury. | controlled compressive injury to rat spinal cord was chosen to test therapies that might attenuate the progression of tissue destruction and locomotor deficits that characteristically occur after spinal injury. a highly significant reduction of damage was achieved by immediate postinjury treatment with a combination of the following: an antiinflammatory substance, indomethacin; a stimulator of cytokine secretion, bacterial lipopolysaccharide; and the parent steroid, from which all other steroids ... | 1994 | 7991623 |
| destruction of gram-negative food-borne pathogens by high ph involves disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane. | high ph has been shown to rapidly destroy gram-negative food-borne pathogens; however, the mechanism of destruction has not yet been elucidated. escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis atcc 13706, and listeria monocytogenes f5069 were suspended in nahco3-naoh buffer solutions at ph 9, 10, 11, or 12 to give a final cell concentration of approximately 5.2 x 10(8) cfu/ml and then held at 37 or 45 degrees c. at 0, 5, 10, and 15 min the suspensions were sterilely filtered and each filtrate w ... | 1994 | 7993089 |
| contamination of hands and work surfaces with salmonella enteritidis pt4 during the preparation of egg dishes. | salmonella enteritidis pt4 was recovered from fingers following the breaking of intact shell eggs artificially contaminated in the contents with the bacterium. kitchen utensils used to mix egg dishes were salmonella-positive, sometimes after washing. following the preparation of batter or the mixing of eggs, s. enteritidis was recovered from work surfaces over 40 cm from the mixing bowl. the bacterium survived well in thin, dry films of either batter or egg and, from an initial level of one cell ... | 1994 | 7995350 |
| application of physico-chemical typing methods for the epidemiological analysis of salmonella enteritidis strains of phage type 25/17. | eighty-nine salmonella enteritidis phage type 25/17 strains isolated from a localized outbreak in the german state nordrhein-westfalen (outbreak nwi) could not be further differentiated by biochemotyping and plasmid pattern analysis. they were submitted to a complex typing system consisting of modern physico-chemical analytical procedures. in lipopolysaccharide pattern analysis the strains proved to be homogeneous. in multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, outer membrane and whole cell protein patte ... | 1994 | 7995351 |
| changing epidemiology of human salmonellosis in hong kong, 1982-93. | a comprehensive analysis of the epidemiology of salmonellosis in a major hospital in hong kong from 1982-93 is reported. the trend of salmonella isolations over the past 12 years and changes in the occurrence of individual serotypes are delineated. a total of 5328 isolates were analyzed. groups b (salmonella typhimurium and s. derby) and e (s. anatum) were the commonest serogroups isolated from the intestinal tract in all age groups. a significant increase in the isolation of group d salmonellae ... | 1994 | 7995352 |
| [pustular dermatitis in salmonella enteritidis infection]. | | 1994 | 7996888 |
| use of digitized video microscopy with a fluorogenic enzyme substrate to demonstrate cell- and compartment-specific gene expression in salmonella enteritidis and bacillus subtilis. | a rapid and sensitive method for detection of cell- and compartment-specific gene expression in individual cells of both gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms is described. the method combines the use of gene fusions to lacz, and a fluorogenic beta-galactosidase substrate, fluorescein-di-(beta-d-galactopyranoside), with digitized video microscopy. all of the reporter constructs tested were successfully detected. secondary staining of the cells with a nucleic acid-specific dye, propidium ... | 1994 | 7997177 |
| [determination of antibody avidity using passive hemagglutination reaction]. | the antibody avidity index is suggested for the assessment of antibody avidity, that is calculated according to the formula: (t4:t56) x (t4:t37) x (t4:t21), where tn is the reverse value of antibody titer in the passive hemagglutination test with the same serum at various incubation temperatures. the interpretation of various values of the index is explained, both for the determination of antibody avidity level and for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. | 1993 | 8000798 |
| [60-year-old patient with diarrhea, collapse and increasing abdominal pain]. | | 1994 | 8002230 |
| random amplification of polymorphic bacterial dna: evaluation of 11 oligonucleotides and application to food contaminated with listeria monocytogenes. | the polymerase chain reaction was used to obtain randomly-amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) profiles from listeria spp. and enterobacteria. eleven different oligonucleotides were evaluated. only one, hr4 (19mer), generated reproducible and specific profiles for listeria spp., while results for enterobacteria were controversial. a total of 57 different listeria strains were subjected to the rapd analysis and 27 different profiles were recognized. rapd typing allowed strains of the same serotype to ... | 1994 | 8002481 |
| evans blue dye in the assessment of permeability-surface are product in perfused rat lungs. | evans blue dye (ebd) has been used extensively as a marker of extravascular protein leakage. we assessed the utility of ebd as an albumin marker in the measurement of permeability-surface area product (ps) in perfused rat lungs and compared the results with ps values obtained using 125i-labeled albumin. in isolated perfused rat lungs, ps was measured by exposure to a perfusate containing ebd (600 micrograms/ml) and 125i-albumin (i microci) for exactly 3 min, followed by washout of the intravascu ... | 1994 | 8002488 |
| amplification of salmonella chromosomal dna using the polymerase chain reaction. | a salmonella-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed and standardized. the origin of the primers was a recombinant clone (c7) that contained salmonella-specific hindiii fragment dna of 2.1-kilobase pairs. based on the sequence data of salmonella enteritidis recombinant clone c7, two primers designated nk1 (21 nucleotides) and nk2 (24 nucleotides) were synthesized for use in the pcr. a salmonella-specific 2.0-kilobase pair dna product was amplified by the primers from 23 species of ... | 1994 | 8002879 |
| salmonella enteritidis in eggs from commercial chicken layer flocks implicated in human outbreaks. | eggs were cultured from four commercial chicken layer houses implicated in three human outbreaks of salmonella enteritidis serotype enteritidis infection as part of the activities of the usda-aphis, vs, salmonella enteritidis task force. each house was part of a multiple in-line complex, ranging from three to seven houses. houses were located on three separate farms, and each house contained between 50,000 and 80,000 chickens. s. enteritidis phage types 8, 13a, and 23 were isolated from samples ... | 1994 | 8002898 |
| relationship between human immunodeficiency virus infection and salmonellosis in 20- to 59-year-old residents of new york city. | among 20- to 59-year-old residents of new york city who have septicemia, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection, and multiple site infections due to salmonella, those listed in the new york city aids registry were highly overrepresented. among the patients listed in the registry, males outnumbered females by 4:1 (septicemia), 9:1 (multiple site infections), 5.6:1 (gastroenteritis), and 2.5:1 (urinary tract infection); among patients not listed, males outnumbered females by 2.7:1 (septicemia), ... | 1994 | 8011816 |
| [salmonellosis in the czech republic 1989-1993]. | the authors discuss the incidence of salmonelloses in the czech republic and analyze changes which developed during the period from 1989 to 1993. in 1989 a steep rise of cases of salmonellosis was recorded; 34,435 cases were notified which, as compared with the previous period, is a threefold rise of the incidence. this trend persists already for five years. so far the largest number of notified cases (43,558) was recorded in 1992. the death rate and case fatality rate from salmonellosis has bee ... | 1994 | 8019810 |
| nitric oxide-derived urinary nitrate as a marker of intestinal bacterial translocation in rats. | bacterial translocation across the gut wall may lead to bacteremia and sepsis. bacteriological analyses are laborious and time consuming, which precludes a rapid diagnosis of bacterial translocation. synthesis of nitric oxide by macrophages is a primary response to bacterial infections. therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether no-derived nitrate excretion in urine can be used as a rapid and quantitative marker of intestinal bacterial translocation. | 1994 | 8020688 |
| laboratory and field trial assessment of protection given by a salmonella enteritidis pt4 inactivated, adjuvant vaccine. | an inactivated salmonella enteritidis pt4 vaccine, containing 10(9) cfu ml-1 and 75% oil-adjuvant, was used in a laboratory and field trial. vaccination at day old and 4 weeks subcutaneously provided good protection against massive challenge with 10(8) cfu of virulent organisms administered intravenously at 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age. the degree of protection was assessed according to the severity of the clinical signs, mortality, postmortem lesions and the recovery of the challenge organisms fro ... | 1994 | 8025842 |
| [subtyping of salmonella enteritidis using a new phage typing protocol]. | salmonella enteritidis isolates have increased since 1982 from 20% to more than 70% in 1992 in spain. currently available phenotypic subtyping methods have a low discriminatory power. in order to improve the phage-typing discriminatory power of alonso's method, new bacteriophages have been developed. | 1994 | 8031886 |
| antimicrobial antibodies in danish slaughterhouse workers and greenhouse workers. | as a consequence of contact with animals and animal products slaughterhouse workers might be at risk of infection with pathogenic microorganisms. this hypothesis has been supported by some earlier studies. in this study 217 slaughtermen and a control group of 113 greenhouse workers were investigated for the prevalence of serum antibodies to toxoplasma gondii, campylobacter jejuni (iga and igg), yersinia enterocolitica types 3 and 9, yersinia pseudotuberculosis types i, ii, iii, iv, and v, salmon ... | 1994 | 8034365 |
| subdivision of salmonella enteritidis pt 4 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: potential for epidemiological surveillance. | using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), nine profile types were identified in xbai digests of a panel of strains of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 (pt 4) isolated in england and wales between 1967 and 1992. when applied to 39 isolates from humans, chickens, poultry products and feed, strains belonging to pulsed-field profile (pfp) 1 predominated. dna-dna hybridization studies demonstrated that a band of approximately 57 kb was associated with the presence of the 38 mda s. enteritidis ... | 1994 | 8039660 |
| heterophils are decisive components in the early responses of chickens to salmonella enteritidis infections. | chickens injected with 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) were found to have a three- to nine-fold reduction in circulating heterophils without a reduction in the number of circulating mononuclear cells. a 50% organ invasive dose (id50) for orally and intravenously administered salmonella enteritidis (se) was established in the heteropenic chickens. when challenged orally, about 150-fold fewer se cells were required for organ invasion in the 5-fu-treated chickens; whereas an intravenous challenge of the hete ... | 1994 | 8047002 |
| restriction map of the salmonella enteritidis virulence plasmid and its homology with the plasmid of salmonella typhimurium. | a restriction map of the 61 kb virulence plasmid of salmonella enteritidis was constructed and compared with the salmonella typhimurium virulence plasmid map. polymerase chain reaction was used to detect a region homologous to rck gene in the s. enteritidis plasmid which was localized in the map by hybridization. regions homologous to trat and vagd/vagc loci were not detected in this plasmid by this method. | 1994 | 8047003 |
| resistance against salmonella enteritidis cecal colonization in leghorn chicks by vent lip application of cecal bacteria culture. | leghorn chicks were treated with cultures of cecal bacteria from adult chickens by crop gavage, upper body spray, or vent lip application on the day of hatch. the chicks were challenged orally with 10(4) salmonella enteritidis (se) at 3 d of age and evaluated for se cecal colonization at 10 d of age. the concentration of volatile fatty acids (vfa) in the cecal contents was determined on the day after culture treatment and at 10 d of age. compared with controls, se colonization was significantly ... | 1994 | 8047507 |
| molecular epidemiology of ampicillin-resistant clinical isolates of salmonella enteritidis. | during the last 6 years in greece, there has been a significant increase in the number of ampicillin-resistant salmonella clinical isolates reported. in this study 23 ampicillin-resistant salmonella strains, consecutively isolated from patients with epidemiologically unrelated cases of food poisoning, were investigated. by serotyping and phage typing, 21 of these strains were identified as salmonella enteritidis phage type 6a, 1 was identified as salmonella typhimurium, and 1 was identified as s ... | 1994 | 8051261 |
| nontyphoidal salmonellal septicemia in gabonese children infected with schistosoma intercalatum. | relapses of enteric fever induced by schistosoma intercalatum have been observed to occur in central africa. in libreville, gabon, 70 children (ages, 2.1-15.9 years) who were seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus and were hospitalized for septicemic salmonellosis underwent rectal biopsy for diagnosis of s. intercalatum infection. a nontyphoidal salmonella species was isolated from 53 of the 70 patients: salmonella typhimurium in 14 cases; salmonella enteritidis in 7 cases; salmonella gal ... | 1994 | 8054417 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of bacterial pathogens: isolation and use to determine host clearance and in vivo replication rates. | temperature-sensitive mutants of bacterial pathogens are relatively easy to obtain and characterize. we have used ts mutants of a number of bacterial pathogens: e. coli and listeria monocytogenes to determine quantitatively the bacterial activities in vitro of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes; e. coli and p. cepacia to study clearance of the bacteria in vivo; and salmonella enteritidis, listeria monocytogenes, e. coli, p. aeruginosa, and p. cepacia to determine quantitatively the rep ... | 1994 | 8057915 |
| competitive exclusion of salmonella enteritidis in chicks by treatment with a single culture plus dietary lactose. | oral inoculation of lactose utilizing cecal bacteria plus 2.5% lactose treatments were tested in young chicks for protective efficacy against infection by salmonella enteritidis. one-day-old chicks were treated with cecal bacteria upon arrival and challenged orally on day 3 with 10(4)-10(6) cfu s. enteritidis. a single culture identified as escherichia coli o75:h10 was found significantly more protective than all other isolates tested. this isolate excreted a metabolite(s) in vitro that was inhi ... | 1994 | 8060788 |
| the role of home-made ice cream as a vehicle of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 infection from fresh shell eggs. | a family outbreak of salmonella enteritidis pt4 infection is described in which home-made ice cream was identified as the vehicle of infection. the ice cream contained approximately 10(5) s. enteritidis pt4 organisms per gm and was probably contaminated by an infected shell egg containing between 10(5)-10(8) organisms. the continued relevance of the chief medical officer's warning on the use of raw shell eggs is highlighted. home-made ice cream using the same recipe as ice cream that had been in ... | 1994 | 8062876 |